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1,316 results on '"Buxton, Jane"'

1. Management of Amphetamine and Methamphetamine Use Disorders: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials

Author

Khalili, Malahat, Sadeghirad, Behnam, Bach, Paxton, Crabtree, Alexis, Javadi, Sara, Sadeghi, Erfan, Moradi, Sara, Mirzayeh Fashami, Fatemeh, Nakhaeizadeh, Mehran, Salehi, Sahar, Sofi-Mahmudi, Ahmad, Nasiri, Naser, Mehmandoost, Soheil, Moallef, Soroush, Langeroodi, Shahryar Moradi Falah, Moe, Jessica, Lysyshyn, Mark, Werb, Dan, Buxton, Jane A., and Karamouzian, Mohammad

Published
2024
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7. An emergency-department-initiated outreach program for patients with opioid use disorder is associated with an increase in agonist therapy and engagement in addictions care: a one-year cohort study

Author

Lakkadghatwala, Rukaiyah, Lane, Daniel, Scheuermeyer, Frank, Hilburt, Jesse, Buxton, Jane, Johnson, Cheyenne, Nolan, Seonaid, Sutherland, Christy, Moe, Jessica, Daoust, Raoul, Dong, Kathryn, Christenson, Jim, Miles, Isabelle, Orkin, Aaron, Whyte, Madelyn, and Kestler, Andrew

Published
2024
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11. The Cannabis-Dependent Relationship Between Methadone Treatment Dose and Illicit Opioid Use in a Community-Based Cohort of People Who Use Drugs.

Author

Lake, Stephanie, Kerr, Thomas, Buxton, Jane, Walsh, Zach, Cooper, Ziva, Socías, M, Fairbairn, Nadia, Hayashi, Kanna, and Milloy, M-J

Subjects
cannabis, cohort study, methadone, opioid agonist treatment, opioid use disorder, opioids, Humans, Adolescent, Methadone, Analgesics, Opioid, Cannabis, Opiate Substitution Treatment, Opioid-Related Disorders, Narcotics, Hallucinogens, Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Cannabinoids
Abstract

Background: Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is an effective treatment for opioid use disorder. However, subtherapeutic dosing may lead to continued opioid use by failing to suppress opioid withdrawal and craving. Preclinical and pilot experimental research suggests that cannabinoids may reduce opioid withdrawal and craving. We sought to test whether the association between low methadone dose and illicit opioid use differs according to concurrent cannabis use patterns. Methods: Data for this study were derived from two community-recruited cohorts of people (≥18 years old) who use illicit drugs in Vancouver, Canada. We used generalized estimating equations to estimate the adjusted association between lower daily MMT dose (

Published
2023

12. Methadone Dose, Cannabis Use, and Treatment Retention: Findings From a Community-based Sample of People Who Use Unregulated Drugs.

Author

Lake, Stephanie, Buxton, Jane, Walsh, Zach, Cooper, Ziva, Socías, M, Fairbairn, Nadia, Hayashi, Kanna, and Milloy, M-J

Subjects
Humans, Methadone, Cannabis, Analgesics, Opioid, Opiate Substitution Treatment, Prospective Studies, Opioid-Related Disorders
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Lower daily methadone dose is negatively associated with retention in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). Cannabis use during MMT is common, with many patients reporting its use for opioid withdrawal mitigation. We sought to test whether the association between lower MMT dose and treatment retention differs by concurrent high-frequency cannabis use in a community sample of people on MMT. METHODS: We obtained data from participants initiating MMT in 2 community-recruited prospective cohorts of people who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada. We built multivariable Cox frailty models to estimate the relationships between MMT dose ( 0.05). Structural factors including homelessness and incarceration were significantly and positively associated with treatment discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS: Although we previously found the magnitude and strength of the relationship between lower MMT dose and high-frequency unregulated opioid use to be tempered during high-frequency cannabis use periods, this effect measure modification does not appear to translate to time retained in treatment. Cannabis-based interventions to promote retention in MMT are unlikely to produce long-term benefit without addressing external factors that place MMT patients at increased risk of treatment discontinuation.

Published
2023

20. Document d'orientation sur la distribution et l'utilisation de trousses de naloxone a emporter par les intervenants et intervenantes communautaires en cas de surdose au Canada

Author

Ferguson, Max, Rittenbach, Katherine, Leece, Pamela, Adams, Alison, Ali, Farihah, Elton-Marshall, Tara, Burmeister, Charlene, Brothers, Thomas D., Medley, Andrea, Choisil, Paul, Strike, Carol, Ng, Justin, Lorenzetti, Diane L., Gallant, Kat, and Buxton, Jane A.

Subjects
Naloxone, Health
Abstract

Contexte: La toxicite croissante des opioides dans le marche illicite des drogues a fait exploser le nombre de surdoses au Canada et ailleurs dans le monde; le programme de naloxone a emporter (NaE) est une intervention fondee sur des donnees probantes qui consiste a distribuer des trousses contenant de la naloxone aux membres de la communaute susceptibles d'etre temoins d'une surdose. L'objectif du present document d'orientation est de formuler des recommandations strategiques a l'intention des programmes federaux, provinciaux et territoriaux de NaE, en s'appuyant sur des donnees probantes issues de la documentation scientifique, de la litterature grise et des communautes, a la lumiere de 11 annees de distribution de NaE au Canada. Methodes: Le groupe d'elaboration des documents d'orientation sur la naloxone, une equipe multidisciplinaire composee de personnes ayant une expertise et une experience vecue en matiere de toxicomanie, a applique l'outil AGREE II (Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation) afin d'eclairer l'elaboration du present document d'orientation. En vue de l'elaboration de nos recommandations, nous avons procede entre decembre 2021 et septembre 2022 a une revue systematique de tous les types d'ouvrages dans le but de recueillir les donnees probantes publiees, ainsi que les donnees probantes et l'expertise issues de la communaute. Nous avons sollicite des commentaires sur nos recommandations preliminaires par le biais d'un comite de revision externe et d'un processus de participation du public. Le projet a ete finance par les Instituts de recherche en sante du Canada dans le cadre de l'Initiative canadienne de recherche sur l'abus de substances (ICRAS). Nous avons applique les principes du Reseau international en matiere de lignes directrices (Guidelines International Network) pour gerer les interets concurrents. Recommandations: Les donnees probantes existantes issues de la documentation sur la NaE etaient de faible qualite. Pour elaborer nos recommandations, nous avons incorpore des donnees probantes tirees de la documentation scientifique et de la litterature grise, ainsi que l'expertise de la communaute. Nos recommandations portent sur 3 volets: les voies d'administration de la naloxone, le contenu des trousses de NaE et les interventions en cas de situations de surdose. Les trousses distribuees par les programmes de naloxone a emporter doivent offrir le choix entre les preparations intramusculaire et intranasale. Le contenu recommande de la trousse comprend la naloxone, un dispositif d'administration de la naloxone, un equipement de protection individuelle, des instructions et un etui de transport. Les intervenants et intervenantes communautaires formes a la reponse aux surdoses doivent prioriser la respiration artificielle en cas de depression respiratoire, et la reanimation cardiorespiratoire (RCR) conventionnelle en cas d'arret cardiaque, entre autres interventions. Interpretation: Ce projet d'elaboration d'un document d'orientation vise a guider les programmes de NaE au Canada dans un contexte ou les donnees probantes publiees sont rares; les recommandations ont ete elaborees en collaboration avec diverses parties prenantes., Les opioides soulagent la douleur et causent de l'euphorie en se fixant aux recepteurs opioides p dans le cerveau. Une personne qui absorbe une dose d'opioides (illegaux ou d'ordonnance) qui [...]

Published
2023
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29. Undergraduate Students' Perspectives on the Impact of a Prison Health Course

Author

Cameron, Rose B., McLeod, Katherine E., Donnelly, Leeann, Buxton, Jane A., and Elwood Martin, Ruth

Abstract

Objective: The stigmatisation of incarceration has significant negative effects on the health and well-being of individuals and communities. At the University of British Columbia in Canada, an undergraduate course on prison health included instruction by people with lived experience of incarceration as part of a teaching approach aimed to reduce stigma. In this study, we sought to understand the impact of this course as described by students. Design: Qualitative interviews with students who completed the course in 2017 were conducted by another former student of the course. Interviews were transcribed and interpretive descriptive methods were used to elucidate findings. Results: Nine former students participated in the study, eight (89%) were women and the median age was 23 years. Analysis yielded the following themes: (1) learning from people with lived experience, (2) de-mystifying through knowledge and understanding, (3) broadened perspectives and self-reflection, (4) future choices and actions and (5) changing views on incarceration. Conclusion: Findings suggest that approaches to address stigma in teaching prison health in an undergraduate course provided students with a deepened understanding of health inequities and determinants of health; increased feelings of compassion and interest in health equity for populations impacted by incarceration; and fostered opportunities for reflection, critical thinking and broadened perspectives.

Published
2021
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32. Frequency of cannabis and illicit opioid use among people who use drugs and report chronic pain: A longitudinal analysis.

Author

Lake, Stephanie, Walsh, Zach, Kerr, Thomas, Cooper, Ziva D, Buxton, Jane, Wood, Evan, Ware, Mark A, and Milloy, MJ

Subjects
Humans, Cannabis, Pain, Opioid-Related Disorders, Analgesics, Analgesics, Opioid, Longitudinal Studies, Prospective Studies, Marijuana Smoking, Adult, Middle Aged, Canada, Female, Male, Pain Management, Chronic Pain, Medical Marijuana, Opioid, Pain Research, Clinical Research, Drug Abuse, Neurosciences, Substance Abuse, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Medical and Health Sciences, General & Internal Medicine
Abstract

BACKGROUND:Ecological research suggests that increased access to cannabis may facilitate reductions in opioid use and harms, and medical cannabis patients describe the substitution of opioids with cannabis for pain management. However, there is a lack of research using individual-level data to explore this question. We aimed to investigate the longitudinal association between frequency of cannabis use and illicit opioid use among people who use drugs (PWUD) experiencing chronic pain. METHODS AND FINDINGS:This study included data from people in 2 prospective cohorts of PWUD in Vancouver, Canada, who reported major or persistent pain from June 1, 2014, to December 1, 2017 (n = 1,152). We used descriptive statistics to examine reasons for cannabis use and a multivariable generalized linear mixed-effects model to estimate the relationship between daily (once or more per day) cannabis use and daily illicit opioid use. There were 424 (36.8%) women in the study, and the median age at baseline was 49.3 years (IQR 42.3-54.9). In total, 455 (40%) reported daily illicit opioid use, and 410 (36%) reported daily cannabis use during at least one 6-month follow-up period. The most commonly reported therapeutic reasons for cannabis use were pain (36%), sleep (35%), stress (31%), and nausea (30%). After adjusting for demographic characteristics, substance use, and health-related factors, daily cannabis use was associated with significantly lower odds of daily illicit opioid use (adjusted odds ratio 0.50, 95% CI 0.34-0.74, p < 0.001). Limitations of the study included self-reported measures of substance use and chronic pain, and a lack of data for cannabis preparations, dosages, and modes of administration. CONCLUSIONS:We observed an independent negative association between frequent cannabis use and frequent illicit opioid use among PWUD with chronic pain. These findings provide longitudinal observational evidence that cannabis may serve as an adjunct to or substitute for illicit opioid use among PWUD with chronic pain.

Published
2019

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