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This editorial discusses the key factors behind successful research collaborations. The editors of the 'Academy of Management Journal' conducted a survey among a randomly selected group of their authors to understand their collaboration experiences. According to the survey results, essential elements for successful collaboration, irrespective of location, include selecting the right partners, establishing clear expectations, meticulously managing the process, maintaining frequent and transparent communication, and ensuring equal access to data and participation in the analysis. Additionally, the respondents noted that being receptive to diverse ideas and suggestions enhances the quality of collaboration.

International collaborations are important for developing science systems. Using a dataset of South African university scientists, we ask whether social capital relevant to international collaboration held by one scientist spills over to local colleagues. Distinguishing between different ways of acquiring foreign ties, we find that 20% of our cases resemble the most-studied form of international collaborations, via the unique ties of an individual with specific characteristics, e.g., foreign research training. In all other cases, both personal and local peers' international social capital is relevant for foreign tie formation. Underlining the systemic functioning of science, international social capital is activated through scientific collaboration among local scientists. The mediating effect of local scientific collaboration is present across all scientific fields and holds for scientists trained locally or abroad. Our findings thus imply that local collaboration is a relevant mechanism to strengthen international collaboration and the formation of international social capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extant research has shown that it is harder for women than for men to form high-status connections in the workplace. Extending this line of research, we examine how two structural factors—geographic and network proximity—affect men's and women's chances of forming high-status connections. Using data on the formation of collaboration ties with star scientists within the research and development laboratories of the 42 largest pharmaceutical companies between 1985 and 2010, we show that women who are geographically colocated with a "star" colleague are less likely to form a tie with that colleague compared to male peers who are similarly colocated, and that this difference persists irrespective of the star's gender. Conversely, women benefit more than men do from network proximity, as indicated by the presence of common third-party ties, and this difference widens if the star colleague is also a woman. By illuminating how geographic and network proximity affect the chances of forming high-status connections differently for women than for men, our study goes beyond the notion that women have reduced access to workplace social capital and expands consideration to the structural factors that underpin—that is, amplify or reduce—that disadvantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the efficiency of multi-material additive manufacturing and enhance the safety of multi-robot cooperative printing with uncertain execution delays, a dual-robot cooperative path planning method is proposed for layer-by-layer printing. In the proposed algorithm, the description of the printing region is reconstructed by simply using the rectangular envelope region and a two-dimensional directed line segment. The adjacency list of the printing region is established to guide the optimization direction. Therefore, redundant information about the printing region is effectively removed, which is conducive to the optimization of the problem. A multi-round cooperation strategy with multiple synchronous starting points is proposed to accommodate uncertain execution delays by separating the space of the dual-robot printing area, so as to avoid the potential collision risk of dual-robot. To further optimize the printing efficiency, local strategies are used to reduce the makespan. Hence, a better printing order can be obtained, and states of cooperative and non-cooperative printing can be unified. In addition, the corresponding NC control strategy is designed for the industrial application of the cooperative strategy. The simulation result shows that the method proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the makespan of dual-robot cooperative additive manufacturing, and accommodate the uncertain execution delays of the dual-robot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While objective clinical structured examination (OSCE) is a worldwide recognized and effective method to assess clinical skills of undergraduate medical students, the latest Ottawa conference on the assessment of competences raised vigorous debates regarding the future and innovations of OSCE. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive view of the global research activity on OSCE over the past decades and to identify clues for its improvement. We performed a bibliometric and scientometric analysis of OSCE papers published until March 2024. We included a description of the overall scientific productivity, as well as an unsupervised analysis of the main topics and the international scientific collaborations. A total of 3,224 items were identified from the Scopus database. There was a sudden spike in publications, especially related to virtual/remote OSCE, from 2020 to 2024. We identified leading journals and countries in terms of number of publications and citations. A co-occurrence term network identified three main clusters corresponding to different topics of research in OSCE. Two connected clusters related to OSCE performance and reliability, and a third cluster on student's experience, mental health (anxiety), and perception with few connections to the two previous clusters. Finally, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada were identified as leading countries in terms of scientific publications and collaborations in an international scientific network involving other European countries (the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy) as well as Saudi Arabia and Australia, and revealed the lack of important collaboration with Asian countries. Various avenues for improving OSCE research have been identified: i) developing remote OSCE with comparative studies between live and remote OSCE and issuing international recommendations for sharing remote OSCE between universities and countries; ii) fostering international collaborative studies with the support of key collaborating countries; iii) investigating the relationships between student performance and anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data science consulting and collaboration units (DSUs) are core infrastructure for research at universities. Activities span data management, study design, data analysis, data visualization, predictive modelling, preparing reports, manuscript writing and advising on statistical methods and may include an experiential or teaching component. Partnerships are needed for a thriving DSU as an active part of the larger university network. Guidance for identifying, developing and managing successful partnerships for DSUs can be summarized in six rules: (1) align with institutional strategic plans, (2) cultivate partnerships that fit your mission, (3) ensure sustainability and prepare for growth, (4) define clear expectations in a partnership agreement, (5) communicate and (6) expect the unexpected. While these rules are not exhaustive, they are derived from experiences in a diverse set of DSUs, which vary by administrative home, mission, staffing and funding model. As examples in this paper illustrate, these rules can be adapted to different organizational models for DSUs. Clear expectations in partnership agreements are essential for high quality and consistent collaborations and address core activities, duration, staffing, cost and evaluation. A DSU is an organizational asset that should involve thoughtful investment if the institution is to gain real value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proximity influences scientific collaborations in many ways. This paper examines the effects of proximity, such as geographical, social, institutional, organizational, and cognitive proximity, on the scientific production of pairs of Brazilian researchers. Based on rich data on scientific collaboration at the individual level, we apply the Zero Inflated Negative Binomial model to assess the drivers of the researchers' scientific production from 2009 to 2017. The main results show that the scientific productivity of the pairs of researchers is positively associated with belonging to the same public research institution or the same organization, having previous and continuous collaborative relationships, having a high degree of centrality, living in the same state, and working in the same scientific field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critical methodologies in International Political Sociology (IPS) and its intersecting fields and research traditions have increasingly coalesced around the idea that research should be done in dialogue, and possibly cooperation, with people rather than only about them. Drawing together research under this theme and wider debates on participatory, activist, and action research, alongside our own research experience, this article proposes the notion of cooperative research to capture and further develop this research agenda. In the context of neoliberal academia and its narrow insurance-based conception of research ethics and safety, we argue that cooperative and ethical research can be done and developed further both in the cracks and margins of the system, and in a gradual reform process within it. Starting with a survey of existing traditions and recent advances towards cooperative research, we proceed to unpack what cooperative research looks like in practice and how it benefits the involved parties. The article then explores structural and epistemic obstacles that cooperative research faces within the current institutional, body, and geo-politics of knowledge production. It also reflects on future avenues to productively deal with the inherent contradictions of cooperative research, not only by embracing the "ethos of critique", but also by trying to make (even small) changes within the Western knowledge production system by promoting, and rendering more legitimate, alternative forms of knowledge and storytelling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific research collaboration in the field of national security is becoming increasingly complex. The expansion of national security disciplines and the diversification of collaborative models have had a profound impact on innovation and development in this domain. However, existing studies lack in-depth analysis of cross-institutional and cross-disciplinary collaboration, and they have not sufficiently revealed the critical role of independent research capacity in driving academic innovation. Based on open-source data from 1985 to 2022, this paper covers 4820 authors and 4799 national security-themed papers, employing complex network modeling to construct an author-centric scientific research collaboration network. A systematic analysis of the characteristics of the national security collaboration network is conducted at the macro, meso and micro levels. The results show that at the macro level, research collaboration is primarily concentrated within single institutions, while collaborations between two or more parties have increased year by year. Despite the expanding scale of the network, collaboration density has shown a downward trend. At the meso level, core research institutions have constructed tight community structures through cross-disciplinary and cross-regional collaboration, significantly promoting academic innovation. At the micro level, researchers with strong independent research capabilities, though having lower connectivity within the collaboration network, have made significant contributions to academic innovation through their independent work. This paper provides important insights for further strengthening cross-institutional collaboration and the role of independent research capacity in the national security field, laying a solid foundation for optimizing future scientific research collaboration models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coastal fog occurs along many of the world's west coast continental environments. It is particularly consequential during summer when an increased frequency of fog co-occurs with the seasonal dryness characteristic of most west coast climate systems, for example, in the Pacific coast of North and South America, the southwestern African coast, and southern coastal Europe. Understanding coastal fog formation and effects has consequences for many disciplines, including the physical (e.g., atmospheric science, oceanography), biological (e.g., biogeography, ecophysiology), and socio-ecological realms (e.g., Indigenous cultural knowledge, public safety, economics). Although research practices differ across disciplines, they share many of the challenges needed to advance fog science. For example, coastal fog remains difficult to reliably monitor when, where, and why it occurs, which adds difficulty to understanding fog's effects on all facets of the integrated coastal system. These shared challenges provide ripe opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration, a template with past success in advancing fog-related science that can continue to have success in the future. In this perspectives review, we summarize the current status and frontiers of fog-related science from multiple disciplines, leveraging examples primarily drawn from the Pacific Northwest coastal region of the United States to show how interdisciplinary collaboration is needed to continue to advance our collective understanding of coastal fog formation and effects on west coast environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article a tripartite conceptual framework is used to bring together various insights about Daisaku Ikeda's praxis of peacebuilding through music. Beethoven was a powerful source of inspiration for his Inner Transformation. Art Blakey's advice to "play from the inside," explored in a dialogue with jazz greats Herbie Hancock and Wayne Shorter, can lead to the sharing of inner joy, providing a basic ingredient to enhance Dialogue. Finally, one reason for the establishment of the Min-On Music Research Institute in 2014, was to multiply dialogues, in order to enhance Global Citizenship through collaborative research, practice and education. May these insights serve as an entry point into the vast world of Ikeda's praxis of peacebuilding through music. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After February 2022, it seemed that a breakdown of political, economic and scientific cooperation in the Arctic would be one of the many examples of collateral damage from Russia's war of aggression in Ukraine. Two years on from the invasion, however, the Arctic 7 (the United States, Canada and the Nordic countries) have renewed their engagement with Russia on polar issues. The Arctic Council has emerged as the exceptional case of a regional body in which Russia and NATO nations continue to collaborate, albeit at a more limited level through the working groups. This article examines the dilemmas facing the Arctic 7 as they seek to balance a values-based policy and strong stance against Russia in solidarity with Ukraine, with a desire to ensure the continuing survival of the Arctic Council and its primacy in regional governance. We argue that Russia has sought to weaponize the Council—withholding vital climate data and threatening to bring China further into regional politics—as part of a wider strategy of coercive diplomacy and hybrid threats in the Arctic. The Arctic 7 should recognize that they ultimately stand to lose more from giving into Russian tactics than from freezing Moscow out of the Arctic Council while the war in Ukraine continues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi‐lab projects are large scale collaborations between participating data collection sites that gather empirical evidence and (usually) analyze that evidence using meta‐analyses. They are a valuable form of scientific collaboration, produce outstanding data sets and are a great resource for third‐party researchers. Their data may be reanalyzed and used in research synthesis. Their repositories and code could provide guidance to future projects of this kind. But, while multi‐labs are similar in their structure and aggregate their data using meta‐analyses, they deploy a variety of different solutions regarding the storage structure in the repositories, the way the (analysis) code is structured and the file‐formats they provide. Continuing this trend implies that anyone who wants to work with data from multiple of these projects, or combine their datasets, is faced with an ever‐increasing complexity. Some of that complexity could be avoided. Here, we introduce MetaPipeX, a standardized framework to harmonize, document and analyze multi‐lab data. It features a pipeline conceptualization of the analysis and documentation process, an R‐package that implements both and a Shiny App (https://www.apps.meta-rep.lmu.de/metapipex/) that allows users to explore and visualize these data sets. We introduce the framework by describing its components and applying it to a practical example. Engaging with this form of collaboration and integrating it further into research practice will certainly be beneficial to quantitative sciences and we hope the framework provides a structure and tools to reduce effort for anyone who creates, re‐uses, harmonizes or learns about multi‐lab replication projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multidimensional proximity has been considered the important factor affecting regional scientific collaboration network (RSCN) and has received extensive attention from scholars. This paper constructs a cross-RSCN based on co-authorship across 31 regions in China, incorporates traditional multidimensional proximity and network embedding proximity into a unified framework and proposes a five-factor driving model for dissecting the mechanism of cross-regional scientific collaborative innovation (CI). The results show that the scientific collaboration network is gradually becoming saturated with connections, and the polarisation of cross-regional collaboration is increasingly serious. The collaboration intensity is affected by the co-movement of several proximity factors, among which geographic proximity (GP) is the main but not the sole one that positively affects the cross-regional scientific collaboration. Based on the decision tree model, we conclude that structure proximity may compensate for low GP and low economic proximity (EP) on cross-regional CI performance. The positive effect of network location proximity on regional scientific collaboration is more sensitive when the EP is not high. The findings provide significant guidance for scientific research institutions, universities and regional policy-makers to select appropriate partners as well as network embedding strategies, and further contribute to long-term improvement of scientific innovation performance and stable regional economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teacher evaluation and teachers' professional learning are too often confined to separate areas of research and professional practice. Rather than approach evaluation and enquiry as distinct or irreconcilable, this paper applies the ideas of Stenhouse to explore new possibilities for the reappropriation of mandated appraisal in ways that support teachers' professional growth. Illustrative case studies of laboratory schools in the United States and England are used to examine the interaction of local and lateral forms of professional accountability with external and hierarchical regulatory frameworks. The article reports the design and enactment of change in two schools (a US kindergarten through twelfth grade school and a UK high school) connected through the International Association of Laboratory Schools (IALS) that purposively redesigned appraisal over a three‐year period to build capacity for collaborative curriculum enquiry. Attention is afforded to the space for manoeuvre between advisory and mandatory guidance, and the challenges to relational trust and collective responsibility posed by performance‐based accountability systems. The findings provide new insights into how teacher‐led collaborative enquiry (curricular co‐design) can address the unintended consequences of test‐based accountability and rubrics‐based observation as principal drivers of educational improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nearly forty years ago, Stenhouse argued that the function of the curriculum was to stimulate teachers' everyday reflection about and learning from practice. This suggestion, alongside his support for teachers as researchers, aligns with the Welsh Government's commitment to build an evidence‐informed profession as part of ongoing major education system‐level reforms, including the implementation of the new Curriculum for Wales from September 2022. University initial teacher education (ITE) partnerships are playing an important role in building collaborative research capacity. This paper describes a case study of one such partnership which aims to promote research‐informed, reflective practice among its postgraduate primary student teachers. We use one of Stenhouse's principles of empirical study to frame our discussion of how student teachers' reflective practice is supported through brief conversations with their teacher educators (mentors) during lessons. Using a mixed methods approach, the findings show that student teachers value in‐the‐moment feedback. The intervention also helps them to question aspects of teaching and learning, although such reflection is at a technical level. Our study is useful for teacher educators who are interested in supporting reflective practice through coaching and mentoring. It also cautions school leaders and policymakers implementing major curriculum reforms not to lose sight of Stenhouse's view that 'it is teachers who, in the end, will change the world of the school by understanding it'. The paper concludes by discussing the research implications in shaping emerging practice and policy in the context of ongoing system‐level reform and curriculum implementation in Wales, with potential applicability and portability to other contexts and jurisdictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Open and distance education (ODE) has continuously evolved, significantly influencing educational, daily, and professional spheres, thereby prompting interest in its sustainability and quality. This study explored global scientific perspectives on quality assurance in ODE using the science mapping method. Search terms centred on open education, distance education, and quality assurance; data was gathered from 4,224 scientific texts in the Web of Science Core Collection. Analyses were conducted using VOSviewer software. Co-authorship analyses explored scientific collaboration structures at the country level. Globally shared concepts of interest to the scientific community were addressed using co-occurrence analyses. A detailed examination of co-occurrence outputs led to classification related to general and emerging key concepts. Results depicted a widespread global interest in quality assurance in ODE, fostering connections based on new cultural similarities. The concept of quality assurance in ODE continues to be enriched and developed, gravitating towards focused learning and instruction, establishing strong ties with various components of regular education as well as human elements. However, the prevailing view of quality assurance has yet to encompass this diversity. Rather than consider the nature and current potential of ODE, it has maintained an externalized and technical perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ABI Technik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Innovation usually requires time‐consuming exploratory approaches. However, external shocks and related crises, such as the COVID‐19 pandemic, lead to severe time pressures, which require short‐term R&D results. We investigate how organizations' prior collaboration and existing knowledge not only helped them cope with the crisis but also affected the vaccine's development performance. Specifically, we investigate the R&D outcomes of 386 organizations involved in the COVID‐19 vaccine's development within the first 18 months after the pandemic's outbreak. The results reveal that under urgency, organizations with prior scientific collaborations and technological knowledge exhibit a higher R&D performance. Furthermore, a broad network of diverse collaborators strengthened this relationship, thereby calling for more interdisciplinary R&D activities. We therefore extend the literature on innovation speed and strengthen long‐term R&D outcomes' role in organizations with a broad existing knowledge base and collaboration networks. We do so by specifically supporting such organizations' ability to integrate their previous R&D's and collaborations' knowledge to achieve rapid innovative outcomes under urgency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Human Resource Management research is striving to develop rigorous and actionable knowledge for today's social and environmental global challenges. For years, academic‐stakeholder collaborative knowledge creation processes have been considered as potentially rewarding ways to achieve this objective. However, applications of collaborative HRM research are still relatively sparse, as HR scholars tend to engage with more traditional processes of knowledge creation. The aim of this editorial is to foster more widespread conduct of collaborative HRM research in the future. Drawing on Habermas, whose ideas on human knowledge are considered to be at the core of the epistemology of collaborative management research, we first highlight three avenues for collaborative HRM research that addresses our technical, practical and emancipatory knowledge‐constitutive interests. For each of them, we highlight key theoretical assumptions and risks. Thereafter, we describe two key requirements for rigour and relevance in the context of any collaborative HRM study. Finally, we present the papers included in this special section and discuss their implications for HRM research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate whether growing geopolitical competition has affected international collaboration in sustainable development research, with a particular focus on structural changes in bilateral research collaboration between China and the United States. Three datasets have been created and compared using bibliographic information provided by the Web of Science core collection: before the Trump administration, during the Trump administration, and during the Biden administration. The results indicate that countries worldwide have conducted extensive research in sustainable development, and the United States, China, and the United Kingdom have produced the most publications, demonstrating a high level of scientific research productivity. Concerning the collaborative patterns of sustainable development research, China and the United States are each other's largest collaborative partners. The intensity of scientific research collaboration between the two countries has not declined due to geopolitical tensions. Conversely, the intensity of scientific research between the two countries is still increasing. The keyword thematic explorations reveal that research on China–US collaboration has focused differently across the three time periods and that despite differences in research bias, efforts to contribute to advancing the achievement of the SDGs have been consistent. It is possible that geopolitical considerations have heightened the urgency of policy research and led to its incorporation into research centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has broadly supported quality by design initiatives for clinical trials – including monitoring and data validation – by releasing two related guidance documents (FDA 2013 and 2019). Centralized statistical monitoring (CSM) can be a component of a quality by design process. In this article, we describe our experience with a CSM platform as part of a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement between CluePoints and FDA. This agreement's approach to CSM is based on many statistical tests performed on all relevant subject-level data submitted to identify outlying sites. An overall data inconsistency score is calculated to assess the inconsistency of data from one site compared to data from all sites. Sites are ranked by the data inconsistency score ($ - {\log _{10}}\left(p \right), $ − log 10 p , where $p$ p is an aggregated p-value). Results from a deidentified trial demonstrate the typical data anomaly findings through Statistical Monitoring Applied to Research Trials analyses. Sensitivity analyses were performed after excluding laboratory data and questionnaire data. Graphics from deidentified subject-level trial data illustrate abnormal data patterns. The analyses were performed by site, country/region, and patient separately. Key risk indicator analyses were conducted for the selected endpoints. Potential data anomalies and their possible causes are discussed. This data-driven approach can be effective and efficient in selecting sites that exhibit data anomalies and provides insights to statistical reviewers for conducting sensitivity analyses, subgroup analyses, and site by treatment effect explorations. Messy data, data failing to conform to standards, and other disruptions (e.g. the COVID-19 pandemic) can pose challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For two centuries, academics and their universities have competed for prominence and vied to demonstrate that their institutions are at the center of the scholarly world. Scientific advances in particular fields, reciprocal academic visits and conferences, impressive physical architecture, and publishing in shared venues and a lingua franca are among the many dimensions in which universities seek prestige in a relational status system. We call this system competitive emulation and theorize it as a mode of rivalry neither fully captured by imaginaries of economic and political competition nor eclipsed by third-party ranking schemes. By nuancing university competition this way, we emphasize its fragility, dynamism, and relationality, and suggest how this special form of competition might be leveraged for strategic action in our current times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the publication performance of the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia across 24 social science disciplines indexed by Scopus from 2019 to 2023. Using data from Scopus, SciVal, and Scimago, we analyzed regional journal statuses, disciplinary backlogs, journal biases, and publication excellence. Our results show that Poland and the Czech Republic lead in journal and publication counts, whereas Hungary and Slovakia lag behind significantly. Four disciplines—e-learning, human factors and ergonomics, life-span and life-course studies, and social work—had minimal or no publications, highlighting their marginalization. We found a high internal bias in publication practices, notably in Poland and Hungary, which raises concerns considering the Norwegian list standards. While Poland and the Czech Republic show a higher proportion of excellent publications, the overall number of high-quality articles remains low, and publications by the Big Five publishers are exceedingly limited. This analysis underscores the need for strategic policy interventions to enhance research quality and international collaboration to improve the scientific standing of the Visegrad countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coffee berry disease (CBD) is not present in the Americas and presents a potential risk for growing coffee. Therefore, Colombia, which has been in scientific cooperation with the Centro de Investigação de Ferrugens do Cafeeiro (CIFC) of Portugal for more than 30 years, has been evaluating the genetic resistance of nine populations of C. arabica to 13 isolates of Colletotrichum kahawae JM Waller and PD Bridge, which are diverse in terms of aggressiveness and geographical origin. The phenotypes observed in the interaction between C. arabica and C. kahawae were used to develop a statistically reliable scale (p-value ≥ 0.001) to categorize resistance in C. arabica into five classes, and this scale was used to classify the nine populations of C. arabica evaluated. The results allowed us to corroborate the potential of Timor Hybrid CIFC 1343 (TH CIFC 1343) as a source of genetic resistance to CBD and to identify new genetic sources not yet explored for the development of varieties in Colombia that may eventually mitigate the effects of CBD in the face of increasing rainfall events and minimum temperatures due to climate change, which can favor disease development. Additionally, the results suggest that the existence of races in the C. arabica–C. kahawae complex is probable, and a selection of genotypes was identified as a possible differential series of races in C. kahawae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientists are increasingly specializing to manage the vast knowledge bases within their domains, making knowledge-sharing strategies essential for scientific progress. Among these strategies, international scientific collaboration has increased markedly. We analyse the role of thematic specialization as one of its drivers in the context of Chagas research, a neglected disease. Since there is a strong research tradition in Latin America on this topic, it is an interesting context to study centre-periphery research dynamics. Using a novel bibliometric database on Chagas research during 1990–2019, we exploit its panel structure in a gravity-type econometric model. The findings show that the degree of specialization and its proximity among partners boost joint publications. Both effects are particularly important for country dyads involving authors from the periphery linked to authors in the centre. This paper is the first empirical study to assess the role of specialization as a driver of international scientific collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of non-Arctic and non-European countries in the Arctic has been growing over the past two decades. Given the geographic distance of these countries from the polar region, their presence in the High North may seem surprising. In this article, we study the presence in Svalbard of scientists from different origins and how they interact through an analysis of the field missions in which they are involved. Combining network analysis and interviews, we highlight the role of the stations located in the archipelago for access to the field and the cooperation strategies of scientists, including those from countries that do not have stations above the Arctic Circle. We tackle issues of integration in this area by empirically discussing three logics: (1) scientific autonomy, (2) core-periphery structure, and (3) regional patterns of cooperation, thus going beyond an approach strictly limited to the analysis of science diplomacy policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe the evolution and aims of the European Association for Osseointegration (EAO) Junior Committee (JC). Materials and Methods: Former members of the EAO JC and members of the board were interviewed, and current projects and initiatives were summarized. Results: The EAO JC was launched in 2007 as the first young committee in Europe. Despite initial skepticism, it became a famous initiative, and the concept was copied by other dental and medical associations and societies. Since 2010, the committee organizes summer camps allowing young talents to discuss, network and interact beyond traditional boundaries. Conclusions: The EAO JC is giving fresh energy to the entire society and provides education and network opportunities for young clinicians and scientists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prolonged war in Ukraine is having a strong impact on all sectors of the Ukrainian society, including biomedical research. Although the material and psychological conditions are challenging, the country and its researchers are courageously managing to continue their activities. This perspective paper describes the multiple challenges faced by Ukrainian biomedical researchers during wartime and outlines strategies to support and enhance collaboration with the global scientific community. Ukraine has a rich scientific history and modern expertise in biomedical research, and developing more international collaborations with Ukraine can have mutual benefits for all involved parties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to explore students' perspectives on integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into scientific collaboration, specifically on writing academic articles and creating scientific posters. The research employed open-ended interviews conducted among 61 civil and military students. Opinions were labelled, coded, and gathered into the following categories: positive impact on collaboration, challenges faced, and educational impact. Among the positives were improving efficiency, enhancing the quality of work, and generating new ideas. The challenges concerned experiencing technical difficulties with AI tools, inconsistency in AI outputs, and AI dependence, which may lead to behaviours on the verge of addiction. Regarding educational impact, students noticed that AI helps improve learning new skills, increases engagement in the task, and enhances critical thinking. As one researcher performed the thematic analyses, Cohen's Kappa statistic was used to ensure intra-coder reliability. This study highlights the need for further research to optimize the use of AI in scientific collaboration while addressing ethical concerns related to students' motivations for using AI tools, promoting responsible use, and researching students' emotions, cognitive processes, and behaviours resulting from their interactions with AI tools. The research provides valuable insights for educators and policymakers to integrate AI effectively into academic practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Most studies do not produce their intended outcomes on time or within budget. However, it is challenging to identify the facilitators and barriers to successful study management when the "behind the scenes action" of especially digitally enabled health research studies are akin to a black box. Therefore, it is necessary to explore first-hand experience of the facilitators and barriers to managing digitally enabled health studies. The goal of such studies is to produce new knowledge and/or develop tools that can be translated to real-world benefits for the health and care sector, individuals, and other stakeholders. These studies now exist in a time that encourages collaborative research activities with interdisciplinary research partnerships, industry collaboration, end-user involvement and insights for policy. These expectations require teams with different work cultures, methodologies, technologies, and approaches to work together, resulting in significant benefits but also challenges. Objectives: To explore the relationship between the dynamics and needs of research teams and the technology used to manage digitally enabled studies through the experience of those who worked on such studies. Methods: We used an interpretive phenomenological approach to explore research team members' experiences and perceptions of study management in the field of digitally enabled health research. We interviewed 15 research team members from eight studies. A semi-structured interview guide was used to explore concepts related to study activity management, team dynamics, resources and technologies used to manage research activities, and reflections of personal experiences. An adductive thematic analysis was performed on the transcripts. Results: Five main themes were identified: 1) Project Team, 2) Study management, which included management technologies, 3) Study plan, 4) Intervention, 5) Participants. This paper focuses on the first two main themes. Sub-themes included: Roles and responsibilities, Methods, Changes, Challenges and solutions and Expectations vs. reality. Sub-themes were applicable to all main themes. Therefore, results were presented as knowledge gained from the interaction between sub-themes within each theme, i.e. referred to as "comprehensive insights" in the results section of this paper. Conclusion: This interview study provides new knowledge about the realities of working in collaborative, digitally enabled health research studies and demonstrates several opportunities for improved understanding of study management. More realistic and thorough understanding of the complex system in which digitally enabled health research exists can be applied to better prepare experienced researchers and newly graduated students entering the field, as well as improve existing strategies for management. Highlights: 1. Research team members with developed skills from other fields can add value to research projects by contributing relevant yet different perspectives and solutions, regardless of a lack of experience in digitally enabled health studies. 2. Working together while having different approaches to science, e.g. building knowledge subjectively via experience (constructivism) vs. gaining knowledge objectively via observation and structured study (positivism), requires us all to understand the purpose of each approach and openly acknowledge one another's contributions. 3. Researchers are eternal learners – given the speed of technology development and work cultures of collaborating non-scientific research-based partners, we need to expand our knowledge of methodologies and research approaches to keep pace and relevance. 4. The use of study management technologies was largely unplanned. Research team members chose and used systems and programs that they were familiar with and available at the time. 5. The multitude of study management technologies mentioned were individually focused on a study stage or task, largely siloed, and subsequently challenging for collaborative tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CroRIS brings together information on scientific activities across Croatia into one central system. This not only makes research data more visible and accessible but also ensures it can be easily shared with others, meeting international standards for data exchange. Looking ahead, CroRIS is set to expand its features, improving how it works with digital repositories and managing research data. These updates aim to make the research process more connected, easier to navigate, and more efficient, highlighting Croatia's dedication to open science. This commitment helps foster global collaboration and makes scientific research more open and accessible to all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first documented dinosaur footprints in Southeast Asia were discovered in 1984. The footprint site is located on the Somdet cliff overlying Phu Luang hill in the Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary, Loei Province, Northeastern Thailand. The tracksite is imprinted on a sandstone bed of the Phu Phan Formation, Lower Cretaceous. It is the only footprint track discovered from this stage in Thailand. However, the Phu Luang tracksite is at risk of deterioration due to climate, animal, and human activities. This study aims to monitor a digital conservation plan for this tracksite using 3D models generated through digital photogrammetry. This method's 3D model output can capture texture and color, and can represent the properties of the specimen at the time. When compared to older processes such as cast and mold footprint, it produces better results and is easier to use. These models provide informative data in detail for conservation and enhance scientific communication and collaboration. By adopting photogrammetry, data production becomes rapid and cost-effective, benefiting specialists and the public for conservation and knowledge dissemination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite being defined in the West as alternative medicine and often seen as incommensurable with biomedicine and bioscience, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has, paradoxically, assimilated into dominant spaces of knowledge production and legitimation, such as the International Classification of Diseases. In Australia, TCM comprises a designated area of cooperation with China, and TCM research is carried out in numerous universities by otherwise mainstream scientists. Focusing on the Australian case, we examine how and why TCM has transcended scientific skepticism to become an object of scientific study. Through interviews with Australian TCM researchers (n = 10), we identify aspects of TCM that function as conceptual and material boundary objects, facilitating its uptake in bioscientific disciplines. Furthermore, we locate TCM research in the wider context of Australian-Chinese knowledge exchange, highlighting the role of "coordinating boundary objects," such as institutional agreements, in enabling scientific work, as well as the supportive role performed by boundary actors who translate across social worlds. By illustrating how these objects/actors enact TCM research in Australia, as well as their interdependence, the paper contributes a deeper understanding of the operation of boundary objects in international scientific collaboration and the factors determining the scientific success of this alternative medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A growing body of work has problematised how global epistemic inequality is reproduced in contemporary university settings and epistemic cultures – thinking through the lens of Eurocentrism and utilising the language of a Global North and South. However, the extent to which a relationship between geopolitical and epistemic inequality is woven into knowledge production within Europe has received less attention. Rising EU funding opportunities have facilitated a corresponding climb in transnational European social science collaborations, in concert with an expansion of empirical locations with which these projects engage. Still, increases in member state participation do not necessarily contribute to a more balanced epistemic landscape for knowledge production. Not all countries are treated equally as cases and often, these patterns of inequality reflect what Maria do Mar Pereira calls the epistemic status of nations: the idea that certain countries and continents are considered more or less likely to produce valuable or exportable scholarly knowledge. In this article, Pereira's theory of epistemic status is extended in its implications to study choices for the selection of countries as cases. We use both quantitative data from the EU CORDIS register and ethnographic data exploring academic and collaborative practices in transnational EU-funded projects. The article addresses the 'where' of collaborative research by focusing on epistemic attributes rather than participatory optics. In doing so, we reflect not only on the structures and strategies of science funding in Europe but also further unsettle discussions around global epistemic inequality within academic theory and practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Gastroenterology Immunology Neuroscience (GIN) Discovery Program represents a new model for research that overcomes the limitations imposed by traditional "research silos" in science. By uniting these three fields, the GIN Program aims to enhance the understanding and treatment of chronic conditions through a system‐wide perspective focusing on the gut–immune–brain axis. Key initiatives include monthly interdisciplinary seminars, an annual symposium, and GINnovate, a commercialization and entrepreneurship event. Additionally, the program offers a seed grant competition for early and mid‐career researchers, promoting advancements in gut–immune–brain axis research through the power of collaboration. The GIN Program in a short period of time has facilitated the formation of a vibrant community, captivating attention from both national and international institutions. This effort to break down barriers in research aims to inspire similar models that prioritize open communication, mutual respect and a commitment to impactful science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes anti-corruption research and the body of knowledge produced by researchers in Southeast Europe (SEE). It compares it to the extant global anti-corruption literature. We consider all available scientific outputs from the SEE region, indexed by the Elsevier Scopus bibliometric database, and employ the Elsevier SciVal software solution to analyze the productivity and impact of the regional anti-corruption research. We also consider the influence of international cooperation on regional scientific productivity and its impact. The bibliometric comparison of the global and regional research and the authors' qualitative assessment of these differences are performed. We also identify the implications and future research priorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The delivery of academic statistical collaboration resources can vary among types of institutions and across time. In particular, this variation might occur in the management of infrastructure and the business model, the staffing model and opportunities for staff development. In this manuscript, we present examples of these three themes in modern academic statistical collaboration units and describe key advantages and challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates international research collaboration (IRC) dynamics between the United States and the United Kingdom, examining co-publication and co-patent indicators. While IRC is crucial for enhancing research competitiveness and economic development, the choice of indicators remains a challenge. The paper addresses this gap by examining the association between co-publications and co-patents on the measurement of IRC. Findings indicate a robust positive correlation between co-publications and co-patents, reflecting increased collaboration in academic and industrial domains. Despite distinct growth rates, their aligned trends suggest potential redundancy in using both indicators. Notably, co-patents have a lasting positive effect on co-publications, emphasising the role of industrial innovations in forecasting scientific collaboration. Acknowledging study limitations, particularly its focus on core countries, prompts future research avenues to broaden insights into IRC dynamics. This study connects theoretical understanding with practical implications, offering nuanced perspectives for policymakers to formulate strategic plans for global scientific collaboration. Researchers are encouraged to consider these insights when selecting indicators, aligning choices with data availability and analytical ease to enhance the relevance and impact of their studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Executing a successful teaching practicum is closely related to effective collaboration between preservice and cooperating teachers. Thus, this study implemented and investigated collaborative inquiry between preservice and cooperating music teachers in Korea. The results showed that the preservice music teachers played an important role in theoretical application based on their recently acquired knowledge, whereas the cooperating music teachers challenged their thinking by offering practical perspectives grounded in their experiences. The different roles enabled the connection of theory to practice in music education and the active participation from both groups. In addition, sufficient time for the preparation of instructional strategies and shared visions positively affected the equally important roles between the preservice and cooperating music teachers, whereas lack of time and opportunities to reflect on teaching practices after lesson implementation hindered collaborative inquiry. These findings support the previous literature, which suggests that collaborative inquiry could be an effective tool for teacher collaboration, by applying collaborative inquiry to the specific context of collaboration between preservice and collaborating music teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The decomposition of animal remains is a multifaceted process, involving ecological, biological, and chemical interactions. While the complexity is acknowledged through concepts like the necrobiome, it's unclear if this complexity is reflected in research. Appreciation of the complexity of decomposition is crucial for identifying sources of variation in estimations of time since death in medico-legal science, as well as building broader ecological knowledge of the decomposition process. To gain insights into the extent of multidisciplinary research in the field of decomposition science, we conducted an examination of peer-reviewed literature on four key drivers of variation: volatile organic compounds, microbes, drugs/toxins, and insects. Among 650 articles, we identified their scientific discipline, driver/s of variation investigated, and year of publication. We found that 19% explored relationships between two drivers, while only 4% investigated interactions between three. None considered all four drivers. Over the past three decades, there has been a steady increase in decomposition research publications, signifying its growing importance. Most research (79%) was linked to forensic science, highlighting opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration in decomposition science. Overall, our review underscores the need to incorporate multidisciplinary approaches and theory into contemporary decomposition research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Since the turn of the 21st century, research on an inquiry-based approach in science education has increasingly been geared towards the integration of technology, primarily focused on secondary and tertiary education. Thus far, no study has reviewed research on a technology-integrated, inquiry-based approach in the specific context of primary science education. Purpose & Method: This scoping review has two primary aims: to investigate the characteristics of the technological interventions used in previous research that employed an inquiry-based approach in science education and to examine the effects of this integrated approach on primary pupils' learning in science. Fifteen articles from science education journals based on Scimago Journal Rank in the first quartile of 2020 and the Scopus database of the years 2017 to 2021 were extracted and reviewed using narrative and thematic analysis. Findings: The review navigates research that has focused on the development of inquiry-based technological tools, the assimilation of the tools with scientific knowledge, and the type of technological intervention used. The technological tools employed were either self-developed or already available on the market. They took one of two forms: a learning management system or a games/simulation. Furthermore, most of the research integrated science contents into their technological tools. In terms of the effects of the technology-integrated, inquiry-based approach, most of the studies demonstrated positive impacts on primary pupils' learning in science, including pupils' improved conceptual understanding, scientific and thinking skills, views towards science, levels of motivation and interest, and collaborative skills. Conclusions: Based on this review, it is suggested that science teachers should integrate technology into an inquiry-based approach, as research has shown that this approach positively impacts pupils' learning in science. Future empirical studies should also be carried out to examine the processes needed to integrate technology into an inquiry-based approach, rather than focusing on the effects alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research explores ethics in the context of education collaboration and partnership work. It is part of a wider collaborative provision study of leaders and managers in 4 universities and 15 colleges, and it draws upon interviews, meetings and conversations, focusing upon the character of the partnership relationship as depicted by the participants in the study. In the analysis, the terms 'contract' and 'covenant' are used respectively to describe business and educational aspects and features of CBHE partnerships. Rather than viewing these as a duality or in tension with each other, the evidence of the data points to an assimilation between the two. The ethical dimension of partnership and collaboration in the higher education context is found to be widely present and to co-exist with more business-focused, means-ends formulations. Judging from this data, financial and instrumental motivations were rarely unaccompanied by a more altruistic sense of the educational partnership as worthwhile in its own right, a good thing, and as a powerful lever for higher education access and widening participation. The article concludes by noting the complexity of CBHE partnerships, suggesting that this should be borne in mind in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses emergent issues from four conceptualisers of FEResearchmeet. FEResearchmeet claims to be a free and democratic model for building and supporting engagement with research, led by practitioners. The narratives presented seek to document and analyse FEResearchmeet as a movement across the first three years since its inception (2017–2020). After setting out the context and methodology of the work, narrative one explores how a reaction against New Public Management (NPM) sparked an event and how this grew into a movement of collaborating individuals seeking to reposition their voices and knowledge. The second narrative looked at how an early 'meet' was used to challenge norms and barriers to research by creating safe spaces for the development of expertise. Narrative three journeys through the early months of COVID-19 to explore how capacity building through collaboration allows sector workers to value their voices. These narratives lead to a critique of the epistemological changes these experiences have developed and have the potential to develop in the future. The paper concludes by arguing that FEResearchmeet was a reaction against NPM by agentic practitioners who used collaboration and capacity building as tools to create new pools of knowledge in an attempt to change this position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the processes of educational ethnography and questions the traditional use of the field notebook and research relationships. It forms part of an ongoing collaborative study analyzing university students' learning trajectories. Guided by inclusive ethics, the study proposes that researcher–participant collaboration is fundamental in defying traditional research methodologies. Post-qualitative inquiry enables an inclusive ethics perspective by providing a critical view of the usual ways of conducting research. The paper presents three cases of collaborators taking a field notebook and self-observing their learning. Participant agency facilitates our immersion in different worlds and produces new, non-standardized perceptions that enable the transformation of educational ethnography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How to determine fair and reasonable allocation schemes (i.e. solutions of the game) is an important research content of cooperative games. The marginal distribution principle based on the contribution of players and the social distribution principle considering the internal connections of players are widely used in the definition of solutions. Various combination solutions usually reflect both types of these two distribution principles. In response to the problem of exogeneity and lack of reasonable explanation of combination parameters in existing combination solutions, this paper utilizes the social acceptability of solutions to mainly analyze two types of combination solutions based on Shapley value, Solidarity value, ENSC value, and equal division value. Sufficient (necessary) conditions for selecting parameter range in combination solutions are given, and the relationship between different social acceptability is elucidated. Furthermore, we reveal the impact of combination coefficients on the behavior of players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]