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1. First-principle calculation of birefringence effects for in-ice radio detection of neutrinos

Author

Nils Heyer and Christian Glaser

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The detection of high-energy neutrinos in the EeV range requires new detection techniques to cope with the small expected flux. The radio detection method, utilizing Askaryan emission, can be used to detect these neutrinos in polar ice. The propagation of the radio pulses has to be modeled carefully to reconstruct the energy, direction, and flavor of the neutrino from the detected radio flashes. Here, we study the effect of birefringence in ice, which splits up the radio pulse into two orthogonal polarization components with slightly different propagation speeds. This provides useful signatures to determine the neutrino energy and is potentially important to determine the neutrino direction to degree precision. We calculated the effect of birefringence from first principles where the only free parameter is the dielectric tensor as a function of position. Our code, for the first time, can propagate full RF waveforms, taking interference due to changing polarization eigenvectors during propagation into account. The model is available open-source through the NuRadioMC framework. We compare our results to in-situ calibration data from the ARA and ARIANNA experiments and find good agreement for the available time delay measurements. This indicates a significant improvement of the prediction power of birefringence effects compared to previous models. Finally, the implications and opportunities for neutrino detection are discussed.

Published
2023
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2. Toward the end-to-end optimization of particle physics instruments with differentiable programming

Author

Tommaso Dorigo, Andrea Giammanco, Pietro Vischia, Max Aehle, Mateusz Bawaj, Alexey Boldyrev, Pablo de Castro Manzano, Denis Derkach, Julien Donini, Auralee Edelen, Federica Fanzago, Nicolas R. Gauger, Christian Glaser, Atılım G. Baydin, Lukas Heinrich, Ralf Keidel, Jan Kieseler, Claudius Krause, Maxime Lagrange, Max Lamparth, Lukas Layer, Gernot Maier, Federico Nardi, Helge E.S. Pettersen, Alberto Ramos, Fedor Ratnikov, Dieter Röhrich, Roberto Ruiz de Austri, Pablo Martínez Ruiz del Árbol, Oleg Savchenko, Nathan Simpson, Giles C. Strong, Angela Taliercio, Mia Tosi, Andrey Ustyuzhanin, and Haitham Zaraket

Subjects
Particle detectors, Differentiable programming, Machine learning, Optimization, Particle physics, Nuclear physics, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The full optimization of the design and operation of instruments whose functioning relies on the interaction of radiation with matter is a super-human task, due to the large dimensionality of the space of possible choices for geometry, detection technology, materials, data-acquisition, and information-extraction techniques, and the interdependence of the related parameters. On the other hand, massive potential gains in performance over standard, “experience-driven” layouts are in principle within our reach if an objective function fully aligned with the final goals of the instrument is maximized through a systematic search of the configuration space. The stochastic nature of the involved quantum processes make the modeling of these systems an intractable problem from a classical statistics point of view, yet the construction of a fully differentiable pipeline and the use of deep learning techniques may allow the simultaneous optimization of all design parameters.In this white paper, we lay down our plans for the design of a modular and versatile modeling tool for the end-to-end optimization of complex instruments for particle physics experiments as well as industrial and medical applications that share the detection of radiation as their basic ingredient. We consider a selected set of use cases to highlight the specific needs of different applications.

Published
2023
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3. The ultra-high-energy neutrino-nucleon cross section: measurement forecasts for an era of cosmic EeV-neutrino discovery

Author

Víctor B. Valera, Mauricio Bustamante, and Christian Glaser

Subjects
Neutrino Interactions, Deep Inelastic Scattering or Small-X Physics, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract Neutrino interactions with protons and neutrons probe their deep structure and may reveal new physics. The higher the neutrino energy, the sharper the probe. So far, the neutrino-nucleon (νN) cross section is known across neutrino energies from a few hundred MeV to a few PeV. Soon, ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic neutrinos, with energies above 100 PeV, could take us farther. So far, they have evaded discovery, but upcoming UHE neutrino telescopes endeavor to find them. We present the first detailed measurement forecasts of the UHE νN cross section, geared to IceCube-Gen2, one of the leading detectors under planning. We use state-of-the-art ingredients in every stage of our forecasts: in the UHE neutrino flux predictions, the neutrino propagation inside Earth, the emission of neutrino-induced radio signals in the detector, their propagation and detection, and the treatment of backgrounds. After 10 years, if at least a few tens of UHE neutrino-induced events are detected, IceCube-Gen2 could measure the νN cross section at center-of-mass energies of s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ ≈ 10–100 TeV for the first time, with a precision comparable to that of its theory prediction.

Published
2022
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4. NuRadioReco: a reconstruction framework for radio neutrino detectors

Author

Christian Glaser, Anna Nelles, Ilse Plaisier, Christoph Welling, Steven W. Barwick, Daniel García-Fernández, Geoffrey Gaswint, Robert Lahmann, and Christopher Persichilli

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract While the radio detection of cosmic rays has advanced to a standard method in astroparticle physics, the radio detection of neutrinos is just about to start its full bloom. The successes of pilot-arrays have to be accompanied by the development of modern and flexible software tools to ensure rapid progress in reconstruction algorithms and data processing. We present NuRadioReco as such a modern Python-based data analysis tool. It includes a suitable data-structure, a database-implementation of a time-dependent detector, modern browser-based data visualization tools, and fully separated analysis modules. We describe the framework and examples, as well as new reconstruction algorithms to obtain the full three-dimensional electric field from distributed antennas which is needed for high-precision energy reconstruction of particle showers.

Published
2019
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6. Radiofrequency ice dielectric measurements at Summit Station, Greenland

Author

Juan Antonio Aguilar, Patrick Allison, Dave Besson, Abby Bishop, Olga Botner, Sjoerd Bouma, Stijn Buitink, Maddalena Cataldo, Brian A. Clark, Kenny Couberly, Zach Curtis-Ginsberg, Paramita Dasgupta, Simon de Kockere, Krijn D. de Vries, Cosmin Deaconu, Michael A. DuVernois, Anna Eimer, Christian Glaser, Allan Hallgren, Steffen Hallmann, Jordan Christian Hanson, Bryan Hendricks, Jakob Henrichs, Nils Heyer, Christian Hornhuber, Kaeli Hughes, Timo Karg, Albrecht Karle, John L. Kelley, Michael Korntheuer, Marek Kowalski, Ilya Kravchenko, Ryan Krebs, Robert Lahmann, Uzair Latif, Joseph Mammo, Matthew J. Marsee, Zachary S. Meyers, Kelli Michaels, Katharine Mulrey, Marco Muzio, Anna Nelles, Alexander Novikov, Alisa Nozdrina, Eric Oberla, Bob Oeyen, Ilse Plaisier, Noppadol Punsuebsay, Lilly Pyras, Dirk Ryckbosch, Olaf Scholten, David Seckel, Mohammad Ful Hossain Seikh, Daniel Smith, Jethro Stoffels, Daniel Southall, Karen Terveer, Simona Toscano, Delia Tosi, Dieder J. Van Den Broeck, Nick van Eijndhoven, Abigail G. Vieregg, Janna Z. Vischer, Christoph Welling, Dawn R. Williams, Stephanie Wissel, Robert Young, and Adrian Zink

Subjects
Arctic glaciology, ice physics, radio-echo sounding, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Abstract

We recently reported on the radio-frequency attenuation length of cold polar ice at Summit Station, Greenland, based on bi-static radar measurements of radio-frequency bedrock echo strengths taken during the summer of 2021. Those data also allow studies of (a) the relative contributions of coherent (such as discrete internal conducting layers with sub-centimeter transverse scale) vs incoherent (e.g. bulk volumetric) scattering, (b) the magnitude of internal layer reflection coefficients, (c) limits on signal propagation velocity asymmetries (‘birefringence’) and (d) limits on signal dispersion in-ice over a bandwidth of ~100 MHz. We find that (1) attenuation lengths approach 1 km in our band, (2) after averaging 10 000 echo triggers, reflected signals observable over the thermal floor (to depths of ~1500 m) are consistent with being entirely coherent, (3) internal layer reflectivities are ≈–60$\to$–70 dB, (4) birefringent effects for vertically propagating signals are smaller by an order of magnitude relative to South Pole and (5) within our experimental limits, glacial ice is non-dispersive over the frequency band relevant for neutrino detection experiments.

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7. MR imaging detection of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: impact of intravenous contrast administration and reader’s experience on diagnostic performance

Author

Bernd Erber, Nina Hesse, Christian Glaser, Andrea Baur-Melnyk, Sophia Goller, Jens Ricke, and Andreas Heuck

Subjects
Bursitis, Shoulder Joint, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Sensitivity and Specificity, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

Objective Correct identification of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder (ACS) has an important impact on adequate therapy. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of intravenous contrast administration and of reader’s experience on sensitivity and specificity of MRI in diagnosing ACS. Materials and methods A total of 180 patients were included in a retrospective study: 60 subjects with at least 4 of 5 clinical signs of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder and 120 patients with other shoulder diseases who underwent contrast-enhanced MRI. In a first session, only non-enhanced images and in a second session also contrast-enhanced (CE) series were independently evaluated by three radiologists with various levels of professional experience. Readers were blinded to all clinical information and had to rate the shoulder MRIs for absence or presence of adhesive capsulitis. Data analysis included McNemar’s test, t test, and U test (p Results Using non-enhanced MRI, readers achieved a mean sensitivity of 63.9% and a mean specificity of 86.4%. By additional use of CE sequences, the mean sensitivity (85.5%) and the sensitivity for each reader increased significantly (p = .046, p p p = .045) while the improvement in mean specificity was not significant. Reader’s experience had a positive effect on sensitivity and specificity, which was in part but not consistently significant. Conclusion The addition of CE sequences can significantly increase the sensitivity of MRI in the diagnosis of ACS. Reader’s experience has shown to be another important factor for the diagnostic outcome.

Published
2022

8. The 2nd competition on counter measures to 2D face spoofing attacks.

Author

Ivana Chingovska, J. Yang, Zhen Lei 0001, Dong Yi, Stan Z. Li, Olga Kähm, Christian Glaser, Naser Damer, Arjan Kuijper, Alexander Nouak, Jukka Komulainen, Tiago Freitas Pereira, Shubham Gupta, Shubham Khandelwal, Shubham Bansal, Ayush K. Rai, Tarun Krishna, Dushyant Goyal, Muhammad-Adeel Waris, Honglei Zhang, Iftikhar Ahmad 0001, Serkan Kiranyaz, Moncef Gabbouj, Roberto Tronci, Maurizio Pili, Nicola Sirena, Fabio Roli, Javier Galbally, Julian Fiérrez, Allan da Silva Pinto, Hélio Pedrini, W. S. Schwartz, Anderson Rocha 0001, André Anjos, and Sébastien Marcel

Published
2013
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12. Gekräftigt gegen Krisen

Author

Christian Glaser

Subjects
Complementary and alternative medicine, Pharmaceutical Science, Pharmacology (medical)
Published
2022

13. Three-Dimensional Software- and MR-Imaging-Based Muscle Volumetry Reveals Overestimation of Supraspinatus Muscle Atrophy Using Occupation Ratios in Full-Thickness Tendon Tears

Author

Sophia Samira Goller, Bernd Erber, Nicola Fink, Tobias Rosenkranz, Christian Glaser, Jens Ricke, and Andreas Heuck

Subjects
supraspinatus tear, muscle atrophy, tendon retraction, occupation ratio, magnetic resonance imaging, Health Information Management, Leadership and Management, Health Policy, Health Informatics
Abstract

Supraspinatus muscle atrophy is widely determined from oblique-sagittal MRI by calculating the occupation ratio. This ex vivo and clinical study aimed to validate the accuracy of 3D software- and MR-imaging-based muscle volumetry, as well as to assess the influence of the tear pattern on the occupation ratio. Ten porcine muscle specimens were volumetrized using the physical water displacement volumetry as a standard of reference. A total of 149 individuals with intact supraspinatus tendons, partial tears, and full-thickness tears had 3T MRI. Two radiologists independently determined occupation ratio values. An excellent correlation with a Pearson’s r of 0.95 for the variables physical volumetry using the water displacement method and MR-imaging-based muscle volumetry using the software was found and formed the standard of reference for the patient study. The inter-reader reliability was 0.92 for occupation ratios. The correlation between occupation ratios and software-based muscle volumes was good in patients with intact tendons (0.84) and partial tears (0.93) but considerably lower in patients with full-thickness tears (0.68). Three-dimensional-software- and MR-imaging-based muscle volumetry is reliable and accurate. Compared to 3D muscle volumetry, the occupation ratio method overestimates supraspinatus muscle atrophy in full-thickness tears, which is most likely due to the medial retraction of the myotendinous unit.

Published
2022

14. The ultra-high-energy neutrino-nucleon cross section:measurement forecasts for an era of cosmic EeV-neutrino discovery

Author

Mauricio Bustamante, Christian Glaser, and Victor Branco Valera Baca

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, MU-N, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, SIMPLIFIED VIEW, FOS: Physical sciences, BLAZARS, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Subatomär fysik, PHYSICS, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Neutrino Interactions, CHARGED-CURRENT INTERACTIONS, Subatomic Physics, SHOWERS, POMERANCHUK SINGULARITY, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Deep Inelastic Scattering or Small-X Physics
Abstract

Neutrino interactions with protons and neutrons probe their deep structure and may reveal new physics. The higher the neutrino energy, the sharper the probe. So far, the neutrino-nucleon ($\nu N$) cross section is known across neutrino energies from a few hundred MeV to a few PeV. Soon, ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic neutrinos, with energies above 100 PeV, could take us farther. So far, they have evaded discovery, but upcoming UHE neutrino telescopes endeavor to find them. We present the first detailed measurement forecasts of the UHE $\nu N$ cross section, geared to IceCube-Gen2, one of the leading detectors under planning. We use state-of-the-art ingredients in every stage of our forecasts: in the UHE neutrino flux predictions, the neutrino propagation inside Earth, the emission of neutrino-induced radio signals in the detector, their propagation and detection, and the treatment of backgrounds. After 10 years, if at least a few tens of UHE neutrino-induced events are detected, IceCube-Gen2 could measure the $\nu N$ cross section at center-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s} \approx 10-100$ TeV for the first time, with a precision comparable to that of its theory prediction., Comment: 32 pages, 21 figures, 2 tables, plus appendix and references. Fixed Fig. 15, by multiplying muon background x10 (1 years -> 10 years). Conclusions unchanged, only the figure is changed, calculations are unchanged

Published
2022

15. Toward the end-to-end optimization of particle physics instruments with differentiable programming

Author

Tommaso Dorigo, Andrea Giammanco, Pietro Vischia, Max Aehle, Mateusz Bawaj, Alexey Boldyrev, Pablo de Castro Manzano, Denis Derkach, Julien Donini, Auralee Edelen, Federica Fanzago, Nicolas R. Gauger, Christian Glaser, Atılım G. Baydin, Lukas Heinrich, Ralf Keidel, Jan Kieseler, Claudius Krause, Maxime Lagrange, Max Lamparth, Lukas Layer, Gernot Maier, Federico Nardi, Helge E.S. Pettersen, Alberto Ramos, Fedor Ratnikov, Dieter Röhrich, Roberto Ruiz de Austri, Pablo Martínez Ruiz del Árbol, Oleg Savchenko, Nathan Simpson, Giles C. Strong, Angela Taliercio, Mia Tosi, Andrey Ustyuzhanin, and Haitham Zaraket

Subjects
Optimization, Machine learning, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, General Physics and Astronomy, Particle detectors, Differentiable programming, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Astrophysics, physics.ins-det
Abstract

The full optimization of the design and operation of instruments whose functioning relies on the interaction of radiation with matter is a super-human task, due to the large dimensionality of the space of possible choices for geometry, detection technology, materials, data-acquisition, and information-extraction techniques, and the interdependence of the related parameters. On the other hand, massive potential gains in performance over standard, “experience-driven” layouts are in principle within our reach if an objective function fully aligned with the final goals of the instrument is maximized through a systematic search of the configuration space. The stochastic nature of the involved quantum processes make the modeling of these systems an intractable problem from a classical statistics point of view, yet the construction of a fully differentiable pipeline and the use of deep learning techniques may allow the simultaneous optimization of all design parameters. In this white paper, we lay down our plans for the design of a modular and versatile modeling tool for the end-to-end optimization of complex instruments for particle physics experiments as well as industrial and medical applications that share the detection of radiation as their basic ingredient. We consider a selected set of use cases to highlight the specific needs of different applications. The full optimization of the design and operation of instruments whose functioning relies on the interaction of radiation with matter is a super-human task, given the large dimensionality of the space of possible choices for geometry, detection technology, materials, data-acquisition, and information-extraction techniques, and the interdependence of the related parameters. On the other hand, massive potential gains in performance over standard, "experience-driven" layouts are in principle within our reach if an objective function fully aligned with the final goals of the instrument is maximized by means of a systematic search of the configuration space. The stochastic nature of the involved quantum processes make the modeling of these systems an intractable problem from a classical statistics point of view, yet the construction of a fully differentiable pipeline and the use of deep learning techniques may allow the simultaneous optimization of all design parameters. In this document we lay down our plans for the design of a modular and versatile modeling tool for the end-to-end optimization of complex instruments for particle physics experiments as well as industrial and medical applications that share the detection of radiation as their basic ingredient. We consider a selected set of use cases to highlight the specific needs of different applications.

Published
2022

16. High-Energy and Ultra-High-Energy Neutrinos: A Snowmass White Paper

Author

Markus Ackermann, Mauricio Bustamante, Lu Lu, Nepomuk Otte, Mary Hall Reno, Stephanie Wissel, Sanjib K. Agarwalla, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Rafael Alves Batista, Carlos A. Argüelles, Brian A. Clark, Austin Cummings, Sudipta Das, Valentin Decoene, Peter B. Denton, Damien Dornic, Zhan-Arys Dzhilkibaev, Yasaman Farzan, Alfonso Garcia, Maria Vittoria Garzelli, Christian Glaser, Aart Heijboer, Jörg R. Hörandel, Giulia Illuminati, Yu Seon Jeong, John L. Kelley, Kevin J. Kelly, Ali Kheirandish, Spencer R. Klein, John F. Krizmanic, Michael J. Larson, Kohta Murase, Ashish Narang, Remy L. Prechelt, Steven Prohira, Elisa Resconi, Marcos Santander, Victor B. Valera, Justin Vandenbroucke, Olga Vasil'evna Suvorova, Lawrence Wiencke, Shigeru Yoshida, Tianlu Yuan, Enrique Zas, Pavel Zhelnin, Bei Zhou, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Yosuke Ashida, Mahdi Bagheri, Aswathi Balagopal, Vedant Basu, James Beatty, Keith Bechtol, Nicole Bell, Abigail Bishop, Julia Book, Anthony Brown, Alexander Burgman, Michael Campana, Nhan Chau, Thomas Y. Chen, Alan Coleman, Amy Connolly, Janet M. Conrad, Pablo Correa, Cyril Creque-Sarbinowski, Zachary Curtis-Ginsberg, Paramita Dasgupta, Simon De Kockere, Krijn de Vries, Cosmin Deaconu, Abhishek Desai, Tyce DeYoung, Armando di Matteo, Dominik Elsaesser, Phillip Fürst, Kwok Lung Fan, Anatoli Fedynitch, Derek Fox, Erik Ganster, Martin Ha Minh, Christian Haack, Steffen Hallman, Francis Halzen, Andreas Haungs, Aya Ishihara, Eleanor Judd, Timo Karg, Albrecht Karle, Teppei Katori, Alina Kochocki, Claudio Kopper, Marek Kowalski, Ilya Kravchenko, Naoko Kurahashi, Mathieu Lamoureux, Hermes León Vargas, Massimiliano Lincetto, Qinrui Liu, Jim Madsen, Yuya Makino, Joseph Mammo, Zsuzsa Marka, Eric Mayotte, Kevin Meagher, Maximilian Meier, Lino Miramonti, Marjon Moulai, Katharine Mulrey, Marco Muzio, Richard Naab, Anna Nelles, William Nichols, Alisa Nozdrina, Erin O'Sullivan, Vivian OD́ell, Jesse Osborne, Vishvas Pandey, Ek Narayan Paudel, Alex Pizzuto, Mattias Plum, Carlos Pobes Aranda, Lilly Pyras, Christoph Raab, Zoe Rechav, Juan Rojo, Oscar Romero Matamala, Pierpaolo Savina, Frank Schroeder, Lisa Schumacher, Sergio Sciutto, Stephen Sclafani, Mohammad Ful Hossain Seikh, Manuel Silva, Rajeev Singh, Daniel Smith, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Robert Wayne Springer, Juliana Stachurska, Olga Suvorova, Ignacio Taboada, Simona Toscano, Matias Tueros, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, Nick van Eijndhoven, Péter Veres, Abigail Vieregg, Winnie Wang, Nathan Whitehorn, Walter Winter, Emre Yildizci, Shiqi Yu, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Elementary Particle Physics, and Physics

Subjects
Astrophysics and Astronomy, neutrino: energy: high, Astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Baikal, WIMP: dark matter, neutrino: flux, IceCube, neutrino: decay, neutrino: energy, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], neutrino: supernova, numerical calculations, KM3NeT, Particle Physics - Phenomenology, astro-ph.HE, new physics, hep-ex, ANITA, Astronomy and Astrophysics, hep-ph, neutrino: UHE, neutrino: propagation, neutrino: detector, Space and Planetary Science, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Astrophysical neutrinos are excellent probes of astroparticle physics and high-energy physics. With energies far beyond solar, supernovae, atmospheric, and accelerator neutrinos, high-energy and ultra-high-energy neutrinos probe fundamental physics from the TeV scale to the EeV scale and beyond. They are sensitive to physics both within and beyond the Standard Model through their production mechanisms and in their propagation over cosmological distances. They carry unique information about their extreme non-thermal sources by giving insight into regions that are opaque to electromagnetic radiation. This white paper describes the opportunities astrophysical neutrino observations offer for astrophysics and high-energy physics, today and in coming years. Astrophysical neutrinos are excellent probes of astroparticle physics and high-energy physics. With energies far beyond solar, supernovae, atmospheric, and accelerator neutrinos, high-energy and ultra-high-energy neutrinos probe fundamental physics from the TeV scale to the EeV scale and beyond. They are sensitive to physics both within and beyond the Standard Model through their production mechanisms and in their propagation over cosmological distances. They carry unique information about their extreme non-thermal sources by giving insight into regions that are opaque to electromagnetic radiation. This white paper describes the opportunities astrophysical neutrino observations offer for astrophysics and high-energy physics, today and in coming years.

Published
2022

17. Searching for VHE gamma-ray emission associated with IceCube neutrino alerts using FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS

Author

Konstancja, Satalecka, Acciari, Victor A., Stefano, Ansoldi, Lucio Angelo Antonelli, Axel Arbet Engels, Manuel, Artero, Katsuaki, Asano, Dominik, Baack, Ana, Babic, Andr('(e))s, Baquero, Ulisses Barres de Almeida, Juan Abel Barrio, Ivana, Batkovi('(c)), Josefa Becerra Gonzalez, Wlodek, Bednarek, Lorenzo, Bellizzi, Elisa, Bernardini, Maria-Isabel, Bernardos, Alessio, Berti, Jürgen, Besenrieder, Wrijupan, Bhattacharyya, Ciro, Bigongiari, Adrian, Biland, Oscar, Blanch, Hendrik, Bökenkamp, Giacomo, Bonnoli, Zeljka, Bosnjak, Giovanni, Busetto, Roberto, Carosi, Giovanni, Ceribella, Matteo, Cerruti, Yating, Chai, Ashot, Chilingarian, Stefan, Cikota, Sidika Merve Colak, Eduardo, Colombo, Jose Luis Contreras, Juan, Cortina, Stefano, Covino, Giacomo D( extquotesingle)Amico, Valerio D( extquotesingle)Elia, Paolo Da Vela, Francesco, Dazzi, Alessandro De Angelis, Barbara De Lotto, Manuel, Delfino, Jordi, Delgado, Carlos Delgado Mendez, Davide, Depaoli, Federico Di Pierro, Leonardo Di Venere, Elia Do Souto Espi(~(n))eira, Dijana Dominis Prester, Alice, Donini, Daniela, Dorner, Michele, Doro, Dominik, Elsaesser, Vandad Fallah Ramazani, Alicia, Fattorini, Maria Victoria Fonseca, Lluis, Font, Christian, Fruck, Satoshi, Fukami, Yasushi, Fukazawa, Garc('(i))a L('(o))pez, Ramon J., Markus, Garczarczyk, Sargis, Gasparyan, Markus, Gaug, Giglietto, Nicola, Francesco, Giordano, Pawel, Gliwny, Nikola, Godinovic, David, Green, Jarred Gershon Green, Daniela, Hadasch, Alexander, Hahn, Lea, Heckmann, Javier, Herrera, John, Hoang, Dario, Hrupec, Moritz, Hütten, Tomohiro, Inada, Kazuma, Ishio, Yuki, Iwamura, Irene Jim('(e))nez Mart('(i))nez, Jenni, Jormanainen, L('(e))a, Jouvin, Marie, Karjalainen, Daniel, Kerszberg, Yukiho, Kobayashi, Hidetoshi, Kubo, Junko, Kushida, Alessandra, Lamastra, Damir, Lelas, Francesco, Leone, Elina, Lindfors, Lena, Linhoff, Saverio, Lombardi, Francesco, Longo, Ruben, Lopez-Coto, Marcos, L('(o))pez-Moya, Alicia, L('(o))pez-Oramas, Loporchio, Serena, Bernardo Machado de Oliveira Fraga, Camilla, Maggio, Pratik, Majumdar, Martin, Makariev, Manuela, Mallamaci, Galina, Maneva, Marina, Manganaro, Karl, Mannheim, Laura, Maraschi, Mos(`(e)), Mariotti, Manel, Martinez, Daniel, Mazin, Stefano, Menchiari, Simone, Mender, Sa( (s))a Mi('(c))anovi('(c)), Davide, Miceli, Tjark, Miener, Jose Miguel Miranda, Razmik, Mirzoyan, Edgar, Molina, Abelardo, Moralejo, Daniel, Morcuende, Victoria, Moreno, Elena, Moretti, Takeshi, Nakamori, Lara, Nava, Vitaly, Neustroev, Cosimo, Nigro, Kari, Nilsson, Kyoshi, Nishijima, Koji, Noda, Seiya, Nozaki, Yoshiki, Ohtani, Tomohiko, Oka, Jorge, Otero-Santos, Simona, Paiano, Michele, Palatiello, David, Paneque, Riccardo, Paoletti, Paredes, Josep M., Lovro, Pavleti('(c)), Pablo, Pe(~(n))il, Massimo, Persic, Marine, Pihet, Pier Giorgio Prada Moroni, Elisa, Prandini, Chaitanya, Priyadarshi, Ivica, Puljak, Wolfgang, Rhode, Marc, Rib('(o)), Javier, Rico, Chiara, Righi, Andrea, Rugliancich, Narek, Sahakyan, Takayuki, Saito, Shunsuke, Sakurai, Francesco Gabriele Saturni, Bernd, Schleicher, Kevin, Schmidt, Thomas, Schweizer, Julian, Sitarek, Iva, ( (S))nidari('(c)), Dorota, Sobczy('(n))ska, Alessia, Spolon, Antonio, Stamerra, Jelena Stri( (s))kovi('(c)), Derek, Strom, Marcel, Strzys, Yusuke, Suda, Tihomir, Suri('(c)), Mitsunari, Takahashi, Ryuji, Takeishi, Fabrizio, Tavecchio, Petar, Temnikov, Tomislav, Terzic, Masahiro, Teshima, Luca, Tosti, Stefano, Truzzi, Antonio, Tutone, Santiago, Ubach, Juliane van Scherpenberg, Gaia, Vanzo, Monica VAZQUEZ ACOSTA, Sofia, Ventura, Vassil, Verguilov, Carlo Francesco Vigorito, Vincenzo, Vitale, Ievgen, Vovk, Martin, Will, Carolin, Wunderlich, Tokonatsu, Yamamoto, Darko, Zari('(c)), Matteo, Balbo, Thomas, Bretz, Jens, Buss, Laura, Eisenberger, Dorothee, Hildebrand, Roman, Iotov, Adelina, Kalenski, Dominik, Neise, Maximilian, Noethe, Aleksander, Paravac, Vitalii, Sliusar, Roland, Walter, Rasha, Abbasi, Markus, Ackermann, Jenni, Adams, Juanan, Aguilar, Ahlers, M., Maryon, Ahrens, Cyril Martin Alispach, Antonio Augusto Alves Junior, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, Rui, An, Karen, Andeen, Tyler, Anderson, Gisela, Anton, Carlos, Arguelles, Yosuke, Ashida, Spencer, Axani, Xinhua, Bai, Aswathi Balagopal, V., Anastasia Maria Barbano, Barwick, S. W., Benjamin, Bastian, Vedant, Basu, Sebastian, Baur, Bay, R. C., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H., Julia Becker Tjus, Chiara, Bellenghi, Segev, Benzvi, Berley, D., Besson, D. Z., Gary, Binder, Daniel, Bindig, Blaufuss, E., Summer, Blot, Matthias, Boddenberg, Federico, Bontempo, Jurgen, Borowka, Boser, S., Olga, Botner, Jakob, Bottcher, Etienne, Bourbeau, Federica, Bradascio, Braun, J., Stephanie, Bron, Jannes, Brostean-Kaiser, Sally-Ann, Browne, Alexander, Burgman, Ryan, Burley, Raffaela, Busse, Michael, Campana, Erin, Carnie-Bronca, Chujie, Chen, Dmitry, Chirkin, Koun, Choi, Bryanlee, Clark, Kenneth, Clark, Lew, Classen, Alan, Coleman, Gabriel, Collin, Conrad, J. M., Paul, Coppin, Pablo, Correa, Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Christian, Dappen, Pranav, Dave, Catherine DE CLERCQ, James, Delaunay, Hans, Dembinski, Kunal, Deoskar, Sam De Ridder, Abhishek, Desai, Paolo, Desiati, Krijn de Vries, Gwenhaël de Wasseige, Meike De With, Tyce, Deyoung, Sukeerthi, Dharani, Alejandro, Diaz, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Markus, Dittmer, Hrvoje, Dujmovic, Matt, Dunkman, Michael, Duvernois, Emily, Dvorak, Thomas, Ehrhardt, Philipp, Eller, Ralph, Engel, Hannah, Erpenbeck, John, Evans, Evenson, P. A., Kwok Lung Fan, Fazely, A. R., Sebastian, Fiedlschuster, Aaron, Fienberg, Kirill, Filimonov, Chad, Finley, Leander, Fischer, Derek, B Fox, Anna, Franckowiak, Elizabeth, Friedman, Alexander, Fritz, Philipp, Furst, Gaisser, T. K., Jay, Gallagher, Erik, Ganster, Alfonso, Garcia, Simone, Garrappa, Gerhardt, L., Ava, Ghadimi, Christian, Glaser, Theo, Glauch, Thorsten, Glusenkamp, Goldschmidt, A., Javier, Gonzalez, Sreetama, Goswami, Darren, Grant, Timoth('(e))e, Gr('(e))goire, Spencer, Griswold, Mehmet, Gunduz, Christoph, Günther, Christian, Haack, Allan, Hallgren, Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Martin Ha Minh, Kael, Hanson, John, Hardin, Harnisch, Alexander A., Andreas, Haungs, Simon, Hauser, Dustin, Hebecker, Helbing, K., Felix, Henningsen, Hettinger, Emma C., Stephanie, Hickford, Joshua, Hignight, Colton, Hill, Hill, G. C., Kara, Hoffman, Ruth, Hoffmann, Tobias, Hoinka, Benjamin, Hokanson-Fasig, Hoshina, K., Feifei, Huang, Matthias, Huber, Thomas, Huber, Klas, Hultqvist, Mirco, Hunnefeld, Raamis, Hussain, Seongjin, In, Nad(`(e))ge, Iovine, Aya, Ishihara, Matti, Jansson, George, Japaridze, Minjin, Jeong, Ben, Jones, Donghwa, Kang, Woosik, Kang, Xinyue, Kang, Alexander, Kappes, David, Kappesser, Timo, Karg, Martina, Karl, Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Moritz, Kellermann, Kelley, J. L., Ali, Kheirandish, Ken( extquotesingle)ichi Kin, Thomas, Kintscher, Joanna, Kiryluk, Spencer, Klein, Ramesh, Koirala, Hermann, Kolanoski, Tomas, Kontrimas, Lutz, Kopke, Claudio, Kopper, Sandro, Kopper, Koskinen, D. J., Paras, Koundal, Michael, Kovacevich, Marek, Kowalski, Tetiana, Kozynets, Emma, Kun, Naoko, Kurahashi, Neha, Lad, Cristina Lagunas Gualda, Justin, Lanfranchi, Michael, J Larson, Frederik Hermann Lauber, Jeffrey, Lazar, Jiwoong, Lee, Kayla, Leonard, Agnieszka, Leszczy('(n))ska, Yijia, Li, Massimiliano, Lincetto, Qinrui, Liu, Maria, Liubarska, Elisa, Lohfink, Cristian Jesus Lozano Mariscal, Lu, Lu, Francesco, Lucarelli, Andrew, Ludwig, William, Luszczak, Yang, Lyu, Wing Yan Ma, James, Madsen, Kendall, Mahn, Yuya, Makino, Sarah, Mancina, Ioana Codrina Maris, Maruyama, Reina H., Mase, K., Thomas, Mcelroy, Frank, Mcnally, James Vincent Mead, Meagher, K., Andres, Medina, Maximilian, Meier, Stephan, Meighen-Berger, Jessie, Micallef, Daniela, Mockler, Teresa, Montaruli, Roger, Moore, Morse, R., Marjon, Moulai, Richard, Naab, Ryo, Nagai, Uwe, Naumann, Jannis, Necker, Le Viet Nguyen, Hans, Niederhausen, Mehr, Nisa, Sarah, Nowicki, Dave, Nygren, Anna Obertacke Pollmann, Marie, Oehler, Olivas, A., Erin O( extquotesingle)Sullivan, Hershal, Pandya, Daria, Pankova, Nahee, Park, Grant, Parker, Ek Narayan Paudel, Larissa, Paul, Carlos Perez de los Heros, Lilly, Peters, Saskia, Philippen, Damian, Pieloth, Sarah, Pieper, Martin, Pittermann, Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Yuiry, Popovych, Alessio, Porcelli, Maria Prado Rodriguez, Buford Price, P., Brandom, Pries, Gerald, Przybylski, Christoph, Raab, Amirreza, Raissi, Mohamed, Rameez, Rawlins, K., Immacolata Carmen Rea, Abdul, Rehman, Ren('(e)), Reimann, Giovanni, Renzi, Elisa, Resconi, Simeon, Reusch, Mike, Richman, Benedikt, Riedel, Ella, Roberts, Sally, Robertson, Gerrit, Roellinghoff, Martin, Rongen, Carsten, Rott, Tim, Ruhe, Dirk, Ryckbosch, Devyn Rysewyk Cantu, Ibrahim, Safa, Julian, Saffer, Sebastian Sanchez Herrera, Alexander, Sandrock, Joakim, Sandroos, Marcos, Santander, Subir, Sarkar, Sourav, Sarkar, Maximilian Karl Scharf, Merlin, Schaufel, Harald, Schieler, Sebastian, Schindler, Schlunder, P., Torsten, Schmidt, Austin, Schneider, Judith, Schneider, Schröder, Frank G., Lisa Johanna Schumacher, Georg, Schwefer, Steve, Sclafani, Seckel, D., Surujhdeo, Seunarine, Ankur, Sharma, Shefali, Shefali, Manuel, Silva, Barbara, Skrzypek, Ben, Smithers, Robert, Snihur, Jan, Soedingrekso, Dennis, Soldin, Christian, Spannfellner, Glenn, Spiczak, Christian, Spiering, Juliana, Stachurska, Michael, Stamatikos, Stanev, T., Robert, Stein, Joeran, Stettner, Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Timo, Sturwald, Thomas, Stuttard, Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Frederik, Tenholt, Samvel, Ter-Antonyan, Tilav, S., Franziska, Tischbein, Kirsten, Tollefson, Christoph, Tönnis, Simona, Toscano, Delia, Tosi, Alexander, Trettin, Maria, Tselengidou, Chunfai, Tung, Andrea, Turcati, Roxanne, Turcotte, Colin, Turley, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, Bunheng, Ty, Martin Unland Elorrieta, Nora, Valtonen-Mattila, Justin, Vandenbroucke, Nick van Eijndhoven, David, Vannerom, Jakob van Santen, Stef, Verpoest, Matthias, Vraeghe, Walck, C., Timothyblake, Watson, Chris, Weaver, Philip, Weigel, Andreas, Weindl, Matthew, Weiss, Jan, Weldert, Chris, Wendt, Johannes, Werthebach, Mark, Weyrauch, Nathan, Whitehorn, Wiebusch, C. H., Dawn, Williams, Martin, Wolf, Kurt, Woschnagg, Gerrit, Wrede, Johan, Wulff, Xianwu, Xu, Yiqian, Xu, Juan Pablo Yanez, Yoshida, S., Shiqi, Yu, Tianlu, Yuan, Zelong, Zhang, Weidong, Jin, Hassan, Abdalla, Felix, Aharonian, Faical, Ait-Benkhali, Oguzhan, Anguener, Cornelia, Arcaro, Celine, Armand, Tom, Armstrong, Halim, Ashkar, Michael, Backes, Vardan, Baghmanyan, Victor Barbosa Martins, Anna, Barnacka, Monica, Barnard, Rowan, Batzofin, Yvonne, Becherini, David, Berge, Konrad, Bernlöhr, Baiyang, Bi, Markus, Boettcher, Catherine, Boisson, Julien, Bolmont, Mathieu de Bony, Mischa, Breuhaus, Robert, Brose, Francois, Brun, Tomasz, Bulik, Thomas, Bylund, Floriane, Cangemi, Sami, Caroff, Sabrina, Casanova, Jaqueline, Catalano, Pauline, Chambery, Tej Bahadur Chand, Andrew, Chen, Garret, Cotter, Malgorzata, Curlo, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Isak Delberth Davids, James, Davies, Justine, Devin, Arache, Djannati-Ataï, Anton, Dmytriiev, Axel, Donath, Victor, Doroshenko, Lente, Dreyer, Louis Du Plessis, Connor, Duffy, Kathrin, Egberts, Sabrina, Einecke, Gabriel, Emery, Jean-Pierre, Ernenwein, Steven, Fegan, Kirsty, Feijen, Armand, Fiasson, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Gerard, Fontaine, Lott, Frans, Matthias, Fuessling, Stefan, Funk, Stefano, Gabici, Yves, Gallant, Shahede, Ghafourizade, Gianluca, Giavitto, Luca, Giunti, Dorit, Glawion, Jean-Francois, Glicenstein, Marie-H('(e))l(`(e))ne, Grondin, Sumari, Hattingh, Maria, Haupt, German, Hermann, Jim, Hinton, Werner, Hofmann, Clemens, Hoischen, Tim, Holch, Markus, Holler, Dieter, Horns, Zhiqiu, Huang, David, Huber, Mario, Hörbe, Marek, Jamrozy, Felix, Jankowsky, Vikas, Joshi, Ira, Jung, Eli, Kasai, Krzysztof, Katarzynski, Ul(`(i)), Katz, Dmitry, Khangulyan, Bruno, Khelifi, Stefan, Klepser, Wlodek, Kluzniak, Nukri, Komin, Ruslan, Konno, Karl, Kosack, Dmitriy, Kostunin, Michael, Kreter, Ga( (s))per Kukec Mezek, Anu, Kundu, Giovanni, Lamanna, S('(e))bastien Le Stum, Anne, Lemiere, Marianne, Lemoine-Goumard, Jean-Philippe, Lenain, Fabian, Leuschner, Christelle, Levy, Thomas, Lohse, Anna, Luashvili, Iryna, Lypova, Jonathan, Mackey, Jhilik, Majumdar, Denys, Malyshev, Dmitry, Malyshev, Vincent, Marandon, Paolo, Marchegiani, Alexandre, Marcowith, Arnaud, Mares, Guillem Marti( extquotesingle)i-Devesa, Ramin, Marx, Gilles, Maurin, Pieter, Meintjes, Manuel, Meyer, Alison, Mitchell, Rafal, Moderski, Lars, Mohrmann, Alessandro, Montanari, Chris, Moore, Paul, Morris, Emmanuel, Moulin, Jacques, Muller, Thomas, Murach, Kaori, Nakashima, Mathieu Naurois (de), Amid, Nayerhoda, Hambeleleni, Ndiyavala, Jacek, Niemiec, Angel, Noel, Paul O( extquotesingle)Brien, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Stefan, Ohm, Laura, Olivera-Nieto, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi (de), Michal, Ostrowski, Sebastian, Panny, Michael, Panter, Dan, Parsons, Giada, Peron, Santiago, Pita, Vincent, Poireau, Dmitry, Prokhorov, Heike, Prokoph, Gerd, Puehlhofer, Michael, Punch, Andreas, Quirrenbach, Patrick, Reichherzer, Anita, Reimer, Olaf, Reimer, Quentin, Remy, Matthieu, Renaud, Brian, Reville, Frank, Rieger, Carlo, Romoli, Gavin, Rowell, Bronislaw, Rudak, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Vardan, Sahakian, Simon, Sailer, Heiko, Salzmann, David, Sanchez, Andrea, Santangelo, Manami, Sasaki, Johannes, Schaefer, Hester, Schutte, Ullrich, Schwanke, Fabian, Schüssler, Mohanraj, Senniappan, Albert, Seyffert, Shapopi, Jimmy N. S., Kleopas, Shiningayamwe, Rachel, Simoni, Atreyee, Sinha, Helene, Sol, Hugh, Spackman, Andreas, Specovius, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Marion, Spir-Jacob, Lukasz, Stawarz, Riaan, Steenkamp, Christian, Stegmann, Simon, Steinmassl, Constantin, Steppa, Lei, Sun, Tadayuki, Takahashi, Takaaki, Tanaka, Thomas, Tavernier, Andrew, Taylor, Regis, Terrier, Hannes, Thiersen, Charles, Thorpe-Morgan, Martin, Tluczykont, Lenka, Tomankova, Michelle, Tsirou, Naomi, Tsuji, Richard, Tuffs, Yasunobu, Uchiyama, Johann van der Walt, Christopher van Eldik, Carlo van Rensburg, Brian van Soelen, George, Vasileiadis, Johannes, Veh, Christo, Venter, Pascal, Vincent, Jacco, Vink, Völk, Heinrich J., Stefan, Wagner, Jason John Watson, Felix, Werner, Richard, White, Alicja, Wierzcholska, Yu Wun Wong, Hend, Yassin, Anke, Yusafzai, Michael, Zacharias, Roberta, Zanin, Davit, Zargaryan, Andrzej, Zdziarski, Andreas, Zech, Sylvia, Zhu, Andreas, Zmija, Samuel, Zouari, Natalia, Zywucka, The FACT Collaboration, The H.E.S.S. Collaboration, The IceCube Collaboration, The MAGIC Collaboration, The VERITAS Collaboration, and Współautorami artykułu są członkowie Magic Collaboration, IceCube Collaboration, FACT Collaboration, H.E.S.S. Collaboration, VERITAS Collaboration w liczbie 808

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Point source, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, IACT, Astrophysics, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Telescope, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), law, HESS - Abteilung Hinton, ddc:530, High Energy Physics::Experiment, MAGIC (telescope), Neutrino, Blazar, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The realtime follow-up of neutrino events is a promising approach to search for astrophysical neutrino sources. It has so far provided compelling evidence for a neutrino point source: the flaring gamma-ray blazar TXS 0506+056 observed in coincidence with the high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A detected by IceCube. The detection of very-high-energy gamma rays (VHE, $\mathrm{E} > 100\,\mathrm{GeV}$) from this source helped establish the coincidence and constrained the modeling of the blazar emission at the time of the IceCube event. The four major imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope arrays (IACTs) - FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS - operate an active follow-up program of target-of-opportunity observations of neutrino alerts sent by IceCube. This program has two main components. One are the observations of known gamma-ray sources around which a cluster of candidate neutrino events has been identified by IceCube (Gamma-ray Follow-Up, GFU). Second one is the follow-up of single high-energy neutrino candidate events of potential astrophysical origin such as IceCube-170922A. GFU has been recently upgraded by IceCube in collaboration with the IACT groups. We present here recent results from the IACT follow-up programs of IceCube neutrino alerts and a description of the upgraded IceCube GFU system., Presented at the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021). See arXiv:2107.06966 for all IceCube contributions. See arXiv:2108.05257 for all H.E.S.S. contributions

Published
2022

31. Exkurs: Von schwarzen Schwänen und anderen Exoten

Author

Christian Glaser

Abstract

Die Methoden des Risikomanagements, insbesondere die sehr starke Mathematisierung und das Ausblenden von fundierten okonomischen Interpretationen, werden immer wieder kritisiert. Im Mittelpunkt stehen hierbei zumeist methodische Schwachen der Modelle zur Quantifizierung, speziell bezuglich der Vorhersagegute der Risiken. Sicherlich wurden in den letzten Jahren zahlreiche Fortschritte in der Risikomodellierung gemacht. Man muss sich hierzu nur einmal die Moglichkeiten von relativ jungen Methoden wie Heavy-Tailed-Verteilungen, Modellen mit variabler Volatilitat wie GARCH-Prozesse oder auch Abhangigkeitsmodellierungen uber Copulas vor Augen fuhren und dies mit den einfachen Modellen der Normalverteilung und konstanten Variablen vergleichen. Dann lasst sich bereits erahnen, dass viele Modelle deutlich realitatsnaher geworden sind. Trotzdem tauschen nicht wenige Modelle den Anwendern aber auch heute noch vor, sie hatten alles im Griff.

Published
2022

33. Glossar

Author

Christian Glaser

Published
2022

34. Exkurs: Risikomanagement in anderen Branchen

Author

Christian Glaser

Abstract

Das Risikomanagement in anderen Branchen weist zwar gewisse Ahnlichkeiten, aber mindestens auch genauso viele unterschiedliche Instrumente und Methoden zum Risikomanagement in der Leasing- bzw. Finanzdienstleistungsbranche auf. Dies hangt sicherlich auch damit zusammen, dass der Eintritt eines Risikoereignisses mit sehr gravierenden, ernsthaften Folgen fur Leib und Leben der Beteiligten verbunden sein kann. Zu nennen waren in diesem Zusammenhang etwa die „Hochsicherheitsindustrien“ der Brandbekampfung, die Luft- und Raumfahrt oder auch die Pharmaindustrie. Diese Beispiele wiederum machen deutlich, dass das Verhaltnis von Chancen und Risiken deshalb je nach Branche sehr stark variieren kann.

Published
2022

37. Steuerung der Risiken

Author

Christian Glaser

Abstract

Die Steuerung der Risiken nimmt eine Schlusselrolle im gesamten Risikomanagementprozess einer Leasinggesellschaft ein. So ist es die Aufgabe der Risikosteuerung, die in der Risikoanalyse ermittelten und bewerteten Risikopositionen des Unternehmens aktiv zu beeinflussen, beispielsweise unter der Pramisse der Risikobegrenzung oder dem Erreichen eines gewunschten Chancen-Risiken-Verhaltnisses. Des Weiteren fallen hierunter geeignete Masnahmen zur Risikobewaltigung.

Published
2022

40. Searching for Dark Matter from the Sun with the IceCube Detector

Author

Lisa Johanna Schumacher, Elisa Lohfink, Javier Gonzalez, Roxanne Turcotte, Catherine De Clercq, Michael DuVernois, Barbara Skrzypek, Larissa Paul, Naoko Kurahashi, Frank G. Schröder, Thomas McElroy, Erin O'Sullivan, S. Böser, Gerald Przybylski, Jakob van Santen, Shiqi Yu, Federica Bradascio, Alexander Burgman, Simeon Reusch, K. Meagher, Mehr Nisa, Benedikt Riedel, Stephanie Hickford, Delia Tosi, Sebastian Baur, Sebastian Fiedlschuster, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, Sreetama Goswami, Ken'ichi Kin, Ryan Burley, A. Steuer, Qinrui Liu, Martina Karl, Raamis Hussain, Aaron Fienberg, John Evans, Amirreza Raissi, U. Katz, Sally Robertson, Judith Schneider, Andres Medina, Donghwa Kang, Merlin Schaufel, Dawn Williams, Martin Pittermann, Chris Weaver, Stephanie Bron, K. Hoshina, Hrvoje Dujmovic, Jurgen Borowka, Benjamin Bastian, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Brian Clark, Sebastian Sanchez Herrera, Glenn Spiczak, Zelong Zhang, Michael Stamatikos, Jan Soedingrekso, P. Schlunder, John Hardin, Spencer Axani, Kael Hanson, Saskia Philippen, D. F. Cowen, A. Goldschmidt, Julia Becker Tjus, Markus Ahlers, Martin Unland Elorrieta, Shefali Shefali, C. Walck, Alfonso Garcia, Ankur Sharma, Jeffrey Lazar, Le Viet Nguyen, J. J. Beatty, Tianlu Yuan, Matthias Vraeghe, Torsten Schmidt, Abdul Rehman, Carsten Rott, Dave Nygren, Mohamed Rameez, Cyril Martin Alispach, Karen Andeen, Felix Henningsen, Tyler Anderson, Surujhdeo Seunarine, Thomas K. Gaisser, Timo Karg, Hermann Kolanoski, Carlos Arguelles, Lutz Kopke, Chiara Bellenghi, Thomas Kintscher, Maximilian Meier, Jessie Micallef, Juan Pablo Yanez, IceCube, Josh Peterson, Emma Kun, Paolo Desiati, Matthias Huber, Juanan Aguilar, Lenka Tomankova, Yosuke Ashida, A. R. Fazely, J. L. Kelley, Kenneth Clark, Aya Ishihara, Matthew Weiss, Yuiry Popovych, Kirill Filimonov, Pranav Dave, Maximilian Karl Scharf, Alejandro Diaz, Krijn de Vries, Stef Verpoest, Andreas Weindl, Jenni Adams, Xianwu Xu, Jay Gallagher, Minjin Jeong, K.-H. Becker, Ruth Hoffmann, Kwok Lung Fan, Alexander Fritz, Colin Turley, Erik Ganster, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, Uwe Naumann, T. Stanev, Yiqian Xu, Emma C. Hettinger, Matt Dunkman, Federico Bontempo, Nora Valtonen-Mattila, Marcos Santander, Francesco Lucarelli, Maria Liubarska, Ramesh Koirala, Dennis Soldin, Martin Ha Minh, Hans Dembinski, Erin Carnie-Bronca, Harald Schieler, K. Rawlins, Christian Glaser, Simona Toscano, Christian Spiering, Manuel Silva, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, Ben Jones, Alan Coleman, Gisela Anton, Maria Prado Rodriguez, Devyn Rysewyk Cantu, Gwenhaël de Wasseige, D. Z. Besson, Reina H. Maruyama, R. Halliday, Daniel Bindig, Georg Schwefer, L. Gerhardt, James Vincent Mead, Thomas Stuttard, Ryo Nagai, A. Olivas, E. Blaufuss, T. Stezelberger, Sarah Pieper, Markus Dittmer, Jannis Necker, Tetiana Kozynets, Neha Lad, Dirk Ryckbosch, Elizabeth Friedman, Chad Finley, Rasha Abbasi, Summer Blot, Matthias Boddenberg, Ibrahim Safa, Daria Pankova, Damian Pieloth, Ali Kheirandish, Sarah Mancina, Gerrit Roellinghoff, Stephan Meighen-Berger, Jannes Brostean-Kaiser, Kurt Woschnagg, Simon Hauser, Anna Franckowiak, Tobias Hoinka, Vedant Basu, James Madsen, Thorsten Glusenkamp, Massimiliano Lincetto, Lu Lu, Paul Evenson, S. Yoshida, I. Taboada, Dustin Hebecker, Nathan Whitehorn, Steve Sclafani, Klas Hultqvist, Joanna Kiryluk, Christoph Tönnis, Sally-Ann Browne, Brandom Pries, Mirco Hunnefeld, Marie Oehler, Segev BenZvi, Timothée Grégoire, Paras Koundal, Mike Richman, Colton Hill, Carlos Perez de los Heros, Gabriel Collin, Simone Garrappa, Dmitry Chirkin, Johan Wulff, Jan Weldert, Etienne Bourbeau, Spencer Klein, Julian Saffer, Chris Wendt, Sebastian Schindler, Michael Kovacevich, Pablo Correa, S. Tilav, Teresa Montaruli, Christoph Günther, Alexander Kappes, Michael Campana, Emily Dvorak, Cristian Jesus Lozano Mariscal, Kendall Mahn, K. Helbing, Elisa Bernardini, Tomas Kontrimas, Christian Dappen, Justin Vandenbroucke, Timothyblake Watson, Yijia Li, Sourav Sarkar, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, L. Halve, Philipp Eller, Christian Spannfellner, R. Morse, Frank McNally, Chunfai Tung, Olga Botner, Jakob Bottcher, Kara Hoffman, D. J. Koskinen, Antonio Augusto Alves Junior, Chujie Chen, Raffaela Busse, Anna Obertacke Pollmann, Yang Lyu, Joeran Stettner, Cristina Lagunas Gualda, Grant Parker, Philip Weigel, M. Plum, Mehmet Gunduz, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, R. C. Bay, Hershal Pandya, Martin Rongen, Wolfgang Rhode, Spencer Griswold, Maryon Ahrens, Joshua Hignight, Timo Sturwald, Frederik Tenholt, Wing Yan Ma, Feifei Huang, Hannah Erpenbeck, Konstancja Satalecka, Theo Glauch, Xinhua Bai, Austin Schneider, Abhishek Desai, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Robert Stein, Maria Tselengidou, James DeLaunay, Marjon Moulai, Ava Ghadimi, Martin Wolf, Franziska Tischbein, Hans Niederhausen, Robert A. Cross, Frederik Hermann Lauber, Koun Choi, Andrew Ludwig, Justin Lanfranchi, Ben Smithers, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, Jiwoong Lee, Rui An, Nahee Park, Darren Grant, Derek B Fox, Immacolata Carmen Rea, Sarah Nowicki, Andreas Haungs, Robert Snihur, C. H. Wiebusch, Kunal Deoskar, A. Karle, Ioana Codrina Maris, Sam De Ridder, Christoph Raab, Nadège Iovine, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Bunheng Ty, Patrick Reichherzer, Ralph Engel, Moritz Kellermann, Giovanni Renzi, D. Seckel, Tyce DeYoung, George Japaridze, Roger Moore, Woosik Kang, Richard Naab, Marek Kowalski, Seongjin In, Elisa Resconi, Jan Conrad, K. Mase, Yuya Makino, Alessio Porcelli, Alexander A. Harnisch, Nick van Eijndhoven, Lew Classen, René Reimann, Leander Fischer, Thomas Ehrhardt, Christian Haack, Alexander Sandrock, Kirsten Tollefson, Kayla Leonard, Alexander Trettin, Sukeerthi Dharani, Francis Halzen, Lilly Peters, Juliana Stachurska, V Aswathi Balagopal, Gerrit Wrede, Johannes Werthebach, Thomas Huber, Ek Narayan Paudel, Michael J Larson, Allan Hallgren, Sandro Kopper, William Luszczak, M. Kauer, David Kappesser, Matti Jansson, P. Buford Price, Mark Weyrauch, Joakim Sandroos, Daniela Mockler, G. W. Sullivan, James E. Braun, Philipp Furst, Tim Ruhe, Paul Coppin, Andrea Turcati, Ella Roberts, Alex Pizzuto, Gary Binder, Xinyue Kang, Claudio Kopper, Subir Sarkar, and David Vannerom

Subjects
Physics, Dark matter, Detector, Astronomy
Published
2021

41. The Radio Neutrino Observatory Greenland (RNO-G)

Author

Zachary S. Meyers, Allan Hallgren, Katie Carter, Anna Nelles, Thomas Meures, Ryan Krebs, Lilly Pyras, Krijn D. de Vries, N. Bingefors, John L. Kelley, Patrick Allison, U. Latif, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, Juan A. Aguilar, Dieder J. Van Den Broeck, Simon De Kockere, R. Lahmann, Ilse Plaisier, Stephanie Wissel, David Zeke Besson, Jorge Torres, M. A. DuVernois, Mitchell Magnuson, Simona Toscano, Kaeli Hughes, D. Tosi, Christian Glaser, Maddalena Cataldo, Bob Oeyen, Dirk Ryckbosch, Robert Young, Rno-g, Steffen Hallmann, Cosmin Deaconu, Zachary Curtis-Ginsberg, Daniel Southall, J. J. Beatty, Daniel Smith, Hans Bernhoff, C. Hornhuber, Katharine Mulrey, Paramita Dasgupta, Olga Botner, Sjoerd Bouma, Olaf Scholten, D. Seckel, Brian Clark, Alexander Novikov, Amy Connolly, Christoph Welling, Spencer Klein, Hershal Pandya, Stijn Buitink, Bryan Hendricks, Nick van Eijndhoven, Eric Oberla, A. Karle, Abigail G. Vieregg, Adrian Zink, and Jordan C. Hanson

Subjects
Neutrino detector, Sky, Software deployment, Observatory, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Environmental science, Astronomy, Instrumentation (computer programming), Neutrino, media_common
Abstract

The Radio Neutrino Observatory Greenland (RNO-G) is scheduled for deployment in the summerof 2021. It will target the detection of astrophysical and cosmogenic neutrinos above 10 PeV. With 35 autonomous stations, it will be the largest implementation of a radio neutrino detector to date.The stations combine best-practice instrumentation from all previous radio neutrino arrays, such as a deep phased-array trigger and surface antennas. These proceedings describe the experimentalconsiderations that have driven the design of RNO-G and the current progress in deployment, aswell as discuss the projected sensitivity of the instrument. RNO-G will provide a unique view ofthe Northern Sky and will also inform the design of the radio component of IceCube-Gen2.

Published
2021

42. TAROGE-M: radio antenna array on antarctic high mountain for detecting near-horizontal ultra-high energy air showers

Author

Shih-Hao Wang, Jiwoo Nam, Pisin Chen, Yaocheng Chen, Taejin Choi, Young-bae Ham, Shih-Ying Hsu, Jian-Jung Huang, Ming-Huey A. Huang, Geonhwa Jee, Jongil Jung, Jieun Kim, Chung-Yun Kuo, Hyuck-Jin Kwon, Changsup Lee, Chung-Hei Leung, Tsung-Che Liu, Yu-Shao J. Shiao, Bok-Kyun Shin, Min-Zu Wang, Yu-Hsin Wang, Astrid Anker, Steven W. Barwick, Dave Z. Besson, Sjoerd Bouma, Maddalena Cataldo, Geoffrey Gaswint, Christian Glaser, Steffen Hallmann, Jordan C. Hanson, Jakob Henrichs, Stuart A. Kleinfelder, Robert Lahmann, Zachary S. Meyers, Anna Nelles, Alexander Novikov, Manuel P. Paul, Lilly Pyras, Christopher Persichilli, Ilse Plaisier, Ryan Rice-Smith, Mohammad F.H. Seikh, Joulien Tatar, Christoph Welling, and Leshan Zhao

Subjects
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Abstract

The TAROGE-M radio observatory is a self-triggered antenna array on top of the ∼2700 m high Mt. Melbourne in Antarctica, designed to detect impulsive geomagnetic emission from extensive air showers induced by ultra-high energy (UHE) particles beyond 1017 eV, including cosmic rays, Earth-skimming tau neutrinos, and particularly, the “ANITA anomalous events” (AAE) from near and below the horizon. The six AAE discovered by the ANITA experiment have signal features similar to tau neutrinos but that hypothesis is in tension either with the interaction length predicted by Standard Model or with the flux limits set by other experiments. Their origin remains uncertain, requiring more experimental inputs for clarification. The detection concept of TAROGE-M takes advantage of a high altitude with synoptic view toward the horizon as an efficient signal collector, and the radio quietness as well as strong and near vertical geomagnetic field in Antarctica, enhancing the relative radio signal strength. This approach has a low energy threshold, high duty cycle, and is easy to extend for quickly enlarging statistics. Here we report experimental results from the first TAROGE-M station deployed in January 2020, corresponding to approximately one month of livetime. The station consists of six receiving antennas operating at 180–450 MHz, and can reconstruct source directions of impulsive events with an angular resolution of ∼0.3°, calibrated in situ with a drone-borne pulser system. To demonstrate TAROGE-M's ability to detect UHE air showers, a search for cosmic ray signals in 25.3-days of data together with the detection simulation were conducted, resulting in seven identified candidates. The detected events have a mean reconstructed energy of 0.95-0.31 +0.46 EeV and zenith angles ranging from 25° to 82°, with both distributions agreeing with the simulations, indicating an energy threshold at about 0.3 EeV. The estimated cosmic ray flux at that energy is 1.2-0.9 +0.7 × 10-16 eV-1 km-2 yr-1 sr-1, also consistent with results of other experiments. The TAROGE-M sensitivity to AAEs is approximated by the tau neutrino exposure with simulations, which suggests comparable sensitivity as ANITA's at around 1 EeV energy with a few station-years of operation. These first results verified the station design and performance in a polar and high-altitude environment, and are promising for further discovery of tau neutrinos and AAEs after an extension in the near future.

Published
2022

44. Development of an in-situ calibration device of firn properties for Askaryan neutrino detectors

Author

Manuel P. Paul, D. Z. Besson, Ilse Plaisier, Jiayi Liu, Shih-Hao Wang, Arianna, Stuart A. Kleinfelder, S. R. Klein, G. Gaswint, Steven W. Barwick, Robert Lahmann, Jiwoo Nam, Daniel García Fernández, Ryan Rice-Smith, Leshan Zhao, A. Anker, Mitchell Magnuson, C. Persichilli, Jordan C. Hanson, Lilly Pyras, Anna Nelles, Christoph Welling, Steffen Hallmann, N. Bingefors, Hans Bernhoff, Pierre Baldi, Alexander Novikov, Stephen McAleer, Maddalena Cataldo, Jakob Beise, Zach Meyers, Christian Glaser, Allan Hallgren, Pisin Chen, and J. Tatar

Subjects
Physics, Neutrino detector, Firn, In situ calibration, Remote sensing
Published
2021

45. TAROGE-M: Radio Observatory on Antarctic High Mountain for Detecting Near-Horizon Ultra-High Energy Air Showers

Author

Ilse Plaisier, N. Bingefors, Daniel García Fernández, J. Tatar, Chung-Yun Kuo, Stephen McAleer, Leshan Zhao, Mitchell Magnuson, Allan Hallgren, Pisin Chen, Jordan C. Hanson, D. Z. Besson, Christoph Welling, Steven W. Barwick, A. Nelles, M.-H. A. Huang, Yu-Shao Jerry Shiao, Tsung-Che Liu, Pierre Baldi, Min-Zu Wang, Ryan Rice-Smith, Yaocheng Chen, A. Anker, C. Persichilli, G. Gaswint, Jiayi Liu, Manuel P. Paul, Robert Lahmann, Chung-Hei Leung, Hans Bernhoff, Stuart A. Kleinfelder, Christian Glaser, Jakob Beise, S. R. Klein, Yu-Hsin Wang, Jiwoo Nam, Jian-Jung Huang, Alexander Novikov, and Shih-Hao Wang

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Transmitter, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, law.invention, Antenna array, Earth's magnetic field, Observatory, law, Communications satellite, Dipole antenna, Geology, Event reconstruction, Remote sensing
Abstract

The TAROGE-M observatory is an autonomous antenna array on the top of Mt.~Melbourne ($\sim2700$ m altitude) in Antarctica, designed to detect radio pulses from ultra-high energy (over $10^{17}$ eV) air showers coming from near-horizon directions. The targeted sources include cosmic rays, Earth-skimming tau neutrinos, and most of all, the anomalous near-horizon upward-going events of yet unknown origin discovered by ANITA experiments. The detection concept follows that of ANITA: monitoring large area of ice from high-altitude and taking advantage of strong geomagnetic field and quiet radio background in Antarctica, whereas having significantly greater livetime and scalability. The TAROGE-M station, upgraded from its prototype built in 2019, was deployed in January 2020, and consists of 6 log-periodic dipole antennas pointing horizontally with bandwidth of 180-450 MHz. The station is then calibrated with drone-borne transmitter, with which the event reconstruction obtained $\sim0.3^\circ$ angular resolution. The station was then smoothly operating in the following month, with the live time of $\sim30$ days, before interrupted by a power problem, and its online filtering has identified several candidate cosmic-ray events and sent out via satellite communication. In this paper, the instrumentation of the station for polar and high-altitude environment, its radio-locating performance, the preliminary result on cosmic-ray detection, and the future extension plan are presented.

Published
2021

46. Science case and detector concept for ARIANNA high energy neutrino telescope at Moore's Bay, Antarctica

Author

Zach Meyers, Arianna, Christian Glaser, Maddalena Cataldo, Steffen Hallmann, J. Tatar, A. Nelles, Hans Bernhoff, Allan Hallgren, Jiayi Liu, Alexander Novikov, Stuart A. Kleinfelder, Pisin Chen, Jakob Beise, D. Z. Besson, Lilly Pyras, Leshan Zhao, Ilse Plaisier, Ryan Rice-Smith, Shih-Hao Wang, Daniel García Fernández, Mitchell Magnuson, Jordan C. Hanson, N. Bingefors, S. W. Barwick, Manuel P. Paul, Jiwoo Nam, Pierre Baldi, Steven W. Barwick, Stephen McAleer, G. Gaswint, Christoph Welling, A. Anker, C. Persichilli, Robert Lahmann, and S. R. Klein

Subjects
Physics, High energy, Detector, Neutrino telescope, Astronomy, Bay
Published
2021

47. A novel trigger based on neural networks for radio neutrino detectors

Author

N. Bingefors, Hans Bernhoff, Steven W. Barwick, Stephen McAleer, Shih-Hao Wang, Zach Meyers, Jakob Beise, Stuart A. Kleinfelder, Christian Glaser, Jiwoo Nam, Ryan Rice-Smith, G. Gaswint, Arianna, Alexander Novikov, Lilly Pyras, Anna Nelles, D. Z. Besson, Pierre Baldi, Ilse Plaisier, Maddalena Cataldo, A. Anker, C. Persichilli, Robert Lahmann, Christoph Welling, Leshan Zhao, Mitchell Magnuson, Jordan C. Hanson, Steffen Hallmann, J. Tatar, Allan Hallgren, Pisin Chen, S. R. Klein, Daniel García Fernández, Manuel P. Paul, and Jiayi Liu

Subjects
Physics, Artificial neural network, Neutrino detector, Electronic engineering
Published
2021

48. Capabilities of ARIANNA: Neutrino Pointing Resolution and Implications for Future Ultra-high Energy Neutrino Astronomy

Author

Ilse Plaisier, Allan Hallgren, Pisin Chen, G. Gaswint, Hans Bernhoff, Jakob Beise, Jiayi Liu, J. Tatar, Alexander Novikov, Jiwoo Nam, Stuart A. Kleinfelder, Ryan Rice-Smith, A. Nelles, Daniel García Fernández, Leshan Zhao, A. Anker, C. Persichilli, D. Z. Besson, Mitchell Magnuson, Jordan C. Hanson, Zach Meyers, Shih-Hao Wang, Christian Glaser, S. W. Barwick, Pierre Baldi, Stephen McAleer, Maddalena Cataldo, Christoph Welling, S. R. Klein, Robert Lahmann, Manuel P. Paul, Arianna, Lilly Pyras, N. Bingefors, Steffen Hallmann, and Steven W. Barwick

Subjects
Physics, Optics, Anechoic chamber, business.industry, Distortion, Detector, Angular resolution, Neutrino astronomy, Neutrino, business, Viewing angle, Polarization (waves)
Abstract

A radio-frequency polarization measurement by the ARIANNA surface station was performed using a residual hole from the South Pole Ice Core (SPICEcore) Project. Radio pulses were emitted from a transmitter located down to 1.7 km below the snow surface. After deconvolving the raw signals for the detector response and attenuation from propagation through the ice, the signal pulses show no significant distortion and agree with a reference measurement of the emitter made in an anechoic chamber. The direction to transmitted radio pulse was measured with an angular resolution of 0.37 degree [statistical error]. For polarization, the statistical error of the polarization vector is depth dependent and below 1 degree. In addition, a slow systematic error as a function of depth is 2.7 degrees. Neither the direction or polarization measurement show a significant offset as a function of depth relative to expectation. We also report on the results of a simulation study of the ARIANNA neutrino direction and energy resolution. The software tool NuRadioMC was used to reconstruct the polarization and viewing angle to determine the neutrino direction. Multiple models of Askaryan radiation and detector sites along with a range of neutrino energies were evaluated. The neutrino space angle resolution was determined to be below 3 degrees, which is comparable to the systematic polarization uncertainty. Therefore it is expected that the polarization resolution, which is the dominant contribution to the neutrino space angle resolution, will be improved in future studies by determining and eliminating systematic effects.

Published
2021

49. Deep learning reconstruction of the neutrino energy with a shallow Askaryan detector

Author

Steven W. Barwick, Pierre Baldi, Stephen McAleer, and Christian Glaser

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Range (particle radiation), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Measure (physics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Event (particle physics), Energy (signal processing), Noise (radio), Voltage
Abstract

Cost effective in-ice radio detection of neutrinos above a few 10$^{16}$ eV has been explored successfully in pilot-arrays. A large radio detector is currently being constructed in Greenland with the potential to measure the first cosmogenic neutrino, and an order-of-magnitude more sensitive detector is being planned with IceCube-Gen2. We present the first end-to-end reconstruction of the neutrino energy from radio detector data. NuRadioMC was used to create a large data set of 40 million events of expected radio signals that are generated via the Askaryan effect following a neutrino interaction in the ice for a broad range of neutrino energies between 100 PeV and 10 EeV. We simulated the voltage traces that would be measured by the five antennas of a shallow detector station in the presence of noise. We designed and trained a deep neural network to determine the shower energy directly from the simulated experimental data and achieve a resolution better than a factor of two (STD < 0.3 in log10(E)) which is below the irreducible uncertainty from inelasticity fluctuations. We present the model architecture and study the dependence of the resolution on event parameters. This method will enable Askaryan detectors to measure the neutrino energy.

Published
2021

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