Search

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and degenerative condition affecting several cognitive areas, with a decline in functional abilities and behavioral changes. Objective: To investigate the association between neuropsychiatric symptoms in older adults with AD and caregiver burden and depression. Methods: A total of 134 family caregivers of older people diagnosed with AD answered a questionnaire with sociodemographic data and questions concerning the care context, neuropsychiatric symptoms, caregiver burden, and depressive symptoms. Results: Results revealed that 95% of older adults had at least one neuropsychiatric symptom, with the most common being: apathy, anxiety, and depression. Among the 12 neuropsychiatric symptoms investigated, 10 were significantly associated with caregiver burden, while 8 showed significant correlations with depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Neuropsychiatric symptoms were related to caregiver burden and depressive symptoms. In addition to the older adult with AD, the caregiver should receive care and guidance from the health team to continue performing quality work. RESUMO. A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é progressiva e degenerativa, afetando diversas áreas cognitivas com declínio nas habilidades funcionais e alterações comportamentais. Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre presença de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos apresentados por idosos com doença de Alzheimer e sobrecarga, e depressão dos cuidadores. Métodos: Um total de 134 cuidadores familiares de idosos com diagnóstico da doença de Alzheimer responderam a um questionário com dados sociodemográficos e questões referentes ao contexto de cuidado, sintomas neuropsiquiátricos, sobrecarga e depressão do cuidador. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram que 95% dos idosos apresentaram pelo menos um sintoma neuropsiquiátrico. A apatia, a ansiedade e a depressão foram os sintomas neuropsiquiátricos mais frequentes nos idosos. Dos 12 sintomas neuropsiquiátricos investigados, 10 associaram-se significativamente à sobrecarga do cuidador (exceto ansiedade e alteração alimentar), e oito sintomas neuropsiquiátricos apresentaram correlações significativas com os sintomas de depressão. Conclusão: A presença de determinados sintomas neuropsiquiátricos está relacionada com a sobrecarga e com sintomas de depressão apresentados pelos cuidadores. Além do idoso com doença de Alzheimer, o cuidador deve receber cuidados e orientação da equipe de saúde para que possa continuar desempenhando sua função com qualidade.

AIM To determine the direct and indirect relationships of sociodemographic, emotional and behavioral characteristics of family caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients who have neuropsychiatric symptoms. METHODS A total of 134 family caregivers answered a questionnaire with sociodemographic data, and questions regarding the context of care, Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Zarit Burden Interview, Dementia Management Strategies Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory. A path analysis was used to model the direct and indirect relationships among the selected variables. RESULTS Being a female caregiver, presenting high levels of burden, a moderate degree of depressive symptoms, distress (Neuropsychiatric Inventory total distress score), active management strategies and criticism management strategies were significantly associated with the total score of neuropsychiatric symptoms. The caregiver burden and use of criticism management strategies were directly related to neuropsychiatric symptoms in older adults with Alzheimer's disease. The use of active management strategies and depressive symptoms of caregivers had indirect relationships with neuropsychiatric symptoms through caregiver burden. CONCLUSIONS Overburdened caregivers and the use of dysfunctional management strategies are associated with a greater presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease patients. These aspects should be considered when developing interventions for caregivers to manage neuropsychiatric symptoms and overall treatment of patients with dementia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1177-1182.

This study aims to investigate the association between management and communication strategies and the presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms presented by elderly people with Alzheimer’s disease. One hundred and thirty-four family caregivers answered a questionnaire with socio-demographic data and questions regarding the care context, the Small Communication Strategies Scale, the Dementia Management Strategy Scale, and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Caregivers used the criticism management strategy more when the elderly presented hallucination, agitation, depression, anxiety, irritability, nighttime behavior, and appetite abnormalities. The encouragement strategy was more significantly used only in the presence of euphoria/elation. The caregivers who used the most active management strategy were those who cared for the elderly with delirium, hallucination, agitation, depression, anxiety, irritability, and appetite and eating abnormalities. The use of communication strategies did not differ between groups with or without neuropsychiatric symptoms. It is concluded that criticism management and active management strategies are strongly associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms. The results of this study may be useful for planning treatment interventions that aim to modify the use of management strategies used by caregivers.

To determine the direct and indirect relationships of sociodemographic, emotional and behavioral characteristics of family caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients who have neuropsychiatric symptoms.A total of 134 family caregivers answered a questionnaire with sociodemographic data, and questions regarding the context of care, Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Zarit Burden Interview, Dementia Management Strategies Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory. A path analysis was used to model the direct and indirect relationships among the selected variables.Being a female caregiver, presenting high levels of burden, a moderate degree of depressive symptoms, distress (Neuropsychiatric Inventory total distress score), active management strategies and criticism management strategies were significantly associated with the total score of neuropsychiatric symptoms. The caregiver burden and use of criticism management strategies were directly related to neuropsychiatric symptoms in older adults with Alzheimer's disease. The use of active management strategies and depressive symptoms of caregivers had indirect relationships with neuropsychiatric symptoms through caregiver burden.Overburdened caregivers and the use of dysfunctional management strategies are associated with a greater presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease patients. These aspects should be considered when developing interventions for caregivers to manage neuropsychiatric symptoms and overall treatment of patients with dementia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1177-1182.

Communication with patients with dementia may be a difficult task for caregivers.The aim of this study was to produce a Brazilian transcultural adaptation of an instrument developed in Canada, called the Small Communication Strategies Scale, composed of 10 items constructed from 10 communicative strategies most recurrent in a literature survey.Drawing on understanding of the construction of the Small Communication Strategies Scale (SCSS), a Brazilian Portuguese version of the instrument was devised through the following steps: translation, back-translation and semantic-cultural adaptation by a specialized linguist in English-Portuguese translations and application of the comprehension test for the version produced in a group of caregivers of elderly individuals with dementia.The transcultural equivalence process was performed and two items of the SCSS needed adapting to the Brazilian context. After changes suggested by a specialized linguist, the final version was applied to 34 caregivers and the transcultural equivalence considered satisfactory.The Brazilian version of the instrument was successfully transculturally adapted for future validation and application in Brazil.A comunicação com pacientes com demência pode ser muito difícil para os cuidadores.Este estudo objetivou obter a adaptação transcultural de um instrumento desenvolvido no Canadá, denominado Small Communication Strategies Scale, composto por 10 itens que foi construído a partir de 10 estratégias comunicativas que mais apareciam em um levantamento bibliográfico.A partir da compreensão da construção daA equivalência transcultural foi realizada, e no teste de compreensibilidade apenas dois itens do SCSS precisaram ser adaptados para o contexto brasileiro: 2) lentamente e devagar – optou-se porA versão brasileira do instrumento foi adaptada transculturalmente com sucesso e está pronta para ser validada e aplicada no Brasil.