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Technology in libraries has played an essential role in serving today's communities. This study provides an overview of the integrated library systems/software (ILSs) used in libraries in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It aims to highlight the strengths and possibilities of ILSs and briefly explain their advantages and disadvantages along with the cost of implementation. The data was gathered from questionnaires sent via an online survey and from direct interviews with certain academic libraries over the period of 2019 to 2020. Fifty-three of 67 libraries that fulfilled the study have implemented an ILS. To deeply understand the application, a direct interview with some libraries was conducted to learn the advantages and disadvantages. The result of the study showed that the most used ILSs are SLiMS and INLISlite and other programs like Apollo, Athenium Light, Simpus, Spektra, Jibas, KOHA, and Openlibrary. The budget spent is an average of300 USD. While the ILSs have helped these libraries improve services, IT expertise and adequate resources are needed, especially when the systems present problems. An easy-to-use system that costs less will potentially be used in this area of research. This study will be particularly helpful for any library in Indonesia. These findings may also be generalized to libraries in other countries facing economic and technological similarities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In terms of utility and technical quality, open-source software solutions have become a common option for many libraries. As barriers to adoption have been reduced and systems such as FOLIO appear poised to change the landscape of LIS technology, it is worth examining how the use of open source can support the normative core values of librarianship and to outline a strategy for critical engagement with the technology that is beneficial to patrons and libraries. Such a strategy will require further codification, institutionalization, and investigation of open source at many levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study discusses the importance of the DSpace open-source software that supports numerous digital libraries and repositories around the world. With the release of DSpace version 7, a natural question that arises is whether the new version offers enough new functionalities to motivate system administrators to upgrade. This paper briefly describes the most important changes, including new features and bug fixes, included in DSpace 7.4 and prior minor versions. The next parts of this paper explore our estimate that there are several thousand DSpace-based systems globally that will likely have to be upgraded in the near future. The main reason for this need is that older versions of DSpace (including 5.x) have reached the end of their developer support period or are reaching it in mid-2023. Based on our own upgrade experience, we propose suggestions and recommendations on migrating from the previous DSpace 6.3-based environment to the new one in a case study that concludes this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2021, alongside seven colleges at the University of Idaho campus, the University of Idaho Library received an eGlass system (https://eglass.io) with funding from the Governor's Emergency Education Relief Grant to expand faculty's capacity to create instructional videos. The eGlass is a transparent glass whiteboard that allows instructors to write, draw, and annotate. It comes with a built-in camera that can capture instructors' facial expressions and gestures while facing their remote students and allow better engagement. The eGlass is suitable for creating asynchronous instructional videos for flipped classrooms and integrating Zoom for synchronous online classes. This article details the eGlass equipment setup, studio space optimization, outreach efforts and initiatives, usage examples of early adopters, lessons learned during the first year of the eGlass deployment, and future considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For many computational chemistry packages, being able to efficiently and effectively scale across an exascale cluster is a heroic feat. Collective experience from the Department of Energy's Exascale Computing Project suggests that achieving exascale performance requires far more planning, design, and optimization than scaling to petascale. In many cases, entire rewrites of software are necessary to address fundamental algorithmic bottlenecks. This in turn requires a tremendous amount of resources and development time, resources that cannot reasonably be afforded by every computational science project. It thus becomes imperative that computational science transition to a more sustainable paradigm. Key to such a paradigm is modular software. While the importance of modular software is widely recognized, what is perhaps not so widely appreciated is the effort still required to leverage modular software in a sustainable manner. The present manuscript introduces PluginPlay, https://github.com/NWChemEx-Project/PluginPlay, an inversion-of-control framework designed to facilitate developing, maintaining, and sustaining modular scientific software packages. This manuscript focuses on the design aspects of PluginPlay and how they specifically influence the performance of the resulting package. Although, PluginPlay serves as the framework for the NWChemEx package, PluginPlay is not tied to NWChemEx or even computational chemistry. We thus anticipate PluginPlay to prove to be a generally useful tool for a number of computational science packages looking to transition to the exascale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The three‐body recombination reaction, or ternary association, is a termolecular reaction leading to a molecule after a three‐body encounter that plays a vital role in many relevant scenarios in chemical physics. Here, we introduce the Python 3‐Body Recombination program, which is dedicated to the computation of atomic three‐body recombination rate coefficients. The software is based on a classical trajectory approach in hyperspherical coordinates after mapping the three‐body problem as a single particle in a higher‐dimensional space. This theoretical approach is fully general and applicable to any ion‐atom‐atom or atom‐atom‐atom three‐body process. The predictive power of the methodology has been tested in several different experimental scenarios, reaching a good description of every system. The code structure is presented alongside examples and tests to ensure the software's capacity. In addition, the performance of the software after parallelization is shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose This study investigated the impact of an advanced analytics software solution in the operating room (OR) on tracking and evaluating controlled substance discrepancies. The authors hypothesized that the software would increase identification of these discrepancies and improve the efficiency of the preexisting manual process. Methods In this evaluation comparing data from before to after implementation of the software, data were collected using the preexisting manual process for 50 days before implementation, followed by a 25-day period for acclimation to the new software, and ending with a 49-day postimplementation review period. Data collected included the total number of medication discrepancies, time required for discrepancy review and reconciliation by an OR analyst, types of discrepancies, and number of discrepancies leading to provider audits. Results Before implementation of the analytics software, there were 7,635 OR cases with a total of 674 charting discrepancies (8.83 discrepancies per 100 total OR cases) discovered across 439 OR cases. After implementation, there were 7,454 OR cases with a total of 930 charting discrepancies (12.48 discrepancies per 100 total OR cases; P < 0.0001) discovered across 680 OR cases. While discrepancies increased by 38%, the median review time for the OR analyst per case decreased (P < 0.0001) and the percentage of incidents resolved by the OR analyst increased by 14% while the number of cases requiring additional documentation by the provider decreased by 10%. Conclusion Implementation of advanced analytics software in the OR significantly increased the number of controlled substance charting discrepancies identified compared to the preimplementation review process while increasing the efficiency of the OR analyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smart contracts function like specialized computer programs on the blockchain. Many of these contracts are on Ethereum, but sometimes these contracts have problems with security. These problems caused big money losses and made the blockchain less stable. Smart contracts are self-executing with predefined rules and are at the core of many blockchain applications. However, they are susceptible to various vulnerabilities and security risks. Automated vulnerability detection helps identify and mitigate these issues efficiently. Smart Contracts (SC) have become really popular lately. People think they are the future for making deals on blockchains. Smart contracts are like automatic agreements. They work by themselves using special computer programs. They follow the rules of the deal and keep track of everything. The main idea with smart contracts is to get rid of the need for traditional trusted middlemen-like authorities or organizations. Instead, we use code that runs on a secure and unchangeable system. In this manuscript, pioneering automated vulnerability detection for smart contracts in blockchain using KEVM: Guardian ADRGAN (ADRGAN-SCB-KEVM) is proposed. Here, K framework's Ethereum virtual machine (KEVM) is a computation engine used in this research. From this KEVM, smart contracts data are provided to feature extraction phase. Feature extraction is done using Nested patch-based feature extraction. Then the extracted features are fed to attentive dual residual generative adversarial network (ADRGAN), identifying KEVM smart contracts vulnerabilities. Finally, by using ADRGAN, it is classified as Vulnerable and Non-Vulnerable in smart contracts. The proposed ADRGAN-SCB-KEVM method employed on Python and efficiency of proposed method evaluated with different metrics like Accuracy, Computation Time, Precision, Recall, F1 Score, Specificity, RoC are evaluated. The simulation outcomes prove that the proposed ADRGAN-SCB-KEVM technique attains 41.34%, 31.28%, and 36.38% higher Accuracy for Vulnerable; 32.44%, 38.45%, and 29.47% higher Accuracy for Non-Vulnerable while compared with the existing methods such as Utilizing fault injection to evaluate blockchain systems in the presence of faulty smart contracts (UFI-BS-ESVD), State-of-the-Art Blockchain-Enabled Smart Contract Applications in the University (SA-BESC-ESVD), enhancing Ethereum smart contracts static analysis by computing precise Control-Flow Graph of Ethereum bytecode (EESC-CPC-EBD), respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an outreach recruitment endeavor, a hospital system and an affiliated college of nursing collaborated to host an immersive nursing learning experience for diverse high school participants. The program included hospital tours, speakers, educational games, and wellness activities to promote pursual of nursing as a future career path. The authors describe details of the development of the program, lessons learned, program outcomes, and implications for future programs and applicability in different settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the evolution of Film Quarterly since 1977, noting its format change to include full-size print versions, downloadable PDFs, and a public-facing website. Topics include the expansion of the journal's content to encompass forms of visual culture beyond film and television, such as apps, video games, VR, and AI-assisted computational imaging.

This discussion article examines the potential integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen-AI), including advanced Large-Language Models like the popular platform ChatGPT into subject English education. Following the significant public and academic attention in response to these technologies through 2023, this paper considers the transformative potential and challenges posed by Gen-AI in educational settings. Central to the discussion is the exploration of how English teachers can leverage Gen-AI to enrich student learning beyond the obvious domain of writing skills. Instead, the article foregrounds the necessity for students' understanding of Gen-AI as an essential component of digital literacy. While acknowledging ethical concerns such as plagiarism, equity, and access, the paper presents an argument for the productive use of Gen-AI in the classroom to augment reading, viewing, and interpretation lessons. Avoiding an evangelical or dystopian view of AI, this discussion piece explores the time-critical and urgent issue of how, when, and why English can engage with the technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Medication discontinuation studies explore the outcomes of stopping a medication compared to continuing it. Comprehensively identifying medication discontinuation articles in bibliographic databases remains challenging due to variability in terminology. Objectives: To develop and validate search filters to retrieve medication discontinuation articles in Medline and Embase. Methods: We identified medication discontinuation articles in a convenience sample of systematic reviews. We used primary articles to create two reference sets for Medline and Embase, respectively. The reference sets were equally divided by randomization in development sets and validation sets. Terms relevant for discontinuation were identified by term frequency analysis in development sets and combined to develop two search filters that maximized relative recalls. The filters were validated against validation sets. Relative recalls were calculated with their 95% confidences intervals (95% CI). Results: We included 316 articles for Medline and 407 articles for Embase, from 15 systematic reviews. The Medline optimized search filter combined 7 terms. The Embase optimized search filter combined 8 terms. The relative recalls were respectively 92% (95% CI: 87–96) and 91% (95% CI: 86–94). Conclusions: We developed two search filters for retrieving medication discontinuation articles in Medline and Embase. Further research is needed to estimate precision and specificity of the filters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Study: Several meta‐analysis studies have investigated the effects of mobile learning on learning performance. However, limited attention has been paid to pedagogy in mobile learning, making quantitative evidence of the effects of pedagogical approaches on learning performance in mobile learning scarce. Filling this gap can therefore help stakeholders understand which mobile pedagogical approaches might work or not under which learning conditions, hence achieving better learning experience and performance. Objectives: To address this gap, this study conducted a meta‐analysis and research synthesis of the effects of integrated pedagogical approaches on students' learning performance in mobile learning. Additionally, this study analysed the field of education, level of education, learning setting, sample size, and mobile device as moderating variables of the effect of pedagogical approaches. Methods: The software Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis V.3 was used for this meta‐analysis, where Hedges' g was calculated for the effect sizes. Specifically, 70 quantitative studies (N = 5575 participants) were coded and analysed. Results: The results indicate that pedagogical approaches in mobile learning have a large effect on students' learning performance (g = 0.93, p < 0.001). The most effective pedagogical approach was project‐based learning (huge effect), while collaborative learning, situated learning and game‐based learning had large effects. Finally, cognitive theory of multimedia learning and inquiry‐based learning had medium effects. The results also indicate that the effect is moderated by the field of education, the level of education, the learning setting, the sample size, and the mobile device. Finally, it is found that study quality might influence the overall effect size. Conclusions: The findings of this study can be beneficial to both researchers and practitioners as they highlight and discuss which pedagogical approaches could be more effective in mobile learning under specific conditions. Further research, on the other hand, should focus on covering additional moderators of learning performance like mobile device type and screen size which is one of the limitations of this study. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Mobile learning is widely adopted in education.Mobile learning can enhance learning outcomes. What this paper adds: Pedagogical approaches in mobile learning have different effects on students' learning performance.The most effective pedagogical approach in mobile learning is project‐based learning (huge effect).Which pedagogical approaches could be more effective in mobile learning under specific conditions. Implications for practice and/or policy: This study enriches the ongoing debate on how to design effective mobile learning interventions.This study provides substantial evidence about which pedagogical approaches in mobile learning would be more effective under which circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With the development of computational literacy, there has been a surge in both research and practice application of text‐based and block‐based modalities within the field of computer programming education. Despite this trend, little work has actually examined how learners engaging in programming process when utilizing these two major programming modalities, especially in the context of secondary education settings. Objectives: To further compare programming effects between and within text‐based and block‐based modalities, this research conducted a quasi‐experimental research in China's secondary school. Methods: An online programming platform, Code4all, was developed to allow learners to program in text‐based and block‐based modalities. This research collected multimodal data sources, including programming platform data, process data, and performance data. This research further utilized multiple learning analytics approaches (i.e., clustering analysis, click stream analysis, lag‐sequential analysis and statistics) to compare learners' programming features, behavioural patterns and knowledge gains under two modalities. Results and Conclusions: The results indicated that learners in text‐based modality tended to write longer lines of code, encountered more syntactical errors, and took longer to attempt debugging. In contrast, learners in block‐based modality spent more time operating blocks and attempt debugging, achieving better programming knowledge performances compared to their counterparts. Further analysis of five clusters from the two modalities revealed discrepancies in programming behavioural patterns. Implications: Three major pedagogical implications were proposed based on empirical research results. Furthermore, this research contributed to the learning analytics literature by integrating process‐oriented and summative analysis to reveal learners' programming learning quality. Lay Description: What is currently known about the subject matter: Programming has the potential to improve learners' higher‐order thinking skills.Block‐based and text‐based modalities are two major instructional methods.There has been a growing interest to understand how learning occurs in two modes.Most previous work has evaluated two modalities based on learners' knowledge, skills, and attitudes. What this paper adds: Code4all allows learners to programming in text‐based and block‐based modalities.Quasi‐experimental research was conducted to examine block‐based and text‐based programming modalities.Multimodal learning analytics were used to compare programming under two modalities.Learners' programming features, behaviouralbehavioral patterns, and knowledge gains were identified under two modalities. The implications of study findings for practitioners: Instructors should integrate text‐based and block‐based modalities into programming courses.Process‐oriented assessment should be integrated with summative assessment. Adaptive, timely scaffoldings should be provided with the external support (this should be marked like above two points). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Online collaboration tools have been identified as potentially effective means for enhancing student learning, motivation, and engagement in science education. However, their effectiveness in improving science education outcomes among middle school students remains uncertain. Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the impact of online collaboration tools on science education outcomes among middle school students, focusing on learning achievement, engagement, and motivation. Methods: A quasi‐experimental design with a pretest‐posttest control group was used in this study. A total of 60 eighth‐grade middle school students were involved in the study, with both the experimental and control groups comprising 30 students each. The experimental group incorporated the use of digital collaboration platforms, including Asana, Slack, and Team Viewer, as instrumental components of group project execution and discussion in their science lessons. Conversely, the control group adhered to the current educational approach in Turkey, characterized by the employment of an inquiry‐based learning strategy in their science instruction. Data was collected over eight weeks using a science achievement test, engagement scale, and science motivation scale. Results: The experimental group demonstrated significantly higher post‐test scores compared to the control group, suggesting that online collaboration tools positively impacted science education outcomes. Additionally, survey data indicated high levels of engagement and motivation among the experimental group students when using the online collaboration tools. Conclusions: The findings support the notion that online collaboration tools can effectively enhance learning, motivation, and engagement in science education among middle school students. These results have significant implications for educators, educational institutions, policymakers, and curriculum developers. Further research is needed to examine the potential of these tools in various educational contexts and with different student populations. This will help broaden the understanding of how online collaboration tools can be integrated into diverse learning environments, potentially benefiting a larger number of students and further improving science education outcomes. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Technology's role, particularly online collaboration tools, in enriching science education is undebatable (Donkin & Rasmussen, 2021; Rahmawati et al., 2022). Such tools have been theorized to bolster student learning outcomes, motivation, and engagement (Donnelly et al., 2013; Ekici, 2017; Khazanchi & Khazanchi, 2019). Yet, the empirical evidence validating their efficacy in science educational settings remains sparse. What this paper adds: This research delves into the influence of online collaboration tools on science learning outcomes among middle school learners. Data indicates that employing these digital tools substantially elevates student performance, as gauged by a science achievement test. Furthermore, students navigating through these online collaborative platforms recorded elevated levels of both engagement and motivation. The primary effectiveness of online collaboration tools stems from their ability to foster specific behaviours, such as increased communication frequency and structured task management, which can amplify learning and group collaboration through their facilitated structured interactions. Implications for practice and/or policy: This study's conclusions offer pivotal insights for educators, academic institutions, policy framers, and curriculum architects. Online collaborative platforms exhibit promise in amplifying student outcomes and engagement within the realm of science education. It is imperative to broaden this research scope to discern the tools' potential across varied educational environments and diverse student demographics. There is a compelling case for stakeholders, especially educators and policymakers, to contemplate incorporating these online tools into science pedagogy, aiming to magnify student learning experiences and engagement levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Immersive virtual reality (IVR) is a new technology that could motivate learners, but also could contain distracting elements that increase cognitive demands on learners. In contrast, learning with conventional media, such as a narrated slideshow could be less motivating, but also less distracting. Objectives: This experiment investigates: (1) in what situations executive function and working memory capacity play a role in learning in IVR and a slideshow lesson and (2) whether people learn science content better with IVR or with a narrated slideshow lesson. Method: Participants watched a lesson on ocean acidification either using a head‐mounted display IVR device or a pre‐recorded narrated slideshow lesson. A week later, they took a test on this material and completed tasks to assess executive function and working memory capacity. Results and Conclusion: On a post‐test, there was no difference between IVR and slideshow lessons, but there were differences in the role of executive function in learning with these two media. For students learning in IVR, executive function correlated significantly with post‐test scores, such that learners with stronger executive function did better on the posttest than those with weaker executive function, while for students learning with a slideshow lesson, executive function and working memory capacity did not correlate significantly with posttest scores. This research indicates that it is important to understand how a learner's attentional controls impact their understanding when using IVR for learning. Lay Description: What is already know about this topic: Immersive virtual reality increases demands on cognition for learners.Immersive virtual reality for learning has inconsistent effects in prior research.Executive function and working memory capacity are important components in processing material while learning. What this paper adds: Research focused on the role individual differences play in learning with technology.Using common cognitive assessments to understand the process of learning better. Implications for practice and/or policy: Executive function predicted test score for an immersive virtual reality lesson.Use of immersive technology needs to take into account executive function to reduce potential inequity in learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nursing interventions in the post‐operative time period including psychological and emotional support, adverse event education, and instructions for follow‐up care contribute patient satisfaction, safety, and quality of life. However, the time spent in the post‐anesthesia care unit (PACU) and hospital continues to shorten around the world to reduce health care spending and improve patient outcomes. Nurses conducting research during the important post‐operative recovery period need to utilize unique techniques and emerging technologies to contact, recruit and collect data outside of the hospital setting including the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) platform. Aims: This paper describes the feasibility and acceptability, facilitators and barriers of the software application, REDCap, to complete a repeated‐measures, descriptive correlational study in patients undergoing outpatient breast cancer surgeries. Methods & Materials: The recruitment, data collection and storage were completed utilizing the secure REDCap Platform. The Institutional Research Board (IRB)‐approved study was a repeated‐measures, descriptive, correlational study with data collection at three time points. The data points aligned with important transitions and routine visits to improve data collection feasibility and increase relevance to clinical practice. Results: The sample consisted of women diagnosed with breast cancer undergoing breast conserving surgery between August 15 and October 15, 2020. There were 123 potential participants, of which 76 started the surveys and 75 participated (61%) responded and participated in the study on Post‐operative Day 1. Fifty‐nine participants (78%) completed the surveys on post‐operative Day 14. Discussion: As the frequency of outpatient treatment increases, nurses conducting post‐operative research will need to collect the data outside of the hospital setting. Conclusion: Email provides a method of studying new phenomena by recruiting participants, providing information about the study, and collecting results in a non‐traditional setting. REDCap provides a method to facilitate nursing research through a securely encrypted integrated process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a significant advancement in the realm of information science by exploring and validating a semiotic scale tailored for library software interfaces. Employing a design‐based approach, the investigation identifies 14 crucial semiotic elements specific to library software interfaces, forming the cornerstone of its theoretical framework. The process of developing the semiotic scale involves creating user personas, conducting a comprehensive semiotic analysis, and engaging in productive collaboration with experts. Through meticulous evaluation and refinement, achieved by expert assessments and user testing, the scale offers actionable insights for guiding interface enhancement. The study's findings encompass a breadth of revelations, including user needs, user personas, outcomes of semiotic analysis, criteria development, and evaluation results across a diverse range of library software interfaces. Serving as a valuable tool for interface designers, the semiotic scale facilitates the alignment of design choices with user preferences and requirements. Its inherent adaptability ensures applicability across a spectrum of library software interfaces. The study's paramount contribution lies in bridging the gap between theoretical semiotics and practical design considerations. The comprehensive model offered by the development and validation of the semiotic scale empowers the evaluation of semiotic elements' impact on user perceptions and interface usability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is tempting to assume that because effectiveness metrics have free choice to assign scores to search engine result pages (SERPs) there must thus be a similar degree of freedom as to the relative order that SERP pairs can be put into. In fact that second freedom is, to a considerable degree, illusory. That is because if one SERP in a pair has been given a certain score by a metric, fundamental ordering constraints in many cases then dictate that the score for the second SERP must be either not less than, or not greater than, the score assigned to the first SERP. We refer to these fixed relationships as innate pairwise SERP orderings. Our first goal in this work is to describe and defend those pairwise SERP relationship constraints, and tabulate their relative occurrence via both exhaustive and empirical experimentation. We then consider how to employ such innate pairwise relationships in IR experiments, leading to a proposal for a new measurement paradigm. Specifically, we argue that tables of results in which many different metrics are listed for champion versus challenger system comparisons should be avoided; and that instead a single metric be argued for in principled terms, with any relationships identified by that metric then reinforced via an assessment of the innate relationship as to whether other metrics are likely to yield the same system‐versus‐system outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This simulation study assessed the ability of Speech-Output Technologies (SOTs) to keep in-time during conversational repair. Fifty-eight Other Initiated Repair (OIR) initiators were collected from transcripts of repair interaction sequences collected from past research. A range of selection latencies were then used to calculate simulated utterance composition delays for the OIR initiators using two popular SOT software apps, with and without the use of word prediction. To determine whether OIR utterances could be produced within a socially sensitive temporal gap, composition delay was compared to a conservative temporal limit obtained for oral communicators (Kendrick, 2015). Even at the fastest 0.5 s selection latency level, utterance-level composition delays for both SOTs were substantially greater than the OIR limit set for this study. Next, AAC production rate data spanning a variety of technologies, access methods, tasks and user profiles was obtained from the literature. Communication performance for these groups was then evaluated against the identified temporal OIR limit. None of the user groups were found to be capable of producing full OIR utterances within the temporal limits of oral-speech conversation, with most unable to type even a single selection within these bounds. Because of the frequency and importance of repair in conversation, these results have important implications for designing devices to enable their users to successfully engage in such important conversational activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic empowerment (EE) services promote survivors' economic stability and well-being. A target for intervention and prevention, then, is to offer more effective EE services. The study purpose was to develop a clearer picture of what EE services agencies offer, and how prepared staff are to provide these services. We collected data from 154 providers. Survivors most requested, and agencies most frequently provided, housing services. EE services offered did not differ by agency location, staff size, or number of clients. Providers' confidence was greater if they completed high school; their agency offered more EE services; and they completed voluntary training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research into the use of reflective techniques, in applied sports environments, has tended to focus on the experiences of coaches. However, with the increasing professionalization of sports, coaches no longer stand alone as the focus for research into the professional development experiences of individuals. Yet, there is only limited research into the professional development of performance analysts. Consequently, this research sought to understand how a performance analyst could use reflective conversations with coaches, players, and expert analysts as a tool for professional development. The research adopted an autoethnographic approach to investigate the use of reflective conversations as a tool for professional development for a performance analyst. The data collection and analysis process followed three stages for Martin, the performance analyst the heart of the research: living the story, telling the story, and retelling the story. Through this process, two vignettes were written about Martin's experience engaging in reflective conversations; 'Delving Deeper' and 'A mirror conversation'. These vignettes highlighted the importance of Martin engaging in reflective conversations in order to develop strategies to manage professional issues as well as being beneficial in helping him to understand the opportunities for professional growth available within his role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Headings purpose: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic, nondegenerative disease with important limitations in patients. Its average global prevalence is 1.78%, and women are more affected than men (3:1). Due to the lack of objective diagnostic tools, it is a complex medical condition that is frequently unseen by patients' relatives and doctors, which might nonetheless have a noticeable impact on the patient's entourage. Material and Methods: This qualitative descriptive study aimed to elicit family members' views on how FM affects their lives. It was conducted in two community health centers (one rural and one urban) from the Sagunto Health Department (Valencia Community, Spain). We included seven focus groups with 41 family members. We analyzed the data gathered with an inductive thematic semantic analysis approach using NVivo 12 software. Results: We identified four major themes: (1) fibromyalgia as a nosological entity or an invention that is always burdensome; (2) children and spouses as caregivers (or not); (3) adverse effects of fibromyalgia on the couple's sexual life; and (4) harmful consequences of FM on the family economy. The findings showed a negative impact of the disease within the family context. Family members face complex and changing roles and difficulties when living with women with fibromyalgia. Conclusions: Relatives' better understanding of the disease, greater acceptance of new family roles, and improvement of patients' work conditions are all interventions that may help reduce the negative impact of FM in the family context. Vázquez Canales LDM, Aguilar García-Iturrospe E, and Pereiro Berenguer I. Impact of fibromyalgia in the family context. FISABIO Foundation Primary Care Research Journey, Generalitat Valenciana (Valencia, Spain). 25th November 2021. Awarded Best Research Project in Primary Care Year 2021. Vázquez Canales LDM, Aguilar García-Iturrospe E, and Pereiro Berenguer I. Qualitative approach in the impact of fibromyalgia in the family context. IV Autonomic Fibromyalgia Journey for professionals and patients. Organized by Sagunto Hospital (Sagunto, Spain). 15th May 2018. Vázquez Canales LDM, Aguilar García-Iturrospe E, and Pereiro Berenguer I. Research project about the Impact of fibromyalgia in the family context. National Spanish Conference about Family Medicine. Organized by the Spanish Family Medicine Society (Madrid, Spain). 6th May 2017. Vázquez Canales LDM, Aguilar García-Iturrospe E, and Pereiro Berenguer I. Quantitative approach in the impact of fibromyalgia in the family context. III Autonomic Fibromyalgia Journey for Professionals and Patients. Organized by Sagunto Hospital (Sagunto, Spain). 2nd October 2017. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Stress is a pervasive occurrence within certain professions, including nurses working in emergency and intensive care unit environments. Nurses in these settings often confront various stress-inducing factors, such as unsupportive management and distressing events like patient mortality, and experience notably higher levels of stress. Nevertheless, information is scarce regarding the precise level of stress in Ethiopia, particularly within southern hospitals. Objective: To assess stress levels and associated factors among nurses working in the critical care unit and emergency rooms at comprehensive specialized hospitals in southern Ethiopia, 2023. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional explanatory sequential mixed-method study was undertaken, involving a total of 239 nurses. For the quantitative component, all nurses working in intensive care units and emergency rooms were included as participants, while a purposive sampling technique was employed to select participants for the qualitative aspect. Data for the quantitative study were gathered through the utilization of self-administered questionnaires, while interviews were conducted using a structured interview guide for the qualitative portion. Quantitative data entry and analysis were performed using EpiDataV4.6 and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, respectively. Thematic analysis of the qualitative data was conducted using the OpenCode software. Results: The level of stress among nurses in the emergency and intensive care units was low (19.3%), moderate (55.9%), and high (24.8%). Workload (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.17–10.56) and time constraints (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI (1.03–6.07) were significantly associated with moderate stress level, while duty demands (AOR = 3.03, 95% CI (1.17–7.14), availability of medical equipment and supplies (AOR = 1.42, 95% CI (1.18–4.97), and witnessing death and dying (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI (1.13–5.88) were significantly associated with high-stress level. The qualitative data analysis revealed that the participants underscored the significant impact of organizational factors, individual factors, and profession-related factors on the stress levels experienced by nurses in emergency and critical care settings. Conclusion and recommendation: Based on the findings, the participants in this study experienced some level of stress, to varying degrees. Therefore, it is crucial to implement effective strategies such as optimizing staffing and workflow, improving communication and collaboration, providing adequate support and resources, leveraging technology and innovation, emphasizing patient-centered care, and implementing data-driven quality improvement to alleviate the burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Orthotic devices may be prescribed for the management of foot and ankle deformities caused by Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). However, the actual use of these devices is variable. No studies have evaluated the impact of prescription, delivery and follow-up of orthotic devices on their use. We aimed to describe the relationship between the pathways followed by individuals with CMT and orthotic device use. Exploratory, cross-sectional, 35-item survey of orthotic device management. Individuals with CMT were recruited from CMT-France Association. Of the 940 respondents, 795 were included, mean age of 52.9 (SD 16.9) years. Rate of orthotic device use was 49.2% (391/795). The most frequent reason for non-use was a poor fit. Non-use was related to the orthotic device type, the health professionals consulted, and the severity of the CMT-related impairments. Follow-up visits (38.7%), re-evaluation of orthotic devices (25.3%) and consultations with the Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine physician were infrequent (28.3%). Orthotic devices are massively underused. Follow-up and re-evaluation are infrequent. Care pathways, prescription and delivery of orthotic devices must be optimized to meet the expectations of people with CMT. Device fitting, individual needs, and changes in the clinical state must be re-evaluated regularly by specialists to improve orthotic device use. Foot deformities and foot drop contribute to disability in people with Charcot Marie Tooth Disease but use of orthotic devices is poor. To improve orthotic device use, regular multidisciplinary consultations and regular re-evaluation of the device by specialists in neuro-orthopaedics are important. The device fit should be regularly re-evaluated by the prescribing doctor or the practitioner who made the device. Regular multimodal evaluation of foot deformity, including muscle strength and length, and the individual's needs and expectations is also important to improve orthotic device use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Interprofessional primary care teams (IPCTs) work together to enhance care. Despite evidence on the benefits of IPCTs, implementation remains challenging. This research aims to 1) identify and prioritize barriers and enablers, and 2) co-develop team-level strategies to support IPCT implementation in Nova Scotia, Canada. Methods: Healthcare providers and staff of IPCTs were invited to complete an online survey to identify barriers and enablers, and the degree to which each item impacted the functioning of their team. Top ranked items were identified using the sum of frequency x impact for each response. A virtual knowledge sharing event was held to identify strategies to address local barriers and enablers that impact team functioning. Results: IPCT members (n = 117), with a mix of clinic roles and experience, completed the survey. The top three enablers identified were access to technological tools to support their role, standardized processes for using the technological tools, and having a team manager to coordinate collaboration. The top three barriers were limited opportunity for daily team communication, lack of conflict resolution strategies, and lack of capacity building opportunities. IPCT members, administrators, and patients attended the knowledge sharing event (n = 33). Five strategies were identified including: 1) balancing patient needs and provider scope of practice, 2) holding regular and accessible meetings, 3) supporting team development opportunities, 4) supporting professional development, and 5) supporting involvement in non-clinical activities. Interpretation: This research contextualized evidence to further understand local perspectives and experiences of barriers and enablers to the implementation of IPCTs. The knowledge exchange event identified actionable strategies that IPCTs and healthcare administrators can tailor to support teams and care for patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. During a public health crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, nurse leaders coordinate timely high-quality care, maintain profit margins, and ensure regulatory compliance while supporting the health and wellbeing of the nursing workforce. In a rapidly changing environment where resources may be scarce, nurse leaders are vulnerable to moral injury; however, organizational effectiveness may help to buffer moral challenges in healthcare leadership, thereby fostering greater moral resilience and reducing turnover intention. Aim. To understand mechanisms by which perceived organizational effectiveness contributes to nurse leaders' moral wellness (i.e., moral injury and moral resilience) and thereby effects work outcomes (i.e., engagement, burnout, and turnover intention). Methods. A cross-sectional survey of nurse leaders (N = 817) from across the United States was conducted using a snowball methodology, independent t-tests, and structural equation modeling to examine theoretical relationships among moral injury, moral resilience, and organizational effectiveness. Results. Higher ratings on every facet of perceived organizational effectiveness were significantly related to greater moral resilience (p < 0.001 for all t-tests) and lower moral injury (p < 0.001 for all t-tests) among nurse leaders. Structural equation models indicated both moral resilience and moral injury were significant mediators of the relationship between organizational effectiveness and work outcomes. Moral resilience and moral injury significantly mediated the effect of organizational effectiveness on burnout. Moral resilience was also a significant mediator of the relationship between organizational effectiveness and moral injury. Conclusion. Dismantling organizational patterns and processes in healthcare organizations that contribute to moral injury and lower moral resilience may be important levers for increasing engagement, decreasing burnout, and reducing turnover of nurse leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper extends the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) guidelines to provide criteria for assessing if software conforms to best practices in open source. By adding "USE" (User-Centered, Sustainable, Equitable), software development can adhere to open source best practice by incorporating user-input early on, ensuring front-end designs are accessible to all possible stakeholders, and planning long-term sustainability alongside software design. The FAIR-USE4OS guidelines will allow funders and researchers to more effectively evaluate and plan open-source software projects. There is good evidence of funders increasingly mandating that all funded research software is open source; however, even under the FAIR guidelines, this could simply mean software released on public repositories with a Zenodo DOI. By creating FAIR-USE software, best practice can be demonstrated from the very beginning of the design process and the software has the greatest chance of success by being impactful. Author summary: This research builds on the FAIR principles to ensure research software adheres to open-source development best practice, which includes community engagement and early planning for long-term sustainability. By creating guidelines ("FAIR-USE4OS") that can be followed, funders and researchers are in a stronger position to evaluate and create research software with maximal chance of success. This research is important as open-source software that is not "FAIR-USE" has a lower probability of long-term impact. These guidelines will help benefit and impact society once they are widely accepted by researchers and funders, which could happen within a relatively short time period given good evidence that funders are actively including and updating open source policies, which directly impact upon how research is conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Historically, kinematic measures have been compared across injured and non-injured groups of runners, failing to take into account variability in kinematic patterns that exist independent of injury, and resulting in false positives. Research led by gait patterns and not pre-defined injury status is called for, to better understand running-related injury (RRI) aetiology and within- and between-group variability. Objectives: Synthesise evidence for the existence of distinct kinematic sub-groups across a population of injured and healthy runners and assess between-group variability in kinematics, demographics and injury incidence. Data Sources: Electronic database search: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Wiley), Embase, OVID, Scopus. Eligibility Criteria: Original, peer-reviewed, research articles, published from database start to August 2022 and limited to English language were searched for quantitative and mixed-methods full-text studies that clustered injured runners according to kinematic variables. Results: Five studies (n = 690) were included in the review. All studies detected the presence of distinct kinematic sub-groups of runners through cluster analysis. Sub-groups were defined by multiple differences in hip, knee and foot kinematics. Sex, step rate and running speed also varied significantly between groups. Random injury dispersal across sub-groups suggests no strong evidence for an association between kinematic sub-groups and injury type or location. Conclusion: Sub-groups containing homogeneous gait patterns exist across healthy and injured populations of runners. It is likely that a single injury may be represented by multiple movement patterns, and therefore kinematics may not predict injury risk. Research to better understand the underlying causes of kinematic variability, and their associations with RRI, is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has long been thought that abiogenesis requires a process of selection and evolution at the molecular level, but this process is hard to explore experimentally. One solution could be the use of automation in experiments which could allow for traceability and the ability to explore a larger reaction space. We report a fully programmable and automated platform to explore the reactions of amino acids in the presence of mineral environments. The robotic system is based upon the Chemputer system which has well defined modules, software, and a chemical programming language to orchestrate the chemical processes, including analysis. The reaction mixtures were analysed with tandem mass spectrometry and a peptide sequencing algorithm. Each experiment was screened for 1,398,100 possible unique sequences, and more than 550 specifically defined sequences were confirmed experimentally. This work aimed to develop a new understanding of selection in repeated cycles of polymerisation reactions to explore the emergence of well‐defined amino acid sequences. We found that the outcome of oligomerisation was significantly influenced by the presence of different minerals, and that a serpentine environment selects glycine and phenylalanine rich fragments that enable the formation of longer oligomers with well‐defined sequences as a function of cycle number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary lymphedema is the most common form of lymphedema presenting in the pediatric age group. Childhood lymphedema is caused by hereditary or congenital malformations in the lymphatic system that can manifest at birth or during childhood or adolescence. Complex decongestive therapy (CDT) is the cornerstone of conservative management of lymphedema in both adult and pediatric lymphedema patients, although pediatric treatment guidelines are still lacking. In this study we aimed to assess the effects of CDT on pediatric patients. Childhood lymphedema patients who presented to the lymphedema rehabilitation unit of our university hospital before the age of 18 and who were treated for lymphedema with CDT were included in the study. Data on patient demographics, disease characteristics, and treatment duration were recorded. Limb volumes were calculated from patient measurements using a spreadsheet software (Limb Volume Calculator) that utilized the geometric formula for volume of a truncated cone. Measurements were taken before treatment and also weekly after initiation of treatment. Percent excess volume (PEV) was used instead of absolute volume difference to define the severity of lymphedema. A total of 34 limbs from 24 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 10.1 ± 4.9 years and 14 (58.3 %) were female. Most patients had one affected limb but 16 had bilateral lower-extremity lymphedema. The mean duration of treatment with CDT was 153.6 ± 155.8 days. Excess volume percentage change between pre-treatment PEV (602.8 ± 713.8) and post-treatment PEV (514.6 ± 699.1) was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). Pediatric lymphedema management is a difficult and less well studied area in lymphedema rehabilitation. Our data support the use of CDT, which is a safe and effective treatment method, for pediatric lymphedema patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: This review highlights the profound impact of digital pathology (DP) and artificial intelligence (AI) on advancing cancer diagnosis and treatment. DP enables pathologists to access, analyze, and share high-resolution images, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and fostering remote collaboration. AI further refines cancer diagnosis by automating tasks and facilitating spatial analysis of the tumor microenvironment (TME), leading to the discovery of novel biomarkers. Immunoscore (IS), an AI-assisted immune assay, exhibits robust potential in improving cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment selection, surpassing traditional staging systems. Integrating DP and AI, particularly the IS biomarker, into clinical practice promises to enhance personalized cancer therapy. The research underscores a pivotal leap forward in pathology, stressing the imperative of incorporating AI-driven technologies for improved cancer patient care and outcomes. This exploration aims to provide insights into the transformative potential of DP in cancer management, influencing the clinical community towards more effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. (1) Background: Digital pathology (DP) is transforming the landscape of clinical practice, offering a revolutionary approach to traditional pathology analysis and diagnosis. (2) Methods: This innovative technology involves the digitization of traditional glass slides which enables pathologists to access, analyze, and share high-resolution whole-slide images (WSI) of tissue specimens in a digital format. By integrating cutting-edge imaging technology with advanced software, DP promises to enhance clinical practice in numerous ways. DP not only improves quality assurance and standardization but also allows remote collaboration among experts for a more accurate diagnosis. Artificial intelligence (AI) in pathology significantly improves cancer diagnosis, classification, and prognosis by automating various tasks. It also enhances the spatial analysis of tumor microenvironment (TME) and enables the discovery of new biomarkers, advancing their translation for therapeutic applications. (3) Results: The AI-driven immune assays, Immunoscore (IS) and Immunoscore-Immune Checkpoint (IS-IC), have emerged as powerful tools for improving cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment selection by assessing the tumor immune contexture in cancer patients. Digital IS quantitative assessment performed on hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) and CD3+/CD8+ stained slides from colon cancer patients has proven to be more reproducible, concordant, and reliable than expert pathologists' evaluation of immune response. Outperforming traditional staging systems, IS demonstrated robust potential to enhance treatment efficiency in clinical practice, ultimately advancing cancer patient care. Certainly, addressing the challenges DP has encountered is essential to ensure its successful integration into clinical guidelines and its implementation into clinical use. (4) Conclusion: The ongoing progress in DP holds the potential to revolutionize pathology practices, emphasizing the need to incorporate powerful AI technologies, including IS, into clinical settings to enhance personalized cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to obtain the optimal formula for human milk fat substitute (HMFS) through a combination of software and an evaluation model and further verify its practicability through an animal experiment. The results showed that a total of 33 fatty acid (FA) and 63 triglyceride (TAG) molecular species were detected in vegetable oils. Palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, 18:1/16:0/18:1, 18:2/16:0/18:2, 18:1/18:1/18:1 and 18:1/18:2/18:1, were the main molecular species among the FAs and TAGs in the vegetable oils. Based on the HMFS evaluation model, the optimal mixed vegetable oil formula was blended with 21.3% palm oil, 2.8% linseed oil, 2.6% soybean oil, 29.9% rapeseed oil and 43.4% maize oil, with the highest score of 83.146. Moreover, there was no difference in the weight, blood routine indices or calcium and magnesium concentrations in the feces of the mice between the homemade mixed vegetable oil (HMVO) group and the commercial mixed vegetable oil (CMVO) group, while nervonic acid (C24:1) and octanoic acid (C8:0) were absorbed easily in the HMVO group. Therefore, these results demonstrate that the mixing of the different vegetable oils was feasible via a combination of computer software and an evaluation model and provided a new way to produce HMFS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Alliance of Genome Resources (Alliance) is an extensible coalition of knowledgebases focused on the genetics and genomics of intensively studied model organisms. The Alliance is organized as individual knowledge centers with strong connections to their research communities and a centralized software infrastructure, discussed here. Model organisms currently represented in the Alliance are budding yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans , Drosophila , zebrafish, frog, laboratory mouse, laboratory rat, and the Gene Ontology Consortium. The project is in a rapid development phase to harmonize knowledge, store it, analyze it, and present it to the community through a web portal, direct downloads, and application programming interfaces (APIs). Here, we focus on developments over the last 2 years. Specifically, we added and enhanced tools for browsing the genome (JBrowse), downloading sequences, mining complex data (AllianceMine), visualizing pathways, full-text searching of the literature (Textpresso), and sequence similarity searching (SequenceServer). We enhanced existing interactive data tables and added an interactive table of paralogs to complement our representation of orthology. To support individual model organism communities, we implemented species-specific "landing pages" and will add disease-specific portals soon; in addition, we support a common community forum implemented in Discourse software. We describe our progress toward a central persistent database to support curation, the data modeling that underpins harmonization, and progress toward a state-of-the-art literature curation system with integrated artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Humans often use co‐speech gestures to promote effective communication. Attention has been paid to the cortical areas engaged in the processing of co‐speech gestures. Aims: To investigate the neural network underpinned in the processing of co‐speech gestures and to observe whether there is a relationship between areas involved in language and gesture processing. Methods & Procedures: We planned to include studies with neurotypical and/or stroke participants who underwent a bimodal task (i.e., processing of co‐speech gestures with relative speech) and a unimodal task (i.e., speech or gesture alone) during a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) session. After a database search, abstract and full‐text screening were conducted. Qualitative and quantitative data were extracted, and a meta‐analysis was performed with the software GingerALE 3.0.2, performing contrast analyses of uni‐ and bimodal tasks. Main Contribution: The database search produced 1024 records. After the screening process, 27 studies were included in the review. Data from 15 studies were quantitatively analysed through meta‐analysis. Meta‐analysis found three clusters with a significant activation of the left middle frontal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus, and bilateral middle occipital gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus. Conclusions: There is a close link at the neural level for the semantic processing of auditory and visual information during communication. These findings encourage the integration of the use of co‐speech gestures during aphasia treatment as a strategy to foster the possibility to communicate effectively for people with aphasia. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on this subject: Gestures are an integral part of human communication, and they may have a relationship at neural level with speech processing. What this paper adds to the existing knowledge: During processing of bi‐ and unimodal communication, areas related to semantic processing and multimodal processing are activated, suggesting that there is a close link between co‐speech gestures and spoken language at a neural level. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?: Knowledge of the functions related to gesture and speech processing neural networks will allow for the adoption of model‐based neurorehabilitation programs to foster recovery from aphasia by strengthening the specific functions of these brain networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Children with phonological impairment present with pattern‐based errors in their speech production. While some children have difficulties with speech perception and/or the establishment of robust underlying phonological representations, the nature of phonological impairment in children is still not well understood. Given that phonological and lexical development are closely linked, one way to better understand the nature of the problem in phonological impairment is to examine word learning abilities in children. Aims: To examine word learning and its relationship with speech perception, speech production and vocabulary knowledge in children aged 4–5 years. There were two variables of interest: speech production abilities ranging from phonological impairment to typical speech; and vocabulary abilities ranging from typical to above average ('lexically precocious'). Methods & Procedures: Participants were 49 Australian‐English‐speaking children aged 48–69 months. Children were each taught four novel non‐words (out of a selection of eight) through stories, and word learning was assessed at 1 week post‐initial exposure. Word learning was assessed using two measures: confrontation naming and story retell naming. Data were analysed by group using independent‐samples t‐tests and Mann–Whitney U‐tests, and continuously using multiple linear regression. Outcomes & Results: There was no significant difference in word learning ability of children with and without phonological impairment, but regardless of speech group, children with above average vocabulary had significantly better word learning abilities than children with average vocabulary. In multiple linear regression, vocabulary was the only significant predictor of variance in word learning ability. Conclusions & Implications: Children with phonological impairment can be lexically precocious and learn new words like their peers without phonological impairment. Contrary to expectations, vocabulary knowledge rather than expressive phonological ability explained variance in measures of word learning. These findings question an assumption that children with phonological impairment have underspecified phonological representations. They also highlight the heterogeneity among children with phonological impairment and the need to better understand the nature of their difficulty learning the phonological system of the ambient language. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on the subject: There is limited research examining the word learning abilities of children with phonological impairment. Most previous research focuses on word properties such as phonotactic probability and neighbourhood density. Within the existing literature there are different reports and conclusions regarding the word learning abilities of children with phonological impairment and whether their word learning differs from that of children with typically developing speech. What this study adds to existing knowledge: This study found that vocabulary was the strongest predictor of word learning across children with and without phonological impairment. There was no significant difference in word learning ability between children with and without phonological impairment. However, children with lexically precocious vocabulary abilities were significantly better at word learning than children with average vocabulary abilities. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?: Findings from this study support the importance of assessing and considering measures of word learning—including vocabulary—when working with children with phonological impairment. This study indicates that it is possible to use stories coupled with measures of confrontation naming and story retell to gain deeper insight into children's word learning abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Leaks following bariatric surgery, while rare, are potentially fatal due to risk of peritonitis and sepsis. Anastomotic leaks and gastro-gastric fistulae following Roux-En-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) as well as staple line leaks after sleeve gastrectomy have historically been treated multimodally with surgical drainage, aggressive antibiotic therapy, and more recently, endoscopically. Endoscopic clipping using over-the-scope clips and endoscopic suturing are two of the most common approaches used to achieve full thickness closure. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed to identify articles on the use of endoscopic clipping or suturing for the treatment of leaks and fistulae following bariatric surgery. Studies focusing on stents, and those that incorporated multiple closure techniques simultaneously, were excluded. Literature review and meta-analysis were performed with the PRISMA guidelines. Results: Five studies with 61 patients that underwent over-the-scope clip (OTSC) closure were included. The pooled proportion of successful closure across the studies was 81.1% (95% CI 67.3 to 91.7). The successful closure rates were homogeneous (I2 = 39%, p = 0.15). Three studies with 92 patients that underwent endoscopic suturing were included. The weighted pooled proportion of successful closure across the studies was shown to be 22.4% (95% CI 14.6 to 31.3). The successful closure rates were homogeneous (I2 = 0%, p = 0.44). Three of the studies, totaling 34 patients, examining OTSC deployment reported data for reintervention rate. The weighted pooled proportion of reintervention across the studies was 35.0% (95% CI 11.7 to 64.7). We noticed statistically significant heterogeneity (I2 = 68%, p = 0.04). One study, with 20 patients examining endoscopic suturing, reported rate of repeat intervention 60%. Conclusion: Observational reports show that patients managed with OTSC were more likely to experience healing of their defect than those managed with endoscopic suturing. Larger controlled studies comparing different closure devices for bariatric leaks should be carried out to better understand the ideal endoscopic approach to these complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICG-FA) may reduce perfusion-related complications of gastrointestinal anastomosis. Software implementations for quantifying ICG-FA are emerging to overcome a subjective interpretation of the technology. Comparison between quantification algorithms is needed to judge its external validity. This study aimed to measure the agreement for visceral perfusion assessment between two independently developed quantification software implementations. Methods: This retrospective cohort analysis included standardized ICG-FA video recordings of patients who underwent esophagectomy with gastric conduit reconstruction between August 2020 until February 2022. Recordings were analyzed by two quantification software implementations: AMS and CPH. The quantitative parameter used to measure visceral perfusion was the normalized maximum slope derived from fluorescence time curves. The agreement between AMS and CPH was evaluated in a Bland–Altman analysis. The relation between the intraoperative measurement of perfusion and the incidence of anastomotic leakage was determined for both software implementations. Results: Seventy pre-anastomosis ICG-FA recordings were included in the study. The Bland–Altman analysis indicated a mean relative difference of + 58.2% in the measurement of the normalized maximum slope when comparing the AMS software to CPH. The agreement between AMS and CPH deteriorated as the magnitude of the measured values increased, revealing a proportional (linear) bias (R2 = 0.512, p < 0.001). Neither the AMS nor the CPH measurements of the normalized maximum slope held a significant relationship with the occurrence of anastomotic leakage (median of 0.081 versus 0.074, p = 0.32 and 0.041 vs 0.042, p = 0.51, respectively). Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate technical differences in software implementations that can lead to discrepancies in ICG-FA quantification in human clinical cases. The possible variation among software-based quantification methods should be considered when interpreting studies that report quantitative ICG-FA parameters and derived thresholds, as there may be a limited external validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This article describes the first digital clinical information system tailored to support the operational needs of a forensic unit in Greece and to maintain its archives. Method: The development of our system was initiated towards the end of 2018, as a close collaboration between the Medical School of the University of Crete and the Forensic Medicine Unit of the University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, where forensic pathologists assumed active roles during the specification and testing of the system. Results: The final prototype of the system was able to manage the life cycle of any forensic case by allowing users to create new records, assign them to forensic pathologists, upload reports, multimedia and any required files; mark the end of processing, issue certificates or appropriate legal documents, produce reports and generate statistics. For the first 4 years of digitised data (2017–2021), the system recorded 2936 forensic examinations categorised as 106 crime scene investigations, 259 external examinations, 912 autopsies, 102 post-mortem CT examinations, 804 histological examinations, 116 clinical examinations, 12 anthropological examinations and 625 embalmings. Conclusion: This research represents the first systematic effort to record forensic cases through a digital clinical information system in Greece, and to demonstrate its effectiveness, daily usability and vast potential for data extraction and for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of retention function and relative conductivity function is essential for the calculation of flow in a variably saturated media using the Richards equation. A widely used mathematical model for this is the Mualem‐van Genuchten model which requires the shape parameters α and n. These, however, are difficult to obtain. When data is scarce, α and n are often taken from literature and may deviate largely from actual values. The current study presents a novel mathematical model for the approximation of α and n and for the further estimation of realistic value ranges, which may be used as parameter space, for example, for the calibration of a numerical model. The model was developed for cases where data is scarce and only values of saturated hydraulic conductivity are available. It is based on a large data set from literature and it is demonstrated that the model estimates mean values from that data set with a good accuracy. In order to show the applicability of the model, a second data set has been compiled anew (provided as Supporting Information). The model is incorporated into the current version of the freeware computer program HYPAGS, which enables easy usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This proof-of-concept study was conducted to establish the feasibility of compiling Federal Interagency Traumatic Brain Injury Research (FITBIR) data pertaining to depression and suicide risk, with the secondary goal of improving understanding regarding these outcomes. FITBIR is a national repository of participant-level traumatic brain injury (TBI) data designed to address methodological limitations (e.g., small sample size, heterogeneity of injuries). Method: FITBIR studies with TBI severity and measures related to depression and suicidal ideation were identified. Data were harmonized across relevant studies and grouped to identify "probable depression" and suicidal ideation, resulting in a large, combined sample. Rates of probable depression and suicidal ideation were described across the available studies, considering the influence of demographic and/or injury-related factors on outcomes. Results: Cross-sectional studies meeting criteria included four studies with depression outcomes and two with suicidal ideation outcomes. Two studies reported data appropriate for comparative analyses on depression. Combined results suggested that approximately 71% of participants were categorized as having probable depression. Participants with a history of mild TBI had 2.54 greater odds of probable depression (95% confidence interval [1.93, 3.34]) than those without a history of TBI. Conclusions: Methods, harmonization code, and meta-databases related to TBI, probable depression, and suicidal ideation are now publicly available on the FITBIR website. Even with limited data, harmonization of FITBIR studies can serve as the basis for ongoing TBI and mental health research. Analyses will be more robust in the future as more studies with relevant outcome data are added to the FITBIR database. Impact and Implications: This study demonstrates the feasibility of harmonizing participant-level data from Federal Interagency Traumatic Brain Injury Research (FITBIR) into a single meta-database. Participants with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) had greater odds of meeting criteria for probable depression than those without TBI. Methodological products including harmonization and data-analysis code and the TBI depression meta-data set have been made publicly available through the FITIBIR website. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]