35 results on '"Braccini, T"'
Search Results
2. Gli enigmi di Pistoia: Sabatino Ferrali e le antichità cittadine
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Braccini, T.
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Sabatino Ferrali, Pistoia, archeologia ,Pistoia ,Sabatino Ferrali ,archeologia - Published
- 2018
3. An apple between folktales, rumors, and novellas: Malalas 14.8 and its oriental parallels
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Braccini, T.
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Vikramacarita ,Malalas, Eudocia, Theodosius II, Apple, Folktale, Arabian Nights, Vikramacarita, Rumors ,Apple ,Rumors ,Malalas ,Eudocia ,Folktale ,Theodosius II ,Arabian Nights - Published
- 2018
4. Appunti su Lamia: per il ritratto di un mostro
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Braccini, T.
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Machon ,ogre ,Psellus ,Lamia ,Lamia, Psellus, Machon, ogre - Published
- 2018
5. La Descriptio orbis Romani attribuita a Giorgio Ciprio: una messa a punto e qualche nuova proposta
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Braccini, T.
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- 2017
6. Pistoia negli scritti degli antichi: qualche nuova riflessione
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Braccini, T.
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Synekdemos, Georgius Cyprius, Byzantine Italy ,Byzantine Italy ,Synekdemos ,Georgius Cyprius - Published
- 2017
7. Leone Allacci
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Braccini, T.
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- 2017
8. Piatto del giorno: rane. Una nota a Luciano, Verae historiae 1.23
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Braccini, T.
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Lucian, Verae historiae, folklore, frogs, supernatural beings ,Lucian ,Verae historiae ,folklore ,frogs ,supernatural beings - Published
- 2017
9. L’imperatore e il drago: una leggenda di Trebisonda
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Braccini, T.
- Subjects
Saint Eugenios ,folklore ,Trebizond ,dragon ,Trebizond, dragon, folklore, Saint Eugenios - Published
- 2017
10. Peripherein ton daimona: la voce del ventriloquo
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Braccini, T.
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- 2014
11. Orfeo, Publio e l'erebinthos di Damascio: ancora sulla fortuna delle 'teste profetiche'
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Braccini, T.
- Published
- 2012
12. Il romanzo di Costantinopoli. Guida letteraria alla Roma d’Oriente
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Ronchey, Silvia, Braccini, T., Ronchey, Silvia, and T., Braccini
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Costantinopoli, Ippodromo / Atmeydanı, Obelisco di Tutmosi III, Colonna serpentina, Colosso, Basilica di Santa Sofia / Ayasofya, Augusteo, Statua equestre di Giustiniano, Toupha, Gran Palazzo, Mouchroutas, Cenurgio, Magnaura, Triclini imperiali, Crisotriclinio, Triclinio di Giustiniano, Triclinio dei Diciannove Letti, Triclinio della Perla, Chiesa del Faro, Nea Ekklesia, Chalke, Colonna dei Goti, Complesso di San Giorgio ai Mangani, Hagiasma della Trasfigurazione (San Salvatore), Torre di Leandro / Kız Kulesi, Chiesa di Sant’Irene, Chiesa dell’Odighitria, Cappella del Faro, Boukoleon, Basilica dei Santi Sergio e Bacco, Mura marittime, Monastero della Peribleptos, Monastero di Studio, Colonna di Teodosio, Colonna di Arcadio, Cisterna Basilica, Palazzo di Lauso, Cisterna delle Mille e una Colonna / Binbirderek, Foro di Costantino, Colonna Bruciata, Colonna di Marciano, Acquedotto di Valente, Basilica dei Santi Apostoli, Sarcofagi imperiali, Colonna della Vergine, Monastero del Pantokrator, Corno d’Oro / Chrysokeras, Galata, Pera, Chiesa di Santa Teodosia / Gül Camii, Quartiere del Fanario, Chiesa patriarcale di San Giorgio, Chiesa di Santa Maria dei Mongoli / Chiesa della Panagia Mouchliotissa / Mog˘olların Azize Meryem Ana Kilisesi / Kanlı Kilise, Monastero della Pammakaristos, Quartiere di Balat, Monastero di Chora, Chiesa di San Salvatore in Chora / Kariye Camii, Palazzo delle Blacherne, Hagiasma di Balıklı, Palazzo del Porfirogenito / Tekfur Sarayı, Mura di terra, Porta Caligaria / Egri Kapı, Porta Charisii / Edirne Kapı (Porta di Adrianopoli ), Pempton / Porta militare di San Romano / Top Kapı, Porta Rhegiou / Porta Polyandriou / Mevlana Kapı, Porta della Sorgente / Silivri Kapı, Porta di Xylokerkos / Belgrat Kapı, Porta d’Oro, Yedikule / Castello delle Sette Torri, Zoodochos Pege /Balıklı - Abstract
Il romanzo di Costantinopoli raccoglie e traduce, in molti casi per la prima volta in lingua moderna, un vasto (ca. 1000 pp.) insieme di testimonianze su Costantinopoli e sui suoi monumenti bizantini, tradotte a partire dalle edizioni normative di riferimento. Si tratta di centocinquanta tra poeti, viaggiatori, filosofi, esploratori, eruditi, pellegrini, avventurieri di ogni nazionalità ed epoca, dal IV secolo fino all'epoca contemporanea. Da Procopio a Le Corbusier, da Paolo Silenziario a Osip Mandel’stam, da Psello a Dos Passos, da Anna Comnena a Flaubert, da Ibn Battuta a Gide, da Gilles a Loti, da Grelot a Melville, da Andersen a Cocteau, da Chateaubriand a Fermor, da De Amicis a Marc Twain, da Byron a Yeats, da Nerval a Pamuk, narrazioni e descrizioni si snodano attraverso la Roma d’oriente in dieci percorsi, componendo un itinerario topografico che è anche un viaggio nel tempo e nei segreti dell’eredità storica, artistica e culturale di Bisanzio. Ogni percorso è preceduto da un’introduzione ai monumenti e ai siti, aggiornata secondo le più recenti acquisizioni della topografia, dell’archeologia e della storia dell'arte bizantine, ed è illustrato da una mappa-itinerario, che fornisce anche indicazioni precise per rintracciare i luoghi nel labirinto dell’antica Città. Completano il volume – corredato inoltre da più di centocinquanta immagini tra disegni, incisioni, foto d’epoca e mappe – un apparato di note, un’aggiornata bibliografia e un supplemento biografico con i profili di tutti gli autori menzionati.
- Published
- 2010
13. Un frammento dell’editio princeps di Omero conservato presso l’Archivio di Stato di Pistoia
- Author
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Braccini, T
- Published
- 2005
14. “MENTAL TRAINING WITH SCHIZOPHRENICS TO ASSOCIATIONS AND CREATIVE POWER USING VISUAL TESTS.”
- Author
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GIACOMONI, F., primary, RICQ, O., additional, ELLUL, E., additional, BRACCINI, T., additional, and DARCOURT, G., additional
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- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Effect of symptoms on the assessment of social functioning: comparison between Axis V of DSM III-R and the Psychosocial Aptitude Rating Scale
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Robert, P, primary, Aubin, V, additional, Dumarcet, M, additional, Braccini, T, additional, Souêtre, E, additional, and Darcourt, G, additional
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- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. The Meningococcal ABC-Type <scp>l</scp> -Glutamate Transporter GltT Is Necessary for the Development of Experimental Meningitis in Mice
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Cecilia Bucci, Giancarlo Troncone, Caterina Pagliarulo, Marcella Cintorino, Roberta Colicchio, Donatella Montanaro, Gianni Pozzi, Pietro Alifano, Adelfia Talà, Velia Braione, Sergio Tripodi, Chiara Pagliuca, Carmelo B. Bruni, Florentia Lamberti, Susanna Ricci, Tiziana Braccini, Paola Salvatore, Colicchio, Roberta, Ricci, S., Lamberti, F., Pagliarulo, C., Pagliuca, Chiara, Braione, V., Braccini, T., Talà, A., Montanaro, D., Tripodi, S., Cintorino, M., Troncone, Giancarlo, Bucci, C., Pozzi, G., Bruni, CARMELO BRUNO, Alifano, P., Salvatore, Paola, Colicchio, R, Ricci, S, Lamberti, F, Pagliarulo, C, Pagliuca, C, Braione, V, Braccini, T, Tala', Adelfia, Montanaro, D, Tripodi, S, Cintorino, M, Troncone, G, Bucci, Cecilia, Pozzi, G, Bruni, Cb, Alifano, Pietro, and Salvatore, P.
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Amino Acid Transport System X-AG ,Immunology ,Glutamic Acid ,Virulence ,Meningitis, Meningococcal ,Neisseria meningitidis ,medicine.disease_cause ,Meningococcal disease ,Microbiology ,Mice ,Bacterial Proteins ,Immunity ,medicine ,Animals ,biology ,Infectious dose ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Molecular Pathogenesis ,Virology ,Infectious Diseases ,ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ,Female ,Parasitology ,Neisseriaceae ,Meningitis ,Bacteria - Abstract
Experimental animal models of bacterial meningitis are useful to study the host-pathogen interactions occurring at the cerebral level and to analyze the pathogenetic mechanisms behind this life-threatening disease. In this study, we have developed a mouse model of meningococcal meningitis based on the intracisternal inoculation of bacteria. Experiments were performed with mouse-passaged serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis. Survival and clinical parameters of infected mice and microbiological and histological analysis of the brain demonstrated the establishment of meningitis with features comparable to those of the disease in humans. When using low bacterial inocula, meningococcal replication in the brain was very efficient, with a 1,000-fold increase of viable counts in 18 h. Meningococci were also found in the blood, spleens, and livers of infected mice, and bacterial loads in different organs were dependent on the infectious dose. As glutamate uptake from the host has been implicated in meningococcal virulence, mice were infected intracisternally with an isogenic strain deficient in the ABC-type l -glutamate transporter GltT. Noticeably, the mutant was attenuated in virulence in mixed infections, indicating that wild-type bacteria outcompeted the GltT-deficient meningococci. The data show that the GltT transporter plays a role in meningitis and concomitant systemic infection, suggesting that meningococci may use l -glutamate as a nutrient source and as a precursor to synthesize the antioxidant glutathione.
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- 2009
17. Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases attenuates brain damage in experimental meningococcal meningitis
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Uwe Koedel, Tiziana Braccini, Stephen L. Leib, Susanna Ricci, Marco R. Oggioni, Michael Wenzel, Paola Salvatore, Denis Grandgirard, Ricci S, Grandgirard D, Wenzel M, Braccini T, Salvatore P, Oggioni MR, Leib SL, Koedel U, Ricci, S, Grandgirard, D, Wenzel, M, Braccini, T, Salvatore, Paola, Oggioni, Mr, Leib, Sl, and Koedel, U.
- Subjects
Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor ,Phenylalanine ,Apoptosis ,610 Medicine & health ,Brain damage ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Thiophenes ,Matrix metalloproteinase ,Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ,Meningitis, Meningococcal ,Neisseria meningitidis ,Blood–brain barrier ,medicine.disease_cause ,Meningococcal meningitis ,Mouse model ,Mice ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,Cerebellum ,medicine ,Animals ,Cerebral Hemorrhage ,Intracerebral hemorrhage ,business.industry ,meningitis ,Metalloproteinase inhibitors ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,Disease Models, Animal ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Infectious Diseases ,Matrix metalloproteinases ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ,Blood-Brain Barrier ,Immunology ,Dentate Gyrus ,Cytokines ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Chemokines ,business ,Meningitis ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Approximately 7% of survivors from meningococcal meningitis (MM) suffer from neurological sequelae due to brain damage in the course of meningitis. The present study focuses on the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in a novel mouse model of MM-induced brain damage. Methods The model is based on intracisternal infection of BALB/c mice with a serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis strain. Mice were infected with meningococci and randomised for treatment with the MMP inhibitor batimastat (BB-94) or vehicle. Animal survival, brain injury and host-response biomarkers were assessed 48 h after meningococcal challenge. Results Mice that received BB-94 presented significantly diminished MMP-9 levels (p
- Published
- 2014
18. On the fate of ingested Bacillus spores
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Maria R Spinosa, Marco R. Oggioni, Ezio Ricca, Maurilio De Felice, Lorenzo Morelli, Tiziana Braccini, Gianni Pozzi, Spinosa MR, Braccini T, Ricca E, De Felice M, Morelli L, Pozzi G, Oggioni MR, Spinosa, Mr, Braccini, T, Ricca, Ezio, DE FELICE, M, Morelli, L, Pozzi, G, Oggioni, Mr, Spinosa, M. R., Braccini, T., Ricca, E., DE FELICE, Maurilio, Morelli, L., Pozzi, G., and Oggioni, M. R.
- Subjects
Bacillus ,Administration, Oral ,Bacillus subtilis ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Microbiology ,Bile Acids and Salts ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Animals ,Molecular Biology ,Spores, Bacterial ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,Taurodeoxycholic Acid ,biology ,Probiotics ,Bacillus clausii ,fungi ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Bacillales ,Spore ,Intestines ,Cereus ,chemistry ,Germination ,Female ,Lymph Nodes ,Taurodeoxycholic acid ,probiotic ,Deoxycholic Acid - Abstract
Spores of various Bacillus species, including B. subtilis, B. cereus and B. clausii, are used as probiotics, although they are generally absent from the normal microflora of man. We used two nonpathogenic Bacillus species, B. subtilis and B. clausii, to follow the fate of spores inoculated intragastrically in mice. We did not find detectable amounts of vegetative cells in intestinal samples, probably because of high toxicity of the conjugated bile salt taurodeoxycholic acid against Bacillus species. Both spores and cells were detected in the lymph nodes and spleen of one mouse. Our results indicate that Bacillus is present in the intestinal tract solely as spores and that nonpathogenic Bacillus spores may germinate in lymphoid organs, a finding reminiscent of B. anthracis germination in macrophages. These results indicate that any claimed probiotic effect of B. subtilis should be due to spores or, alternatively, to vegetative growth outside the intestine.
- Published
- 2000
19. Combined therapy with ceftriaxone and doxycycline does not improve the outcome of meningococcal meningitis in mice compared to ceftriaxone monotherapy
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Ilias Masouris, Uwe Koedel, Marco R. Oggioni, Denis Grandgirard, Stephen L. Leib, Gianni Pozzi, Tiziana Braccini, Susanna Ricci, Ricci S, Grandgirard D, Masouris I, Braccini T, Pozzi G, Oggioni MR, Koedel U, and Leib SL
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,viruses ,Antibiotics ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup C ,Neisseria meningitidis ,Meningococcal meningitis ,medicine.disease_cause ,Gastroenterology ,Mice ,Random Allocation ,0302 clinical medicine ,Adjunctive therapy ,Doxycycline ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,Ceftriaxone ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Treatment Outcome ,Infectious Diseases ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,Chemokines ,medicine.symptom ,Research Article ,medicine.drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,030106 microbiology ,Brain damage ,Meningitis, Meningococcal ,Mouse model ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,In vivo ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Adjuvant therapy ,Animals ,Humans ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Cerebral Hemorrhage ,business.industry ,Antagonist ,Neisseria meningitidis, Meningococcal meningitis, Mouse model, Doxycycline, Adjunctive therapy, Brain damage, Matrix metalloproteinases ,Bacterial Load ,Disease Models, Animal ,Matrix metalloproteinases ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background Meningococcal meningitis (MM) is a life-threatening disease associated with approximately 10% case fatality rates and neurological sequelae in 10–20% of the cases. Recently, we have shown that the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor BB-94 reduced brain injury in a mouse model of MM. The present study aimed to assess whether doxycycline (DOX), a tetracycline that showed a neuroprotective effect as adjuvant therapy in experimental pneumococcal meningitis (PM), would also exert a beneficial effect when given as adjunctive therapy to ceftriaxone (CRO) in experimental MM. Methods BALB/c mice were infected by the intracisternal route with a group C Neisseria meningitidis strain. Eighteen h post infection (hpi), animals were randomised for treatment with CRO [100 mg/kg subcutaneously (s.c.)], CRO plus DOX (30 mg/kg s.c.) or saline (control s.c.). Antibiotic treatment was repeated 24 and 40 hpi. Mouse survival and clinical signs, bacterial counts in cerebella, brain damage, MMP-9 and cyto/chemokine levels were assessed 48 hpi. Results Analysis of bacterial load in cerebella indicated that CRO and CRO + DOX were equally effective at controlling meningococcal replication. No differences in survival were observed between mice treated with CRO (94.4%) or CRO + DOX (95.5%), (p > 0.05). Treatment with CRO + DOX significantly diminished both the number of cerebral hemorrhages (p = 0.029) and the amount of MMP-9 in the brain (p = 0.046) compared to untreated controls, but not to CRO-treated animals (p > 0.05). Levels of inflammatory markers in the brain of mice that received CRO or CRO + DOX were not significantly different (p > 0.05). Overall, there were no significant differences in the parameters assessed between the groups treated with CRO alone or CRO + DOX. Conclusions Treatment with CRO + DOX showed similar bactericidal activity to CRO in vivo, suggesting no antagonist effect of DOX on CRO. Combined therapy significantly improved mouse survival and disease severity compared to untreated animals, but addition of DOX to CRO did not offer significant benefits over CRO monotherapy. In contrast to experimental PM, DOX has no adjunctive activity in experimental MM.
- Published
- 2020
20. Frutto di un «comune sentire»? Presunte «sopravvivenze» di culti demetriaci nel folklore mariano
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Buttitta, I., Deidier, R, Fusini, N, Susanetti, D, Braccini, T, Brienza, E, Anzalone M, Alaimo, D, Barresi, P, Zisa, F, Arrigo, N, Fusillo, M, Mazzaglia, R, Civitillo, M, Romani, S, Pinello F. P, Buttitta, I, and Buttitta, I.
- Subjects
Feste, Kore, Sicilia, Continuità, Simboli rituali ,Settore M-DEA/01 - Discipline Demoetnoantropologiche - Abstract
Sulla diffusione dei culti demetriaci largamente documentata da testimonianze materiali e, di converso, sulle attestazioni mitografiche di una antica relazione cultuale tra la Sicilia, il frumento e le dee Demetra e Core, si fondano le letture di certe pratiche e credenze cultuali mariane siciliane e, segnatamente, ennesi (stante le indicazioni geografiche desunte dai miti), come realtà culturali direttamente discese dal passato greco. Il tema delle continuità, dei sincretismi pagano-cristiani, segnatamente di quelli tra più o meno remote e definite divinità pre-cristiane e le Sante e i Santi, e le Madonne e i Cristi, tanto caro ai folkloristi d’ogni tempo e d’ogni tenore e, quale esotico attrattore, ai tanti contemporanei mercificatori del patrimonio immateriale, attraversa una vasta e sostenuta letteratura scientifica. Se è vero che tali questioni spesso non sono state affrontate con il necessario spirito critico è anche vero che i simboli rituali e i contesti festivi all’interno dei quali questi agiscono e significano in sistemica connessione sono nella storia e sono investiti da un continuo processo di de-semantizzazione e ri-semantizzazione e di de-funzionalizzazione e ri-funzionalizzazione. Prescindere da queste considerazioni finisce sicuramente col rendere ogni interpretazione della contemporaneità cultuale e festiva lacunosa e insoddisfacente e soprattutto non in grado di dar conto della ricchezza e complessità degli apparati simbolici, di quei significanti del rito di cui ogni storia ha ora occultato, ora menomato, ora arricchito, più raramente cancellato le forme, le funzioni e i significati più antichi.
- Published
- 2018
21. The Role of Host and Microbial Factors in the Pathogenesis of Pneumococcal Bacteraemia Arising from a Single Bacterial Cell Bottleneck
- Author
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Alice Gerlini, Leonarda Colomba, Leonardo Furi, Tiziana Braccini, Ana Sousa Manso, Andrea Pammolli, Bo Wang, Antonio Vivi, Maria Tassini, Nico van Rooijen, Gianni Pozzi, Susanna Ricci, Peter W Andrew, Uwe Koedel, E Richard Moxon, Marco R Oggioni, Gerlini A, Colomba L, Furi L, Braccini T, Manso AS, Pammolli A, Wang B, Vivi A, Tassini M, van Rooijen N, Pozzi G, Ricci S, Andrew PW, Koedel U, Moxon ER, Oggioni MR, Molecular cell biology and Immunology, and CCA - Immuno-pathogenesis
- Subjects
Bacterial Diseases ,Cell ,Bacteremia ,medicine.disease_cause ,Pathogenesis ,Gene Knockout Techniques ,Mice ,Genotype ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,0303 health sciences ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,Virulence ,Microbial Mutation ,Streptococci ,Flow Cytometry ,3. Good health ,Bacterial Pathogens ,Host-Pathogen Interaction ,Pneumococcal infections ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Infectious Diseases ,Streptococcus pneumoniae ,Monoclonal ,Host-Pathogen Interactions ,Medicine ,Female ,Research Article ,lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,Immunology ,Biology ,Microbiology ,Pneumococcal Infections ,03 medical and health sciences ,Virology ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Allele ,Molecular Biology ,Microbial Pathogens ,030304 developmental biology ,Microbial Metabolism ,Gram Positive ,030306 microbiology ,Macrophages ,medicine.disease ,infection ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Microbial Evolution ,Parasitology ,lcsh:RC581-607 ,Infectious Disease Modeling - Abstract
The pathogenesis of bacteraemia after challenge with one million pneumococci of three isogenic variants was investigated. Sequential analyses of blood samples indicated that most episodes of bacteraemia were monoclonal events providing compelling evidence for a single bacterial cell bottleneck at the origin of invasive disease. With respect to host determinants, results identified novel properties of splenic macrophages and a role for neutrophils in early clearance of pneumococci. Concerning microbial factors, whole genome sequencing provided genetic evidence for the clonal origin of the bacteraemia and identified SNPs in distinct sub-units of F0/F1 ATPase in the majority of the ex vivo isolates. When compared to parental organisms of the inoculum, ex-vivo pneumococci with mutant alleles of the F0/F1 ATPase had acquired the capacity to grow at low pH at the cost of the capacity to grow at high pH. Although founded by a single cell, the genotypes of pneumococci in septicaemic mice indicate strong selective pressure for fitness, emphasising the within-host complexity of the pathogenesis of invasive disease., Author Summary Decades of research on bacterial sepsis have been devoted to analysing the steps that lead from a local event, either carriage or a localised infection, to systemic disease. Our work analyses in depth the events determining systemic infection by one of the main human pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae. Consistent with similar findings on the pathogenesis of bacteraemia due to other commensal pathogens, our results show that after an intravenous inoculum of a million pneumococci, the resulting septicaemia is often founded by a single bacterial cell. Investigation into the nature of this monoclonal infection identified strong within-host selective pressure for metabolic fitness during outgrowth of the bacterial population.
- Published
- 2014
22. Combined therapy with ceftriaxone and doxycycline does not improve the outcome of meningococcal meningitis in mice compared to ceftriaxone monotherapy.
- Author
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Ricci S, Grandgirard D, Masouris I, Braccini T, Pozzi G, Oggioni MR, Koedel U, and Leib SL
- Subjects
- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage, Bacterial Load drug effects, Ceftriaxone administration & dosage, Cerebral Hemorrhage drug therapy, Chemokines analysis, Chemokines metabolism, Disease Models, Animal, Doxycycline administration & dosage, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Humans, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 analysis, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 metabolism, Meningitis, Meningococcal mortality, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Random Allocation, Treatment Outcome, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Ceftriaxone therapeutic use, Doxycycline therapeutic use, Meningitis, Meningococcal drug therapy, Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup C
- Abstract
Background: Meningococcal meningitis (MM) is a life-threatening disease associated with approximately 10% case fatality rates and neurological sequelae in 10-20% of the cases. Recently, we have shown that the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor BB-94 reduced brain injury in a mouse model of MM. The present study aimed to assess whether doxycycline (DOX), a tetracycline that showed a neuroprotective effect as adjuvant therapy in experimental pneumococcal meningitis (PM), would also exert a beneficial effect when given as adjunctive therapy to ceftriaxone (CRO) in experimental MM., Methods: BALB/c mice were infected by the intracisternal route with a group C Neisseria meningitidis strain. Eighteen h post infection (hpi), animals were randomised for treatment with CRO [100 mg/kg subcutaneously (s.c.)], CRO plus DOX (30 mg/kg s.c.) or saline (control s.c.). Antibiotic treatment was repeated 24 and 40 hpi. Mouse survival and clinical signs, bacterial counts in cerebella, brain damage, MMP-9 and cyto/chemokine levels were assessed 48 hpi., Results: Analysis of bacterial load in cerebella indicated that CRO and CRO + DOX were equally effective at controlling meningococcal replication. No differences in survival were observed between mice treated with CRO (94.4%) or CRO + DOX (95.5%), (p > 0.05). Treatment with CRO + DOX significantly diminished both the number of cerebral hemorrhages (p = 0.029) and the amount of MMP-9 in the brain (p = 0.046) compared to untreated controls, but not to CRO-treated animals (p > 0.05). Levels of inflammatory markers in the brain of mice that received CRO or CRO + DOX were not significantly different (p > 0.05). Overall, there were no significant differences in the parameters assessed between the groups treated with CRO alone or CRO + DOX., Conclusions: Treatment with CRO + DOX showed similar bactericidal activity to CRO in vivo, suggesting no antagonist effect of DOX on CRO. Combined therapy significantly improved mouse survival and disease severity compared to untreated animals, but addition of DOX to CRO did not offer significant benefits over CRO monotherapy. In contrast to experimental PM, DOX has no adjunctive activity in experimental MM.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases attenuates brain damage in experimental meningococcal meningitis.
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Ricci S, Grandgirard D, Wenzel M, Braccini T, Salvatore P, Oggioni MR, Leib SL, and Koedel U
- Subjects
- Animals, Apoptosis drug effects, Cerebellum drug effects, Cerebellum metabolism, Cerebral Hemorrhage complications, Cerebral Hemorrhage enzymology, Chemokines metabolism, Cytokines metabolism, Dentate Gyrus drug effects, Dentate Gyrus pathology, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 metabolism, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 metabolism, Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Meningitis, Meningococcal complications, Meningitis, Meningococcal enzymology, Mice, Phenylalanine pharmacology, Phenylalanine therapeutic use, Thiophenes pharmacology, Blood-Brain Barrier drug effects, Blood-Brain Barrier pathology, Cerebral Hemorrhage drug therapy, Cerebral Hemorrhage pathology, Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Meningitis, Meningococcal drug therapy, Meningitis, Meningococcal pathology, Phenylalanine analogs & derivatives, Thiophenes therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: Approximately 7% of survivors from meningococcal meningitis (MM) suffer from neurological sequelae due to brain damage in the course of meningitis. The present study focuses on the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in a novel mouse model of MM-induced brain damage., Methods: The model is based on intracisternal infection of BALB/c mice with a serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis strain. Mice were infected with meningococci and randomised for treatment with the MMP inhibitor batimastat (BB-94) or vehicle. Animal survival, brain injury and host-response biomarkers were assessed 48 h after meningococcal challenge., Results: Mice that received BB-94 presented significantly diminished MMP-9 levels (p < 0.01), intracerebral bleeding (p < 0.01), and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown (p < 0.05) in comparison with untreated animals. In mice suffering from MM, the amount of MMP-9 measured by zymography significantly correlated with both intracerebral haemorrhage (p < 0.01) and BBB disruption (p < 0.05)., Conclusions: MMPs significantly contribute to brain damage associated with experimental MM. Inhibition of MMPs reduces intracranial complications in mice suffering from MM, representing a potential adjuvant strategy in MM post-infection sequelae.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. The role of host and microbial factors in the pathogenesis of pneumococcal bacteraemia arising from a single bacterial cell bottleneck.
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Gerlini A, Colomba L, Furi L, Braccini T, Manso AS, Pammolli A, Wang B, Vivi A, Tassini M, van Rooijen N, Pozzi G, Ricci S, Andrew PW, Koedel U, Moxon ER, and Oggioni MR
- Subjects
- Animals, Bacteremia genetics, Bacteremia immunology, Female, Flow Cytometry, Gene Knockout Techniques, Macrophages immunology, Macrophages microbiology, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Pneumococcal Infections genetics, Pneumococcal Infections immunology, Streptococcus pneumoniae genetics, Streptococcus pneumoniae immunology, Virulence, Bacteremia microbiology, Host-Pathogen Interactions immunology, Pneumococcal Infections microbiology, Streptococcus pneumoniae pathogenicity
- Abstract
The pathogenesis of bacteraemia after challenge with one million pneumococci of three isogenic variants was investigated. Sequential analyses of blood samples indicated that most episodes of bacteraemia were monoclonal events providing compelling evidence for a single bacterial cell bottleneck at the origin of invasive disease. With respect to host determinants, results identified novel properties of splenic macrophages and a role for neutrophils in early clearance of pneumococci. Concerning microbial factors, whole genome sequencing provided genetic evidence for the clonal origin of the bacteraemia and identified SNPs in distinct sub-units of F0/F1 ATPase in the majority of the ex vivo isolates. When compared to parental organisms of the inoculum, ex-vivo pneumococci with mutant alleles of the F0/F1 ATPase had acquired the capacity to grow at low pH at the cost of the capacity to grow at high pH. Although founded by a single cell, the genotypes of pneumococci in septicaemic mice indicate strong selective pressure for fitness, emphasising the within-host complexity of the pathogenesis of invasive disease.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. The meningococcal ABC-Type L-glutamate transporter GltT is necessary for the development of experimental meningitis in mice.
- Author
-
Colicchio R, Ricci S, Lamberti F, Pagliarulo C, Pagliuca C, Braione V, Braccini T, Talà A, Montanaro D, Tripodi S, Cintorino M, Troncone G, Bucci C, Pozzi G, Bruni CB, Alifano P, and Salvatore P
- Subjects
- Animals, Female, Glutamic Acid metabolism, Meningitis, Meningococcal pathology, Mice, Neisseria meningitidis growth & development, Virulence, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters physiology, Amino Acid Transport System X-AG physiology, Bacterial Proteins physiology, Meningitis, Meningococcal etiology, Neisseria meningitidis pathogenicity
- Abstract
Experimental animal models of bacterial meningitis are useful to study the host-pathogen interactions occurring at the cerebral level and to analyze the pathogenetic mechanisms behind this life-threatening disease. In this study, we have developed a mouse model of meningococcal meningitis based on the intracisternal inoculation of bacteria. Experiments were performed with mouse-passaged serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis. Survival and clinical parameters of infected mice and microbiological and histological analysis of the brain demonstrated the establishment of meningitis with features comparable to those of the disease in humans. When using low bacterial inocula, meningococcal replication in the brain was very efficient, with a 1,000-fold increase of viable counts in 18 h. Meningococci were also found in the blood, spleens, and livers of infected mice, and bacterial loads in different organs were dependent on the infectious dose. As glutamate uptake from the host has been implicated in meningococcal virulence, mice were infected intracisternally with an isogenic strain deficient in the ABC-type L-glutamate transporter GltT. Noticeably, the mutant was attenuated in virulence in mixed infections, indicating that wild-type bacteria outcompeted the GltT-deficient meningococci. The data show that the GltT transporter plays a role in meningitis and concomitant systemic infection, suggesting that meningococci may use L-glutamate as a nutrient source and as a precursor to synthesize the antioxidant glutathione.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. On the fate of ingested Bacillus spores.
- Author
-
Spinosa MR, Braccini T, Ricca E, De Felice M, Morelli L, Pozzi G, and Oggioni MR
- Subjects
- Administration, Oral, Animals, Bacillus drug effects, Bacillus subtilis drug effects, Bacillus subtilis physiology, Bile Acids and Salts pharmacology, Deoxycholic Acid pharmacology, Female, Lymph Nodes microbiology, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Spores, Bacterial drug effects, Taurodeoxycholic Acid pharmacology, Bacillus physiology, Intestines microbiology, Probiotics, Spores, Bacterial physiology
- Abstract
Spores of various Bacillus species, including B. subtilis, B. cereus and B. clausii, are used as probiotics, although they are generally absent from the normal microflora of man. We used two nonpathogenic Bacillus species, B. subtilis and B. clausii, to follow the fate of spores inoculated intragastrically in mice. We did not find detectable amounts of vegetative cells in intestinal samples, probably because of high toxicity of the conjugated bile salt taurodeoxycholic acid against Bacillus species. Both spores and cells were detected in the lymph nodes and spleen of one mouse. Our results indicate that Bacillus is present in the intestinal tract solely as spores and that nonpathogenic Bacillus spores may germinate in lymphoid organs, a finding reminiscent of B. anthracis germination in macrophages. These results indicate that any claimed probiotic effect of B. subtilis should be due to spores or, alternatively, to vegetative growth outside the intestine.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. [Neurological tolerance of lithium-psychotropic drugs association (author's transl)].
- Author
-
Braccini T, Coat C, Lavagna J, Myquel M, and Darcourt G
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Confusion chemically induced, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Haloperidol adverse effects, Humans, Lithium administration & dosage, Male, Middle Aged, Psychotropic Drugs administration & dosage, Lithium adverse effects, Nervous System Diseases chemically induced, Psychotropic Drugs adverse effects
- Abstract
The authors have studied the neurological tolerance from the combination of lithium-psychotropic drugs from 265 associated cures carried out on 132 patients between 1971 and 1978. The risk of neurological inability to assimilate is not greater when haldol is combined with lithium by comparison with other combinations where it is not included. Only the presence of cerebral organicity presents a risk factor. The 117 associated cures were preceded by preliminary treatments during which either the lithium or the psychotropic drugs were used to the same extent during the treatment. This series seems to allow on one hand to demonstrate that the incidence of neurological signs is multiplied by two by the combination, on the other hand to note that the intensity of the neurotoxic effects increases.
- Published
- 1981
28. [Multicentre rating of a delusional patient with help of the AMDP scale].
- Author
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Mormont C, Bonhomme P, Braccini T, Lavagna J, Pringuey D, and Vernet JP
- Subjects
- Humans, Interview, Psychological, Male, Videotape Recording, Delusions psychology, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
- Abstract
A videotaped interview of a delusional patient was evaluated by 33 French, Swiss and Belgian raters. The inverse factor analysis of the raters and multivariate indexes demonstrate in this single case study that the interrater reliability depends on: a) the general training of the raters in psychopathology; b) their knowledge of the AMDP System; c) a comprehensive understanding of the psychopathology of the patient; d) AMDP concepts; e) the interview technique (this latter deficiency may be corrected by a semi-structured interview.
- Published
- 1982
29. [Speech of neurotic and psychotic subjects according to Rorschach test responses].
- Author
-
Bertagni N, Braccini T, and Vernet JP
- Subjects
- Depression psychology, Humans, Hysteria psychology, Inhibition, Psychological, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder psychology, Psycholinguistics, Rorschach Test, Language, Neurotic Disorders psychology, Psychotic Disorders psychology
- Abstract
The authors have studied in Rorschach's test the syntaxic structures of fifty neurotics subjects and fifty psychotics subjects. They have particulary remarked that phrases determinated by situation of test are more frequent in neurotic protocols than psychotic protocols. They note also the importance of verb with detriment of nominal syntagm for the latter.
- Published
- 1977
30. Seasonality of suicides: environmental, sociological and biological covariations.
- Author
-
Souêtre E, Salvati E, Belugou JL, Douillet P, Braccini T, and Darcourt G
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, France, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Hormones blood, Seasons, Social Environment, Suicide epidemiology
- Abstract
The monthly rates of completed suicides in France from 1978 until 1982 were analyzed. The seasonal variations of environmental (daylight and sunlight durations, mean temperature, geomagnetism), sociological (unemployment, deaths of all causes, birth and conception rates), and biological (melatonin, cortisol and serotonin circannual rhythms) factors were compared to the seasonal patterns of suicides. A clear seasonal variation (with peaks in May and September) in suicidal behavior was detected. These patterns tended to differ as a function of age (bimodal in young, unimodal in old people). The component analysis clearly pointed out that seasonal patterns of suicides may be considered as the sum of two components, unimodal and bimodal. Almost similar covariations were found between the main seasonal (unimodal) component of suicides and environmental (daylight duration and mean monthly temperature) or sociological factors whereas the secondary component was more correlated to variations in environmental factors and, to some extent, to biological parameters.
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. [Two-dimensional immuno-electrophoresis of cephalospinal fluid proteins wih a study of the IgG/albumin ratio in psychiatry (author's transl)].
- Author
-
Corti H, Braccini T, Michel AM, Darcourt G, and Myquel M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Albumins cerebrospinal fluid, Female, Humans, Immunoelectrophoresis, Two-Dimensional, Immunoglobulin G cerebrospinal fluid, Male, Middle Aged, Neurocognitive Disorders cerebrospinal fluid, Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins isolation & purification, Mental Disorders cerebrospinal fluid
- Abstract
The purpose of this study (about 187 adult psychiatric patients) is to investigate correlations between "organic brain syndrome" (vascular or abiotrophic) and values of CSF proteins (technique of two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis). The authors show positive correlations between 'vascular' brain syndrome and increase of one alpha 2 globulin, between 'abiotrophic' brain syndrome and decrease in all globulins, the importance of brain damage and increase of IgG/albumin ratio.
- Published
- 1980
32. [Radiocinematographic study of neurogenic disorders of deglutition].
- Author
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Lecompte P, Darcourt G, Démard F, Braccini T, Breton M, and Gavoille M
- Subjects
- Adult, Deglutition Disorders etiology, Humans, Nervous System Diseases complications, Cineradiography, Deglutition Disorders diagnostic imaging, Nervous System Diseases diagnostic imaging
- Published
- 1978
33. [Clinical significance of the erythro-plasmatic ratio of lithium (author's transl)].
- Author
-
Braccini T, Darcourt G, Corti H, Lapalus P, Lavagna J, and Myquel M
- Subjects
- Antipsychotic Agents therapeutic use, Erythrocytes analysis, Female, Humans, Lithium therapeutic use, Male, Mood Disorders blood, Lithium blood, Mood Disorders drug therapy
- Abstract
Six hundred erythrocyte-plasma lithium ratios have been gathered from 67 patients presenting affective disorders. Ratios values in relapse period are not altered regarding those in remission phase as between periods with neuroleptic associations and those without. Ratios values are not noticeably modified by personality, sex and the evolution of affective disorders. But lithium preventive action is essentially found in patients with high erythrocyte-plasma.
- Published
- 1980
34. [Family relations in father-daughter incest].
- Author
-
Nouchi JL, Myquel M, Braccini T, and Darcourt G
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Exhibitionism, Female, Homosexuality, Humans, Male, Masochism, Voyeurism, Father-Child Relations, Incest, Mothers psychology
- Published
- 1980
35. [The psychotropic action of TRH].
- Author
-
Orth JP, Braccini T, Krebs BP, and Darcourt G
- Subjects
- Adult, Anxiety chemically induced, Clinical Trials as Topic, Depression blood, Depression drug therapy, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Disorders drug therapy, Middle Aged, Prolactin blood, Thyrotropin blood, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone adverse effects, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone therapeutic use, Thyroxine blood, Triiodothyronine blood, Psychotropic Drugs, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone pharmacology
- Abstract
During a double-blind trial about using TRH perfusions, the authors didn't established any antidepressive effect. On the other hand they observed an anxiety reaction under a 1,200 microgram in perfusion. The study of the basic level of T3, T4, T.S.H. and Prolactin corroborated the normality of the biological evaluation among the depressed. No difference of the hormonal response under T.R.H. was established depending on different types of depression. The authors reported that the Prolactin respons is higher among the subjects for whom the T.R.H. was the more distressing.
- Published
- 1979
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