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Klebsiella is an encapsulated bacillus, a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Klebsiella can cause various illnesses, including pneumonia, bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections, and meningitis. Klebsiella has emerged as a nosocomial pathogen, particularly in premature infants and intensive care units (ICUs). This experiment aimed to investigate the toxic effects of K. pneumoniae on blood pictures and DNA structure. Thirty (30) male rabbits were divided into three groups. 1st group (GI) was given 1 milliliter/animal an oral dose of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) by a stomach tube as a control group for 60 days. The 2nd group (GII) was given one dose a week of 1 milliliter containing viable K. pneumoniae (1 X 106 CFU/ml) orally by stomach tube for 60 days. The 3rd group (GIII) was given the same dose twice a week. After 60 days, blood samples were collected from the heart and divided into 2 parts: 1st part for hematological analysis and 2nd part for detection of DNA damage using comet assay. The results of the hematological analysis showed significantly decreased RBCs, Hb and PCV, and considerably increased WBCs, lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils in the 2nd and 3rd groups, compared with the control group. In contrast, the comet assay showed DNA damage in the WBC of the different groups. The mean ± SE of tail length, tail intensity, tail moment and % DNA in the tail showed significant increases in the 2nd and 3rd groups, compared with the control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The inappropriate use of pesticides including fungicides creates severe biological hazards that can endanger fish health and impede sustainable aquaculture. Objective This study investigated the negative impacts of metiram (MET), a fungicide on the health status of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) for a 96-hour duration as an acute exposure in a static renewal system. Methods Three hundred fish (average body weight: 37.50 ± 0.22 g) were assigned into six groups (50 fish/group) with five replicates (10 fish/replicate). Fish were exposed to various six concentrations (0, 1.5, 3, 4.5, 6, and 7.5 mg/L) of MET as a water exposure to for 96-hour without water exchange. The fish’s behavior, clinical signs, and mortalities were documented every day of the exposure period. Additionally, MET’s impact on blood profile, stress biomarkers, hepato-renal functions, immune-antioxidant status, and brain biomarker were closely monitored. Results The lethal concentration (LC50) of MET estimated using Finney’s probit technique was 3.77 mg/L. The fish’s behavior was severely impacted by acute MET exposure, as clear by an increase in surfacing, loss of equilibrium, unusual swimming, laterality, abnormal movement, and a decline in aggressive behaviors. The survivability and hematological indices (white and red blood cell count, differential white blood cell count, hematocrit value, and hemoglobin) were significantly reduced in a concentration-dependent manner following MET exposure. Acute exposure to MET (1.5–7.5 mg/L) incrementally increased stress biomarkers (nor-epinephrine, cortisol, and glucose), lipid peroxides (malondialdehyde), and brain oxidative DNA damage biomarker (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine). A hepato-renal dysfunction by MET exposure (4.5–7.5 mg/L) was evidenced by the significant increase in the alanine and aspartate aminotransferases and creatinine values. Moreover, a substantial decline in the immune parameters (lysozyme, complement 3, serum bactericidal activity, and antiprotease activity) and antioxidant variables (total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) resulted from acute MET exposure. Conclusion According to these findings, the 96-hour LC50 of MET in Nile tilapia was 3.77 mg/L. MET exposure triggered toxicity in Nile tilapia, as seen by alterations in fish neuro-behaviors, immune-antioxidant status, hepato-renal functioning, and signifying physiological disturbances. This study emphasizes the potential ecological dangers provoked by MET as an environmental contaminant to aquatic systems. However, the long-term MET exposure is still needed to be investigated.

Background: The inappropriate use of pesticides including fungicides creates severe biological hazards that can endanger fish health and impede sustainable aquaculture. Objective: This study investigated the negative impacts of metiram (MET), a fungicide on the health status of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) for a 96-hour duration as an acute exposure in a static renewal system. Methods: Three hundred fish (average body weight: 37.50 ± 0.22 g) were assigned into six groups (50 fish/group) with five replicates (10 fish/replicate). Fish were exposed to various six concentrations (0, 1.5, 3, 4.5, 6, and 7.5 mg/L) of MET as a water exposure to for 96-hour without water exchange. The fish's behavior, clinical signs, and mortalities were documented every day of the exposure period. Additionally, MET's impact on blood profile, stress biomarkers, hepato-renal functions, immune-antioxidant status, and brain biomarker were closely monitored. Results: The lethal concentration (LC50) of MET estimated using Finney's probit technique was 3.77 mg/L. The fish's behavior was severely impacted by acute MET exposure, as clear by an increase in surfacing, loss of equilibrium, unusual swimming, laterality, abnormal movement, and a decline in aggressive behaviors. The survivability and hematological indices (white and red blood cell count, differential white blood cell count, hematocrit value, and hemoglobin) were significantly reduced in a concentration-dependent manner following MET exposure. Acute exposure to MET (1.5–7.5 mg/L) incrementally increased stress biomarkers (nor-epinephrine, cortisol, and glucose), lipid peroxides (malondialdehyde), and brain oxidative DNA damage biomarker (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine). A hepato-renal dysfunction by MET exposure (4.5–7.5 mg/L) was evidenced by the significant increase in the alanine and aspartate aminotransferases and creatinine values. Moreover, a substantial decline in the immune parameters (lysozyme, complement 3, serum bactericidal activity, and antiprotease activity) and antioxidant variables (total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) resulted from acute MET exposure. Conclusion: According to these findings, the 96-hour LC50 of MET in Nile tilapia was 3.77 mg/L. MET exposure triggered toxicity in Nile tilapia, as seen by alterations in fish neuro-behaviors, immune-antioxidant status, hepato-renal functioning, and signifying physiological disturbances. This study emphasizes the potential ecological dangers provoked by MET as an environmental contaminant to aquatic systems. However, the long-term MET exposure is still needed to be investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the current study was to assess the impact of pregnancy toxaemia on hematobiochemical and hormonal changes together with treatment trial of diseased ewes. This study was done on 15, 3-4 years old (5 healthy-10 ewes suffered from pregnancy toxaemia) were divided into 3 groups (5 /group). Gp (1) clinically healthy ewes (control group), Gp (2) diseased ewes received 150 ml of dextrose (25%) (I/V), 100 ml propylene glycol daily for3 sucessive days (orally), 1ml Cal- De-Mag kgm/ bwt and 1 ampole of vitamin B complex IM, Gp (3) diseased ewes treated with same drug and dose used in 2nd group in addition 0.4 unite insulin/kgm bwt (S/C) daily for 3 sucessive days. Urine samples were collected pre-treatment and post treatment for detection of ketone bodies, glucose and protein. Blood was drawn from each subject ewes pre-treatment and at 5 & 10 days post treatment for determination hematobiochemical and hormonal parameters. Pregnancy toxaemic ewes exhibited many signs such as anorexia, depression, disinclined to move - blindness, excessive salivation, teeth grinding, a listening attitude and sternal recumbency. the number of feti in control group was 1.40 but in ewes suffered from pregnancy toxemia were 2.20 in Gp (2) and 2.60 in Gp (3). Urine of diseased ewes revealed presence of ketone bodies, glucoserea and protein. The obtained results demonstrated that pregnancy toxemia induced significant decreases in total erythrocytic count (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hb), paked cell volume % (PCV%), insulin, triiodothyronin (T3), thyroxin (T4), immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, IgG), super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) glucose, and calcium beside significant increases in cortisol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanin aminotransferase (ALT), urea, creatinine and β-hydroxybutyric acid (β-HBA). Additionally marginal increases in total leukocytic count (WBCs), eosinophils, and lymphocytes coupled with insignifcant decreases in neutrophils, monocytes and basophil when compared with the control ewes were also observed. Teatment of the diseased ewes lead to reterned hemato-biochemical parameters to nearlly nomal level at 10th day post teatment when compared with control ewes. Ewes received insulin in treatment the hematobiochemical parameters was improvement than ewes not received insulin. It was determined that pregnantcy toxaemia caused numerous negative effects on hematobiochemical parameters but treatment with dextrose, propylene glycol, Cal-De-Mag, vitamin B complex and insulin could improve such negative effects [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of University of Anbar for Pure Science is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Analyzing Hematological parameters is usually in use to monitor various circumstances such as infection, inflammation and anemia. For that we studied blood parameters which are in touch with immunized laboratory animals (rabbits) after immunizing these animals with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis then used an adjuvant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to stimulate the immune response cells after 2 to 3 weeks of immunization. Different concentrations were used to examine the effect on the animals' blood parameters changing. Methods: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis bacterium was used at current study for evaluating the effect of immunizing laboratory rabbits with two different immune stimulators working together as adjuvant on the blood picture with the aid of 12 breed rabbits from different genders, dividing them at the base of inoculation with pre-killed and sonicated cells of bacteria (antigens) onto 4 categories as following: the group-1 members of rabbits were injected with the antigen, group-2 and group-3 included rabbits injected with the two inoculations at various concentrations; final group, group-4 was the control group. Results: Thus, white blood cells known to be our main line of defenses act firstly in our body towards different infecting microorganisms, their count always was increased through the immunization correlated with other measured parameters. From the results we can see that the lymphocytes percentage had no alteration between the infected and the immunized compared to control group, while the percentage of MID that refers to the monocytes was at the same range in both infected and the immunized control rabbit's groups. Granulocyte cells percentage, which is including heterophilic, basophilic and eosinophilic cells, was significantly decreased (P>0.05) compared with control at all groups. Conclusion: We conclude that C. pseudotuberculosis might function as a potent immunogen to notice the complete blood picture variations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deltamethrin is one of the most effective pyrethroid compounds, widely employed in veterinary medicine, public health, and farming. Deltamethrin-triggered oxidative stress largely causes serious harm to an organism. Acute toxicity of this compound was extensively investigated, while less information is available on its oral sub-acute effects. This study assessed, in the male Albino rats, the effects of oral gavage of either 0.874 mg/kg (0.01 LD50) or 8.740 mg/kg (0.10 LD50) of deltamethrin for successive 14 days to investigate its effects on biomarkers and to detect the tissue injury in rats following subacute deltamethrin treatment. It was found that levels of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in the brain, kidney, and liver, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and uric acid in serum, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), white blood cells (WBC)s, eosinophils, and basophils were significantly reduced compared with untreated rats. However, when rats were treated with deltamethrin for successive 14 days, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in serum and the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) in brain, kidney, and liver, red blood cell distribution width (RDW-CV), total protein, monocytes, and basophils and the ratios of neutrophils to lymphocytes, an aggregated marker of systemic inflammation and systemic immune inflammation indexes, significantly increased compared with the control group. Histologic lesions were observed in the liver, kidney, brain, testis, and epidemies in rats exposed to subacute deltamethrin for 14 days, and most tissues of rats treated with 0.10 LD50 of deltamethrin were more affected than those treated with 0.01 LD50. These findings strongly suggest that subacute exposure to deltamethrin caused significant systemic toxicity through oxidative stress resulting in biochemical and histological changes in the studied tissues. These findings highlight the potential harmful effects of deltamethrin and emphasize the importance of understanding the subacute effects of this compound, particularly in the context of veterinary medicine, public health, and farming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fish production industry has become one of the most important animal production projects, and fish industry suffer from feed costs, so this study aims to find accessible food additives that increase production or reduce costs. This was done by 126 fish of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Average individual weight 42.72 g ± 2.28 g. and 254.78 g ± 2.95 g biomass weight. were randomly distributed to 21 aquaria, with seven treatments with three replicates, 6 fish per aquarium. Fish were fed 3% by weight of biomass, on a prepared diet with a protein content of 28%. It was divided into seven sections by treatments, T1 without addition, T2, T3and T4 adding sunflower oil 2, 4 and 6 g/kg, consecutively, T5, T6 and T7 adding canola oil 2, 4, and6 g/kg consecutively. The experiment period lasted 70 days, at the end of the experiment blood samples were taken from the experimental fish. The results of the blood and biochemical characteristics of common carp showed that there were no significant differences at the level (P≤0.05) in all experimental treatments.

The aim of the work was to evaluate the behavior of laboratory rats under the influence of negative air ions using various behavioral models. To create an excess of negative air ions, a Hippocrates ionizer (Enterprise Energia, Naberezhnye Chelny, Russia) was used. The exposure was carried out daily for 2 hours for 18-20 days. Wistar rats were used in the work. It was found that according to the open field test, under the influence of negative air ions, the level of indicators reflecting vertical and horizontal motor activity increased; decreased grooming rates and the number of bowel movements; the frequency of examination of holes increased. According to the elevated plus maze test, the number of visits to open and closed arms, hanging from open arms significantly increased with a simultaneous decrease in the frequency and duration of grooming, a decrease in the duration and number of freezes. The index of anxiety in the studies changed insignificantly. On the model of a black-and-white chamber, the time spent by rats in the dark and light compartments varied. The rats of the experimental group spent more time in the open space of the test, there was a significant increase in the exits and the duration of the time of looking out from the dark into the light compartments. In general, according to the behavioral models used, keeping animals in an environment enriched with air ions led to significant changes in the behavior of animals, increasing activity, emotional reactivity and stress resistance.

Residual amounts of pyrethroids were detected in rice and vegetables of the Indian market. Thus, consumers are exposed to a mixture of pyrethroids on a daily basis through food. Though a large number of studies reported the toxic effects of pyrethroids, there are no reports that used doses equivalent to human consumption. In this study, male Wistar rats were exposed daily to a mixture of pyrethroids for 1–15 months which is equivalent to the amount present in rice and vegetables consumed by an average Indian each day. The oxidant‐antioxidant status (lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide; activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S transferase, and superoxide dismutase) and anatomical changes in the general organs (liver, lung, and kidney) and male reproductive tract tissues (caput, cauda, testis, and prostate) were evaluated. Further, liver and kidney function tests, lipid profile, and complete blood picture were analyzed. Increased oxidative stress, perturbations in the antioxidant enzyme activities, and damage to the anatomical architecture were observed. Disturbances in the liver function and lipid profile were significant. Results of our study demonstrate that exposure to a mixture of pyrethroids at a dose that is equivalent to human consumption can cause systemic and reproductive toxicity, which may ultimately result in the development of lifestyle diseases. This first line of evidence will fuel further studies to determine the impact of food‐based pyrethroid exposure on the long‐term health of humans and to envisage policies to reduce pesticide content in food products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As mulberry is being exploited by sericulture, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and beverage industries along with its utilization in environmental safety approach; it is appropriate to call it as the most suitable plant for sustainable development. So the aim of using Morus alba L. is to examine its ability to enhance common carp growth performance, biological and some hemato-biochemical parameters. This study has evaluated the growth performance and health performance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) isoenergetic with isonitrogenous diets supplemented with ( (T1 group), (T2 group), (T3 group), 0, 10, 15gm of mulberry fruit powder, respectively ) for 12 weeks in the laboratory of fish diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani. Results revealed that the T3 group was significantly higher than other treatments concerning growth performance and feed utilization parameters. The addition of white mulberry fruit powder significantly increased RBC′s count and PCV % in the T3 group. Cholesterol, triglyceride, and HDL were significantly higher in the T3 group, while LDL was significantly lower in the T3 group. The present study revealed that diets supplemented with mulberry increased common carp growth and health performance (Cyprinus carpio).

This study was aimed to investigate the different effects of folic acid and/or saccharomyces cerevisiae on different aspects of Japanese quails. Eighty quail chicks were used, divided into four groups (20 chicks each), the first group was the control, treated with normal ration and drinking water. The second group was treated with saccharomyces cerevisiae 2.5% in the ration, the third group was treated with folic acid (5mg/L. in drinking water), whereas the last group was treated with both folic acid and yeast as stated above. All treatments were for seven weeks, then the birds were sacrificed, and blood was collected to undergo the parameters. Results revealed that the treatment with yeast or folic acid significantly (p<0.05) decreased both RBC and Hb while WBC elevated as a result of the treatment in both males and females. Bodyweight decreased as a result of treating quails with yeast and/or folic acid in both males and females. In males, the concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides reduced in all treatment groups compared to control, while in females, the cholesterol elevated in treatment groups, with no effect on triglycerides. Testosterone was elevated in males treated with folic acid and/ or yeast [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This experiment was designed to determine the influence of various white light intensities on spermatogenesis, hematology and growth performance of male quail. A total of 80 birds of one day aged had been assigned to four equal groups: G1 control group was kept under natural light program 12h light:12h dark. G2, G3, G4 were exposed to artificial white light emitting diodes at 0.6, 45 and 25 Lux for 5 hours daily for 8 weeks starting at 14 days of age. The result showed that the application of Lux 0.6, 45 and 25 caused a significant increase in heart weight relative to control. Lux 0.6 led to decrease in total body weight, left testis weight and foam weight. The result revealed that exposure to 0.6 Lux caused significant decrease in sperm count and live sperm percentage and increase in dead sperm percentage. Program of 25 Lux generated a significant increase in RBC counts compared to 0.6 Lux. Exposure to 45 Lux and 25 Lux triggers a significant increase in PCV and hemoglobin concentrations. Exposures to 0.6 Lux and 25 Lux resulted in a significant increase in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, while apply to program 0.6 Lux cause increase in stress index. The best feed conversion ratio was detected in normal daylight, 0.6 Lux and 25 Lux respectively. In conclusion, exposure of male quails to different intensities of white LED bulb had an effect on the some physiological and reproductive parameters.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of strain and sex on live body weight, some blood parameters, and carcass traits in poultry, at 7 weeks of age. 40 one day old chicks by each strain (Cobb and Hubbard) were raised using a broiler commercial ration up to 7 weeks of age. Chicks of each strain were allocated to five groups as replicates. In the end of the experiment, the birds were slaughtered, and blood samples were collected for analysis. The results showed that Hubbard individuals was significantly heavier than Cobb at 7 weeks of age, although the initial weight of Cobb chicks was heavier, and the male birds were significantly heavier than females. The interaction between strain and sex was significant in body weight at 7 weeks of age. There was no significant effect between the two strains on blood pictures. As for the effect of sex, males had significantly higher values of red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and packed cell volume than females, while the values of mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin in females were significantly higher. Sex, strain, and their interactions had no effect on differential leukocyte count values or on the stress index (heterophile/lymphocyte). For carcass traits, Hubbard individuals had significantly heavier thighs, drumsticks, and back, while Cobb individuals recorded higher values for edible giblets and gizzard weight. There was a significant difference between males and females in most carcass cut weights. The interaction between strain and sex was significant in most carcass traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As mulberry is being exploited by sericulture, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and beverage industries along with its utilization in environmental safety approach; it is appropriate to call it as the most suitable plant for sustainable development. So the aim of using Morus alba L. is to examine its ability to enhance common carp growth performance, biological and some hemato-biochemical parameters. This study has evaluated the growth performance and health performance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) isoenergetic with isonitrogenous diets supplemented with ((T1 group), (T2 group), (T3 group), 0, 10, 15gm of mulberry fruit powder, respectively) for 12 weeks in the laboratory of fish diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani. Results revealed that the T3 group was significantly higher than other treatments concerning growth performance and feed utilization parameters. The addition of white mulberry fruit powder significantly increased RBC's count and PCV % in the T3 group. Cholesterol, triglyceride, and HDL were significantly higher in the T3 group, while LDL was significantly lower in the T3 group. The present study revealed that diets supplemented with mulberry increased common carp growth and health performance (Cyprinus carpio). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our study which conducted from 1/9/ 2019-1/9/2020, was including examination of 150 female bird(75-local chickens,75-domestic pigeon), the results were showed the total percentage of infestation 60%(90/150),in local chicken was65.333 % (49/75) while in pigeon was54.666%(41/75), also was diagnosed: Dermacentor variabilis and Argus persicus in ratios(25.333%)(19/75),(40%)(30/75) respectively in local chickens, 44%(33/75),10.666 %(8/75) respectively in pigeon, also noticed that was a significant decrease in the concentration of Hemoglobin, the blood packed cells volume, red blood cells, Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin, while there was increase in number white blood cells in tick-infected avian compared with Non-infected(control group), while the data of biochemical parameters of the serum, showed there were increased levels of total protein and albumin,while decreased levels of globulin, glucose as well as cholesterol in infected avian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to determine the effect of the heat stress on some blood parameters and role of probiotics (Poultrystar®) to reduce these effects, 120 common carp (Cyprinus carpio) with mean weight 150±10g were obtained from collage of Agriculture and forestry /University of Mosul. Fish were acclimated for at least 7 day in the laboratory and fed daily, the water temperature was maintained at 25 ±2°C. Three experiments have been done, each of 40 fish which have been divided randomly into four groups 10 for each. First experiment the four groups exposed to different water temperature (control 25, 30, 32, 34 °C), second experiment the four groups treated with (Poultrystar®) in a dose 1 g/ kg body weight by using stomach tube with exposed to heat stress (control 25, 30, 32 and 34 °C). In the third experiment the four groups have been treated with (Poultrystar®) in the same dose of the previous experiment for 7 days then exposed to heat stress. The results show there were significantly increase in hemoglobin concentration in three experiments, and also the Packed cell volume was significantly increase in three experiments, but the stress index was significantly decrease in three experiments, and the probiotics (Poultrystar®) improved the blood picture especially in the second and third experiment because no probiotic used in the first experiment.

Rabbit as homeothermic species is able to keep its core body temperature within ± 1°C regulatory range. In Upper Egypt where high ambient temperature particularly at summer months, rabbit breeding ceases, by virtue of its fur, there is certain inability to dissipate excess body heat. Under uncontrolled ambient environment, most of the observed mortality at summer is due to heat stasis. In this study, we compared white (California) to black (Chinchilla) mature breeds of rabbits. Blood picture and serum hormonal profiles were assessed. The results showed many similarities between the two breeds in terms of blood picture, the serum concentration of tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), but T3/T4 ratio was higher and corticosterone was lower in California than Chinchilla rabbits (P

Objectives: To analyze whether leucopenia and lymphopenia a characteristic feature of children with COVID-19 and to find out its association with the disease severity. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at The Children's Hospital Lahore from March 2020 to October 2020. All confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection and post-COVID MIS-C/Kawasaki Disease diagnosed on the basis of RT-PCR and Antibody test respectively were included. Complete blood and differential counts were performed on the day of admission. Results: Out of a total of 83 patients 60 (72%) were diagnosed as COVID-19 and 23 (28%) as post-COVID MIS-C/KD. The mean age of children was 7.0±4.3 years (95%CI: 6.07 - 8.75) with a male preponderance 51 (61%). Twenty (24%) children had an underlying comorbidity and 7 (8%) were surgical cases. Our case fatality rate was 5 (6%) and all children who died had an underlying comorbid condition. In both, COVID and MIS-C/KD the mean leukocyte count was (14.0 ± 12.5 vs 13.6 ± 6.9 x109/L), respectively (p=0.888). The mean lymphocyte count in children with COVID was (39.1 ± 21.4%). Patients with MIS-C/KD showed significantly higher levels of neutrophil count (76.5 ± 15.0%) as compared to children with COVID (52.0 ± 22.1%), absolute lymphocyte count was (5.02±4.81 vs 2.13±0.95 x109/L) in COVID and MIS-C respectively (p=<0.001). In 60 COVID-19 patients, the mean neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in mild-moderate and severe-critical group was 2.00 and 5.08 respectively (p=0.009). Conclusion: The blood picture of COVID-19 in children does not show leukopenia. NLR was a prognostic factor to assess the severity in COVID-19 patients. The presence of an underlying comorbid conditions is significant a risk factor for poor outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Target of this study to appraise affect of adding up gaur meal 10% as partial replacements of soybean meal with or without salinomycine 500 gm/ton and mycofix 2kg / ton to the diet of Ross broiler chicken on Live weight, Dressed weight and internal organ weight, gut ecosystem and blood picture at42 days. The experiment was conducted on 150 birds in one day divided to five groups, each groups include 30 birds with two replicate (15 birds) in each replicate, fed on diet contain : Ross: T1 control (1-42 day), T2 Guar meal 10% (1-42 day), T3-Salinomycin 500g\ton (1-42 day), T4- Salinomycin 500g\ton & gaur meal 10% (1-42 day) and T5- Salinomysine 500g\ ton & mycofix 2kg\ton & gaur meal 10% (1-42). Results demonstrated that 2nd group recorded maximum significant (p≤0.05) differences in Live weight(LW), Dressed weight and internal organ weight also register significant (p ≤0.05) differences in PCV value and Lymphocyte percentage compared with other treatments(T3,T4,T5). There were significant (p ≤ 0.05) decrement in Total bacterial count inT2 then followed by T1compared with other studied groups. In Lactobacillus count T2 recorded increments significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences. The addition of salinomycine at 500gm / ton and maycofix® at 2 Kg /ton to Ross broiler diet has an adverse effect on Live weight, Dressed weight and internal organ weight, gut ecosystem and blood picture at 42 days while supplementing guar meal at level 10% as partial replacements of soy bean meal has shown positive effects on all parameters of studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children exposure to radio waves near mobile phone base stations is receiving a great attention in last years. This work is focused on the effects of radiation emitted by the base stations on the children's blood and also on the conjugated effect of olive oil on their blood. Children of 6-12 years residing around base stations for more than five years are divided into three groups. The first one served as a control. The second group is assumed to be exposed only to mobile phone radiation, while the third group is exposed to mobile phone radiation and treated with 2.5 mL/day of olive oil for five weeks. The second and the third groups are living nearby mobile phone base stations (100-150) m, more than 5 years. The biochemical parameters of children blood have been evaluated. It was noticed that the concentrations of serum glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and albumin are increased but total concentrations of the proteins and globulins were decreased. Signs of improvements in the previous biochemical parameters were noticed during children treatments with olive oil supplementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to determine the effect of the heat stress on some blood parameters and role of probiotics (Poultrystar®) to reduce these effects, 120 common carp (Cyprinus carpio) with mean weight 150±10g were obtained from collage of Agriculture and forestry /University of Mosul. Fish were acclimated for at least 7 day in the laboratory and fed daily, the water temperature was maintained at 25 ±2°C. Three experiments have been done, each of 40 fish which have been divided randomly into four groups 10 for each. First experiment the four groups exposed to different water temperature (control 25, 30, 32, 34 °C), second experiment the four groups treated with (Poultrystar®) in a dose 1 g/ kg body weight by using stomach tube with exposed to heat stress (control 25, 30, 32 and 34 °C). In the third experiment the four groups have been treated with (Poultrystar®) in the same dose of the previous experiment for 7 days then exposed to heat stress. The results show there were significantly increase in hemoglobin concentration in three experiments, and also the Packed cell volume was significantly increase in three experiments, but the stress index was significantly decrease in three experiments, and the probiotics (Poultrystar®) improved the blood picture especially in the second and third experiment because no probiotic used in the first experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was conducted to study some pharmacodynamics and the possible adverse effects of Phenylbutazone and the toxic effects of its double dose in mature male rats. Hematological, biochemical and histopathological studies were carried out. Mature male albino rats were used and divided into 3 equal groups each of 15 rats. Rats of the first group were kept as a control and intramuscularly injected with propylene glycol (2 ml/kg b.wt.) once daily for 3 successive days. Rats of the second group were intramuscularly injected once daily for 3 successive days with Phenylbutazone at a dose of 53.3 mg/kg b.wt. Rats of the third group were intramuscularly injected once daily for 3 successive days with Phenylbutazone at a dose of 106.6 mg/kg. b.wt. Five rats from each control and treated groups were killed at 2 nd, 4 th and 8th week from beginning of drug administration to obtain blood, semen and some body organs for examination and evaluation. The obtained results showed that i/m administration of different doses of Phenylbutazone to male rats induced a variety of side effects on blood picture, biochemical and the reproductive parameters. Moreover, Phenylbutazone induced many histopathological alterations in the reproductive organs, liver and kidney of the treated male rats. Therefore, prolonged administration of Phenylbutazone should be avoided [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aeromonas veronii is a pathogenic bacterium associated with various diseases in aquaculture. However, few studies address the antibacterial activity using nanoparticles (NPs). Hence, the current study is innovative to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) against A. veronii infection in-vitro with a trial for treatment in-vivo. Primarily, we assessed the in - vitro antibacterial activity against A. veronii. Further, we investigated the hematological profile, immune-antioxidant response, and gene expression of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in response to SiNPs exposure and the A. veronii challenge. Fish (N = 120; weight: 90 ± 6.19 g) were distributed into four groups (30 fish/group) for a ten-days-treatment trial. The first (control) and second (SiNPs) groups were treated with 0 mg/L and 20 mg/L SiNPs in water, respectively. The third (A. veronii) and fourth (SiNPs + A. veronii) groups were treated with 0 mg/L and 20 mg/L SiNPs in water, respectively, and infected with A. veronii (1.5 × 107 CFU/mL). Results demonstrated that SiNPs displayed an in-vitro antibacterial activity against A. veronii with a 21 mm inhibitory zone. A. veronii infection caused a high mortality rate (56.67%) and substantial reductions in hematological indices and immune indicators [nitric oxide (NO) and immunoglobulin M (IgM)]. Additionally, marked decline in the level of antioxidants [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione content (GSH)] as well as down-regulation in the immune-related genes [interleukins (IL-1β and IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)] and antioxidant-related genes [ SOD1 , glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST)] were the consequences of A. veronii infection. Surprisingly, treatment of A. veronii- infected fish with SiNPs lessened the mortality rate, enhanced the blood picture, modulated the immune-antioxidant parameters, and resulted in gene up-regulation. Overall, this study encompasses the significant role of SiNPs, a new versatile tool for combating hematological, immuno-antioxidant alterations, and gene down-regulation induced by A. veronii infection and sustainable aquaculture production. • Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have an in-vitro antibacterial activity against Aeromonas veronii. • A. veronii challenge suppresses the immune-antioxidant status of Clarias gariepinus. • A. veronii alters hematology and the immune/antioxidants gene expression. • SiNPs (20 mg/L) have a therapeutic effect against A. veronii in C. gariepinus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This experiment was conducted for 70 days on 165 common carp Cyprinus carpio fingerlings which were brought from local fish farms located in Daqooq, Haftaghar, Al-Tameem province. Fishes were distributed among experimental tanks with mean initial weight of 24.09 gm. They were pre-acclimated to laboratory conditions for 21 days prior to the feeding trials. The experiment was conducted by using 15 plastic tanks (100 L) representing five treatments with three replicates. Each tank was stocked with 11 fishes. Treatments included 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 or 10 gm grape byproduct/ kg diet. The result showed that red blood cell (RBC) data of the control group was significantly higher than other treatments. Hemoglobin of fishes in groups 2.5 and 10 gm/ kg diet was significantly different from other treatments. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) values for 0.0, 5.0 and 10 gm/kg groups were significantly different, so mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values showed significant differences resulted from 0.0, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 gm/ kg diet compared to 2.5 gm/ kg diet group. The white blood cells (WBC) were significantly different in 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 gm/ kg diet. Granulocyte percentages obtained in all treatments were significantly different from control. Lymphocyte percentages were significantly different in all treatments compared to 10 gm/ kg diet group. The Monocytes were significantly different in 2.5, 7.5 and 10 gm/ kg groups.

Forty mature healthy Barki ewes at late pregnancy aged 3-4 years and had average LBW 51.5±0.46 kg were used in this experiment. Ewes were randomly divided into 4 similar groups (10 each), to evaluate the viability of complete replacement of Berseem hay in the diet by leaves and stems of Acacia Niloitica, Atriplex Nummularia and Cassava Manihotesculenta shrubs, as well as to study their effects on the immunity indices of ewes and their lambs, blood biochemical parameters, blood pictures and mortality rates of new born lambs. All animals kept in a semi-open shaded yard and kept under the same managerial condition during the experimental period. The 1st group (G1) was fed the control diet consisted of 40 % concentrate feed mixture (CFM), plus 60% Berseem hay (BH), while the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups, BH was replaced by leaves and stems of Acacia (G2), Atriplex (G3) or Cassava (G4), respectively. Immunoglobulin's levels (IgG and IgM) were estimated in ewes colostrum and serum of their offspring at 2, 6, 12 and 24 h post-partum. Meanwhile, blood pictures in whole blood, as well as, levels of glucose, total protein, albumin, triglycerides, total cholesterol and Urea-N assayed in plasma of ewes and offspring during suckling period. In addition, mortality rate of newborn lambs were calculated. Results show that, IgG and IgM levels in ewes colostrum and lambs serum tended to decrease during the first 24 hours post-partum, showing significant (P<0.05) lowest levels at 24 h postpartum. Immunoglobulin (IgG and IgM) levels in colostrum were significantly (P<0.05) affected by replacing Berseem hay with salt plants, where IgG and IgM concentrations were higher in all treated groups (G2, G3 and G4) comparing to control. Moreover, ewes in group G4 fed on Cassava showed higher colostrum IgG and IgM concentrations than other treated groups. Levels of IgG in lambs serum were significantly (P<0.05) the highest in G4 (22.64 mg/mL) fed on Cassava compared with control and other treatments groups, G1, G3 and G2 (21.71, 17.26 and 16.85, respectively). Moreover, Acacia, Atriplex and Cassava based diets enhanced (P<0.05) the concentration of lamb serum IgM compared to control. Cassava, diet (G4) significantly (P<0.05) improved hematological parameters of ewes compared to Acacia (G2), Atriplex (G3) and control (G1) groups. Groups fed either Acacia or Atriplex were within the same range of blood picture of the control group. Cassava group (G4) had greater percentage of viable lambs till weaning compared with either G2 or G3. Replacement of Berseem hay in lactating Barki ewes' diets in Egyptian Northern Coast with Cassava, Atriplex or Acacia plants is recommended, as they did not have negative impact on the blood biochemical parameters of lactating ewes and their lambs, as well as, lambs mortality rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This experiment was conducted for 70 days on 165 common carp Cyprinus carpio fingerlings which were brought from local fish farms located in Daqooq, Haftaghar, Al-Tameem province. Fishes were distributed among experimental tanks with mean initial weight of 24.09 gm. They were pre-acclimated to laboratory conditions for 21 days prior to the feeding trials. The experiment was conducted by using 15 plastic tanks (100 L) representing five treatments with three replicates. Each tank was stocked with 11 fishes. Treatments included 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 or 10 gm grape byproduct/kg diet. The result showed that red blood cell (RBC) data of the control group was significantly higher than other treatments. Hemoglobin of fishes in groups 2.5 and 10 gm/kg diet was significantly different from other treatments. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) values for 0.0, 5.0 and 10 gm/kg groups were significantly different, so mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values showed significant differences resulted from 0.0, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 gm/kg diet compared to 2.5 gm/kg diet group. The white blood cells (WBC) were significantly different in 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 gm/kg diet. Granulocyte percentages obtained in all treatments were significantly different from control. Lymphocyte percentages were significantly different in all treatments compared to 10 gm/kg diet group. The Monocytes were significantly different in 2.5, 7.5 and 10 gm/kg groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted in the Animal resources department field College of Agri. and Forestry by using two antihelmentic programs for awassi ewes . 20 awassi ewes (3 – 4 year age) were divided into two groups (10 animal/ group). The 1st group treated with Albendazole (7.5mg/kg B.wt) orally and Ivermectin (2mg/kg B.wt) s.c. The 2nd group treated with Rafoxanide (7.5mg/kg B.wt) orally and Ivermectin (2mg/kg B.wt) s.c. Results revealed a significant increase in Hb. concentration in the group treated with albendazole and ivermectin , and a significant increase in Hb. concentration , PCV , T.RBC , serum total protein , globulin and globulin: albumin ratio in the group treated with rafoxanide and ivermectin. In conclusion results revealed that the rafoxanide and ivermectin antihelmentic programs were better than the albendazole and ivermectin program in improving blood picture and the serum biochemical parameher in awassi ewes.

ABSTRACT The study tested the effect of the lipopolysaccharide, which was extracted from Klebsiella pneumoniae, on immune response of BALB/c mice infected with secondary hydatid disease caused by experimental infection with Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices. The immunopathological changes accompanied with secondary hydatid disease in mice treated with LPS were followed in comparison with the positive and negative control group along 3-5 months period of the experiments. Criteria taken into consideration included the changes in the total and differential count of WBCs, and non-specific (innate) immune response, expressed by the change in the phagocytic index. Results of the present study revealed an increase in the means of total and differential count of WBCs, expressed by increase in the number of lymphocytes accompanied by a decrease in number of monocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils in treated mice. An increase in the nonspecific immune responses is represented by increase in the mean of phagocytic index. Therefore, it may be concluded that the lipopolysaccharide extracted from Klebsiella pneumoniae can be used as a non-toxic stimulator of non-specific immunity against infection with secondary hydatid disease.