1. Rat liver mitochondrial membrane characteristics and mitochondrial functions are more profoundly altered by dietary lipid quantity than by dietary lipid quality: effect of different nutritional lipid patterns
- Author
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Gilles Fouret, Béatrice Chabi, Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu, Marie-Annette Carbonneau, Charles Coudray, Manar Aoun, Carla Ferreri, Christine Feillet-Coudray, Jean-Paul Cristol, Chantal Wrutniak-Cabello, David Crouzier, Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme (DMEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique, Unité de Biophysique Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche du Service de Santé des Armées, and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
- Subjects
Male ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Mitochondria, Liver ,Mitochondrial trifunctional protein ,Oxidative Phosphorylation ,chaîne respiratoire mitochondriale ,Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated ,Electron Transport Complex III ,Random Allocation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Membrane fluidity ,teneur en graisses ,Inner mitochondrial membrane ,Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ,2. Zero hunger ,0303 health sciences ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,biology ,Mitochondrial Trifunctional Protein ,Chemistry ,food and beverages ,Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases ,Trans Fatty Acids ,Fish oil ,High-fat diet ,Biochemistry ,Mitochondrial Membranes ,fonctions mitochondriales ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Membrane Fluidity ,Dietary lipid ,Diet, High-Fat ,Mitochondrial functions ,Respiratory complexes ,Electron Transport Complex IV ,03 medical and health sciences ,Fish Oils ,Multienzyme Complexes ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Rats, Wistar ,030304 developmental biology ,Cholesterol ,Lipid metabolism ,Biological membrane ,complexes respiratoires ,Dietary Fats ,Rats ,Fatty Liver ,Endocrinology ,biology.protein ,RAT ,[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition ,Mitochondrial membrane - Abstract
Dietary lipids are known to affect the composition of the biological membrane and functions that are involved in cell death and survival. The mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes are membrane protein complexes whose function depends on the composition and fluidity of the mitochondrial membrane lipid. The present study aimed at investigating the impact of different nutritional patterns of dietary lipids on liver mitochondrial functions. A total of forty-eight Wistar male rats were divided into six groups and fed for 12 weeks with a basal diet, lard diet or fish oil diet, containing either 50 or 300 g lipid/kg. The 30 % lipid intake increased liver NEFA, TAG and cholesterol levels, increased mitochondrial NEFA and TAG, and decreased phospholipid (PL) levels. SFA, PUFA and unsaturation index (UI) increased, whereas MUFA andtrans-fatty acids (FA) decreased in the mitochondrial membrane PL in 30 % fat diet-fed rats compared with 5 % lipid diet-fed rats. PL UI increased with fish oil dietv.basal and lard-rich diets, and PLtrans-FA increased with lard dietv.basal and fish oil diets. The 30 % lipid diet intake increased mitochondrial membrane potential, membrane fluidity, mitochondrial respiration and complex V activity, and decreased complex III and IV activities. With regard to lipid quality effects, β-oxidation decreased with the intake of basal or fish oil diets compared with that of the lard diet. The intake of a fish oil diet decreased complex III and IV activities compared with both the basal and lard diets. In conclusion, the characteristics and mitochondrial functions of the rat liver mitochondrial membrane are more profoundly altered by the quantity of dietary lipid than by its quality, which may have profound impacts on the pathogenesis and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
- Published
- 2011