37 results on '"Castrucci, Maria Rita"'
Search Results
2. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in Italy: Age, subtype-specific and vaccine type estimates 2014/15 season
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Rizzo, Caterina, Bella, Antonino, Alfonsi, Valeria, Puzelli, Simona, Palmieri, Anna Pina, Chironna, Maria, Pariani, Elena, Piatti, Alessandra, Tiberti, Donatella, Ghisetti, Valeria, Rangoni, Roberto, Colucci, Maria Eugenia, Affanni, Paola, Germinario, Cinzia, and Castrucci, Maria Rita
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- 2016
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3. Generation of switched memory B cells in response to vaccination in Down syndrome children and their siblings
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Valentini, Diletta, Marcellini, Valentina, Bianchi, Simona, Villani, Alberto, Facchini, Marzia, Donatelli, Isabella, Castrucci, Maria Rita, Marasco, Emiliano, Farroni, Chiara, and Carsetti, Rita
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- 2015
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4. Long-Term Serological Investigations of Influenza A Virus in Free-Living Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) from Northern Italy (2007–2014)
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De Marco, Maria Alessandra, primary, Cotti, Claudia, additional, Raffini, Elisabetta, additional, Frasnelli, Matteo, additional, Prosperi, Alice, additional, Zanni, Irene, additional, Romanini, Chiara, additional, Castrucci, Maria Rita, additional, Chiapponi, Chiara, additional, and Delogu, Mauro, additional
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- 2022
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5. Exploring mucosal immunization with a recombinant influenza virus carrying an HIV-polyepitope in mice with pre-existing immunity to influenza
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Garulli, Bruno, Di Mario, Giuseppina, Stillitano, Maria Giuseppina, Kawaoka, Yoshihiro, and Castrucci, Maria Rita
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- 2014
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6. Antibody but not memory B-cell responses are tuned-down in vertically HIV-1 infected children and young individuals being vaccinated yearly against influenza
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Rinaldi, Stefano, Zangari, Paola, Cotugno, Nicola, Manno, Emma Concetta, Brolatti, Noemi, Castrucci, Maria Rita, Donatelli, Isabella, Rossi, Paolo, Palma, Paolo, and Cagigi, Alberto
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- 2014
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7. Detection and full genome characterization of two beta CoV viruses related to Middle East respiratory syndrome from bats in Italy
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Moreno, Ana, Lelli, Davide, de Sabato, Luca, Zaccaria, Guendalina, Boni, Arianna, Sozzi, Enrica, Prosperi, Alice, Lavazza, Antonio, Cella, Eleonora, Castrucci, Maria Rita, Ciccozzi, Massimo, and Vaccari, Gabriele
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- 2017
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8. Human infection with highly pathogenic A(H7N7) avian influenza virus, Italy, 2013
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Puzelli, Simona, Rossini, Giada, Facchini, Marzia, Vaccari, Gabriele, Di Trani, Livia, Di Martino, Angela, Gaibani, Paolo, Vocale, Caterina, Cattoli, Giovanni, Bennett, Michael, McCauley, John W., Rezza, Giovanni, Moro, Maria Luisa, Rangoni, Roberto, Finarelli, Alba Carola, Landini, Maria Paola, Castrucci, Maria Rita, and Donatelli, Isabella
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Avian influenza -- Distribution -- Demographic aspects -- Research ,Avian influenza viruses -- Identification and classification -- Genetic aspects -- Research ,Company distribution practices ,Health - Abstract
In Europe, avian influenza viruses of subtype H7 have been responsible for several disease outbreaks among poultry, which resulted in human infections (1,2). Notably, since 2000, outbreaks of avian influenza [...]
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- 2014
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9. Predominance of influenza virus A(H3N2) 3C.2a1b and A(H1N1)pdm09 6B.1A5A genetic subclades in the WHO European Region, 2018–2019
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Melidou, Angeliki, Hungnes, Olav, Pereyaslov, Dmitriy, Adlhoch, Cornelia, Segaloff, Hannah, Robesyn, Emmanuel, Penttinen, Pasi, Olsen, Sonja J., Redlberger-Fritz, Monika, Popow-Kraupp, Therese, Hasibra, Iris, Simaku, Artan, Thomas, Isabelle, Barbezange, Cyril, Dedeić-Ljubović, Amela, Rodić-Vukmir, Nina, Korsun, Neli, Angenova, Svetla, Draženović, Vladimir, Koliou, Maria, Pieridou, Despo, Havlickova, Martina, Nagy, Alexander, Trebbien, Ramona, Galiano, Monica, Thompson, Catherine, Ikonen, Niina, Haveri, Anu, Behillil, Sylvie, Enouf, Vincent, Valette, Martine, Lina, Bruno, Gavashelidze, Mari, Machablishvili, Ann, Gioula, Georgia, Exindari, Maria, Kossyvakis, Athanasios, Mentis, Andreas, Dürrwald, Ralf, Zsuzsanna, Molnar, Monika, Rozsa, Löve, Arthur, Erna, Gudrun, Dunford, Linda, Fitzpatrick, Sarah, Castrucci, Maria Rita, Puzelli, Simona, Sagymbay, Altynay, Nussupbayeva, Gaukhar, Zamjatina, Natalija, Pakarna, Gatis, Griskevičius, Algirdas, Skrickiene, Asta, Fournier, Guillaume, Mossong, Joel, Melillo, Jackie, Zahra, Graziella, Meijer, Adam, Fouchier, Ron, McCaughey, Conall, O'Doherty, Mark, Bragstad, Karoline, Guiomar, Raquel, Pechirra, Pedro, Apostol, Mariana, Alina, Druc, Lazar, Mihaela, Maria, Cherciu Carmen, Komissarov, Andrey, Burtseva, Elena, Gunson, Rory N., Shepherd, Samantha, Tichá, Elena, Staronova, Edita, Prosenc, Katarina, Berginc, Nataša, Pozo, Francisco, Casas, Inmaculada, Brytting, Mia, Wiman, Åsa, Gonçalves, Ana Rita, Demchyshyna, Iryna, Mironenko, Alla, Moore, Catherine, Cottrell, Simon, and European Region influenza surveillance network
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Influenzavirus A ,Infecções Respiratórias ,viruses ,030231 tropical medicine ,Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ,Biology ,World Health Organization ,Virus ,Antigenic ,03 medical and health sciences ,Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ,0302 clinical medicine ,Vaccine strain ,Genetic ,Antigen ,Influenza, Human ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Clade ,Phylogeny ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Surveillance ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Subclade ,European region ,Virology ,A h1n1 pdm09 ,Influenza ,Amino acid ,Europe ,Infectious Diseases ,chemistry ,Influenza Vaccines ,RNA, Viral ,Molecular Medicine ,Vaccine - Abstract
Network authors: Portugal - Raquel Guiomar, Pedro Pechirra, National Influenza Reference Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal Background: The 2018/2019 influenza season in the WHO European Region was dominated by influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 and (H3N2) viruses, with very few influenza B viruses detected. Methods: Countries in the European Region reported virus characterization data to The European Surveillance System for weeks 40/2018 to 20/2019. These virus antigenic and genetic characterization and haemagglutinin (HA) sequence data were analysed to describe and assess circulating viruses relative to the 2018/2019 vaccine virus components for the northern hemisphere. Results: Thirty countries reported 4776 viruses characterized genetically and 3311 viruses antigenically. All genetically characterized A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses fell in subclade 6B.1A, of which 90% carried the amino acid substitution S183P in the HA gene. Antigenic data indicated that circulating A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses were similar to the 2018/2019 vaccine virus. Genetic data showed that A(H3N2) viruses mostly fell in clade 3C.2a (75%) and 90% of which were subclade 3C.2a1b. A lower proportion fell in clade 3C.3a (23%) and were antigenically distinct from the vaccine virus. All B/Victoria viruses belonged to clade 1A; 30% carried a double amino acid deletion in HA and were genetically and antigenically similar to the vaccine virus component, while 55% carried a triple amino acid deletion or no deletion in HA; these were antigenically distinct from each other and from the vaccine component. All B/Yamagata viruses belonged to clade 3 and were antigenically similar to the virus component in the quadrivalent vaccine for 2018/2019. Conclusions: A simultaneous circulation of genetically and antigenically diverse A(H3N2) and B/Victoria viruses was observed and represented a challenge to vaccine strain selection. Highlights: Co-circulation of different clades/subclades of influenza A viruses in 2018/2019 in the Region; Most circulating A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses (6B.1A) carried S183P in hemagglutinin; Genetically heterogeneous A(H3N2) viruses, with co-circulation of clades 3C.2a and 3C.3a; Antigenically distinct A(H3N2) clade 3C.3a viruses were increasingly detected until 02/2019 and then decreased; Co-circulation of genetically and antigenically diverse A(H3N2) strains challenges vaccine strain selection. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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- 2020
10. Serologic Evidence of Occupational Exposure to Avian Influenza Viruses at the Wildfowl/Poultry/Human Interface
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De Marco, Maria Alessandra, primary, Delogu, Mauro, additional, Facchini, Marzia, additional, Di Trani, Livia, additional, Boni, Arianna, additional, Cotti, Claudia, additional, Graziosi, Giulia, additional, Venturini, Diana, additional, Regazzi, Denise, additional, Ravaioli, Valentina, additional, Marzadori, Fausto, additional, Frasnelli, Matteo, additional, Castrucci, Maria Rita, additional, and Raffini, Elisabetta, additional
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- 2021
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11. Impact of a Nationwide Lockdown on SARS-CoV-2 Transmissibility, Italy
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Guzzetta, Giorgio, Riccardo, Flavia, Marziano, Valentina, Poletti, Piero, Trentini, Filippo, Bella, Antonino, Andrianou, Xanthi, del Manso, Martina, Fabiani, Massimo, Bellino, Stefania, Boros, Stefano, Mateo-Urdiales, Alberto, Vescio, Maria Fenicia, Piccioli, Andrea, Brusaferro, Silvio, Rezza, Giovanni, Pezzotti, Patrizio, Ajelli, Marco, Merler, Stefano, Castrucci, Maria Rita, Ciervo, Alessandra, D’Ancona, Fortunato (Paolo), Di Benedetto, Corrado, Filia, Antonietta, Giannitelli, Stefania, Punzo, Ornella, Rota, Maria Cristina, Siddu, Andrea, Stefanelli, Paola, Tallon, Marco, Urciuoli, Roberta, Petrucci, Antonia, Labianca, Michele, Mignuoli, Anna Domenica, D'Argenzio, Angelo, Massimiliani, Erika, Gallo, Tolinda, Scognamiglio, Paola, Sticchi, Camilla, Cereda, Danilo, Fiacchini, Daniel, Sforza, Francesco, Zuccaro, Maria Grazia, Benetollo, Pier Paolo, Tiberti, Donatella, Chironna, Maria, Palmas, Maria Antonietta, Scondotto, Salvatore, Balocchini, Emanuela, Tosti, Anna, Ruffier, Mauro, and Da Re, Filippo
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Time Factors ,Epidemiology ,Reproduction number ,Expedited ,lcsh:Medicine ,COVID-19 ,Italy ,SARS ,SARS-CoV-2 ,coronavirus disease ,lockdown ,reproduction number ,respiratory infections ,severe acute respiratory syndrome ,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ,transmissibility ,viruses ,zoonoses ,Communicable Disease Control ,Humans ,Public Health ,Impact of a Nationwide Lockdown on SARS-CoV-2 Transmissibility, Italy ,Medical and Health Sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Zoonoses ,Medicine ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Dispatch ,Transmissibility (vibration) ,3. Good health ,Coronavirus disease ,Infectious Diseases ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome ,Viruses ,COVID-19, ITALY, SARS, SARS-COV-2, CORONAVIRUS DISEASE, LOCKDOWN, REPRODUCTION NUMBER, RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS, SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME, SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS 2, TRANSMISSIBILITY, VIRUSES, ZOONOSES, COVID-19, COMMUNICABLE DISEASE CONTROL, HUMANS, ITALY, PUBLIC HEALTH, TIME FACTORS, SARS-COV-2 ,Microbiology (medical) ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,030231 tropical medicine ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,Lockdown ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,business.industry ,Transmissibility ,lcsh:R ,Respiratory infections ,Clinical Medicine ,business ,Coronavirus Infections ,Demography - Abstract
On March 11, 2020, Italy imposed a national lockdown to curtail the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. We estimate that, 14 days after lockdown, the net reproduction number had dropped below 1 and remained stable at »0.76 (95% CI 0.67-0.85) in all regions for >3 of the following weeks.
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- 2021
12. Nonrespiratory Complications and Obesity in Patients Dying with COVID-19 in Italy
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Onder, Graziano, Palmieri, Luigi, Vanacore, Nicola, Giuliano, Marina, Brusaferro, Silvio, Agazio, Elvira, Andrianou, Xanthi, Barbariol, Pierfrancesco, Bella, Antonino, Bellino, Stefania, Benelli, Eva, Bertinato, Luigi, Boros, Stefano, Brambilla, Gianfranco, Calcagnini, Giovanni, Canevelli, Marco, Castrucci, Maria Rita, Censi, Federica, Ciervo, Alessandra, Colaizzo, Elisa, DAncona, Fortunato, Del Manso, Martina, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Fabiani, Massimo, Facchiano, Francesco, Filia, Antonietta, Floridia, Marco, Galati, Fabio, Grisetti, Tiziana, Kodra, Yllka, Langer, Martin, Lega, Ilaria, Lo Noce, Cinzia, Maiozzi, Pietro, Malchiodi Albedi, Fiorella, Manno, Valerio, Martini, Margherita, Mateo Urdiales, Alberto, Mattei, Eugenio, Meduri, Claudia, Meli, Paola, Minelli, Giada, Nebuloni, Manuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Nonis, Marino, Palmisano, Lucia, Petrosillo, Nicola, Pezzotti, Patrizio, Pricci, Flavia, Punzo, Ornella, Puro, Vincenzo, Raparelli, Valeria, Rezza, Giovanni, Riccardo, Flavia, Cristina Rota, Maria, Salerno, Paolo, Serra, Debora, Siddu, Andrea, Stefanelli, Paola, Tamburo De Bella, Manuela, Tiple, Dorina, Unim, Brigid, Vaianella, Luana, Vichi, Monica, Rocco Villani, Emanuele, and Zona, Amerigo
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Demographics ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,COVID-19 ,Comorbidity ,Female ,Humans ,Italy ,Middle Aged ,Obesity ,Odds Ratio ,Risk Factors ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Disease ,Logistic regression ,NO ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,death ,80 and over ,medicine ,In patient ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,obesity ,coronavirus disease ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Shock (circulatory) ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the impact of obesity on nonrespiratory complications in patients dying with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). METHODS: Medical charts of 3,694 of patients dying with COVID-19 in Italy were reviewed to extract information on demographics, preexisting comorbidities, and in-hospital complications leading to death. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed to assess the association of obesity with nonrespiratory complications. These analyses were adjusted for age, gender, and number of preexisting comorbidities. RESULTS: Obesity was present in 411/3,694 (11.1%) patients dying with COVID-19. Obesity was significantly associated with increased probability of experiencing acute renal failure (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.33; 95% CI: 1.04-1.71) and shock (adjusted OR, 1.54; 95% CI: 1.19-1.99). The associations of obesity with acute renal failure and shock were stronger in patients aged < 60 years (adjusted OR, 2.00; 95% CI: 1.09-3.67 and OR, 2.37; 95% CI 1.29-4.36) than in those aged 60 years or older (adjusted OR, 1.20; 95% CI: 0.90-1.60 and OR, 1.22; 95% CI: 0.91-1.65). CONCLUSIONS: In patients dying with COVID-19 in Italy, obesity is associated with an increased probability of nonrespiratory complications, particularly shock and acute renal failure. These associations seem stronger in younger than in older adults. Strategies should be put in place in patients with COVID-19 with obesity to prevent these complications.
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- 2020
13. Virological surveillance of influenza viruses in the WHO European Region in 2019/20 – impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
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Melidou, Angeliki, Pereyaslov, Dmitriy, Hungnes, Olav, Prosenc, Katarina, Alm, Erik, Adlhoch, Cornelia, Fielding, James, Sneiderman, Miriam, Martinuka, Oksana, Celentano, Lucia Pastore, Pebody, Richard, Redlberger-Fritz, Monika, Aberle, Judith, Trebbien, Ramona, Nissen, Jakob Nybo, Ikonen, Niina, Haveri, Anu, Dürrwald, Ralf, Gioula, Georgia, Exindari, Maria, Kossyvakis, Athanasios, Mentis, Andreas, Dunford, Linda, Domegan, Lisa, Castrucci, Maria Rita, Puzelli, Simona, Zamjatina, Natalija, Pakarna, Gatis, Griskevičius, Algirdas, Skrickiene, Asta, Fournier, Guillaume, Mossong, Joel, Meijer, Adam, Fouchier, Ron, Bragstad, Karoline, Guiomar, Raquel, Pechirra, Pedro, Lazar, Mihaela, Maria, Cherciu Carmen, Komissarov, Andrey, Danilenko, Daria, Burtseva, Elena, Tichá, Elena, Staronova, Edita, Berginc, Nataša, Pozo, Francisco, Inmaculada Casas, Majadahonda, Brytting, Mia, Gonçalves, Ana Rita, Demchyshyna, Iryna, Lackenby, Angie, Thompson, Catherine, Gunson, Rory N, Shepherd, Samantha J, Moore, Catherine, Cottrell, Simon, Penttinen, Pasi, Pastore Celentano, Lucia, McCauley, John, and Daniels, Rodney
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2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Epidemiology ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,030231 tropical medicine ,Pneumonia, Viral ,influenza virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Betacoronavirus ,0302 clinical medicine ,Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ,Virology ,Pandemic ,Influenza, Human ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Virus characterization ,Antigens, Viral ,Disease Notification ,Pandemics ,Surveillance ,biology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,pandemic ,Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,COVID-19 ,Influenza a ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,biology.organism_classification ,European region ,Europe ,Influenza B virus ,Influenza A virus ,Population Surveillance ,virus characterization ,Epidemiological Monitoring ,surveillance ,RNA, Viral ,Influenza virus ,Coronavirus Infections ,Rapid Communication - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the 2019/20 WHO European Region influenza surveillance. Compared with previous 4-year averages, antigenic and genetic characterisations decreased by 17% (3,140 vs 2,601) and 24% (4,474 vs 3,403). Of subtyped influenza A viruses, 56% (26,477/47,357) were A(H1)pdm09, 44% (20,880/47,357) A(H3). Of characterised B viruses, 98% (4,585/4,679) were B/Victoria. Considerable numbers of viruses antigenically differed from northern hemisphere vaccine components. In 2020/21, maintaining influenza virological surveillance, while supporting SARS-CoV-2 surveillance is crucial.
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- 2020
14. Eco-Virological Preliminary Study of Potentially Emerging Pathogens in Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) Recovered at a Wildlife Treatment and Rehabilitation Center in Northern Italy
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Delogu, Mauro, primary, Cotti, Claudia, additional, Lelli, Davide, additional, Sozzi, Enrica, additional, Trogu, Tiziana, additional, Lavazza, Antonio, additional, Garuti, Giacomo, additional, Castrucci, Maria Rita, additional, Vaccari, Gabriele, additional, De Marco, Maria Alessandra, additional, and Moreno, Ana, additional
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- 2020
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15. Comorbidity status of deceased COVID-19 in-patients in Italy.
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Vetrano, Davide Liborio, Tazzeo, Clare, Palmieri, Luigi, Marengoni, Alessandra, Zucchelli, Alberto, Lo Noce, Cinzia, Onder, Graziano, Italian National Institute of Health Covid-Mortality Group, Andrianou, Xanthi, Barbariol, Pierfrancesco, Bella, Antonino, Bellino, Stefania, Benelli, Eva, Bertinato, Luigi, Boros, Stefano, Brambilla, Gianfranco, Calcagnini, Giovanni, Canevelli, Marco, Castrucci, Maria Rita, and Censi, Federica
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Background: Most COVID-19-related deaths have occurred in older persons with comorbidities. Specific patterns of comorbidities related to COVID-19 deaths have not been investigated. Methods: A random sample of 6085 individuals in Italy who died in-hospital with confirmed COVID-19 between February and December 2020 were included. Observed to expected (O/E) ratios of disease pairs were computed and logistic regression models were used to determine the association between disease pairs with O/E values ≥ 1.5. Results: Six pairs of diseases exhibited O/E values ≥ 1.5 and statistically significant higher odds of co-occurrence in the crude and adjusted analyses: (1) ischemic heart disease and atrial fibrillation, (2) atrial fibrillation and heart failure, (3) atrial fibrillation and stroke, (4) heart failure and COPD, (5) stroke and dementia, and (6) type 2 diabetes and obesity. Conclusion: In those deceased in-hospital due to COVID-19 in Italy, disease combinations defined by multiple cardio-respiratory, metabolic, and neuropsychiatric diseases occur more frequently than expected. This finding indicates a need to investigate the possible role of these clinical profiles in the chain of events that lead to death in individuals who have contracted SARS-CoV-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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16. Effectiveness of the trivalent MF59 adjuvated influenza vaccine in preventing hospitalization due to influenza B and A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses in the elderly in Italy, 2017 – 2018 season
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Bella, Antonino, primary, Gesualdo, Francesco, additional, Orsi, Andrea, additional, Arcuri, Claudia, additional, Chironna, Maria, additional, Loconsole, Daniela, additional, Napoli, Christian, additional, Orsi, Giovanni Battista, additional, Manini, Ilaria, additional, Montomoli, Emanuele, additional, Alfonsi, Valeria, additional, Castrucci, Maria Rita, additional, and Rizzo, Caterina, additional
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- 2019
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17. Nonrespiratory Complications and Obesity in Patients Dying with COVID‐19 in Italy.
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Onder, Graziano, Palmieri, Luigi, Vanacore, Nicola, Giuliano, Marina, Brusaferro, Silvio, Agazio, Elvira, Andrianou, Xanthi, Barbariol, Pierfrancesco, Bella, Antonino, Bellino, Stefania, Benelli, Eva, Bertinato, Luigi, Boros, Stefano, Brambilla, Gianfranco, Calcagnini, Giovanni, Canevelli, Marco, Castrucci, Maria Rita, Censi, Federica, Ciervo, Alessandra, and Colaizzo, Elisa
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COVID-19 ,OBESITY complications ,TERMINALLY ill ,ACUTE kidney failure ,OLDER people - Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of obesity on nonrespiratory complications in patients dying with coronavirus disease (COVID‐19). Methods: Medical charts of 3,694 of patients dying with COVID‐19 in Italy were reviewed to extract information on demographics, preexisting comorbidities, and in‐hospital complications leading to death. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed to assess the association of obesity with nonrespiratory complications. These analyses were adjusted for age, gender, and number of preexisting comorbidities. Results: Obesity was present in 411/3,694 (11.1%) patients dying with COVID‐19. Obesity was significantly associated with increased probability of experiencing acute renal failure (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.33; 95% CI: 1.04‐1.71) and shock (adjusted OR, 1.54; 95% CI: 1.19‐1.99). The associations of obesity with acute renal failure and shock were stronger in patients aged < 60 years (adjusted OR, 2.00; 95% CI: 1.09‐3.67 and OR, 2.37; 95% CI 1.29‐4.36) than in those aged 60 years or older (adjusted OR, 1.20; 95% CI: 0.90‐1.60 and OR, 1.22; 95% CI: 0.91‐1.65). Conclusions: In patients dying with COVID‐19 in Italy, obesity is associated with an increased probability of nonrespiratory complications, particularly shock and acute renal failure. These associations seem stronger in younger than in older adults. Strategies should be put in place in patients with COVID‐19 with obesity to prevent these complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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18. Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases and estimates of the reproductive numbers 1 month into the epidemic, Italy, 28 January to 31 March 2020.
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Riccardo, Flavia, Ajelli, Marco, D Andrianou, Xanthi, Bella, Antonino, Del Manso, Martina, Fabiani, Massimo, Bellino, Stefania, Boros, Stefano, Urdiales, Alberto Mateo, Marziano, Valentina, Rota, Maria Cristina, Filia, Antonietta, D'Ancona, Fortunato, Siddu, Andrea, Punzo, Ornella, Trentini, Filippo, Guzzetta, Giorgio, Poletti, Piero, Stefanelli, Paola, and Castrucci, Maria Rita
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- 2020
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19. Whole genome and phylogenetic analysis of two SARSCoV-2 strains isolated in Italy in January and February 2020: additional clues on multiple introductions and further circulation in Europe.
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Stefanelli, Paola, Faggioni, Giovanni, Lo Presti, Alessandra, Fiore, Stefano, Marchi, Antonella, Benedetti, Eleonora, Fabiani, Concetta, Anselmo, Anna, Ciammaruconi, Andrea, Fortunato, Antonella, De Santis, Riccardo, Fillo, Silvia, Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria, Gismondo, Maria Rita, Ciervo, Alessandra, Rezza, Giovanni, Castrucci, Maria Rita, and Lista, Florigio
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- 2020
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20. Moderate influenza vaccine effectiveness against A(H1N1)pdm09 virus, and low effectiveness against A(H3N2) subtype, 2018/19 season in Italy.
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Bellino, Stefania, Bella, Antonino, Puzelli, Simona, Di Martino, Angela, Facchini, Marzia, Punzo, Ornella, Pezzotti, Patrizio, Castrucci, Maria Rita, and the InfluNet Study Group
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INFLUENZA vaccines ,VACCINE effectiveness ,AGE groups ,INFLUENZA - Abstract
Background: Influenza vaccines are updated every year to match the vaccine strains with currently circulating viruses; consequently influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) has to be assessed annually. Research design and methods: A test-negative case-control study was conducted within the context of the Italian sentinel influenza surveillance network to estimate IVE by age group, virus subtype, and vaccine brand in medically attended laboratory-confirmed influenza. Results: In Italy, the 2018/19 influenza season was characterized by the co-circulation of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses. The adjusted IVE estimate in preventing influenza was moderate (44.8%, 95% CI: 18.8 to 62.5) against A(H1N1)pdm09, whereas there was no evidence of effectiveness (1.8%, 95% CI: −37.8 to 30.1) in persons affected by A(H3N2). IVE against A(H1N1)pdm09 decreased with age ranging from 65.7% to 13.1% among children/adolescents and elderly, respectively; moreover results suggest that Vaxigrip Tetra® was more effective against A(H1N1)pdm09 compared to Fluarix Tetra® [62.5% (95% CI: 34.3 to 78.6) vs 24.5% (95% CI: −40.6 to 59.6)]. Low effectiveness (35.2%, 95% CI: −50.8 to 72.1) against A(H3N2) was detected only in the elderly immunized with Fluad®. Conclusions: Findings suggest that influenza vaccines were low to moderately effective, probably due to a mismatch between circulating and vaccine strains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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21. Integrase Defective Lentiviral Vector as a Vaccine Platform for Delivering Influenza Antigens
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Gallinaro, Alessandra, primary, Borghi, Martina, additional, Bona, Roberta, additional, Grasso, Felicia, additional, Calzoletti, Laura, additional, Palladino, Laura, additional, Cecchetti, Serena, additional, Vescio, Maria Fenicia, additional, Macchia, Daniele, additional, Morante, Valeria, additional, Canitano, Andrea, additional, Temperton, Nigel, additional, Castrucci, Maria Rita, additional, Salvatore, Mirella, additional, Michelini, Zuleika, additional, Cara, Andrea, additional, and Negri, Donatella, additional
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- 2018
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22. Quantitative Multiplexed Imaging Analysis Reveals a Strong Association between Immunogen-Specific B Cell Responses and Tonsillar Germinal Center Immune Dynamics in Children after Influenza Vaccination
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Amodio, Donato, primary, Cotugno, Nicola, additional, Macchiarulo, Giulia, additional, Rocca, Salvatore, additional, Dimopoulos, Yiannis, additional, Castrucci, Maria Rita, additional, De Vito, Rita, additional, Tucci, Filippo M., additional, McDermott, Adrian B., additional, Narpala, Sandeep, additional, Rossi, Paolo, additional, Koup, Richard A., additional, Palma, Paolo, additional, and Petrovas, Constantinos, additional
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- 2018
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23. Correction to: Detection and full genome characterization of two beta CoV viruses related to Middle East respiratory syndrome from bats in Italy
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Moreno, Ana, primary, Lelli, Davide, additional, De Sabato, Luca, additional, Zaccaria, Guendalina, additional, Boni, Arianna, additional, Sozzi, Enrica, additional, Prosperi, Alice, additional, Lavazza, Antonio, additional, Cella, Eleonora, additional, Castrucci, Maria Rita, additional, Ciccozzi, Massimo, additional, and Vaccari, Gabriele, additional
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- 2018
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24. International Laboratory Comparison of Influenza Microneutralization Assays for A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and A(H5N1) Influenza Viruses by CONSISE
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Laurie, Karen L., Engelhardt, Othmar G., Wood, John, Heath, Alan, Katz, Jacqueline M., Peiris, Malik, Hoschler, Katja, Hungnes, Olav, Zhang, Wenqing, Van Kerkhove, Maria D., Katz, Jaccqueline, Xiuhua, Lu, Levine, Min, Veguilla, Vic, Liu, Feng, Bai, Yaohui, Puthavathana, Pilaipan, Lerdsamran, Hatairat, Pooruk, Phisanu, Nateerom, Knnika, Castrucci, Maria Rita, Donatelli, Isabella, Facchini, Marzia, Kishida, Noriko, Tashiro, Masato, Odagiri, Takato, Pawar, Shailesh D., Kode, Sadhana S., Hawksworth, Anthony, Ortiguerra, Ryan, Brice, Gary, Martin, Nicholas, Kochel, Tad, Sanchez, Jose, Cooper, Michael, Cummings, James, Wagner, Ralf, Goepfert, Constanze, Alex, Nina, Hammann, Joanna, Neumann, Britta, Perera, Mahendra, Montomoli, Emanuele, Lapini, Guilia, Sbragi, Sara, Bai, Tian, Zaijiang, Yu, Zhou, Jianfang, Carolan, Louise, and Laurie, Karen
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Hemagglutination ,International Cooperation ,Clinical Biochemistry ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antibodies, Viral ,Serology ,Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ,REPRODUCIBILITY ,INFECTION ,Influenza A Virus ,Immunology and Allergy ,Viral ,SEROLOGIC ASSAYS ,biology ,H5N1 ,Titer ,Infectious Diseases ,1107 Immunology ,H5N1 Subtype ,Antibody ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Human ,Microbiology (medical) ,Immunology ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Microbiology ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Virus ,Antibodies ,Orthomyxoviridae Infections ,Neutralization Tests ,Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology ,Influenza, Human ,medicine ,Microneutralization Assay ,Animals ,Humans ,H1N1 Subtype ,Protocol (science) ,Science & Technology ,Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ,Ferrets ,Reproducibility of Results ,Virology ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,Influenza ,ANTIBODY ,biology.protein ,CONSISE Laboratory Working Group participants - Abstract
The microneutralization assay is commonly used to detect antibodies to influenza virus, and multiple protocols are used worldwide. These protocols differ in the incubation time of the assay as well as in the order of specific steps, and even within protocols there are often further adjustments in individual laboratories. The impact these protocol variations have on influenza serology data is unclear. Thus, a laboratory comparison of the 2-day enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and 3-day hemagglutination (HA) microneutralization (MN) protocols, using A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and A(H5N1) viruses, was performed by the CONSISE Laboratory Working Group. Individual laboratories performed both assay protocols, on multiple occasions, using different serum panels. Thirteen laboratories from around the world participated. Within each laboratory, serum sample titers for the different assay protocols were compared between assays to determine the sensitivity of each assay and were compared between replicates to assess the reproducibility of each protocol for each laboratory. There was good correlation of the results obtained using the two assay protocols in most laboratories, indicating that these assays may be interchangeable for detecting antibodies to the influenza A viruses included in this study. Importantly, participating laboratories have aligned their methodologies to the CONSISE consensus 2-day ELISA and 3-day HA MN assay protocols to enable better correlation of these assays in the future.
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- 2015
25. B-Sides Serologic Markers of Immunogenicity in Kidney Transplanted Patients
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Rinaldi, Stefano, primary, Cagigi, Alberto, additional, Santilli, Veronica, additional, Zotta, Federica, additional, di Martino, Angela, additional, Castrucci, Maria Rita, additional, Donatelli, Isabella, additional, Poggi, Elvira, additional, Piazza, Antonina, additional, Campana, Andrea, additional, Guzzo, Isabella, additional, Villani, Alberto, additional, Rossi, Paolo, additional, Dello Strologo, Luca, additional, and Palma, Paolo, additional
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- 2014
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26. Efficient vagina-to-lower respiratory tract immune trafficking in a murine model of influenza A virus infection
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Garulli, Bruno, primary, Meola, Monica, additional, Stillitano, Maria Giuseppina, additional, Kawaoka, Yoshihiro, additional, and Castrucci, Maria Rita, additional
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- 2007
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27. Continued Evolution of H1N1 and H3N2 Influenza Viruses in Pigs in Italy
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Campitelli, Laura, primary, Donatelli, Isabella, additional, Foni, Emanuela, additional, Castrucci, Maria Rita, additional, Fabiani, Concetta, additional, Kawaoka, Yoshihiro, additional, Krauss, Scott, additional, and Webster, Robert G., additional
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- 1997
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28. B-SidesSerologic Markers of Immunogenicity in Kidney Transplanted Patients
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Rinaldi, Stefano, Cagigi, Alberto, Santilli, Veronica, Zotta, Federica, di Martino, Angela, Castrucci, Maria Rita, Donatelli, Isabella, Poggi, Elvira, Piazza, Antonina, Campana, Andrea, Guzzo, Isabella, Villani, Alberto, Rossi, Paolo, Dello Strologo, Luca, and Palma, Paolo
- Abstract
Safety and immunogenicity data of seasonal influenza vaccination in transplanted patients (Tps) are controversial. Preexisting cross-reactive antibodies generated by repeated vaccination with drift variant strains could bias interpretation of immunogenicity data in Tp.
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- 2014
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29. Co-circulation of the two influenza B lineages during 13 consecutive influenza surveillance seasons in Italy, 2004-2017.
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Puzelli, Simona, Di Martino, Angela, Facchini, Marzia, Fabiani, Concetta, Calzoletti, Laura, Di Mario, Giuseppina, Palmieri, Annapina, Affanni, Paola, Camilloni, Barbara, Chironna, Maria, D'Agaro, Pierlanfranco, Giannecchini, Simone, Pariani, Elena, Serra, Caterina, Rizzo, Caterina, Bella, Antonino, Donatelli, Isabella, Castrucci, Maria Rita, the Italian Influenza Laboratory Network, and Ansaldi, Filippo
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INFLUENZA ,INFLUENZA B virus ,SEASONAL influenza ,INFLUENZA vaccines ,VIRUS diseases ,INFLUENZA prevention ,INFLUENZA epidemiology ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,BIOLOGICAL evolution ,SEASONS ,RETROSPECTIVE studies - Abstract
Background: Since 1985, two antigenically distinct lineages of influenza B viruses (Victoria-like and Yamagata-like) have circulated globally. Trivalent seasonal influenza vaccines contain two circulating influenza A strains but a single B strain and thus provide limited immunity against circulating B strains of the lineage not included in the vaccine. In this study, we describe the characteristics of influenza B viruses that caused respiratory illness in the population in Italy over 13 consecutive seasons of virological surveillance, and the match between the predominant influenza B lineage and the vaccine B lineage, in each season.Methods: From 2004 to 2017, 26,886 laboratory-confirmed influenza cases were registered in Italy, of which 18.7% were type B. Among them, the lineage of 2465 strains (49%) was retrieved or characterized in this study by a real-time RT-PCR assay and/or sequencing of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene.Results: Co-circulation of both B lineages was observed each season, although in different proportions every year. Overall, viruses of B/Victoria and B/Yamagata lineages caused 53.3 and 46.7% of influenza B infections, respectively. A higher proportion of infections with both lineages was detected in children, and there was a declining frequency of B/Victoria detections with age. A mismatch between the vaccine and the predominant influenza B lineage occurred in eight out of thirteen influenza seasons under study. Considering the seasons when B accounted for > 20% of all laboratory-confirmed influenza cases, a mismatch was observed in four out of six seasons. Phylogenetic analysis of the HA1 domain confirmed the co-circulation of both lineages and revealed a mixed circulation of distinct evolutionary viral variants, with different levels of match to the vaccine strains.Conclusions: This study contributes to the understanding of the circulation of influenza B viruses in Italy. We found a continuous co-circulation of both B lineages in the period 2004-2017, and determined that children were particularly vulnerable to Victoria-lineage influenza B virus infections. An influenza B lineage mismatch with the trivalent vaccine occurred in about two-thirds of cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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30. Start of the 2014/15 influenza season in Europe: drifted influenza A(H3N2) viruses circulate as dominant subtype
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Broberg, E., Snacken, R., Adlhoch, C., Beaute, J., Galinska, M., Pereyaslov, D., Brown, C., Penttinen, P., Who, European Region And The European Influenza Surveillance Network, Kota, Majlinda, Simaku, Artan, Sarkisian, Shushan, Torosyan, Liana, Popow-Kraupp, Therese, Rendi-Wagner, Pamela, Schmid, Daniela, Abdullayeva, Nazakat, Salimov, Oleg, Gribkova, Natalia, Shimanovich, Veronika, Thomas, Isabelle, Hombrouck, Anneleen, Bossuyt, Nathalie, Moreels, Sarah, Casteren, Viviane, Ljubovic, Amela Dedejic, Rodic, Nina Vukmir, Korsun, Neli, Kojouharova, Mira, Georgieva, Teodora, Drazenovic, Vladimir, Bagatzouni, Despo, Koliou, Maria, Havlickova, Martina, Jirincova, Helena, Kyncl, Jan, Knudsen, Lisbet Krause, Mazick, Anne, Trebbien, Ramona, Fischer, Thea Kolsen, Lilje, Liisa, Pokras, Lesja, Kuznetsova, Natalja, Sadikova, Olga, Ikonen, Niina, Lyytikainen, Outi, Murtopuro, Satu, Enouf, Vincent, Lina, Bruno, Valette, Martine, Werf, Sylvie, Bonmarin, Isabelle, Sylvie, Behillil, Thierry, Blanchon, Turbelin, Clement, Belchior, Emmanuel, Machablishvili, Ann, Zakhashvili, Khatuna, Buda, Silke, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Kossivakis, Athanassios, Georgia, Spala, Mentis, Andreas, Malisiovas, Nikolaos, Csohan, Agnes, Rozsa, Monika, Jankovics, Istvan, Molnar, Zsuzsanna, Love, Arthur, Sigmundsdottir, Gudrun, Gudnason, Thorolfur, Domegan, Lisa, O Flanagan, Darina, Igoe, Derval, Waters, Allison, Duffy, Margaret, Coughlan, Suzie, O Donnell, Joan, Kaufman, Zalman, Mandelboim, Michal, Donatelli, Isabella, Bella, Antonino, Rizzo, Caterina, Pompa, Maria Grazia, Puzelli, Simona, Castrucci, Maria Rita, Katrenova, Aigul, Nusupbaeva, Gaukhar, Kasymbekova, Kalia, Otorbaeva, Dinagul, Nikiforova, Raina, Zamjatina, Natalija, Erne, Sabine, Griskevicius, Algirdas, Lipnickiene, Vilnele, Mossong, Joel, Opp, Matthias, Barbara, Christopher, Melillo, Tanya, Melillo, Jackie Maistre, Zahra, Graziella, Rakocevic, Bozidarka, Vratnica, Zoran, Meijer, Adam, Teirlinck, Anne, Dijkstra, Frederika, Donker, Ge, Rimmelzwaan, Guus, Lange, Marit, Hungnes, Olav, Bragstad, Karoline, Hauge, Siri Helene, Tonnessen, Ragnhild, Dudman, Susanne Gjeruldsen, Bednarska, Karolina, Brydak, Lidia B., Zielinski, Andrzej, Guiomar, Raquel, Pechirra, Pedro, Cristovao, Paula, Costa, Ines, Nunes, Baltazar, Rodrigues, Ana, Veronica Eder, Spinu, Constantin, Alexandrescu, Viorel, Lupulescu, Emilia, Popovici, Florin, Burtseva, Elena, Sominina, Anna, Dimitrijevic, Dragana, Adrovic, Slavica Rakic, Staronova, Edita, Mikas, Jan, Prosenc, Katarina, Berginc, Natasa, Socan, Maja, Casas, Inmaculada, Larrauri, Amparo, Pozo, Francisco, Ortiz Lejarazu, Raul, Pumarola, Tomas, Brytting, Mia, Englund, Helene, Wiman, Asa, Mahmud, Nasser Nuru, Born, Rita, Cordey, Samuel, Tishkova, Farida, Kamolov, Mirali, Bosevska, Golubinka, Kuzmanovska, Gordana, Topal, Selmur, Korukluoglu, Gulay, Ashirova, Amansoltan, Ovliyakulova, Gurbangul, Demchyshyna, Iryna, Dykhanovska, Tatiana, Mironenko, Alla, Coyle, Peter, Maclean, Alasdair, Gunson, Rory, Green, Helen, Kearns, Cathriona, Zambon, Maria, Nugent, Christopher, Moore, Catherine, Phin, Nick, Pebody, Richard, Cottrell, Simon, Mcmenamin, Jim, Jessop, Lucy, Dzemileva, Sultana, Rakhimov, Ravshan, Mccauley, John, and Daniels, Rod
31. Effectiveness of the trivalent MF59 adjuvated influenza vaccine in preventing hospitalization due to influenza B and A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses in the elderly in Italy, 2017 – 2018 season
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Bella, Antonino, Gesualdo, Francesco, Orsi, Andrea, Arcuri, Claudia, Chironna, Maria, Loconsole, Daniela, Napoli, Christian, Giovanni Battista Orsi, Manini, Ilaria, Montomoli, Emanuele, Alfonsi, Valeria, Castrucci, Maria Rita, and Rizzo, Caterina
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3. Good health - Abstract
This is an original manuscript / preprint of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Expert Review of Vaccines, on 13 Jun 2019, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/14760584.2019.1627206
32. Long-Term Serological Investigations of Influenza A Virus in Free-Living Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) from Northern Italy (2007–2014)
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Maria Alessandra De Marco, Claudia Cotti, Elisabetta Raffini, Matteo Frasnelli, Alice Prosperi, Irene Zanni, Chiara Romanini, Maria Rita Castrucci, Chiara Chiapponi, Mauro Delogu, De Marco, Maria Alessandra, Cotti, Claudia, Raffini, Elisabetta, Frasnelli, Matteo, Prosperi, Alice, Zanni, Irene, Romanini, Chiara, Castrucci, Maria Rita, Chiapponi, Chiara, and Delogu, Mauro
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Microbiology (medical) ,Italy ,antibodie ,hemagglutination inhibition assay ,serological investigation ,Virology ,Sus scrofa ,influenza A virus ,ecology ,wild boar ,antibodies ,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ,influenza A viru ,Microbiology - Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAV) have been repeatedly demonstrated to circulate in wild suid populations. In this study, serum samples were collected from 2618 free-ranging wild boars in a protected area of Northern Italy between 2007 and 2014, and firstly screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the presence of antibodies against IAV. The ELISA-positive samples were further tested by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays performed using antigen strains representative of the four major swine IAV (sIAV) lineages circulating in Italy: avian-like swine H1N1, pandemic-like swine H1N1, human-like swine H1N2 and human-like swine H3N2. An overall seroprevalence of 5.5% (145/2618) was detected by ELISA, with 56.7% (80/141) of screened sera tests positive by HI assay. Antibodies against H1N1 subtypes were the most prevalent beginning in 2009—with the highest detection in the first quarter of the year—until 2013, although at a low level. In addition, antibodies to H3N2 subtype were found during six years (2007, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2014) whereas H1N2 antibodies were detected in 2012 only. Of the HI-positive samples, 30% showed reactivity to both H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes. These results provide additional insight into the circulation dynamics of IAV in wild suid populations, suggesting the occurrence of sIAV spillover events from pigs to wild boars.
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- 2022
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33. Ecology of avian influenza viruses in Siberia
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Marco, M. A., Kirill Sharshov, Gulyaeva, M., Delogu, M., Ciccarese, L., Castrucci, M. R., Shestopalov, A., Tabitha Robbins, De Marco, Maria Alessandra, Sharshov, Kirill, Gulyaeva, Marina, Delogu, Mauro, Ciccarese, Lorenzo, Castrucci, Maria Rita, and Shestopalov, Alexander
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virus diseases ,Siberia, Avian Influenza, Wild birds, Influenza ecology - Abstract
Wild aquatic birds represent major reservoirs of the influenza A virus gene pool, from which novel influenza viruses can emerge to infect other avian and mammalian species, including humans. These avian hosts have long been considered the natural reservoir for low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (AIVs) that, in some occasions, can evolve in poultry to become highly pathogenic (HP) AIVs posing a risk for animal and public health. However, changes in viral ecology have been recently observed with the possibility of perpetuation of HPAIVs in the aquatic bird reservoir. Siberia is of great importance in influenza A virus ecology. After a short reproductive season, huge numbers of wild aquatic birds move from different subarctic breeding sites and congregate in pre-migration staging areas of Siberian wetlands. Major intra-and inter-continental bird flyways overlap in these breeding and/or molting grounds where water birds from different wintering regions of the world are brought together, thus providing the influenza A virus gene pool for the possible emergence of novel reassortant viruses. Moreover, in the context of the global ecology of influenza A viruses, Siberian wetlands play a crucial role in the geographical dispersal of the virus, as shown by the HPAI H5 infections, which have spread since the early 2000s via migratory birds from Asia towards Europe, Africa, Middle East and, more recently, North America. Here we consider ecological interactions that take place within the vast region of Siberia among the avian reservoir hosts and viral populations, and the environment they utilize. We also consider ecological drivers which, in the context of the current global change, can modulate in this Asian portion of Russia the influenza A virus circulation and spill-over from wild bird reservoirs to different avian and/or mammalian hosts.
34. Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases and estimates of the reproductive numbers 1 month into the epidemic, Italy, 28 January to 31 March 2020.
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Riccardo F, Ajelli M, Andrianou XD, Bella A, Del Manso M, Fabiani M, Bellino S, Boros S, Urdiales AM, Marziano V, Rota MC, Filia A, D'Ancona F, Siddu A, Punzo O, Trentini F, Guzzetta G, Poletti P, Stefanelli P, Castrucci MR, Ciervo A, Di Benedetto C, Tallon M, Piccioli A, Brusaferro S, Rezza G, Merler S, and Pezzotti P
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, COVID-19 mortality, COVID-19 transmission, Female, Health Personnel statistics & numerical data, Humans, Italy epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, SARS-CoV-2, Basic Reproduction Number, COVID-19 epidemiology
- Abstract
BackgroundOn 20 February 2020, a locally acquired coronavirus disease (COVID-19) case was detected in Lombardy, Italy. This was the first signal of ongoing transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the country. The number of cases in Italy increased rapidly and the country became the first in Europe to experience a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak.AimOur aim was to describe the epidemiology and transmission dynamics of the first COVID-19 cases in Italy amid ongoing control measures.MethodsWe analysed all RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 cases reported to the national integrated surveillance system until 31 March 2020. We provide a descriptive epidemiological summary and estimate the basic and net reproductive numbers by region.ResultsOf the 98,716 cases of COVID-19 analysed, 9,512 were healthcare workers. Of the 10,943 reported COVID-19-associated deaths (crude case fatality ratio: 11.1%) 49.5% occurred in cases older than 80 years. Male sex and age were independent risk factors for COVID-19 death. Estimates of R
0 varied between 2.50 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.18-2.83) in Tuscany and 3.00 (95% CI: 2.68-3.33) in Lazio. The net reproduction number Rt in northern regions started decreasing immediately after the first detection.ConclusionThe COVID-19 outbreak in Italy showed a clustering onset similar to the one in Wuhan, China. R0 at 2.96 in Lombardy combined with delayed detection explains the high case load and rapid geographical spread. Overall, Rt in Italian regions showed early signs of decrease, with large diversity in incidence, supporting the importance of combined non-pharmacological control measures.- Published
- 2020
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35. Whole genome and phylogenetic analysis of two SARS-CoV-2 strains isolated in Italy in January and February 2020: additional clues on multiple introductions and further circulation in Europe.
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Stefanelli P, Faggioni G, Lo Presti A, Fiore S, Marchi A, Benedetti E, Fabiani C, Anselmo A, Ciammaruconi A, Fortunato A, De Santis R, Fillo S, Capobianchi MR, Gismondo MR, Ciervo A, Rezza G, Castrucci MR, and Lista F
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- Betacoronavirus isolation & purification, COVID-19, China, Coronavirus classification, Coronavirus isolation & purification, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Coronavirus Infections transmission, Germany, Humans, Italy, Molecular Epidemiology, Pandemics, Phylogeny, Pneumonia, Viral epidemiology, Pneumonia, Viral transmission, Point Mutation, RNA, Viral isolation & purification, SARS-CoV-2, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome virology, Betacoronavirus genetics, Coronavirus genetics, Coronavirus Infections diagnosis, Genome, Viral genetics, Pneumonia, Viral diagnosis, RNA, Viral genetics, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome diagnosis, Travel, Whole Genome Sequencing methods
- Abstract
Whole genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 obtained from two patients, a Chinese tourist visiting Rome and an Italian, were compared with sequences from Europe and elsewhere. In a phylogenetic tree, the Italian patient's sequence clustered with sequences from Germany while the tourist's sequence clustered with other European sequences. Some additional European sequences in the tree segregated outside the two clusters containing the patients' sequences. This suggests multiple SARS-CoV-2 introductions in Europe or virus evolution during circulation.
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- 2020
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36. Virological Surveillance of Influenza in the eight epidemic seasons after the 2009 pandemic in Emilia-Romagna (Northern Italy).
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Affanni P, Colucci ME, Bracchi MT, Capobianco E, Zoni R, Caruso L, Castrucci MR, Puzelli S, Cantarelli A, and Veronesi L
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Influenza Vaccines, Influenza, Human diagnosis, Italy epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Seasons, Vaccination, Young Adult, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype isolation & purification, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype isolation & purification, Influenza, Human epidemiology, Influenza, Human microbiology, Pandemics
- Abstract
Background and Aim of the Work: Influenza virological surveillance is essential for monitoring the evolution of influenza viruses (IVs) as well as for annual updating of the vaccine composition. The aim of this study is to analyse IVs circulation in Emilia-Romagna during the eight epidemic seasons after the 2009 pandemic and to evaluate their match with seasonal vaccine strains., Methods: A total of 7882 respiratory specimens from patients with influenza-like illness (ILI), were collected by regional sentinel practitioners and hospital physicians. Viral investigations were conducted by rRT-PCR assay. Genetic characterization was performed for a spatial-temporal representative number of influenza laboratory-confirmed specimens., Results: Influenza-positive samples per season ranged between 28.9% (2013-2014) and 66.8% (2012-2013). Co-circulation of IVs type A and type B was observed in all seasons, although with a different intensity. In all seasons, the highest number of positive samples was recorded in younger patients aged 5-14 years with relative frequencies ranging from 40% in the 2013-2014 season and 78% in the 2012-2013 season. Since the 2009 pandemic, A/H1N1pdm09 IVs circulating were closely related to the vaccine strain A/California/7/2009. Antigenic mismatch between vaccine strain and A/H3N2 IVs was observed in the 2011-2012 and 2014-2015 seasons. During 2015-2016, 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 seasons a complete or nearly complete mismatch between the predominant influenza B lineage of IVs type B circulating and vaccine B lineage occurred., Conclusions: This analysis confirms the importance of the virological surveillance and highlights the need of a continuous monitoring of IVs circulation, to improve the most appropriate vaccination strategies. (www.actabiomedica.it).
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- 2019
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37. The epidemiological signature of influenza B virus and its B/Victoria and B/Yamagata lineages in the 21st century.
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Caini S, Kusznierz G, Garate VV, Wangchuk S, Thapa B, de Paula Júnior FJ, Ferreira de Almeida WA, Njouom R, Fasce RA, Bustos P, Feng L, Peng Z, Araya JL, Bruno A, de Mora D, Barahona de Gámez MJ, Pebody R, Zambon M, Higueros R, Rivera R, Kosasih H, Castrucci MR, Bella A, Kadjo HA, Daouda C, Makusheva A, Bessonova O, Chaves SS, Emukule GO, Heraud JM, Razanajatovo NH, Barakat A, El Falaki F, Meijer A, Donker GA, Huang QS, Wood T, Balmaseda A, Palekar R, Arévalo BM, Rodrigues AP, Guiomar R, Lee VJM, Ang LW, Cohen C, Treurnicht F, Mironenko A, Holubka O, Bresee J, Brammer L, Le MTQ, Hoang PVM, El Guerche-Séblain C, and Paget J
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- Epidemics history, Epidemics statistics & numerical data, Epidemiological Monitoring, Female, History, 21st Century, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype immunology, Influenza A virus immunology, Influenza B virus immunology, Influenza B virus metabolism, Influenza Vaccines immunology, Influenza, Human history, Male, Population Surveillance methods, Seasons, Influenza B virus pathogenicity, Influenza, Human epidemiology
- Abstract
We describe the epidemiological characteristics, pattern of circulation, and geographical distribution of influenza B viruses and its lineages using data from the Global Influenza B Study. We included over 1.8 million influenza cases occurred in thirty-one countries during 2000-2018. We calculated the proportion of cases caused by influenza B and its lineages; determined the timing of influenza A and B epidemics; compared the age distribution of B/Victoria and B/Yamagata cases; and evaluated the frequency of lineage-level mismatch for the trivalent vaccine. The median proportion of influenza cases caused by influenza B virus was 23.4%, with a tendency (borderline statistical significance, p = 0.060) to be higher in tropical vs. temperate countries. Influenza B was the dominant virus type in about one every seven seasons. In temperate countries, influenza B epidemics occurred on average three weeks later than influenza A epidemics; no consistent pattern emerged in the tropics. The two B lineages caused a comparable proportion of influenza B cases globally, however the B/Yamagata was more frequent in temperate countries, and the B/Victoria in the tropics (p = 0.048). B/Yamagata patients were significantly older than B/Victoria patients in almost all countries. A lineage-level vaccine mismatch was observed in over 40% of seasons in temperate countries and in 30% of seasons in the tropics. The type B virus caused a substantial proportion of influenza infections globally in the 21st century, and its two virus lineages differed in terms of age and geographical distribution of patients. These findings will help inform health policy decisions aiming to reduce disease burden associated with seasonal influenza., Competing Interests: Clotilde El-Guerche Séblain is an employee of Sanofi Pasteur. She was the coordinator of the research project at Sanofi Pasteur, she helped define the study objectives, and critically revised the manuscript. When reviewing the manuscript, the revisions concerned the epidemiological findings of the study and not the public health findings or conclusions. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. Cheryl Cohen has received grant support from Sanofi Pasteur, Advanced Vaccine Initiative, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and payment of travel costs from Parexel. All of the other authors declare that they have no conflict of interests to disclose.
- Published
- 2019
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