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Digital twins are required to process a large amount of data during operation, in order to achieve specific tasks, over the lifetime of the physical twin that they relate to. One important feature of processing data is the identification of trust in both the underlying data and processed information that arises from the data. Trust, as it is defined here, will typically be built from several contributory sources. While there are both quantitative and qualitative sources of trust, this paper focuses on the qualitative aspects of trust via the transparency of the algorithmic process that is available in the crystal-box modelling. The crystal-box idea is also extended to include the concept of a ‘crystal-box workflow’. The key idea is that in order to assist the user of the digital twin to interpret the results they are presented with, via the digital twin interface, the information needs to be contextualised. This work shows an example of how this can be done for a vibration testing (specifically modal testing) example on a scaled three-storey structure. The information is contextualised for the user via ‘profiles’, which collate and augment the processed information together. In particular, synthetic results are generated in order to augment a limited set of physically recorded data, and these synthetic results are then used to assist the user in contextualising the physically recorded data. Implementation results are shown using an open-source digital twin code called DTOP-Cristallo.

International audience; A control strategy consisting of a feedforward action and a robust feedback for a gate automation is presented, where a low-cost and non-regenerative motor drive is used. A model of the system is developed and feedback linearization is used to compensate for the highly nonlinear dynamics of the electric drive. To achieve good motion tracking performance we design a smooth reference associated with a feedforward action, based on the nominal model of the system. In addition, based on a model of the uncertainties a robust feedback controller is tuned by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities, combining the optimization of a LQR cost with some pole placement constraints. Finally, we test the proposed control strategy on an experimental device, obtaining satisfactory results.

This paper presents the development of a cabin noise testing equipment that will be used to evaluate the interior noise of regional aircraft as well as to aid the development of noise reduction techniques. The innovative noise generation system consists of three loudspeaker arrays positioned around the fuselage circumference to synthesize a pressure field that is similar to the pressure field seen by the fuselage during a flight. The acoustic pressure field generated by the loudspeakers is measured by a number of microphones scattered on the fuselage surface. These microphone signals are then fed back to the controller with the purpose of minimising the error between the target pressure field and the measured one by means of an iterative learning approach. The number and location of the microphones used in the control loop are selected through a pre-test optimisation analysis, which aims to reduce the time and cost of the set-up. A small-scale electroacoustic demonstrator has been built to develop the feedback control approach. A frequency domain multi-input multi-output feedback controller is used to replicate the random pressure field generated by the turbulent boundary layer excitation. The multiharmonics of the propeller induced excitation are then added to the time histories of the broadband noise using a time waveform replication technique. Different arrangements of the driving signal distribution are investigated, and the results are then presented in terms of accuracy of the pressure field reproduction.

Crossbreeding between Vitis vinifera and hybrids resistant to some grapevine diseases began in 1985 in order to create biotypes which are tolerant or resistant to Plasmopara viticola. Oidium tuckeri and Botrytis cinerea and show quality features similar as the European parent varieties (Chardonnay, Sauvignon blanc, Prosecco, Moscato bianco and Cabernet Sauvignon) in order to reduce chemical plant protection practices. Analysis of the F1 population emphasized that 20% of the plants have a favourable tolerance to downy mildew and can be employed in back-crossbreeding with European varieties. This proves that there is a different intensity of leaf reaction to the pathogenic agent. The above-mentioned tolerance appeared to be steady throughout the years. An interesting tolerance to oidium was also recorded in open field and greenhouse cultivations., VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 29 (1990): Vitis (Special Issue)

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T22:59:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_9166_Tese Mariana Veronez Borgo.pdf: 2284587 bytes, checksum: 239c410b5dafc731feab967e8f1f9a09 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-15 A incidência de hipertensão arterial aumenta de forma significante em mulheres após a menopausa, um fenômeno que parece estar associado à redução dos níveis de estrogênio. A drospirenona (DRSP) é uma progestina com propriedades antiandrogênica e anti-mineralocorticóide. No entanto, os seus efeitos sobre a vasodilatação coronária dependente do endotélio não foram avaliadas. Dessa forma, este estudo investigou os efeitos da terapia combinada com 17β-estradiol (E2) e DRSP sobre a vasodilatação endotélio-dependente do leito coronariano de ratas espontaneamente hipertensas ovariectomizadas. Os animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos: Sham operado (Sham), ovariectomizadas (OVX), ovariectomizadas tratadas com E2 (E2) e ovariectomizadas tratadas com E2 e DRSP (E2+DRSP), ambos tratados por 6 semanas. Os parâmetros hemodinâmicos foram avaliados diretamente por cateterização da artéria femoral. Já a vasodilatação dependente do endotélio, em resposta à bradicinina no leito arterial coronariano, foi avaliada usando corações isolados de acordo com o método de Langendorff modificado. O conteúdo proteico da enzima óxido nítrico sintase endotelial e do receptor de estrogênio alfa (ER-α) das coronárias foram avaliadas por Western blotting. Realizou-se a análise histológica das artérias coronárias e avaliou-se o estresse oxidativo in situ por quantificação de superóxido pelo método de dihidroetídio fluorescência. Nossos resultados demonstraram que a ovariectomia aumentou a pressão arterial sistólica, sendo prevenido pelo tratamento com DRSP. Ambos os tratamentos preveniram a disfunção endotelial causada pela ovariectomia. A resposta vasodilatadora no grupo DRSP foi significativamente superior para as três concentrações mais elevadas em comparação com o grupo OVX. A expressão de ER-α diminuiu em ratos OVX, efeito que foi restaurado pelas terapias hormonais. Os parâmetros morfométricos e o estresse oxidativo foram aumentados após a OVX e prevenidos em ambos os tratamentos E2 e DRSP. A DRSP não prejudicou as ações vasculares benéficas atribuídas ao estrogênio, como observado com outras progestinas utilizadas em grandes triagens clínicas. Assim a associação de DRSP na terapia hormonal com E2 mostra-se como uma opção terapêutica interessante, especialmente nos quadros de hipertensão pós-menopausal, pois parece atuar na prevenção de doenças coronárias.

Grapevine yellows (GY) are diseases of Vitis vinifera caused by phytoplasmas. On the basis of DNA analysis, it is possible to distinguish different groups and subgroups among grapevine phytoplasmas. Flavescence doree (FD), the most serious problem in European vineyards, is caused by a phytoplasma which belongs to the elm yellows group (EY or 16SrV), Differences between 7 phytoplasma isolates in this group, found until now in French, Italian and German grapevines, and 4 phytoplasmas in the same group, isolated mainly from elm and alder in Europe and America, were investigated. These 11 EY-group isolates plus 3 non-EY phytoplasmas, were compared by PCR-RFLP analyses of two different DNA fragments using 8 restriction enzymes. Two French and two Italian grapevine isolates, classified as FD, appeared to be closely related and were also closer to an Italian alder phytoplasma. One French and one Italian FD isolate always showed the same restriction pattern. On the opposite, the three German grapevine isolates related to alder phytoplasmas in Germany appeared to be closer to the two elm phytoplasmas from America and Europe., VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 40 No. 2 (2001): Vitis

Research Note The Redglobe strain of Grapevine leafrollassociated virus 2 (GLRaV-2-RG) is a recently discovered closterovirus so far reported to infect solely cv. Redglobe. A survey for this virus 2 in about 380 accessions of table and wine grape varieties conducted during 2001-2003 proved that GLRaV-2-RG was present also in other table grape varieties, though to a smaller extent, while it was never detected in wine varieties., VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 42 No. 4 (2003): Vitis

In order to devise a procedure to be used as reference for detection of grapevine phytoplasmas and monitoring of Flavescence dorée, 12 combinations comprising three methods of plant DNA extraction and 4 procedures for amplification in polymerase chain reaction of phytoplasma DNA were examined in parallel using the same plant tissues infected with phytoplasmas. In a first series tissues of periwinkles (Catharanthus roseus) infected with phytoplasma isolates of the Elm yellows group (16SrV) and maintained in the greenhouse, were used. In a second series tissues of grapevines (Vitis vinifera) naturally infected with Flavescence dorée or Palatinate grapevine yellows phytoplasma were used. The DNA preparations obtained with each of the three extraction procedures were used undiluted or serially diluted, as target DNA in the 4 nested-polymerase chain reactions. The results showed differences in the efficiency among different methods of extraction as well as in the sensitivity among the DNA amplification procedures, which improved when DNA extracted from field grapevines was diluted. After additional comparative validation on numerous field-collected samples of GY-affected grapevines, the quickest extraction procedure was selected for use in routine diagnosis, with nested-PCR amplification either of ribosomal DNA or of the FD9 DNA fragment specific for Flavescence dorée and other 16SrV group phytoplasmas., VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 42 No. 3 (2003): Vitis

This work dealt with Hyalesthes obsoletus, which is the only known vector of Bois noir disease in grapevine. Investigation centered on its flight activity and occurrence on bindweed and stinging nettle and, to a lesser extent, hedge bindweed and dead-nettle in North-Eastern Italy. The survey underlined the importance of bindweed in the insect lifecycle in Northern Italy, where only data from stinging nettle had previously been recorded. H. obsoletus nymphs were found for the first time on the roots of dead-nettle, which proved to be a new host plant. The first observation in Italy of nymphs on hedge bindweed roots was also recorded., VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 49 No. 1 (2010): Vitis

During the first year of project activity several vineyards located in grape growing areas of almost all Italian regions were monitored for yellows symptoms presence. The vineyards were selected according with previous surveys performed by some of the teams participating into this project; new localities were also surveyed in order to obtain more detailed informations about distribution and aetiology of grapevine yellows (GY) in Italy. The surveys were carried out in September-October, in some cases also in June, and leaf samples were collected from symptomatic plants in order to perform phytoplasma detection and identification. About 500 samples from the regions listed in Table were tested, nucleic acid extraction was carried out by the different teams according with published protocols (Prince et al., 1993; Barba et al., 1998; Angelini et al., 2001). Molecular analyses were carried out by PCR/RFLP and Flavescence Dorée (FD) or Bois Noir (BN) phytoplasmas were identified by direct PCR with universal primers P1/P7 followed by nested PCR with primers specific for ribosomal groups 16SrV and 16SrI/XII and RFLP analyses with BfaI and MseI respectively. Samples positive to 16SrV group phytoplasmas were then riamplified following the protocol described by Martini et al. (2002) to identify ribosomal subgroups. The results of surveys indicate the presence of GY symptoms in almost all the vineyards inspected in several of the provinces belonging to the regions in Table. Phytoplasma molecular identification allowed to confirm that 16SrXII-A phytoplasmas, BN, are widespread in all the vineyards of Italy surveyed. Flavescence Dorée presence (subgroups 16SrV-C, FD-C and 16SrV–D, FD-D) was confirmed in northern Italy regions and was detected also in some vineyards of Central Italy. FD-D appears to be more spread than FD-C, however the latter appears to be with increasing presence since it was identified also in symptomatic samples from some provinces of Umbria and Tuscany regions. Phytoplasmas belonging to aster yellows (16SrI-B) and elm yellows (16SrV-A) groups were occasionally detected in symptomatic grapevines in Calabria and Sardina, and in Emilia-Romagna regions respectively.