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The commitment to free speech and academic freedom or, more comprehensively, to what Jonathan Rauch calls 'the constitution of knowledge' is not compatible with 'inclusion' as the latter is understood in administrative initiatives on its behalf. But a reconciliation comes into view once we pose the naive question: 'Inclusion in what?' The answer proffered here is: an academic community of inquirers, inclusion in which is as expansive as possible but for reasons independent of identity. Parsing the meanings of free speech and academic freedom brings the impersonal character of academic community into the foreground and clarifies the ethical demands associated with free inquiry., TABLE OF CONTENTS I. RECONCILING FREE SPEECH AND INCLUSION 959 II. FREE SPEECH VERSUS FREE EXPRESSION 961 III. THE VIRTUES OF THE CONSTITUTION OF KNOWLEDGE 963 IV. THE CONSTITUTION OF [...]

It has been said that every religious heresy proceeds from a misunderstanding of the nature of God. Something similar could be said about constitutional heresies. They proceed from a misunderstanding [...]

It is essential that each new generation understand the meaning of the United States Constitution. As Aristotle wrote long ago, 'It is useless to have the most beneficial laws, fully [...]

For the framers of the U.S. Constitution no task seemed more important than to limit and tame power. The chief reason why they established a government of divided powers and [...]

ON JULY 4, 1776, the United States of America, in declaring their independence, invoked 'the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God,' proclaimed that men are 'endowed by their Creator' [...]

Dans les discours politiques comme dans la litterature universitaire sur la construction europeenne, la derniere decennie du 20 eme siecle a ete celle de la citoyennete. Toutefois, la proliferation des theories autour de la citoyennete europeenne s'est brusquement arretee en 200 I. Ce silence chez les theoriciens europeanistes doit-il laisser conclure a une absence de developpements en matiere de citoyennete europeenne ces dernieres annees? Dans cet article, nous demontrons que la citoyennete europeenne doit etre examinee a la lumiere des developpements politiques dont l'Union a fait l'objet ces dernieres annees. La comparaison du Livre Blanc sur la gouvernance europeerme (2001) et du projet de Traite constitutionnel (2004) montre une certaine tension dans le discours institutionnel contemporain sur la citoyennete europeenne. Uarticle propose une nouvelle grille d'analyse pour apprehender cette tension et penser la citoyennete europeenne aujourd'hui; ce nouveau prisme est fonde sur la distinction entre << citoyennete de gouvernement >> et << citoyennete de gouvernance >>. In political discourse as well as scholarly research on the European Union, the last decade of the 20th century was the decade of citizenship. But, despite numerous unresolved questions, there has been a virtual silence on the matter since 2001. Does this mean that there have been no major developments in European citizenship over the past few years? The answer is clearly negative. Via a comparison of the White Paper on European Governance (2001) and the draft Constitution (2004), this article documents a certain tension in the institutional discourse about European citizenship. It proposes a new theoretical model to grasp this tension and to understand European citizenship as it is conceived nowadays. This analytic prism is based on the distinction between 'government citizenship' and 'governance citizenship.'

Abstract The present article focuses on two important decisions of the Albanian Constitutional Court that have clarified the right to a fair hearing in circumstances in which removal proceedings against [...]