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Copyright of Brazilian Business Law Journal / Administração de Empresas em Revista is the property of Administracao de Empresas em Revista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Jurídica (0103-3506) is the property of Revista Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Jurídica (0103-3506) is the property of Revista Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Catalana de Dret Ambiental is the property of Universitat Rovira I Virgili and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Jurídica (0103-3506) is the property of Revista Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Jurídica (0103-3506) is the property of Revista Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Catalana de Dret Ambiental is the property of Universitat Rovira I Virgili and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Políticas Públicas is the property of Revista Brasileira de Politicas Publicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Jurídica (0103-3506) is the property of Revista Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Campo Jurídico is the property of Revista Campo Juridico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research had the objective of analyzing the legislative opinions regarding the proposed amendment of Law no. 11.105 / 2005 (Biosafety Law) that conforms the Draft Law °? (CRA), the Committee on the Environment (CMA), the Committee on Science, Technology, Innovation, Communication and Information Technology (CCT) and in the Committee on Social Affairs (CAS) - all within the scope of the Federal Senate. As a complementary objective, it sought to identify, on the one hand, the possible consequences of this legislative change to biotechnology companies, small producers and small businessmen and, on the other hand, potential violations of consumer rights. The conclusion reached was that the proposal deprecates the constitutional right of information and the precautionary principle. As regards the first, according to the terms of the proposal, the food consumer will not be informed of the possible presence of genetically modified organisms if they are less than 1% of the total composition of the product; in addition, it will not receive information that would be expected to be broad and adequate on food labels whose composition has a concentration higher than that limit, leaving no real conditions for a mature choice as to the consumption of these foods. Regarding the lack of precaution, there is no conclusive scientific analysis on the impacts of genetically modified foods, whether harmful or beneficial, on human health; it should be added that transgenics have different biological consequences and consequences, depending on who ingests the food, which is why it is even more important for the consumer to be able to consciously choose foodstuffs that may contain transgenics. The research also concludes that the legal proposal that allows the small farmer and the small business owner to mention the non-use of genetically modified organisms in their products is innocuous and ineffective, since the analysis necessary to prove the composition of the food produced generates costs that are passed on to the consumer, violating free competition. The methodology used, as far as the means, was of the deductive and descriptive methods, through doctrinal, bibliographical and legal analysis. As for the purposes, the research was qualitative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Percurso is the property of Revista Percurso and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this research is to analyze the criteria used to approve tax incentives for agrochemical companies, as a specific objective to analyze the tax incentives granted to companies, the process and criteria for approval of pesticides, to verify the current scenario and which public policies are being implemented, whether the right to healthy food is being observed in accordance with current legislation and enforcement agencies, what is the repercussion of the use of pesticides on the environment, on crops, and what are the consequences of the use of pesticides in health of the population. The methodology used in this research regarding the means was developed through the deductive, descriptive and qualitative method, through the doctrinal, bibliographical and jurisprudential analysis. As for the purposes, the research was qualitative. It is concluded that tax incentives are unjustifiable, since the concession of these benefits do not follow objective criteria, there is a true feudal relation of the Brazilian State and the transnational companies producing agrochemicals, the Brazilian agribusiness is totally dependent on the use of these chemicals, this dependence creates a true slavish relationship, the discourse used to grant tax benefits is that agrotoxicology increases agricultural production by generating jobs and economic development, but public policies regarding pesticides are dubious and obscure, there is no transparency in the the lack of objective criteria is detrimental to the Brazilian economy, since there is a reduction in tax revenues, money that could be invested in other areas, increase the profit margin of companies, creates unfair competition between food and contamination of the environment, rural workers and the population in an indirect way, and the negative externalities that the State will have to pay for the indiscriminate and prolonged use of agrochemicals do not enter into the criteria for granting fiscal benefits. The solution will be to change criteria for the use of pesticides, transparency in the process of contemplating exemptions, valuation of natural foods and family farming, informing the population of the harmful effects of pesticides, and breaking the paradigm of dependence on agrochemicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research aims to present a parallel approach between the fundamental human right to food, as the main basic need of peripheral countries, in relation to transgenic food produced and the eradication of hunger. One can not forget the importance of trade, which is also caused by surplus food production and free enterprise, as a democratic economy linked to sustainable development and the economic development of agriculture. The methodology used was the dialectical method, based on bibliographical and qualitative research, in a multidisciplinary way, analyzing doctrine and jurisprudence. Ownership, now an integrating instrument for land distribution through Agrarian Reform, and its inclusion in the legal system, since the State has always been the main landowner. The influence of the Federal Constitution of 1988 that included as its foundations the dignity of the human person that consubstantiates in the eradication of poverty and the national development, as fundamental objectives. Emphasis is also placed on free enterprise in the chapter on Economic and Financial Order. Unfolding these constitutional norms, the National Biosafety Law emerges. Also reflecting the importance of free initiative for economic development and elimination of social inequalities, warning of the use of transgenic foods, looking at the natural environment and its forms, as well as human health. It was concluded that the fulfillment of man's happiness is only done with social justice. The advent of biotechnology with transgenic food to save the population from the dread of hunger that was plaguing the world, facing overpopulation. The dangers of the use of transgenic food by the lack of adequate information for consumers, its side effects. Aiming only at the profit, leaving a false economic development, food insecurity and maintenance of poverty. It is therefore necessary to align economic development and sustainable development and sustainable development, and fundamental human rights. The maintenance of the human species is imperative, since the right to food is a universal fundamental right. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research was to consider the possibility of abolishing the mandatory labeling of transgenic foods, evaluating the principles of the company's social function, precaution and consumer protection, especially regarding its right to information. The methodology used in this research was that of the deductive method and, in terms of means, the research was bibliographical, with the aid of doctrine and legislation. As for the ends, it was a qualitative research. It was concluded that there are several discourses favorable to transgenics, mainly by the agroindustrial sector and government entities that establish partnerships and receive funds from companies related to the sector. These researches conclude that the innovative techniques used in the production of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are able to produce more food, with quality, at a lower cost and with less area of cultivation. The companies involved with transgenics claim that these innovations seek socioeconomic and environmental development and, consequently, they comply with the principle of the social function provided for in the Constitution. Despite this, there is significant resistance from society against transgenic foods, since these arguments lack more unanimous scientific evidence. Mainly because there are other studies carried out by independent institutions that warn of the emergence of new allergies and intolerances, in proportions of pandemic, and even cancer, associated with the consumption of these foods. Thus, faced with an undeniable impasse, the interested sector, seeking the loss of the obligatory labeling of transgenic foods, starts to speculate the existence of a supposed ideology against transgenics. However, even without going into the heart of the discussion of the positive or negative effects of transgenics, it can be seen that this exoneration conflicts head-on with the precautionary principle. In addition, it represents a social retrogression, as it also offends a fundamental right, that of consumer protection, above all, to be informed and to be able to exercise their freedom of choice for products that are not genetically modified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Jurídica (0103-3506) is the property of Revista Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Law & International Relations / Relações Internacionais no Mundo is the property of Relacoes Internacionais no Mundo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Current research analyzes the hermeneutic interpretation of the Supreme Court of Justice with regard to the broadness of the constitutional principle of confiscation prohibition. Decisions retrieved from the Supreme Court site between October 1988 and January 2018 are investigated. Judgments related to the theme were pinpointed and the main arguments and the number of favorable and unfavorable decisions were identified. Induction and bibliographical and documental research were employed. Results show that demands against the confiscation bar are few when compared to other tributary issues. Further, the norms on the application of fines do not violate the principle under analysis. In fact, 64% of decisions were favorable to the public enterprise. In fact, juridical positivism still affects decisions even though there are other means for novel discussions with other demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research was to demonstrate the extrafiscal function from PROPERTY TAXES-property tax of motor vehicle-applied to the protection of the environment and make a comparison between of Amazonas (absence of legislation) and Rio de Janeiro (which has already implemented the "Green IPVA") and of Rio de Janeiro (which has already implemented the "Green IPVA"). It is concluded that the Amazonian legislation is out of date not only because of the lack of incentives for less polluting vehicles, but also because of the concession of benefits to those that emit more harmful gases to the atmospheric air and that the Rio legislation has adapted to the environmental theme. The methodology used in this research was that of the deductive, descriptive and qualitative method, through the doctrinal and bibliographic analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theme of environmental preservation is recurrent in international concern about the climatic impacts that humanity has faced. The gradual increase of the global temperature is an important factor to be considered when analyzing any aspect of the environment, especially with regard to the healthy quality of life. In this sense, the objective of this research is to verify the possibility of the auxiliary tax law in the institute of Environmental sustainability and addressing the ICMS tax under the ecological bias, within the scope of the State of Amazonas. It is concluded that the ICMS-Ecological calls for positive behaviors on the part of the municipal power that can, through Environmental Education, stimulate positive behaviors of the citizens of the State of Amazonas, generating environmental protection and, consequently, improvement of the quality of life in the State. The deductive method was used, how many to the means the research was the bibliographical and, how many to the ends, qualitative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Jurídica (0103-3506) is the property of Revista Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Jurídica (0103-3506) is the property of Revista Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)