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Prior studies have tended to focus on the figure of consumer movements rather than the ground from which they arise. This AI-assisted netnography interprets data from the WallStreetBets (WSB) subreddit during the GameStop short squeeze and for a period of 2.5 years afterwards. Analysis reveals an intimate relationship between the subreddit and portrayals of participants' everyday lives, connecting financial strategies to jokes, memes, banter, and personal anecdotes. Collective identities are forged through discussions of life situations, populist counternarratives, shared cultural referents, and self-deprecation. Findings reveal digital activism ranging from the everyday and transitional to the extraordinary, bridging literatures on fluid consumer movements with everyday politics. Results affirm the value of collective identification to digital activism and suggest conceptual linkages to participatory culture and infinite gameplay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance's (AHKGA) evaluation of the Para Report Card Initiative for measuring the physical activity of children and adolescents with disabilities (CAWD). Topics discussed include an evaluation survey to reflect experiences in the initiative, a planning survey about the integration/segregation of CAWD data into/from the Global Matrix 5.0, and the cooperation between AHKGA and the International Federation for Adapted Physical Activity (IFAPA).

The multifaceted ways in which genomics can be valuable to clinicians, patients, families, and society are important for informing prioritization decisions by policy makers. This study aims to develop a standardized, cumulative, and preference-weighted genomic utility valuation (GUV) on a scale of 0% to 100%. A multicriteria decision analysis was conducted with experts involved in policy, clinical, research, and consumer advocacy leadership in Australia for the valuation of policy priority indicators of genomic utility. The use of the GUV scale to support policy decisions is illustrated through a stylized example, and benchmark scoring thresholds of genomic utility were identified by mapping evidence from real-world health technology assessments leading to the public reimbursement of genomic testing in Australia onto the GUV scale. In total, 33 (73%) invited experts participated in the study. Clinical utility had the highest priority, followed by societal, diagnostic, economic, and family utilities. Improving health outcomes had the highest preference value (29.5%), followed by improving equity (22.6%), Having high diagnostic yield (22.2%), improving symptom management (15.5%), being cost saving (14.3%), having average diagnostic yield (13.1%), enabling access to clinical trials (12.3%), and enabling reproductive family planning (11.5%). Genomic testing scores from real-world health technology assessments ranged from 46% for syndromic and nonsyndromic intellectual disability to about 60% for mitochondrial conditions and genetic kidney diseases. Comparisons of genomic utility across different clinical contexts may seem difficult because of the multiple criteria required to be weighted to support policy decisions. This comparison is now facilitated in a standardized manner with the GUV scale. • We developed the genomic utility valuation scale to enable a standardized measurement and scoring of genomic utility on a 0% to 100% scale based on 5 key policy priority indicators (clinical, diagnostic, economic, societal, and family utility). • Improving health outcomes, having high diagnostic yield, being cost saving, improving equity, and enabling reproductive planning were the most preferred levels of the 5 indicators. • Our work enables consistency in reporting and benchmarking of different genomic test indications, facilitating evidence-based research and policy decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advocacy has been defined as promoting social inclusion, equality and social justice to empower people - principles closely associated with social work's professional values. However, in-depth literature on advocacy and the current challenges it faces is sparse. Little is known about the day-to-day realities faced by advocates and the pressures they currently experience. This raises the question of who might advocate for the advocates themselves? This article reports on findings from a larger study to explore local recruitment and retention issues in adult social care from the perspective of different populations of interest in the South of England. A mixed methods approach was undertaken. One group of participants were advocates drawn from LA contracted services (n = 7) who participated in a focus group. Comments relating to the challenges facing advocacy and knock-on impacts on advocates from the recruitment and retention issues currently being experienced in adult social care were themed together and are described. The findings highlight a number of challenges currently facing advocacy and advocates alongside an urgent need for more research to take place within this area. The authors also offer suggestions for consideration to help improve this picture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current linear economy, with its "take-make-dispose" approach, has led to an unprecedented level of waste generation related to the end-of-life of electronics products, entailing huge impacts on climate change, pollution and resource depletion. Against this trend, product repairability is a preferred Circular Economy strategy to extend product lifespan and contrast obsolescence. It is strongly advocated by consumer movements ("Right to Repair") and supported by environmental policies, such as the European Union Circular Economy Action Plan. To be effective, a repairability strategy has to be defined at the product design stage. However, many electronics products are still designed with built-in obsolescence. In literature, Design for Repair (DfR) strategies are presented in a fragmented way, with their role in fighting obsolescence and enabling a Circular Economy being under-investigated. Through a systematic literature review, this article aims to identify the product design elements (DfR features) and detailed practical actions (DfR practices) that facilitate the repairability of products, preventing different types of product obsolescence as well as finding the indicators (DfR measures) to quantify DfR features to assess the level of product repairability. The systematic analysis revealed that, while DfR features (and the relative practices and measures) that contrast mechanical, technological and service obsolescence have been frequently investigated by the literature, lower attention has been dedicated to DfR features preventing relative obsolescence. These practices deserve more theoretical and practice-oriented research. The identified DfR features, practices and measures are then organized into a comprehensive framework, which sheds light on the operationalization of repair as a CE strategy and support designers and R&D engineers in designing products to be repaired. The framework provides guidelines to product designers and engineers to operationalize the 'Plan-Do-Check-Act' cycle of product development for repairability to increase product circularity. The framework also supports policymakers in the benchmarking and fine-tuning of currently policy adopted methods for assessing repairability at the product level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has placed more attention on the mental health of student-athletes because they are experiencing mental health challenges at a higher rate than their nonathlete peers. This led the NCAA to create a mental health initiative that encouraged athletic departments to hire a mental health professional to meet the psychological needs of student-athletes. Over the last 7 years, we have seen an increase in the number of psychological providers hired in NCAA Division I athletics to meet the varying needs of student-athletes. However, most universities are only hiring 1 professional to meet the mental health and mental performance needs of student-athletes. Mental health services focus on addressing pathological mental health concerns, whereas mental performance services are designed to assist student-athletes with performance-related challenges (eg, managing performance pressures). In addition to the mental health initiative, the NCAA Transformational Committee published a report that continued to emphasize the importance of meeting the mental health needs of student-athletes but did not acknowledge mental performance services as an essential resource. Therefore, student-athletes' mental performance needs may not be met. In this paper, we call on athletic trainers to assist in advocating for more education about the differences between services and for both mental performance and mental health services to be available to student-athletes. With athletic trainers often having strong relationships with student-athletes and sport-related administrators, foundational training competencies in both mental performance and mental health, and the desire to balance improving health and performance, they are in a unique position to advocate for better educational resources and the inclusion of both mental performance and mental health services to meet the varying psychological needs of student-athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food insecurity (FI) has short‐ and long‐term effects on maternal and child health, with persistent inequities within under‐resourced communities of colour (e.g., Hispanic and Non‐Hispanic Black). Interventions to mitigate maternal–child FI must engage the voices of under‐resourced communities of colour to improve implementation and tackle socio‐ecological drivers of inequities, leading to positive maternal–child outcomes. This exploratory sequential mixed‐methods study aimed to co‐create implementation strategies to tailor a culturally sensitive intervention to address FI during the first 1000 days of life in under‐resourced communities of colour in Las Vegas. A Community Advisory Board (CAB) engaged in a two‐step participatory process. First, through the concept mapping, hierarchical cluster analysis organized 125 strategies into seven thematic areas: policy and advocacy, access to food and resources, built environment, education across systems, social and peer support, cultural congruency and trust, and wellness and mental health. Second, through consensus‐building, strategies were combined by similarity (n = 94) and excluded if unrelated to health and nutrition (n = 9). The CAB reached a consensus on 22 strategies classified across three socio‐ecological levels. Examples of strategies at the community level (n = 16) included increasing utilization of federal nutrition assistance programmes; at the service level (n = 4), integrating FI screenings and referral coordination systems across services; and at the individual level (n = 2), providing mentorship, education, and support for families and moms. The co‐creation of a culturally sensitive intervention to reduce inequities in maternal‐child FI during the first 1000 days of life requires multi‐level strategies across three socio‐ecological levels in under‐resourced communities of colour in Las Vegas. Key messages: Implementation co‐creation can increase interventions' feasibility, acceptability, and ownership, ultimately reducing structural barriers and inequities.Using a concept mapping activity, the community advisory board (CAB) identified seven thematic areas for addressing maternal‐child food insecurity: policy and advocacy, access to food and resources, built environment, education across systems, social and peer support, cultural congruency and trust, and wellness and mental health.Using a consensus‐building process, the CAB reached a consensus on 22 strategies across three socio‐ecological levels. Examples of strategies at the community level (n = 16) included the reach and utilization of federal nutrition assistance programmes; at the service level (n = 4), integrating FI screenings and referral and coordination systems across services; and at the individual level (n = 2), developing groups that provide support for moms.The co‐creation of a culturally sensitive intervention to address maternal‐child food insecurity during the first 1000 days requires multi‐level strategies across three socio‐ecological levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The International Code of Marketing of Breast‐milk Substitutes and subsequent resolutions (the Code) was adopted to address increases in mortality and morbidity resulting from the practices of the breast‐milk substitute (BMS) industry. The lack of success in ensuring company compliance with the Code has prompted advocates to consider engaging with investors to shape the governance of BMS companies. To support these efforts, this paper aimed to identify prominent investors in the global BMS industry and explore their Code‐related policies and practices. Using multiple methods and data sources, we developed a novel approach to identify and rank investors in the world's leading publicly listed BMS companies. We also examined the policies and voting behaviour of a sample of investors using publicly accessible materials from 2020 to 2022. We found that a small number of large investors, led by BlackRock and Vanguard, hold a substantial share in the global BMS industry. Of the top‐10 ranked investors, only Norway's Government Pension Fund (NBIM) reported policy information relating specifically to BMS marketing. Most of these large investors also opposed the sample of public health‐related shareholder proposals analysed. In addition, we identified several investors that have reported engaging with BMS companies on Code‐related issues, including NBIM, Pictet, and UBS, along with several potential investor targets for future advocacy efforts, including some North American public pension funds. The inclusion of Code‐related issues as part of broader policies, disclosures and regulations related to environmental, social and governance oriented investment warrants increased attention. Key messages: Large investors may have an important role to play in increasing company compliance with the International Code of Marketing for Breast‐milk Substitutes (BMS) and subsequent resolutions.Most top investors in the global BMS industry do not have policies on BMS‐related issues and tend to oppose public health‐related shareholder proposals.Some investors have reported engaging with BMS companies on Code‐related issues, although a lack of transparency makes it difficult for third parties to examine such engagements.The inclusion of Code‐related issues as part of broader policies, disclosures and regulations related to environmental, social and governance oriented investment warrants increased attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People in vulnerable situations have the same right as others to participate in public spheres and influence health and welfare services. However, organisations that support these people and promote their interests are essential to their participation. This study investigated how people in vulnerable situations with lived experiences of using public services participate in organisations representing their interests. Fourteen representatives from eight interest organisations were interviewed. The first theme we developed – namely, participation as representatives of the organisations , revealed that a spokesperson's role is connected to competence and that users of public services rarely obtain such a position. However, people with experience of using public services participate as living examples in external activities, increasing the groups' visibility through their physical presence and their stories. The second theme was titled participation in organisational activities. The extent to which people with lived experiences participate in formal meetings varies, but they are often consulted by the organisations and attend events and informal gatherings. Notably, people in vulnerable situations interact with and, thus, influence the service-providing organisations. This article discusses the findings in light of representation theory and their implications for practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poverty and food insecurity are issues of concern for Australians. Urban Angels Community Kitchen (UACK) is a nonprofit program providing free, healthy, homemade meals in regional Queensland, Australia. The volunteer-run program is a charity model service that addresses common barriers to food relief access, such as eligibility testing and complex referral processes. This qualitative research project used a Community-based Participatory Research (CBPR) method to conduct a program evaluation of UACK. Program clients (n = 16) participated in in-depth interviews. Inductive thematic analysis established six themes: building connections, emotional and mental health benefits, service satisfaction, impact on clients, limited alternatives for food, and sustainability. Findings support UACK as an innovative model for addressing food insecurity that positively impacts clients' biopsychosocial wellbeing. Advocating for food security is a crucial issue for social work. Social workers can advance social justice and health equity by increasing understanding of community models that address food insecurity. IMPLICATIONS Food insecurity in Australia is a growing concern that requires a contextual response from programs and services. Community kitchen models provide clients with a range of biopsychosocial benefits. Food insecurity is a social justice issue that needs to be considered by social work professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article offers examples of connections between built environments and health outcomes and discusses the current state of regulation of built environments. This article also suggests ethical questions about oversight and how health professions trainees can advocate for healthier built environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To provide insight into the process of developing health and nursing policy and how that process can be influenced by both researchers and nursing leaders. Background: Nurses care for people across the life course from birth to death, in our communities, hospitals, care homes and schools. They have unique insight into how people live their lives and how this affects their health. Despite being well placed to influence health policy, nurses often fail to capitalise on this. At the same time, academics often struggle to identify the policy implications of their research resulting in further missed opportunities to use policy influence. Sources of evidence: Classical policy theory, which is predominantly drawn from economics and public administration together with a range of contemporary nursing and health policy studies, is used in this paper to discuss the policy process and opportunities to influence. Discussion: Researchers need to focus on realistic policy suggestions that aim to raise awareness, highlight policy problems or set the agenda. In turn, nursing leaders, from National Nursing Associations, need to harness evidence to support their efforts to influence policy. In terms of influence, a range of approaches exist, and each lends itself to different parts of the policy cycle. Conclusion: The role nurses can play in health policy is not well developed in many countries. Nursing researchers and leaders are well placed to influence policy but must do so in a clear and pragmatic way recognising that policymakers make decisions despite being faced with conflicting evidence, competing demands and economic imperatives. Implications for nursing practice: Recognising that nurses can offer much in terms of policy development, the paper argues that a pragmatic approach based on different forms of influence at different stages is likely to be most successful. Implications for nursing and health policy: The evidence reviewed in this paper suggests that nursing academics and leaders need to identify realistic policy interventions when examining their own empirical work or identifying ways to individually or collectively influence policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Guidance and principles for involving the public in research or service planning exist but are not specific to the needs of parents of children with life‐limiting conditions or bereaved parents. Aim: Review the evidence on involving parents of children with life‐limiting conditions and bereaved parents in research, service planning and advocacy, and use this to develop best practice guidance. Methods: Rapid review following the Cochrane Rapid Reviews Methods Group Guidance. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for primary studies of any design and literature/systematic reviews, and grey literature searching was conducted. Sources reporting on involving parents of children with life‐limiting conditions or bereaved parents in healthcare, research, or charity work in any setting, were included. Data were charted using the UK standards for public involvement in research (PPI). Two PPI consultation workshops were conducted with parents (n = 13) and healthcare professionals/charity representatives (n = 7). Results: Six sources were included. Four reported benefits of parental involvement and two reported burdens. In relation to best practice, two reported on the importance of inclusive opportunities, three on working together, four on support and learning, three on communications, one on impact, and one on governance. PPI consultation workshops highlighted new factors which were not present in the literature around communication and understanding the impact of involvement. Conclusion: Organisations working with this group should consider offering inclusive approaches to improve diversity, levelling power imbalances, ensuring flexibility of approach, and appropriate communication and impact. Patient or Public Contribution: The study was conducted in collaboration with 13 parents of children with life‐limiting conditions and bereaved parents, and seven palliative care professionals. The group were involved at key stages of the review and contributed to the development of the findings and conduct of the review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parental stress increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Families with children with an intellectual or developmental disability (IDD) and extensive support needs—such as complex communication needs—experienced additional challenges, including service loss and difficulties accessing virtual learning. The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of parents (N = 37) with children with IDD and complex communication needs related to parental stress and family resilience. Qualitative interview and quantitative survey data were collected within a convergent parallel mixed-methods design, with interviews occurring three times across the 2020–2021 school year. The two sets of data were analyzed separately and then integrated using back-and-forth exchanges and a joint display. Findings indicated that families showed resilience through family adaptation and cohesion—creating rhythms and routines that fostered togetherness—and by growing in advocacy and empowerment related to their child's learning. But, many parents worried that they were not able to do enough for their child. Social support predicted lowered parental stress and stronger family resilience; yet, perceived social support varied widely across families—particularly support from teachers and service providers. This study provides important insight into family experiences during a unique time with the COVID-19 pandemic while pointing to important ways to strengthen family resilience long into a postpandemic future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document delves into various historical events and figures, such as the Aber Day Kegger in Montana, the Andrus Hotel in Dillon, and Dolores LaChapelle's life and work. It utilizes primary sources like newspapers and interviews to explore topics like student activism, environmental ethics, and skiing culture in the Western United States. By drawing on diverse perspectives and sources, the text offers a comprehensive overview of the cultural and historical significance of these subjects for researchers interested in these areas. Additionally, it discusses avalanche research in the San Juan Mountains, state control of the atmosphere in twentieth-century America, and Dolores LaChapelle's contributions to ecophilosophy and the skiing community, particularly in the Alta ski area. [Extracted from the article]

The Aber Day Kegger at the University of Montana in 1979 sparked controversy over the choice of Coors beer, leading to debates on campus about its charitable nature and political implications. Despite its historical significance and popularity, declining attendance and financial challenges led to the event's end, marking a shift in campus culture and entertainment. The keggers, known for music and beer, are now remembered as iconic moments in Montana music history, leaving a lasting impact on Missoula and beyond. The decision to disassociate from the event by the university administration reflected changing dynamics of student power in the late 1970s, but the keggers are still fondly celebrated for their cultural significance in Montana. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose: To present an overview of current definitions of informal caregiving and informal caregivers for persons living with dementia (PLWD). We suggest definitional criteria of informal caregiving for dementia caregiving research that incorporate current dementia caregiving policy and programs. Method: A multi-pronged review and analysis was performed of the scientific literature from 2014 to 2024 and online documents from professional, public advocacy, and government organizations for definitions of informal caregiving and applications to informal caregiving of PLWD. Results: Definitional inconsistencies in informal caregiving center primarily on parameters around compensation ("unpaid") and relationships that are not in keeping with state, federal, and long-term care insurance programs that provide financial assistance, compensation, or stipends for caregiving. These inconsistencies extend to public policy and advocacy websites as well as peer-reviewed dementia and family caregiving literature. Conclusion: In general, contemporary applications of the term "informal caregiver" for PLWD include relatives and non-relatives (kin/nonkin) who provide a broad array of assistance to PLWD. Informal care activities may be provided in residence with or near PLWD or at a distance. Definitions and inclusion criteria for informal caregiver should specify relative or unpaid non-relative, having some prior relationship or social ties to the PLWD, and not receiving compensation for care for the PLWD from a caregiving institution. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50(12), 41–45.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While tourism boycotts can have a considerable economic impact on a target entity, critics often question their effectiveness in changing the target entity's behavior, particularly in international contexts. Despite these challenges, tourism boycotts have increased over time. This study explores the dynamics of tourism boycotts amid international political conflicts and investigates the motivations behind consumer participation. During an ongoing national boycott in South Korea, we conducted an online survey with a nationally representative adult panel, gathering 962 responses for analysis. Our findings reveal that tourism boycott participants—primarily women, older individuals, those with higher education and income, and the progressive—resemble consumer boycott participants in Europe and the U.S. While perceived efficacy (instrumental motivation) is often emphasized in consumer boycotts as a key variable for participation, our study suggests that tourism boycotts are primarily driven by expressive motivations, such as self-esteem and guilt, rather than a mix of instrumental and expressive factors. This suggests that consumers engage in tourism boycotts not necessarily to achieve tangible outcomes, but to express personal or ethical values, highlighting a distinctive nature of tourism boycotts in the landscape of consumer activism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental accidents (EAs) are firm operational failures that harm human health, the natural environment, and offending firms. We propose they also initiate a subtle form of activism among consumers living near the accident by stimulating increased "green" behavior. Using annual county‐level data in California from 2000 to 2015, we show that following an EA, consumers reduce the trash/garbage they generate and the energy they consume. The impact is long‐lasting and stronger when EAs are more severe and when consumers have pro‐environmental beliefs, ready access to information, and convenient access to "green" options, such as recycling. Since affected consumers may also refuse to buy from, invest in, or work for offending companies, the results suggest that firms should develop environmental strategies, which include engaging and collaborating with local communities. The study results also provide input for the development of initiatives, which maximize consumer "green" behavior after, or in the absence of, an EA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the dynamics of consumer engagement and sentiment in social media activism during geopolitical conflict, focusing on how consumer activism manifests online. By analyzing user interactions and shifts in sentiment, the study seeks to offer insights into the scale and impact of digital activism, particularly how consumers mobilize on social media in response to geopolitical events. Additionally, the research aims to provide guidance on how brands can adapt their communication strategies to navigate the challenges posed by widespread digital activism effectively. Design/methodology/approach: The research employs a quantitative sentiment analysis and qualitative content analysis of Facebook interactions. The study specifically investigates three brands from the Mulliez Group (Leroy Merlin, Auchan, and Decathlon) during the RussianUkrainian conflict. The analysis covers user-generated content from Polish Facebook profiles. Findings: The study identifies a distinct pattern of consumer engagement, characterized by an initial surge in activism and negative sentiment that peaks early during the conflict before gradually stabilizing. This trend highlights the short-lived intensity of social media-driven activism, influenced by hedonic adaptation. While initial consumer responses were emotionally charged and fueled by calls for boycotts, sentiment analysis shows a decline in negative engagement towards the end of the year, indicating the effectiveness of adaptive brand communication strategies. Research limitations/implications: The study is limited by its focus on a specific geopolitical event and a narrow sample of brands, which may affect the generalizability of the findings. Practical implications: The findings suggest that brands can benefit from implementing transparent, adaptive, and responsive communication strategies during periods of intense consumer activism. Real-time sentiment monitoring and proactive engagement are crucial for managing public perception and mitigating negative impacts. Originality/value: This paper contributes to the literature on social media activism and brand communication by offering a detailed analysis of consumer engagement patterns during a geopolitical crisis. The use of advanced sentiment analysis and engagement metrics provides a novel approach to understanding the temporal dynamics of online activism. The study is valuable for brand managers, marketers, and researchers interested in navigating the complexities of digital consumer behavior and crisis communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a computer-vision-based approach designed to enhance product placement and sales strategies in physical retail stores through real-time analysis of customer behavior. Our method employs DeepSORT for tracking and YOLOv5 for object identification to generate heatmaps that illustrate consumer movement patterns and engagement levels across various retail locations. To precisely track customer paths, the procedure starts with the collection of video material, which is then analyzed. Customer interaction and traffic patterns across various retail zones are represented using heatmap visualization, which offers useful information about consumer preferences and product popularity. In order to maximize customer engagement and optimize the shopping experience, businesses may use the findings of this analysis to improve product placements, store layouts, and marketing strategies. With its low intervention requirements and scalable and non-intrusive solution, this system may be used in a variety of retail environments. This system offers a scalable and non-intrusive solution that requires minimal intervention, making it adaptable across different retail settings. Our findings demonstrate the approach's effectiveness in identifying strategic areas for improvement and adapting retail environments based on real-time customer interaction data. This study underscores the potential of computer vision in retail analytics, enabling data-driven decisions that enhance both customer satisfaction and operational efficiency. This approach gives merchants useful data to develop more responsive, customized, and effective shopping experiences by providing a dynamic perspective of consumer behavior. Retailers may promote a modernized and customer-centered retail management strategy by using this creative application of computer vision to match marketing tactics and shop design with real consumer behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prefigurative politics and social movement strategy: The roles of prefiguration in the reproduction, mobilisation and coordination of movements. Rethinking prefiguration: Alternatives, micropolitics and goals in social movements. The concept captures a variety of social experiments which critique the status quo (Cornish et al., [7]) whilst constructing 'alternative or utopian social relations in the present either in parallel with or in the course of, adversarial social movement protest' (L. S. Yates, [41], p. 236). [Extracted from the article]

Consumer collective action is commonly connected to individualised politics, market responsibility and local utopias. In this paper, we take an alternative point of departure and discuss the (emergence of) neo-materialist movement organisations (NMMOs) as mobilising prefigurative everyday politics in local organising and creating strategies toward alternative global futures. Our approach is threefold. First, we introduce the concept of neo-materialist movement organisations and, second, outline their organising in the everyday context and prefigurative commitments. Third, we explore different strategies of scaling toward alternative futures with particular focus on (controversial) institutional avenues. We contribute to the emerging literature on prefigurative politics in consumer movements by problematising the dominant approach to social change trapped in local inwardness. We further highlight the potential for systemic changes via local authorities, or what we call scaling through institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses how a consumer social movement employs prefigurative practices to resist a dominant market logic and drive market changes in the here and now. We based our research on one year of ethnographic fieldwork with vegetarian and animal welfare activists embedded in a cultural milieu that predominantly supports the consumption of animal products. We used the storytelling method for the description and data analysis. Our findings reveal that activists challenge the market logic of animal abuse in three ways. First, they work to revolutionise the so-called meat culture. Second, they pro-actively demand laws that protect animal rights. Third, they establish singular modes of community-based exchange that detach themselves from the doxa of the consumption of animal products. By opposing the mainstream culture, the mainstream policy and the mainstream marketplace, these activists develop influential arenas of consumption that resemble their ideal world and impact the market as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an era marked by escalating international crises, environmental shifts, and sociopolitical volatilities, global mental health is facing profound challenges. With its distinctive position at the intersection between clinical and judicial domains, forensic psychiatry can be predisposed to the consequences of adverse external determinants and events. At present, geopolitical conflicts, rising insecurities, climate change, forced and voluntary migration, and regressive sociopolitical ideologies are all compounding role responsibilities, care models, and ethical expectations across forensic-psychiatric practice; in short, complex distal factors are increasingly informing domestic considerations. These far-reaching concerns indicate a need for adaptive and proactive responses, underpinned by cultural sensitivity, social justice, and respect for human rights. Through illustrative examples from different regions, this perspective paper calls for a greater recognition of the transnational dynamics that are affecting local contexts of practice. Equally, it outlines the importance of advocacy, interdisciplinary collaborations, and potential evolutions in training and ethical frameworks to address contemporary issues. By adopting these approaches, forensic psychiatrists can promote more just systems and equitable mental healthcare for patients amidst the uncertainties of an interconnected and rapidly transforming world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative research explores rape victim advocates' secondary traumatic stress (STS), burnout, and coping strategies. Data reveal that the hardest parts of advocates' work include feeling like they cannot help survivors, hearing survivors' stories, and seeing the failings of the CJ and legal systems. Most advocates (81%) experience STS, evident in emotional and behavioral responses. Most advocates (71%) confirm that #MeToo and coverage of sexual violence in the news, social media, or television contribute to their STS. Fewer advocates (34%) experience burnout, which is attributed to workload. Advocates cope by reaching out to others (colleagues, friends, and family) and exercising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, older people were identified as requiring additional support and protection. This multi-method qualitative study shifts this narrative by asking: how did older people contribute to the COVID-19 public health response? We conducted a reflexive thematic analysis of responses from 870 letter-writers and 44 interviewees who were older people living in Aotearoa, New Zealand during the COVID-19 pandemic. Older people made substantial contributions during the COVID-19 pandemic through: 1) volunteering; 2) nurturing; and 3) advocacy/activism. We argue that policy makers should take seriously the ways older people were providers of help and support in this period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: While health advocacy is an established physician role, most of the educational attention to advocacy has been at the individual patient level. Public advocacy—efforts to effect change at the level of communities, populations or society—remains a poorly defined concept whose educational foundation is underdeveloped. To enrich our understanding of public advocacy, we explored how professionals in two disciplines—medicine and law—have approached its tasks and experienced its challenges. Methods: Using constructivist grounded theory, we interviewed 18 professionals (nine physicians, eight lawyers and one qualified in both disciplines) who engage in public advocacy. We used constant comparison throughout an iterative process of data collection and analysis to develop an understanding of what it means to be a professional in the public domain. Results: Public advocacy work occurs at the intersection of personal and professional identities. Lawyers perceived public advocacy as an embedded element of their professional identity, while physicians more often viewed it as outside their core professional scope. Nonetheless, professional identity influenced how both groups conducted their work. Physicians were more likely to draw on professional attitudes (e.g. their orientation towards evidence and their trusted social position), while lawyers were more likely to draw on professional skills (e.g. building an argument and litigating test cases). The work requires courage and often demands that individuals tolerate personal and professional risk. Conclusion: While medicine has enshrined advocacy in its competency frameworks, it is the legal profession whose practitioners more fully embrace advocacy as intrinsic to professional identity, suggesting that roles are difficult to engineer or impose. Collaboration across public‐facing professions like medicine and law creates opportunities to reimagine public advocacy, to identify the skills required to do it well and to refresh educational strategies. Public advocacy is high‐stakes work. This paper explores how doctors and lawyers navigate this often‐risky activity and speculates on what medicine might learn from law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the recent proliferation of anti-discrimination protections supporting LGBTIQ+ youth internationally, backlash periods have ensued. Whilst liberal-progressive rights models theorise 'backlash' as an expected consequence of rights recognitions progress, some post-colonial and Queer scholars frame backlash within enduring authoritarian anti-rights tendencies, and question assumptions of progress. To understand backlash more adequately, this paper explores state-level anti-LGBTIQ+ Bills potentially impacting youth proposed in the USA between 2018 and 2022. Critical discourse analysis is used to map the different types, locations, conceptual arrangements and outcomes of 543 anti-LGBTIQ+ rights US state-level proposed Bills. Bill attempts were mainly concentrated in Republican-governed states including Tennessee (48), Missouri (40), Iowa (39), Oklahoma (32) and Texas (32). Overly extended claims concerning girls/women's religious and parental rights were advanced in opposition to LGBTIQ+ youth rights, and as part of wider rights attacks. Bills used anti-rights and pro-rights discourses to mask as 'backlash' the rights claims advanced by elite-led anti-rights mobilisations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the life and contributions of Aida Simonian, a dedicated advocate for maternal and neonatal health who served as Chief Executive Officer of the Perinatal Advisory Council, Leadership, Advocacy, and Consultation (PAC/LAC). Topics include her extensive career in neonatal care and nursing leadership, her transformative impact on perinatal health initiatives, and the lasting legacy of compassion and advocacy she leaves behind for families and healthcare professionals.

The article focuses on the importance of terminology in clinical and public health communication, advocating for the use of "non-English language preference" (NELP) over "limited English proficiency" (LEP) to better represent linguistic minority populations. Topics discussed include the multifaceted nature of language proficiency, the implications of using preference-based terminology, and the evolving nature of language in public health advocacy.

Autistic children and their caregivers in Argentina often lack access to information, resources and evidence-based interventions. Caregiver empowerment may help support families to uphold their child's rights and access suitable education and support. This study aimed to examine the perceptions on empowerment of caregivers of autistic children in Argentina. This was a phenomenological, qualitative study. We conducted 32 semi-structured individual interviews remotely. Participants included caregivers, health service providers, non-governmental organisation representatives, special education teachers and policy representatives. Data were analysed thematically. We developed three main themes: Caregiver agency: from intuitive coping strategies to entrepreneurship; 'I had to cut down on therapy': Economic instability and inequality affecting service access; and Equipping caregivers to be empowered. Both caregivers and professionals talked about the contribution of socio-economic inequalities to caregivers' sense of disempowerment. Caregivers identified coping strategies and discussed their experiences with advocacy. They expressed that in-person and online support groups have an empowering effect. Based on participant views, strategies supporting caregiver empowerment may involve: interventions are co-designed by professionals and caregivers; focusing on caregiver mental health; and addressing the profound impact of poverty on the quality of life of families. Caregivers of children with developmental disabilities, including autism, often struggle to access services, information and resources in Argentina. Little is known about how caregivers can be empowered to support their children as they wish to in the Argentinian setting. We spoke with 32 people online to understand existing and potential practices of supporting caregivers. The people we spoke with included caregivers, health service providers, non-governmental organisations' representatives providing services or technical support, special education teachers and policy representatives. Participants said that poverty, and inequalities in accessing support, impact how caregivers can support their children. They mentioned examples that help caregivers feel empowered, such as peer support groups and caregiver training. Many caregivers spoke about how they became advocates for their children and how they developed initiatives such as advocacy campaigns and well-being support groups. Caregivers in Argentina may be empowered in various ways, and the following strategies can improve empowerment: strengthening collaboration between professionals and caregivers; focusing on caregiver mental health; and addressing the profound impact of poverty on the quality of life of families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The phenomenon of global brands taking a stance on crucial, yet polarizing, socio-political issues, namely global brand activism, is rising. However, how consumer views on this practice are shaped when global branding elements are factored in remains unclear. Drawing from the functional theory of attitude formation, this study investigates the relationships of consumer characteristics (political ideology, consumer ethnocentrism) and brand factors (global brand attitudes and perceived motivation of global brand activists) with attitudes toward global brand activists. Design/methodology/approach: Using a survey of a UK nationally representative sample (n = 439), we test our hypothesized model via structural equation modeling and mediation analysis. Findings: Our findings reveal direct and indirect effects of political ideology on attitudes toward global brand activists (AttGBACTIVs). While consumer ethnocentrism and global brand attitudes do not directly drive AttGBACTIVs, they do influence them indirectly. Perceived motivation of global brand activists emerges as a key mechanism activating these effects and affecting AttGBACTIVs. Originality/value: First, this study constitutes a novel examination of consumer views of brand activism through a global branding lens. Second, our investigation uniquely combines important determinants of brand activism outcomes with key international marketing factors (namely consumer ethnocentrism and global brand attitudes). Third, the concurrent exploration of individual and brand factors in our mediated model reveals the complex mechanisms through which attitudes toward global brand activists are formed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brand activism has become a powerful way to communicate a brand's values and attract consumers who expect stances on divisive issues, but it can also lead to backlash. Thus, in the current study, we examine the #GoWokeGoBroke movement, an online-based media campaign that is gaining traction, to serve as a starting point for brands and advertisers to decide whether to engage in or avoid brand activism. Our findings, based on moral foundations theory, suggest that each moral foundation is associated with various metrics of online engagement, but not others. Brand activism choices that trigger responses that reference unfairness or undue authority are linked to higher retweet rates and a wider spread, which suggests that evoking those foundations may be particularly dangerous. This study offers implications for understanding the #GoWokeGoBroke movement, as well as for the study of the moral foundations of online movements for brands. The results can help brands mitigate pushback against activism choices as well as consider strategies for using moral foundations to join online brand activism conversations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guided by existing brand-activism literature, this study investigates the rising phenomenon of brands taking a public stance on controversial issues to advocate for societal changes. Based on one-on-one, in-depth interviews, this study delineates the conceptual differences between brand activism and corporate social responsibility (CSR), proposes a new conceptualization of brand activism, and explicates consumers' responses to brand activism acts. We propose a new conceptualization of brand activism, defined as values-based, controversial, focused on external communications, and driven by public interest. We also unpack factors that potentially shape consumers' perceptions of authenticity in brand activism activities—measurable action, brand-cause fit, and consistency. Furthermore, we explore consumers' responses to brand-activism acts and show that consumers generally rate these actions favorably. The study offers a comprehensive conceptualization of brand activism that is empirically substantiated and explicates factors shaping its perceived authenticity and consumer reactions. These findings advance current literature on brand activism and CSR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many social movement organizations promote their agendas in market spaces. As such they need to attract consumers to their cause. This article used longitudinal qualitative data collected between 2018 and 2023 in Chinese alternative food markets to explore their consumer recruitment and ongoing efforts to match movement ideologies with consumers' values, particularly regarding what makes “good food.” I argue that an iterative, two‐way learning process between organizations and consumers helped facilitate good matching and establish a stable consumer base. Organizations educated consumers about the production process and producers' stories, aligning their missions with consumers' pursuit of safety and taste and distinguishing them from mainstream markets. Consumers resonated with this cultural work but required responsible producers and market organizers. Some organizations fostered self‐affirming discussions to redirect consumer demands, while others interacted with and learned from the dynamic culture within consumer groups to co‐create their new definition of good food. This mutual learning motivated organizers to adjust their visions of ideal consumers to align movement ideologies with consumers' desires, creating the right amount of differentiation in alternative markets. This paper advances the literature on social movement organizations' market activities by revealing the interactive learning process and the diversity of alignment strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgrounds: This study delves into the risk perceptions of Italian pediatricians concerning climate change's impact on children's health. Given children's heightened vulnerability to climate-related health risks, comprehending these perceptions is crucial. A review of pertinent literature establishes the framework, emphasizing six key factors influencing children's susceptibility to climate-related health hazards. Methods: Methodologically, the study utilized a survey tool developed collaboratively with the Italian Society of Pediatrics (SIP), garnering responses from a representative sample of Italian pediatricians. Results: Findings indicate a high level of awareness among respondents regarding climate change and its health implications, with a majority attributing it primarily to human activity. Pediatricians recognize various current and anticipated health impacts of climate change, notably concerning illnesses linked to outdoor air quality. Despite acknowledging their role in addressing climate-related health concerns, respondents also cite barriers to engagement, including time constraints and knowledge gaps. However, they express interest in resources like professional training and policy statements to bolster their capacity for effective communication and advocacy. Conclusions: Comparisons with prior studies highlight the consistency of findings across diverse contexts and underscore the significance of integrating climate and environmental health education into medical training. Overall, this study sheds light on pediatricians' perspectives in tackling the convergence of climate change and children's health, pinpointing avenues for enhancing their involvement in climate advocacy and mitigation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air pollution is a pervasive global public health threat. The purpose of this study was to assess the content of 100 widely viewed English language YouTube videos on air pollution using the search term 'air pollution.' Content categories were created using comprehensive fact sheets and were coded as being present or not in each video. Cumulatively, the 100 videos sampled received 32,826,294 views and 303,692 likes, with averages of 328,263 and 3,068 respectively. The majority of videos (n = 72) were created by broadcast or internet-based news, 12 of the videos were created by professionals, 7 were created by a consumer and 9 were created by others. Three kinds of content were featured in a majority (> 50%) of the videos: "sources of pollution," "environmental impacts," and "solutions offered" and the videos covering each of these topics collectively garnered more than 26 million views and 249,000 likes. Independent one-tailed t-tests (α = 0.05) showed an association between covering sources of pollution and the number of views and likes. For both, videos featuring this content had a higher average number of views (467,391.08 vs. 80,924.03, p =.0383) and likes (4,450.78 vs. 647.03, p =.0383). Additionally, videos showing environmental impacts received more views than those that did not (547,901.49 vs. 80,585.43, p =.0373). This research can serve as a starting point to describe information being conveyed about an important global public health problem. Future research is needed to improve understanding about ways to utilize YouTube and other social media for public health education and advocacy to increase consumers' awareness and facilitate the informed decision-making process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Healthy ageing, which is the target of life' s later developmental stage, can be achieved through building a wise perspective towards life and existence. However, it may not be achievable for older people when the societal sources are limited. The TILDA project aimed to evaluate the associated factors with healthy ageing and to transfer that knowledge into practice. Hence, determining the perspectives of older people support and advocacy organisations on the enablers and facilitators of the healthy ageing strategies of TILDA is essential to gain a better understanding of the project and plan future strategies. This study aimed to investigate how the TILDA project has influenced or impacted upon these organisations from education, policy, or practice perspectives. The participants (n = 15) included in the study's sample were reached through representative organisations acting to support older people in the Republic of Ireland. Semi-structured interviews were conducted online via Zoom. A systematic thematic data analysis procedure was followed, and three themes emerged from the qualitative data, revealing the perceptions of participants about the TILDA project: (1) Limitations of TILDA, (2) Contributions of TILDA, and (3) Future recommendations for TILDA. In conclusion, among the disadvantages of TILDA, the most significant is not being representative and visible enough; it is evident that it is pivotal to develop a more inclusive culture of TILDA with close cooperation and effective marketing strategies. It is also apparent that TILDA has several advantages that include providing insights into ageing and rich data to plan future support for older people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Following an injury or disease, physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) services are often necessary to help patients recover function, activity, and community participation. Ten years ago, there was a significant gap between PM&R services in central Israel and those in the rural north of the country in terms of quality, quantity, and layout. The purpose of this administrative case report is to outline the gap in PM&R services between regions in Israel, as portrayed above; to describe a decade of civil action; and to describe civil action administrative approaches and actions that contributed to changes in the PM&R services now available in northern Israel. Methods A decade of civil action to promote PM&R services is reviewed, illustrating the main administrative steps, including initiating and organizing meetings with key partners, lobbying, testifying in front of parliament and government committees, garnering media attention to promote public awareness, and filing a case with the Supreme Court of Israel. The encountered challenges and the subsequent actions are also described. Results Awareness of the significance of PM&R services and of the inadequacy of such services in the northern part of Israel rose due to our actions, with practical field results, including a 180-bed government rehabilitation center that plans to open during 2024, and 5 daycare rehabilitation clinics and a private inpatient center that opened between 2020 and 2023. Data-driven research will aid in understanding the current gaps and tracking improvements with the opening of the new rehabilitation facility. Conclusion When inequality is brought to light and legislation for equality exists, civil action can promote change to reduce these gaps. Impact Others can follow the steps taken in this administrative case report to achieve success in struggles aiming to correct comparative inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Political action has a long history in the health workforce. There are multiple historical examples, from civil disobedience to marches and even sabotage that can be attributed to health workers. Such actions remain a feature of the healthcare community to this day; their status with professional and regulatory bodies is far less clear, however. This has created uncertainty for those undertaking such action, particularly those who are engaged in what could be termed 'contentious' forms of action. This study explored how advocacy and activism were presented in nursing and medical codes of ethics, comparing disciplinary and temporo‐spatial differences to understand how such action may be promoted or constrained by codes. The data for this study comes from 217 codes of ethics. Because of the size of the corpus and to facilitate analysis, natural language processing was utilised, which allowed for an automated exploration of the data and for comparisons to be drawn between groups. This was complemented by a manual search and contextualisation of the data. While there were noticeable differences between medical and nursing codes, overall, advocacy, activism and even politics were rarely discussed explicitly in most codes. When such action was spoken about, this was often vague and imprecise with codes speaking of 'political action' and 'advocacy' in general terms. While some codes were far more forthright in what they meant about advocacy or broader political action (i.e., Nursing codes in Denmark, Norway, Canada) more forceful language that spoke in specific terms or in terms of oppositional or specific actions (e.g., civil disobedience or marches) was almost completely avoided. These results are discussed in relation to the broader literature on codes and the normative questions they raise, namely whether such action should be included in codes of ethics at all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Organised by the 'Qualitative Long Covid Network', a workshop for qualitative Long COVID (LC) researchers, LC charity representatives and people with LC took place in June 2023, where research on the intersectional inequalities affecting LC prevalence, recognition and care was shared and discussed. Methods: Five key themes were drawn up from presentations, discussions and reflections during the workshop, which are presented in this study. Results: The following five themes are discussed: the unfairness of LC, difficulties in accessing care, mistrust of the healthcare system, a lack of understanding of LC and experiences of stigma and discrimination. Factors that widen or narrow inequalities related to LC were identified. Conclusion: A call to action is proposed to investigate and address inequalities through a robust LC research agenda that speaks with conviction to policy and decision‐makers. We argue that there needs to be a strong investment in research and evidence‐based policy and practice to mitigate the worst effects of the condition and address the inequalities in experience, treatment and support, which are experienced more often and more acutely by some of society's most vulnerable and disadvantaged individuals. Patient and Public (PPI) Contribution: Projects included in this article had PPI ongoing activity to inform their research. A member of the CONVALESCENCE PPI group presented at the QLC Network 'Long Covid and Health Inequalities' workshop, as did members of Long COVID Kids, Long COVID Support and Long COVID SOS charities. They were all invited to be co‐authors of this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumer movements have typically been defined as persistent and resolute efforts by organized groups of consumers to reimage some aspect of consumer society. While this definition may seem straightforward, the dynamics that characterize consumer movements and activism are diverse and complex. Underlying consumer movements and activism is some desire for social change, and it is the complexities of the way social change happens that complicates our understanding of these phenomena. In this article, we present three paradigms of consumer movements premised on three different approaches to social change. In the conflict paradigm of social change, otherwise stable, formidable markets come to experience shocks from the definable actions of those social actors who seek definitive social change. In the radical imagination paradigm of consumer movements, change is considered an endemic feature of markets which are comprised of social actors who share "horizons of possibilities," leading to unintended social change. With the strategic coalition paradigm, like-minded social actors form coalitions around common interests; however, the power dynamics that emerge from these coalitions are as varied and unpredictable as the resulting composition of the coalition itself. Investigating consumer movements and activism across these three paradigms requires a diversity of theoretical and methodological approaches. The articles in this issue represent this diversity. This article provides a description of how the articles in this issue advance our understanding of each of these three consumer movement paradigms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumers can voice their values by avoiding purchase from brands that oppose their values (boycotting) or deliberately purchasing from brands that support their values (buycotting). Prior literature has found that consumers are more likely to boycott than to buycott, but it has not yet provided a clear answer to why this is the case. Drawing from the literature on boycotting, we argue that this difference is, in part, because consumers perceive boycotting versus buycotting: (1) to be more instrumental in influencing brands' actions and (2) to better satisfy self-enhancement motives. In our context, we show that self-enhancement motives are stronger than instrumental ones in influencing activism engagement intentions. Three experiments provide support for the predictions. The findings offer implications for activists calling consumers to engage in activism and for brands responding to boycotts and buycotts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumer movements like Extinction Rebellion are being increasingly examined for their potential to change current consumption conventions and thus facilitate societal-level change. Past consumer research employs primarily qualitative methods to examine how such movements emerge, mobilize, and what strategies they employ. It is less clear though when these movements succeed in provoking enduring social change. We here introduce a collection of experimental paradigms that allow researchers to examine when and how consumer movements can provoke a change across a social network over time: social tipping paradigms grounded in game theory. Specifically, these paradigms help provide insight into the causal role of different interventions (e.g., consumer activists being identifiable or not) in boosting or buffering societal-level social tipping provoked by a movement. Our goal is to create an approachable review of existing paradigms and provide consumer researchers with a primer for employing these paradigms in their own research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative research examines the everyday experiences of pro-cash activists who resist marketplace practices that force consumers to use platformed money ecosystems (PMEs) thereby eliminating cash-in-use. Activists allege that the increasing use of PMEs threaten consumers' financial well-being thereby increasing marketplace vulnerability as banks abuse their oligopoly status to perpetuate a power imbalance. Findings indicate that technology disruptions transitions lead to the exclusion of pro-cash consumers who are deemed illegitimate and deviant and therefore undesirable to financial institutions. These consumers find themselves burdened with the responsibility of proving their legitimacy in the marketplace. We contribute to the literature by empirically demonstrating that the consumer responsibilization process violates state and market logics. In response, consumers engage in collective resistance and consumer activism with the aim of upholding the expected logics (i.e., cash-in-use). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current technological advances have led to the development of payment methods in online buying and selling practices. Usually the payment method is made via cash and non-cash; one of the current payment methods is known as the split payment method. Split payment is a payment made using more than one payment method to complete the entire transaction. There is a case where a consumer buys goods online by paying using split payment and the consumer will be given cash back when using split payment. However, the goods that have been purchased do not reach the consumer. The consumer and the shop agreed to ask for compensation from the market place, which is a meeting place for online buyers and sellers. Based on this case, the author is interested in researching the problem of how to complete online buying and selling transactions using split payments. This research uses normative legal research methods with a statutory approach. The results of this research show that it is important to have special regulations regarding the definition and validity of split payment methods for online buying and selling transactions in order to provide guarantees, justice and consumer security in order to realize the principle of legal certainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hong Kong, Thailand, and Myanmar experienced waves of pro-democracy movements from 2019–2021. Similar political trajectories and democratic aspirations bound the three territories together under what some called the Milk Tea Alliance. Alongside street protests, pro-democracy citizens in the three territories engaged in politics-driven consumption. The economic strategy turned the market into a resistance site and sustained defiance. In Hong Kong and Thailand, boycotts and buycotts co-existed in the movements with the consumer activism of the former more widespread than for the latter. In Myanmar, anti-military regime citizens primarily adopted the boycott tactic. With a similar objective of politics-driven consumerism, what explains the variations in the adoption of boycotts and buycotts in Hong Kong, Thailand, and Myanmar? Based on in-depth interviews and secondary information from the three territories, this comparative study finds that politics-driven consumerism interacts with political environments. In a closed political system, for instance Myanmar, political consumers can only engage in covert resistance. In hybrid regimes, such as Hong Kong and Thailand, political consumers can leverage both boycotts and buycotts as overt resistance, with the level of political consumer engagement varying according to the availability of alternative political avenues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Definition: The "Pink Tax" refers to charging higher prices for products and services marketed primarily to women compared to similar or identical items targeted at men, despite comparable production costs. This research uses Unilever as a case study to focus on the impact of the Pink Tax on women's purchasing power, particularly within the personal care industry. The study provides a comprehensive overview of the Pink Tax's evolution, key research findings, public responses, and regulatory measures to address this issue. By synthesising existing research and case studies, this paper highlights the economic burden imposed on women and the reinforcement of gender stereotypes through market practices. The study underscores the need for equitable pricing mechanisms and informed consumer advocacy to rectify the economic disparities exacerbated by the Pink Tax. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]