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1. Liquid-Crystalline Suspensions of Photosensitive Paramagnetic CeF3 Nanodiscs

Author

Patrick Davidson, David Amans, Frédéric Chaput, Maelle Monteil, Mateusz Odziomek, Marc Lecouvey, Ivan Dozov, Anne-Charlotte Faure, F. Bouquet, Anne-Laure Bulin, Frédéric Lerouge, Christophe Dujardin, Stephane Parola, Laboratoire de Chimie - UMR5182 (LC), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Luminescence (LUMINESCENCE), Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Chimie, Structures et Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques (CSPBAT), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut Galilée-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut Galilée-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut Galilée-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Paramagnetism, liquid crystals, Liquid crystal, Electrochemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Spectroscopy, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Cerium fluoride, Liquid crystalline, crystalline nanodiscs, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Surfaces and Interfaces, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Chemical engineering, photosensitive materials, 0210 nano-technology, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft]
Abstract

International audience; The design of high-performance energy-converting materials is an essential step for the development of sensors, but the production of the bulk materials currently used remains costly and difficult. Therefore, a different approach based on the self-assembly of nanoparticles has been explored. We report on the preparation by solvothermal synthesis of highly crystalline CeF 3 nanodiscs. Their surface modification by bisphosphonate ligands led to stable, highly concentrated, colloidal suspensions in water. Despite the low aspect ratio of the nanodiscs (∼6), a liquidcrystalline nematic phase spontaneously appeared in these colloidal suspensions. Thanks to the paramagnetic character of the nanodiscs, the nematic phase was easily aligned by a weak (0.5 T) magnetic field, which provides a simple and convenient way of orienting all of the nanodiscs in suspension in the same direction. Moreover, the more dilute, isotropic, suspensions displayed strong (electric and magnetic) fieldinduced orientation of the nanodiscs (Kerr and Cotton−Mouton effects), with fast enough response times to make them suitable for use in electro-optic devices. Furthermore, an emission study showed a direct relation between the luminescence intensity and magnetic-field-induced orientation of the colloids. Finally, with their fast radiative recombination decay rates, the nanodiscs show luminescence properties that compare quite favorably with those of bulk CeF 3. Therefore, these CeF 3 nanodiscs are very promising building blocks for the development and processing of photosensitive materials for sensor applications.

Published
2019

2. Assessment of a Multiplex PCR for the Simultaneous Diagnosis of Intestinal Cryptosporidiosis and Microsporidiosis

Author

Cyril Garrouste, Frédéric Dalle, Frédéric Delbac, Loïc Favennec, Céline Nourrisson, Maxime Moniot, Philippe Poirier, Charlotte Faure, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Epidémiosurveillance de protozooses à transmission alimentaire et vectorielle (ESCAPE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)

Subjects
030231 tropical medicine, Microsporidiosis, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Multiplex polymerase chain reaction, parasitic diseases, Medicine, Multiplex, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, fungi, Cryptosporidium, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Encephalitozoon intestinalis, 3. Good health, Microsporidia, Molecular Medicine, Encephalitozoon, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract

International audience; Microsporidiosis and cryptosporidiosis are associated with chronic diarrhea in immunocompromised patients. The objectives of this study were to: i) assess a multiplex quantitative PCR assay targeting Cryptosporidium spp and the microsporidian Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon spp, and ii) provide an update on the epidemiology of these pathogens. A prospective study was conducted from January 2017 to January 2019. Performance of the assay was assessed, and all cryptosporidia and microsporidia isolates were genotyped. The sensitivity of the multiplex PCR method reached 1 copy/μL for each targeted pathogen. The sensitivity of co-proantigen testing in the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis was 73%. The sensitivity of microscopy in the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis was 64%, and microsporidiosis, 50%. Among the 456 patients included, 14 were positive for Cryptosporidium spp (4 different species); 5, for E. bieneusi; and 2, for Encephalitozoon intestinalis. The overall prevalence of cryptosporidia was 3.1%, and of microsporidia, 1.5%; in kidney transplant recipients (n = 82), corresponding values were 7.3% and 2.4% (6 and 2 patients), respectively. Two cases of E. intestinalis infection were diagnosed in children who had traveled to the tropics. This study is the first to assess a multiplex quantitative PCR method for the simultaneous diagnosis of intestinal microsporidiosis and cryptosporidiosis. The highest prevalences of both pathogens were observed in kidney transplant recipients

Published
2021

3. Assessment of a Multiplex PCR for the Simultaneous Diagnosis of Intestinal Cryptosporidiosis and Microsporidiosis: Epidemiologic Report from a French Prospective Study

Author

Maxime, Moniot, Céline, Nourrisson, Charlotte, Faure, Frédéric, Delbac, Loïc, Favennec, Frédéric, Dalle, Cyril, Garrouste, and Philippe, Poirier

Subjects
Adult, Diarrhea, Male, Adolescent, Genotype, Cryptosporidiosis, Cryptosporidium, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, Feces, Immunocompromised Host, Young Adult, Microsporidiosis, Prevalence, Humans, Prospective Studies, Child, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Infant, Newborn, Encephalitozoon, Infant, Enterocytozoon, Middle Aged, Child, Preschool, Female, France, Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
Abstract

Microsporidiosis and cryptosporidiosis are associated with chronic diarrhea in immunocompromised patients. The objectives of this study were to: i) assess a multiplex quantitative PCR assay targeting Cryptosporidium spp and the microsporidian Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon spp, and ii) provide an update on the epidemiology of these pathogens. A prospective study was conducted from January 2017 to January 2019. Performance of the assay was assessed, and all cryptosporidia and microsporidia isolates were genotyped. The sensitivity of the multiplex PCR method reached 1 copy/μL for each targeted pathogen. The sensitivity of co-proantigen testing in the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis was 73%. The sensitivity of microscopy in the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis was 64%, and microsporidiosis, 50%. Among the 456 patients included, 14 were positive for Cryptosporidium spp (4 different species); 5, for E. bieneusi; and 2, for Encephalitozoon intestinalis. The overall prevalence of cryptosporidia was 3.1%, and of microsporidia, 1.5%; in kidney transplant recipients (n = 82), corresponding values were 7.3% and 2.4% (6 and 2 patients), respectively. Two cases of E. intestinalis infection were diagnosed in children who had traveled to the tropics. This study is the first to assess a multiplex quantitative PCR method for the simultaneous diagnosis of intestinal microsporidiosis and cryptosporidiosis. The highest prevalences of both pathogens were observed in kidney transplant recipients.

Published
2020

4. Liquid-Crystalline Suspensions of Photosensitive Paramagnetic CeF

Author

Frédéric, Chaput, Frédéric, Lerouge, Anne-Laure, Bulin, David, Amans, Mateusz, Odziomek, Anne-Charlotte, Faure, Maelle, Monteil, Ivan, Dozov, Stéphane, Parola, Frédéric, Bouquet, Marc, Lecouvey, Patrick, Davidson, and Christophe, Dujardin

Abstract

The design of high-performance energy-converting materials is an essential step for the development of sensors, but the production of the bulk materials currently used remains costly and difficult. Therefore, a different approach based on the self-assembly of nanoparticles has been explored. We report on the preparation by solvothermal synthesis of highly crystalline CeF

Published
2019

5. Tuning Dye-to-Particle Interactions toward Luminescent Gold Nanostars

Author

Julien R. G. Navarro, Frédéric Lerouge, Adrien Liotta, Stephane Parola, Anne-Charlotte Faure, Guillaume Micouin, Patrice L. Baldeck, Frédéric Chaput, Laboratoire de Chimie - UMR5182 (LC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Nanostructure, Metal Nanoparticles, Nanoparticle, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Electrochemistry, General Materials Science, Surface plasmon resonance, Coloring Agents, Spectroscopy, Plasmon, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Surfaces and Interfaces, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Surface modification, Gold, 0210 nano-technology, Luminescence, Biosensor, Visible spectrum
Abstract

International audience; Light-matter interactions are of great interest for potential biological applications (bioimaging, biosensing, phototherapy). For such applications, sharp nanostructures exhibit interesting features since their extinction bands (surface plasmon resonance) cover a large bandwidth in the whole visible wavelength region due to the existence of ?hot spots? located at the end of the tips. In this context, gold nanostars appear to be interesting objects. However, their study remains difficult, mainly due to complicated synthetic methods and further functionalization. This paper reports the synthesis, functionalization, and photophysics of luminescent hybrid gold nanostars prepared using a layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition method for the tuning of chromophore-to-particle distances together with the impact of the spectral overlap between the plasmon and the emission/absorption of the dyes. Several luminescent dyes with different optical signatures were selectively adsorbed at the nanoparticle surface. The optimized systems, exhibiting the highest luminescence recovery, clearly showed that overlap must be as low as possible. Also, the fluorescence intensities were quenched in close vicinity of the metal surface and revealed a distance-dependence with almost full recovery of the dyes emission for 11 LbL layers, which corresponded to 15 nm distances evaluated on dried samples. The photophysics of the luminescent core?shell particles were carried out in suspension and correlated with the response of isolated single objects.

Published
2013

6. Two examples of nanostructured gold surfaces as biosensors. Surface-enhanced chemiluminescence and double detection by surface plasmon resonance and luminescence

Author

Jean-Louis Bijeon, Pascal Perriat, Meigui Ou, Olivier Tillement, Anne-Charlotte Faure, Stéphane Roux, Christophe A. Marquette, Grégory Barbillon, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents (LPCML), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon (CPE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Nanotechnologie et d'Instrumentation Optique (LNIO), Institut Charles Delaunay (ICD), Université de Technologie de Troyes (UTT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Troyes (UTT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Streptavidin, Materials science, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, law.invention, Luminol, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Materials Science(all), law, Photon Scan Tunnelling Microscopy, General Materials Science, Surface plasmon resonance, Spectroscopy, Plasmon, Chemiluminescence, Gadolinium Oxide, NANOSPHERE Lithography, technology, industry, and agriculture, POLYSILOXANE Particle, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Extinction Spectrum, chemistry, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, 0210 nano-technology, Luminescence, Biosensor
Abstract

International audience; In this paper, we present a review of our activities in the field of gold biosensors. Nanostructured gold surfaces can be used in biology for their plasmonic and/or catalytic properties. In a first part, we show how the gold plasmonic properties allow the detection of the biotin-streptavidin binding by two types of techniques: extinction spectroscopy and also luminescence spectroscopy when the probe (here the streptavidin) is labelled by polysiloxane particles encapsulating fluorophores. In a second part, we demonstrate that the catalytical properties of gold corrugated surfaces can significantly enhance the chemiluminescence of luminol brought at vicinity. We found that the surface-enhancement induced by gold is two times of magnitude greater than that induced by silver.

Published
2008

7. Labeling of fibronectin by fluorescent and paramagnetic nanoprobes for exploring the extracellular matrix: bioconjugate synthesis optimization and biochemical characterization

Author

Fabrice Goubard, Cédric Vancaeyzeele, Olivier Tillement, Stéphane Roux, Céline Hoffmann, Emmanuel Pauthe, and Anne-Charlotte Faure

Subjects
Protein Conformation, Surface Properties, Nanoparticle, Polyethylene glycol, Biochemistry, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Fluorescence, Analytical Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Magnetics, Amide, Organic chemistry, Humans, Carbodiimide, Bioconjugation, biology, Staining and Labeling, Temperature, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Combinatorial chemistry, Fibronectins, Fibronectin, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, chemistry, biology.protein, Nanoparticles
Abstract

In this study, fibronectin-nanoparticles bioconjugates are developed and characterized. Multilabeled nanoparticles are composed of a core of the rare-earth oxide Gd(2)O(3):Tb(3+), capped with a set of Rhodamine B isothiocyanate encapsulated in a silica matrix and functionalized by a carboxylated polyethylene glycol shell. These nanoparticles are stabilized in aqueous solution and are found to contain about 400 carboxyl groups on their surface. Nanoparticle bioconjugation with highly purified human plasma fibronectin (Fn) is mediated by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide, resulting in an amide linkage between the carboxylic acid-terminated surface of the nanoparticle and the primary amine of Fn. The bioconjugation temperature and pH are optimized. The Local structure and global conformation of fibronectin-nanoparticle bioconjugates (FnNP*) are studied by fluorescence spectroscopy and enzymatic sites accessibility. Protein biochemical functionalities are globally conserved, and the protein is actually labeled. Elaboration of such complexes provides a promising bimodal contrasting agent for in vivo imaging.

Published
2010

8. Functionalized silica-based nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy

Author

Anne-Charlotte Faure, Pierre Couleaud, Denise Bechet, Céline Frochot, Stéphane Roux, Olivier Tillement, Muriel Barberi-Heyob, François Guillemin, Régis Vanderesse, Sabine Porhel, Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés ( LRGP ), Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy ( CRAN ), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 ( UHP ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine ( INPL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Alexis Vautrin ( CAV ), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Macromoléculaire ( LCPM ), Médicaments Photoactivables - Photochimiothérapie ( PHOTOMED ), Institut de Chimie du CNRS ( INC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents ( LPCML ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Mécanique et Technologie ( LMT ), École normale supérieure - Cachan ( ENS Cachan ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Alexis Vautrin (CAV), Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Médicaments Photoactivables - Photochimiothérapie (PHOTOMED), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents (LPCML), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon

Subjects
Materials science, Cell Survival, medicine.medical_treatment, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine (miscellaneous), Nanoparticle, Bioengineering, Photodynamic therapy, Peptide, 02 engineering and technology, Development, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Photosensitivity, Cell Line, Tumor, Neuropilin 1, medicine, Humans, General Materials Science, Photosensitizer, [ SDV.IB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, chemistry.chemical_classification, Photosensitizing Agents, Molecular Structure, Silicon Dioxide, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Neuropilin-1, Recombinant Proteins, In vitro, 0104 chemical sciences, Photochemotherapy, Biochemistry, chemistry, Chlorin, Biophysics, Nanoparticles, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Peptides, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Aim: The strategy developed aims to favor the vascular effect of photodynamic therapy by targeting tumor-associated vascularization using peptide-functionalized nanoparticles. We previously described the conjugation of a photosensitizer to a peptide targeting neuropilin-1 overexpressed in tumor angiogenic vessels. Materials & Methods: In this study, we have designed and photophysically characterized a multifunctional nanoparticle consisting of a surface-localized tumor vasculature targeting peptides and encapsulated photodynamic therapy and imaging agents. Results & Conclusion: The elaboration of these multifunctional silica-based nanoparticles is reported. Nanoparticles functionalized with approximately 4.2 peptides bound to recombinant neuropilin-1 protein. Nanoparticles conferred photosensitivity to cells overexpressing neuropilin-1, providing evidence that the chlorin grafted within the nanoparticle matrix can be photoactivated to yield photocytotoxic effects in vitro.

Published
2010

9. Control of the in vivo biodistribution of hybrid nanoparticles with different poly(ethylene glycol) coatings

Author

Pascal Perriat, Véronique Josserand, Anne-Charlotte Faure, Sandrine Dufort, Stéphane Roux, Jean-Luc Coll, and Olivier Tillement

Subjects
Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy, Biodistribution, Materials science, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Metabolic Clearance Rate, Nanoparticle, Mice, Nude, Nanotechnology, Gadolinium, Polyethylene Glycols, Biomaterials, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mice, Coated Materials, Biocompatible, In vivo, Cell Line, Tumor, Zeta potential, Animals, General Materials Science, Tissue Distribution, General Chemistry, Kidney Neoplasms, chemistry, Organ Specificity, Biophysics, PEGylation, Nanoparticles, Ethylene glycol, Preclinical imaging, Biotechnology
Abstract

Fluorescent nanoparticles containing a gadolinium oxide core are very attractive because they are able to combine both imaging (fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging) and therapy (X-ray therapy and neutron-capture therapy) techniques. The exploitation of these multifunctional particles for in vivo applications requires accurate control of their biodistribution. The postfunctionalization of these particles by four different poly(ethylene glycol) derivatives, which differ by chain length and end group, exerts a great influence on the zeta potential of the nanoparticles and on their biodistribution after intravenous injection to HEK-beta3-tumor-bearing mice. This study reveals that the behavior of PEGylated nanoparticles, which was monitored by in vivo fluorescence imaging, depends on both the chain length and the end group of the PEG chain.

Published
2009

10. Drug development in oncology assisted by noninvasive optical imaging

Author

Didier Boturyn, Philippe Rizo, Stéphane Roux, Anne-Charlotte Faure, Jérôme Boutet, Sandrine Dufort, Lucie Sancey, Anne Koenig, Véronique Josserand, Pascal Dumy, Michelle Keramidas, Claire Rome, Stéphanie Foillard, Jean-Luc Coll, Christian Righini, Olivier Tillement, Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble (INSERM U823), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-EFS-CHU Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), UF Cancérologie Biologique et Biothérapie, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble, INSERM U823, équipe 5 (cibles diagnostiques ou thérapeutiques et vectorisation de drogues dans le cancer du poumon), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-EFS-CHU Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-EFS-CHU Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents (LPCML), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Département de Chimie Moléculaire (DCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), INSERM, INCA, ARC, ANR, EMIL and N2L NoE of the 6th FWP, ANR-06-BLAN-0071,PEPVEC4THER,Peptide based nanostructure for the delivery of therapeutics: from mechanism to application(2006), Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble ( INSERM U823 ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents ( LPCML ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Département de Chimie Moléculaire ( DCM ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Laboratoire d'Electronique et des Technologies de l'Information ( CEA-LETI ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Grenoble Alpes [Saint Martin d'Hères], ANR-06-BLAN-0071,PEPVEC4THER,Peptide based nanostructure for the delivery of therapeutics: from mechanism to application ( 2006 ), Hurbin, Amandine, Programme 'blanc' - Peptide based nanostructure for the delivery of therapeutics: from mechanism to application - - PEPVEC4THER2006 - ANR-06-BLAN-0071 - BLANC - VALID, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
MESH : Cell Line, Oncology, MESH : Microscopy, Fluorescence, MESH : Diagnostic Imaging, Pharmaceutical Science, MESH: Microscopy, Fluorescence, MESH : Radiation Oncology, [ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Metastasis, Mice, Drug Delivery Systems, 0302 clinical medicine, Neoplasms, Drug Discovery, MESH : Female, MESH: Animals, MESH: Neoplasms, MESH : Drug Discovery, 0303 health sciences, Optical Devices, MESH : Mice, Nude, Primary tumor, MESH: Radiation Oncology, 3. Good health, MESH : Optical Devices, MESH : Antineoplastic Agents, Drug development, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Drug delivery, MESH : Drug Delivery Systems, Female, Diagnostic Imaging, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Cell Line, Tumor, MESH: Drug Delivery Systems, Cancer therapy, Mice, Nude, Antineoplastic Agents, Context (language use), [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, optical imaging, Optical imaging, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, MESH: Drug Discovery, Cell Line, Tumor, Internal medicine, MESH : Mice, medicine, MESH: Mice, Nude, Animals, Humans, MESH: Mice, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Optical Devices, MESH: Humans, MESH : Cell Line, Tumor, business.industry, tumor targeting, MESH: Diagnostic Imaging, MESH : Humans, Cancer, medicine.disease, MESH : Neoplasms, MESH: Cell Line, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Radiation Oncology, MESH: Antineoplastic Agents, MESH : Animals, business, MESH: Female
Abstract

International audience; Early and accurate detection of tumors, like the development of targeted treatments, is a major field of research in oncology. The generation of specific vectors, capable of transporting a drug or a contrast agent to the primary tumor site as well as to the remote (micro-) metastasis would be an asset for early diagnosis and cancer therapy. Our goal was to develop new treatments based on the use of tumor-targeted delivery of large biomolecules (DNA, siRNA, peptides, or nanoparticles), able to induce apoptosis while dodging the specific mechanisms developed by tumor cells to resist this programmed cell death. Nonetheless, the insufficient effectiveness of the vectorization systems is still a crucial issue. In this context, we generated new targeting vectors for drug and biomolecules delivery and developed several optical imaging systems for the follow-up and evaluation of these vectorization systems in live mice. Based on our recent work, we present a brief overview of how noninvasive optical imaging in small animals can accelerate the development of targeted therapeutics in oncology.

Published
2009

11. Functionalization of Luminescent Aminated Particles for Facile Bioconjugation

Author

Fabrice Goubard, Olivier Tillement, Loïc J. Blum, Stéphane Roux, Rana Bazzi, Céline Hoffmann, Christophe A. Marquette, Emmanuel Pauthe, Pascal Perriat, Anne-Charlotte Faure, Mateis, Laboratoire, Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Streptavidin, Materials science, Siloxanes, Photochemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, Nanoparticle, Biotin, Gadolinium, 02 engineering and technology, [SPI.MAT] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, chemistry.chemical_compound, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Polymer chemistry, Materials Testing, Moiety, Nanotechnology, General Materials Science, Particle Size, Coloring Agents, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, chemistry.chemical_classification, Bioconjugation, Biomolecule, General Engineering, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Fibronectins, chemistry, Covalent bond, Isothiocyanate, Luminescent Measurements, Surface modification, Nanoparticles, Protons, 0210 nano-technology, Crystallization
Abstract

For labeling proteins (streptavidin and fibronectin) by luminescent aminated nanoparticles, an interesting strategy that requires neither activation nor chemical pre- or post-treatment was explored. Because biomolecules are easily rendered luminescent after reaction with organic dyes carrying isothiocyanate moiety, phenylene diisothiocyanate (DITC) was used for covalently binding proteins onto luminescent hybrid gadolinium oxide nanoparticles whose ability to combine imaging and therapy was recently demonstrated.

Published
2008

12. Core/shell nanoparticles for multiple biological detection with enhanced sensitivity and kinetics

Author

Taha Benyatou, Cécile Jamois, Damien Fabrègue, Claire Billotey, Gilles Ledoux, Christophe A. Marquette, Armel Descamps, Stéphane Roux, Meigui Ou, Pascal Perriat, Grégory Barbillon, Olivier Tillement, Jean-Louis Bijeon, Anne-Charlotte Faure, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents (LPCML), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Nanotechnologie et d'Instrumentation Optique (LNIO), Institut Charles Delaunay (ICD), Université de Technologie de Troyes (UTT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Troyes (UTT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche et d'Application en Traitement de l'Image et du Signal (CREATIS), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INL - Nanophotonique (INL - Photonique), Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École supérieure de Chimie Physique Electronique de Lyon (CPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-École supérieure de Chimie Physique Electronique de Lyon (CPE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon (CPE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon (CPE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL)

Subjects
Streptavidin, Materials science, Analytical chemistry, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, Photochemistry, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, chemistry.chemical_compound, General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Surface plasmon resonance, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Mechanical Engineering, Surface plasmon, Substrate (chemistry), [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Biotinylation, Particle, 0210 nano-technology, Luminescence, Localized surface plasmon
Abstract

The paper shows the different methods to attach a molecule to detect streptavidin to a dielectric particle made of a rare-earth oxide core and a polysiloxane shell containing fluorescein. First, the detection of streptavidin binding on a biotinylated gold substrate can be achieved in three ways: the shift of the surface plasmon resonance of the substrate and the double luminescence (organic and inorganic) of the core/shell particle. Second, these detections are efficient even after elimination upon thermal annealing of all the undesired molecules that skew the assays. Finally, the particle that ballasts the protein enhances its binding kinetics and increases the localized surface plasmon resonance shift that detects the binding.

Published
2008

13. Hybrid gadolinium oxide nanoparticles: multimodal contrast agents for in vivo imaging

Author

Stéphane Roux, Jean-Luc Bridot, Jean-Luc Coll, Bassem Hiba, Marc Janier, Claire Billotey, Sophie Laurent, Luce Vander Elst, Olivier Tillement, Pascal Perriat, Robert N. Muller, Véronique Josserand, Anne-Charlotte Faure, Charlotte Rivière, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents (LPCML), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de RMN, Université de Mons-Hainaut, NanoH-sas, Centre de Recherche et d'Application en Traitement de l'Image et du Signal (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble (INSERM U823), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), INSERM U823, équipe 5 (cibles diagnostiques ou thérapeutiques et vectorisation de drogues dans le cancer du poumon), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents ( LPCML ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Recherche et d'Application en Traitement de l'Image et du Signal ( CREATIS ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble ( INSERM U823 ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] ( MATEIS ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), Hurbin, Amandine, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon (CPE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy, MESH : Siloxanes, Nanoparticle, Contrast Media, Gadolinium, 02 engineering and technology, [SPI.MAT] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, MESH : Gadolinium, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, [ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Polyethylene Glycols, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Paramagnetism, Mice, Colloid and Surface Chemistry, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Heterocyclic Compounds, MESH: Animals, Lung, medicine.diagnostic_test, Chemistry, MESH : Rats, MESH : Polyethylene Glycols, MESH : Mice, Nude, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Liver, Covalent bond, MESH : Organometallic Compounds, 0210 nano-technology, Preclinical imaging, MESH : Fluorescence, Siloxanes, MESH: Rats, MESH: Heterocyclic Compounds, MESH : Lung, Mice, Nude, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, 010402 general chemistry, Catalysis, Fluorescence, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, MESH : Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MESH: Contrast Media, PEG ratio, MESH : Mice, medicine, Organometallic Compounds, MESH: Mice, Nude, Animals, MESH: Lung, MESH: Siloxanes, MESH: Mice, MESH : Contrast Media, MESH: Fluorescence, MESH : Liver, Magnetic resonance imaging, MESH: Organometallic Compounds, General Chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, Rats, MESH : Heterocyclic Compounds, MESH: Polyethylene Glycols, MESH : Nanoparticles, Nanoparticles, MESH : Animals, Luminescence, MESH: Gadolinium, MESH: Nanoparticles, MESH: Liver
Abstract

International audience; Luminescent hybrid nanoparticles with a paramagnetic Gd2O 3 core were applied as contrast agents for both in vivo fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging. These hybrid particles were obtained by encapsulating Gd2O3 cores within a polysiloxane shell which carries organic fluorophores and carboxylated PEG covalently tethered to the inorganic network. Longitudinal proton relaxivities of these particles are higher than the positive contrast agents like Gd-DOTA which are commonly used for clinical magnetic resonance imaging. Moreover these particles can be followed up by fluorescence imaging. This study revealed that these particles suited for dual modality imaging freely circulate in the blood vessels without undesirable accumulation in lungs and liver.

Published
2007

14. CMR 2007: 7.07: Hybrid gadolinium oxide nanoparticles: contrast agents combining diagnosis and therapy

Author

B. Hiba, Véronique Josserand, Sophie Laurent, R. Sabattier, Stéphanie Lerondel, D. Dayde, Claire Billotey, Jean-Luc Bridot, Anne-Charlotte Faure, Charlotte Rivière, Robert N. Muller, Pascal Perriat, Marc Janier, L. Vander Elst, Stéphane Roux, Jean-Luc Coll, Olivier Tillement, and A. Lepape

Subjects
Nuclear magnetic resonance, Materials science, media_common.quotation_subject, Nanoparticle, Contrast (vision), Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Gadolinium oxide, media_common
Published
2007

15. Core/shell nanoparticles for multiple biological detection with enhanced sensitivity and kinetics.

Author

Charlotte Faure, Grégory Barbillon, Meigui Ou, Gilles Ledoux, Olivier Tillement, Stéphane Roux, Damien Fabregue, Armel Descamps, Louis Bijeon, Christophe A Marquette, Claire Billotey, Cécile Jamois, Taha Benyatou, and Pascal Perriat

Subjects
*NANOPARTICLES, *STREPTAVIDIN, *DIELECTRICS, *SILICONES, *FLUORESCEIN, *GOLD compounds, *NANOTECHNOLOGY, *SURFACE plasmon resonance
Abstract

The paper shows the different methods to attach a molecule to detect streptavidin to a dielectric particle made of a rare-earth oxide core and a polysiloxane shell containing fluorescein. First, the detection of streptavidin binding on a biotinylated gold substrate can be achieved in three ways: the shift of the surface plasmon resonance of the substrate and the double luminescence (organic and inorganic) of the core/shell particle. Second, these detections are efficient even after elimination upon thermal annealing of all the undesired molecules that skew the assays. Finally, the particle that ballasts the protein enhances its binding kinetics and increases the localized surface plasmon resonance shift that detects the binding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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