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Summary: Teachers have a high percentage of voice problems. For voice disordered teachers, resonant voice therapy is hypothesized to reduce voice problems. No research has been done on the physiological, [...]

We examined 2 relatively healthy young girls who presented with acute red eyes and blurred vision. Each patient developed thick, inflammatory infiltrates surrounding the retinal vessels creating the appearance of frosted tree branches in both eyes. Marked inflammatory reactions with cells and flare were noted in anterior chambers. One patient even had hypopyon in both eyes. Initial visual acuity ranged from 6/6.7 to 6/60. Both patients showed rapid improvement with systemic and/or topical corticosteroid therapy, and all of the affected eyes regained a visual acuity of 6/6. The clinical appearances and courses of these two patients matched the condition previously described in Japan and labeled frosted branch angiitis. Before this article, there was only one case reported in Taiwan.

Syphilis is an uncommon cause of uveitis in HIV-infected patients. We report a case of bilateral panuveitis and describe its characteristics as the initial manifestation of HIV infection. A 74-year-old heterosexual male complained of blurred vision and floaters in both eyes for 40 days. Slit lamp examination showed diffuse keratic precipitates and cells in the anterior chamber of both eyes. Fundus examination revealed multiple small white dots and scattered retinal hemorrhage over the mid-equatorial retina with marked vitritis. Physical examination disclosed multiple erythematous papules over bilateral palms compatible with secondary syphilis. Serologic tests--the venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) test, fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) test, and Treponema pallidum hemagglutination (TPHA) test--were all positive. Aqueous fluid also showed positive FTA-ABS reaction. Under the impression of acquired secondary syphilis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot test were performed and revealed concurrent HIV infection. After intravenous administration of penicillin-G, 18 million units daily for 2 weeks, the vitritis and retinochoroiditis improved. All patients with panuveitis of unknown cause should undergo VDRL and FTA-ABS screening. Subsequent testing for HIV antibody in leutic uveitis is also mandatory.

Candida albicans is the most common pathogen causing intraocular fungal infection. Postpartum endogenous Candida endophthalmitis, however, is extremely rare. We report the case of a 33-year-old postpartum woman who presented with a 5-day history of decreased vision and had a positive blood culture for C. albicans. Fundus examination showed vitreous haze and multiple pre-retinal whitish lesions with indistinct borders. Systemic investigations revealed acute renal failure and cardiomegaly. After treatment with intravenous antifungal therapy, vitrectomy, and intravitreal injection of antimycotics, systemic and intraocular infections were eradicated successfully.