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Abstract Background Orbital metastasis is a possible complication of small cell lung cancer and a pattern of bilateral invasion of the extraocular muscles has rarely been reported in literature. Case presentation A 46-year-old white male with a past medical history of smoking and stage IV small cell lung carcinoma presented with loss of vision and pain in the left eye. Examination revealed bilateral proptosis and left afferent pupillary defect, and visual acuity was hand motion on the left eye and 4/10 on the right eye. An orbital computed tomography scan showed a compression of the left optic nerve between the extraocular muscles at the apex, and a lateral canthotomy was performed for a new-onset compressive optic neuropathy, with residual visual improvement. There was also significant enlargement of the extraocular muscles in the right orbit. The patient was maintained in palliative treatment with both chemotherapy and local medical and surgical (amniotic membrane cover for exposure keratopathy) ophthalmological treatments until he eventually died 5 months after. Conclusion Bilateral metastasis to the extraocular muscles is a very rare manifestation of small cell lung cancer and the palliative treatment in these cases is challenging.

Abstract Zinc (Zn) deficiency affects one-third of the world’s population, and agronomic biofortification is a good way to fight against this problem. Biofortification of leafy vegetables has been driven by their consumption, and, in this scenario, the waterleaf (Talinum triangulare) demonstrates good potential. Thus, this work aimed to verify the efficiency of agronomic biofortification of waterleaf with Zn applied via root. For the experiment, seedlings obtained with vegetative propagation by cuttings were used and cultivated in a mixture of sand and commercial substrate, initially in the laboratory. After acclimatization, the seedlings were transferred to a plant nursery, where NPK and Zn were applied, in six treatments (source Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, ZnSO4.7H2O), T1: control; T2: 12.5 mg kg-1; T3: 25 mg kg-1; T4: 50 mg kg-1; T5: 100 mg kg-1; T6: 400 mg kg-1. The length, number of leaves, shoots, inflorescences, and diameter of the collection were measured. The leaf dry mass (LDM), stem (SDM), root (RDM), root-shoot ratio (R S-1), leaf weight ratio (LWR), Dickson’s Quality Index (DQI), leaf and soil Zn levels, total proteins and soluble sugars (TSS) were analyzed. The dose of 400 mg kg-1 provided toxicity to plants, and the dose of 100 mg kg-1 demonstrated better results in plant growth and development and contents of proteins and zinc, with an increase of 4081% of Zn, indicating which is the most effective dose to be used in the biofortification of this species.

Resumo Fundamento: As ferramentas de telecardiologia são estratégias valiosas para melhorar a estratificação de risco. Objetivo: Objetivamos avaliar a acurácia da tele-eletrocardiografia (ECG) para predizer anormalidades no ecocardiograma de rastreamento na atenção primária. Métodos: Em 17 meses, 6 profissionais de saúde em 16 unidades de atenção primária foram treinados em protocolos simplificados de ecocardiografia portátil. Tele-ECGs foram registrados para diagnóstico final por um cardiologista. Pacientes consentidos com anormalidades maiores no ECG pelo código de Minnesota e uma amostra 1:5 de indivíduos normais foram submetidos a um questionário clínico e ecocardiograma de rastreamento interpretado remotamente. A doença cardíaca grave foi definida como doença valvular moderada/grave, disfunção/hipertrofia ventricular, derrame pericárdico ou anormalidade da motilidade. A associação entre alterações maiores do ECG e anormalidades ecocardiográficas foi avaliada por regressão logística da seguinte forma: 1) modelo não ajustado; 2) modelo 1 ajustado por idade/sexo; 3) modelo 2 mais fatores de risco (hipertensão/diabetes); 4) modelo 3 mais história de doença cardiovascular (Chagas/cardiopatia reumática/cardiopatia isquêmica/AVC/insuficiência cardíaca). Foram considerados significativos valores de p < 0,05. Resultados: No total, 1.411 pacientes realizaram ecocardiograma, sendo 1.149 (81%) com anormalidades maiores no ECG. A idade mediana foi de 67 anos (intervalo interquartil de 60 a 74) e 51,4% eram do sexo masculino. As anormalidades maiores no ECG se associaram a uma chance 2,4 vezes maior de doença cardíaca grave no ecocardiograma de rastreamento na análise bivariada (OR = 2,42 [IC 95% 1,76 a 3,39]) e permaneceram significativas (p < 0,001) após ajustes no modelo 2 (OR = 2,57 [IC 95% 1,84 a 3,65]), modelo 3 (OR = 2,52 [IC 95% 1,80 a 3,58]) e modelo 4 (OR = 2,23 [IC 95% 1,59 a 3,19]). Idade, sexo masculino, insuficiência cardíaca e doença cardíaca isquêmica também foram preditores independentes de doença cardíaca grave no ecocardiograma. Conclusões: As anormalidades do tele-ECG aumentaram a probabilidade de doença cardíaca grave no ecocardiograma de rastreamento, mesmo após ajustes para variáveis demográficas e clínicas.

O Regulamento (UE) 2021/2282 do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho, de 15 de dezembro de 2021, relativo à Avaliação de Tecnologias de Saúde (ATS) será aplicado a partir de 12 de janeiro de 2025, com o objetivo de auxiliar os países da União a avaliar a efetividade relativa das novas tecnologias de saúde em processos de solicitação de financiamento por terceiras entidades pagadoras, designadamente públicas. Face à implementação do regulamento europeu de ATS, é necessário e oportuno discutir as suas implicações na avaliação terapêutica e na avaliação económica de medicamentos, assim como as adaptações que poderão ocorrer nas estruturas de acesso ao mercado da indústria farmacêutica. Neste artigo relatam-se os resultados de uma discussão entre profissionais do acesso ao mercado, no sentido de perspetivar as implicações que o regulamento trará para o modelo local de avaliação farmacoterapêutica, avaliação económica, financiamento e acesso ao mercado de medicamentos, para a organização funcional e estrutural da indústria farmacêutica, bem como fornecer uma perspetiva global sobre o impacto do regulamento na Europa e em Portugal, com a identificação de cinco potenciais vantagens e cinco potenciais desvantagens associadas à sua aplicação na prática. Em conclusão, o regulamento europeu incide apenas sobre avaliação farmacoterapêutica, não constituindo uma abordagem transversal sobre a ATS. Este constitui uma oportunidade para tornar o modelo de avaliação farmacoterapêutica mais consistente entre os Estados-Membros e acelerar o acesso dos doentes à inovação. Não obstante, o regulamento não é vinculativo, carece de especificidade e mantém a independência dos Estados-Membros na tomada de decisão sobre o valor terapêutico das tecnologias de saúde.

Introduction and Objectives: Baby-Friendly Hospitals’ initiative upholds practices that promote and protect breastfeeding. Previous studies reveal high breastfeeding rates at discharge from maternity, with a progressive reduction over the first months of life. The objective of this study is to evaluate the epidemiology of breastfeeding during the first year of life and to identify factors that contribute to its maintenance. Methods: An observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study was carried out between February 2020 and March 2021. Data were obtained through a questionnaire carried out during hospitalization after delivery, and periodic telephone contacts during the following months, to assess the maintenance of breastfeeding. Results: This study included 201 mother-child dyads. The prevalence of breastfeeding at discharge was 97.5%; all preterm newborns were breastfed and 83.9% of term newborns were exclusively breastfed. The prevalence of breastfeeding at two, four, six, nine and 12 months was 82.6%, 70.6%, 64.7%, 51.2% and 36.3%, respectively. At six months, breastmilk was the only source of milk in more than 50% of cases, and 19.9% were exclusively breastfed, without complementary feeding. Skinto- skin contact, favorable previous experience and employability were associated with higher breastfeeding rates. Discussion: This study highlights the importance of well-established practices in hospitals, such as skin-to-skin contact, to maintain breastfeeding. It also reveals the need to improve maternity support policies for working women. Reducing breastfeeding rates are responsible for adverse health effects, being its promotion a public health priority.

ABSTRACT Polycystic liver disease, a hereditary pathology, usually manifests as autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. The many cysts in the liver cause massive hepatomegaly, majorly affecting the patient’s quality of life. In cases of refractory symptoms, liver transplantation is the only treatment choice. A 43-year-old woman was followed up as a hepatology outpatient in August 2020, with a progressive increase in abdominal volume, lower limb edema, and cachexia. The patient was diagnosed with polycystic renal and liver disease with massive hepatomegaly in March 2021, a combined kidney-liver transplant. Liver size represented 13% of the patient’s corporal composition, weighing 8.6kg. The patient was discharged on the 7th postoperative day with no complications. Only 10-20% of patients with polycystic liver disease have clinical manifestations, most of which result from hepatomegaly. An increase in liver volume deteriorates liver function until the condition becomes end-stage liver disease, as kidney function is already compromised; liver-kidney transplantation remains the only treatment choice. The case described drew significant attention to the massive hepatomegaly presented in the patient, with the liver representing over 10% of the patient’s body weight, approximately five to six times larger than a normal-sized liver.

BackgroundA diagnosis of cancer, and the resulting treatment process, can be perceived as a life-threatening event, affecting not only patients but also their social network and, more specifically, their relatives. While the ability to cope and adjust to difficult health situations may be challenging, family resilience may optimize a positive adaptation to adversity and contribute to enhance the patient’s quality of life. The Family Resilience Questionnaire (FaRE) is a self-report measure of family resilience that assesses this construct systematically. We aimed to validate the Portuguese version of a short form of the FaRE (FaRE-SF-P) in a sample of women with breast cancer.Methods147 women recently diagnosed with early breast cancer were recruited at the Champalimaud Clinical Centre in Lisbon. Participants completed psychometric assessment including the Portuguese version of the FaRE-SF-P, composed by two subscales of the original version – the FaRE Perceived Family Coping (FaRE-PFC) and the FaRE Communication and Cohesion (FaRE-CC). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to assess the factor structure of the FaRE-SF-P. Construct validity was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for divergent validity, and the Modified Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (mMOS-SS) as well as the social functioning subscale from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) for convergent validity.ResultsThe CFA results confirmed a correlated two-factor structure model consistent with the Perceived Family Coping and the Communication and Cohesion subscales. Internal consistency reliability indicated good values both for Perceived Family Coping and Communication and Cohesion subscales. The results for construct validity showed acceptable convergent and divergent validity.DiscussionThe FaRE-SF-P showed good psychometric properties demonstrating to be a valid and reliable family resilience measure to use in Portuguese women diagnosed with breast cancer. Since FaRE-SF-P is a short instrument it may be a useful screening tool in an oncological clinical practice routine.

Objective: to identify the risk factors for surgical site infection in patients after heart procedure. Methods: integrative literature review by searching the Medical Literature Analyses and Retrieval System online, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Nursing Database. The search for the articles occurred during the month of February 2022. Results: 24 articles were eligible for the review. In all studies, the population was mostly male, aged between 51 and 70 years, who underwent elective myocardial revascularization surgery. The main comorbidities presented were diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity. The infection rates ranged from 2.4% to 38.9%, and the main pathogen identified was Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: the main comorbidities present in patients who manifested surgical site infection were diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and smoking. The risk factors were gender, age, and prolonged preoperative hospitalization. Antibiotic prophylaxis, trichotomy, nasal decolonization, and adequate skin antisepsis were the most adopted prophylactic measures. Contributions to practice: knowing the profile of patients who developed infection may favor planning risk control actions.

Abstract Background To date, the rates of potentially life-threatening condition (PTLC), maternal near miss (MNM) and maternal deaths in pregnant patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and variables associated to it have not been studied. Methods This study was as a cross-sectional retrospective study conducted at São Paulo Hospital of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, a tertiary hospital that provides public medical care through the Brazilian unified health system to high-risk pregnancies. Inclusion criteria were T1DM pregnant women who delivered from January 2005 to December 2015. Three groups were established by the World Heath Organization criteria and associations were assessed using the chi-square test in between MNM and no morbidity or PLTC and no morbidity. A P value 300 μmol/ml), one patient with severe hypoperfusion (lactate > 5 mmol/L) and four of them with loss of consciousness and the presence of glucose and ketoacids in urine. PLTC criteria were studied in MNM and PLTC cases. Prolonged hospital stay was the most prevalent PLTC criteria in both groups (100% of MNM cases and 96% of PLTC), followed by renal failure in 50% of MNM cases and severe preeclampsia in 22% of PLTC cases. This study could not find any association between prenatal factors or sociodemographic characteristics with maternal morbidity. Conclusions MNM rate in T1DM was extremely high, and determined by complications of the primary disease or hypertensive disorders. No sociodemographic variables studied were related to maternal morbidity; therefore, we could not predict what increases MNM and PLTC in this specific population.

Objective: To verify the relationship between the types of feeding and presence of harmful oral habits (HOH) in children with cleft lip (CL), palate (CP) and cleft lip and palate (CLP), as well as to compare the different types of cleft to each other. Material and Methods: A form was applied to the parents of 162 children (3-5 years old), addressing the following variables: gender, cleft type, age, socioeconomic conditions, type of breastfeeding, presence of HOH, and the parents' knowledge about the consequences of oral habits. The data obtained were analyzed by chi-square test (p0.05). The type of feeding and cleft were not decisive to present some type of HOH (p>0.05) and 87% of parents stated that HOH could lead to serious complications of tooth misalignment. Conclusion: The type of feeding and fissure did not determine the acquisition of harmful oral habits in children with cleft. However, the greater the fissure's complexity, the lesser the chance of children receiving exclusive breastfeeding.

BackgroundThe impact of a cancer diagnosis may be traumatic, depending on the psychological resources used by patients. Appropriate coping strategies are related to better adaptation to the disease, with coping flexibility, corresponding to the ability to replace ineffective coping strategies, demonstrated to be highly related with self-efficacy to handle trauma. The Perceived Ability to Cope with Trauma (PACT) scale is a self-rated questionnaire that assesses the perceived ability to cope with potentially traumatic events, providing a measure of coping flexibility. The current study aimed at examining the psychometric properties of the PACT Scale in Portuguese patients with breast cancer.MethodsThe study included 172 patients recently diagnosed with early breast cancer. Participants completed a Portuguese version of the PACT scale, and instruments of self-efficacy for coping with cancer (Cancer Behavior Inventory-Brief Version—CBI-B), of quality of life (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30—QLQ-C30), and of psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale—HADS) that were used as convergent and divergent measures, thus assessing construct validity. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to test the factor structure of the Portuguese version of PACT scale and reliabilities were examined.ResultsResults from the CFA confirmed the two-factor structure, consistent with the original Forward and Trauma focus subscales. The two subscales demonstrated high internal consistencies. Convergent and divergent validities were confirmed: the PACT scale was related to high self-efficacy to cope with cancer (CBI-B), to high perceived quality of life (QLQ-C30), and to low psychological distress (HADS).DiscussionOverall, the current results support and replicate the psychometric properties of the PACT scale. The scale was found to be a valid and reliable self-reported measure to assess Portuguese breast cancer patients regarding beliefs about their capabilities in managing the potentially traumatic sequelae of cancer. The PACT is a simple and brief measure of coping flexibility to trauma, with potential relevance for application in clinical and research settings.

A pandemia do COVID-19 criou uma crise de saúde pública mundial, impondo o chamado isolamento social e rápidas transformações nos formatos de negócios e práticas da vida social. Muitas pesquisas tradicionais que exigiam o contato pessoal tiveram que rever estratégias, principalmente no campo das Ciências Sociais. O presente artigo visa propor uma reflexão sobre inovações no método de pesquisa do “Mapeamento do Ecossistema XR no Brasil”, que explorou a chamada e-Infrastruture (plataformas como Facebook, Instagram, Twitter e Linkedin), como ferramenta importante para a prática acadêmica cartográfica através da internet.

Objetivo: avaliar a assistência prestada às mulheres vivendo com HIV/aids, focando a saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Método: revisão integrativa, cuja busca foi realizada no dia 20 de maio de 2021, nas bases de dados CINAHL, LILACS e PubMed. Adotou-se o referencial teórico de vulnerabilidade para discussão. Resultados: incluíram-se 25 estudos primários publicados de 2002 a 2021, nos idiomas português e inglês, e desenvolvidos nos continentes africano, americano, asiático, australiano e europeu. Os estudos foram agrupados em três grupos, por semelhanças: experiências das mulheres nos serviços de saúde, adesão aos tratamentos propostos pelas equipes e experiências dos profissionais frente ao cuidado destas mulheres. Conclusão: evidenciou-se a fragilidade da assistência prestada às mulheres com HIV/aids, devido ao despreparo dos profissionais em realizar orientações livres de preconceito ou estigmas sobre os direitos sexuais e reprodutivos. Salienta-se a necessidade de educação permanente e de políticas que fortaleçam o cuidado integral a essas mulheres.

Desde o desenvolvimento da técnica do transplante de fígado (TF) e da realização das primeiras cirurgias, os desafios em torno desse procedimento foram os mais variados. Distúrbios como acidose, hiponatremia, hipercalemia e hipocalcemia podem ser observados nos pacientes após TF. Apesar da recorrência, esses distúrbios são escassamente estudados. Objetivo: Analisar quais são as alterações hidroeletrolíticas e acidobásicas mais frequentes no pós-operatório imediato dos pacientes submetidos ao TF, sua prevalência e a relação dessas alterações com outras complicações frequentes nesses pacientes. Método: Este é um estudo retrospectivo transversal, que incluiu 599 pacientes que se submeteram ao transplante de fígado entre 1999 e 2021. A coleta dos dados foi realizada através da análise de prontuários da Unidade de Transplante de Fígado (UTF), do Hospital Universitário Oswaldo do Cruz em Recife (PE). Resultados: A hiponatremia esteve presente em 18% da amostra, hipocalemia em 21%, hipocalcemia em 77%, 40% apresentavam hiperfosfatemia e 69% possuíam hipomagnesemia. A hipoalbuminemia esteve presente em 98% dos pacientes e 69% possuíam hiperlactatemia. A acidose estava presente em mais de 55% da amostra. Conclusão: Os distúrbios hidroeletrolíticos e ácidobásicos são bastante prevalentes nos pacientes em pós-operatório imediato de transplante de fígado. Chamam atenção distúrbios do cálcio, magnésio, albumina, lactato, além da acidose.

Introdução: O pós-operatório imediato do transplante de fígado (TF) é um período instável e que necessita de controle e monitorização do paciente. Alterações hidroeletrolíticas e acidobásicas são apenas uma das várias complicações do pós-operatório imediato de TF, mas chamam muita atenção, e precisam de rápido e correto manejo. Objetivo: Busca-se através desta revisão avaliar as principais alterações acidobásicas e hidroeletrolíticas no pós-operatório imediato dos pacientes transplantados de fígado. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão, um estudo qualitativo com pesquisa em bancos de dados do MEDLINE, através do National Center of Biotechnology Information, acessando o site Pubmed. Os critérios de inclusão foram: (1) publicações em língua inglesa, (2) serem artigos originais ou revisão de literatura e (3) estarem em concordância com tema. Resultados: Cerca de mais de 70% dos pacientes, segundo os artigos analisados, apresentam acidose metabólica no pós-operatório imediato do TF, associada à hipercloremia. Os níveis de sódio são os mais alterados com a hiponatremia. Em média, 20% dos pacientes apresentam hipercalemia após transplante de fígado. Hipocalcemia, hipomagnesemia e hipofosfatemia são distúrbios muito frequentes nesses pacientes. Conclusões: Acidose metabólica associada à hipercloremia, hiponatremia, hipocalcemia e hipercalemia são os distúrbios mais comuns no pós-operatório mediato de TF.

Objetivo: identificar as ações de promoção, prevenção e tratamento de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis oferecidas às mulheres privadas de liberdade no Brasil. Método: revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados da CINAHL, LILACS, PubMed e Web of Science, com análise dos resultados segundo o referencial de vulnerabilidade. Resultados: foram incluídos dois estudos que abordavam o tema proposto. Identificadas para as ações de promoção a educação em saúde e aconselhamento pré e pós teste diagnóstico; para as ações de prevenção a oferta de serviços e insumos; e em tratamento a disponibilização de medicamentos. Conclusão: evidenciou-se que as ações referidas oportunizaram a redução das vulnerabilidades dessas mulheres às infecções, por meio da educação em saúde e de acesso aos cuidados de saúde. Destarte, é condição sine qua non repensar as estratégias para efetividade das ações previstas nas políticas públicas voltadas a essa população.

Abstract Axons are the slender, cable-like, up to meter-long projections of neurons that electrically wire our brains and bodies. In spite of their challenging morphology, they usually need to be maintained for an organism's lifetime. This makes them key lesion sites in pathological processes of ageing, injury and neurodegeneration. The morphology and physiology of axons crucially depends on the parallel bundles of microtubules (MTs), running all along to serve as their structural backbones and highways for life-sustaining cargo transport and organelle dynamics. Understanding how these bundles are formed and then maintained will provide important explanations for axon biology and pathology. Currently, much is known about MTs and the proteins that bind and regulate them, but very little about how these factors functionally integrate to regulate axon biology. As an attempt to bridge between molecular mechanisms and their cellular relevance, we explain here the model of local axon homeostasis, based on our own experiments in Drosophila and published data primarily from vertebrates/mammals as well as C. elegans. The model proposes that (1) the physical forces imposed by motor protein-driven transport and dynamics in the confined axonal space, are a life-sustaining necessity, but pose a strong bias for MT bundles to become disorganised. (2) To counterbalance this risk, MT-binding and -regulating proteins of different classes work together to maintain and protect MT bundles as necessary transport highways. Loss of balance between these two fundamental processes can explain the development of axonopathies, in particular those linking to MT-regulating proteins, motors and transport defects. With this perspective in mind, we hope that more researchers incorporate MTs into their work, thus enhancing our chances of deciphering the complex regulatory networks that underpin axon biology and pathology.

Abstract: The creation of a management system to systematically promote innovation is a great challenge for large companies. Some authors argue for the creation of a dedicated organizational function (the Innovation Function – IF) to guide this system. This paper aims to understand how a large company builds an Innovation Function from a longitudinal and retrospective case study. Some aspects regarding the emergence of the IF, its organizational structure evolution, and changes on its team’s scope of action are discussed. The main results highlight the importance of key actors for IF’s recognition by the organization, serving as connecting mediators to other functions and external agents. Besides that, specific competence accumulation, gradual legitimacy acquisition, and project intermediary results enabled the team to deal with radical innovation projects over time.

Zinc (Zn) is an important micronutrient in the metabolic processes of plants and animals, and its deficiency in humans can cause several physiological disorders. One way to increase the availability of this nutrient is through the biofortification technique. The waterleaf (Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd) is a vegetable that has great potential for biofortification, since it is consumed and cultivated in several countries. Thus, the aim of this work is to analyze the benefits of zinc biofortification to the growth and development of T. triangulare seedlings. The experiment was carried out during the months of February to May of 201 9, at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Growth of the Federal University of Western Pará (UFOPA), in Santarém, state of Pará, Brazil. Six Zn concentrations were applied via soil: T1 - control; T2 - 1 2.5 mg kg -1; T3 - 25 mg kg -1; T4: - 50 mg kg-1; T5 - 1 00 mg kg -1; and T6 - 200 mg kg -1. The variables analyzed were: length, number of mature and new leaves, buds, dry leaf mass, stem, root, aerial and total part, in addition to the root/aerial part ratio, relative growth rate and zinc and manganese contents. The T6 provided na increase of 284% in zinc and a reduction of 23.97% in manganese compared to T1 . Growth and development variables were not significantly affected by different doses of Zn. The T5 and T6 proved to be the most suitable for the biofortification of the species, however additional studies are necessary.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o documentário Cabra marcado para morrer (1984) de Eduardo Coutinho a fim de convocar um pensamento em torno da potência do cinema e sua relação com a história e a política. Para tanto, o texto se divide em três momentos. Na primeira seção, é feita uma contextualização do projeto estético e político das primeiras filmagens, da narrativa, que aconteceram entre 1962 e 1964 e foram interrompidas pelo golpe militar de 1964. Em seguida, é delineada a retomada das filmagens entre 1981 e 1984. E por fim, discute-se sobre a potência histórico-política de Cabra marcado para morrer (1984) de Eduardo Coutinho.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health burden and may arise as a complication of solid organ transplantation. Our study aimed to assess the incidence of the CRC in kidney and liver transplanted patients at a tertiary and reference center and to describe their clinical and pathological features.Twelve patients, 10 men and two women, with a mean age of 60 years, composed our cohort, ten of them submitted to CRC resection. Transplanted organ was liver in five patients and kidney in seven. Regarding overall survival, patients submitted to renal transplantation were all deceased 5 years after CRC diagnosis, while those subjected to hepatic transplantation had a survival of 60% at the fifth year.Pathology examination showed seven patients with advanced disease (stage III/IV) and high amount of necrosis. Tumor microenvironment was disturbed, with low inflammatory infiltrate, absence of natural killer cells and no PD-L1 expression. CRC exhibited microsatellite instability in 40%, with expression of cancer stem cell markers (CD133, CD44 and ALDH1), as well as P53 (50%) and KRAS mutations (41.7%).CRC cancer after kidney and hepatic transplantation is a rare, but aggressive and deadly event. Regular follow-up should be instituted in these patients.

Desde o começo dos casos de COVID - 19 no Brasil as ações dos governos municipais e estaduais no combate a transmissão do vírus tem sido cada vez mais importante, principalmente atendendo uma perspectiva multi-escalar. Entender a dinâmica do vírus em diferentes escalas, permite um planejamento e tomada de decisões dentro de todas as esferas governamentais, além de manter a população em alerta quanto a medidas preventivas e possíveis focos da doença. Em virtude disso, o presente artigo pretende fazer uma análise dos casos de COVID -19 no município de São Gonçalo - RJ, levando em consideração os bairros e o recorte temporal de um mês da doença, utilizando Sistema de Informação Geográfica -SIG. Palavras-chave: COVID -19; Geoprocessamento; São Gonçalo.

The gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea is the main concern for the postharvest conservation of table grapes worldwide, and the use of sulfur dioxide (SO2) is the most common practice for its control. The aim of this work was to assess the postharvest conservation of the hybrid table grape ‘BRS Nubia’ by using a new technology known as a field ultra-fast SO2-generating pad before packaging the grapes. The fruits were harvested in the 2021 season from a commercial vineyard located at Marialva, Parana, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, with 4 treatments and 4 replications, and each plot consisted of 10 bunches. The treatments included: (a) control; (b) field ultra-fast SO2-generating pad (FUFR) during the 4 h before packaging; (c) dual-release SO2-generating pad (DR) during cold storage; and (d) FUFR pad during the 4 h before packaging in combination with the DR pad during cold storage. The bunches were packaged in 0.5 kg plastic clamshells and placed in carton boxes with a capacity of 10 units each. The treatments were evaluated after 30 and 45 days in cold storage (1 ± 1 °C) by means of the incidence of gray mold, shattered berries, stem browning, bunch mass loss and bleaching. After 45 days, the boxes were removed from cold storage and kept without the pads and liners for 3 days at room temperature (22 ± 1 °C), and the incidence of gray mold, shattered berries and stem browning were assessed. The use of the FUFR pad before packaging and the DR pad during cold storage, combined or not, were efficient at controlling gray mold, keeping the incidence of the disease very low. Both pads were also efficient at preventing the mass loss of grapes, but the percentage of shattered berries was lower when the FUFR pad was used. This allowed grapes to arrive already sanitized to the packing house, and no additional SO2-generating pads were needed, representing savings in economic terms for packaging operations. The stem browning, the chemical properties, and the color attributes of berries were not influenced by any treatment.

A preocupação básica deste artigo é refletir sobre a aplicação da opção política criminal brasileira de responsabilizar penalmente a pessoa jurídica por crimes ambientais, através do estudo das decisões emanadas pelos Tribunais Superiores em relação ao tema e, especialmente, da decisão prolatada no Recurso Extraordinário n. 548181/ PR, adotada como marco teórico. Para tanto, empregamos o método dedutivo, com utilização da técnica de pesquisa documental – aos sítios dos tribunais – e bibliográfica, considerando-se as contribuições de autores consagrados da doutrina nacional. Concluímos que o Judiciário vem se adaptando para dar efetividade à decisão do legislador brasileiro, especialmente ao superar a teoria da dupla imputação. Por outro lado, há divergências acerca da compatibilidade ou não da responsabilização de empresas com a dogmática penal, em especial no que se refere à conduta (dolo e culpa), à culpabilidade e à pena, que exigem aprofundamento nos estudos sobre o tema, com a construção de uma teoria do crime voltada especialmente às pessoas jurídicas.

Diabetic nephropathy is associated with specific histological changes. Early detection of poor glomerular and tubular function can be achieved with biomarkers of diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of kidney dysfunction biomarkers in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: Patients with T2D were grouped according to their glycated hemoglobin level. Patients’ urine and blood samples were taken to measure cystatin C (CysC), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, beta-trace protein levels, and the first morning void albumin-to-creatinine ratio. Patients in the end stage of renal disease or receiving dialysis were not included. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated, and the areas under the curve were compared with the performance of the biomarkers used to evaluate kidney dysfunction in T2D. Results: Ninety patients with T2D were chosen. CysC was positively correlated with creatinine (P < 0.001), estimated glomerular filtration rate (P < 0.001), and urinary beta-trace protein (P = 0.01). The area under the curve was 0.635 for CysC, 0.621 for serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and 0.660 for the albumin-to-creatinine ratio. A crude logistic regression model showed a positive association between serum CysC (P = 0.01) and serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (P < 0.001). A linear regression model showed a positive association between serum CysC, creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (P < 0.001) but did not show a positive association with glycated hemoglobin (P = 0.892). Discussion: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and serum CysC were positively associated with the presence of renal dysfunction and had better performance on receiver operating characteristic analysis than the other markers evaluated in patients with T2D without kidney dysfunction.

BackgroundTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) modulates neural networks. Computer simulations, while used to identify how currents behave within tissues of different conductivity properties, still need to be complemented by physical models.Objective/HypothesisTo better understand tDCS effects on biology-mimicking tissues by developing and testing the feasibility of a high-fidelity 3D head phantom model that has sensing capabilities at different compartmental levels.MethodsModels obtained from MRI images generated 3D printed molds. Agar phantoms were fabricated, and 18 monitoring electrodes were placed on specific phantom brain areas.ResultsWhen using rectangular electrodes, the measured and simulated voltages at the monitoring electrodes agreed reasonably well, except at excitation locations. The electric field distribution in different phantom layers appeared better confined with circular electrodes compared to rectangular electrodes.ConclusionThe high-fidelity 3D head model was found to be feasible and comparable with computer-based electrical simulations, with high correlation between simulated and measured brain voltages. This feasibility study supports testing to further assess the reliability of this model.

Considerando que a falta de informação e de atitudes preventivas são fatores perpetuantes de enfermidades parasitárias, o presente trabalho avaliou o impacto da educação em saúde sobre o conhecimento da leishmaniose visceral (LV) em proprietários de cães do município de Cruz das Almas, Bahia. Para tal, 162 proprietários voluntários, residentes em seis regiões pré-definidas, responderam a questionário acerca de aspectos diversos relacionados ao agravo. Ao final da entrevista, de maneira inteligível e com apoio de material informativo, informações básicas foram transmitidas aos participantes voluntários. Três meses após a intervenção educativa, cerca de 1/3 (37% = 60 moradores) dos moradores participantes, escolhidos aleatoriamente, foram reavaliados com relação ao grau de conhecimento acerca da LV a partir do mesmo questionário inicialmente empregado. Os resultados obtidos antes da ação educativa revelaram que apenas 5,5% (9/162) dos 162 entrevistados compreendiam o significado do termo zoonose e que somente 3,7% (6/162) souberam relatar ao menos um exemplo de enfermidade zoonótica. Houve, no entanto, aumento estatisticamente significativo (P

Este estudo analisará o desempenho térmico em edificações construídas em light steel frame, perfis de aços leves que apresentam excelentes vantagens, inclusive para o meio ambiente. Quanto melhor a eficiência energética de uma residência menor é o gasto com energia elétrica e menor é a produção da energia. Será usado o software WUFI para analisar as temperaturas internas da habitação. Com o software pode-se testar diversos materiais e escolher o que apresentar melhor custo x benefício para o meio ambiente, o construtor e o habitante da residência. Assim pode-se ter uma residência onde tanto o sistema construtivo quanto a eficiência energética funcionam em prol do meio ambiente e também atendem a norma de desempenho NBR 15575.

Neste artigo, versa-se sobre o tema “A integração entre o Ministério Público Federal Local e o Ministério Público Federal Regional”. Para isso, trata-se do conceito e da natureza jurídica de tal órgão, da individualização de suas atribuições e características, e, por fim, de forma mais detalhada, busca-se delimitar, compreender e explanar as medidas utilizadas para tal integração, demonstrando serem elas um meio real de fazer com que o Ministério Público Federal desenvolva suas atividades para garantir a proteção da sociedade.

Neste artigo, versa-se sobre o tema “A integração entre o Ministério Público Federal Local e o Ministério Público Federal Regional”. Para isso, trata-se do conceito e da natureza jurídica de tal órgão, da individualização de suas atribuições e características, e, por fim, de forma mais detalhada, busca-se delimitar, compreender e explanar as medidas utilizadas para tal integração, demonstrando serem elas um meio real de fazer com que o Ministério Público Federal desenvolva suas atividades para garantir a proteção da sociedade.

Molecular characterization of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis variant strains that had been preserved under mineral oil for decades was carried out by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD). On P. brasiliensis variants in the transitional phase and strains with typical morphology, RAPD produced reproducible polymorphic amplification products that differentiated them. A dendrogram based on the generated RAPD patterns placed the 14 P. brasiliensis strains into five groups with similarity coefficients of 72%. A high correlation between the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of the strains was observed. A 750 bp-RAPD fragment found only in the wild-type phenotype strains was cloned and sequenced. Genetic similarity analysis using BLASTx suggested that this RAPD marker represents a putative domain of a hypothetical flavin-binding monooxygenase (FMO)-like protein of Neurospora crassa.

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a concentração de flúor na água engarrafada comercializada, comparando-a aos valores impressos no rótulo da embalagem. Foram coletadas 229 amostras de água das 35 marcas disponíveis em diversos supermercados, mercearias e lanchonetes de grande circulação nas diferentes regiões do município de São Paulo, em 2006. A concentração de flúor foi determinada por análise em duplicata, utilizando o eletrodo íon-específico. A concentração de flúor variou entre 0,01 e 2,04 mg/l, com diferenças significantes entre os valores estipulados nos rótulos e os encontrados com a análise. Esses resultados reforçam a importância do controle dos níveis de flúor na água engarrafada por parte da vigilância sanitária.The objective of the study was to evaluate the fluoride concentration in bottled water available on the market, in comparison with the values printed on the bottle label. Two hundred and twenty-nine water samples were collected from 35 brands available in several supermarkets, grocery stores and snack bars with high turnover in different regions of the municipality of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, in 2006. Fluoride concentrations were determined by duplicate analysis using an ion-specific electrode. The fluoride concentrations ranged from 0.01 to 2.04 mg/l, with significant differences between the values stipulated on labels and those found in the analyses. These results emphasize the importance of controls over fluoride levels in bottled water enforced by the sanitary surveillance agency.

The present study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of tooth ankylosis in deciduous molars of Caucasian children with cleft lip and/or palate aged 5 to 12 years, of both genders. A total of 330 patients seen at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies of the University of São Paulo for routine treatment were clinically evaluated. The prevalence of ankylosis was analyzed in relation to gender, age range (5-7, 8-10, 11-12 years), type of cleft, affected tooth and arch. The total group showed a prevalence of 18%, with no statistical difference between genders and among types of cleft; ankylosis was more often in the mandibular arch, lower first molars and among children in the age ranges 8-10 and 11-12 years. The results agreed with those observed in the related literature for patients without clefts, pointing out the absence of influence of the cleft on the prevalence of ankylosis. This reinforces the importance of early diagnosis of this anomaly and of the treatment of choice, which are similar in patients with or without clefts.Este estudo avaliou a prevalência de anquilose dentária em molares decíduos de portadores de fissura de lábio e/ou palato, brancos, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 5 e 12 anos. Um total de 330 pacientes atendidos no Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da Universidade de São Paulo para tratamento de rotina foi clinicamente avaliado. A prevalência de anquilose foi analisada em relação a gênero, idade (5-7; 8-10; 11-12 anos), tipo de fissura, dente e arco afetados. O grupo total demonstrou prevalência de 18%, sem diferença estatística entre gêneros e tipos de fissura, sendo mais acometido o arco mandibular, o primeiro molar inferior e as faixas etárias de 8 a 10 e de 11 a 12 anos. Os resultados estão de acordo com aqueles observados na literatura para pacientes sem fissuras, destacando a ausência da influência das fissuras na prevalência de anquilose. Isso reforça a importância do diagnóstico precoce dessa anomalia e do tratamento de escolha, que são similares aos de pacientes sem fissuras.

A perda de grãos durante a colheita mecanizada está entre os principais problemas encontrados na produção de soja. Diante disso, este trabalho objetivou caracterizar as perdas quantitativas no sistema de colheita mecanizada em área de produção comercial de grãos de soja, em função da velocidade de deslocamento e do modelo das colhedoras. A colheita foi realizada utilizando-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2x2, sendo os tratamentos compostos por dois modelos de colhedoras operando em duas velocidades de deslocamento, 4,0 a 4,5 km h-¹ e de 6,0 a 7,0 km h-¹, com cinco repetições. Foram utilizadas colhedoras Massey Ferguson 5650, Advanced, ano 2003 e Massey Ferguson 5650, ano 2004. Foram avaliadas as perdas de grãos de soja ocasionadas pelos sistemas de limpeza, de separação, por deficiência de corte na plataforma da colhedora e as perdas totais. Concluiu-se as perdas no sistema de separação foi influenciada pela colhedora, as demais variáveis não tiveram alterações significativas e que as perdas no sistema de limpeza apresentaram maior contribuição para as perdas totais.