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Background Drug-induced liver injury is one of the most common adverse drug reactions, and atorvastatin is one of the widely used statin lipid-lowering drugs in clinical practice, which is susceptible to hepatic injury. Currently, there is limited research data on the clinical characteristics of liver injury induced by atorvastatin. Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of liver injury induced by atorvastatin, so as to improve clinicians' understanding of liver injury induced by atorvastation. Methods The patients who were hospitalized and treated with atorvastatin in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2012 to August 2022, developed liver injury and were evaluated as liver injury induced by atorvastation based on Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method were selected, and analyzed on clinical characteristics. Results A total of 84 cases of liver injury induced by atorvastation were diagnosed by Causality Assessment Method. The patients with liver injury induced by atorvastation were more male (72.6%), with an average age of (60.2±11.5) years, and all of them were comorbid with the underlying diseases (100.0%) ; two cases (2.4%) reached moderate liver injury, and the cure or improvement rate after treatment reached 100.0%. According to the stage of the disease, the main manifestation was an acute course (100.0%) ; according to the damaged target cells, the mixed type was the most frequent (60.7%), followed by the cholestasis type (26.2%) and the hepatocyte type (11.9%). The statistical results showed that 78.6% of the patients with liver injury occurred within 3 months after taking atorvastation and predominantly in the 1st to 2nd week; and 81.0% of the patients developed liver injuryat 80 defined daily dose (DDD) of cumulative atorvastation. Conclusion Liver injury induced by atorvastation occurs mostly in male, middle-aged and elderly patients patients with underlying diseases, mostly have mild liver injury and good prognosis, and the clinical types were mostly mixed type and cholestasis type. Liver injury occurs mainly within 3 months and the occurrence of liver injury induced by atorvastation was dose-dependent.

Objective To explore the characteristics of opportunistic infections (OIs) in HIV-infected individuals with suboptimal immune reconstitution after ART treatment so as to provide a reference for preventing and managing HIV infections. Methods The clinical data including opportunistic infections specifically were acquired from 112 HIV-infected individuals with suboptimal immune reconstitution from the outpatient department of Wuming Hospital, Guangxi Medical University. The impact of baseline CD4+T lymphocyte counts on the incidence, type, and mixed infection rates of the opportunistic infections were analyzed. Results The opportunistic infection rate among the 112 HIV-infected individuals with suboptimal immune reconstitution was 42.86%, among which fungal infections were the most commonly seen. The opportunistic infection rate of the patients with a baseline of CD4+T lymphocyte counts ≤ 50/μL was significantly higher than that of the patients with a baseline of CD4+T lymphocyte counts > 50/μL, and there was no significant difference in the type of opportunistic infections as well as the rate of mixed infections. Conclusion HIV-infected people with suboptimal immune reconstitution in Guangxi are susceptible to HIV OIs. Among them, the group with a baseline CD4+ T lymphocyte counts ≤ 50/μL has a higher rate of OIs, mainly fungal infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of the rapid growth of international trade, atmospheric pollution from transportation has been more topical than ever, especially in dense hub port-cities. The shipping industry should pay more attention corresponding to its contribution to local atmospheric pollution. This paper supports the application of data collected from the vessel tracking service system with a bottom-up approach to generate a comprehensive 2019 local ship emission inventory at Port of Incheon. The calculated emission inventory presented the dominance of CO[sub.2] emission and the considerable contribution of NO[sub.x] and SO[sub.x] emissions, the significant contribution of auxiliary engines during the hotelling at berth during the year of 2019. Then, based on calculated emission inventory, this study suggested and simulated applicable green policies in the practice: (1) local emission control area realization, (2) vessel speed reduction program, (3) application of cold ironing, and (4) establishment of a national integrated emission platform. The combination of the three first policies could help reduce the significant volume of emitted CO (29%), NO[sub.x] (30%), SO[sub.x] (93%), PM10 and PM2.5 (64%), VOC (28%), NH[sub.3] (30%), and CO[sub.2] (30%)., Author(s): Hyangsook Lee [1]; Hoang T. Pham [1]; Maowei Chen [1]; Sangho Choo (corresponding author) [2] 1. Introduction Transportation has been considered a remarkable contributor to atmospheric pollution [1]. The [...]

Microorganism distributes in the organs of human body which connect with external environment, especially those organs in the gastrointestinal tracts, and it also plays a fundamental role in the physiopathology of the host's body. Because the microorganism is very small and has a great variety, it is difficult to reveal the significance of microorganism in the human physiopathology comprehensively and deeply. With the development of molecular biology, genomics, bioinformatics and other disciplines, the microbiome research will be more possible and easier. There are two key contents of microecology. One of these is to identify and quantify the diversity of microorganism, and the other is to reveal activity and the physiopathological function of microorganism in the host. Microbiome research methods, therefore, can be summarized as the traditional detection methods, construction of gene library, the genetic fingerprint analysis and molecular hybridization techniques and so on.