Author: "Bocconi University" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1,058 results on '"Bocconi University"'

1. Comparing Decision on Aesthetics After Breast Cancer Locoregional Treatment. (CINDERELLA)

Author: European Commission, INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (Porto, Portugal), Cankado GmbH, FCiências.ID - Associação para a Investigação e Desenvolvimento de Ciências (Lisbon, Portugal), Bocconi University, and Maria-Joao Cardoso, Head Breast Surgeon - MD, PhD
Published: 2024

2. Health and Economic Outcomes of Two Different Follow up Strategies in Effectively Cured Advanced Head and Neck Cancer (HETeCo)

Author: Bocconi University and University of Pavia
Published: 2023

3. Safety, Efficacy and Cost Analysis of the Conformable Thoracic Stent Graft With ACTIVE CONTROL (CONFORTA)

Author: W.L.Gore & Associates, Bocconi University, and V. Riambau, MD, PhD, Professor and chief of vascular surgery division
Published: 2021

4. How to Get the Lisbon Strategy Back on Track

Author: Iain Begg, Visiting Professor, European Institute, London School of Economicsand Political Science, UK., Tito Boeri, Professor of Economics, Bocconi University, Milan, and Director,Fondazione Rodolfo Debenedetti, Milan, Italy., László Csaba, Professor of Economics and European Studies, Central EuropeanUniversity, Budapest, and University of Debrecen, as well as Chair,Committee on Economics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.Useful contributions by Etele Baráth, Dóra Gyõrffy, Julius Horvath andZdenek Kudrna are appreciated, without implicating their agreement., Sjef Ederveen, Albert van der Horst and Paul Tang, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis, The Hague,the Netherlands., and Ognian N. Hishow, Senior Research Associate, Stiftung für Wissenschaft und Politik,Berlin, Germany.
Published: 2005
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5. R&D Cooperation and Growth

Author: Cozzi, Guido
Published: 1999
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6. Agriculture to Industry: the End of Intergenerational Coresidence

Author: UCL - SSH/IMMAQ/IRES - Institut de recherches économiques et sociales, University of Verona - Department of Economics, Bocconi University - Dondena Centre (Welfare State and Taxation Unit), Pensieroso, Luca, Sommacal, Alessandro, UCL - SSH/IMMAQ/IRES - Institut de recherches économiques et sociales, University of Verona - Department of Economics, Bocconi University - Dondena Centre (Welfare State and Taxation Unit), Pensieroso, Luca, and Sommacal, Alessandro
Abstract: We show that the structural change of the economy from agriculture to industry was a major determinant of the observed shift in intergenerational coresidence. We build a two-sector overlapping generation model of the structural change out of agriculture, in which the coresidence choice is endogenous. We calibrate the model on US data and simulate it. The model can match well the decline in US intergenerational coresidence between 1870 and 1940.
Published: 2017

7. Modelling the dependence structure of multivariate and spatial extremes

Author: Sisson, Scott, Mathematics & Statistics, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Broniatowski, Michel, University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris 6, Padoan, Simone, Bocconi University of Milan, Beranger, Boris, Mathematics & Statistics, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Sisson, Scott, Mathematics & Statistics, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Broniatowski, Michel, University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris 6, Padoan, Simone, Bocconi University of Milan, and Beranger, Boris, Mathematics & Statistics, Faculty of Science, UNSW
Abstract: Projection of future extreme events is a major issue in a large number of areas including the environment and risk management. Although univariate extreme value theory is well understood, there is an increase in complexity when trying to understand the joint extreme behaviour between two or more variables. Particular interest is given to events that are spatial by nature and which define the context of infinite dimensions. Under the assumption that events correspond marginally to univariate extremes, the main focus is then on the dependence structure that links them.First, we provide a review of parametric dependence models in the multivariate framework and illustrate different estimation strategies. The spatial extension of multivariate extremes is introduced through max-stable processes. We derive the finite-dimensional distribution of the widely used Brown-Resnick model which permits inference via full and composite likelihood methods.We then use Skew-symmetric distributions to develop a spectral representation of a wider max-stable model: the extremal Skew-t model from which most models available in the literature can be recovered. This model has the nice advantages of exhibiting skewness and non-stationarity, two properties often held by environmental spatial events. The latter enables a larger spectrum of dependence structures. Indicators of extremal dependence can be calculated using its finite-dimensional distribution.Finally, we introduce a kernel based non-parametric estimation procedure for univariate and multivariate tail density and apply it for model selection. Our method is illustrated by the example of selection of physical climate models.
Published: 2016

8. The intergenerational transmission of Health in China: Evidence from 7 generations

Author: UCL - SSH/LIDAM/IRES - Institut de recherches économiques et sociales, Maystadt, Jean-François, Migali, Giuseppe, Bocconi University First Dondena workshop, UCL - SSH/LIDAM/IRES - Institut de recherches économiques et sociales, Maystadt, Jean-François, Migali, Giuseppe, and Bocconi University First Dondena workshop
Abstract: We study the intergenerational transmission of health using linked registered data from China between 1789 and 1906. We first document the intergenerational correlations across 7 generations. We then identify intergenerational causal associations comparing children born from twin mothers or fathers. In particular, we find a strong and persistent intergenerational elasticity between mothers and children of about 0.52. The intergenerational association from fathers is much weaker and seems to be largely driven by genetic factors. The estimates remain relatively stable up to generation 5 and are robust to different checks. Overall, our results highlight the nurturing role of women in explaining the intergenerational transmission of health, stressing the key role played by women in affecting children's health outcomes in developing countries.
Published: 2016

9. Economic Development and the Family Structure: from the Pater Familias to the Nuclear Family

Author: UCL - SSH/IMMAQ/IRES - Institut de recherches économiques et sociales, University of Verona and Bocconi University - Department of Economics andEconpubblica, Pensieroso, Luca, Sommacal, Alessandro, UCL - SSH/IMMAQ/IRES - Institut de recherches économiques et sociales, University of Verona and Bocconi University - Department of Economics andEconpubblica, Pensieroso, Luca, and Sommacal, Alessandro
Abstract: We provide a theory that is able to account for the observed comovement between the shift in intergenerational living arrangements from coresidence to non-coresidence and economic development. Our theory is consistent with the diminution in the status of the elderly documented by some sociologists. The results from our analysis show that, when technical progress is fast enough, the economy experiences a shift from stagnation to growth, there is a transition from coresidence to non-coresidence, and the social status of the elderly tends to deteriorate.
Published: 2010

10. The economics of managing patents: qualitative research methodology

Author: European patent summer course (4-5 September 2006: EPO, Bocconi University and University of St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Italia), Van Pottelsberghe, Bruno, European patent summer course (4-5 September 2006: EPO, Bocconi University and University of St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Italia), and Van Pottelsberghe, Bruno
Abstract: info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2006

11. The cost factor in patent systems

Author: Academic seminar (22 February 2006: Bocconi University), Van Pottelsberghe, Bruno, François, Didier, Academic seminar (22 February 2006: Bocconi University), Van Pottelsberghe, Bruno, and François, Didier
Abstract: info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2006

12. Patent policy in the european environment

Author: Intellectual property :a key tool for european competitiveness (23 February 2006: Bocconi University, Milano), Van Pottelsberghe, Bruno, Guellec, Dominique, Intellectual property :a key tool for european competitiveness (23 February 2006: Bocconi University, Milano), Van Pottelsberghe, Bruno, and Guellec, Dominique
Abstract: info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2006

13. Changes in Infrastructure and Tariff Barriers: Local Vs. Global Impacts

Author: UCL - EUEN/CORE - Center for operations research and econometrics, Banca d'Italia, Bocconi University - Department of Economics "Ettore Boccon", University of Tokyo - Faculty of Economics, Behrens, Kristian, Lamorgese, Andrea, Ottaviano, Gianmarco, Tabuchi, Takatoshi, UCL - EUEN/CORE - Center for operations research and econometrics, Banca d'Italia, Bocconi University - Department of Economics "Ettore Boccon", University of Tokyo - Faculty of Economics, Behrens, Kristian, Lamorgese, Andrea, Ottaviano, Gianmarco, and Tabuchi, Takatoshi
Abstract: We develop a multi-country Dixit-Stiglitz model to investigate the impacts of: (i) changes in the international distribution of consumers' expenditure; (ii) decreasing tariffs; and (iii) improvements in transportation infrastructure. We show that, in general, decreasing tariff barriers do not allow for any clear predictions regarding changes in industry location and welfare, whereas this is possible with respect to improvements in transportation infrastructure. In particular, infrastructural improvements have spatially limited impacts when the transportation network is locally described by a tree. Any decrease in transport costs is Pareto welfare enhancing in this case.
Published: 2005

14. Strategic management of innovation and patenting performances

Author: International conference Schumpeter 2004 (9-12 June 2004: International Joseph A. Schumpeter Society, Luigi Bocconi University, Milano, Italy), Van Pottelsberghe, Bruno, Peeters, Carine, International conference Schumpeter 2004 (9-12 June 2004: International Joseph A. Schumpeter Society, Luigi Bocconi University, Milano, Italy), Van Pottelsberghe, Bruno, and Peeters, Carine
Abstract: info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2004

15. Locked into Copenhagen pledges -- Implications of short-term emission targets for the cost and feasibility of long-term climate goals

Author: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) ; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Postdam Institute for Climate Impact Research ; Postdam Institute, Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) ; RIVM, Joint Global Change Research Institute ; Joint Global Change Research Institute, Wageningen University ; wageningen University, PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency ; PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM) ; Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) ; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement (CIRED) ; École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS) - AgroParisTech - Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement [CIRAD] - École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC) - CNRS, équipe EDDEN ; Politiques publiques, ACtion politique, TErritoires (PACTE) ; CNRS - Université Pierre Mendès France (Grenoble 2 UPMF) - Sciences Po Grenoble - Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble (IEPG) - Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble 1 UJF) - CNRS - Université Pierre Mendès France (Grenoble 2 UPMF) - Sciences Po Grenoble - Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble (IEPG) - Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble 1 UJF), Paul Scherrer Institute ; Paul Scherrer Institute, Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth ; Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth, Bocconi University ; Bocconi University, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) ; National Technical University of Athens, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) ; National Institute for Environmental Studies, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, P.O. Box 60 12 03, 14412 Potsdam ; affiliation inconnue, Chaire MPDD, European Project : 265139, ENV, FP7-ENV-2010, AMPERE(2011), Riahi, Keywan, Kriegler, Elmar, Johnson, Nils, Bertram, Christoph, Den Elzen, Michel, Eom, Jiyong, Schaeffer, Michiel, Edmonds, Jae, Isaac, Morna, Krey, Volker, Longden, Thomas, Luderer, Gunnar, Méjean, Aurélie, L Mccollum, David, Mima, Silvana, Turton, Hal, Van Vuuren, Detlef, Wada, Kenichi, Bosetti, Valentina, Capros, Pantelis, Criqui, Patrick, Hamdi-Cherif, Meriem, Kainuma, Mikiko, Edenhofer, Ottmar, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) ; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Postdam Institute for Climate Impact Research ; Postdam Institute, Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) ; RIVM, Joint Global Change Research Institute ; Joint Global Change Research Institute, Wageningen University ; wageningen University, PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency ; PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM) ; Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) ; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement (CIRED) ; École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS) - AgroParisTech - Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement [CIRAD] - École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC) - CNRS, équipe EDDEN ; Politiques publiques, ACtion politique, TErritoires (PACTE) ; CNRS - Université Pierre Mendès France (Grenoble 2 UPMF) - Sciences Po Grenoble - Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble (IEPG) - Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble 1 UJF) - CNRS - Université Pierre Mendès France (Grenoble 2 UPMF) - Sciences Po Grenoble - Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble (IEPG) - Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble 1 UJF), Paul Scherrer Institute ; Paul Scherrer Institute, Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth ; Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth, Bocconi University ; Bocconi University, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) ; National Technical University of Athens, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) ; National Institute for Environmental Studies, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, P.O. Box 60 12 03, 14412 Potsdam ; affiliation inconnue, Chaire MPDD, European Project : 265139, ENV, FP7-ENV-2010, AMPERE(2011), Riahi, Keywan, Kriegler, Elmar, Johnson, Nils, Bertram, Christoph, Den Elzen, Michel, Eom, Jiyong, Schaeffer, Michiel, Edmonds, Jae, Isaac, Morna, Krey, Volker, Longden, Thomas, Luderer, Gunnar, Méjean, Aurélie, L Mccollum, David, Mima, Silvana, Turton, Hal, Van Vuuren, Detlef, Wada, Kenichi, Bosetti, Valentina, Capros, Pantelis, Criqui, Patrick, Hamdi-Cherif, Meriem, Kainuma, Mikiko, and Edenhofer, Ottmar
Abstract: International audience, This paper provides an overview of the AMPERE modeling comparison project with focus on the implications of near-term policies for the costs and attainability of long-term climate objectives. Nine modeling teams participated in the project to explore the consequences of global emissions following the proposed policy stringency of the national pledges from the Copenhagen Accord and Cancún Agreements to 2030. Specific features compared to earlier assessments are the explicit consideration of near-term 2030 emission targets as well as the systematic sensitivity analysis for the availability and potential of mitigation technologies. Our estimates show that a 2030 mitigation effort comparable to the pledges would result in a further "lock-in" of the energy system into fossil fuels and thus impede the required energy transformation to reach low greenhouse-gas stabilization levels (450 ppm CO2e). Major implications include significant increases in mitigation costs, increased risk that low stabilization targets become unattainable, and reduced chances of staying below the proposed temperature change target of 2 °C in case of overshoot. With respect to technologies, we find that following the pledge pathways to 2030 would narrow policy choices, and increases the risks that some currently optional technologies, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) or the large-scale deployment of bioenergy, will become "a must" by 2030.

16. It's a man's world: culture of abuse, #MeToo and worker flows

Author: Batut, Cyprien, Coly, Caroline, Schneider-Strawczynski, Sarah, Paris School of Economics (PSE), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Direction Générale du Trésor et de la Politique Economique (DGTPE), Ministère de l'Economie, des Finances et de l'Industrie, Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Groupe AXA (AXA), Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques (PJSE), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: JEL: J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J8 - Labor Standards: National and International/J.J8.J81 - Working Conditions, JEL: J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J5 - Labor–Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining/J.J5.J52 - Dispute Resolution: Strikes, Arbitration, and Mediation • Collective Bargaining, Occupational Gender Inequality, JEL: J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor/J.J2.J24 - Human Capital • Skills • Occupational Choice • Labor Productivity, JEL: J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J1 - Demographic Economics/J.J1.J16 - Economics of Gender • Non-labor Discrimination, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Sexual harassment, Social Movement, Workflows
Abstract: Sexual harassment and sexists behaviors are pervasive issues in the workplace. Around 12% of women in France have been subjected to toxic behaviors at work in the last year, including sexist comments, moral, sexual or physical harassment, or violence. Such toxic behaviors can not only deter women from entering the labor market, but can also lead them to leave toxic workplaces at their own expense. This article is one of the first to examine the relationship between toxic behaviors and worker flows. We use the #MeToo movement as an exogenous shock to France's workplace norms regarding toxic behaviors. We combine survey data on reported toxic behaviors in firms with exhaustive administrative data to create a measure of toxic behaviors risk for all French establishments. We use a tripledifference strategy comparing female and male worker flows in high-risk versus low-risk firms before and after #MeToo. We find that #MeToo increased women's relative quit rates in higher-risk workplaces, while men's worker flows remained unaffected. This demonstrates the existence of a double penalty for women working in high-risk environments, as they are not only more frequently the victims of toxic behaviors, but are also forced to quit their jobs in order to avoid them.
Published: 2021

17. Extreme expectile estimation for heavy-tailed time series

Author: Padoan, Simone, Stupfler, Gilles, Department of Decision Sciences, Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI), Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique (CREST), Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (ENSAE Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-19-CE40-0013,ExtremReg,Régression extrême avec applications à l'économétrie, l'environnement et à la finance(2019), Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (ENSAE ParisTech )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-19-CE40-0013,ExtremReg,Extremal Regression with Applications to Econometrics, Environment and Finance(2019)
Subjects: Tail copula, [STAT]Statistics [stat], Mixing, Marginal Expected Shortfall, Expectiles, Heavy-tailed distribution, Extrapolation, Asymmetric least squares, Heavy tails, Weak dependence, [STAT.TH]Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH], Extremal dependence, [STAT.ME]Statistics [stat]/Methodology [stat.ME]
Abstract: Expectiles define a least squares analogue of quantiles. They have lately received substantial attention in actuarial and financial risk management contexts. Unlike quantiles, expectiles define coherent risk measures and are determined by tail expectations rather than tail probabilities; unlike the popular Expected Shortfall, they define elicitable risk measures. This has motivated the study of the behaviour and estimation of extreme expectiles in some of the recent statistical literature. The case of stationary but weakly dependent observations has, however, been left largely untouched, even though correctly accounting for the uncertainty present in typical financial applications requires the consideration of dependent data. We investigate here the theoretical and practical behaviour of two classes of extreme expectile estimators in a strictly stationary β−mixing context, containing the classes of ARMA, ARCH and GARCH models with heavy-tailed innovations that are of interest in financial applications. We put a particular emphasis on the construction of asymptotic confidence intervals adapted to the dependence framework, whose performance we contrast with that of the naive intervals obtained from the theory of independent and identically distributed data. The methods are showcased in a numerical simulation study and on real financial data.
Published: 2021

18. On Rationalizability in Extensive Games

Author: Battigalli, Pierpaolo
Published: 1997
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. The Future of Sensitivity Analysis: An Essential Discipline for Systems Modelling and Policy Making

Author: Takuya Iwanaga, Saman Razavi, Hoshin V. Gupta, Clémentine Prieur, Joseph H. A. Guillaume, Elmar Plischke, Xifu Sun, John D. Jakeman, Anthony Jakeman, Holger R. Maier, Bertrand Iooss, Stefan Smith, Vincent Chabridon, Samuele Lo Piano, Nasim Hosseini, Masoud Asadzadeh, Qingyun Duan, R. Sheikholeslami, William E. Becker, Emanuele Borgonovo, Arnald Puy, Stefano Tarantola, Andrea Saltelli, Sergei Kucherenko, Giovanni Rabitti, Nicola Melillo, University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University (ANU), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UOC), Méthodes d'Analyse Stochastique des Codes et Traitements Numériques (GdR MASCOT-NUM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mathematics and computing applied to oceanic and atmospheric flows (AIRSEA), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Performance, Risque Industriel, Surveillance pour la Maintenance et l’Exploitation (EDF R&D PRISME), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Clausthal University of Technology (TU Clausthal), University of Reading (UOR), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Sandia National Laboratories [Albuquerque] (SNL), Sandia National Laboratories - Corporation, University of Arizona, Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering [Pavia], University of Pavia, Department of Actuarial Mathematics and Statistics [Edinburgh], Heriot-Watt University [Edinburgh] (HWU), Hohai University, University of Oxford [Oxford], University of Manitoba [Winnipeg], Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Princeton], Princeton University, University of Bergen (UiB), Imperial College London, University of Adelaide, Chercheur indépendant, Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), University of Oxford, University of South Australia [Adelaide], School of Environment and Sustainability, Department of Decision Sciences, Bocconi University, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Università degli Studi di Pavia, COLLEGE OF HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES HOHAI UNIVERSITY NANJING CHN, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Environmental Change Institute, Imperial College London, Department of Chemical Engineering, and School of Civil Environmental and Mining Engineering [Adelaide]
Subjects: Warrant, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, Management science, Ecological Modeling, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Systems modeling, 01 natural sciences, Structuring, 020801 environmental engineering, Variety (cybernetics), Multidisciplinary approach, [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Uncertainty quantification, Software, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Sensitivity analysis (SA) is en route to becoming an integral part of mathematical modeling. The tremendous potential benefits of SA are, however, yet to be fully realized, both for advancing mechanistic and data-driven modeling of human and natural systems, and in support of decision making. In this perspective paper, a multidisciplinary group of researchers and practitioners revisit the current status of SA, and outline research challenges in regard to both theoretical frameworks and their applications to solve real-world problems. Six areas are discussed that warrant further attention, including (1) structuring and standardizing SA as a discipline, (2) realizing the untapped potential of SA for systems modeling, (3) addressing the computational burden of SA, (4) progressing SA in the context of machine learning, (5) clarifying the relationship and role of SA to uncertainty quantification, and (6) evolving the use of SA in support of decision making. An outlook for the future of SA is provided that underlines how SA must underpin a wide variety of activities to better serve science and society.
Published: 2021

20. Joint inference on extreme expectiles for multivariate heavy-tailed distributions

Author: Padoan, Simone, Stupfler, Gilles, Department of Decision Sciences, Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information (ENSAI), Ensai, Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information, Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique (CREST), Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (ENSAE Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-19-CE40-0013,ExtremReg,Régression extrême avec applications à l'économétrie, l'environnement et à la finance(2019), and Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI)
Subjects: Tail copula, [STAT]Statistics [stat], Expectiles, Testing, Asymmetric least squares, Heavy tails, Joint convergence, [STAT.TH]Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH], Extremal dependence, Joint inference
Abstract: The notion of expectiles, originally introduced in the context of testing for homoscedasticity and conditional symmetry of the error distribution in linear regression, induces a law-invariant, coherent and elicitable risk measure that has received a significant amount of attention in actuarial and financial risk management contexts. A number of recent papers have focused on the behaviour and estimation of extreme expectile-based risk measures and their potential for risk management. Joint inference of several extreme expectiles has however been left untouched; in fact, even the inference of a marginal extreme expectile turns out to be a difficult problem in finite samples. We investigate the simultaneous estimation of several extreme marginal expectiles of a random vector with heavy-tailed marginal distributions. This is done in a general extremal dependence model where the emphasis is on pairwise dependence between the margins. We use our results to derive accurate confidence regions for extreme expectiles, as well as a test for the equality of several extreme expectiles. Our methods are showcased in a finite-sample simulation study and on real financial data.
Published: 2020

21. Vers une approche multidimensionnelle de l'étude de l'attractivité territoriale

Author: musolino, dario, Volget, Stephanie, Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], and Università della Val d'Aosta
Subjects: multidimensional approach, territorial attractiveness, participatory process, Italy, JEL: R - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics/R.R3 - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location, budget allocation process, synthetic indicator, JEL: R - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics/R.R1 - General Regional Economics, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: The attractiveness of regions for firms, investments, tourists, students, workers, talented people, and other categories is a very relevant issue for regional economic development. Its importance is on the increase, due to the increasing relevance of the relationships and flows of investments, people, etc. between countries and regions on the global scale. The growing concern about this question therefore requires a new comprehensive approach to its study that goes beyond partial analytical approaches. The construction of a synthetic indicator that measures the territorial attractiveness multidimensionally is the methodological strategy presented in this work in order to approach this issue from a new point of view (i.e. not only the attractiveness of territories for specific types of flows). This paper discusses these new concerns about territorial attractiveness, presents the methodology chosen for the construction of a synthetic indicator, and presents the results on the basis of the Italian NUTS2 regions. The findings and thematic maps made with this synthetic indicator reveal not only usual, but also new, rather surprising, spatial patterns.
Published: 2020

22. Firm's protection against disasters. Are investment and insurance substitutes or complements?

Author: Caroline Kamate, Valentina Rotondi, Laura Concina, Giuseppe Attanasi, Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion (GREDEG), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Fondation pour une culture de sécurité industrielle (FonCSI), Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], and CODIREM
Subjects: deductible, General Decision Sciences, Deductible, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Lottery, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), small probabilities, Insurance policy, 0502 economics and business, Developmental and Educational Psychology, 050207 economics, Applied Psychology, Risk management, Event (probability theory), Actuarial science, business.industry, technological disasters, 05 social sciences, General Social Sciences, Variance (accounting), Investment (macroeconomics), [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, probability reduction, losses, Computer Science Applications, decision under risk, insurance, Damages, 050206 economic theory, Business, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance, DECISION UNDER RISK, DEDUCTIBLE, INSURANCE, LOSSES, PROBABILITY REDUCTION, SMALL PROBABILITIES, TECHNOLOGICAL DISASTERS
Abstract: International audience; We use a controlled laboratory experiment to study firm's protection against potential technological damages. The probability of a catastrophic event is known, and the firm's costly investment in safety reduces it. The firm can also buy an insurance with full or partial refund against the consequences of the catastrophic event, which ultimately reduces the variance of the firm's investment-in-safety lottery. The firm makes these two choices simultaneously, after observing the insurance contract proposed by an insurer who chooses this contract within a set of premium-deductible combinations. We parametrize the insurer-firm game such that (i) a risk-neutral insurer maximizes his expected profit by offering an actuarially fair contract with full insurance; (ii) a risk-neutral firm is indifferent between investing in safety and accepting a fair insurance contract. We aim at understanding whether investment in safety and insurance are substitutes or complements in the firm's risk management of catastrophic events. In line with our predictions, the experimental results suggest that they are substitutes rather than complements: the firm's investment in safety measures is affected by the insurer's proposed contract, the latter usually involving only partial insurance.
Published: 2020

23. Inference for asymptotically independent samples of extremes

Author: Armelle Guillou, Simone A. Padoan, Stefano Rizzelli, Institut de Recherche Mathématique Avancée (IRMA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Decision Sciences, Bocconi University, and Bocconi University [Milan, Italy]
Subjects: extreme-value copula, Statistics and Probability, Pickands dependence function, Inference, Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), 010104 statistics & probability, EXTREMAL DEPENDENCE, EXTREME-VALUE COPULA, NONPARAMETRIC ESTIMATION, PICKANDS DEPENDENCE FUNCTION, [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], 0502 economics and business, Econometrics, Applied mathematics, 0101 mathematics, Independence (probability theory), 050205 econometrics, Mathematics, Statistical hypothesis testing, Pickands depen- dence function, Numerical Analysis, and phrases: Extremal dependence, 05 social sciences, Probabilistic logic, Estimator, nonparametric estimation, Settore SECS-S/01 - STATISTICA, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Maxima, Extremal dependence
Abstract: International audience; An important topic of the multivariate extreme-value theory is to develop probabilistic models and statistical methods to describe and measure the strength of dependence among extreme observations. The theory is well established for data whose dependence structure is compatible with that of asymptotically dependent models. On the contrary, in many applications data do not comply with asymptotically dependent models and thus new tools are required. This article contributes to the methodological development of such a context, by considering a componentwise maxima approach. First we propose a statistical test based on the classical Pickands dependence function to verify whether asymptotic dependence or independence holds. Then, we present a new Pickands dependence function to describe the extremal dependence under asymptotic independence. Finally, we propose an estimator of the latter, we establish its main asymptotic properties and we illustrate its performance by a simulation study.
Published: 2018

24. MRL-based Importance Measures

Author: Phuc Do, Emanuele Borgonovo, Christophe Bérenguer, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIPSA - Signal et Automatique pour la surveillance, le diagnostic et la biomécanique (GIPSA-SAIGA), Département Automatique (GIPSA-DA), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Département Images et Signal (GIPSA-DIS), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Department of Decision Sciences, Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], and M.Beer & E. Zio
Subjects: [STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Measure (data warehouse), 021103 operations research, Residual life, Computer science, Condition-based maintenance, Rank (computer programming), 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Economic dependence, Reliability, Residual, Preventive maintenance, Multicomponent system, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Reliability engineering, Important measure, Component (UML), Importance measure, Metric (unit), Reliability (statistics)
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, we propose a novel importance measure, namely LIM, which is defined as the improvement ability in the system residual life when replacing a component/group of components at a given time. LIM measure allows considering the current condition (state or degradation level) of all components at given time and the system structure into a single metric to rank a component/group of components regarding to the system life time improvement ability. Moreover, to take into account economic aspects (e.g., preventive maintenance costs, benefit gained by preventive maintenance and economic dependence between components), an extension of LIM measure is then investigated. Thanks to LIM measure and its extension, a component/group of components can be ”optimally” selected for preventive maintenance regarding to the technical criterion (residual life of the system) and/or the economic issues (benefit and cost). A numerical example of a 4-component system is introduced to illustrate the use and the advantages of the proposed importance measures.
Published: 2019

25. Invariant methods for an ensemble-based sensitivity analysis of a passive containment cooling system of an AP1000 nuclear power plant

Author: Giancarlo Nicola, Enrico Zio, Francesco Di Maio, Emanuele Borgonovo, Chaire Sciences des Systèmes et Défis Energétiques EDF/ECP/Supélec (SSEC), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF)-CentraleSupélec-SUPELEC-Ecole Centrale Paris, Laboratoire Génie Industriel - EA 2606 (LGI), CentraleSupélec, Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Department of Decision Sciences, Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Ecole Centrale Paris-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-CentraleSupélec-EDF R&D (EDF R&D), and EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF)
Subjects: Risk, [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Engineering, UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS, Ensemble of methods, Beta Method, 020209 energy, RISK ANALYSIS, Probability density function, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, RISK ANALYSIS, SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS, UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, law.invention, System model, Thermal hydraulics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], symbols.namesake, Invariant sensitivity analysis methods, Control theory, law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, AP1000 Nuclear Power Plant, Delta method, Pearson correlation ratio, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Applied Mathematics, SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, Pressurized water reactor, Mixture model, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, Reliability and Quality, symbols, Safety, business, Loss-of-coolant accident
Abstract: International audience; Sensitivity Analysis (SA) is performed to gain fundamental insights on a system behavior that is usually reproduced by a model and to identify the most relevant input variables whose variations affect the system model functional response. For the reliability analysis of passive safety systems of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs), models are Best Estimate (BE) Thermal Hydraulic (TH) codes, that predict the system functional response in normal and accidental conditions and, in this paper, an ensemble of three alternative invariant SA methods is innovatively set up for a SA on the TH code input variables. The ensemble aggregates the input variables raking orders provided by Pearson correlation ratio, Delta method and Beta method. The capability of the ensemble is shown on a BE-TH code of the Passive Containment Cooling System (PCCS) of an Advanced Pressurized water reactor AP1000, during a Loss Of Coolant Accident (LOCA), whose output probability density function (pdf) is approximated by a Finite Mixture Model (FMM), on the basis of a limited number of simulations.
Published: 2016

26. Incomplete-Information Models of Guilt Aversion in the Trust Game

Author: Elena Manzoni, Pierpaolo Battigalli, Giuseppe Attanasi, Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (BETA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Decision Sciences, Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Giuseppe Attanasi gratefully acknowledges financial support from ERC starting grant DU 283953. Pierpaolo Battigalli gratefully acknowledges financial support from ERC advanced grant 324219. Elena Manzoni gratefully acknowledges financial support from PRIN 2010-2011 'New Approaches to political economy: positive political theories, empirical evidence and experiments in laboratory'., Attanasi, G, Battigalli, P, and Manzoni, E
Subjects: JEL: D - Microeconomics/D.D3 - Distribution, Strategy and Management, Population, Management Science and Operations Research, Behavioral economics, Guilt, Incomplete information, Psychological games, Trust Game, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Microeconomics, Dictator game, Complete information, 0502 economics and business, Common knowledge, Economics, JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C9 - Design of Experiments/C.C9.C91 - Laboratory, Individual Behavior, Trust games, 050207 economics, Settore SECS-P/01 - Economia Politica, education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 050205 econometrics, Non-cooperative game, education.field_of_study, 05 social sciences, psychological games, trust game, guilt, incomplete information, ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING, Screening game, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Settore SECS-P/03 - Scienza delle Finanze, JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C7 - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory/C.C7.C72 - Noncooperative Games, Repeated game, Psychological game, PSYCHOLOGICAL GAMES, TRUST GAME, GUILT, INCOMPLETE INFORMATION, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: International audience; In the theory of psychological games it is assumed that players preferences on material consequences depend on endogenous beliefs. Most of the applications of this theoretical framework assume that the psychological utility functions representing such preferences are common knowledge. But this is often unrealistic. In particular, it cannot be true in experimental games where players are subjects drawn at random from a population. Therefore an incomplete-information methodology is called for. We take a Örst step in this direction, focusing on models of guilt aversion in the Trust Game. We consider two alternative modeling assumptions: guilt aversion depends on the role played in the game, because only the ìtrusteeîcan feel guilt for letting the co-player down, guilt aversion is independent of the role played in the game. We show how the set of Bayesian equilibria changes as the upper bound on guilt sensitivity varies, and we compare this with the complete-information case. Our analysis illustrates the incomplete-information approach to psychological games and can help organize experimental results in the Trust Game
Published: 2016

27. Plasminogen activation triggers transthyretin amyloidogenesis in vitro

Author: Mangione, P. Patrizia, Verona, Guglielmo, Corazza, Alessandra, Marcoux, Julien, Canetti, Diana, Giorgetti, Sofia, Raimondi, Sara, Stoppini, Monica, Esposito, Marilena, Relini, Annalisa, Canale, Claudio, Valli, Maurizia, Marchese, Loredana, Faravelli, Giulia, Obici, Laura, Hawkins, Philip, Taylor, Graham, Gillmore, Julian, Pepys, Mark, Bellotti, Vittorio, Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Institut de pharmacologie et de biologie structurale (IPBS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Department of Biochemistry, Università degli Studi di Pavia, University of Genoa (UNIGE), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione 'Istituto Neurologico Nazionale C. Mondino', Imperial College London, Dept Mol Med, and University of Pavia
Subjects: [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], fibril, mechano-enzymatic mechanism, amyloid, systemic amyloidosis, nutritional and metabolic diseases, protease, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, transthyretin, protein aggregation, amyloid fibrillogenesis, amyloidogenesis, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), Molecular Biology
Abstract: International audience; Systemic amyloidosis is a usually fatal disease caused by extracellular accumulation of abnormal protein fibers, amyloid fibrils, derived by misfolding and aggregation of soluble globular plasma protein precursors. Both WT and genetic variants of the normal plasma protein transthyretin (TTR) form amyloid, but neither the misfolding leading to fibrillogenesis nor the anatomical localization of TTR amyloid deposition are understood. We have previously shown that, under physiological conditions, trypsin cleaves human TTR in a mechano-enzymatic mechanism that generates abundant amyloid fibrils in vitro. In sharp contrast, the widely used in vitro model of denaturation and aggregation of TTR by prolonged exposure to pH 4.0 yields almost no clearly defined amyloid fibrils. However, the exclusive duodenal location of trypsin means that this enzyme cannot contribute to systemic extracellular TTR amyloid deposition in vivo. Here, we therefore conducted a bioinformatics search for systemically active tryptic proteases with appropriate tissue distribution, which unexpectedly identified plasmin as the leading
Published: 2018

28. Culminating events and time working together in top management teams: insights from private equity

Author: Francesco Castellaneta, Carlo Salvato, SKEMA Business School, Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion (GREDEG), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], and HCC
Subjects: Process (engineering), Strategy and Management, media_common.quotation_subject, TIME WORKING TOGETHER, PRIVATE EQUITY, LEARNING, TOP MANAGEMENT TEAMS, Geography, Planning and Development, LEARNING, 0502 economics and business, Top management, 050207 economics, Marketing, Function (engineering), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Event (computing), business.industry, 05 social sciences, PRIVATE EQUITY, Moderation, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Test (assessment), Culmination, Private equity, TOP MANAGEMENT TEAMS, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Business, 050203 business & management, Finance, TIME WORKING TOGETHER
Abstract: In some managerial contexts, performance is measured by the results of a rare event that is itself the culmination of a long and ongoing process of daily decision making. In the private equity (PE) industry, for example, a firm makes a limited number of investments throughout its life. However, selecting these few investments requires the firm to engage in a large number of decision-making activities to evaluate the much larger array of potential investments. This raises the interesting possibility that the performance of each culminating event is not a function of the number of previously completed tasks, as it has been conceived previously, but is in fact a function of the accumulation of daily decision making that may or may not culminate in actual buyouts. To understand performance drivers in this and similar contexts, we examine and test the performance effect of the time that members of a PE top management team (TMT) spend working together to evaluate potential investments, and untangle this effect from the number of investments the TMT has bought and sold previously. Our data reveal a U-shaped relationship between time working together (TWT) and buyout performance, and a moderation effect of TMT heterogeneity and TMT support staff size. These findings extend our knowledge of executive decision making in PE firms, and in all managerial contexts where rare decision events are the culmination of an extended process of daily decision making.
Published: 2018

29. Learning or inertia? The impact of experience and knowledge codification on post-acquisition integration

Author: Francesco Castellaneta, Giovanni Valentini, Maurizio Zollo, SKEMA Business School, Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion (GREDEG), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), IESE Business School, Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], and ESIA
Subjects: Persistence (psychology), Economics and Econometrics, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, Sample (statistics), M&A, Learning, Inertia, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Microeconomics, Inertial effect, Key factors, Variation (linguistics), 0502 economics and business, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Learning, 050207 economics, 050203 business & management, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, M&amp
Abstract: This article develops and tests a theory on the evolution of complex organizational decisions, such as the decision to integrate (or not) a target company during the post-acquisition management phase. Using a sample of US bank mergers, we show that persistence in—or variation of—integration decisions depends on two key factors: integration experience and related knowledge codification. Integration experience tends to generate persistence in the integration decision, which is associated with poor deal performance. Moreover, we show that when knowledge codification is low, the persistence caused by integration experience further increases. However, when knowledge codification is sufficiently high, the inertial effect of experience diminishes significantly. Hence, high levels of knowledge codification can weaken the effects of decision inertia, which suggests that as knowledge codification increases, the role of knowledge codification switches from strengthening inertia to promoting learning.
Published: 2018

30. A novel mechano-enzymatic cleavage mechanism underlies transthyretin amyloidogenesis

Author: Sofia Giorgetti, Julien Marcoux, Palma Mangione, Ciro Cecconi, Graham W. Taylor, Monica Stoppini, Justin L. P. Benesch, Riccardo Porcari, Mohsin M. Naqvi, Guglielmo Verona, Philip N. Hawkins, Carol V. Robinson, Sarah Sanglier-Cianférani, Mark B. Pepys, Matteo T. Degiacomi, Sara Raimondi, Vittorio Bellotti, Julian D. Gillmore, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique [Strasbourg] (LSMBO), Département Sciences Analytiques et Interactions Ioniques et Biomoléculaires (DSA-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wolfson Drug Discovery Unit, University College of London [London] (UCL), Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Imperial College London, Department of Biochemistry, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Loughborough University, Dept Mol Med, and University of Pavia
Subjects: Tafamidis, amyloid, mechano‐enzymatic cleavage, transthyretin, Proteolysis, Protomer, macromolecular substances, Gene Therapy & Genetic Disease, Cleavage (embryo), 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Prealbumin, Binding site, Research Articles, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, Amyloidosis, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Fibrillogenesis, medicine.disease, Peptide Fragments, nervous system diseases, Transthyretin, chemistry, Biochemistry, Biophysics, biology.protein, Molecular Medicine, mechano-enzymatic cleavage, transthyretin Subject Categories Genetics, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; The mechanisms underlying transthyretin-related amyloidosis in vivo remain unclear. The abundance of the 49-127 transthyretin fragment in ex vivo deposits suggests that a proteolytic cleavage has a crucial role in destabilizing the tetramer and releasing the highly amyloidogenic 49-127 truncated protomer. Here, we investigate the mechanism of cleavage and release of the 49-127 fragment from the prototypic S52P variant, and we show that the proteolysis/fibrillogenesis pathway is common to several amyloidogenic variants of transthyretin and requires the action of biomechanical forces provided by the shear stress of physiological fluid flow. Crucially, the non-amyloidogenic and protective T119M variant is neither cleaved nor generates fibrils under these conditions. We propose that a mechano-enzymatic mechanism mediates transthyretin amyloid fibrillogenesis in vivo. This may be particularly important in the heart where shear stress is greatest; indeed, the 49-127 transthyretin fragment is particularly abundant in cardiac amyloid. Finally, we show that existing transthyretin stabilizers, including tafamidis, inhibit proteolysis-mediated transthyretin fibrillogenesis with different efficiency in different variants; however, inhibition is complete only when both binding sites are occupied.
Published: 2015

31. Paternalism, homophily and cultural transmission in random networks

Author: Fabrizio Panebianco, Thierry Verdier, Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], IGIER, Paris School of Economics (PSE), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques (PJSE), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC), Center for Economic Policy Research (CEPR), CEPR, and Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Cultural transmission, Diffusion, Homophily, Social networks, Finance, Economics and Econometrics, JEL: L - Industrial Organization/L.L1 - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance/L.L1.L14 - Transactional Relationships • Contracts and Reputation • Networks, Settore SECS-P/01 - ECONOMIA POLITICA, Paternalism, Microeconomics, Cultural diversity, JEL: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth/O.O3 - Innovation • Research and Development • Technological Change • Intellectual Property Rights/O.O3.O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences • Diffusion Processes, 0502 economics and business, Economics, 050207 economics, Socioeconomics, Cultural transmission in animals, 050205 econometrics, Random graph, JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C7 - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory/C.C7.C73 - Stochastic and Dynamic Games • Evolutionary Games • Repeated Games, 05 social sciences, Degree distribution, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Transmission (telecommunications), Epidemic model
Abstract: International audience; We study cultural diffusion in a random network where the transition probabilities are determined by a cultural transmission technology with endogenous vertical transmission rates (à la Bisin and Verdier, 2001). We present a two-way epidemic model in which both the infection and the recovery rates are endogenous and depend on the topology of the network. We characterize two balancing conditions satisfied by the network degree distribution and the vertical transmission rate distribution to ensure the sustainability of long run cultural heterogeneity. We discuss the effects of cultural homophily and paternalistic motivations for cultural transmission on the persistence of steady state cultural diversity.
Published: 2017

32. Conditional reliability-based importance measures

Author: Do Van, Phuc, Bérenguer, Christophe, Emanuele, Borgonovo, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), GIPSA - Signal et Automatique pour la surveillance, le diagnostic et la biomécanique (GIPSA-SAIGA), Département Automatique (GIPSA-DA), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Département Images et Signal (GIPSA-DIS), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Department of Decision Sciences, Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Do, Phuc
Subjects: [SPI.AUTO] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, conditional reliability, economic dependence, importance measures, multi-component system, maintenance decision-making, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic
Abstract: International audience; Reliability importance measures are widely used for decision-aiding in reliability studies, risk analyses and maintenance optimization. We propose a novel time-dependent importance measure for multi-non repairable component systems. The proposed importance measure of a component/group of components is defined as its ability in improving the system reliability given the components' condition. To take into account economic aspects (e.g., maintenance costs, economic dependence between components and the cost benefit thanks to maintenance operations), an extension of the proposed importance measure is then investigated. Thanks to these proposed importance measures, the component/group of components can be "optimally" selected for preventive maintenance regarding to the reliability criteria and/or the financial issues. A numerical example of a 5-component system is introduced to illustrate the use and the advantages of the proposed importance measures.
Published: 2017

33. A specific nanobody prevents amyloidogenesis of D76N β2-microglobulin in vitro and modifies its tissue distribution in vivo

Author: Raimondi, Sara, Porcari, Riccardo, Mangione, P. Patrizia, Verona, Guglielmo, Marcoux, Julien, Giorgetti, Sofia, Taylor, Graham W., Ellmerich, Stephan, Ballico, Maurizio, Zanini, Stefano, Pardon, Els, Al-Shawi, Raya, Simons, J. Paul, Corazza, Alessandra, Fogolari, Federico, Leri, Manuela, Stefani, Massimo, Bucciantini, Monica, Gillmore, Julian D., Hawkins, Philip N., Valli, Maurizia, Stoppini, Monica, Robinson, Carol V., Steyaert, Jan, Esposito, Gennaro, Bellotti, Vittorio, Department of Biochemistry, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Wolfson Drug Discovery Unit, University College of London [London] (UCL), Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Institut de pharmacologie et de biologie structurale (IPBS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, University of Oxford [Oxford]-Chemistry Research Laboratory, Imperial College London, Structural Biology Brussels (SBB), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi di Udine - University of Udine [Italie], Research Centre on the Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration, Loughborough University, Dept Mol Med, University of Pavia, Department of Bio-engineering Sciences, and Structural Biology Brussels
Subjects: Mice, Knockout, Amyloid, Proteins, NMR, Nanobodies, Amyloid, Mice, 129 Strain, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Mutation, Missense, Proteins, Amyloidosis, Single-Domain Antibodies, Protein Aggregation, Pathological, Article, NMR, Protein Aggregates, general, Cell Line, Tumor, Doxycycline, Animals, Humans, Nanobodies, Tissue Distribution, beta 2-Microglobulin
Abstract: International audience; Systemic amyloidosis is caused by misfolding and aggregation of globular proteins in vivo for which effective treatments are urgently needed. Inhibition of protein self-aggregation represents an attractive therapeutic strategy. Studies on the amyloidogenic variant of β 2-microglobulin, D76N, causing hereditary systemic amyloidosis, have become particularly relevant since fibrils are formed in vitro in physiologically relevant conditions. Here we compare the potency of two previously described inhibitors of wild type β 2-microglobulin fibrillogenesis, doxycycline and single domain antibodies (nanobodies). The β 2-microglobulin-binding nanobody, Nb24, more potently inhibits D76N β 2-microglobulin fibrillogenesis than doxycycline with complete abrogation of fibril formation. In β 2-microglobulin knock out mice, the D76N β 2-microglobulin/ Nb24 pre-formed complex, is cleared from the circulation at the same rate as the uncomplexed protein; however, the analysis of tissue distribution reveals that the interaction with the antibody reduces the concentration of the variant protein in the heart but does not modify the tissue distribution of wild type β 2-microglobulin. These findings strongly support the potential therapeutic use of this antibody in the treatment of systemic amyloidosis. β 2-microglobulin (β 2 m) causes a iatrogenic form of systemic amyloidosis when associated to long term haemodialysis 1 and is associated with a familial form of the disease in the presence of the D76N mutation, characterized by progressive bowel disfunction and extensive amyloid deposits in the spleen, liver, heart, salivary glands and nerves 2 .
Published: 2017

34. Posterior Concentration Rates for Counting Processes with Aalen Multiplicative Intensities

Author: Judith Rousseau, Vincent Rivoirard, Catia Scricciolo, Sophie Donnet, Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées (MIA-Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision (CEREMADE), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique (CREST), Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (ENSAE ParisTech )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Scienze delle Decision, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], ANR-11-BS01-0010,Calibration,Calibration statistique(2011), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (ENSAE Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), French Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR 2011 BS01 010 01], Bocconi University, and 'Chaire Economie et Gestion des Nouvelles Donnees', under Institut Louis Bachelier, Havas-Media and Paris-Dauphine
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Statistics and Probability, General theorem, Applied Mathematics, 010102 general mathematics, Multiplicative function, Aalen model, counting processes, Dirichlet process mixtures, posterior concentration rates, [STAT.TH]Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH], Density estimation, 01 natural sciences, Methodology (stat.ME), Combinatorics, Dirichlet process, 010104 statistics & probability, Monotone polygon, [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], Applied mathematics, 0101 mathematics, Statistics - Methodology, Mathematics
Abstract: We provide general conditions to derive posterior concentration rates for Aalen counting processes. The conditions are designed to resemble those proposed in the literature for the problem of density estimation, for instance in Ghosal et al. (2000), so that existing results on density estimation can be adapted to the present setting. We apply the general theorem to some prior models including Dirichlet process mixtures of uniform densities to estimate monotone non-increasing intensities and log-splines., 26 pages
Published: 2017

35. The Matching Function: A Unified Look into the Black Box

Author: Angelis, Georgios, Bramoullé, Yann, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], IGIER, Aix-Marseille Sciences Economiques (AMSE), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-EURE-0020,AMSE (EUR),Aix-Marseille School of Economics(2017), and ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011)
Subjects: Bramoullé, IGIER, Bocconi University, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance
Abstract: In this paper, we use tools from network theory to trace the properties of the matching function to the structure of granular connections between applicants and firms. We link seemingly disparate parts of the literature and recover existing functional forms as special cases. Our overarching message is that structure counts. For rich structures, captured by non-random networks, the matching function depends on whole sets rather than just the sizes of the two sides of the market. For less rich-random network-structures it depends on the sizes of the two sides and a few structural parameters. Structures characterized by greater asymmetries reduce the matching function's efficacy, while denser structures can have ambiguous effects on it. For the special case of the Erdös-Rényi network, we show that the way the network varies with the sizes of the two sides of the market determines if the matching function exhibits constant returns to scale, or even if it is of a specific functional form, such as CES.
Published: 2023

36. Total Effects with Constrained Features

Author: Borgonovo, Emanuele, Plischke, Elmar, Prieur, Clémentine, Bocconi Institute for Data Science and Analytics (BIDSA), Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Technische Universität Clausthal (TU Clausthal), Méthodes d'Analyse Stochastique des Codes et Traitements Numériques (GdR MASCOT-NUM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mathematics and computing applied to oceanic and atmospheric flows (AIRSEA), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)
Subjects: U-Statistics, [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], Feature Importance, Winding Stairs, Constrained Features
Abstract: Recent studies have emphasized the connection between machine learning feature importance measures and total order sensitivity indices (total effects, henceforth). Feature correlations and the need to avoid unrestricted permutations make the estimation of these indices challenging. Additionally, there is no established theory or approach for non-Cartesian domains. We propose four alternative strategies for computing total effects that account for both dependent and constrained features. Our first approach involves a generalized winding stairs design combined with the Knothe-Rosenblatt transformation. Our second approach is a U-statistic estimator that combines the Jansen intuition with a weighting factor. The U-statistic framework allows the derivation of a central limit theorem for this estimator. However, this design is computationally intensive. Then, our third approach uses derangements to significantly reduce computational burden. We prove consistency and central limit theorems for these estimators as well. Our fourth approach is based on a nearest-neighbour intuition and it further reduces computational burden. We test these estimators through a series of increasingly complex computational experiments with features constrained on compact and connected domains (circle, simplex), non-compact and non-connected domains (Sierpinski gaskets), and conclude with an application to a realistic simulator.
Published: 2023

37. Do Immigrants Cause Crime?

Author: Milo Bianchi, Paolo Pinotti, Paolo Buonanno, Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques (PJSE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris School of Economics (PSE), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Bergamo, Bank of Italy, Dauphine Recherches en Management (DRM), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bocconi University, and Bocconi University [Milan, Italy]
Subjects: crime, immigration, causality, JEL: F - International Economics/F.F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business/F.F2.F22 - International Migration, crime,Immigration,crime, media_common.quotation_subject, Immigration, Crime, Settore SECS-P/02 - Politica Economica, jel:K42, jel:F22, mental disorders, 0502 economics and business, Immigration, crime, Immigration and crime, JEL: J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J1 - Demographic Economics/J.J1.J15 - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants • Non-labor Discrimination, JEL: K - Law and Economics/K.K4 - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior/K.K4.K42 - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law, 050207 economics, Settore SECS-P/01 - Economia Politica, health care economics and organizations, Immigrant population, 050205 econometrics, media_common, Incidence (epidemiology), 05 social sciences, Instrumental variable, JEL: R - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics/R.R1 - General Regional Economics/R.R1.R10 - General, social sciences, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, 16. Peace & justice, Geography, jel:R10, jel:J15, 8. Economic growth, Crime rate, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, population characteristics, Demographic economics, immigration,crime, Empirical relationship, human activities, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Abstract: In this paper we examine the empirical relationship between immigration and crime across Italian provinces during the period 1990-2003. Drawing on police administrative data, we first document that the size of immigrant population is positively correlated with the incidence of property crimes and with the overall crime rate. Then, we use instrumental variables based on migration toward other European countries to identify the causal impact of exogenous changes of immigrant population in Italy. According to these estimates, immigration increases only the incidence of robberies, while leaving unaffected all other types of crime. Since robberies represent a very minor fraction of all criminal offenses, the effect on the overall crime rate is not significantly different from zero., Dans cet article nous examinons le rapport empirique entre immigration et crime dans les provinces italiennes pendant la période 1990-2003. Travaillant à partie de données administratives de la police, nous constatons d'abord que la taille de la population immigrée est positivement correlée avec la fréquence des atteintes à la propriété et avec le taux de criminalité dans son ensemble. Puis, nous employons des variables instrumentales basées sur la migration vers d'autres pays européens pour identifier l'impact des changements exogènes de la population immigrée en Italie. Selon ces évaluations, l'immigration augmente seulement la fréquence des vols avec violence, tout en laissant inchangé la fréquence de tous autres types de crime. Puisque les vols avec violence représentent une fraction très mineure de toutes les offenses criminelles, l'effet sur le taux de crime global n'est pas sensiblement différent de zéro.
Published: 2012

38. D25V apolipoprotein C-III variant causes dominant hereditary systemic amyloidosis and confers cardiovascular protective lipoprotein profile

Author: Valleix, S., Guglielmo Verona, Jourde-Chiche, N., Nédelec, B., Mangione, P. P., Bridoux, F., Mangé, A., Dogan, A., Goujon, J. -M, Lhomme, M., Dauteuille, C., Chabert, M., Porcari, R., Waudby, C. A., Relini, A., Talmud, P. J., Kovrov, O., Olivecrona, G., Stoppini, M., Christodoulou, J., Hawkins, P. N., Grateau, G., Delpech, M., Kontush, A., Gillmore, J. D., Kalopissis, A. D., Bellotti, V., Laboratoire de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Vascular research center of Marseille (VRCM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Physiopathologie de l'Endothelium, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), Service de Néphrologie CHU Poitiers, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM - U1194 Inserm - UM), CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Mayo Clinic, Service d’Anapathomopathologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of London [London], Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Centre For Cardiovascular Genetics, Royal Free and UCL Medical School, Umeå University, Dept Mol Med, Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit, Kids Research Institute-Westmead Hospital [Sydney], Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, The University of Sydney, Discipline of Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School-The University of Sydney, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Westmead Hospital [Sydney], CHU Tenon [AP-HP], CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], UCL, Ctr Amyloidosis & Acute Phase Prot, University College of London [London] (UCL)-University ofLondon, l’Association Franc ̧aise contre l’Amylose, the Institut Nationalde la Sante ́et de la Recherche Me ́dicale (INSERM) and the French National ReferenceCenter for AL amyloidosis, the UK NHS Research and Development funds, theUniversity College London Amyloidosis Research Fund and grants from the UK MedicalResearch Council (MR/K000187/1), the Rosetrees Trust/Royal Free Charity PhDprogramme (M427), the British Heart Foundation (PG08/008), the Wellcome TrustInvestigator Award (097806/Z/11/Z), the Cariplo Foundation Projects (2014–0700 and2013-0964), the Telethon Grant GG14127, the INBB (National Institute of Biostructuresand Biosystems), the Italian Ministry of Health and the Italian Ministry of University andResearch (Projects FIRB RBFR109EOS), Laboratoire commun de biologie et génétique moléculaires [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], DIGNAT-GEORGE, Françoise, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Vascular research center of Marseille ( VRCM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] ( LA CONCEPTION ), Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers ( CHU Poitiers ), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition ( ICAN ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], University of Genoa ( UNIGE ), University of Pavia, Children's Hospital at Westmead-Kids Research Institute, The University of Sydney [Sydney], Sydney Medical School-The University of Sydney [Sydney], Children's Hospital at Westmead, University College of London [London] ( UCL ) -University ofLondon, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), University of Genoa (UNIGE), and Westmead Hospital [Sydney]-Kids Research Institute
Subjects: Adult, Male, Hyperlipoproteinemias, Science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Missense, Medical Biotechnology (with a focus on Cell Biology (including Stem Cell Biology), Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry or Biopharmacy), Lipoproteins, VLDL, bcs, Article, LIPASE ACTIVITY, OF-FUNCTION MUTATIONS, Humans, Medicinsk bioteknologi (med inriktning mot cellbiologi (inklusive stamcellsbiologi), molekylärbiologi, mikrobiologi, biokemi eller biofarmaci), Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Apolipoprotein C-III, CELLULAR CHOLESTEROL EFFLUX, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Base Sequence, Amyloidosis, Middle Aged, LIPID-BINDING, ANTIOXIDATIVE ACTIVITY, Pedigree, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], HDL PARTICLES, A-I, ELEVATED OXIDATIVE STRESS, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), France, Lipoproteins, HDL, DENSE LDL, TRIGLYCERIDE-RICH LIPOPROTEINS
Abstract: Apolipoprotein C-III deficiency provides cardiovascular protection, but apolipoprotein C-III is not known to be associated with human amyloidosis. Here we report a form of amyloidosis characterized by renal insufficiency caused by a new apolipoprotein C-III variant, D25V. Despite their uremic state, the D25V-carriers exhibit low triglyceride (TG) and apolipoprotein C-III levels, and low very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)/high high-density lipoprotein (HDL) profile. Amyloid fibrils comprise the D25V-variant only, showing that wild-type apolipoprotein C-III does not contribute to amyloid deposition in vivo. The mutation profoundly impacts helical structure stability of D25V-variant, which is remarkably fibrillogenic under physiological conditions in vitro producing typical amyloid fibrils in its lipid-free form. D25V apolipoprotein C-III is a new human amyloidogenic protein and the first conferring cardioprotection even in the unfavourable context of renal failure, extending the evidence for an important cardiovascular protective role of apolipoprotein C-III deficiency. Thus, fibrate therapy, which reduces hepatic APOC3 transcription, may delay amyloid deposition in affected patients., Decrease in Apolipoprotein C-III (ApoC-III) yields a cardioprotective lipoprotein profile. Here, Valleix et al. reveal a novel ApoC-III variant conferring low plasma ApoC-III concentration and cardioprotection despite renal insufficiency, and, unexpectedly, causing dominant hereditary systemic amyloidosis due to its fibrillogenic nature.
Published: 2016

39. Too Many Cooks Spoil the Broth? Geographic Concentration, Social Norms, and Knowledge Transfer

Author: Gianmario Verona, Giada Di Stefano, Andrew King, Haldemann, Antoine, Groupement de Recherche et d'Etudes en Gestion à HEC (GREGH), Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], and HEC Paris Research Paper Series
Subjects: History, 050402 sociology, Polymers and Plastics, Geographic Concentration, Process (engineering), Density, Hospitality Industry, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Knowledge Transfer, Compliance (psychology), Microeconomics, 0504 sociology, 0502 economics and business, Economics, Social Norms, Field Experiment, Business and International Management, 050207 economics, Social science research, Reciprocal inter-insurance exchange, business.industry, 05 social sciences, GEOGRAPHIC CONCENTRATION, DENSITY, KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER, SOCIAL NORMS, FIELD EXPERIMENT, HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY, Public relations, Hospitality industry, Property rights, Private knowledge, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, business, [SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Knowledge transfer, 050203 business & management
Abstract: A long tradition in social science research emphasizes the potential for knowledge to flow among firms colocated in dense areas. Scholars have suggested numerous modes for these flows, including the voluntary transfer of private knowledge from one firm to another. Why would the holder of valuable private knowledge willingly transfer it to a potential and closely proximate competitor? In this paper, we argue that geographic concentration has an effect on the expected compliance with norms governing the use of transferred knowledge. The increased expected compliance favors trust and initiates a process of reciprocal exchange. To test our theory, we use a scenario-based field experiment in gourmet cuisine, an industry in which property rights do not effectively protect knowledge and geographic concentration is common. Our results confirm our conjecture by showing that the expectation that a potential colocated firm will abide by norms mediates the relationship between geographic concentration and the willingness to transfer private knowledge.
Published: 2016

40. Please Call Again: Correcting Nonresponse Bias in Treatment Effect Models

Author: Thomas Le Barbanchon, Bruno Crépon, Luc Behaghel, Marc Gurgand, Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques (PSE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris School of Economics (PSE), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique (CREST), Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (ENSAE Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], IGIER, Ce travail a bénéficié d'une aide de l'Etat gérée par l'Agence Nationale de la Recherche au titre du programme « Investissements d'avenir » portant la référence ANR-10-LABX-93-01. This work was supported by the French National Research Agency, through the program Investissements d'Avenir, ANR-10--LABX_93-01, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (ENSAE ParisTech )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Behaghel, Luc
Subjects: Heckit model, Bounding approach of Lee, Economics and Econometrics, TREATMENT EFFECT MODEL, Average treatment effect, Sample selection, Identification, Attrition, SURVEY NONRESPONSE, Sample (statistics), RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL, law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, Bounding overwatch, law, 0502 economics and business, Statistics, medicine, Treatment effect, Non-response bias, 050207 economics, 050205 econometrics, Mathematics, 05 social sciences, Nonparametric statistics, medicine.disease, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, SAMPLE SELECTIVITY, SURVEY NONRESPONSE, SAMPLE SELECTIVITY, TREATMENT EFFECT MODEL, RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL, Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
Abstract: International audience; We propose a novel selectivity correction procedure to deal with survey attrition in treatment effect models, at the crossroads of the Heckit model and the bounding approach of Lee (2009). As a substitute for the instrument needed in sample selectivity correction models, we use information on the number of prior calls made to each individual before obtaining a response to the survey. We obtain sharp bounds to the average treatment effect on the common support of responding individuals. Because the number of prior calls brings information, we can obtain tighter bounds than in other nonparametric methods.
Published: 2015

41. Locked into Copenhagen pledges - Implications of short-term emission targets for the cost and feasibility of long-term climate goals

Author: Aurélie Méjean, Meriem Hamdi-Cherif, Thomas Longden, Michel G.J. den Elzen, Nils Johnson, Valentina Bosetti, Jiyong Eom, Gunnar Luderer, Ottmar Edenhofer, Mikiko Kainuma, Christoph Bertram, Kenichi Wada, Volker Krey, Hal Turton, Morna Isaac, Patrick Criqui, Keywan Riahi, Silvana Mima, Michiel Schaeffer, Pantelis Capros, David L. McCollum, Detlef P. van Vuuren, Elmar Kriegler, Jae Edmonds, Environmental Sciences, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [Laxenburg] (IIASA), Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Joint Global Change Research Institute, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM), Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), équipe EDDEN, Pacte, Laboratoire de sciences sociales (PACTE), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Sciences Po Grenoble - Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble (IEPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Sciences Po Grenoble - Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble (IEPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth, Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Chaire MPDD, European Project: 265139,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2010,AMPERE(2011), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Economic growth, Mitigation, 7. Clean energy, Pledge, mitigation, Management of Technology and Innovation, 11. Sustainability, Greenhouse gas emissions, Carbon capture and storage, Economics, Copenhagen pledges, Business and International Management, Applied Psychology, Climate policy, business.industry, greenhouse gas emissions, Fossil fuel, climate policy, Overshoot (population), Environmental economics, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Term (time), 13. Climate action, Software deployment, Greenhouse gas, Science Studies, Copenhagen Accord, AMPERE, business
Abstract: International audience This paper provides an overview of the AMPERE modeling comparison project with focus on the implications of near-term policies for the costs and attainability of long-term climate objectives. Nine modeling teams participated in the project to explore the consequences of global emissions following the proposed policy stringency of the national pledges from the Copenhagen Accord and Cancún Agreements to 2030. Specific features compared to earlier assessments are the explicit consideration of near-term 2030 emission targets as well as the systematic sensitivity analysis for the availability and potential of mitigation technologies. Our estimates show that a 2030 mitigation effort comparable to the pledges would result in a further "lock-in" of the energy system into fossil fuels and thus impede the required energy transformation to reach low greenhouse-gas stabilization levels (450 ppm CO2e). Major implications include significant increases in mitigation costs, increased risk that low stabilization targets become unattainable, and reduced chances of staying below the proposed temperature change target of 2 °C in case of overshoot. With respect to technologies, we find that following the pledge pathways to 2030 would narrow policy choices, and increases the risks that some currently optional technologies, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) or the large-scale deployment of bioenergy, will become "a must" by 2030.
Published: 2015

42. The pricing behavior of Italian gas stations: Some evidence from the Cuneo retail fuel market

Author: Marco Alderighi, Marco Baudino, Baudino, Marco, Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Università della Val d'Aosta, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), and Erasmus University Rotterdam
Subjects: Economics and Econometrics, Econometric analysis, Competitor analysis, Price matching, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Microeconomics, Diesel fuel, General Energy, Domino effect, Economics, Econometrics, Spatial econometrics, Spatial dependence, Gasoline, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: This paper studies how gas stations adjust their gasoline and diesel prices in response to their neighboring competitors. The empirical analysis relies on data collected from January to August 2011 on the daily prices of 20 gas stations located in Cuneo, Italy. These data show significant price uniformity, especially within the same geographical area of the town. Approximately one-third of gas stations responded within a day to targeted competitors' price changes, indicating some evidence of price matching behavior in the industry. Additionally, there is some, but discontinuous, geographical price propagation, testifying to the presence of a weak domino effect. Finally, spatial econometric analysis suggests that there is spatial dependence between gas stations up to about 1.1 km.
Published: 2015

43. Bargaining over strategies of non-cooperative Games

Author: Nikolaos Georgantzis, Aurora García-Gallego, Aldo Montesano, Giuseppe Attanasi, Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (BETA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Jaume I, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Bocconi University, and Bocconi University [Milan, Italy]
Subjects: Statistics and Probability, TheoryofComputation_MISCELLANEOUS, Sequential game, confirmed agreements, lcsh:Technology, Subgame perfect equilibrium, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, lcsh:Social Sciences, Microeconomics, C72, C73, 0502 economics and business, confirmed proposals, Economics, ddc:330, 050207 economics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Centipede game, C78, supergame, Bargaining problem, Non-cooperative game, lcsh:T, Applied Mathematics, 05 social sciences, Normal-form game, ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING, TheoryofComputation_GENERAL, bargaining, 16. Peace & justice, lcsh:H, Repeated game, 050206 economic theory, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Mathematical economics, Game theory
Abstract: We propose a bargaining process supergame over the strategies to play in a non-cooperative game. The agreement reached by players at the end of the bargaining process is the strategy profile that they will play in the original non-cooperative game. We analyze the subgame perfect equilibria of this supergame, and its implications on the original game. We discuss existence, uniqueness, and efficiency of the agreement reachable through this bargaining process. We illustrate the consequences of applying such a process to several common two-player non-cooperative games: the Prisoner’s Dilemma, the Hawk-Dove Game, the Trust Game, and the Ultimatum Game. In each of them, the proposed bargaining process gives rise to Pareto-efficient agreements that are typically different from the Nash equilibrium of the original games.
Published: 2015

44. Eliciting ambiguity aversion in unknown and in compound lotteries: a smooth ambiguity model experimental study

Author: Christian Gollier, Noémie Pace, Giuseppe Attanasi, Aldo Montesano, Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (BETA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe de recherche en économie mathématique et quantitative (GREMAQ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy], and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Unknown urn, Financial economics, media_common.quotation_subject, Uniform distribution, General Decision Sciences, Ambiguity aversion, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), 0502 economics and business, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Econometrics, Economics, 050207 economics, Settore SECS-P/01 - Economia Politica, Applied Psychology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 050205 econometrics, media_common, Coherent-ambiguity aversion, value-ambiguity aversion, Smooth ambiguity model, 05 social sciences, General Social Sciences, Risk aversion (psychology), Ambiguity, Computer Science Applications, Binomial distribution, Portfolio, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Abstract: Coherent-ambiguity aversion is defined within the (Klibanoff et al., Econometrica 73:1849–1892, 2005) smooth-ambiguity model (henceforth KMM) as the combination of choice-ambiguity and value-ambiguity aversion. Five ambiguous decision tasks are analyzed theoretically, where an individual faces two-stage lotteries with binomial, uniform, or unknown second-order probabilities. Theoretical predictions are then tested through a 10-task experiment. In (unambiguous) tasks 1–5, risk aversion is elicited through both a portfolio choice method and a BDM mechanism. In (ambiguous) tasks 6–10, choice-ambiguity aversion is elicited through the portfolio choice method, while value-ambiguity aversion comes about through the BDM mechanism. The behavior of over 75 % of classified subjects is in line with the KMM model in all tasks 6–10, independent of their degree of risk aversion. Furthermore, the percentage of coherent-ambiguity-averse subjects is lower in the binomial than in the uniform and in the unknown treatments, with only the latter difference being significant. The most part of coherent-ambiguity-loving subjects show a high risk aversion.
Published: 2014

45. Kitchen confidential? Norms for the use of transferred knowledge in gourmet cuisine

Author: DI STEFANO, Giada, King, ANDREW ARNOLD, Verona, Gianmario, Groupement de Recherche et d'Etudes en Gestion à HEC (GREGH), Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bocconi University, and Bocconi University [Milan, Italy]
Subjects: jel:Z00, intellectual property, knowledge transfer, Intellectual property rights, innovation, symbolic industries, Social norms, institutional theory, thick rationality, jel:L00, [SHS.GESTION.STRAT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration/domain_shs.gestion.strat, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, social norms
Abstract: International audience; When will knowledge holders share their knowledge with peers? Several studies suggest that norms of knowledge disclosure encourage knowledge transfer. More recently, scholars have hypothesized that norms of knowledge use may indirectly promote it. In this article, we synthesize a theoretical framework of the effect of norms of knowledge use and test its predictions by means of a field experiment involving more than 500 Italian chefs. For the literature on knowledge transfer, we confirm the importance of norms, but we also show that they are not complete substitutes for other means of protecting private knowledge. For the literature on social norms, we provide evidence of how actors assess others' propensity to conform and how this influences the intention to participate in the norm-regulated exchange. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Published: 2014

46. Risk Aversion, Overconfidence and Private Information as Determinants of Majority Thresholds

Author: Attanasi, Giuseppe, Corazzini, Luca, Georgantzis, Nikolaos, Passarelli, Francesco, Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (BETA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Toulouse School of Economics (TSE), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], University of Reading (UOR), University Jaume I of Castellon, Universita degli studi di Teramo - University of Teramo [Italie] (UNITE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: We present and experimentally test a theoretical model of majority threshold determination as a function of voters’ risk preferences. The experimental results confirm the theoretical prediction of a positive correlation between the voter's risk aversion and the corresponding preferred majority threshold. Furthermore, the experimental results show that a voter's preferred majority threshold negatively relates to the voter's confidence about how others will vote. Moreover, in a treatment in which individuals receive a private signal about others’ voting behaviour, the confidence-related motivation of behaviour loses ground to the signal's strength.
Published: 2014

47. Technological Changes and Global Value Chains

Author: Marvi, Ramezan Ali, Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Groupement de Recherche en Économie Quantitative d'Aix-Marseille (GREQAM), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Lai Tong, Charles
Subjects: jel:F16, global value chains, technological changes, wage premium, vertical specialization, jel:F19, vertical specialization, global value chains,technological changes,wage premium,vertical specialization, global value chains, jel:F10, technological changes, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, wage premium, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance
Abstract: This paper focuses on the pattern of task and income distribution within a Global Value Chain. Using the recently developed WIOD database, collecting data on the trade in value added within a world Input/Output matrix, we reveal a high heterogeneity of countries in terms of their trends of skill premia. The latter is a stylized fact at odds with the assumption of a recent theoretical model of Global Value Chains (Costinot et al. [2013]), which we extend by allowing for different types of labor and different types of production stages. The model generates a pattern of vertical specialization in which the position of each country in the chain is a function of two factors: its productivity and skill intensity of its labor endowments. Moreover, the wage of each labor type depends on the position of the country, its skill intensity and productivity of skilled workers. As a result, depending on the model parameters and labor endowments, technological innovations will induce various trends in the relative position of countries, prices, wages and exports, in line with the stylized fact. The model thus represents a suitable candidate for addressing the heterogeneity of countries in terms of skill premia.
Published: 2014

48. The organizational drivetrain: a road to integration of dynamic capabilities research

Author: Gianmario Verona, Margaret A. Peteraf, Giada Di Stefano, Groupement de Recherche et d'Etudes en Gestion à HEC (GREGH), Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tuck School of Business, Dartmouth College [Hanover], Bocconi University, and Bocconi University [Milan, Italy]
Subjects: Marketing, DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES, STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT, BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY, STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT, Computer science, Strategy and Management, Field (Bourdieu), Drivetrain, Data science, Domain (software engineering), organizational drivetrain, BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY, medicine, [SHS.GESTION.STRAT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration/domain_shs.gestion.strat, Operations management, Strategic management, DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES, Business and International Management, medicine.symptom, Dynamic capabilities, Construct (philosophy), Confusion, Simple (philosophy)
Abstract: International audience; Although the research domain of dynamic capabilities has become one of the most active in strategic management, critics have charged that it is plagued by confusion around the construct itself. In this paper, we uncover a potential reason for this confusion embedded in the unique nature of the construct's development path—a peculiarity that has led to split understandings of what constitutes a dynamic capability. We suggest a solution to this problem in the form of an illustrative metaphor—what we call the “organizational drivetrain.” Our drivetrain represents a theoretical model aimed at combining different views of the definition of dynamic capabilities by explaining how routines and simple rules interact. This shows that it is possible to advance the development of the framework by combining divergent understandings into a coherent whole. We conclude by offering specific recommendations for how to achieve a greater unity of understanding and move the field even further forward.
Published: 2014

49. BNPdensity: Bayesian nonparametric mixture modelling in R

Author: Guillaume Kon Kam King, Antonio Lijoi, Luis E. Nieto-Barajas, Igor Prünster, Julyan Arbel, Modèles statistiques bayésiens et des valeurs extrêmes pour données structurées et de grande dimension (STATIFY), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées du Génome à l'Environnement [Jouy-En-Josas] (MaIAGE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Bocconi Institute for Data Science and Analytics (BIDSA), Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM), Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) Research Projects of National Relevance (PRIN)2015SNS29B, ANR-15-IDEX-0002,UGA,IDEX UGA(2015), and ANR-19-P3IA-0003,MIAI,MIAI @ Grenoble Alpes(2019)
Subjects: Statistics and Probability, Generalization, Nonparametric statistics, Inference, BAYESIAN NONPARAMETRIC INFERENCE, DENSITY ESTIMATION, FERGUSON AND KLASS ALGORITHM, INFINITE MIXTURE MODELS, R, RANDOM PROBABILITY MEASURES, Mixture model, Dirichlet distribution, symbols.namesake, [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], Prior probability, symbols, Probability distribution, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Algorithm, Parametric statistics, Mathematics
Abstract: International audience; Robust statistical data modelling under potential model mis-specification often requires leaving the parametric world for the nonparametric. In the latter, parameters are infinite dimensional objects such as functions, probability distributions or infinite vectors. In the Bayesian nonparametric approach, prior distributions are designed for these parameters, which provide a handle to manage the complexity of nonparametric models in practice. However, most modern Bayesian nonparametric models seem often out of reach to practitioners, as inference algorithms need careful design to deal with the infinite number of parameters. The aim of this work is to facilitate the journey by providing computational tools for Bayesian nonparametric inference. The article describes a set of functions available in the R package BNPdensity in order to carry out density estimation with an infinite mixture model, including all types of censored data. The package provides access to a large class of such models based on normalized random measures, which represent a generalization of the popular Dirichlet process mixture. One striking advantage of this generalization is that it offers much more robust priors on the number of clusters than the Dirichlet. Another crucial advantage is the complete flexibility in specifying the prior for the scale and location parameters of the clusters, because conjugacy is not required. Inference is performed using a theoretically grounded approximate sampling methodology known as the Ferguson & Klass algorithm. The package also offers several goodness of fit diagnostics such as QQ-plots, including a cross-validation criterion, the conditional predictive ordinate. The proposed methodology is illustrated on a classical ecological risk assessment method called the Species Sensitivity Distribution (SSD) problem, showcasing the benefits of the Bayesian nonparametric framework.
Published: 2021

50. An experiment on Prisoner’s Dilemma with confirmed proposals

Author: Giuseppe Attanasi, Aurora García-Gallego, Aldo Montesano, Nikolaos Georgantzis, Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (BETA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LERNA-INRA, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Jaume I, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Bocconi University, Bocconi University [Milan, Italy], École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Economie des Ressources Naturelles (LERNA), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), and Financial support by the Chair 'Georges Meyer' in Mathematical Economics at Jean-Jacques Laffont Foundation (TSE) and by the French National Research Agency (ANR) through the project on 'Fair Environmental Policies' is gratefully acknowledged.Financial support by the Spanish Ministry of Education (ECO2011-23634) and Junta de Andalucía (P07-SEJ-03155) is gratefully acknowledged.
Subjects: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, Confirmed proposals, Communication device, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Power (social and political), Superrationality, prisoner’s dilemma, bargaining, confirmed proposals, cooperative agreement, tacit communication, 0502 economics and business, 050207 economics, Prisoner’s Dilemma, Bargaining, Confirmed Proposals, Confirmed Agreement, Tacit Communication, Applied Psychology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Protocol (science), jel:C92, jel:C91, 05 social sciences, jel:C72, Prisoner's dilemma, 16. Peace & justice, Tacit communication, Dilemma, Cooperative agreement, 050206 economic theory, Psychology, Social psychology
Abstract: International audience; We suggest an alternating proposals protocol with a confirmation stage as a way of solving a Prisoner’s Dilemma game. We interpret players’ proposals and (no) confirmation of outcomes of the game as a tacit communication device. The protocol leads to unprecedented high levels of cooperation in the laboratory. Assigning the power of confirmation to one of the two players alone, rather than alternating the role of a leader significantly increases the probability of cooperation in the first bargaining period. We interpret pre-agreement strategies as tacit messages on players’ willingness to cooperate and as signals pursuing individualistic objectives like publicizing one’s bargaining abilities or eliciting those of the opponent.
Published: 2013

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