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Genus Hermadion Kinberg, 1856, emended Type species. Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856 Diagnosis. Body dorsoventrally flattened, short, with up to 50 segments; in large specimens mid-dorsum not completely covered by elytra and short tail uncovered. Fifteen pairs of elytra on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 26, 29, and 32. Prostomium bilobed, without cephalic peaks, with three antennae; lateral antennae inserted ventrally to median antenna; two pairs of eyes and a pair of palps present. Parapodia biramous, both rami with elongate acicular lobe; notopodia shorter and on anterodorsal side of neuropodia; neuropodia without supra-acicular process; tips of noto- and neuroacicula penetrating epidermis. Notochaetae stouter than neurochaetae, with numerous rows of spines and blunt tip; neurochaetae more numerous, with numerous rows of spines distally and unidentate tip. Remarks. The genera Harmothoe and Hermadion were both established by Kinberg (1856) with Harmothoe showing lateral antennae inserted ventrally, a rather short body, and 15 pairs of elytra covering the dorsum completely, while in Hermadion lateral antennae are also inserted ventrally, but the body is more elongate, 15 pairs of elytra leave the middorsum and the posterior segments uncovered, and neurochaetae have rows of spines reaching to the tip. Unfortunately, the body length and the degree of coverage of the dorsum by the elytra are difficult to evaluate in younger specimens (or insufficient for identification of anterior fragments). Moreover, in neurochaetae the amount of surface covered by rows of spines is an inadequate character, since in both Hermadion and Harmothoe this varies within the same bundle: in uppermost neurochaetae rows of spines can reach almost to the tip, while in middle and lower neurochaetae there is always a distinct bare area below the tip. Some authors, like Bergstr��m (1916), considered the differences insufficient and synonymized Hermadion with Harmothoe, while Augener (1932) regarded Hermadion as a valid genus. Our examination of the type material of Hermadion showed, that there are indeed additonal significant differences between these two genera: in Hermadion cephalic peaks are absent and the neuropodia have no supra-acicular process, but both structures are present in Harmothoe. For a detailed description of the characters of Harmothoe, see the revisions by Barnich et al. (2006) and Barnich and Fiege (2009) and Tables 1 and 2 below. The following discussion of species referred to other genera either by earlier authors or in the present study is summarized in Table 3. Malmgreniella, Polynoe, Subadyte: cf. Barnich and Fiege 2003; Hermadion: this study; Hermadionella: cf. Uschakov 1982). * in Barnich and Fiege (2003) neuroacicula of Polynoe described as not penetrating, but re-evaluation showed that both, noto- and neuroacicula are penetrating., Published as part of Bock, Gordon, Fiege, Dieter & Barnich, Ruth, 2010, Revision of Hermadion Kinberg, 1856, with a redescription of Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856, Adyte hyalina (G. O. Sars, 1873) n. comb. and Neopolynoe acanellae (Verrill, 1881) n. comb. (Polychaeta: Polynoidae), pp. 45-61 in Zootaxa 2554 on pages 46-47, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.196874, {"references":["Kinberg, J. G. H. (1856) Nya slagten och arter af Annelider. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 12 (9 - 10), 381 - 388 [read 1855; printed 1856].","Bergstrom, E. (1916) Die Polynoiden der schwedischen Sudpolarexpedition 1901 - 1903. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala, 4, 269 - 304.","Augener, H. (1932) Polychaeten. Zoologische Ergebnisse der Reisen von Dr. Kohl-Larsen nach den Subantarktischen Inseln bei Neuseeland und nach Sudgeorien. 8. Senckenbergiana, 14 (3), 95 - 117.","Barnich, R., Fiege, D., Micaletto, G. & Gambi, M. C. (2006) Redescription of Harmothoe spinosa Kinberg, 1856 (Polychaeta, Polynoidae) and related species from Subantarctic and Antarctic waters, with the erection of a new genus. Journal of Natural History, 40 (1 - 2), 33 - 75.","Barnich, R. & Fiege, D. (2009) Revision of the genus Harmothoe Kinberg, 1856 (Polychaeta: Polynoidae) in the Northeast Atlantic. Zootaxa, 2104, 1 - 76.","Barnich, R. & Fiege, D. (2003) The Aphroditoidea (Annelida: Polychaeta) of the Mediterranean Sea. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 559, 1 - 167.","Uschakov, P. V. (1982) Polychaetes of the suborder Aphroditiformia of the Arctic Ocean and the northwestern part of the Pacific. Families Aphroditidae and Polynoidae. Fauna of the USSR. Polychaetes, 2 (1), 1 - 271 [in Russian]."]}

Neopolynoe acanellae (Verrill, 1881) n. comb. Figure 3 A���F Polynoe (Eunoa) acanellae Verrill, 1881: pl. 6 figs. 5, 5 a; Verrill (1885 a): 525, pl. 39 fig. 172; Verrill (1885 b): 424. Polynoe acanellae: Hartman (1942): 27, figs. 27���31. Harmothoe acanellae: Ditlevsen (1917): 27, pl. 1 figs. 6, 8, 9, 13; pl. 2 fig. 4. Harmothoe (Hermadion) acanellae: Pettibone (1963): 35���36, fig. 6 l���m. Nemidia antillicola Augener, 1906: 126, pl. 3 figs. 53���59. Polynoe antillicola: Fauvel (1913): 24; Fauvel (1914): 68. Polynoe antillicola chondrocladiae Fauvel, 1943: 200, fig. 1 a���d. Neopolynoe africana Kirkegaard, 2001: 392, fig. 1. Type material examined. Polynoe (Eunoa) acanellae: YPM 2741, lectotype, designated here (af, mf), "Fish Hawk", off Newport, South of Cape Cod (Massachusetts), St. 880, 13 September 1880, 39 �� 48 ' 30 ''N 70 �� 54 '00''W, 252,5 fms., coll. R.I. - U.S. Fish. Commission; YPM 2742, 3 paralectotypes, designated here (af), "Fish Hawk", off Newport, South of Cape Cod (Massachusetts), St. 894, 2 October 1880, 39 �� 53 'N 70 �� 58 ' 30 ''W, 365 fms., coll. R.I. - U.S. Fish. Commission; YPM 2910, 11 paralectotypes, designated here (11 af, 2 mf, 2 pf), "Fish Hawk", off Martha's Vineyard, St. 1028, 14 September 1881, 39 �� 57 'N 69 �� 17 'W, 410 fms., coll. U.S. Fish. Commission, det. A.E. Verrill. Neopolynoe paradoxa (Storm, 1888): ZMUO C 2031, paralectotype (af), Norway, R��berg, 250 fathoms. Neopolynoe africana Kirkegaard, 2001: BMNH 2003.848, holotype (cs), ���Discovery���, Northeast of Canary Islands, Stn. 10158 # 1, 11 October 1979, 29 �� 24 ���N 12 �� 12 ���W, 1600 m, det. & ded. J.B. Kirkegaard. Comparative material examined. SMF 18879, 1 spm. (cs), Flemish Cap EU Survey 2007, "Vizconde de Eza", off Newfoundland, St. FC- 165, 46.988 ��N 43.4607��W, 1079 m, associated with Anthomastus sp., leg. F.J. Murillo, ded. ��. Altuna, det. R. Barnich. SMF 18880, 1 spm. (cs), Flemish Cap EU Survey 2007, "Vizconde de Eza", off Newfoundland, St. FC- 177, 46.941 ��N 46.6702��W, 770 m, associated with Anthomastus sp., leg. F.J. Murillo, ded. ��. Altuna, det. R. Barnich. BMNH 2003.849 - 858, 13 spms., ���Discovery���, Northeast of Canary Islands, Stn. 10157 # 1, 11 October 1979, 29 �� 24 ���N 12 �� 12 ���W, 1600 m, det. & ded. J.B. Kirkegaard as Neopolynoe africana. BMNH 2003.859, 1 spm. with piece of sponge Chondrocladia, ���Discovery���, Northeast of Canary Islands, Stn. 10157 # 1, 11 October 1979, 29 �� 24 ���N 12 �� 12 ���W, 1600 m, det. & ded. J.B. Kirkegaard as Neopolynoe africana. Description (based on lectotype YPM 2741). Anterior fragment with 48 segments. At anterior end (Fig. 3 A) prostomium bilobed, with cephalic peaks; ceratophore of median antenna in anterior notch, style smooth, tapering; lateral antennae inserted ventrally to median antenna, styles smooth, tapering; eyes large, anterior pair situated dorsolaterally at widest part of prostomium, posterior pair dorsally near hind margin of prostomium; palps tapering. First or tentacular segment with a pair of tentaculophores inserted laterally to prostomium, without notochaetae, but with a dorsal and a ventral tentacular cirrus, right dorsal styles missing. Second or buccal segment with first pair of elytra, biramous parapodia and long tapering ventral or buccal cirri, reaching beyond neurochaetae. Following segments with ventral cirri shorter, but still rather long, reaching beyond tip of neuropodium (Fig. 3 D). Fifteen pairs of elytra, on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 26, 29 and 32; elytral surface covered by numerous conical microtubercles; few scattered, short papillae at outer lateral and posterior margin and adjacent surface (Fig. 3 B,C). Cirrigerous segments with distinct dorsal tubercles; dorsal cirri with cylindrical cirrophore, styles long and tapering (about twice as long as longest neurochaetae). Parapodia biramous; notopodia and neuropodia with elongate acicular lobe, neuropodia with digitiform supra-acicular process; tips of noto- and neuroacicula penetrating epidermis (Fig. 3 D). Notochaetae about as stout as neurochaetae, with numerous rows of spines and blunt tip (Fig. 3 E); neurochaetae more numerous, with numerous rows of spines only distally, and unidentate, falcate tip (Fig. 3 F). Measurements. Lectotype YPM 2741 (Fig. 3 A���F): L 32 mm (total af + mf), W 7 mm for 48 segments (af 42 and mf 6 segments). Paralectotypes YPM 2742: L 28 mm, W 8 mm for 33 segments (af, pharynx extended); L 25 mm, W 6 mm for 43 segments (af, pharynx extended, last 3 segments regenerating); L 15 mm, W 7 mm for 23 segments (af). Largest paralectotype in YPM 2910: L 55 mm, W 9 mm for 54 segments. Remarks. Neopolynoe acanellae (Verrill, 1881) n. comb. has been assigned to various genera in the past: to Polynoe Savigny in Lamarck, 1818, respectively Eunoe Malmgren, 1866 by Verrill (1881), to Harmothoe by Ditlevsen (1917), and to Hermadion (as subgenus of Harmothoe) by Pettibone (1963). We reexamined the type material and found the species to belong to Neopolynoe Loshamn, 1981, with the generic characters listed above. Neopolynoe differs mainly from Polynoe due to the presence of cephalic peaks and a neuropodial supra-acicular process; it differs from Eunoe due to its much longer body, from Harmothoe due to its much longer body and its exclusively unidentate neurochaetae, and from Hermadion due to its much longer body, and the presence of cephalic peaks and a neuropodial supra-acicular process (for generic characters discussed above please refer to Loshamn 1981, Barnich and Fiege 2003 and Tables 1 and 2 herein). The only other valid species of Neopolynoe known is N. paradoxa (Storm, 1888), type species of the genus. According to the description of N. paradoxa given by Loshamn (1981) and our own examination of the N. paradoxa paralectotype N. acanellae differs from this species by the following characters: antennae and cirri smooth (versus distinctly papillate in N. paradoxa), elytral margin with few scattered, short papillae (versus numerous, long papillae in N. paradoxa), supra-acicular process digitiform (versus thick, stout in N. paradoxa), and ventral cirri long, reaching beyond tip of neuropodium (versus short, not reaching tip of neuropodium in N. paradoxa). Distribution and habitat. Northwestern and Northeastern Atlantic, from Iceland to Canary Islands, in 460 to 1919 m, associated with soft corals of the genera Acanella and Anthomastus and sponges of the genus Chondrocladia., Published as part of Bock, Gordon, Fiege, Dieter & Barnich, Ruth, 2010, Revision of Hermadion Kinberg, 1856, with a redescription of Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856, Adyte hyalina (G. O. Sars, 1873) n. comb. and Neopolynoe acanellae (Verrill, 1881) n. comb. (Polychaeta: Polynoidae), pp. 45-61 in Zootaxa 2554 on pages 56-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.196874, {"references":["Verrill, A. E. (1881) New England Annelida. Part I. - Historical sketch, with annoted lists of the species hitherto recorded. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 4 (Article VIII), 285 - 324.","Verrill, A. E. (1885 a) Results of the expeditions made by the steamer \" Albatross \", off the northern coast of the United States in 1883. Reports of Comissioner of Fish and Fisheries for 1883, 503 - 699.","Verrill, A. E. (1885 b) Notice of recent additions to the marine Invertebrata of the northeastern coast of America, with descriptions of new genera and species and critical remarks on others. Part V. Annelida, Echinodermata, Hydroida, Tunicata. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 8, 424 - 448.","Hartman, O. (1942) A review of the types of polychaetous annelids at the Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University. Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection, 8 (1), 1 - 98.","Ditlevsen, H. (1917) Annelids. The Danish Ingolf Expedition, 4 (4), 1 - 71.","Pettibone, M. H. (1963) Marine polychaete worms of the New England region. 1. Aphroditidae through Trochochaetidae. U. S. National Museum Bulletin, 227 (1), 1 - 356.","Augener, H. (1906) XLII. Westindische Polychaeten. Reports on the results of dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico and the Carribean Sea, and on the east coast of the United States, 1877 to 1880, by the U. S. Coast Survey Steamer \" Blake \", Lieut. Commander C. D. Sigsbee, U. S. N., and commander J. R. Bartlett, U. S. N., commanding. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 43 (4), 91 - 196.","Fauvel, P. (1913) Quatrieme note preliminaire sur les Polychetes provenant des campagnes de l'Hirondelle et de la Princesse-Alice, ou deposees dans le Musee Oceanographique de Monaco. Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique, 270, 1 - 80.","Fauvel, P. (1914) Annelides polychetes non pelagiques provenant des campagnes de l'Hirondelle et de la Princesse-Alice (1885 - 1910). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert 1 er Prince souverain de Monaco, 46, 1 - 432.","Fauvel, P. (1943) Deux polychetes nouvelles. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, serie 2, 15 (4), 200 - 202.","Kirkegaard, J. B. (2001) Deep-sea polychaetes from north-west Africa, including a description of a new species of Neopolynoe (Polynoidae). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 81: 391 - 397.","Storm, V. (1888) Direktionens Aarsberetning for 1887. Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskabs Skrifter, 1888, 77 - 90.","Lamarck, C. de (1818) Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres. 5. Deterville et Verdiere, Paris, 612 pp.","Malmgren, A. J. (1866) Nordiska Hafs-Annulata. Ofversigt af Konglia Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhhandlingar Stockholm, 22 (1), 51 - 110 [read 1865, printed 1866].","Loshamn, A. A. (1981) Description of five polynoid species (Polychaeta) from the coasts of Norway and Sweden, including three new species, one new genus and one new generic name. Zoologica Scripta, 10, 5 - 13.","Barnich, R. & Fiege, D. (2003) The Aphroditoidea (Annelida: Polychaeta) of the Mediterranean Sea. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 559, 1 - 167."]}

Subadyte Pettibone, 1969 Fauvel (1923) synonymized Hermadion fragile Clapar��de, 1868 with Hermadion pellucidum (Ehlers, 1864) and referred the species to Scalisetosus pellucidus, due to the presence of semi-lunar pockets in the neurochaetae. We follow Pettibone (1969) who established the genus Subadyte with the type species Subadyte pellucida, characterized by a rather short body with up to 40 segments, the lack of cephalic peaks, neuropodia without supra-acicular process, neuropodial acicular lobe elongate, and neurochaetae with semi-lunar pockets and distinctly bidentate tip., Published as part of Bock, Gordon, Fiege, Dieter & Barnich, Ruth, 2010, Revision of Hermadion Kinberg, 1856, with a redescription of Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856, Adyte hyalina (G. O. Sars, 1873) n. comb. and Neopolynoe acanellae (Verrill, 1881) n. comb. (Polychaeta: Polynoidae), pp. 45-61 in Zootaxa 2554 on page 50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.196874, {"references":["Pettibone, M. H. (1969) Review of some species referred to Scalisetosus McIntosh (Polychaeta, Polynoidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 82, 1 - 30.","Fauvel, P. (1923) Polychetes errantes. Faune de France 5. Lechevalier, Paris, 488 pp.","Claparede, E. (1868) Les Annelides chetopodes du Golfe de Naples. Memoires de la Societe de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Geneve, 19 (2), 313 - 584.","Ehlers, E. (1864) Die Borstenwurmer (Annelida Chaetopoda) nach systematischen und anatomischen Untersuchungen. 1. Band. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 748 pp."]}

Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856 Figure 1 A���F Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856: 386; Kinberg (1857): pl. 6 fig. 32; Kinberg (1858): 22; Ehlers (1897): 15; Ehlers (1901 b): 43; Ehlers (1908): 46; Bergstr��m (1916): 276; Augener (1932): 97; Barnich et al. (2006): 36. Hermadion longicirratus Kinberg, 1856: 386; Kinberg (1857): pl. 6 fig. 33; Kinberg (1858): 22. Hermadion kerguelensis McIntosh, 1885: 105, pl. 11 fig. 5, pl. 12 fig. 1. Lagisca laevis Hartmann-Schr��der, 1962: 60, fig. 5���8 [new synonymy]. Hermadion laevis: Orensanz (1974): 10. Type material examined (see also respective material sections of Adyte hyalina (G. O. Sars, 1873) and Neopolynoe acanellae (Verrill, 1881) below). Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856: SMNH Type- 401, 4 syntypes (1 cs, 3 af) with several elytra and parapodia free in vial, "Eugenie��� Expedition 1851 - 53, Chile, Magellan Strait, St.Yorkbay, 53 �� 34 'S 72 �� 20 'W, below stones of the littoral, near the river Bachelor. Hermadion longicirratus Kinberg, 1856: SMNH Type- 384, holotype (cs in two fragments) "Eugenie��� Expedition 1851 - 53, Chile, Magellan Strait, St.Yorkbay, 53 �� 34 'S 72 �� 20 'W, below stones of the littoral, near the river Bachelor. Hermadion kerguelensis McIntosh, 1885: BMNH 1885. 12.1. 88, 2 syntypes (cs), ���Challenger" Expedition 1873 - 76, St. 149 C, Balfour Bay, Royal Sound, Kerguelen Archipelago, 20���60 fathoms. BMNH 1885. 12.1. 86, 10 syntypes, ���Challenger" Expedition 1873 - 76, St. 149 B, off Kerguelen Islands, Accessible Bay, 49 �� 8 'S 70 �� 12 'E, 20 fathoms, volcanic mud. BMNH 1885. 12.1. 90, 2 syntypes, ���Challenger" Expedition 1873 - 76, off Royal Sound, Kerguelen Archipelago, 25 fathoms. Lagisca laevis Hartmann-Schr��der, 1962: ZMH V- 15343, holotype, (cs), 12 July 1958, Puerto Lagunas, Isla Melchor, South Chile, on top of Macrocystis pyrifera, leg. Stuardo. Harmothoe (Eunoa) truncata Moore, 1902: ANSP 268, holotype (af), locality originally given as "Peary Rel. Exp. 2 August 1892, McCormick Bay" later corrected by Moore (1908) to Icy Cape, Alaska, B. Sharp (collector). Harmothoe (Eunoa) anderssoni Bergstr��m, 1916: SMNH Type- 586 (2821), 3 syntypes (one of them damaged, indeterminable), Swedish South Polar Expedition 1901���1903, St. 34, 5 June 1902, South Georgia, mouth of Cumberland Bay, 54 �� 11 'S 36 �� 18 'W, 252���310 m, ground temperature + 1,45 ��C, grey clay with some stones. Comparative material examined (see also respective material sections of Adyte hyalina (G. O. Sars, 1873) and Neopolynoe acanellae (Verrill, 1881) below). Antarctinoe ferox (Baird, 1865): SMF 15166, 1 spm. (cs), ���Polarstern��� cruise ANT XIII/ 3 / EASIZ I, St. 39 / 0 12 GSN Antarctic, between Vestkap and Halley, 457���459 m, det. R. Barnich and G. Micaletto. Hermadion africanus (Hartman, 1974): SMF 13611 / 2, 2 spms. (af), ���Meteor��� cruise 5 / 2 (MINDIK), St. 194, beamtrawl, 28 February 1987, Red Sea, 537���681 m, det. T. Wehe; SMF 13612 / 2, 2 spms. (2 af, 1 mf), ���Meteor��� cruise 5 / 2 (MINDIK), St. 84 beamtrawl, 7 February 1987, Red Sea, 880���884 m, det. T. Wehe; SMF 13614 / 2, 2 spms. (2 af, 1 mf), ���Meteor��� cruise 5 (MINDIK) St. 197 beamtrawl, 1 March 1987, Red Sea, 747��� 778 m, det. T. Wehe. Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856: SMF 1689 / 1, 1 spm. (cs), Deutsche Tiefsee Expedition 1898 ��� 99, "Valdivia", St. 160, Kerguelen, Gazelle-Basin, 25 December 1898, det. Ehlers (see Ehlers 1908); SMF 1758 / 1, 1 spm. (cs), Deutsche Tiefsee Expedition 1898 - 99, "Valdivia", St. 160, Kerguelen, Gazelle-Basin, 25 December 1898; det. Ehlers (see Ehlers 1908). Subadyte pellucida (Ehlers, 1864): SMF 10467 / 1, 1 spm. (cs), 10 September 1997, Banyuls-sur-Mer, pr��s du Laboratoire Arago, in Posidonia beds, 10 m, leg. D. Fiege and R. Barnich, det. R. Barnich. Description (based on complete syntype of Hermadion magalhaensi for number of segments and prostomium and on elytra and parapodia free in vial). Body with 48 segments, mid-dorsum and tail uncovered by elytra. At anterior end (Fig. 1 A) prostomium bilobed, without cephalic peaks; ceratophore of median antenna in anterior notch, styles of antennae missing; lateral antennae inserted ventrally to median antenna; anterior pair of eyes situated anterolaterally near anterior corners of prostomium, posterior pair dorsally near hind margin of prostomium; palps tapering. First or tentacular segment with a pair of tentaculophores inserted laterally to prostomium, each with a notochaeta and a dorsal and a ventral tentacular cirrus, styles missing. Second or buccal segment with first pair of elytra, biramous parapodia and long ventral or buccal cirri abruptly tapering subdistally. Following segments with shorter ventral cirri. Fifteen pairs of rounded to oval elytra, leaving mid-dorsum and short tail uncovered, on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 26, 29 and 32; last 16 segments cirrigerous; elytral margin without papillae; elytral surface with conical, blunt microtubercles and a few scattered papillae (Fig. 1 B,C). Cirrigerous segments with distinct dorsal tubercles, dorsal cirri with cylindrical cirrophore and long papillate style, slightly exceeding the length of notochaetae, abruptly tapering subdistally. Parapodia biramous; notopodia and neuropodia with elongate acicular lobe, neuropodia without supraacicular process; tips of noto- and neuroacicula penetrating epidermis (Fig. 1 D). Notochaetae stouter than neurochaetae, short and long notochaetae with numerous rows of short spines and blunt tip (Fig. 1 E); neurochaetae more numerous with distinct rows of spines only distally; tips slightly falcate, unidentate (Fig. 1 F). Measurements. Syntypes of Hermadion magalhaensi: cs, L 52 mm, W 10 mm for 48 segments (Fig. 1 A); af, L 28 mm, W 5 mm for 35 segments; af, L 46 mm, W 9 mm for 45 segments (only few posterior segments missing, body wall opened ventrally); af, L 13 mm, W 5 mm for 23 segments (bad condition). Remarks. The genus Hermadion was erected by Kinberg (1856) for H. magalhaensi and H. longicirratus. Regarding the differentiation of both species Kinberg (1856) stated, that H. magalhaensi has smooth prostomial appendages, cirri, elytra, and notochaetae, while these are papillate, respectively serrated (i.e. with rows of spines) in H. longicirratus. Ehlers (1897) synonymized Hermadion kerguelensis McIntosh, 1885 with H. magalhaensi and questioned the validity of H. longicirratus. Bergstr��m (1916) finally checked Kinberg's type material and found no significant differences between H. magalhaensi and H. longicirratus. According to him the differences observed by Kinberg were due to the rather bad condition of the respective type specimens. Furthermore, Bergstr��m attributed Hermadion to Harmothoe since he considered the generic differences insufficient. Augener (1932) agreed with Bergstr��m regarding the synonymy of Kinberg's species, but he considered Hermadion a valid genus. As we showed above Hermadion differs mainly from Harmothoe due to its lack of cephalic peaks and neuropodial supra-acicular process, but also due to its mid-dorsum which is uncovered by elytra in large specimens, and its exclusively unidentate neurochaetae. Orensanz (1974) was the first to realize that Lagisca laevis Hartmann-Schr��der, 1962 belongs to the genus Hermadion, but without checking its synonymy. Our comparison of the type material of L. laevis and H. magalhaensi clearly showed that this species is also a junior synonym of H. magalhaensi. Distribution and habitat. South Atlantic/Pacific (Magellan Region), Southern Indian Ocean (Kerguelen Islands); in shallow waters, down to 110 m, on various substrates such as stones, mud, and algae., Published as part of Bock, Gordon, Fiege, Dieter & Barnich, Ruth, 2010, Revision of Hermadion Kinberg, 1856, with a redescription of Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856, Adyte hyalina (G. O. Sars, 1873) n. comb. and Neopolynoe acanellae (Verrill, 1881) n. comb. (Polychaeta: Polynoidae), pp. 45-61 in Zootaxa 2554 on pages 50-53, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.196874, {"references":["Kinberg, J. G. H. (1856) Nya slagten och arter af Annelider. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 12 (9 - 10), 381 - 388 [read 1855; printed 1856].","Kinberg, J. G. H. (1857) Annulater. Kongliga svenska fregatten Eugenies resa ombring jorden under befal af C. A. Virgin aren 1851 - 1853. Vetenskapliga Iakttagelser pa H. Maj: t Konung Oscar den Forstes Befallning Utgifna af Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademien, Zoologi 1, 1 - 8.","Kinberg, J. G. H. (1858) Annulater. Kongliga svenska fregatten Eugenies resa ombring jorden under befal af C. A. Virgin aren 1851 - 1853. Vetenskapliga Iakttagelser pa H. Maj: t Konung Oscar den Forstes Befallning Utgifna af Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademien, Zoologi, 2, 9 - 32.","Ehlers, E. (1897) Polychaeten. Ergebnisse der Hamburger Magalhaensischen Sammelreise 1892 / 93. III. Band. Bryozoen und Wurmer. Naturhistorisches Museum zu Hamburg. L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg, 1897, 148 pp.","Ehlers, E. (1901 b) Die Polychaeten des magellanischen und chilenischen Strandes. Ein faunistischer Versuch. Sonderabdruck aus der Festschrift zur Feier des 150 jahrigen Bestehens der Koniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Gottingen (Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Physikalischen Klasse), 1 - 232.","Ehlers, E. (1908) Die bodensassigen Anneliden aus den Sammlungen der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer \" Valdivia \" 1898 - 1899, 16, 1 - 168.","Bergstrom, E. (1916) Die Polynoiden der schwedischen Sudpolarexpedition 1901 - 1903. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala, 4, 269 - 304.","Augener, H. (1932) Polychaeten. Zoologische Ergebnisse der Reisen von Dr. Kohl-Larsen nach den Subantarktischen Inseln bei Neuseeland und nach Sudgeorien. 8. Senckenbergiana, 14 (3), 95 - 117.","Barnich, R., Fiege, D., Micaletto, G. & Gambi, M. C. (2006) Redescription of Harmothoe spinosa Kinberg, 1856 (Polychaeta, Polynoidae) and related species from Subantarctic and Antarctic waters, with the erection of a new genus. Journal of Natural History, 40 (1 - 2), 33 - 75.","McIntosh, W. C. (1885) Report on the Annelida Polychaeta collected by H. M. S. \" Challenger \" during the years 1873 - 76. Reports on the scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. \" Challenger \", Zoology, 12, 1 - 554.","Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1962) Teil II: Die Polychaeten des Eulitorals. In: Hartmann-Schroder, G. & Hartmann, G., Zur Kenntnis des Eulitorals der chilenischen Pazifikkuste und der argentinischen Kuste Sudpatagoniens unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, Erganzungsband zu Band 60, 57 - 167.","Orensanz, J. M. (1974) Los anelidos poliquetos de la provincia biogeografica Magallanica. I. Catalogo de las especies citadas hasta 1974. Laboratorio de comunidades bentonicas-gabinete abierto - Sta. Clara del mar. Contribucion tecnica numero 1, 1 - 83.","Sars, G. O. (1873) Bidrag til kundskaben om dyrelivet paa vore havbanker. Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-selskabet i Christiania, 73 - 119.","Verrill, A. E. (1881) New England Annelida. Part I. - Historical sketch, with annoted lists of the species hitherto recorded. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 4 (Article VIII), 285 - 324.","Moore, J. P. (1902) Descriptions of some new Polynoidae, with a list of other Polychaeta from North Greenland waters. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 258 - 278.","Moore, J. P. (1908) Some polychaetous annelids of the northern Pacific coast of North America. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, 60, 321 - 364.","Baird, W. (1865) Contributions towards a monograph of the species of annelids belonging to the Aproditacea, containing a list of the known species, and a description of some new species contained in the National Collection of the British Museum. Journal of the Linnean Society London, Zoology, 8, 172 - 202.","Hartman, O. (1974) Polychaetous annelids of the Indian Ocean including an account of species collected by members of the International Indian Ocean Expeditions, 1963 - ' 64 and a catalogue and bibliography of the species from India. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 16 (1): 191 - 252.","Ehlers, E. (1864) Die Borstenwurmer (Annelida Chaetopoda) nach systematischen und anatomischen Untersuchungen. 1. Band. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 748 pp."]}

Adyte hyalina (G. O. Sars, 1873) n. comb. Figure 2 A���G Hermadion? hyalinus G. O. Sars, 1873: 96. Hermadion assimile McIntosh, 1874: 194; McIntosh (1876): 387, pl. 70 figs. 4���6 [new synonymy]. Adyte assimilis: Pettibone (1969): 5, figs. 2, 3. Barnich and Fiege (2003): 27, fig. 8 A���J. Type material examined. Hermadion? hyalinus Sars, 1873: ZMUO C 2028, holotype (af), Norway, Storeggen, 80���100 fathoms. Comparative material examined. SMF 10428 / 1, 1 spm. (af), "Urania" LM 99, St. 164, 11 January 2000, Elba, 42 ��43.45'N, 10 ��06.96���E, 72���85 m, epibenthic dredge, leg. H. Zibrowius, det. R. Barnich [in Barnich and Fiege (2003) as Adyte assimilis]. Description (based on holotype of Hermadion? hyalinus). Anterior fragment with 17 segments. At anterior end (Fig. 2 A) prostomium bilobed, without cephalic peaks; ceratophore of median antenna in anterior notch, style missing; lateral antennae inserted ventrally to median antenna, styles smooth, tapering abruptly subdistally; anterior pair of eyes situated dorsolaterally at widest part of prostomium, posterior pair dorsally near hind margin of prostomium; palps tapering. First or tentacular segment with a pair of tentaculophores inserted laterally to prostomium, without notochaetae, but with a dorsal and a ventral tentacular cirrus, styles of dorsal ones missing. Second or buccal segment with first pair of elytra, biramous parapodia and long tapering ventral or buccal cirri. Following segments with shorter ventral cirri. Only nine pairs of delicate elytra present in holotype (specimen incomplete), on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17; posterior half of elytra and posterior margin with few scattered papillae; (Fig. 2 B,C). Cirrigerous segments with distinct dorsal tubercles, dorsal cirri with cylindrical cirrophore, styles missing. Parapodia biramous; notopodia with elongate acicular lobe, notoaciculum penetrating epidermis; neuropodia with truncate, rounded acicular lobe, without supra-acicular process, neuroaciculum not penetrating epidermis (Fig. 2 D). Notochaetae stouter than neurochaetae, with few, scattered rows of spines and blunt, slightly notched tip (Fig. 2 E); neurochaetae more numerous, with semi-lunar pocket subdistally, numerous faint rows of spines only distally, and unidentate or minutely bidentate tip (with secondary tooth often abraded) (Fig. 2 F, G). Measurements. Holotype of Hermadion? hyalinus: af, L 6 mm, W 3 mm for 17 segments. Remarks. We examined the holotype of Hermadion ? hyalinus G. O. Sars, 1873, an anterior fragment of 17 segments, which according to an accompanying label has been checked by Pettibone in 1971 (and is therefore not included in her revision of 1969) and referred by her to Adyte hyalina (G. O. Sars, 1873). We agree with Pettibone's unpublished opinion, since the holotype shows the main characters of the genus, except for the number of segments. Moreover, the comparison with the descriptions and figures of Adyte assimilis (McIntosh, 1874) in Pettibone (1969) and Barnich and Fiege (2003) showed that both species are identical, with the same type of elytra covered by scattered papillae, neuropodia with a very typical truncate, rounded acicular lobe, and neurochaetae with a semi-lunar pocket and minutely bidentate or unidentate tips. A. assimilis (McIntosh, 1874) becomes a junior synonym of A. hyalina (G. O. Sars, 1873) n. comb., which is redescribed here. Distribution and habitat. Northeastern Atlantic, North Sea, Mediterranean Sea; in 9 to 293 m; facultative commensal of echinoids., Published as part of Bock, Gordon, Fiege, Dieter & Barnich, Ruth, 2010, Revision of Hermadion Kinberg, 1856, with a redescription of Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856, Adyte hyalina (G. O. Sars, 1873) n. comb. and Neopolynoe acanellae (Verrill, 1881) n. comb. (Polychaeta: Polynoidae), pp. 45-61 in Zootaxa 2554 on page 54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.196874, {"references":["Sars, G. O. (1873) Bidrag til kundskaben om dyrelivet paa vore havbanker. Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-selskabet i Christiania, 73 - 119.","McIntosh, W. C. (1874) XXVIII. On the invertebrate fauna and fishes of St. Andrews. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 4, 14, 192 - 207.","McIntosh, W. C. (1876) VII. On British Annelida. Part I. Euphrosynidae, Amphinomidae, Aphroditidae, Polynoidae, Acoetidae, and Sigalionidae. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 9 (7), 371 - 394.","Pettibone, M. H. (1969) Review of some species referred to Scalisetosus McIntosh (Polychaeta, Polynoidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 82, 1 - 30.","Barnich, R. & Fiege, D. (2003) The Aphroditoidea (Annelida: Polychaeta) of the Mediterranean Sea. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 559, 1 - 167."]}

Hermadionella Uschakov, 1982 Uschakov (1982) established the genus Hermadionella for Harmothoe (Eunoa) truncata Moore, 1902 (moved to Hermadion by Moore in 1908) and for Hermadion nipponicus Imajima and Hartman, 1964. We reexamined the holotype of Harmothoe (Eunoa) truncata (ANSP 268), type species of the genus, and confirm the following differentiating characters: 1) in Hermadionella the body is longer with 60 or more segments (versus up to 50 for Hermadion); 2) the notochaetae have two kinds of tips, i.e. blunt and truncate, frayed (versus all with blunt tip in Hermadion); 3) the neurochaetae have a bi- or unidentate tip (versus neurochaetae all unidentate in Hermadion). Although we consider Hermadionella a valid genus, the validity of its species is rather confused. In his description of Hermadionella truncata Uschakov pointed to the fact that H. nipponicus might be a synonym of H. truncata. Unfortunately, the holotype of truncata lacks all elytra today and the respective description given by Moore is not very accurate. We could not investigate the type material of H. nipponicus, since it is also deposited in the collection of the LACM and was not available for loan. Another intriguing point is that Pettibone (1953) considered Eunoe spinicirris Annenkova, 1937 and Eunoe subtruncata Annenkova, 1937 as junior synonyms of H. truncata, but Uschakov (1982) did not mention these species. A revision of this group is needed, but this is beyond the scope of the present paper., Published as part of Bock, Gordon, Fiege, Dieter & Barnich, Ruth, 2010, Revision of Hermadion Kinberg, 1856, with a redescription of Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856, Adyte hyalina (G. O. Sars, 1873) n. comb. and Neopolynoe acanellae (Verrill, 1881) n. comb. (Polychaeta: Polynoidae), pp. 45-61 in Zootaxa 2554 on page 50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.196874, {"references":["Uschakov, P. V. (1982) Polychaetes of the suborder Aphroditiformia of the Arctic Ocean and the northwestern part of the Pacific. Families Aphroditidae and Polynoidae. Fauna of the USSR. Polychaetes, 2 (1), 1 - 271 [in Russian].","Moore, J. P. (1902) Descriptions of some new Polynoidae, with a list of other Polychaeta from North Greenland waters. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 258 - 278.","Imajima, M. & Hartman, O. (1964) The polychaetous annelids of Japan. Part I. Allan Hancock Foundation Publications, 26, 1 - 237.","Pettibone, M. H. (1953) Some scale-bearing polychaetes of Puget Sound and adjacent waters. University of Washington Press, Seattle, 89 pp.","Annenkova, N. (1937) The polychaete fauna of the northern part of the Japan Sea. Issledovanija Morej SSSR / Explorations des Mers de l'URSS, 23, 139 - 216."]}

Genus Adyte Saint-Joseph, 1899 Type species. Hermadion assimile McIntosh, 1874; junior synonym of Hermadion ? hyalinus G. O. Sars, 1873 [new synonymy]. Diagnosis. Body dorsoventrally flattened, long, with up to 70 segments. Fifteen pairs of elytra covering dorsum on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 26, 29, and 32, leaving long tail uncovered. Prostomium bilobed, without cephalic peaks, with three antennae; lateral antennae inserted ventrally to median antenna; two pairs of eyes and a pair of palps present. Parapodia biramous, notopodia shorter and on anterodorsal side of neuropodia; notopodia with elongate acicular lobe, notoaciculum penetrating epidermis; neuropodia with truncate, rounded acicular lobe, without supra-acicular process, neuroaciculum not penetrating epidermis. Notochaetae stouter than neurochaetae, with few, scattered rows of spines and blunt, slightly notched tip; neurochaetae more numerous, with semi-lunar pocket subdistally, numerous faint rows of spines only distally, and minutely bidentate or unidentate tip. Remarks. Hermadion assimile McIntosh, 1874 and H. echini Giard, 1886 were synonymized by Fauvel (1923) and referred to Scalisetosus assimilis (McIntosh, 1874) due to the presence of neurochaetae with semilunar pockets and the absence of cephalic peaks. In her revision of the heterogeneous genus Scalisetosus McIntosh, 1885, Pettibone (1969) referred Scalisetosus assimilis to Adyte which is mainly characterized by a long body with up to 70 segments, the lack of distinct cephalic peaks, neuropodial acicular lobe truncate, rounded, neuroaciculum not penetrating, and neurochaetae with semi-lunar pockets and minutely bidentate or unidentate tip. Hermadion, in contrast, is short-bodied (with up to 50 segments), its neuropodial acicular lobe is elongate, neuroaciculum penetrating the epidermis, the neurochaetae do not have semi-lunar pockets and their tip is always unidentate., Published as part of Bock, Gordon, Fiege, Dieter & Barnich, Ruth, 2010, Revision of Hermadion Kinberg, 1856, with a redescription of Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856, Adyte hyalina (G. O. Sars, 1873) n. comb. and Neopolynoe acanellae (Verrill, 1881) n. comb. (Polychaeta: Polynoidae), pp. 45-61 in Zootaxa 2554 on page 53, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.196874, {"references":["Saint-Joseph, A. de (1899) Annelides polychetes de la rade de Brest et de Paimpol. Annales des Sciences Naturelle, serie 8, 10, 161 - 194.","McIntosh, W. C. (1874) XXVIII. On the invertebrate fauna and fishes of St. Andrews. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 4, 14, 192 - 207.","Sars, G. O. (1873) Bidrag til kundskaben om dyrelivet paa vore havbanker. Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-selskabet i Christiania, 73 - 119.","Giard, A. (1886) Sur Quelques Polynoidiens. Bulletin Scientifique du Departement du Nord, 1, 1 - 18.","Fauvel, P. (1923) Polychetes errantes. Faune de France 5. Lechevalier, Paris, 488 pp.","McIntosh, W. C. (1885) Report on the Annelida Polychaeta collected by H. M. S. \" Challenger \" during the years 1873 - 76. Reports on the scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. \" Challenger \", Zoology, 12, 1 - 554.","Pettibone, M. H. (1969) Review of some species referred to Scalisetosus McIntosh (Polychaeta, Polynoidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 82, 1 - 30."]}

Antarctinoe Barnich, Fiege, Micaletto and Gambi, 2006 We follow Barnich et al. (2006) who confirmed that Hermadion rouchi Gravier, 1911 is a junior synonym of Hermadion ferox Baird, 1865 and moved the species to the new genus Antarctinoe. The presence of cephalic peaks and a neuropodial supra-acicular process, together with notochaetae projecting mainly dorsally to meet mid-dorsally are characteristic for the genus Antarctinoe. study; Antarctinoe, Harmothoe: cf. Barnich et al. 2006; Eunoe: cf. Barnich and Fiege 2003; Neopolynoe: cf. Loshman 1981)., Published as part of Bock, Gordon, Fiege, Dieter & Barnich, Ruth, 2010, Revision of Hermadion Kinberg, 1856, with a redescription of Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856, Adyte hyalina (G. O. Sars, 1873) n. comb. and Neopolynoe acanellae (Verrill, 1881) n. comb. (Polychaeta: Polynoidae), pp. 45-61 in Zootaxa 2554 on pages 47-48, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.196874, {"references":["Barnich, R., Fiege, D., Micaletto, G. & Gambi, M. C. (2006) Redescription of Harmothoe spinosa Kinberg, 1856 (Polychaeta, Polynoidae) and related species from Subantarctic and Antarctic waters, with the erection of a new genus. Journal of Natural History, 40 (1 - 2), 33 - 75.","Gravier, C. (1911) Annelides polychetes recueillies par la seconde expedition antarctique francaise. Deuxieme Expedition Antarctique Francaise (1908 - 1910). Masson et Cie, Paris. 165 pp.","Baird, W. (1865) Contributions towards a monograph of the species of annelids belonging to the Aproditacea, containing a list of the known species, and a description of some new species contained in the National Collection of the British Museum. Journal of the Linnean Society London, Zoology, 8, 172 - 202.","Barnich, R. & Fiege, D. (2003) The Aphroditoidea (Annelida: Polychaeta) of the Mediterranean Sea. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 559, 1 - 167."]}

Eunoe Malmgren, 1866 Fauvel (1950) considered Harmothoe anderssoni Bergstr��m, 1916 as belonging to Hermadion due to the presence of unidentate neurochaetae. The syntypes (SMNH Type- 586) showed that the species also has cephalic peaks and neuropodia with a supra-acicular process. Therefore, we agree with Hartman (1964) who referred the species to Eunoe., Published as part of Bock, Gordon, Fiege, Dieter & Barnich, Ruth, 2010, Revision of Hermadion Kinberg, 1856, with a redescription of Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856, Adyte hyalina (G. O. Sars, 1873) n. comb. and Neopolynoe acanellae (Verrill, 1881) n. comb. (Polychaeta: Polynoidae), pp. 45-61 in Zootaxa 2554 on page 48, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.196874, {"references":["Malmgren, A. J. (1866) Nordiska Hafs-Annulata. Ofversigt af Konglia Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhhandlingar Stockholm, 22 (1), 51 - 110 [read 1865, printed 1866].","Fauvel, P. (1950) Missions du batiment polaire \" Commandant-Charcot \". Recoltes faites en Terre Adelie (1950). I. - Annelides polychetes. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, serie 2, 22, 753 - 773.","Bergstrom, E. (1916) Die Polynoiden der schwedischen Sudpolarexpedition 1901 - 1903. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala, 4, 269 - 304."]}