1. Host and pathogen hyaluronan signal through human siglec-9 to suppress neutrophil activation
- Author
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Secundino, Ismael, Lizcano, Anel, Roupé, K Markus, Wang, Xiaoxia, Cole, Jason N, Olson, Joshua, Ali, S Raza, Dahesh, Samira, Amayreh, Lenah K, Henningham, Anna, Varki, Ajit, and Nizet, Victor
- Subjects
Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry ,Chemical Sciences ,Clinical Research ,Emerging Infectious Diseases ,Infectious Diseases ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,1.1 Normal biological development and functioning ,2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment ,Animals ,Antigens ,CD ,Apoptosis ,Bacteria ,Chemotaxis ,Leukocyte ,Extracellular Traps ,Gene Expression ,Host-Pathogen Interactions ,Humans ,Hyaluronic Acid ,Immunity ,Innate ,Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments ,Molecular Weight ,Neutrophil Activation ,Neutrophils ,Protein Binding ,Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ,Recombinant Fusion Proteins ,Respiratory Burst ,Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins ,Streptococcus ,CD33-related Siglecs ,Hyaluronan ,Group A Streptococcus ,Immunology ,Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry - Abstract
UnlabelledInhibitory CD33-related Siglec receptors regulate immune cell activation upon engaging ubiquitous sialic acids (Sias) on host cell surface glycans. Through molecular mimicry, Sia-expressing pathogen group B Streptococcus binds inhibitory human Siglec-9 (hSiglec-9) to blunt neutrophil activation and promote bacterial survival. We unexpectedly discovered that hSiglec-9 also specifically binds high molecular weight hyaluronan (HMW-HA), another ubiquitous host glycan, through a region of its terminal Ig-like V-set domain distinct from the Sia-binding site. HMW-HA recognition by hSiglec-9 limited neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, oxidative burst, and apoptosis, defining HMW-HA as a regulator of neutrophil activation. However, the pathogen group A Streptococcus (GAS) expresses a HMW-HA capsule that engages hSiglec-9, blocking NET formation and oxidative burst, thereby promoting bacterial survival. Thus, a single inhibitory lectin receptor detects two distinct glycan "self-associated molecular patterns" to maintain neutrophil homeostasis, and two leading human bacterial pathogens have independently evolved molecular mimicry to exploit this immunoregulatory mechanism.Key messageHMW-HA is the first example of a non-sialic acid containing glycan to be recognized by CD33-related Siglecs. HMW-HA engagement of hSiglec-9 attenuates neutrophil activation. Group A Streptococcus exploits hSiglec-9 recognition via its polysaccharide HMW-HA capsule to subvert neutrophil killing.
- Published
- 2016