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This article examines the presence and role of the Qurʾān in Athanasius Kircher's essay De Cabala Saracenica (On the Kabbalah of the Saracens), published in Rome in 1653 as part of his famous work Oedipus Aegyptiacus (Egyptian Oedipus). De Cabala Saracenica is possibly the first analytical study undertaken in the West of magic in the Muslim world, allegedly based on a large selection of original sources, and therefore a significant work in the history of Orientalism and Islamic studies in Europe. Since the Qurʾān plays a central role in Islamicate magic, Kircher's study abounds with references to the Holy Book of Islam. The article focuses on the presence, analysis, and translation of Qurʾānic phrases and words (the Basmala and other verses, divine names) in this particular work by the learned Jesuit, in which the Qurʾānic text is the raw material of magical operations, sometimes transformed into numbers or materialized in talismanic figures. By demonstrating the actual use of original sources by the author and by reconstructing part of Athanasius Kircher's Islamicate occult library, it attempts to show that Kircher's interest in the Qurʾān was not really polemical but primarily historical and antiquarian, and was linked to his interests in the history of Hermeticism, Egyptology, and the occult sciences. The picture that emerges is Kircher's highly original approach to the Qurʾān in comparison to the main intellectual trends of the time, reflecting the exceptional personality of the thinker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cahiers d'Études Africaines is the property of Editions EHESS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Thélème is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sur le Journalisme, About Journalism, Sobre Jornalismo is the property of Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

L'histoire et la genèse des productions l'auront montré, l'ensemble des textes zouglou, considérés en relation avec leurs conditions de production, s'adressent à un cercle fermé et, en termes de communication, requièrent du destinataire qu'il contribue à élaborer la signification du texte en usant de clés qui en garantissent la cohésion et la cohérence, au-delà de ce qui peut être donné à voir en apparence. Ce sont les enjeux littéraires de ces procédures que cet article entend décrypter ce qu'elles disent des communautés et groupes qui les adoptent (ici les étudiants ivoiriens). L'idée est de procéder à l'examen des mécanismes par lesquelles la « langue » parlée sur les campus parvient à établir une signification de pensée par l'agencement et l'actualisation d'éléments déjà présents à l'esprit du seul récepteur avisé. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pour contrôler les violentes manifestations estudiantines qui ont conduit à l'invalidation de l'année 2015-2016 à la faculté des lettres, arts et sciences humaines de l'université d'Abomey-Calavi et les troubles que cette mesure risquait d'occasionner, la police s'est installée sur le campus. À cette censure locale se sont ajoutées, à l'échelle nationale, des atteintes à la liberté d'opinion et d'expression. Comment l'université a-t-elle réagi face à cette situation? Cet article montre que, dans le cadre des activités pédagogiques, l'analyse d'une fiction dramatique choisie à dessein peut servir à critiquer des atteintes réelles à la liberté puis à identifier les moyens de s'en affranchir. Avec l'observation participante, le concept d'horizon d'attente articulé à l'analyse dramaturgique sert de compromis méthodologique à l'étude, en deux axes, des activités pédagogiques ciblées. Le premier axe propose un rapide descriptif du contexte politique, du positionnement des protagonistes et des niveaux respectifs de leur implication dans l'expérience pédagogique étudiée. Cette contextualisation débouche sur la restitution du contenu des analyses menées d'abord sur les données du paratexte, puis sur deux catégories dramaturgiques du texte même de la pièce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article synthesizes results from historical newspaper analysis and archival research with standpoint epistemology to explore the dynamics of transnational eyewitnessing illustrated by Leonora Raines, a Paris-based American journalist who reported the Great War (1914-1918) for the metropolitan New York Sun. Few World War I military-press histories have explored how female reporters engaged in transnational journalism, harnessing their role as an "outsider within" to produce cross-border stories for audiences dependent on foreign news. Analysis of Raines' 126 articles, her scrapbook, and records from U.S. and German archives reveal her interactions with foreign sources, military censors, and propaganda across France, the Western Front, and Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI), in its manifesto, promised a free and independent media with an autonomous Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA) which does not become a tool in the hands of the ruling party (Insaf, 2018). The present study examines the increased control of the PTI government and the military on media outlets, independent journalists, artists, and literary figures around the country. The paper also discusses the rebalancing of power structure and political dynamics in Pakistan, along with the role of presidential ordinances: Pakistan Media Development Authority (PMDA) and amendment to Prevention in Electronic Crimes Act (PECA), which aim to bolster control, curb the narrative, and further limit the freedom of expression. The paper investigates the institutionalization of these draconian regulations whose impact has already started to appear with the confiscation and setting ablaze of Urdu translations of Mohammad Hanif’s novel: A Case of Exploding Mangoes by unknown men in Karachi, a novel which illustrates the historical fictional account of General Zia’s last days as President of Pakistan (Hussain, 2020). Dawn, one of the country’s oldest newspapers, has been banned and denied distribution in army cantonments since 2018. It is hoped that the present study will create awareness regarding this shift of balance towards authoritarianism and provide factual understanding of the country’s current political milieu.

The question of control—over bodies, knowledge, narrative, and nation—interweaves throughout Dana Medoro's Certain Concealments: Poe, Hawthorne, and Early Nineteenth-Century Abortion and Stephanie Peebles Tavera's (P)rescription Narratives: Feminist Medical Fiction and the Failure of American Censorship. Medoro focuses on discourses of life and women's (non)reproductive sexuality in Edgar Allan Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne's fiction. She establishes that the two authors were deeply skeptical of medicolegal definitions of life that created racial and economic hierarchies; through focal characters and indirect, playful prose, they critique discourses of life that valued some lives over others in the creation of Anglo-American nationalism. Tavera investigates late-nineteenth-century woman-authored medical fiction as directly engaging many of the same concepts Medoro explores. (P)rescription Narratives calls attention to the ways that Comstock-era censorship colluded with race science, medicine, and the law to limit women's sexual and reproductive autonomy. It demonstrates literature's agential capacities as the writers it addresses explicitly refute and redirect objectifying narratives. Combined, these texts show that questions of what "counts" as life, and by what (and whose) paradigms those lives can be lived, are hardly theoretical musings. Rather, they determine, systemically and corporeally, "life's legibility and reproduction ... in the name of American citizenship" (Medoro 19). These texts, in other words, are highly relevant and important as literary and cultural scholarship, making a powerful argument for the study of the humanities. But they are also important because they document the subversive and agential power of the written word to discern, document, and possibly heal—to affect change for today and the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Compulsory Execution / Revista Română de Executare Silită is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cet article propose un récit d'enquête portant sur un travail de thèse de doctorat étudiant le sport dans les quartiers défavorisés. Réaliser un récit d'enquête est une manière d'engager une démarche critique et réflexive sur les expériences de recherche. Les dessous des expériences d'enquête concernent aussi bien les situations en contact direct avec les acteurs, que les phases de négociation d'accès au terrain, de préparation des rencontres ainsi que d'analyse des données. À travers ce récit d'enquête, est proposée une focale sur les contraintes de terrains "politiques" qui participent de l'autocensure des acteurs municipaux jeunesse et sports en situation d'entretien dans six villes (Île-de-France). Sont répertoriées de nombreux impacts émanant à la fois : des hiérarchies dans un système d'action organisé, des logiques de défense corporatiste, des devoirs de réserve et de discrétion professionnelle dans la fonction publique ou encore, de l'agenda politique et de ses enjeux de mise en œuvre dans une phase de reconfiguration de l'action publique. Les dessous de l'enquête et le cheminement analytique des données seront dévoilés dans le but de contribuer à formaliser les "ficelles du métier" en sciences sociales du sport à la lumière de la singularité du terrain étudié. Les stratégies de contournement des paroles contraintes et censurées apparaissent comme l'émanation conjointe d'anticipation et d'ajustements face aux difficultés inhérentes aux situations d'enquête. Mots clés: Récit d'enquête; terrains politiques; censure; méthodologie; entretiens This article offers an investigative story relating to doctoral thesis work studying sport in disadvantaged neighborhoods. Creating an investigative story is a way of engaging in a critical and reflective approach to research experiences. The underside of the survey experiences concerns both situations in direct contact with the actors, as well as the phases of negotiation of access to the field, preparation of meetings as well as data analysis. Through this investigative account, the focus is on the "political" field constraints that contribute to the self-censorship of municipal youth and sports actors in interview situations in six cities (Île-de-France). Many impacts emanating from: hierarchies in an organized action system, the logic of corporatist defense, duties of reserve and professional discretion in the public service, or even the political agenda and its challenges of implementation in a phase of reconfiguration of public action. The underside of the investigation and the analytical path of the data will be revealed with the aim of helping to formalize the "tricks of the trade" in the social sciences of sport in the light of the singularity of the field studied. Strategies for circumventing constrained and censored words appear as the joint emanation of anticipation and adjustments in the face of the difficulties inherent in investigative situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cahiers Victoriens & Edouardiens is the property of Presses Universitaires de la Mediterranee and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

After more than seventy years, when Kahlil Gibran's 1923 masterpiece The Prophet had circulated freely in Egypt, censorship authorities banned the book in 1999 and 2011. This article explores the sociopolitical context surrounding the censorship of The Prophet and its Arabic translations, with a particular focus on the power play between censors and different agents and the strategies employed by the latter to revoke the ban on the book. The extent and intensity of power intervention speak to this case study's significance. Qualitative analysis of English and Arabic press material is utilized to gain insights into the censors' reports and the responses of different sociopolitical agents. This is paired with compiling and analyzing a dataset of bibliographical information on the editions of The Prophet's Arabic translations published in Egypt between 1999 and 2022. The findings point to a decentralized system of censorship exercised by several ministries and religious institutions with competing interests. It is argued that the survival of The Prophet in the face of multiple bans can be attributed to shifting sociopolitical conditions, discordant politics of powerful agents, and international pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Un État de droit est basé sur le principe de la légalité, c’est-à-dire et les gouvernants, et les gouvernés sont soumis à la règle de droit. Cette soumission n’est possible que grâce à un juge compétent qui exerce un contrôle sur des actes de l’Administration. Ce juge a-t-il le pouvoir de trancher tous les litiges? Quels sont les actes immunisés du contrôle du juge administratif congolais ? Ce texte tente de répondre adéquatement à ce propos interrogatif.

In this study are analyzed the dilemmas of the system and the censorship that mark the post-utopian society (a possible society) that can limit certain freedoms of the individual limits. Starting from some fictional representations (possible worlds) we could observe that the most serious problem for a people is erasing the past from the collective memory by changing the perception of the historical truth or relativizing it. In this sense, making use of the tools specific to the comparative approach, we analyzed the imaginary universe of the novel Amintiri din epoca lui Bibi: o post-utopie by Andrei Cornea, in which extensive recourse is made to memory, while developing social dilemmas and paradigms behavioral. We also noticed, from a compositional point of view, the novel is an allegorical projection of a society marked by the problem of lack of memory, but also of the condition of the individual in a post-utopian society that has not definitively renounced repressive means.

The contribution is intended to guide the reader in taking a comprehensive look at the revised Book VI of the CIC concerning the new canonical penal law promulgated by Francis in 2021. In harmony with this revision, the penal norms of the CCEO were also amended in 2023 after those in the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith. The article starts from the reasons for the reform of the Church's penal system. It goes on to outline the process that characterised the drafting of the new legislation on the basis of precise criteria. Finally, he highlights the major innovations contained in the two parts of the current Book VI of the CIC, presenting assessments of its aspects that are considered positive, but also criticisms on various points that, in the author's opinion, could be perfected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue du Nord is the property of Revue du Nord and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims at investigating the phenomenon of censoring and withholding translated books in Jordan. The source of data is a list of all banned translated books at Yarmouk University Library in Jordan (n = 60). The list was first analyzed and classified thematically. Qualitative data were obtained via semi-structured interviews with the librarians. When available, reference was made to the paratextual material of the withheld translated books. Moreover, the official website of the Jordan Media Commission was consulted to identify the factors that may contribute to censoring and blocking translated works in Jordan. The results show that librarians ban books for various religious, moral, social, political, and ideological reasons. Furthermore, it was revealed that censorship in Jordan is subjectively conducted and does not follow clear-cut rules and regulations. Finally, using paratextual elements in investigating the motives for censoring books proved to be an effective method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the massacre of peaceful Algerian demonstrators by French police on October 17, 1961, has been thoroughly studied by historians and is well known to the general public thanks to a sprawling corpus of novels, plays, songs, films, bandes dessinées, and other retrospective representations, to date there has been no careful archaeology of the event's original audiovisual archive from 1961. This article takes up that challenge in two stages: first, by identifying the photos and newsreel footage shot on the night of October 17, specifying the circumstances of their production, (non)distribution, and impact in the immediate aftermath of the massacre; second, by surveying how key elements of the original archive were recycled over the following sixty years to serve in turn as surrogates for and complements to other sources of knowledge about this infamous and long‐dissimulated crime d'état. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After tracing the evolution in meaning of the Greek word hairesis from ‘choice’ to ‘false belief’, this entry examines the criteria according to which a belief was judged to be heretical, either by particular controversialists or by bodies which purported to legislate on behalf of the Christian world. It argues that early appeals to scriptural warrant, tradition, and universal consensus were inevitably circular, while the edicts of ecumenical councils in the post-Constantinian era often leave much undetermined. The role of individual theologians in shaping modern notions of orthodoxy and its heretical antitypes is therefore examined, as is the use of legal coercion to solidify ecclesiastical boundaries. Nevertheless, it will be shown that there were numerous questions on which no ecumenical decisions had been reached before the eighth century, when consensus became inconceivable because of the growing estrangement between the Eastern and Western traditions. To say of professing Christians that they are heretics is not to say merely that they hold erroneous opinions (as a Scotist might say of a Thomist, for example), but to say that their opinions are so inconsistent with the fundamental teachings of the church as to imperil their salvation. It can be argued that no other religion has a concept perfectly corresponding to this, or at least that none has drawn the line between heresy and orthodoxy with such punitive and enduring rigour; certainly the church found no model for this in the cults and philosophies from which it drew its earliest neophytes. Even the Greek term hairesis, as we shall see, is not used of false doctrine either in the classical world or in the New Testament. In modern times, some scholars have leapt to the inference that the first churches were intellectual democracies, in which no teaching, so long as it spoke of Jesus, was deemed more Christian than another; the contrary, and once more familiar, claim that there has always been one recognized church catholic, which has always upheld the same orthodoxy and proscribed the same aberrations, is now more characteristic of popular than academic literature. The present inquiry is offered as a corrective to both positions, which will show on the one hand that even before the noun ‘heresy’ had acquired its modern sense, to hold one doctrine was to denounce another, and on the other hand that there may never have been a time when the clergy, let alone the laity, were of one mind in the identification of heresy, or even of the criteria by which a belief could be found to be inconsistent with membership of the body of Christ.

This study examines materials challenges in Canadian libraries as compiled by the Canadian Federation of Library Associations (CFLA) with the intention of identifying demographic trends in patron challenge behaviour. By cross-referencing the CFLA data with five demographic fields from the 2016 Canadian Census of Population (median age, city size, educational attainment level, median income, and political representation), the study aims to determine whether challenges of a certain nature are more likely to occur in communities with certain demographic profiles. The study identifies twenty-two challenge categories derived from user complaints and three ideological alignments of challenges based on the political ideology standards set by moral foundations theory. Though the available sample is too small to draw any definitive conclusions, some strong trends were apparent. The most common challenge types--challenges to racist content and sexual content--are fairly consistent throughout demographic groupings, but notable correlations were found between demographic profiles and challenges related to LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, and more) issues. Progressive-leaning communities were far more likely to challenge homophobic/transphobic materials while conservative-leaning communities challenged more LGBTQIA+-positive works. From an ideological standpoint, young communities tend to be the most progressive in their challenge behaviour, while communities with a low level of educational attainment tend to be the most conservative in their challenge behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the influence of the socio-political environment on the publication of the first translation into Catalan of Anne Frank's diary (Folch i Camarasa 1959), which had passages cut from the Spanish rendition in 1955. Based on two translations of the same text into two languages spoken in Spain, the analysis will center on the impact of the changes that occurred during the 1950s, characterized by a moderate "opening up." Attention will be drawn to the role played by the Catalonian publishing industry in reviving cultural production at a time when the voices of the Other were subject to strict control. The efforts to ensure that the book – penned by an author whose testimony pertained to a distant reality – was available in Catalan show the willingness to use translation to question the dominant hegemonic discourse. Furthermore, the text can be considered the initiator of the development undergone by the publishing sector in Catalonia starting in 1962. On the other hand, tolerance of this translation is to be explained because the Francoist regime had to adapt to the circumstances and make concessions to promote a positive international image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a study of the way Soviet authorities' discourses on music were received in France. The post-war period is very interesting in many aspects. The political landscape changed following Zhdanov and Stalin's deaths, and two decrees regarding music production were published in 1948 and 1958. The press bulletins of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as well as the journalistic and intellectual production with scholarly pretensions of the PCF inform us about the reception of Soviet music in the French public space. We understand the evolution of censorship in the USSR thanks to the discourse in France about the professional Soviet musician and about the Soviet opera. Since censorship in the USSR was not always controlled, it is appropriate to question the role of Soviet and French communist intellectuals. As such, we study socialist realism in music, but also the conflicts that the enforcement of such ideological principles produces. Moreover, although French sympathizers covered Soviet musical news extensively, we observe divergences of opinion resulting from the diversity of the editorial frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The attack on the written word is not new. It has happened many times through history, especially in modern times as the availability of books has grown so rapidly. It is most often in authoritarian regimes that books are deemed a potential threat, and the elimination of this threat a means to maintain control of a potentially rebellious population. Probably the most heinous of book banning and burnings occurred during Nazi rule, prior to and during the Second World War. To witness, recently, in the United States the ugly head book banning and their removal from libraries is a sad commentary on the state of some senior politicians, including Governors and Judicial leaders. Fortunately, there is vigorous opposition to these efforts and notable successes in the quest for universal access to the world of books. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Baudelaire en accusation : au premier abord, cette formule semble porter sur la manière dont Baudelaire a été censuré ainsi que sur les conséquences d'une telle censure sur son activité d'écrivain. Baudelaire en accusation voudrait dire ici : Baudelaire mis en accusation par la censure pour atteinte aux bonnes mœurs. Dans ce contexte, et au regard de l'histoire littéraire du dix-neuvième siècle, Baudelaire comme d'autres, Flaubert ou les Frères Goncourt par exemple, serait un écrivain à scandale méritant, pour les gardiens de cet ordre moral, une mise en accusation. Cette lecture reste toutefois naïve car elle sous-estime l'ambiguïté de la formule. En effet, « Baudelaire en accusation » cela ne veut pas dire « Baudelaire mis en accusation ». En disant « Baudelaire en accusation », en reste-t-on à l'idée d'un Baudelaire accusé de porter atteinte aux bonnes mœurs, ou d'un Baudelaire en situation de porter une accusation contre la pesanteur de l'ordre social et le conformisme intellectuel des critiques littéraires qui jugent son œuvre ? On peut aussi se demander si ce n'est pas l'œuvre de Baudelaire qui accuse métaphoriquement l'écrivain d'un échec, le fameux échec baudelairien commenté par Sartre et Blanchot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'ajout des «Tableaux parisiens» dans l'édition de 1861 des Fleurs du Mal peut être compris comme une réponse de Baudelaire à ses accusateurs lors du procès dont il a été victime à l'occasion de la première publication des Fleurs du Mal. La notion de «fleurs du mal» s'en trouve changée et concerne désormais aussi le monde bourgeois, capitaliste et colonialiste qui a mis en scène ce procès, tandis que la Ville Lumière, Paris, apparaît pleine de boue. Ce mouvement de retournement contre ses accusateurs sera plus tard repris par Aimé Césaire dans le Cahier du retour au pays natal, qui, en abordant lui aussi la boue qui a envahi les Antilles colonisées, remet en question l'hypocrise que dénonçait Baudelaire dans le premier poème des Fleurs du Mal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

À sa mort, Baudelaire laissait une œuvre en partie inachevée. Malgré le titre général d'Œuvres complètes donné par Banville et Asselineau à l'édition de l'œuvre poétique, critique, et des traductions d'Edgar Poe (1868–1870), nombre de textes avaient été écartés en raison de leur inachèvement ou de leur violence ; il s'agissait d'imposer durablement l'œuvre d'un poète méconnu. Par la suite, les éditeurs de Baudelaire (comme Eugène Crépet, en 1887), tout en révélant des textes écartés des Œuvres complètes, fragments posthumes ou correspondance, censurèrent les éléments qui pouvaient heurter le lecteur. L'intégralité des Journaux intimes, titre imposé par Eugène Crépet, ne sera livrée au public qu'en 1952. La publication de lettres de Baudelaire à sa mère, totalement censurée, sera retardée jusqu'en 1917, année où la Revue de Paris en livra une partie. Jacques Crépet, qui en donna, en 1918 et en 1926, une version améliorée et complétée, ne publia qu'avec précautions les lettres à Mme Aupick du 27 février 1858, où Baudelaire laisse éclater sa colère contre Ancelle. La durable et tenace hostilité des critiques fait comprendre l'intérêt de la censure stratégique pratiquée par les éditeurs de Baudelaire pendant trois quarts de siècle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le poème « Les Bijoux » de Charles Baudelaire, condamné par la censure du Second Empire, invite le lecteur à assister à un défilé d'images concernant une femme de couleur brune, ornée de bijoux et fardée, qui offre au regard spectateur sa nudité en dansant. La fascination érotique s'exprime par une dynamique poétique qui crée un vaste espace de références littéraires et picturales évoquant des scènes érotiques (Les Bijoux indiscrets de Diderot, le Cantique des Cantiques, l'odalisque peinte par Delacroix, Antiope peinte par Le Corrège) tout en ayant pour but de créer un « nouveau dessin » poétique. Celui-ci consiste en premier lieu en un accouplement des formes corporelles masculines et féminines et, en second lieu, en une projection de reflets fluides en mouvement qui rappellent le procédé de la phantasmagorie. Au niveau textuel, cette fluidité de la forme correspond à un art des mots critique et subversif qui sous l'exposition superficielle du corps fait voir le voyeurisme, le principe économique, l'assujettissement de la femme nue et du moi lyrique essayant de se libérer des images de convention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In terms of canonical penalties the new Book VI of the Code of Canon Law, which came into force on 8 December 2021, includes significant differences with respect to the 1983 edition. There is a clearer and more detailed presentation of censures and expiatory penalties, with new effects and possibilities among the former, and a number of new penalties among the latter. The number of optional penalties is decreased, which is likewise true of indeterminate penalties - or such indeterminacy is limited in ways that favor the imposition of expiatory sentences. Overall, there would appear to be a hardening of criminal law, leaving less room for the possibility that the judicial sentence be censure, which canon law acknowledges as fostering repentance, amendment and reparation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gourguen Mahari (1903–1969) est l’un des écrivains les plus marquants de la littérature de l’Arménie soviétique. Dans sa jeunesse, il participa activement aux mouvements intellectuels de la capitale, brièvement présentés dans ce travail, avant de tomber en disgrâce, en 1936, et d’être déporté dans les camps du Goulag, d’où il ne put rentrer qu’après la mort de Staline. Cet article porte sur Barbelés en fleurs, une œuvre écrite en 1965 et issue des longues années passées par l’écrivain dans les camps. Censurée en Arménie soviétique, elle fut publiée pour la première fois en diaspora (Beyrouth et Paris), en 1971–1973, et seulement en 1988 en Arménie, dans le contexte de la perestroïka. Cet article analyse les plans narratifs de Barbelés en fleurs et les procédés d’écriture employés par Mahari en les comparant avec les choix d’écriture adoptés par d’autres écrivains, non arméniens, pour « écrire les camps ». Une lecture croisée avec une deuxième œuvre majeure de Mahari, Vergers en feu, sur l’autodéfense de la ville de Van en 1915, s’est révélée fondamentale. Dans les deux ouvrages, l’auteur fait recours au dialogisme et à la réfraction pour faire entendre une pluralité de voix et de perspectives. L’article rappelle aussi quelques aspects des interdictions qui ont frappé la littérature arméno-soviétique, non seulement au nom de l’idéologie du Parti, mais aussi du discours officiel arménien sur l’histoire de la libération des Arméniens de l’Empire ottoman. La censure arménienne ne pardonna pas à Mahari d’avoir montré le mouvement révolutionnaire arménien, dans Vergers en feu, sous l’angle de la déshéroïsation et de la désacralisation.

L’appel à la Glasnost de Gorbatchev a permis de revisiter les « pages blanches » de l’histoire, en particulier celles de la période stalinienne en Arménie comme dans le reste de l’URSS. Dans cette république, la première à déboulonner la statue de Lénine (13 avril 1991), ce nouveau Dégel a été l’occasion d’une critique de la politique des nationalités du régime en matière territoriale (la revendication de rattachement du Haut-Karabagh) et culturelle (l’effacement du passé national et de l’identité). Publié dans la revue libérale Garoun [Printemps], en avril 1991, quelques mois avant la déclaration d’indépendance et la fin de l’URSS, cet article de David Gasparian rappelle à travers une liste – non exhaustive – quelle fut la littérature interdite par la censure lors de la Grande Terreur. Tirée des archives, la liste offre un échantillon des œuvres considérées comme dangereuses pour la censure : des classiques, y compris ceux empreints d’idéaux progressistes, sinon socialistes, du XIXe siècle, aux écrits révolutionnaires des partisans ralliés au nouveau régime. L’article montre aussi la ligne sinueuse des directives du Parti, que les censeurs n’arrivent pas toujours à suivre, au risque d’être eux-mêmes victimes des purges. La chronologie des rééditions de ces œuvres en Arménie constitue un baromètre politique. Les rééditions à l’étranger permettent d’établir la cartographie des communautés de la diaspora où l’héritage littéraire fut préservé. Le nombre de ces rééditions et des traductions laisse entrevoir la réception de cette littérature.

Copyright of XVIIe Siècle is the property of Presses Universitaires de France and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the poem "Abre-te boca e proclaima", from the book Lira Paulistana (1945), by Mário de Andrade, this article analyzes the relationship between intellectual production and censorship in the Vargas era, as one of the echoes of the Second World War in the Brazilian context. The Vargas era was marked by an authoritarian government that resorted to censorship and propaganda to maintain its populist political functioning, by coopting intellectuals to make up the civil service. Exercising a dual function, many authors used different artifices to publish their works or made use of different forms of silencing to reconcile their functions, as the State was also the possible way to achieve the collective good. Thus, literary writing needed caution and wisdom to be, at the same time, a weapon against the Vargas government, and a path to the democratization of culture in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of The Iraqi University is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)