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13 results on '"Conservatoire botanique national de Corse"'

1. Environmental factors driving the abundance of Philaenus spumarius in mesomediterranean habitats of Corsica (France)

Author

Marguerite Chartois, Xavier Mesmin, Ileana Quiquerez, Sabrina Borgomano, Pauline Farigoule, Éric Pierre, Jean-Marc Thuillier, Jean-Claude Streito, François Casabianca, Laetitia Hugot, Jean-Pierre Rossi, Jean-Yves Rasplus, Astrid Cruaud, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Amélioration Génétique et Adaptation des Plantes méditerranéennes et Tropicales Corse - Antenne Corse (AGAP-Corse), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Conservatoire botanique national de Corse / Office de l’environnement de la Corse, Services déconcentrés d'appui à la recherche Corse (SDAR Corse), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), This work was funded by the Collectivité Territoriale de Corse and the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 727987 XF-ACTORS., and European Project: 727987,XF-ACTORS

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract

Philaenus spumarius (Ps) is considered the main insect vector of the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) in Europe. As such, it is a key actor of the Xf pathosystem on which surveillance and management strategies could be implemented. Although research effort has increased in the past years, the ecological factors shaping Ps abundance and distribution across landscapes are still poorly known in most regions of Europe. We selected 64 plots of 500m2 in Corsican semi-natural habitats in which we sampled nymphs and adults of Ps during three years. While local or surrounding vegetation structure (low or high scrubland) had little effect on Ps abundance, we highlighted a positive relationship between Ps abundance and the density of Cistus monspeliensis in the plots. We also found larger populations of Ps in cooler and moister plots. The pattern of host association highlighted here is unique, which calls for more studies on the ecology of Ps in Europe, to help designing surveillance and management strategy for Xf.

Published
2023

2. La Liste rouge des écosystèmes en France - Les littoraux méditerranéens de France métropolitaine, Vol. 2 : côtes rocheuses, rivages de galets et graviers, Rapport technique

Author

Sauve, Alix, Ichter, Jean, Argagnon, Olivier, Bellan-Santini, Denise, Bioret, Frédéric, Cavallin, Pascal, Cottaz, Cyril, Delaugerre, Michel-Jean, Delbosc, Pauline, Dumoulin, Jérémy, Guyot, Isabelle, Hugot, Laetitia, Laffont-Schwob, Isabelle, Noble, Virgile, Petit, Yohann, Carré, Aurélien, Rossi, Magali, Gigot, Guillaume, Gaudillat, Vincent, Azam, Clémentine, Union Internationale pour la Conservation de la Nature (UICN), Conservatoire Botanique National Méditerranéen de Porquerolles, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bretagne Occidentale - UFR Sciences et Techniques (UBO UFR ST), Université de Brest (UBO), Conservatoire botanique national de Corse, Laboratoire Population-Environnement-Développement (LPED), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Patrimoine naturel (PatriNat), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Union Internationale pour la Conservation de la Nature, and Comité français de l'UICN, OFB & MNHN. Montreuil, France

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Published
2022

3. Interaction networks between spittlebugs and vegetation types in and around olive and clementine groves of Corsica; implications for the spread of Xylella fastidiosa

Author

Mesmin, Xavier, Chartois, Marguerite, Borgomano, Sabrina, Rasplus, Jean-Yves, Rossi, Jean-Pierre, Cruaud, Astrid, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Amélioration Génétique et Adaptation des Plantes méditerranéennes et Tropicales Corse - Antenne Corse (AGAP-Corse), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Conservatoire botanique national de Corse / Office de l’environnement de la Corse, This work was supported by the Collectivite Territoriale de Corse (France) and the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [Grant Agreement No. 727987 XF-ACTORS]., and European Project: 727987,XF-ACTORS

Subjects
Meadow spittlebug, Ecology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Vector-borne disease, Animal Science and Zoology, Community ecology, Agronomy and Crop Science, Phytopathogen
Abstract

International audience; The bacterium Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is a major threat to European agriculture and notably to the olive and Citrus industry. It is transmitted by xylem-feeding insects, whose plant-feeding preferences still require investigation in European agroecosystems. Here we studied olive and clementine groves of the oriental plain of Corsica. Insect-vegetation type interaction networks for nymphs and adults of xylem-feeding insects were investigated three times a year during two years in and around crops. Networks were dominated by the Philaenus spumarius - Cistus monspeliensis interaction and were similar for olive and clementine groves, despite differences in plant communities of the ground vegetation and agricultural practices. To a lesser extent, Dittrichia viscosa was also a suitable feeding plant for P. spumarius, the main vector of Xf in Europe. Neophilaenus campestris was associated with grove ground vegetation, whereas Lepyronia coleoptrata and Aphrophora alni exhibited no or weak association with any of the target vegetation types. All species occurred on olive and clementine foliage in similar low abundance. Our results suggest that soil tillage in spring would be less efficient than in Italy to control P. spumarius. Instead, removing C. monspeliensis bushes from the close vicinity of groves could reduce risk of spread of Xf to crops. Finally, conserving D. viscosa in olive groves as a biological control strategy against the olive fruit fly is rather counter-productive as it maintains populations of P. spumarius under susceptible crops. Overall, our study shows that management strategies should be designed in relation to local insect-plant interaction networks that should be investigated in both cultivated areas and their immediate environment.

Published
2022

4. Hybridization in Corsicaand Anthyllis ×gamisansii(Fabaceae) a new nothotaxon

Author

Verlaque, Régine, Delage, Alain, Baumel, Alex, Piazza, Carole, Médail, Frédéric, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conservatoire botanique national de Corse / Office de l’environnement de la Corse, and Leydet, Michelle

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, Anthyllis, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Biosystématique, Hybridation, Flore de Corse, Fabaceae
Abstract

A new nothotaxon for the genus Anthyllis L., Anthyllis ×gamisansii Delage et al. (Loteae-Fabaceae)is described and illustrated. It results from a natural hybridization between Anthyllis barba-jovis L. and A. hermanniae L.subsp. corsica Brullo & Giusso. This hybrid, located at Cap Corse (Corsica, France), is compared with its parents using a multidisciplinary approach (genetics,morphology, karyology, phenology and fertility). These plants have a general appearance of Anthyllis barba-jovis, some intermediate parental traits and numerous characters of A.hermanniae subsp. corsica.Thisnew nothotaxon adds to the long list of Corsican hybrids. The origin and the role of hybridization in insular speciation processes are discussed., Un nouveau nothotaxon du genre Anthyllis (Loteae-Fabaceae), Anthyllis ×gamisansii Delage et al. (Fabaceae) est décrit et illustré. Il résulte de l’hybridation naturelle entre A. barba-jovis L. et A. hermanniae L.subsp. corsica Brullo & Giusso. Cet hybride, localisé dans le Cap Corse (Corse, France), a été comparé à ses parents grâce à une étude combinant génétique,morphologie, caryologie, phénologie et analyse de la fertilité (graines et pollen). Les individus de cet hybride ont un aspect général d’Anthyllis barba-jovis, des traits parentaux intermédiaires et de nombreux caractères d’A. hermanniaesubsp. corsica.Ce nouveau nothotaxon enrichit la liste déjà importante des hybrides de Corse. L’origine et le rôle de l'hybridation dans les phénomènes de spéciation insulaire sont discutés.

Published
2019

5. Diversity of foliar endophytic ascomycetes in the endemic Corsican pine forests

Author

Taudiere, Adrien, Bellanger, Jean-Michel, Carcaillet, Christopher, HUGOT, Laetitia, Kjellberg, Finn, Lecanda, Aarón, Lesne, Annick, Moreau, Pierre-Arthur, Scharmann, Karin, Leidel, Sebastian, Richard, Franck, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Conservatoire botanique national de Corse, Max Planck Research Group for RNA Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (LPTMC), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Département de Botanique, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, and PRES Université Lille Nord de France

Subjects
Foliar endophyte Fungi Community ecology Metabarcoding Cyclaneusma minus Pinus nigra subsp. laricio Mediterranean Endemism Environmental sequencing, genetic structures, fungi, respiratory system, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, circulatory and respiratory physiology
Abstract

International audience; Plant leaves host species rich communities of foliar endophytic fungi (FEF). Compared to the other compartments of the plant microbiome, FEF diversity is poorly known. Here we document the com- munities of FEF associated with the endemic Corsican pine Pinus nigra subsp. laricio at three sites across its natural range and examine the effect of forest site, tree age and light exposure on FEF composition. Metabarcoding using next-generation sequencing provided 8,243,608 Ascomycota ITS2 sequences clustered into 642 FEF operational taxonomic units (OTUs). FEF communities did not differ in species richness across sites and tree cohorts, but differed in composition among forest patches and according to tree age. FEF community composition did not correlate with needle location (shade vs full light). Results are robust against the various options of the bioinformatic pipeline speci␣cally developed. This study provides the ␣rst picture of FEF diversity in a Mediterranean island and underlines the complementarity of forest massifs for fungal conservation.

Published
2018

6. Diversity of foliar endophytic ascomycetes in the endemic Corsicanpine forests

Author

Sebastian A. Leidel, Annick Lesne, Pierre-Arthur Moreau, Laetitia Hugot, Franck Richard, Aarón Lecanda, Finn Kjellberg, Adrien Taudière, Jean-Michel Bellanger, Christopher Carcaillet, Karin Scharmann, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Centre de recherche en Biologie Cellulaire (CRBM), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Bio-Archéologie et d'Ecologie (CBAE), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Conservatoire botanique national de Corse, Max Planck Research Group for RNA Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (LPTMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire de Botanique, Université de Lille-Faculté des sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre de recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Mediterranean climate, genetic structures, Pinus nigra subsp Laricio, Plant Science, Foliar endophyte, Mediterranean, Plant use of endophytic fungi in defense, Environmental sequencing, 03 medical and health sciences, Natural range, Endemism, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, Ecology, Ascomycota, biology, Host (biology), Ecological Modeling, Fungi, 15. Life on land, respiratory system, biology.organism_classification, language.human_language, 030104 developmental biology, language, Metabarcoding, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Cyclaneusma minus, Corsican, circulatory and respiratory physiology, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract

International audience; Plant leaves host species rich communities of foliar endophytic fungi (FEF). Compared to the other compartments of the plant microbiome, FEF diversity is poorly known. Here we document the communities of FEF associated with the endemic Corsican pine Pinus nigra subsp. laricio at three sites across its natural range and examine the effect of forest site, tree age and light exposure on FEF composition. Metabarcoding using next-generation sequencing provided 8,243,608 Ascomycota ITS2 sequences clustered into 642 FEF operational taxonomic units (OTUs). FEF communities did not differ in species richness across sites and tree cohorts, but differed in composition among forest patches and according to tree age. FEF community composition did not correlate with needle location (shade vs full light). Results are robust against the various options of the bioinformatic pipeline specifically developed. This study provides the first picture of FEF diversity in a Mediterranean island and underlines the complementarity of forest massifs for fungal conservation.

Published
2018

7. Drivers of fungal community composition in Corsican forests : role of perturbations and vegetation composition

Author

Adrien Taudière, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), École pratique des hautes études - EPHE PARIS, Christopher Carcaillet, Franck Richard, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Conservatoire Botanique National de Corse & Pres Hésam, EPHE, Taudiere, Adrien, STAR, ABES, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
canopy gaps, Decomposition, Champignons, Ecology, Pinus nigra subsp. laricio, Décomposition, Écologie des communautés, Fungi, Windfall, Forestry, [SDV.EE.IEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis, [SDV.MP.MYC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Mycorhizes, régime de feu, Mixed forest, Forêt mixte, Chablis, fire regime, Community ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Mycorrhiza, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract

Study of micro-organisms ecology arose recently despite its intrinsic importance -- both practical and theoretical --, but also despite its overriding role in the niches of macro-organisms. Plant-fungi interactions offer a relevant model to study the ecology of micro-organisms interacting with macro-organisms because of their considerable ecological and economical values in addition to their high taxonomic and ecological diversity. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and network analysis, we explore some drivers of fungal community composition in Corsica, at various scales and through three guilds: ectomycorrhizal, endophytic and saprotrophic fungi. We investigate the effect of disturbance (e.g. fire and treefall), environmental variables (e.g. soil depth), constraints due to the interacting plants (e.g. taxonomy) and dispersion on fungal communities. Some community assembly rules are similar across guilds. For instance, forests in different micro-regions of Corsica harbor dissimilar fungal communities. However relative importance of processes and the scales at which they occur vary across guilds. In Corsican pine forests, fifteen years after fire occurrence, soil fungal diversity is close to the level of diversity in unburnt stand. Despite the absence of effect on diversity, fire induces marked shifts in soil fungal community composition, in particular for soil saprobic fungi. We discuss the implication of this work for ecologists -- both plant and fungal ecologist -- and stakeholders., L'étude de l'écologie des micro-organismes est récente malgré son importance pratique et théorique intrinsèque mais également son rôle central dans la niche des macro-organismes. Les interactions plantes-champignons, de par leur importance socio-écologique et de leur diversité -- du mutualisme au parasitisme en passant par le commensalisme --, offrent un modèle judicieux pour étudier l'écologie des communautés de micro-organismes en interaction avec des macro-organismes. À l'aide de techniques de séquençage à haut débit (NGS) et d'analyse des réseaux, nous explorons certains déterminants de la structure des champignons des forêts corses à travers trois guildes : les champignons ectomycorhiziens, endophytiques et saprotrophes. Ce travail considère les processus de dispersion, les perturbations (feux et chablis), les facteurs environnementaux (par ex. la profondeur du sol) et les contraintes dérivées de l'interaction avec les hôtes (par ex. taxinomie). Les assemblages des communautés des différentes guildes présentent des patrons communs qui pourraient être issus de mécanismes identiques. Ainsi, l'ensemble des guildes étudiées présentent des variations fortes à l’échelle des micro-régions de Corse et entre forêts ayant des histoires de feux différentes. En revanche, l'importance des différents processus d'assemblage et les échelles spatiales auxquelles ils s'appliquent varient selon les guildes. Nous discutons des implications que suscitent ce travail pour les écologues des communautés et pour les gestionnaires d'espaces naturels.

Published
2016

8. Typologie bioclimatique de la Corse

Author

Delbosc, Pauline, Sacca, Céline, Fournier, Aurélien, Mazagol, Pierre-Olivier, Bioret, Frédéric, Christophe, Panaïotis, Etlicher, Bernard, Institut de Géoarchitecture, Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IBSHS), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO), Environnement Ville Société (EVS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Conservatoire botanique national de Corse, Société Française de Phytosociologie, Université de Brest, Mazagol, Pierre-Olivier, Environnement, Ville, Société (EVS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Cartographie, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, séries de végétation, CarHab, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, indices bioclimatiques, [SDV.BV.BOT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.EE.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, corse, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014

9. Surviving in Mountain Climate Refugia: New Insights from the Genetic Diversity and Structure of the Relict Shrub Myrtus nivellei (Myrtaceae) in the Sahara Desert

Author

Migliore, Jérémy, Baumel, Alex, Juin, Marianick, Fady, Bruno, Roig, Anne, Duong, Nathalie, Médail, Frédéric, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Recherches Forestières Méditerranéennes (URFM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Region, Conservatoire Botanique National de Corse (Office de l’Environnement de la Corse), and Conservatoire Botanique National Méditerranéen de Porquerolles

Subjects
Genotype, Altitude, lcsh:R, Genetic Variation, lcsh:Medicine, Bayes Theorem, Fresh Water, Adaptation, Physiological, Myrtus, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, Phylogeography, Africa, Northern, Multigene Family, Multivariate Analysis, lcsh:Q, Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis, Desert Climate, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, lcsh:Science, Ecosystem, Phylogeny, Research Article, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract

International audience; The identification of past glacial refugia has become a key topic for conservation under environmental change, since they contribute importantly to shaping current patterns of biodiversity. However, little attention has been paid so far to interglacial refugia despite their key role for the survival of relict species currently occurring in climate refugia. Here, we focus on the genetic consequences of range contraction on the relict populations of the evergreen shrub Myrtus nivellei, endemic in the Saharan mountains since at least the end of the last Green Sahara period, around 5.5 ka B.P. Multilocus genotypes (nuclear microsatellites and AFLP) were obtained from 215 individuals collected from 23 wadis (temporary rivers) in the three main mountain ranges in southern Algeria (the Hoggar, Tassili n'Ajjer and Tassili n'Immidir ranges). Identical genotypes were found in several plants growing far apart within the same wadis, a pattern taken as evidence of clonality. Multivariate analyses and Bayesian clustering revealed that genetic diversity was mainly structured among the mountain ranges, while low isolation by distance was observed within each mountain range. The range contraction induced by the last episode of aridification has likely increased the genetic isolation of the populations of M. nivellei, without greatly affecting the genetic diversity of the species as a whole. The pattern of genetic diversity observed here suggests that high connectivity may have prevailed during humid periods, which is consistent with recent paleoenvironmental reconstructions.

Published
2013

10. Environmental factors driving the abundance of Philaenus spumarius in mesomediterranean habitats of Corsica (France).

Author

Chartois M, Mesmin X, Quiquerez I, Borgomano S, Farigoule P, Pierre É, Thuillier JM, Streito JC, Casabianca F, Hugot L, Rossi JP, Rasplus JY, and Cruaud A

Subjects
Animals, Plant Diseases microbiology, France, Europe, Hemiptera microbiology, Xylella
Abstract

Philaenus spumarius (Ps) is considered the main insect vector of the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) in Europe. As such, it is a key actor of the Xf pathosystem on which surveillance and management strategies could be implemented. Although research effort has increased in the past years, the ecological factors shaping Ps abundance and distribution across landscapes are still poorly known in most regions of Europe. We selected 64 plots of 500m 2 in Corsican semi-natural habitats in which we sampled nymphs and adults of Ps during three years. While local or surrounding vegetation structure (low or high scrubland) had little effect on Ps abundance, we highlighted a positive relationship between Ps abundance and the density of Cistus monspeliensis in the plots. We also found larger populations of Ps in cooler and moister plots. The pattern of host association highlighted here is unique, which calls for more studies on the ecology of Ps in Europe, to help designing surveillance and management strategy for Xf., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Published
2023
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11. Convergent Morphological Evolution in Silene Sect. Italicae (Caryophyllaceae) in the Mediterranean Basin.

Author

Naciri Y, Toprak Z, Prentice HC, Hugot L, Troia A, Burgarella C, Gradaille JL, and Jeanmonod D

Abstract

Recent divergence can obscure species boundaries among closely related taxa. Silene section Italicae (Caryophyllaceae) has been taxonomically controversial, with about 30 species described. We investigate species delimitation within this section using 500 specimens sequenced for one nuclear and two plastid markers. Despite the use of a small number of genes, the large number of sequenced samples allowed confident delimitation of 50% of the species. The delimitation of other species (e.g., Silene nemoralis , S. nodulosa and S. andryalifolia ) was more challenging. We confirmed that seven of the ten chasmophyte species in the section are not related to each other but are, instead, genetically closer to geographically nearby species belonging to Italicae yet growing in open habitats. Adaptation to chasmophytic habitats therefore appears to have occurred independently, as a result of convergent evolution within the group. Species from the Western Mediterranean Basin showed more conflicting species boundaries than species from the Eastern Mediterranean Basin, where there are fewer but better-delimited species. Significant positive correlations were found between an estimation of the effective population size of the taxa and their extent of occurrence (EOO) or area of occupancy (AOO), and negative but non-significant correlations between the former and the posterior probability (PP) of the corresponding clades. These correlations might suggest a lower impact of incomplete lineage sorting in species with low effective population sizes and small distributional ranges compared with that in species inhabiting large areas. Finally, we confirmed that S. italica and S. nemoralis are distinct species, that S. nemoralis might furthermore include two different species and that S. velutina from Corsica and S. hicesiae from the Lipari Islands are sister species., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Naciri, Toprak, Prentice, Hugot, Troia, Burgarella, Gradaille and Jeanmonod.)

Published
2022
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12. Niche Differentiation at Multiple Spatial Scales on Large and Small Mediterranean Islands for the Endemic Silene velutina Pourr. ex Loisel. (Caryophyllaceae).

Author

Murru V, Farris E, Santo A, Grillo O, Piazza C, Gaio A, Bacchetta G, and Thompson JD

Abstract

The aim of this work is to investigate niche variations in endemic Silene velutina (Caryophyllaceae, Angiosperms) on Mediterranean islands that differ in size. Six populations on both large and small islands were sampled across the geographic range of the species. For each population, 10 plots (1 × 2 m, with a 25 cm grill) were randomly placed to quantify environmental (abiotic and biotic factors and disturbance) and population (demographic structure and reproductive success) parameters. Niche parameters related to substrate, plant cover, community diversity and composition and disturbance showed significant variation in relation to island size. At the regional scale, we detected a broader niche on large islands associated with spatial heterogeneity and island size. In contrast, at the local scale, populations on small islands showed a broader niche, potentially due to a release from competition (low diversity and plant cover and absence of phanerophytes). Populations on large islands had a demographic structure biased towards vegetative individuals (seedlings and juveniles) with few reproductive individuals, while those on small islands had a majority of adults. Together, the results on niche breadth and demographic structure concord with the idea of a strategy based on adult persistence on small islands.

Published
2021
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13. Responses of orchids to habitat change in Corsica over 27 years.

Author

Vogt-Schilb H, Pradel R, Geniez P, Hugot L, Delage A, Richard F, and Schatz B

Subjects
Biodiversity, France, Ecosystem, Orchidaceae physiology
Abstract

Background and Aims: Orchids are known to be particularly sensitive to environmental changes due to their narrow ranges of secondary successional habitats. Lack of data at the community level limits our ability to evaluate how traits of different species influence their responses to habitat change. Here, we used a diachronic survey of Mediterranean orchid communities in Corsica to examine this question., Methods: Using data from two field surveys conducted 27 years apart (1982-84 and 2009-11) at the same 45 sites in Corsica, we evaluated the impact of increase in woody plant cover (WPC) on (i) the richness and composition and (ii) the local extinction/colonization dynamics of orchids. We applied a Bayesian multispecies site-occupancy model to each of the 36 orchid species recorded at these sites to estimate the detection probability of each species, enabling us to account for under-detection in estimating their dynamics., Key Results: Between 1982 and 2011, WPC changed at 82·3 % of sites (increasing at 75·6 %, decreasing at 6·7 %). Despite marked changes in composition of orchid communities at the local scale, no significant change was detected in species richness at the regional scale. Canopy closure affected the probability of new colonization of sites, but had no significant influence on the probability of local extinction. However, the abundance of shade-intolerant species declined more sharply than that of shade-requiring species. Among orchid species, the detection probability was significantly and positively correlated with population density and plant height., Conclusions: This study reveals contrasted dynamics of orchid communities between local and regional scales in Corsica. Although high turnover in communities was found at the local scale, regional species richness was maintained despite major land-use changes. Conserving landscape mosaics could provide locally suitable habitats for orchids of different ecologies to maintain diversity at larger spatial scales., (© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Published
2016
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