16 results on '"Ceballos Alcantarilla, Eric"'
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2. Understanding and applications of Ser/Gly linkers in protein engineering
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Ceballos-Alcantarilla, Eric, primary and Merkx, Maarten, additional
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- 2021
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3. High-affinity Antibodies from a Full Penthiopyrad-mimicking Hapten and Heterologous Immunoassay Development for Fruit Juice Analysis
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Ceballos-Alcantarilla, Eric, Agulló, Consuelo, Abad-Fuentes, Antonio, Escamilla-Aguilar, Mónica, Abad-Somovilla, Antonio, and Mercader, Josep V.
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- 2017
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4. Determination of succinate-dehydrogenase-inhibitor fungicide residues in fruits and vegetables by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
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Abad-Fuentes, Antonio, Ceballos-Alcantarilla, Eric, Mercader, Josep V., Agulló, Consuelo, Abad-Somovilla, Antonio, and Esteve-Turrillas, Francesc A.
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- 2015
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5. Understanding and applications of Ser/Gly linkers in protein engineering
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Ceballos-Alcantarilla, Eric, Merkx, Maarten, Protein Engineering, Chemical Biology, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, and ICMS Core
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,Chemistry ,030303 biophysics ,Protein domain ,Peptide ,Protein engineering ,Fusion protein ,Random coil ,Gaussian chain ,03 medical and health sciences ,Förster resonance energy transfer ,Intramolecular force ,Biophysics ,FRET ,Ser/Gly linkers ,Linker ,Protein switches - Abstract
Peptide linkers consisting of repeats of glycine and serine residues are commonly chosen by protein engineers to introduce flexible and hydrophilic spacers between protein domains. Given the popularity of these linkers, gaining a quantitative insight in their conformational behavior is important to understand the effect on functional properties of fusion proteins, including energy transfer efficiency in luminescent sensor proteins, intramolecular domain interactions and (multivalent) binding. In this chapter, we discuss how the conformational behavior of Ser/Gly linkers can be described using random coil models, and how measuring FRET as a function of linker length can be used to obtain empirical values for the stiffness of linkers containing different Ser-to-Gly ratios. Subsequently, we show how these models and the experimentally determined linker stiffness can be used to explain and predict the functional properties of multidomain proteins, providing useful rules-of-thumb and design tools for optimal linker engineering.
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- 2021
6. Immunochemical method for penthiopyrad detection through thermodynamic and kinetic characterization of monoclonal antibodies
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ceballos Alcantarilla, Eric, Abad Fuentes, Antonio, Agulló, Consuelo, Abad Somovilla, Antonio, Mercader Badia, Josep Vicent, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ceballos Alcantarilla, Eric, Abad Fuentes, Antonio, Agulló, Consuelo, Abad Somovilla, Antonio, and Mercader Badia, Josep Vicent
- Abstract
Immunoassays are nowadays being employed for rapid contaminant analysis in clinical, environmental, and agrochemical samples. A thorough characterization of the antibody‒antigen interaction can bring light to the immunoreagent selection process in order to develop sensitive and robust tests. Thus, determination of equilibrium and reaction rate constants is usually recommendable. However, this can be quite tricky for low molecular weight compounds, and competitive strategies are commonly followed to estimate apparent affinity values. In the present study, a collection of monoclonal antibodies to penthiopyrad was raised for the first time, and apparent equilibrium constants were assessed by the Langmuir model using three different competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay formats. The obtained KD values from antibody-coated assays were quite close to the corresponding KD values calculated from surface plasmon resonance (SPR) evaluation. These studies were employed to select a pair of immunoreagents for immunoassay development. The KD value for penthiopyrad of the selected antibody obtained by SPR was 0.28 nM. The optimized direct assay showed an IC50 value for penthiopyrad of 0.42 nM (0.15 ng mL−1) in buffer. The limit of quantification for grape, must, and wine samples was 10 ng mL−1. An excellent correlation was found when immunochemical results were compared with those from LC-MS/MS. As an application case, it was determined that 58% of penthiopyrad was still found in wine after fermentation.
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- 2021
7. Highly sensitive monoclonal antibody-based immunoassays for the analysis of fluopyram in food samples
- Author
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Universidad de Valencia, Ceballos Alcantarilla, Eric, Agulló, Consuelo, Abad Somovilla, Antonio, Abad Fuentes, Antonio, Mercader Badia, Josep Vicent, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Universidad de Valencia, Ceballos Alcantarilla, Eric, Agulló, Consuelo, Abad Somovilla, Antonio, Abad Fuentes, Antonio, and Mercader Badia, Josep Vicent
- Abstract
Monoclonal antibody-based techniques have become a useful analytical technology in the agro-food sector. Nowadays, residues of the recently registered fungicide fluopyram are increasingly being found in quality control programs. In the present study, novel chemical derivatives of this pesticide were prepared and specific and high-affinity monoclonal antibodies to fluopyram were raised for the first time. Moreover, immunoassays to fluopyram were developed in two alternative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay formats, using homologous and heterologous assay conjugates, with limits of detection below 0.05 µg L−1. The optimized immunoassays were applied to the analysis of fluopyram in fortified plums and grapes of four different varieties as well as in in-house prepared musts and wines. Recoveries were between 76.3% and 109.6% and coefficients of variation were below 20%. Quantification limits were well below the maximum residue limits. Immunoassay performance was statistically validated with a reference chromatographic technique using samples from fluopyram-treated plum and grape cultivars.
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- 2019
8. Highly sensitive monoclonal antibody-based immunoassays for the analysis of fluopyram in food samples
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Ceballos-Alcantarilla, Eric, primary, Agulló, Consuelo, additional, Abad-Somovilla, Antonio, additional, Abad-Fuentes, Antonio, additional, and Mercader, Josep V., additional
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Combined heterologies for monoclonal antibody-based immunoanalysis of fluxapyroxad
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Universidad de Valencia, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ceballos Alcantarilla, Eric, López Puertollano, Daniel, Agulló, Consuelo, Abad Fuentes, Antonio, Mercader Badia, Josep Vicent, Universidad de Valencia, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ceballos Alcantarilla, Eric, López Puertollano, Daniel, Agulló, Consuelo, Abad Fuentes, Antonio, and Mercader Badia, Josep Vicent
- Abstract
Nowadays, instrumental methodologies and rapid bioanalytical techniques complement each other for the analysis of toxic chemical compounds. Fluxapyroxad was commercialized a few years ago as a fungicide and today it is being used worldwide to control a variety of pests. In the present study, the development of monoclonal antibody-based immunochemical methods for the analysis of this chemical in food samples was evaluated for the first time. Novel haptens were synthesized and protein bioconjugates were prepared. High-affinity and specific monoclonal antibodies to fluxapyroxad were generated from two haptens with alternative linker tethering sites. Haptens with linker site heterology and a structurally heterologous hapten with a minor modification of the molecule conformation and volume but with a significant alteration of the electronic density of the pyrazole moiety were evaluated for immunoassay development. Direct and indirect competitive immunoassays were characterized and optimized, showing IC50 values for fluxapyroxad of 0.14 and 0.05 ng mL−1, respectively. The combination of two heterologies was particularly adequate in the indirect format. The two developed immunoassays showed excellent recoveries and coefficients of variation in fluxapyroxad-fortified plums and four varieties of grapes. Finally, a good correlation was found between the indirect immunoassay and UPLC-MS/MS when fruit samples with incurred residues of fluxapyroxad were analyzed. These monoclonal antibody-based immunochemical methods hold great promise for fluxapyroxad monitoring.
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- 2018
10. Desarrollo de métodos inmunoquímicos para el análisis en alimentos de fungicidas inhibidores de la succinato deshidrogenasa
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Ceballos Alcantarilla, Eric, Abad Somovilla, Antonio, Mercader Badia, Josep Vicent, and Departament de Quimica Orgànica
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fluopyram ,hapteno ,anticuerpo ,QUÍMICA::Química orgánica [UNESCO] ,inmunoensayo ,CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS::Tecnología de los alimentos [UNESCO] ,penthiopyrad ,nanotubo de carbono ,UNESCO::QUÍMICA::Química orgánica ,alimento ,UNESCO::CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS::Tecnología de los alimentos - Abstract
El uso de plaguicidas constituye una forma eficaz y hoy por hoy necesaria para combatir gran parte de las plagas que afectan a los cultivos agrícolas. Sin embargo, su uso puede dar lugar a la aparición de residuos en los alimentos que llegan al consumidor, lo que puede derivar en un problema de seguridad alimentaria. Por ello, es necesario el desarrollo de métodos analíticos altamente sensibles y selectivos para la monitorización de dichos residuos, que permitan la detección de concentraciones lo más bajas posibles. En este contexto, en esta Tesis Doctoral se ha abordado el desarrollo de métodos inmunoquímicos de elevada sensibilidad y selectividad para el análisis en muestras de alimentos de trazas de fluopyram y penthiopyrad, dos novedosos fungicidas del grupo de inhibidores de la succinato deshidrogenasa (SDHI). Estos métodos hacen uso de anticuerpos específicos para detectar los analitos de interés. Dada la versatilidad, fiabilidad, bajo coste y sencillez de este tipo de técnicas, entre otras propiedades, los inmunoensayos desarrollados podrían constituir así métodos alternativos y complementarios a los métodos cromatográficos convencionales para determinadas aplicaciones, como son las situaciones de crisis y alarma alimentaria o la monitorización de una sustancia concreta en un elevado conjunto de muestras. Para lograr este propósito, se siguió un esquema bien establecido, fruto de varias décadas de investigación con moléculas pequeñas similares a los dos fungicidas de estudio. En primer lugar, mediante síntesis orgánica total se prepararon cuatro análogos funcionalizados (haptenos) de fluopyram (FPa, FPb, FPha’ y FPhb), cada uno de los cuales incorporaba en posiciones opuestas un brazo espaciador equivalente terminado en un grupo carboxilato, que más tarde se emplearía para enlazarlos covalentemente a proteínas transportadoras. Del mismo modo, para el fungicida penthiopyrad se obtuvo un total de cinco haptenos (PPa, PPb, PPm, PPd’ y PPo). Todos los haptenos sintetizados fueron después enlazados covalentemente mediante el método del éster activo a diversas proteínas transportadoras (BSA, OVA y HRP) para dar lugar a un conjunto de conjugados proteína–hapteno. Algunos de ellos fueron después inoculados en animales de laboratorio, lo que dio lugar a una colección de anticuerpos policlonales de conejo y monoclonales de ratón específicos para fluopyram y penthiopyrad. Los anticuerpos generados fueron caracterizados mediante ELISA competitivo en dos formatos para determinar su afinidad y especificidad frente a fluopyram y penthiopyrad, así como para encontrar las condiciones más adecuadas para el desarrollo de los inmunoensayos deseados. En el caso de fluopyram, se encontró que los dos inmunógenos inoculados, basados en los haptenos FPa y FPb, presentaron una capacidad similar para generar anticuerpos de elevada afinidad hacia el fungicida, lo que podría deberse a la adquisición de una conformación plegada similar por parte de ambos y por tanto la exposición de elementos equivalentes durante la respuesta inmunitaria. En cuanto a penthiopyrad, el mejor inmunógeno resultó ser el basado en el hapteno PPm, que presentaba una gran similitud con el analito al aprovechar su fragmento alifático ramificado característico como brazo espaciador; de hecho, el reconocimiento molecular mostró gran dependencia con las variaciones estereoelectrónicas inducidas por el brazo espaciador. En general, con los anticuerpos generados se pudieron llevar a cabo inmunoensayos capaces de detectar hasta 24 pg/g de fluopyram y 33 pg/g de penthiopyrad. En paralelo a la caracterización de los anticuerpos policlonales y monoclonales, se llevó a cabo un estudio de la respuesta inmunitaria hacia moléculas pequeñas haciendo uso de inmunógenos basados en nanotubos de carbono, a los que se unió covalentemente el conjugado BSA–PPm o bien el hapteno PPm. Los dos complejos fueron inoculados en conejos de laboratorio siguiendo distintas pautas y acompañados o no de adyuvante de Freund, y se monitorizó mediante ELISA competitivo la evolución del título y de la afinidad de los anticuerpos generados. El resultado permitió concluir que es posible desencadenar el proceso de maduración de la respuesta inmunitaria (respuesta inmunitaria secundaria) hacia el hapteno PPm sin mediación proteica y con dosis tan bajas como 0.1 μg de hapteno, siempre y cuando en la respuesta inmunitaria primaria (primer contacto con el inmunógeno) sí exista participación de proteína transportadora y se incluya adyuvante de Freund en todo el proceso. Además, se comprobó que los inmunógenos basados en nanotubos de carbono presentan carácter autoadyuvante cuando contienen proteína transportadora. Con toda la información recabada, se seleccionaron cuatro inmunoensayos de tipo ELISA competitivo, dos por cada analito, y se evaluó la influencia de las variables fisicoquímicas más importantes del ensayo (pH y fuerza iónica) en sus parámetros, así como la tolerancia a algunos disolventes orgánicos (metanol, etanol y acetonitrilo), observándose una gran robustez por parte de todos ellos. Tras esta caracterización, los ensayos se dieron por desarrollados y se procedió a su aplicación a muestras fortificadas y tratadas en campo de ciruela y uva, así como a muestras de mosto y vino derivadas de las de uva. Las frutas se analizaron en forma de extractos orgánicos obtenidos mediante el procedimiento denominado QuEChERS (método oficial de la EFSA para la extracción de plaguicidas de muestras vegetales), mientras que los mostos y vinos se analizaron de forma directa. Con los métodos inmunoquímicos desarrollados fue posible la cuantificación de hasta 5 ng/mL de ambos fungicidas en extractos de frutas y de 10 ng/mL en mostos y vinos. Estos excelentes límites analíticos resultaron ser muy inferiores a los límites máximos de residuo (LMR) establecidos para dichas frutas en la Unión Europea, con lo que se dio por logrado el objetivo principal de la Tesis Doctoral. Finalmente, y como un estudio adicional para demostrar su aplicabilidad real, los inmunoensayos desarrollados se aplicaron a la evaluación de la transferencia de fluopyram y penthiopyrad de la uva al vino, concluyéndose que el primero se transfiere completamente y que el segundo lo hace aproximadamente en un 50%. Pesticides constitute nowadays an efficient and necessary way to fight against most pests that affect crops. However, as residues may remain in final foodstuffs, there could be a food security issue. Thus, development of highly sensitive and selective analytic methods is required in order to detect residue concentrations as low as possible. In this context, development of highly sensitive and selective immunochemical methods for fluopyram and penthiopyrad analysis in food has been addressed in this Doctoral Thesis. Fluopyram and penthiopyrad are two novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides. Immunochemical methods make use of specific antibodies in order to detect the analyte(s) of interest. As they are highly versatile, reliable, economical and simple, among other properties, the proposed immunoassays could work as complementary and alternative methods to conventional chromatographic analysis in certain applications, such as food crisis or specific monitoring of a particular substance in a large set of samples. To achieve this purpose, a very well defined procedure was followed, which was established after several decades of research with small molecules similar to fluopyram and penthiopyrad. Firstly, four functionalized analogues (haptens) of fluopyram (named FPa, FPb, FPha’ and FPhb) were obtained by means of total organic synthesis. Each of them incorporated an equivalent spacer arm finished in a carboxyl group for covalent protein binding, and they were placed in opposite positions of the structure. A set of five haptens of penthiopyrad (named PPa, PPb, PPm, PPd’ and PPo) were synthesized in the same way. All haptens were then covalently linked to various proteins (BSA, OVA and HRP) using the active esther method, which afforded a set of hapten–protein conjugates. Some of them were inoculated in laboratory animals, which led to a collection of rabbit polyclonal and mouse monoclonal antibodies specific for fluopyram and penthiopyrad. The generated antibodies were then evaluated by competitive ELISA in two formats in order to evaluate their affinity and specificity to both fungicides and then stablish the best conditions for immunoassay development. In the case of fluopyram, it was found that both inoculated immunogens derived from haptens FPa and FPb had similar ability to generate high affinity antibodies for the fungicide, which could be explained assuming that both haptens expose the same immunodeterminant elements after getting into a folded conformation similar to fluopyram’s minimum energy conformation. As for penthiopyrad, the best immunogen was based in hapten PPm, which is very similar to penthiopyrad as its ramified aliphatic fragment is used as the spacer arm in the hapten. In fact, molecular recognition showed to be very dependent on stereoelectronic variations induced by the spacer. In general terms, immunoassays performed with the generated antibodies allowed to detect fluopyram from 24 pg/g and penthiopyrad from 33 pg/g. Together with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies characterization, a study of the immune response to small molecules using immunogens based in carbon nanotubes was taken. Carbon nanotubes were covalently linked to either BSA–PPm conjugate or hapten PPm. Then, both complexes were inoculated in laboratory rabbits following different procedures and either emulsified with Freund’s adjuvant or simply diluted in aqueous buffer. The immune response was periodically monitored by competitive ELISA in terms of title and affinity to penthiopyrad of the generated antibodies. The first conclusion of the study was that it is possible to induce maturation of the immune response (secondary immune response) to hapten PPm without protein and hapten doses as low as 0.1 μg, provided that protein is inoculated in the first boost (primary immune response) and immunogens are always emulsified with Freund’s adjuvant. The second conclusion was that carbon nanotubes show self-adjuvant properties provided that protein is present. With all the collected information, two competitive ELISA for fluopyram and two for penthiopyrad were selected, and the influence of the most important physicochemical variables (pH and ionic strength) of the assays and their tolerance to various organic solvents (methanol, ethanol and acetonitrile) were studied. Results showed that selected immunoassays were very stable, so their development was concluded. Therefore, final assays were applied to the analysis of fluopyram and penthiopyrad in fortified and field samples of plums and grapes, as well as the corresponding musts and wines. Fruits were analysed as their organic extracts obtained by the QuEChERS procedure (EFSA official method for pesticide extraction from vegetal samples), whilst musts and wines were analysed directly after dilution in water. The developed immunochemical methods allowed to quantify from 5 ng/mL of both fungicides in fruit extracts and from 10 ng/g in musts and wines. These excellent analytical limits proved to be much lower than the maximum residue levels (MRL) established in the European Union for plums and grapes, so the main objective of this Doctoral Thesis was achieved. Finally, an additional study to demonstrate immunoassays’ real applicability was taken to evaluate the transference of fluopyram and penthiopyrad from grapes to wines. The conclusion was that fluopyram is completely transferred to wine, while only 50% of penthiopyrad passes to it.
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- 2017
11. Combined heterologies for monoclonal antibody-based immunoanalysis of fluxapyroxad
- Author
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Ceballos-Alcantarilla, Eric, primary, López-Puertollano, Daniel, additional, Agulló, Consuelo, additional, Abad-Fuentes, Antonio, additional, Abad-Somovilla, Antonio, additional, and Mercader, Josep V., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. High-affinity Antibodies from a Full Penthiopyrad-mimicking Hapten and Heterologous Immunoassay Development for Fruit Juice Analysis
- Author
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ceballos Alcantarilla, Eric, Agulló, Consuelo, Abad Fuentes, Antonio, Escamilla, Mónica, Abad Somovilla, Antonio, Mercader Badia, Josep Vicent, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ceballos Alcantarilla, Eric, Agulló, Consuelo, Abad Fuentes, Antonio, Escamilla, Mónica, Abad Somovilla, Antonio, and Mercader Badia, Josep Vicent
- Abstract
New-generation succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors with increased antifungal performance have been developed during the last years. Particularly, penthiopyrad has been recently introduced in the agrochemical market as a complementary fungicide for combined treatments with other active principles displaying a different mode of action. In the present study, rapid and high-throughput analytical methods for penthiopyrad residue determination in foodstuffs were developed. A novel functionalized hapten that completely mimics the molecule of penthiopyrad was designed for high-affinity and specific antibody generation. Moreover, heterologous haptens were synthesized, and the influence of their respective molecular modifications over antibody binding was evaluated by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Two immunoassays were optimized using alternative assay formats, affording limits of detection for penthiopyrad in buffer around 0.07 ng/mL in both cases. Performance, in terms of accuracy and precision, of the developed immunochemical methods was studied using apple juice and red and white grape juices. The obtained results showed that penthiopyrad could be determined in those food samples in compliance with European maximum residue limits.
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- 2017
13. Protein-Free Hapten-Carbon Nanotube Constructs Induce the Secondary Immune Response
- Author
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Ceballos-Alcantarilla, Eric, primary, Abad-Somovilla, Antonio, additional, Agulló, Consuelo, additional, Abad-Fuentes, Antonio, additional, and Mercader, Josep V., additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Rational design of a fluopyram hapten and preparation of bioconjugates and antibodies for immunoanalysis
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), CSIC - Unidad de Recursos de Información Científica para la Investigación (URICI), Universidad de Valencia, European Commission, Ceballos Alcantarilla, Eric, Agulló, Consuelo, Abad Fuentes, Antonio, Abad Somovilla, Antonio, Mercader Badia, Josep Vicent, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), CSIC - Unidad de Recursos de Información Científica para la Investigación (URICI), Universidad de Valencia, European Commission, Ceballos Alcantarilla, Eric, Agulló, Consuelo, Abad Fuentes, Antonio, Abad Somovilla, Antonio, and Mercader Badia, Josep Vicent
- Abstract
A fluopyram hapten was designed in which insignificant electronic and structural modifications were foreseen and all potentially interacting chemical moieties were maintained. This hapten was prepared by total synthesis and three immunologically active bioconjugates were obtained and characterized. High-affinity and specific antibodies to fluopyram were raised.
- Published
- 2015
15. Haptens, bioconjugates, and antibodies for penthiopyrad immunosensing
- Author
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CSIC - Unidad de Recursos de Información Científica para la Investigación (URICI), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Universidad de Valencia, Ceballos Alcantarilla, Eric, Abad Fuentes, Antonio, Aloisio, Vincenzo, Agulló, Consuelo, Abad Somovilla, Antonio, Mercader Badia, Josep Vicent, CSIC - Unidad de Recursos de Información Científica para la Investigación (URICI), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Universidad de Valencia, Ceballos Alcantarilla, Eric, Abad Fuentes, Antonio, Aloisio, Vincenzo, Agulló, Consuelo, Abad Somovilla, Antonio, and Mercader Badia, Josep Vicent
- Abstract
Haptens, bioconjugates, and antibodies for highly sensitive immunochemical analysis of the new-generation fungicide penthiopyrad are described. Two haptens with equivalent carboxylated linkers were prepared, and the purified active esters were efficiently coupled to proteins. The results revealed slightly different antibody-eliciting capacities for the two synthetic derivatives. All of the produced antibodies were specific for penthiopyrad, and showed affinity values in the nanomolar range.
- Published
- 2014
16. Haptens, bioconjugates, and antibodies for penthiopyrad immunosensing
- Author
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Ceballos-Alcantarilla, Eric, primary, Abad-Fuentes, Antonio, additional, Aloisio, Vincenzo, additional, Agulló, Consuelo, additional, Abad-Somovilla, Antonio, additional, and Mercader, Josep V., additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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