5,033 results on '"Control unit"'
Search Results
2. An Automotive ECU-Based Forward Collision Prevention System
- Author
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Islam, Fariya, Nileema, Tajruba Tahsin, Abir, Fazle Rabbi, Jidney, Tasmia Tahmida, Kalpoma, Kazi A., Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Das, Swagatam, editor, Saha, Snehanshu, editor, Coello Coello, Carlos A., editor, and Bansal, Jagdish C., editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Computer System Design
- Author
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LaMeres, Brock J. and LaMeres, Brock J.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. IMPROVING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF OPERATION OF A MULTI-MOTOR PLATE CONVEYOR IN THE STEADY-STATE OPERATION MODE.
- Author
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Kelisbekov, Adilbek Kazbekovich, Daniyarov, Nurlan Asylkhanovich, and Moldabaev, Baurzhan Gilymovich
- Subjects
- *
CONVEYING machinery , *ENERGY minerals , *ELECTRIC drives , *FREIGHT & freightage - Abstract
The established mode of operation of the conveyor with a nominal linear load is the most economically advantageous from the point of view of increasing the energy efficiency of mineral transportation, in which the cargo flow with minerals corresponds to the nominal productivity of the conveyor. An increase in the linear load of the working branch of the traction-bearing body to a nominal value reduces the share of unproductive consumption due to which energy savings are achieved for a certain period of time, characterized by its hourly average value. The purpose of the work was to develop a technical solution to increase the energy efficiency of operation of multi-motor plate conveyors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. A NodeMCU Based Low-Cost Portable Device for Change Indication in Multiple Financial Commodities of Various Market Paradigms
- Author
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V. S. S. K. R. Naganjaneyulu Gudapati, Prashanth Guddeti, Adithya Kokkirala, Rohith Joshua Gumpula, Sai Vikas Katkuri, and V. Narasimhadhan Adapa
- Subjects
NodeMCU ,shift register ,financial commodity ,data retrieval and processing unit ,notification unit ,control unit ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
Online trading has become an important component of the portfolio of investors as it provides an attractive and profitable investment option in spite of the risk involved. Many individuals embraced diversified financial portfolios and started investing in Stocks, Cryptocurrencies, Bonds, Metals, and Commodities through online portals. It needs constant attention to the price of the financial commodities to obtain profits. However, the majority of the investors are landing in losses because of the lack of continual monitoring of the prices to ascertain the changes in the prices of financial commodities all the time. In this work, to assist users in order to avoid this tiresome task of continual monitoring, a prototype of a low-cost portable device for change indication in the price of multiple financial commodities of various trading paradigms based on NodeMCU is proposed. The device includes a Data retrieval and processing (DRP) unit in the form of nodeMCU, control unit, and notification unit. The DRP unit initially obtains the list of the financial commodities and control parameters including sampling rate, threshold, and time delay from the Google Firebase real-time database which are collected from user through a mobile application. Further, it fetches the real-time price data of the financial commodities to compute the percentage change in the given time duration and obtain the prioritized list i.e., the list of financial commodities as per the descending order of absolute percentage change and instructs the notification unit to generate alarm through an audio buzzer in case at least if one of the financial commodity exhibits an absolute percentage change greater than a predefined threshold. The notification unit also contains Red and Green LEDs corresponding to each of the financial commodities to indicate negative and positive changes that exceed the threshold. Further, an LCD displays the details of the first financial quantity in the prioritized list. The control unit comprises two designated switches to change the financial quantity whose details are to be displayed on the LCD and a silent mode switch to disable the audio notifications for the sake of convenience of the user. A prototype of the proposed device is realized with 16 cryptocurrencies, a sampling rate of one sample per minute, and a time delay of one hour for the purpose of testing the device. A maximum of 0.20 % of the mean error rate is observed in the price of Dogecoin, and 0% of the mean error rate is observed in the percentage change of price corresponding to all cryptocurrencies. Further, the number of notifications using RED and GREEN LEDs are computed for all cryptocurrencies which are found to be exactly in match with the original data with various threshold values of 1%,2%,5%, and 10%. The total number of notifications including both Red and Green LEDs is found to be higher in HBAR. The proposed device assists investors in making timely decisions for profitable trading and provides valuable insights about the momentum of various markets to readjust the investments and balance the portfolios accordingly.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. METHODS AND TECHNICAL MEANS OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL IN COMPLEXES OF CORRECTIVE EFFECTS ON THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- Author
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N.V. Ivakhno and S.I. Zikin
- Subjects
control unit ,automatic adjustment ,decision support system ,breathing parameters ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
Background. The paper considers the methods of building an information and control complex that affects the human respiratory system. Such systems are used worldwide for the rehabilitation, treatment and prevention of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure. A two-circuit control method based on a decisionmaking system built using fuzzy logic allows for adaptive load on the respiratory muscles based on the information received in real time. Materials and methods. The methods of system analysis, fuzzy logic, and approximation theory are used in the work. Results. In the course of the conducted research, a block diagram of the information management complex was obtained, which includes a block for determining the level of human fitness and a decision support system. A method for testing the state of the human respiratory system and an algorithm for assessing the level of approximation of the respiratory system to the «norm» and «pathology» groups have been implemented. Conclusions. The proposed methods and tools make it possible to provide a configurable level of stress on the respiratory system of each patient, taking into account changes over time.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Improving the Energy Efficiency of Operation of a Multi-Motor Plate Conveyor in the Steady-State Operation Mode
- Author
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Adilbek Kazbekovich Kelisbekov, Nurlan Asylkhanovich Daniyarov, and Baurzhan Gilymovich Moldabaev
- Subjects
plate conveyor ,automated electric drive ,load distribution system ,linear load ,control unit ,increased energy efficiency of operation ,Transportation and communications ,HE1-9990 ,Science ,Transportation engineering ,TA1001-1280 - Abstract
The established mode of operation of the conveyor with a nominal linear load is the most economically advantageous from the point of view of increasing the energy efficiency of mineral transportation, in which the cargo flow with minerals corresponds to the nominal productivity of the conveyor. An increase in the linear load of the working branch of the traction-bearing body to a nominal value reduces the share of unproductive consumption due to which energy savings are achieved for a certain period of time, characterized by its hourly average value.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Numerical Simulation Method of Large-Scale Discrete Fracture Dimensionality Reduction Based on Control Unit.
- Author
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Zhang Yaxiong and Lyu Xinrui
- Abstract
To address the problem that the strong inhomogeneity of large fracture reservoirs makes it difficult to depict the special hydraulic conductivity with conventional continuous media models, a discrete fracture network model was used for numerical simulation, in which large fractures are subjected to a dimensionality reduction to be explicitly characterized in the grid system, unstructured grids were used for the reservoir geometrical sectioning, the fracture was taken as a virtual boundary and discretized into a dimensionality reduction control unit, and the finite -difference numerical computation format of the flow mathematical model was constructed by calculating the conduction coefficients of bedrock-bedrock, bedrock-fracture, and fracture-fracture respectively, and taking into account the dimensional differences of the neighboring control units. The method was applied to numerical simulation of fractured reservoir in Well Group T-6 in a certain western oil field. The results show that the production history fit compliance rate of the well group is more than 80%, the type of residual oil is mainly the shielded residual oil in fracture channel and the unused residual oil between wells, and the proportion of residual oil between wells and below the production interval accounts for more than 60%, which is more in line with the actual understanding. The study results have good applicability to the numerical simulation and residual oil distribution study of reservoirs containing large-scale fractures, and the dimensionality reduction treatment of large fractures can significantly improve the computational efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. PEM Fuel Cell Application – From Components to Systems
- Author
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Reum, Mathias, Schlirf, Simon, Daniel, Benjamin, and Heintzel, Alexander, editor
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- 2023
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10. Computer Systems
- Author
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LaMeres, Brock J. and LaMeres, Brock J.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Development of a Graphic Interface Application for the Vision System of the Fruit Sorting Line
- Author
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Petr P. Kazakevich and Anton N. Yurin
- Subjects
graphical interface ,artificial neural network ,apple sorting ,machine vision ,control unit ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Technology (General) ,T1-995 - Abstract
Introduction. At present, an intuitive graphical interface is an indispensable component of modern agricultural-oriented software products. Aim of the Article. The research is aimed at improving the efficiency of sorting apples by developing a graphical control interface for a vision system to recognize various defects and sort apples. Materials and Methods. The authors used methods of analysis, enumeration, comparison and synthesis of modern software solutions. Results. As a result of the research, there was created a graphical application of the software for the control unit of the machine vision system containing all the necessary tools for managing and optimizing costs when sorting apples into three commercial quality classes. Discussion and Conclusion. The graphical interface of the machine vision system was used in the line LSP-4 for sorting and packing apples. It was developed by Scientific and Practical Center NAS of Belarus for Agricultural Mechanization in 2020 and successfully passed state acceptance tests.
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- 2023
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12. DEVELOPMENT AND ANALYSIS OF THE LOADING CHARACTERISTIC OF ACCUMULATE FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM COMMON RAIL OF THE ENGINE 50RT-FLEX.
- Author
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Polovinka, Eduard and Tabulinsky, Igor
- Subjects
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FUEL systems , *DIESEL motors , *FUEL pumps , *MARINE engines , *ENGINES , *FUEL quality , *CONSTRUCTION equipment - Abstract
The object of research are hydrodynamical processes in fuel delivery system of marine diesel engine of type RT-flex with accumulate fuel injection system of type Common Rail. The problem, being solved, is maintenance of an effective operation of the specified diesel engines due to perfection work of their fuel equipment. The results of simulation modeling of the injection process by accumulator fuel delivery system Common Rail of the 50RT-flex engine are presented. On the basis of the functional diagram of system, a calculation model has been compiled that provides a description of the operation of the systems main blocks. The load characteristic of the fuel equipment is built in the traditional version – the dependence of the fuel delivery parameters from the engine load at a constant speed. For the system under consideration, the control element is the valve assembly connecting the injection control unit (ICU) with injectors. The parameters of the load characteristic in this study are modes with a constant engine speed n = 124 rpm and a change in the opening angle of the control valve in the range – φv = 6.6–14.4 °CA. The parameters of the devices that largely determine the characteristics of the fuel delivery and the quality of the working processes of a diesel engine are considered in more details. Such an element of the system is ICU, the working body of which is the dosing piston. The main parameters of its operation when delivering fuel are the magnitude and speed of the stroke. For the load characteristics in the accepted range of the valve control valve opening angle φv from 6.6 to 14.4 °CA (2.18 times), the piston stroke was hp = 4.29–8.61 mm (2.0 more). In this case, the dependence of hp on φv is linear. Area of use of the data received during research, ship crews and the shore services providing operation of vessels are. A material is applied in process of high school and is already used in various educational forms. The given researches are useful to developers and builders of marine diesel engines of a considered class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. An automated system for sorting of freshly harvested tomato fruits.
- Author
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Benjamin, Michael, Igwe, Nnamdi C., Nwafor, Solomon C., and Ani, Ozoemena
- Subjects
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FRUIT , *TOMATOES , *MARKET value , *PHYSICAL measurements , *EYE examination , *STEPPING motors - Abstract
Fruit sorting determines market value. Farmers and traders commonly use physical-eye inspection and handpicking for sorting, but this is labour-intensive and ineffective. This research work aims to develop a sensor-based automated system for sorting freshly harvested tomato fruits. The automated system sorts tomato fruits into small, medium, and big sizes for market value. To evaluate the system performance, 115 fruits were machine-sorted and compared to eyeinspection and physical measurement. Physical measurement was done by measuring the minor, intermediate, and major diameters of each fruit with a Vernier calliper. While the eye-inspection was carried out by manual human examination with the eye. Results show average percentage error between physical measurement and automated sorting is 10.264%, which implies 89.736% accuracy. The influence of conveyor speed at three levels (2.8, 3.4, and 3.9) cm sec-1 on overall system performance was evaluated, and the optimum speed of 3.4 cm sec-1 was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
14. Dynamic Water Environment Capacity Assessment Based on Control Unit Coupled with SWAT Model and Differential Evolution Algorithm.
- Author
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Wang, Linfang, Dang, Dexuan, Liu, Yue, Peng, Xinyuan, and Liu, Ruimin
- Subjects
NONPOINT source pollution ,DIFFERENTIAL evolution ,DRINKING water quality ,POINT sources (Pollution) ,WATER pollution ,POLLUTION management - Abstract
Water pollution is a serious problem in China and abroad. Revealing the source types and their spatio-temporal characteristics is the premise of effective watershed management and pollution prevention. Since the national control unit can better match the administrative division, it was useful for the manager to control water pollution. Taking the Fenhe River Basin as the research area, a SWAT model based on the national control unit was established in this study to reveal the current situation of water quantity and quality. Then, in combination with the differential evolution algorithm, the dynamic water environment capacities of each control unit were further discussed. The results showed that the flow upstream was lower, only 7.62–8.40 m
3 /s, but flow in the midstream and downstream increased to 17.58 m3 /s and 18.32 m3 /s. Additionally, the flow in tributaries was generally lower than that in the main stream, the flow in unit 6 and unit 11 were only 0.23 m3 /s and 0.62 m3 /s. The water quality upstream could meet the water quality requirements of drinking water sources, but the pollution in the midstream was the most serious after passing through Taiyuan City, the concentration of NH3 -N and TP reached to 6.75 mg/L and 0.41 mg/L. The results of water environmental capacity showed that the residual capacity of ammonia nitrogen (NH3 -N) and total phosphorus (TP) in the main stream were positive, indicating that the Fenhe River Basin can accommodate the current pollution load in general, but there was an obvious difference in different months of the year. Especially in the wet season, the non-point source (NPS) pollution problem in the midstream and downstream was more prominent, resulting in a high-capacity consumption rate. It showed that in Taiyuan, Jinzhong, and Linfen Yuncheng in Shanxi Province, should be wary of non-point source pollution. In addition, the water environmental capacity of different units also varied greatly. The capacity consumption of the Taiyuan Section in the midstream was the highest, which mainly occurred in the wet season. The negative values of the residual capacity of NH3 -N and TP reached the highest, −131.3 tons/month and −12.1 tons/month. Moreover, the capacity consumption downstream also reached 21–40% of the whole year in the wet season. In addition to the impact of NPS pollution in the wet season, due to the impact of point source pollution, units 8, 9, and 10 downstream had high negative residual capacity in the dry season, especially in January and February. The construction of a SWAT model based on control units and the further analysis of dynamic water environment capacity could provide technical support for Fenhe River Basin management to realize accurate pollution control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Remote Impact Frequency Control of Air Hammers with Power Closure of Elastic Valve.
- Author
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Tishchenko, I. V. and Chervov, V. V.
- Subjects
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CONSTRUCTION materials , *UNDERGROUND pipelines , *LOGISTICS , *BLASTING , *PNEUMATICS - Published
- 2023
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16. 基于累积风险评价与多目标优化分配的 区域水污染物总量控制.
- Author
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闵雪峰, 俞阳, 赵锐, and 刘佳宁
- Subjects
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WATER pollution , *POULTRY breeding , *INDUSTRIAL wastes , *SEWAGE , *LIVESTOCK breeding , *ENVIRONMENTAL risk - Abstract
Environmental water pollution has become one of the key factors that constrain the development of urban and rural areas in China. However, the identification of high-risk priority control regions and the development of control schemes for the total amount of water pollutants still lack systematic studies. In this study, the risk prevention potential index of residents, the government, and enterprises was incorporated to construct a comprehensive water environmental risk evaluation system based on the“pressure-state-response”and to identify the risk control levels of each control unit. On this basis, a multi-objective waste load allocation model was constructed, and a water pollutant load(NH3-N)distribution scheme was constructed in Hongya County, Sichuan Province, China. The results showed that Hongchuan Town and Yuping Town, located in the lower reaches of the Qingyi River, were high-risk control units. Hongchuan Town was significantly affected by industrial wastewater discharge, while Yuping Town was jointly affected by large-scale livestock and poultry breeding, as well as industrial wastewater discharge. According to the comprehensive optimal distribution scheme, the reduction rates of ammonia nitrogen in Hongchuan Town and Yuping Town were 19.7% and 18.9%, respectively, while the total reduction rate in Hongya County was 16.3%. This study not only achieves fair and efficient reduction of water pollutants in each control unit, but also obtains a higher regional total reduction rate, which can provide a scientific reference for regional water environment management strategy formulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Implementation of the program process of preparation for starting tank engine under low temperatures
- Author
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V. I. Yadrov, A. V. Pepelyaev, S. D. Gerasimov, and V. S. Weber
- Subjects
engine pre-start preparation ,microcontroller ,control unit ,actuator ,heater ,combat readiness ,low temperature conditions ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
In the presented work, the justification of the need to install a system of the program process of starting the heater on the objects of armored vehicles is given. The analysis of the currently available works on this topic is made. According to the authors, the main shortcomings in the proposed approaches to solving the problem are identified. The article proposes a technical solution that allows to minimize the participation of the driver in the pre-start preparation of the tank engine. A forecast is made for further improvement of the developed system, which allows to significantly raise the level of combat readiness of military units.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. 空管单元动态容量评估研究综述.
- Author
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宋夏芝, 武丁杰, 钟进威, and 宁兆宇
- Abstract
Copyright of Science Technology & Industry is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
19. Aplikasi Perancang Abstraksi Verilog Mesin Keadaan Terbatas Otomatis
- Author
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Fairuz Azmi
- Subjects
control unit ,fsm ,verilog ,Mechanical engineering and machinery ,TJ1-1570 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
Saat ini, hampir semua perangkat elektronik menggunakan prosesor di dalamnya. Dalam sebuah prosesor, terdapat bagian control unit yang berfungsi mengatur operasi dari komponen-komponen di dalam prosesor. Control unit merupakan sebuah mesin keadaan terbatas atau disebut finite state machine (FSM). Rangkaian FSM dapat disintesis secara manual ataupun secara otomatis menggunakan bahasa abstraksi Verilog. Dalam penelitian ini, dibuat sebuah aplikasi yang dapat membantu pengguna merancang FSM dan selanjutnya menyimpannya dalam format Verilog. Aplikasi yang dibuat secara fungsional dapat berjalan dengan kesesuaian 100% dan mampu untuk membuat rancangan Verilog untuk FSM dengan berbagai model dan teknik pengkodean state. Simulasi modul Verilog yang dihasilkan juga sesuai dengan spesifikasi rangkaian FSM yang dirancang.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Real Time Control of Above-Knee Prosthesis with Powered Knee and Ankle Joints
- Author
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Jelačić, Zlata, Dedić, Remzo, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, and Karabegović, Isak, editor
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Discrete Wavelet Transform Application in Variable Displacement Pumps Condition Monitoring
- Author
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Chikhalsouk, Molham, Esakki, Balasubramanian, Zhouri, Khalid, Nmir, Yassin, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Pal, Nikhil R., Advisory Editor, Bello Perez, Rafael, Advisory Editor, Corchado, Emilio S., Advisory Editor, Hagras, Hani, Advisory Editor, Kóczy, László T., Advisory Editor, Kreinovich, Vladik, Advisory Editor, Lin, Chin-Teng, Advisory Editor, Lu, Jie, Advisory Editor, Melin, Patricia, Advisory Editor, Nedjah, Nadia, Advisory Editor, Nguyen, Ngoc Thanh, Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Madureira, Ana Maria, editor, Abraham, Ajith, editor, Gandhi, Niketa, editor, Silva, Catarina, editor, and Antunes, Mário, editor
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Dynamic Water Environment Capacity Assessment Based on Control Unit Coupled with SWAT Model and Differential Evolution Algorithm
- Author
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Linfang Wang, Dexuan Dang, Yue Liu, Xinyuan Peng, and Ruimin Liu
- Subjects
non-point source pollution ,control unit ,dynamic water environment capacity ,SWAT model ,Fenhe River Basin ,Hydraulic engineering ,TC1-978 ,Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes ,TD201-500 - Abstract
Water pollution is a serious problem in China and abroad. Revealing the source types and their spatio-temporal characteristics is the premise of effective watershed management and pollution prevention. Since the national control unit can better match the administrative division, it was useful for the manager to control water pollution. Taking the Fenhe River Basin as the research area, a SWAT model based on the national control unit was established in this study to reveal the current situation of water quantity and quality. Then, in combination with the differential evolution algorithm, the dynamic water environment capacities of each control unit were further discussed. The results showed that the flow upstream was lower, only 7.62–8.40 m3/s, but flow in the midstream and downstream increased to 17.58 m3/s and 18.32 m3/s. Additionally, the flow in tributaries was generally lower than that in the main stream, the flow in unit 6 and unit 11 were only 0.23 m3/s and 0.62 m3/s. The water quality upstream could meet the water quality requirements of drinking water sources, but the pollution in the midstream was the most serious after passing through Taiyuan City, the concentration of NH3-N and TP reached to 6.75 mg/L and 0.41 mg/L. The results of water environmental capacity showed that the residual capacity of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total phosphorus (TP) in the main stream were positive, indicating that the Fenhe River Basin can accommodate the current pollution load in general, but there was an obvious difference in different months of the year. Especially in the wet season, the non-point source (NPS) pollution problem in the midstream and downstream was more prominent, resulting in a high-capacity consumption rate. It showed that in Taiyuan, Jinzhong, and Linfen Yuncheng in Shanxi Province, should be wary of non-point source pollution. In addition, the water environmental capacity of different units also varied greatly. The capacity consumption of the Taiyuan Section in the midstream was the highest, which mainly occurred in the wet season. The negative values of the residual capacity of NH3-N and TP reached the highest, −131.3 tons/month and −12.1 tons/month. Moreover, the capacity consumption downstream also reached 21–40% of the whole year in the wet season. In addition to the impact of NPS pollution in the wet season, due to the impact of point source pollution, units 8, 9, and 10 downstream had high negative residual capacity in the dry season, especially in January and February. The construction of a SWAT model based on control units and the further analysis of dynamic water environment capacity could provide technical support for Fenhe River Basin management to realize accurate pollution control.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. ADX Florence, Colorado
- Author
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O'Donnell, Ian, author
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. A Control Unit for Emotional Conversation Generation
- Author
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Zhiqiang Ma, Rui Yang, Baoxiang Du, and Yan Chen
- Subjects
Control unit ,parallel channel ,control unit-based framework ,emotional control conversation model ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
Emotional conversation generation model predicts the response according to the current words and the emotional words. However, the researchers only dedicated to adding more emotional words in the conversation generation model to retain the taste of chat users without considering whether the emotion of a response is suitable for human conversations or not. In this paper, we aim to address the issue of emotion drift which indicates the emotion of a response is not the same category as its post in human conversations. We propose a control unit framework, which consists of emotional channels and word-level attention mechanism, to incorporate natural and smooth emotional words into conversation generation. Emotional channel consists six channels, namely like, sadness, disgust, anger, happiness and other ones, which provides strategy choice control unit to generate emotional words. To improve the importance of emotional content, we use the word-level attention mechanism in emotional channel for acquiring a better emotional decoding response. Experimental results suggest that the proposed model is effective not only in generate content but also in emotion.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Control Unit
- Author
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Cui, Weicheng, editor, Fu, Shixiao, editor, and Hu, Zhiqiang, editor
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Critical review towards thermal management systems of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicle with its electronic control unit and assessment tools.
- Author
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Kannan, C, Vignesh, R, Karthick, C, and Ashok, B
- Subjects
BATTERY management systems ,ELECTRONIC control ,SCIENTIFIC literature ,LITHIUM-ion batteries ,THERMAL batteries ,ELECTRIC vehicle batteries ,HYBRID electric vehicles - Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries are facing difficulties in an aspect of protection towards battery thermal safety issues which leads to performance degradation or thermal runaway. To negate these issues an effective battery thermal management system is absolute pre-requisite to safeguard the lithium-ion batteries. In this context to support the future endeavours and to improvise battery thermal management system (BTMS) design and its operation the article reveals on three aspects through the analysis of scientific literatures. First, this paper collates the present research progress and status of various battery management strategies employed to lithium-ion batteries. Further, to promote stable and efficient BTMS operation as an initiation the extensive attention is paid towards roles of BTMS electronic control unit and also presented the essential functionality need to consider for designing best BTMS control strategy. Finally, elucidates the various unconventional assessment tools can be employed to recognize the suitable thermal management technique and also for establish optimum BTMS operation based on requirements. From the experience of this article additionally delivers some of the research gaps identified and the essential areas need to focus for the development of superior lithium-ion BTMS technology. All the contents reveal in this article will hopefully assist to the design commercially suitable effective BTMS technology especially for electro-mobility application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Development of control unit for parameters of material processing modes
- Author
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A. P. Morgunov, V. V. Derkach, and I. V. Kirgizova
- Subjects
electrochemical processing ,processing modes ,control unit ,aeroponic installation ,agro-industrial sector ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
The use of modern energy and resource-saving technologies in multifactor technological processes is a promising direction for development of the manufacturing sector in most developed countries. The purpose of the work is to develop a control system for the Arduino UNO program with the parameters of material processing mode. The article describes the results of the development and creation of a control system for the parameters of the material processing mode in an electrochemical installation. As a result of the experiments, a control unit system was developed with automatic programming with predetermined cycles focused on changes in the macro deviations of the shape of the processing blank.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM USING PARABOLIC COLLECTOR FOR THERMAL OPTIMUM CONDITIONS OF BIOGAS PRODUCTION IN WINTER
- Author
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Sara El-Husseini, M., Mostafa, A. El-Gindy, and A. Anwar
- Subjects
anaerobic digestion ,biogas productivity ,fermentation temperature ,solar energy ,parabolic trough ,heat exchanger ,solar tracking ,control unit ,Agriculture - Abstract
The aim of this study is to enhance the fermentation temperature inside the digester by supplying the required thermal energy to be within the desired optimum range (mesophilic range) for biogas production during winter “cold days”. Two 50 L digesters were used in the experiment that was conducted at Solar Energy Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo. One is a treatment digester and the other is a control digester. The treatment digester is thermally enhanced by a parabolic trough collector, while the control digester operated at the ambient temperature. The experiment was conducted through December 2018 and January 2019. The results show that the average temperature in the control digester through the experiment was 21.5°C, while in the treatment digester it was 27.08°C. This means that the parabolic trough collector enhanced the fermentation temperature in the treatment digester by 20.6%. The total biogas yield of the control digester and the treatment digester was 9684.7 mL/kg. T.S. and 24649.69 mL/kg. T.S. respectively. By comparing both productivities, it was found that the productivity of the treatment digester was 2.5 times more than the productivity of the control digester.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Hierarchical Control of Air-Conditioning Loads for Flexible Demand Response in the Short Term
- Author
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Ping Ju, Tingyu Jiang, Hongyu Li, Chong Wang, and Jingzi Liu
- Subjects
Control unit ,demand response ,hierarchical control ,optimization methodology ,power drop section ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
Increased wind power penetration and load demands lead to an increase in the peak-valley difference, which challenges system stability. This paper presents a hierarchical control strategy to coordinate multiple units of aggregated air-conditioning (AC) loads for power regulation to help reduce the peak-valley difference. First, the independent system operator (ISO) determines the purchased reserve capacity according to the roughly expected regulation effect, and the range of adjustable instructions is derived based on the purchased reserve capacity to help reduce the computation burden. Second, the economy optimizations between the ISO and load aggregators (LAs) are carried out to determine the distribution of purchased control units for AC. Third, after implementing unified planning by the ISO, the LAs deliver the scheduling instructions, including the triggering times and unit numbers, to the AC units to achieve short-term power regulation. Additionally, the scheduling accuracy can be set by changing the scale of the AC control units according to the requirements of the instructions. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control framework in Lianyungang, with 1000 control units participating. The method proposed in this paper could relieve the burden of the peak-valley difference effectively with less economic expenditure.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Development of smart parking management system
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A.V. Anoora Reddy, T. Bharani, K. Mounika, M. Venkata Sudhakar, and M.V. Sai Kumar
- Subjects
Computer science ,Proximity sensor ,Management system ,Real-time computing ,Parking lot ,Control unit ,Image processing ,General Medicine ,Entry point ,Servomotor ,Space (commercial competition) ,GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
As the usage of vehicles is increasing day by day, it became difficult to identify a proper parking space for every vehicle. Smart Parking System deals with development of mobile application, that is useful for user to access detailed information about parking space and managing it efficiently in parking lot. Smart Parking System uses Image Processing technique to identify registration plate of a vehicle and also provides autonomous door opening and closing operation whenever it detects a vehicle at entrance of a parking lot. The mobile application provides information about available parking spaces, security and safety features of parking lot like fire and gas leakages alert. Raspberry Pi is the control unit which controls and processes the whole operation of the system. Liquid crystal display (LCD) display is located at entry point of the parking lot to display current parking space availability. Infrared (IR) proximity sensors are employed to identify the existence of vehicle at the entry gate of parking lot. From the captured image, characters from vehicle registration plate can be identified, and then Raspberry Pi sends a signal to servo motor to open the gate for a specified interval of time. The user will then park the vehicle in the available parking slot. When the user wants to leave the space and moved the vehicle, the date and time information will be captured which will be further used for processing the bill.
- Published
- 2023
31. Control of Mobile Robot Formations Using Aerial Cameras
- Author
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Aranda, Miguel, López-Nicolás, Gonzalo, Sagüés, Carlos, Grimble, Michael J., Series editor, Johnson, Michael A., Series editor, Goodwin, Graham C, Editorial board, Harris, Thomas J., Editorial board, Lee, Tong Heng, Editorial board, Malik, Om P., Editorial board, Man, Kim-Fung, Editorial board, Olsson, Gustaf, Editorial board, Ray, Asok, Editorial board, Seborg, Dale E, Editorial board, Engell, Sebastian, Advisory editor, Yamamoto, Ikuo, Editorial board, Aranda, Miguel, López-Nicolás, Gonzalo, and Sagüés, Carlos
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. IMPLEMENTATION OF POWER-EFFICIENT CONTROL UNIT ON ULTRA-SCALE FPGA FOR GREEN COMMUNICATION.
- Author
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Pandey, Bishwajeet, Kumar, Keshav, Batool, Aiza, and Ahmad, Shabeer
- Subjects
ENERGY shortages ,GROWTH industries ,TELECOMMUNICATION ,CONSUMPTION (Economics) ,COMMUNICATION of technical information ,GREEN technology - Abstract
Whole world is suffering from the problem of the energy crisis. This is happening because of the enormous growth of population and industries across the globe. Therefore the whole world is looking to adopt the concepts of green communication technologies and power/energy efficient devices. This work is just towards these technologies. In this work, a power-efficient Control Unit (CU) is designed and implemented on Kintex-7 Ultrascale FPGA. The simulation and power analysis of the control unit is done on VIVADO HLx Design Suite. The power analysis of control unit is observed for different frequency values and it is observed that as the frequency increases the total power consumption also increases. Hence the control unit is more suitable to operate at low frequency values in order to minimize the power consumption. Also, there is a 36% saving in total power consumption when we scale down the device operating frequency of the control unit from 5 GHz to 100 MHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Návrh a realizace výukového modelu mostového jeřábu
- Abstract
Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá návrhem a následným sestavením výukového modelu mostového jeřábu. Model jeřábu je sestavený z hliníkového systému kombi a na 3D tiskárně vytištěných plastových komponentů. Jednotlivé pohyblivé částí modelu jsou osazeny stejnosměrnými motory a koncovými spínači. Model je ovládám pomocí precizního klonu mikropočítače Arduino Mega., This bachelor's thesis deals with the design and subsequent assembly of an educational model of a bridge crane. The crane model is assembled from an aluminum combi system and plastic components printed on a 3D printer. Individual moving parts of the model are fitted with DC motors and limit switches. I control the model using an exact clone of the Arduino Mega microcomputer., Fakulta elektrotechniky a informatiky, Bakalářská práce úspěšně splnila svůj cíl, kterým bylo navrhnout a realizovat model mostového jeřábu spolu s návrhem jeho elektrického obvodu a tvorbou řídicího algoritmu. Výsledkem je funkční model, který lze ovládat v manuálním a automatickém režimu. Cíle práce tedy byly splněny., Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobou
- Published
- 2023
34. Performance evaluation of LIDAR demonstrator
- Abstract
In questa tesi, sono state realizzate tre diverse board: un DC-DC per il supply, un control unit per programmare i segnali d'ingresso del driver, un firing unit che contiene il chip principale(driver e GaN). Abbiamo usato il nitruro di galio perché è meglio adatto del silicio ad alte frequenze. L'obbiettivo principale è di raggiungere 50A di picco di corrente con soli 5ns di pulse. Sono stati usati Altium design per il disegno delle board e Ansys per l'evaluazione delle induttanze parassite. Questo ultimo crea diversi problemi e può limitare il raggiungimento del picco di corrente. Quindi bisogna fare il layout tenendo molta attenzione ai parassiti, In our three years of work, we have achieved the realization of a Firing unit board with the GaN and driver in a system in package. Three different boards were realized: A first board with only the resistor, the second one with the resistor and a shunt resistor and a third board with the laser diode and a shunt resistor. A DC-DC was realized for the supply while a control unit was realized for the control of the input signals of the driver.Unfortunately, no measurements of the firing unit have been done yet as we are still waiting for the chip to be completed. The DC-DC and the control unit board have been measured and tested. LIDAR application is the most attractive and efficient solution for this market. The challenges of LIDAR application consist in the development of the electronics generating a current pulse of 50A that lasts for less than 5ns. The technical area of this activity is fully autonomous self-driving car, and in particular what helps an autonomous vehicle to understand the world around it.
- Published
- 2023
35. Assessment on Water Environmental Capacity of Coastal Lowlands Networked with Rivers and Lakes in the Northern Region of Jiaxing, China.
- Author
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Li, Haozhang, Zhang, Minxi, Yuan, Jing, Chen, Xiaohui, and Yu, Guoliang
- Subjects
- *
WATER pollution , *WATER quality , *LAKES , *CHEMICAL oxygen demand , *WATER - Abstract
Li, H.; Zhang, M.; Yuan, J.; Chen, X., and Yu, G., 2020. Assessment on water environmental capacity of coastal lowlands networked with rivers and lakes in the northern region of Jiaxing, China. Journal of Coastal Research, 36(6), 1154–1161. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Networked rivers and lakes are widely distributed in coastal lowlands. The water quality in these regions is generally not good and endangers the ecosystem because pollutants accumulate easily. The northern region of Jiaxing, China, was chosen for the case study. This paper investigates the water environmental capacity of coastal lowlands networked with several rivers and lakes. Field measurements were conducted to collect hydrological, water quality, and statistical data in different periods. The study area was divided into river and lake control units, with 10 units in total. The water environment capacity and pollution sources of each control unit were analyzed. The results showed that the pollution load and remnant water environmental capacity of each control unit differ significantly for different periods and control units. The total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the region were severely over the standard values. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and TP in the river control units were higher than those in the lake control units. During the period between October 2018 and June 2019, all control units exceeded the water environmental capacity of TN, but most control units did not exceed the limit for COD. The remnant water environmental capacity of most control units follows the order that the dry period is greater than the normal period, which is greater than the flood period. Finally, according to the pollution sources and water environmental capacity of each control unit, specific measures to improve the water environment were proposed. This study provides references to assess and improve the water environmental capacity in coastal lowlands networked with rivers and lakes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Synthesis of control unit for future biocomputer
- Author
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Chun-Liang Lin, Ting-Yu Kuo, and Wei-Xian Li
- Subjects
Synthetic biology ,Genetic logic circuit ,Arithmetic and logical unit ,Control unit ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Abstract Background Synthesis of a variety of biological circuits for specific functional purposes has made a tremendous progress in recent years. The ultimate goal of combining molecular biology and engineering is to realize a functional biocomputer. To address this challenge, all previous efforts work toward building up the bio-computer as the ultimate goal. To this aim, there should be a key module, named control unit (CU), to direct a serious of logic or arithmetic operations within the processor. Methods This research task develops a bio-CU to work with a bio-ALU, which is realized from the combination of previously developed genetic logic gates to fulfill the kernel function of CPU as those done in the silicon computer. Results A possible framework of the bio-CPU has demonstrated how to connect a bio-CU with a bio-ALU to conduct a fetch-decode-execute cycle of a macro instruction. It presents not only capability of 4-bit full adder but coordination of related modules in biocomputer. Conclusions We have demonstrated computer simulation for applications of the genetic circuits in biocomputer construction. It’s expected to inspire follow-up study to synthesize potential configurations of the future biocomputer.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Research on safety information terminal of household gas
- Author
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Xun Liu
- Subjects
pressure sensors ,valves ,radiocommunication ,gas industry ,safety ,leak detection ,gas leak detection unit ,household gas safety information terminal ,gas supply industry ,photoelectric reading conversion device ,wireless communication module ,pressure detection unit ,control unit ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
In this study, the important role of the household gas safety information terminal in the gas supply industry is introduced, and the necessity of studying the new type of the household gas safety information terminal is pointed out. Then, the function and specification of the terminal are introduced. The system design scheme of the terminal is described, including gas, photoelectric reading conversion device, valve, wireless communication module, pressure detection unit, gas leak detection unit, and control unit; the characteristics, functions, and performance indexes of each part of the system are described in detail. Finally, the practical application effect of the terminal is given.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. FEATURES OF MANUFACTURE OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL WITH MACROHETEROGENEOUS STRUCTURE WITH THE APPLICATION OF MAGNETIC FIELDS
- Author
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A. S. Kalinichenko, V. A. Sheinert, V. A. Kalinichenko, and A. G. Slutsky
- Subjects
inductive heater ,control unit ,high speed melting ,composite materials ,macroand microstructure ,Mining engineering. Metallurgy ,TN1-997 - Abstract
Casted composite materials have found application in various branches of industrial production. However, there are still a number of problems related to the choice of optimal technology for their synthesis and the solution of which will help to achieve in practice high level of properties predicted by the theory and provide the control of interfacial interactions to enhance the stability of the structure and properties of composites. There is s need in additional research related to the development of new types of reinforcing elements, which will provide the raise in the level of performance of the composite. It is established that an important role plays not only the type of the matrix but also the chemical composition and microstructure of the reinforcing material. This would require research on optimization of technology for production of composite materials during the solid-liquid synthesis. The paper presents generalized results of experimental studies of peculiarities during the formation of composite materials on the basis of bronze and iron granules with the use of high-speed induction melting. As reinforcing phase iron granules DCHL with a diameter of about 1 mm were used.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. New elevator system constructed by multi‐translator linear switched reluctance motor with enhanced motion quality.
- Author
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Masoudi, Siamak, Mehrjerdi, Hasan, and Ghorbani, Amir
- Abstract
In this work, a new elevator system created by a linear switched reluctance motor is presented. Unlike conventional linear motors, the proposed linear motor has more than one translator. Each phase in a translator generates a pulsing force; hence, the total generated force has noticeable ripple making it difficult to soft motion. In order to solve this problem, similar phases in different translators have been located in positions with specified distances together. As a result, similar force pulses would be shifted so that they can compensate together. An appropriate control strategy has been designed for the system, which can control the current, force, speed, and position simultaneously. A conventional proportional–integral controller and an adaptive fuzzy controller have been used to control the speed. In order to have a precise study, a prototype elevator system along with its control unit has been made and the obtained results have been compared with the simulation results. These results confirm that the proposed structure can significantly produce force and speed ripples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Research on safety information terminal of household gas.
- Author
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Liu, Xun
- Subjects
HOUSEHOLDS ,GAS industry ,WIRELESS communications ,GAS leakage ,SYSTEMS design - Abstract
In this study, the important role of the household gas safety information terminal in the gas supply industry is introduced, and the necessity of studying the new type of the household gas safety information terminal is pointed out. Then, the function and specification of the terminal are introduced. The system design scheme of the terminal is described, including gas, photoelectric reading conversion device, valve, wireless communication module, pressure detection unit, gas leak detection unit, and control unit; the characteristics, functions, and performance indexes of each part of the system are described in detail. Finally, the practical application effect of the terminal is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. The Test of Traffic Control for Middle-Sized Towns Using Various Data Source
- Author
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Tichý, Tomáš, Bělinová, Zuzana, Cikhardtová, Kristýna, Růžička, Jiří, Diniz Junqueira Barbosa, Simone, Series editor, Chen, Phoebe, Series editor, Du, Xiaoyong, Series editor, Filipe, Joaquim, Series editor, Kara, Orhun, Series editor, Kotenko, Igor, Series editor, Liu, Ting, Series editor, Sivalingam, Krishna M., Series editor, Washio, Takashi, Series editor, and Mikulski, Jerzy, editor
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Types of Test Beds
- Author
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Paulweber, Michael, Lebert, Klaus, List, Helmut, Series editor, Paulweber, Michael, and Lebert, Klaus
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Software-in-the-Loop at the junction of software development and drivability calibration
- Author
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Linssen, René, Uphaus, F., Mauss, J., Bargende, Michael, editor, Reuss, Hans-Christian, editor, and Wiedemann, Jochen, editor
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Cross-domain vehicle control units in modern E/E architectures
- Author
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Haas, Waldemar, Langjahr, P., Bargende, Michael, editor, Reuss, Hans-Christian, editor, and Wiedemann, Jochen, editor
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Effective Partial Reconfiguration of Logic Controllers Implemented in FPGA Devices
- Author
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Wiśniewski, Remigiusz, Wiśniewska, Monika, Adamski, Marian, Karatkevich, Andrei, editor, Bukowiec, Arkadiusz, editor, Doligalski, Michał, editor, and Tkacz, Jacek, editor
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Cognitive Conformal Antenna Array Exploiting Deep Reinforcement Learning Method
- Author
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Cheng Jin, Qihao Lv, Raj Mittra, Binchao Zhang, and Cao Kaiqi
- Subjects
Antenna array ,Computer science ,Phased array ,Electromagnetic environment ,Conformal antenna ,Beam steering ,Control unit ,Electronic engineering ,Power dividers and directional couplers ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Phase shift module - Abstract
A cognitive antenna array, which is designed by using the Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is proposed in this paper to adapt the complex electromagnetic environment. Specifically, the phased array antenna is utilized as the manipulatable component to achieve the characteristic of beam steering with the help of the DRL algorithm. We begin by establishing a DRL-based framework, which is comprised of a microprogrammed control unit, power divider, digital phase shifter, and the patch antenna array. In the DRL algorithm, the desired beam steering is obtained through trial-and-error interactions with the environment, which is required to observe predefined rewards based on current state and action. Next, the system is trained to perform beam steering, and a set of hyper-parameters of the deep neutral network are obtained and stored for practical usage. Good agreement is achieved between the simulated and measured radiation patterns of the planar phased array antenna, which validates of the DRL-based phase distribution regulation algorithm. Finally, the algorithm is implemented in the design process of a conformal phased array antenna, and it is shown that the measured radiation performance of the array is satisfactory for different beam scan angles.
- Published
- 2022
47. IOT Based Heart Attack Detection and Alert System
- Author
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Ajitha, U, Aswathi, PA, Sasidharan, Aswathi, Salman, V A Muhammed, Anand, Vishnu, and Arvind, Asha
- Published
- 2017
48. Electronic control unit
- Author
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Kaiser, Martin, Schaefer, Ulrich, Haaf, Gerhard, Robert Bosch GmbH, and Reif, Konrad, editor
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Aotomotive networking
- Author
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Mischo, Stefan, Stuphorn, Jörn, Constapel, Rainer, Holtkamp, Heiko, Leonhardi, Alexander, Häussermann, Peter, Löchel, Norbert, Powolny, Stefan, Zündel, Hanna, Robert Bosch GmbH, and Reif, Konrad, editor
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. IEC 61850 modeling of an AGC dispatching scheme for mitigation of short-term power flow variations
- Author
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Sajid Hussain, Dai Orihara, Taha Selim Ustun, and Daisuke Iioka
- Subjects
IEC 61850 ,Automatic Generation Control ,Computer science ,Plug and play ,MMS message ,Power system communication ,Control unit ,IEC 62351-4 ,Smart grid ,Communications system ,Automotive engineering ,TK1-9971 ,Electric power system ,General Energy ,Electric power transmission ,Models of communication ,Automatic Generation Control (AGC) ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering - Abstract
High penetration of renewable energy-based generators increases variability in power systems. To prevent transmission lines from overloading due to such variations, advanced power flow management system should be developed. This paper proposes an Automatic Generation Control (AGC) design that mitigates power flow increase on heavy load lines. The developed method optimizes dispatching of control order from AGC so as not to increase power flow of these lines. This is achieved by considering how the output change of each control unit effects power flow in the system. The performance of the proposed method is examined by simulation study with 10-machine power system model. Furthermore, the communication infrastructure of the developed AGC system and its components are developed according to IEC 61850 communication standard. Operational instructions are mapped onto IEC 61850 messages. Simulations are performed with network emulators to validate the developed communication models and their operation. The benefit of the proposed communication system with IEC 61850 is achieving plug and play capability with universal models. The results of both simulations show that communication infrastructure is successfully developed and AGC prevents power flow increase in heavily loaded lines by making use of remained capacity of light loaded lines as proposed.
- Published
- 2022
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