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Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of BIOAGRO is the property of Revista BIOAGRO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Derecho de la Seguridad Social, Laborum is the property of Ediciones Laborum S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Derecho de la Seguridad Social, Laborum is the property of Ediciones Laborum S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The aim of the present research was to identify the frequency of Human Leukocyte Antigen compatibility and graft rejection in kidney transplant patients from related donors during the period from 2019 to 2022 in one of the most important tertiary medical facilities in Mexico. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used to identify the HLA compatibility of transplanted patients registered from January 1, 2019, to December 31. The included patients were young adults aged 18-45, beneficiaries of social security provide by the government who were transplanted. Results: A total of 690 patients were transplanted during the period from 2019 to 2022. The graft survival rate was 98.67%; in just four years, a total of 9 kidney transplantectomy were performed, 5 of them were transplants from unrelated relatives. Only 1 of these shared at least 2 class 1 antigens, while the rest did not share any. The related family members shared at least 1 and up to 3 class 1. In the 6-month post-transplant period, 30.25% of the patients experienced some type of renal dysfunction. Conclusion: It can be concluded that HLA compatibility is a good predictor for preventing rejection in kidney transplants from related and unrelated living donors. Efforts should be made to identify the best donor options among all future donors and explore the possibility of exchanging donors, especially unrelated living donors, among recipients on the waiting list. This is to ensure better adaptability and graft survival in patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Los barrenadores del tallo del género de Diatraea spp. (Lepidoptera:Crambidae) han sido reconocidos por ser la plaga de mayor impacto en el cultivo de caña de azúcar, en el que causan importantes pérdidas económicas. Para su control, una cepa colombiana de Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill (aislamiento Bv062) que demostró alta virulencia frente a larvas de D. saccharalis (Fabricius), fue utilizada para el desarrollo de un bioinsecticida formulado como un concentrado emulsionable (CE). Con el fin de integrar este bioinsecticida en un esquema de manejo integrado de plagas, es necesario evaluar su compatibilidad con los agroquímicos utilizados comúnmente en el cultivo de caña de azúcar. Para tal fin se evaluó el efecto in vitro de 11 agroquímicos (fungicidas, insecticidas y herbicidas) sobre la germinación y actividad insecticida de conidios formulados. Inicialmente el CE y los agroquímicos fueron ajustados al doble de la concentración recomendada y mezclados en proporción 1:1, se incubaron durante dos horas, y se determinó el porcentaje de germinación. Los conidios expuestos a los agroquímicos fueron también purificados y utilizados para un bioensayo frente a larvas de segundo instar de D. saccharalis. El CE resultó ser compatible con los herbicidas e insecticidas evaluados, manteniendo una germinación y eficacia superior al 80%. Por el contrario, el CE fue incompatible con todos los fungicidas evaluados. Estos resultados permiten sugerir recomendaciones de aplicación del bioplaguicida a base de B. bassiana Bv062, junto con insecticidas y herbicidas empleados en el cultivo de caña, pero se recomienda no aplicarlo de manera simultánea con fungicidas como el benomil y del grupo de triazoles. Se recomienda validar estos resultados en condiciones de campo.

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the in vitro vegetative compatibility among Cuban strains of the entomopathogenic fungi Lecanicillium lecanii (Zim.) Zare and Gams, Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuilleming, Isaria fumosorosea (Wise) Brown and Smith, and Metarhizium anisopliae (Mestch) Sorokin, previously selected as biological control agents for harmful insects. Compatibility was evaluated by the Dual Culture method and the percentage of inhibition of radial growth (PIRG) was determined. The type of interaction of microorganisms was classified according to the scale recommended by the literature. In the confrontation tests carried out, no projection of the hyphae of any of the species onto the other species was observed, suggesting an indirect growth inhibition through the excretion of metabolites. In the first seven days, distant mutual inhibition was observed between I. fumosorosea and the rest of the fungi evaluated and the interaction was classified as type C; the PIRG varied between 15.9 - 36.6 %. The growth of B. bassiana also showed inhibition against L. lecanii and M. anisopliae with PIRGof 10.99% and 17.6%, respectively, and the interaction was classified as type E. In the rest of the interactions, no inhibitions were observed. All fungi were compatible so that they can be applied combined with each other in insect pest management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Internacional y Comparada de Relaciones Laborales y Derecho del Empleo is the property of ADAPT University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Internacional y Comparada de Relaciones Laborales y Derecho del Empleo is the property of ADAPT University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Internacional y Comparada de Relaciones Laborales y Derecho del Empleo is the property of ADAPT University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Internacional y Comparada de Relaciones Laborales y Derecho del Empleo is the property of ADAPT University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of e-Revista Internacional de la Protección Social is the property of e-Revista Internacional de la Proteccion Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The fact that self-locating catheters have a piece of metal at the tip leads to doubt and uncertainty around performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with this type of catheter.We simulated a peritoneum with a weighted catheter to ascertain how the catheter behaved during MRI scans in 1.5 T and 3 T machines. We also reviewed cases in which MRI had been performed in patients with this type of catheter.In the simulation, the tip of the self-locating peritoneal catheter caused a magnetic susceptibility artefact that made it difficult to see nearby areas, but it proved to be a safe device for MRI. 14 MRI scans were performed in patients with self-locating catheters, none in the abdominal area. There were no complications in the patients or the technique after performing MRI. Resumen: La presencia de una pieza de metal en el extremo de los catéteres autoposicionantes provoca dudas e incertidumbres a la hora de realizar una resonancia magnética (RM) a pacientes que portan este tipo de catéter.Simulamos un peritoneo con un catéter lastrado para comprobar el comportamiento del catéter durante la realización de una resonancia en equipos 1,5 T y 3 T. Y revisamos los casos en los que se realizaron RM en pacientes con este tipo de catéter.En la simulación, la punta del catéter peritoneal autoposicionante provoca un artefacto de susceptibilidad magnética que dificulta la visión de zonas cercanas, pero se comporta como dispositivo seguro para la RM. Se realizaron 14 RM en pacientes con catéteres autoposicionantes, ninguna en la zona abdominal. No hubo complicaciones en los pacientes ni en la técnica tras la realización de RM.

En América se ha utilizado la mampostería cerámica cocida desde mediados del siglo XVIII la cual forma parte del patrimonio cultural local. La permanencia en el tiempo se debe a su técnica de construcción, calidad de materiales y mantenimiento además del efecto de los terremotos. Se presentan resultados de inspección detallada de cinco construcciones de mampostería cerámica de valor patrimonial con diferentes patologías que requieren distintas tecnologías de puesta en valor en la zona de mayor riesgo sísmico de Argentina. La metodología de estudio utilizada para las propuestas de rehabilitación incluye la modelación por elementos finitos, lo que requiere de parámetros de comportamiento de mampuestos y morteros para comprender las patologías subyacentes obtenidos de ensayos de laboratorio y monitoreo in situ. La puesta en valor debe considerar que no se presente incompatibilidad de materiales aplicando tecnologías locales.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the main characteristics of the compounds produced with cement, sand and lignocellulosic waste for the production of wood-cement compounds. Residues of Bambusa vulgaris var. vulgaris (bamboo) and Manilkara sp. (maçaranduba) were used to determine compatibility with Portland cement CP IV-32. The physical-mechanical tests were carried out in the Forestry Technology laboratories, belonging to the Forestry Science Department, at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, and the Federal University of Espírito Santo, Brazil; based on the ABCP standard, 2002. The mixture used was 1: 0,05: 3: 0,4, respectively cement, lignocellulosic, sand and water. From the hydration temperatures obtained, it was possible to establish the possibility of using Portland cement CP IV-32 in the production of cement-wood-sand-water compounds. During the determination of the degree of compatibility of the cement with the bamboo and maçaranduba, the resistance to the compression presented the most evident results for the non-structural use of the obtained compounds. The non-destructive method of stress waves proved to be an excellent tool for determining the dynamic elastic modulus of cement-wood-sand-water compounds.

Teniendo como objetivo determinar la compatibilidad de multipatrón / yema y evaluar incidencia y severidad de la antracnosis en guanábana, a nivel de vivero, se realizó la investigación en Chanchamayo, Junín. Iniciándose con la colecta de semilla de ecotipos de Annona squamosa (anona) y Annona muricata (Blanca, Amarilla, y Negra), para generar el multipatrón. Las yemas fueron extraídas de plantas madres seleccionadas provenientes de campos en producción. Se realizaron 17 injertaciones diferentes de multipatrón-yema con el método púa central en condiciones de invernadero, siendo evaluada su compatibilidad bajo el diseño BCR. Se registraron variables de porcentaje de germinación, compatibilidad multipatrón/yema y severidad de antracnosis mediante escala Logarítmica Diagramática. Los resultados determinaron que la germinación de semilla de los ecotipos Blanca (T1) y Amarılla (T4) fue de 100% y negra (T7) 74%. La injertación de patrón Blanca con yema Indalsa-063 presentó 94% de compatibilidad, generando plantas clónales BI01008; el patrón Negro con yema Indalsa-130 con 91% de compatibilidad generando plantas clónales NI02010; las otras injertaciones tuvieron valores menores del 89%, obteniendo 308 clones injertados compatibles. Los clones injertados sobre patrón de plantas nativas de Anona, Negra y Amarilla presentaron 0 % de severidad de antracnosis a los 60 días después del trasplante.

Copyright of Nefrologia is the property of Revista Nefrologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La presente información habla básicamente sobre la necesidad de nuevas formas de aprendizaje, misma que se da a partir de la necesidad de la falta de comprensión de temas en álgebra lineal. Para esto se usan sistemas eléctricos de fácil acceso que cumplen la función deseada. Los elementos a controlar son fundamentalmente: realizar la interfaz gráfica más didáctica y móvil para el aprendizaje.

El pH es un parámetro fundamental a considerarse en el momento de diseñar películas multicomponentes, debido a que interviene en la compatibilidad e interacciones que se generan entre los componentes de la matriz, determina la funcionalidad de las mismas y como se demuestra en este estudio, el pH tiene una influencia significativa en las propiedades mecánicas, fisicoquímicas y morfologías de las películas. Con ese objetivo, se sometieron películas a base de goma gellan, gelatina, caseinato de calcio, aceite de canola, glicerol, tween 80 y natamisina, a cuatro niveles de pH T1:6,6 T2:6,2 T3:5,8 T4:5,4 para evaluar y determinar la influencia del pH en las propiedades finales de las películas. Como resultado obtenido en las propiedades, se presentaron diferencias significativas (α=0,05), influenciadas por la modificación del pH, de modo que, en las películas sometidas a un pH de T4=5,4 se generó una mejor compatibilidad de los componentes, por las condiciones del medio que permitieron obtener interacciones por fuerzas electrostáticas entre los polímeros y el aceite, evidenciándose en el mejor comportamiento mecánico con una elongación de 10,6 ± 1,8%, mayor permeabilidad al vapor de agua, solubilidad de 51 ± 0,02% y un contenido de humedad de 9 ± 3,0%; a diferencia de las películas de T1, en las cuales, predominaron las interacciones a través de los enlaces de hidrógeno, afectando la permeabilidad y el comportamiento mecánico de las mismas. En películas multicomponentes a base polímeros y lípidos para garantizar mayor compatibilidad e interacciones que se reflejan en mejores propiedades mecánicas, fisicoquímicas y morfológicas entre los componentes se deben elaborar películas a pH de 5,4 o, en caso contrario, en los cuales, las propiedades deban permitir mayores interacciones entre grupos polares de los componentes utilizar pH más básicos, como pH de 6,6.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the main characteristics of the compounds produced with cement, sand and lignocellulosic waste for the production of woodcement compounds. Residues of Bambusa vulgaris var. vulgaris (bamboo) and Manllkara sp. (maçaranduba) were used to determine compatibility with Portland cement CP IV-32. The physical-mechanical tests were carried out in the Forestry Technology laboratories, belonging to the Forestry Science Department, at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, and the Federal University of Espirito Santo, Brazil; based on the ABCP standard, 2002. The mixture used was 1: 0.05: 3: 0.4, respectively cement, lignocel lulosic, sand and water. From the hydration temperatures obtained, it was possible to establish the possibility of using Portland cement CP IV-32 in the production of cement-wood-sand-water compounds. During the determination of the degree of compatibility of the cement with the bamboo and maçaranduba, the resistance to the compression presented the most evident results for the non-structural use of the obtained compounds. The non-destructive method of stress waves proved to be an excellent tool for determining the dynamic elastic modulus of cement-wood-sand-water compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En este trabajo se analiza el sistema de compatibilidades entre los roles de trabajador en relación de dependencia y jubilado y, por derivación, la posibilidad que una persona tiene de acumular en un mismo tiempo, el salario con el goce del haber previsional. Para ese estudio, se parte del sistema previsional nacional regulado en la Ley 24.241 y su paralelo de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Decreto Ley 9650/80. El objetivo del trabajo es lograr comprender las características principales de cada uno de ellos y, a la vez, construir posibles vinculaciones entre ambos. Si bien este artículo apunta más que nada al estudio de institutos de la seguridad social, conscientes de la interrelación que media entre esa rama jurídica y el derecho del trabajo, al inicio de la investigación se invierte la prevalencia y se comienza por estudiar las tipologías contractuales y la jubilación como su forma de extinción ordinaria.

Con el objetivo de evaluar dos técnicas de injerto en cacao y modificaciones de los mismos, se desarrolló una investigación en el vivero de la Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas de la Universidad de El Salvador, desde julio hasta diciembre de 2013. Para la ejecución del experimento se utilizó un diseño estadístico completamente al azar, evaluando el injerto de enchapado lateral, púa terminal y modificaciones de ambos. Las modificaciones consistieron en el uso de Parafilm®, bolsa plástica y amarrado completo como momia generando un total de siete tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones; la unidad experimental se constituyó por 10 unidades, totalizando 280 plantas de cacao. Las variables evaluadas fueron: porcentaje de prendimiento, incremento de la altura de la planta, incremento de diámetro de tallo, número de hojas, número de brotes, área foliar, peso fresco de hojas, peso seco de hojas, peso específico de hojas (PEH), grados días de desarrollo (GDD) y relación beneficio costo de la producción de las plantas. Como resultado se encontró que el mayor éxito de prendimiento del injerto fue en el tratamiento de púa terminal con envoltura a la mitad más bolsa (T4), seguido por enchapado lateral con envoltura a la mitad más bolsa (T2), siendo el testigo enchapado lateral con envoltura a la mitad sin bolsa (T1) con el menor éxito. Con respecto a los costos se demostró que enchapado lateral con envoltura a la mitad más bolsa de polietileno (T2) y púa terminal envuelto a la mitad más bolsa de polietileno (T4) son los presentaron menor costo. Finalmente se recomienda a los viveristas la utilización de estos últimos tratamientos

The purpose of this system is to satisfy the expectations and requirements of the customers of computer assembly, which is a procedure that consists on correctly placing all the parts of a computer in order such that everything works efficiently. Then, it will be able to install the operating system and other programs according to the user's needs, thus a computer selection is based on information on compatibility and assembly of computers. The information has been compiled from books, scientific papers, and based on research tools such as: surveys, interviews, for the collection of information. The development of this system serves as a tool that in the future may bring some comfort to users with little knowledge of hardware to make purchases according to the needs and customer's economy, which is an important aspect in people's daily lives. The Expert System of requirements and compatibility in assembly of computers realizes what an expert engineer in assembly of computers can do, but the system does it in a fast way and it is always available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the work is to study the mechanical properties and compatibility of binary blends obtained from polyamide 6 and polyamide 11 with a polyesteramide derived from tartaric and succinic acids with an ester content of 10 %. We have tried to obtain a new material, combining the mechanical characteristics of commercial polyamides with the degradability of polyesteramide for use with biomedical purposes, in suture threads. The blends were prepared by melting and the compatibility was evaluated by optical microscopy. The mechanical properties of these systems were obtained by tensile tests. The mechanical characteristics of the obtained blends are diminished with respect to the average value of the components, which verifies the incompatibility observed by optical microscopy; this behavior corresponds to incompatible polymer systems, which limits its use for biomedical purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objectives of the work were I) to establish the compatibility between Trichoderma asperellum Samuels et al. and Pseudomonas protegens Ramette et al. under laboratory conditions and II) to determine the efficacy of the biological products based on both organisms in controlling early blight. For the study in the field during two campaigns, plots of 27 m² were used in a non-randomized block design. Compatibility of both products was determined in the laboratory. In the field, eleven treatments were used in the first campaign, and the best ones were selected for being applied in the next campaign. In the treatments to the soil, a conidial suspension of T. asperellum strain Ta. 85 at a concentration of 7x107 CFU were applied to the soil at a rate of 8 L per treatment. In the first campaign, once the symptoms of the disease were detected, the aforementioned biofungicides, at the respective concentration of 7x107 CFU.ml-1 and 108 CFU.ml-1, were applied to the foliage at a rate of 8 L per treatment. In the second campaign, the biofungicides were applied to the foliage when the symptoms were detected and 15 days later. There was compatibility between the biological products, indicating that both can be applied together in the biological control of early blight. The treatments with T. asperellum to the soil plus the tubers plus the combination of T. asperellum and P. protegens with double applications to the foliage and T. asperellum to the soil plus the tuber plus double application of Pseudomonas to the foliage were significantly effective in reducing the disease, respecting to the control, where the latter treatment stood out. These results suggest that these products could be promising for the biological control of this pathogen in the potato crop under field conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue Generale de Droit is the property of Universite d'Ottawa, Section de Droit Civil and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumen La investigación se realizó en el Laboratorio Provincial de Sanidad Vegetal en Camagüey, en la etapa comprendida de septiembre de 2013 a septiembre de 2015, en condiciones in vitro donde se determinó la compatibilidad y capacidad antagónica frente a pesticidas usados en el arroz, de Trichoderma harzianum Rifai cepa A-34 sobre los patógenos del arroz (Bipolaris oryzae Breda de Haan, Saracladium oryzae (Sawada) w. Gams & D.Hawksworth y Magnaporthe grisea (Hebert) Barr). Las evaluaciones mediante métodos tradicionales de aislamiento microbiológico del crecimiento micelial, la esporulación y la germinación conidial del antagonista para determinar si ejerce los mecanismos de acción de antibiosis, competencia, y parasitismo ante los patógenos fúngicos se efectuaron a partir desde las 24 hasta las 216 horas empleando. Para el análisis estadístico se empleó un diseño bifactorial en el cultivo dual, además de las escalas para la determinación de la capacidad antagónica de los microorganismos. Los ingredientes activos tebuconazol + procloraz, trifloxistrobin+ ciproconazol, y epoxiconazol + kresoxim- metil, afectaron el crecimiento micelial del antagonista, por otra parte el antagonista frente a los ingredientes activos carbendazim, oxicloruro de cobre, azoxistrobina y tebuconazol + triadimenol tuvo crecimiento micelial, esporulación e interacción con los patógenos afectándose el crecimiento de los mismos a través de los mecanismos de acción de enrollamiento, penetración, granulación , y lisis celular desde las 96 hasta las 216 horas. Trichoderma harzianum Rifai compatibility with fungicides and its effect on three fungal plant rice pathogens. ABSTRACT The research was conducted at the Provincial Laboratory of Plant Protection in Camagüey, in the fall period September 2013 to September 2015, under in vitro conditions where compatibility and antagonistic capacity was determined against used in rice pesticides, Trichoderma harzianum Rifai strain A-34 on rice pathogens (Bipolaris oryzae Breda de Haan, Saracladium oryzae (Sawada) w. Gams & D.Hawksworth and Magnaporthe grisea (Hebert) Barr). Evaluations by traditional methods of microbiological isolation of mycelial growth, sporulation and conidial germination of the antagonist to determine whether to exercise the mechanisms of action of antibiosis, competition and parasitism against fungal pathogens were made from from 24 up to 216 hours. For statistical analysis, a two-factor design was used in the dual culture, plus scales for determining the ability of microorganisms antagonistic. The ingredients tebuconazole active + prochloraz, trifloxystrobin + cyproconazole, epoxiconazole + kresoxim- methyl, affected mycelial growth of the antagonist on the other hand the antagonist against the active ingredients carbendazim, copper oxychloride, azoxystrobin and tebuconazole + triadimenol had mycelial growth, sporulation and interaction with pathogens thereby affecting the growth of the same through the winding mechanisms of action, penetration, granulating, and cell lysis from 96 to 216 hours.

Este artículo cubre los diferentes aspectos de la medicina transfusional moderna, una especialidad en su propio mérito. Se discuten elementos de la cadena de abastecimiento de sangre, incluyendo la colecta, el tamizaje y la preparación de componentes, factores que afectan el manejo de inventario e influencias futuras en el abastecimiento de sangre. Un suministro de sangre seguro y suficiente depende del reclutamiento y retención de donantes voluntarios que tengan bajo riesgo de infección por agentes en la sangre y que se comprometan a donar sangre de manera regular. Las pruebas de tamizaje y la preparación de componentes actuales garantizan un alto grado de seguridad del receptor, pero no pueden detectar a todos los donantes infectados. Los enfoques modernos de pruebas pre-transfusionales en donantes y receptores, los efectos adversos de la transfusión y la hemovigilancia -así como los métodos para reducir el uso inapropiado de la sangre y las alternativas a la transfusión- son también tratados aquí.

Introduction: Prolonged intravenous infusion of beta-lactams increase the clinical cure rate compared to conventional administration in critical or septic patients. This study aimed to determine chemical stability and physical compatibility of meropenem at conditions used in clinical practice to evaluate the stability of the preparation during its administration and the possibility of anticipated preparation., Methods: Admixtures in study were: (i) meropenem 6g in 0.9% sodium chloride (NS) in infusor of 2mL/h 50mL or 10mL/h 240mL; (ii) meropenem 1 or 2g in NS in infusion bag of 250mL. Temperatures of study were: (i) infusor: 4.5°C, 32°C or 12h at 4.5°C followed by 32°C; (ii) Infusion bag: 4.5°C, 24.5°C or 6h at 4.5°C followed by 24.5°C. Time of study was 5-6 days in infusor and 1 day in infusion bag. Chemical stability was evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography and physical compatibility by measuring pH and visual inspection., Results: Chemical stability and physical compatibility of meropenem in admixtures in infusors were reduced at high meropenem concentration and high temperature. Admixtures in infusion bag show chemical stability and physical compatibility for at least 1 day., Conclusion: Administration of meropenem 6g in infusion of 24h in 240mL of 0.9% NaCl in infusor of 10mL/h could be possible if the admixture is infused at 4.5°C. Extended infusion of meropenem 1 or 2g in 0.9% NaCl in infusion bag (250mL) in 3-4h is also feasible. Anticipated preparation of the admixtures in infusion bag is possible with a stability of 24h., (Copyright © 2022 Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

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