31 results on '"Barigye R"'
Search Results
2. A histologic and histomorphometric study of the first compartment of stomach in the dromedary (Camelus dromedarius)
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Aiyan, Ahmad Al, Richardson, Kenneth, Shawaf, Turke, Abdullah, Saqib, Barigye, Robert, A., Al Aiyan, Richardson, K., Shawaf, T., Abdullah, S., and Barigye, R.
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- 2018
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3. Identification of IgG2-Specific Antigens in Mexican Anaplasma marginale Strains
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BARIGYE, R, GARCÍA-ORTIZ, M A, ROJAS RAMÍREZ, E E, and RODRÍGUEZ, S D
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- 2004
4. Microbial Status of Animal Anatomical Cadavers Fixed Using Low Formaldehyde Concentrations
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Al Aiyan, A., primary, Barigye, R., additional, Mohamed, M., additional, Menon, P., additional, Hammoud, M., additional, and Richardson, K., additional
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- 2018
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5. Kinetics of selected plasma cytokines during innate-adaptive immune response transition in adult cattle infected with the bovine ephemeral fever virus
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Barigye, R., Melville, L.F., Davis, S., Walsh, S., Hunt, N., and Hunt, R.
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- 2016
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6. Kinetics of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-10, and virus neutralising antibodies during acute ephemeral fever virus infections in Brahman cattle
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Barigye, R., Melville, L.F., Davis, S., Walsh, S., Hunt, N., Hunt, R., and Elliot, N.
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- 2015
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7. Post-viraemic detection of bovine ephemeral fever virus by use of autogenous lymphoid tissue-derived bovine primary cell cultures
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Barigye, R, primary, Davis, S, additional, Hunt, R, additional, Hunt, N, additional, Walsh, S, additional, Elliott, N, additional, Dyrting, K, additional, Weir, R, additional, and Melville, LF, additional
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- 2017
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8. Evaluation of Selected Toxigenic Genes and Antimicrobial Agent Susceptibility in Staphylococcus Spp Isolated from Foods Purchased from North Dakota Grocery Stores
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Aye R, Gautam A, Reyaz A, Barigye R, Vinson H, and Gibbs Ps
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Toxin ,Toxic shock syndrome ,Antimicrobial susceptibility ,Enterotoxin ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antimicrobial ,law.invention ,Microbiology ,law ,medicine ,Staphylococcus ,Gene ,Polymerase chain reaction - Abstract
Evaluation of Selected Toxigenic Genes and Antimicrobial Agent Susceptibility in Staphylococcus Spp Isolated from Foods Purchased from North Dakota Grocery Stores The present study was done to assess the incidence of five superantigenic toxin genes and toxin expression; and the antimicrobial susceptibility in food-derived coagulase-negative-Staphyloccus (CNS). Sixty-two (16.1%) Staphylococcus isolates from 385 food samples were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for five superantigenic toxin genes including four classical enterotoxins (sea, seb, sec, sed, and see), and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (tsst-1).
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- 2014
9. Viral neurotropism, peripheral neuropathy and other morphological abnormalities in bovine ephemeral fever virus-infected downer cattle
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Barigye, R, primary, Davis, S, additional, Hunt, R, additional, Hunt, N, additional, Walsh, S, additional, Elliott, N, additional, Burnup, C, additional, Aumann, S, additional, Day, C, additional, Dyrting, K, additional, Weir, R, additional, and Melville, LF, additional
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- 2016
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10. Evaluation of Selected Toxigenic Genes and Antimicrobial Agent Susceptibility in Staphylococcus Spp Isolated from Foods Purchased from North Dakota Grocery Stores
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Barigye R, Gibbs PS, primary
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- 2014
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11. Identification of IgG2-Specific Antigens in MexicanAnaplasma marginaleStrains
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BARIGYE, R, primary, GARCÍA-ORTIZ, M A, additional, ROJAS RAMÍREZ, E E, additional, and RODRÍGUEZ, S D, additional
- Published
- 2004
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12. Clinical correlates of perceived stigma among people living with epilepsy enrolled in a self-management clinical trial.
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Sajatovic M, Ghearing GR, Tyrrell M, Black J, Krehel-Montgomery J, McDermott G, Yala J, Barigye R, Adeniyi C, and Briggs F
- Abstract
Background and Purpose: Stigma is a pervasive barrier for people living with epilepsy (PLWE) and can have substantial negative effects. This study evaluated clinical correlates of perceived stigma in a research sample of PLWE considered to be at high risk due to frequent seizures or other negative health events., Methods: Analyses were derived from baseline data from an ongoing Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-funded randomized controlled trial (RCT) testing an epilepsy self-management approach. Standardized measures assessed socio-demographics, perceived epilepsy stigma, epilepsy-related self-efficacy, epilepsy self-management competency, health literacy, depressive symptom severity, functional status, social support and epilepsy-related quality of life., Results: There were 160 individuals, mean age of 39.4, (Standard deviation/SD=12.2) enrolled in the RCT, 107 (66.9 %) women, with a mean age of epilepsy onset of 23.9 (SD 14.0) years. The mean seizure frequency in the prior 30 days was 6.4 (SD 21.2). Individual factors correlated with worse perceived stigma were not being married or cohabiting with someone (p = 0.016), lower social support (p < 0.0001), lower self-efficacy (p < 0.0001), and lower functional status for both physical health (p = 0.018) and mental health (p < 0.0001). Perceived stigma was associated with worse depressive symptom severity (p < 0.0001). Multivariable linear regression found significant independent associations between stigma and lower self-efficacy (β -0.05; p = 0.0096), lower social support (β -0.27; p = 2.4x10
-5 , and greater depression severity (β 0.6; p = 5.8x10-5 )., Conclusions: Perceived epilepsy stigma was positively correlated with depression severity and negatively correlated with social support and self-efficacy. Providers caring for PLWE may help reduce epilepsy stigma by screening for and treating depression, encouraging supportive social relationships, and providing epilepsy self-management support. Awareness of epilepsy stigma and associated factors may help reduce some of the hidden burden borne by PLWE., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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13. Clinical correlates of medication adherence in individuals with bipolar disorder and comorbid hypertension.
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Levin JB, Moore DJ, Briggs F, Rahman M, Montoya J, Depp C, Einstadter D, Stange KC, Weise C, Maniglia T, Barigye R, Howard Griggs G, Adeniyi C, Yala J, and Sajatovic M
- Abstract
Objective: Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) have high rates of suboptimal medication adherence, medical illness, and premature mortality, largely from cardiovascular causes. This analysis examined the association between adherence to antihypertensive and BD medications and clinical symptoms in patients with BD and comorbid hypertension (HTN) from an ongoing trial to optimize adherence., Method: Inclusion criteria were a BD diagnosis, treatment with antihypertensives, adherence challenges, and poorly controlled HTN. Adherence was measured via self-report using the Tablets Routine Questionnaire and using eCAP, an electronic pillcap which captures openings. Average systolic blood pressure (SBP) was calculated from 12 readings over 1 week. The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) assessed BD symptoms., Results: A total of 83 participants with BD and HTN were included. Adherence to BD and antihypertensive medications were positively correlated. eCAP openings showed more missed doses than self-reported antihypertensive adherence. BD medication adherence was positively correlated with BPRS at baseline; antihypertensive adherence was negatively correlated with SBP at screening. Antihypertensive adherence improved and SBP decreased between screening and baseline., Conclusions: Adherence levels fluctuated over time and differed based on measurement method in people with comorbid BD and HTN. Self-reported BD adherence was positively related to global psychiatric symptoms and antihypertensive adherence was related to better SBP control. Monitoring both medication and blood pressure led to change in self-reported adherence. BD symptom severity may indicate poor adherence in patients with BD and should be considered in treatment planning., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Author M.S.: Research grants within past 3 years: Intra-Cellular, Merck, Otsuka, Alkermes, International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). Consultant in the past year: Alkermes, Otsuka, Janssen, Lundbeck, Teva, Neurelis. Royalties: Springer Press, Johns Hopkins University Press, Oxford Press, UpToDate.
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- 2024
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14. Seroprevalence and molecular detection of Brucella infection in livestock in the United Arab Emirates.
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Ameni G, Zewude A, Bayissa B, Alfaki IA, Albizreh AA, Alhosani N, Mohteshamuddin K, Degefa BA, Hamad ME, Alkalbani MS, Abdelhalim MM, Abdelazim AS, Koliyan RA, Kayaf K, Al Nuaimat MM, Barigye R, Willingham AL, Tibbo M, Edo BM, Sori T, and Eltahir YM
- Abstract
Small ruminants and camels are important livestock species in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), although Brucella infection can limit their productivity. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of Brucella infection and its associated risk factors in small ruminants and camels in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Additionally, seropositive animals were tested for the DNA of Brucella . Multispecies competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) and multispecies indirect (i-ELISA) were used to test 3,086 animals from 2022 to 2023. Brucella cell surface 31 kDa protein (bcsp31) gene-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) was used to detect Brucella DNA. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the association between seroprevalence and potential risk factors. The overall seroprevalences of Brucella infection were 1.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2%-2.2%) and 5.8% (95% CI, 5.0%-6.7%) based on serial and parallel testing, respectively. The DNA of Brucella was detected in 13 of the 51 seropositive animals. The overall seroprevalence of Brucella infection was associated with the region, type of animal holding, species, and age of the animals. In conclusion, this study documented Brucella infection in small ruminants and camels in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, warranting necessary intervention strategies to eliminate Brucella infections in livestock populations., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)., (© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)
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- 2024
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15. A case study in science-to-service application of epilepsy self-management.
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Sajatovic M, Beem Jelley P, Schrag K, Varanese P, Needham K, Black J, Adeniyi C, Barigye R, Yala J, Ghearing GR, Glasgow RE, and Briggs F
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- Humans, Female, Male, Adult, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Epilepsy therapy, Self-Management methods
- Abstract
Aims: Epilepsy self-management (ESM), the overall approach of reducing seizures and optimizing whole-health, is a targeted approach to improve population health for people with epilepsy (PWE). "Self-management for people with epilepsy and a history of negative health events" (SMART) is an 8-session group-format, remotely delivered ESM. This report describes the evolution of SMART development, testing and scale-up, taking advantage of ESM team expertise, community relationships and infrastructure established by social service agencies that deliver support to PWE., Methods: This is a case-study dissemination and implementation (D&I) science-to-service model using the RE-AIM framework approach (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) focused on 5 dimensions of individual- and setting-level outcomes important to program adoption, impact and sustainability. Performance evaluations include participation representativeness, ESM attendance and acceptability as well as change in relevant health outcomes., Results: SMART D & I is implemented via a collaboration of 3 unique regional, epilepsy-focused nonprofit social service organizations and a university team that developed SMART. The ongoing collaboration is expanding SMART delivery to PWE across 13 U.S. states. Thus far, we have trained 17 Nurse and Peer Educators (NEs and PEs). PEs (N = 10) have a mean age 51.1 (SD 10.4) years and a mean age of epilepsy diagnosis of 29.4 (SD 19.3). Of 128 participants offered SMART, and who provided age data (N = 86) mean age was 37.7 years (SD 14.4). Of participants who provided data on gender and race (N = 89), 65 were women (73.9 %), 18 African-American (20.2 %). Mean age of epilepsy diagnosis was 19.4 years (SD 16.6) and 59 (52.2 %) of PWE reported having seizures in the last 30 days pre-SMART sessions. Among those with attendance data (N = 103), mean number of SMART groups attended was 5.7 (SD 2.3). Mean values for past 30-day seizure frequency, 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Inventory (GAD-7) and 10-item Quality of Life in Epilepsy Scale (QOLIE-10) for PWE that provided both pre and post SMART data were 7.6 (SD 15.8) vs 2.8 (SD 3.4) p = 0.3, 7.63 (SD 6.6) vs 6.3 (SD 5.7) p = 0.95, 6.6 (SD 5.7) vs 6.67(SD 5.3) p = 0.47 and 2.8 (SD 0.8) vs 2.7 (SD 1.0) p = 0.07 respectively., Conclusions: Implementing ESM using a RE-AIM/Iterative RE-AIM framework links intervention developers and community partners. While PWE have substantial barriers to health, including frequent seizures, they are able engage in the SMART program. Although a major limitation to patient-level evaluation is challenges in collecting post-SMART follow-up data, preliminary findings suggest a trend for improved quality of life., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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16. Novel arthrocentesis approaches to the carpal joint of the Dromedary Camel (Camelus dromedarius).
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King FC, Aldarwich A, Hammoud M, Barigye R, Shawaf T, and Al Aiyan A
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- Animals, Arthrocentesis, Camelus, Forelimb, Wrist Joint diagnostic imaging, Wrist Joint surgery, Carpal Joints anatomy & histology, Carpal Joints diagnostic imaging, Carpal Joints surgery
- Abstract
The knowledge gap regarding the topography and anatomy of the dromedary's carpal joint must be bridged to improve diagnostic and treatment procedures such as ultrasonography, arthrocentesis, and arthroscopy. Thirty-five distal forelimbs were harvested from 21 dromedaries and studied through gross dissection, casting, ultrasonography, and computerized tomography. Representative three-dimensional models of the joint cavities, recesses, and pouches were obtained using various casting agents. The safety and feasibility of different arthrocentesis approaches were evaluated. This study provides a detailed description of dorsally located joint recesses and palmarly located joint pouches. The dorsomedial and dorsolateral approach is recommended for arthroscopy and arthrocentesis of the radiocarpal and intercarpal joint when the carpus is flexed. However, caution must be exercised during these approaches to prevent needle injury to the articulating cartilage. Caution is necessary to prevent the formation of inadvertent communication between the dorsally located tendon sheaths and joint cavities. Arthrocentesis via the lateral approach to the lateropalmar pouch is the most favourable approach for the radiocarpal joint. A subtendinous synovial bursa was found between the lateropalmar pouch of the radiocarpal joint and the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle. The subtendinous synovial bursa must be considered during the lateral arthrocentesis approach. The palmar approach is not recommended for arthrocentesis due to the high risk of injury to nerves, veins, and arteries located palmarly., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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17. Pilot serosurvey of Coxiella burnetii in domesticated small ruminants in the United Arab Emirates.
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Barigye R, Hassan NAD, Abdalla-Alfaki IM, Al Alawi HKK, Aldhaheri AMB, Ghanim FM, Alkhateri MAS, Alalawi NSA, Mohamed MEH, and Mohteshamuddin K
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- Animals, Goats, Ruminants, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Sheep, United Arab Emirates epidemiology, Coxiella burnetii
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The seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii in goats and sheep in the UAE was evaluated by ELISA testing of 437 small ruminant sera samples from livestock farms (LivF) and 478 from the Al Ain livestock market (AALM), and the data from the pilot serosurvey were analyzed using the z-test of two proportions and Fisher's method. The overall proportion of C. burnetii-seropositive goats of 32.1% was significantly higher than 24.7% for seropositive sheep (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the difference in the proportions of C. burnetii-seropositive sheep from the LivF (27.9%) and AALM (21.7%) was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). By comparison, the proportion of C. burnetii-seropositive goats from LivFs was 31.6% compared to 32.5% for the goats from the AALM (p > 0.05). In addition, there was variability in the proportions of C. burnetii-seropositive goats and sheep from the different Emirates, but none of differences was statistically significant (p > 0.05). These data provide the first evidence of apparent C. burnetii infections in goat and sheep herds in the UAE with seropositivity rate that is significantly higher in goats than sheep. The epidemiology and animal and public health implications of this pathogen need to be thoroughly evaluated in the UAE., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)
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- 2022
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18. Perspectives on the use and risk of adverse events associated with cytokine-storm targeting antibodies and challenges associated with development of novel monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of COVID-19 clinical cases.
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Johnson AM, Barigye R, and Saminathan H
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- Antibodies, Monoclonal adverse effects, Cytokines, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Cytokine Release Syndrome
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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that lacks globally accessible effective antivirals or extensively available vaccines. Numerous clinical trials are exploring the applicability of repurposed monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting cytokines that cause adverse COVID-19-related pathologies, and novel mAbs directly targeting SARS-CoV-2. However, comorbidities and the incidence of cytokine storm (CS)-associated pathological complexities in some COVID-19 patients may limit the clinical use of these drugs. Additionally, CS-targeting mAbs have the potential to cause adverse events that restrict their applicability in patients with comorbidities. Novel mAbs targeting SARS-CoV-2 require pharmacological and toxicological characterization before a marketable product becomes available. The affordability of novel mAbs across the global economic spectrum may seriously limit their accessibility. This review presents a perspective on antibody-based research efforts and their limitations for COVID-19.
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- 2021
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19. Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii in a dairy cattle herd from the Al Ain region, United Arab Emirates.
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Barigye R, Hassan NAD, Abdalla Alfaki IM, Barongo MB, Mohamed MEH, and Mohteshamuddin K
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- Animals, Cattle, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay veterinary, Female, Pregnancy, Seroepidemiologic Studies, United Arab Emirates epidemiology, Cattle Diseases epidemiology, Cattle Diseases microbiology, Coxiella burnetii isolation & purification, Q Fever epidemiology, Q Fever veterinary
- Abstract
The present study assessed the serostatus of Coxiella burnetii in a dairy cattle herd from the Al Ain region, UAE. In addition, the study evaluated the relationship between C. burnetii seropositivity and history of abortion and cattle age. Blood/sera from 759 cattle were tested by ELISA, and the data analyzed by the Pearson Chi-square test (PCST), odds ratios, and logistic regression. Of the 759 study cattle, 36.5% (277/759) were seropositive while 63.5% (482/759) were seronegative for C. burnetii. Additionally, 19.5% (148/759) of the cattle had ever aborted while 80.5% (611/759) had not. Meanwhile, 34.3% (95/277) of the C. burnetii-seropositive cattle (CBSPos) had history of abortion while 65.7% (182/277) did not. By comparison, only 11.0% (53/482) of the C. burnetii-seronegative (CBSNeg) cattle had history of abortion while 89.0% (429/482) had never aborted. The difference in the conditional probabilities of CBSPos or CBSNeg cattle that had history of abortion was statistically significant (PCST; p value 0.001), as was the association between a CBSPos outcome and history of abortion (p value 0.0001). Moreover, the odds of prior abortion having occurred in CBSPos were 4.3 times higher than in CBSNeg cattle. Similarly, the log of the odds of past abortions was positively correlated with C. burnetii seropositivity and cattle age (p value < 0.001). These data demonstrate apparent C. burnetii infections in cattle from the UAE in which the risk of abortion appears to increase with cattle age. Molecular testing for C. burnetii and comprehensive investigations of other abortigenic pathogens in the study cattle herd are recommended.
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- 2021
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20. Serological evidence of Coxiella burnetii, Leptospira interrogans Hardjo, Neospora caninum and bovine pestivirus infections in a dairy cattle herd from the United Arab Emirates.
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Barigye R, Hassan NA, AlQubaisi DMN, and Abdalla-Alfaki IM
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- Abortion, Veterinary microbiology, Animals, Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease epidemiology, Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease virology, Cattle, Cattle Diseases microbiology, Cattle Diseases parasitology, Cattle Diseases virology, Coccidiosis epidemiology, Coccidiosis veterinary, Dairying, Female, Hemorrhagic Syndrome, Bovine epidemiology, Hemorrhagic Syndrome, Bovine virology, Leptospirosis epidemiology, Leptospirosis microbiology, Leptospirosis veterinary, Prevalence, Q Fever epidemiology, Q Fever microbiology, Q Fever veterinary, Seroepidemiologic Studies, United Arab Emirates epidemiology, Abortion, Veterinary epidemiology, Cattle Diseases epidemiology, Coxiella burnetii isolation & purification, Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral isolation & purification, Leptospira interrogans isolation & purification, Neospora isolation & purification
- Abstract
The serostatus of five abortigenic agents and the association between abortion history and Coxiella burnetii seropositivity were assessed in 350 dairy cattle from Al Ain, UAE. The bovine sera were ELISA-screened for C. burnetii, Leptospira Hardjo, Neospora caninum, and Brucella abortus antibodies, plus bovine pestivirus (BVDV) antigen. The serology data were collated and the level of significance between the proportions of C. burnetii-seropositive cattle with and without abortion history assessed by the Z test of two proportions. Of the 350 cattle, 41.4%, 1.7%, 1.4%, 0.3%, and 0.0% were seropositive to the above pathogens, respectively. Besides, 61.9%, 2.9%, 1.0%, 0.0%, and 0.0% of the 105 cattle with history of abortion and 32.7%, 1.2%, 1.6%, 0.0% and 0.0% of the 245 seropositive cattle with no history of abortion were also seropositive for the above pathogens respectively. Moreover, the proportion of C. burnetii-seropositive cattle with history of abortion were significantly higher than the C. burnetii-seropositive ones without abortion history (p-value < 0.01). Apparent C. burnetii infections were relatively higher than the other four pathogens suggesting this bacterium contributed to abortion in the herd. Additional research on the public and bovine health implications of C. burnetii and Leptospira in the UAE are urgently needed.
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- 2020
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21. Serological evidence of enzootic bovine leukosis in the periurban dairy cattle production system of Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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Hassan NAD, Mohteshamuddin K, Anthony A, Al Aiyan A, Mohamed MEH, Abdalla Alfaki IM, and Barigye R
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- Animals, Antibodies, Viral blood, Cattle, Enzootic Bovine Leukosis blood, Enzootic Bovine Leukosis immunology, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay veterinary, Female, Leukemia Virus, Bovine immunology, United Arab Emirates epidemiology, Enzootic Bovine Leukosis epidemiology
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The serostatus of enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) was determined at three dairy farms and the Al Ain Livestock Market (AALM), within the Al Ain region of Abu Dhabi, UAE. Of the 957 bovine sera tested by ELISA, 657 were from Holstein-Friesians from three dairy farms, and 300 from Bos indicus cattle at AALM. The chi-square homogeneity test (CSHT) and the Marascuilo multiple comparison procedure (MMCP) assessed the level of significance between the proportions of EBL-seropositive cattle (ESPC) across the study farms and AALM, and between the age groups at farms 1 and 3. Overall, the proportion of ESPC was 25.7% at dairy farms and AALM, 37.0% for farms and 1.0% for AALM. Furthermore, the proportions of ESPC at farms 1, 2 and 3 were 54.7%, 0.0% and 26.3% respectively, and statistically significant differences were seen across the farm/farm and farm/AALM comparisons, and between two age groups at farms 1 and 3. The 37-72-month-old age group showed the highest proportion of ESPC. This is the first serological evidence of EBL in the UAE. As previously reported, the ESPC are comparatively higher in dairy than Bos indicus cattle. Molecular and more extensive serological studies are needed to further corroborate the present data. Meanwhile, the UAE veterinary authorities will need to formulate national EBL control policies.
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- 2020
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22. Cryptosporidium parvum and other enteric pathogens in scouring neonatal dairy calves from the Al Ain region, United Arab Emirates.
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Mohteshamuddin K, Hamdan L, AlKaabi AB, and Barigye R
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- Animals, Animals, Newborn microbiology, Animals, Newborn parasitology, Cattle, Cattle Diseases microbiology, Cattle Diseases parasitology, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Coronavirus Infections veterinary, Coronavirus, Bovine, Dairying, Escherichia coli Infections epidemiology, Escherichia coli Infections microbiology, Escherichia coli Infections veterinary, Female, Male, Rotavirus Infections epidemiology, Rotavirus Infections veterinary, Salmonella Infections, Animal epidemiology, United Arab Emirates epidemiology, Cattle Diseases epidemiology, Cryptosporidiosis epidemiology, Cryptosporidium parvum
- Abstract
Faecal specimens from 36 scouring neonatal calves from two dairy farms located in the Al Ain region of the UAE were screened with pathogen-specific antigen ELISA for Cryptosporidium parvum, Escherichia coli K99, rotavirus, and coronavirus. Additionally, faecal smears were stained with modified-acid-fast for Cryptosporidium oocysts, and the VITEK 2 system plus Gram's stain used to identify bacteria isolated from the faecal samples. Farm management practices were also evaluated during a farm visit. Of the 36 calves, 29, 13, 5, and 6 were positive for C. parvum, E. coli K99, bovine coronavirus, and rotavirus antigens respectively, while 27 were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts. In various combinations, mixed infections were detected in 20/36 calves. This is the first report of C. parvum, E. coli K99, Salmonella spp., rotavirus, and coronavirus in ≤14-days-old scouring neonatal dairy calves from the UAE. Molecular characterization of these pathogens and nationwide epidemiological calf scour studies are recommended., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest All authors of this manuscript declare there are no financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence the intellectual work presented in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2020
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23. Effectiveness of vaccines and vaccination programs for the control of foot-and-mouth disease in Uganda, 2001-2010.
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Muleme M, Barigye R, Khaitsa ML, Berry E, Wamono AW, and Ayebazibwe C
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- Animals, Cattle, History, 21st Century, Regression Analysis, Uganda epidemiology, Vaccination methods, Vaccination statistics & numerical data, Cattle Diseases epidemiology, Cattle Diseases prevention & control, Foot-and-Mouth Disease epidemiology, Foot-and-Mouth Disease prevention & control, Vaccination veterinary, Viral Vaccines therapeutic use
- Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals. In Uganda, FMD outbreaks are mainly controlled by ring vaccination and restriction of animal movements. Vaccination stimulates immunity and prevents animals from developing clinical signs which include lameness, inappetence, and decreased production. Ring vaccination and restriction of animal movements have, however, not successfully controlled FMD in Uganda and outbreaks reoccur annually. The objective of this study was to review the use of FMD virus (FMDV) vaccines and assess the effectiveness of vaccination programs for controlling FMD in Uganda (2001-2010), using retrospective data. FMD vaccine distribution patterns in Uganda (2001-2010) matched occurrence of outbreaks with districts reporting the highest number of outbreaks also receiving the largest quantity of vaccines. This was possibly due to "fire brigade" response of vaccinating animals after outbreaks have been reported. On average, only 10.3 % of cattle within districts that reported outbreaks during the study period were vaccinated. The average minimum time between onset of outbreaks and vaccination was 7.5 weeks, while the annual cost of FMDV vaccines used ranged from US $58,000 to 1,088,820. Between 2001 and 2010, serotyping of FMD virus was done in only 9/121 FMD outbreaks, and there is no evidence that vaccine matching or vaccine potency tests have been done in Uganda. The probability of FMDV vaccine and outbreak mismatch, the delayed response to outbreaks through vaccination, and the high costs associated with importation of FMDV vaccines could be reduced if virus serotyping and subtyping as well as vaccine matching were regularly done, and the results were considered for vaccine manufacture.
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- 2013
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24. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of virulent and avirulent multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from diarrheic neonatal calves.
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Barigye R, Gautam A, Piche LM, Schaan LP, Krogh DF, and Olet S
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- Animals, Animals, Newborn microbiology, Cattle, Cattle Diseases microbiology, Diarrhea epidemiology, Diarrhea microbiology, Diarrhea veterinary, Escherichia coli genetics, Escherichia coli isolation & purification, Escherichia coli Infections epidemiology, Escherichia coli Infections microbiology, Feces microbiology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests veterinary, Minnesota epidemiology, Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction veterinary, North Dakota epidemiology, Prevalence, South Dakota epidemiology, Virulence, Virulence Factors metabolism, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Cattle Diseases epidemiology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial drug effects, Escherichia coli drug effects, Escherichia coli pathogenicity, Escherichia coli Infections veterinary, Virulence Factors genetics
- Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of selected virulence genes and the antimicrobial susceptibility of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli isolated from diarrheic neonatal calves., Sample: 97 E coli isolates from diarrheic neonatal calves., Procedures: E coli isolates were tested via PCR assay for 6 virulence genes and susceptibility to 17 drugs belonging to 9 classes. A 2-sample test of proportions was used to make comparisons between proportions of virulent and avirulent MDR isolates., Results: 23 of 97 (23.7%) isolates were virulent, and 74 (76.3%) were avirulent. Of the 23 virulent isolates, 15 (65.2%) were positive for K99, 14 (60.9%) for F41, 12 (52.2%) for STa, 9 (39.1%) for Stx1, 6 (26.1%) for intimin, and 0 (0%) for Stx2. Twenty of 23 (87.0%) virulent isolates expressed ≥ 2 virulence genes, and 3 of 23 (13.0%) were positive for 1 virulence factor. Eight of 23 (34.8%) virulent isolates expressed STa, K99, and F41, whereas 1 of 23 (4.4%) was positive for STa, F41, intimin, and Stx1. The second most frequent gene pattern was Stx1 and intimin. Twenty of 23 (87.0%) virulent isolates were MDR; the highest prevalence of resistance was recorded for the macrolide-lincosides, followed by the tetracyclines and penicillins. Also, 17 of 23 (74.0%) virulent isolates were resistant to sulfadimethoxine, and 10 of 23 (43.5%) were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Additionally, 60 of 74 (81.0%) avirulent isolates were MDR., Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: The prevalence of multidrug resistance was comparable for virulent and avirulent E coli isolated from diarrheic neonatal calves. Cephalosporins and aminoglycosides had reasonable susceptibility.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Proteomic analysis of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli strains from scouring calves.
- Author
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Gautam A, Vinson HM, Gibbs PS, Olet S, and Barigye R
- Subjects
- Animals, Chromatography, Liquid, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, Escherichia coli genetics, Escherichia coli Infections microbiology, Escherichia coli Proteins genetics, Escherichia coli Proteins metabolism, Mass Spectrometry, Porins genetics, Porins metabolism, Proteomics methods, Cattle microbiology, Cattle Diseases microbiology, Escherichia coli metabolism, Escherichia coli Infections veterinary, Proteome analysis
- Abstract
A number of researchers have used chemical inhibitors that target membrane efflux pumps as an experimental treatment strategy for multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. However, most of these compounds are toxic in vertebrate animals. The present research was therefore done to describe expression dynamics of drug resistance-associated Escherichia coli proteins that could serve as novel drug targets. Proteomes of MDR and antimicrobial susceptible (AS) E. coli were studied in two dimensional (2-D) polyacrylamide gels and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was performed on proteins of interest. The number of recovered peptides per protein was used to elucidate the amounts of target proteins expressed in MDR and AS E. coli strains. Eight proteins that may be potentially involved in mechanisms of drug resistance were analyzed and identified by LC-MS. These were grouped into membrane porins (TolC, OmpA, OmpC, Nmpc Precursor), proteins involved in microbial protein synthesis (EF-Ts, EF-Tu, RpsA) and Dps, a protein of unknown location and function. Experimental data demonstrated variability in the expression patterns and quantities of the four porins (TolC, OmpA, OmpC, Nmpc precursor), the three microbial protein synthesis associated proteins (EF-Ts, EF-Tu and RpsA), and Dps which has been previously associated with drug resistance. While variability was seen in quantities and expression patterns of some of the proteins of interest, the present data falls short of determining the suitability of these proteins as novel drug targets. Further studies are required to explore how these proteins could be targeted for drug development., (Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Odontogenic myxoma in an 8-year-old Labrador Retriever dog.
- Author
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Barigye R, Schultz J, Newell TK, and Dyer NW
- Subjects
- Animals, Dogs, Gingival Neoplasms pathology, Immunohistochemistry veterinary, Myxoma pathology, Odontogenic Tumors pathology, Dog Diseases pathology, Gingival Neoplasms veterinary, Myxoma veterinary, Odontogenic Tumors veterinary
- Abstract
Odontogenic myxoma (OM) was diagnosed in an 8-year-old Labrador Retriever dog with an ulcerohemorrhagic mass located on the caudal area of the right maxillary gingiva. The neoplasm was characterized by a low mitotic index and moderate numbers of spindle, stellate, and round cells that were sparsely distributed in an alcian blue reactive myxomatous matrix. Individual neoplastic cells were characterized by small amounts of faintly eosinophilic staining cytoplasm, prominent nucleoli, and stippled amphophilic staining chromatin that was immunoreactive for vimentin but negative for cytokeratin and actin. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of canine OM from North America, and it shares histomorphologic and histochemical features with 3 other cases reported in dogs elsewhere. Whereas, a literature review suggests untreated canine OM is insidious and locally aggressive, the prognosis in the present dog remains unknown. These findings support previous recommendations for inclusion of canine OM on the World Health Organization list of odontogenic tumors.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Molecular analysis of porin gene transcription in heterogenotypic multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from scouring calves.
- Author
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Vinson HM, Gautam A, Olet S, Gibbs PS, and Barigye R
- Subjects
- Animals, Cattle, Escherichia coli drug effects, Escherichia coli genetics, Escherichia coli Infections microbiology, Gene Expression Profiling, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Cattle Diseases microbiology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Escherichia coli isolation & purification, Escherichia coli Infections veterinary, Escherichia coli Proteins biosynthesis, Porins biosynthesis, Transcription, Genetic
- Abstract
Background: Despite evidence that altered membrane porins may impair microbial drug uptake thereby potentially compounding efflux pump-mediated multidrug resistance, few studies have evaluated gene transcription to identify multidrug-resistance-associated porins and other potential drug targets., Methods: Genes that encode six membrane porins (fadL, lamB, ompC, ompF, ompW and yiaT) and two membrane proteins (tolC and ompT) were assessed by PCR and by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis of 10 multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 10 antibiotic-susceptible (AS) Escherichia coli isolates. The mean DeltaDeltaCt values for the study E. coli genes were analysed by the Wilcoxon test (P = 0.05)., Results: All 20 E. coli isolates tested positive for tolC, lamB, ompC, ompF genes, while 10 MDR and 9/10 (90%) AS isolates were positive for the fadL gene. Seven out of 10 (70%) MDR and 7/10 (70%) AS isolates were positive for the yiaT gene, while 7/10 (70%) MDR and only 4/10 (40%) AS isolates were positive for the ompT gene. The mean DeltaDeltaCt values for the tolC and yiaT genes were significantly higher in MDR than in AS isolates (Wilcoxon test; P < 0.05). No significant difference was seen with respect to fadL, lamB, ompC, ompF, ompT and ompW gene transcription (Wilcoxon test; P > 0.05)., Conclusions: Findings suggest up-regulated transcription of tolC and yiaT genes in the MDR E. coli isolates. These results indirectly suggest that TolC and YiaT proteins may play some role(s) in multidrug resistance, but proteomic studies are needed before the two proteins are considered potential drug targets.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Molecular and immunohistochemical detection of assemblage E, Giardia duodenalis in scouring North Dakota calves.
- Author
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Barigye R, Dyer NW, Newell TK, Khaitsa ML, Trout JM, Santin M, and Fayer R
- Subjects
- Animals, Antigens, Protozoan blood, Cattle, Cattle Diseases epidemiology, Diarrhea parasitology, Giardiasis epidemiology, Giardiasis parasitology, Immunohistochemistry, Jejunum parasitology, Jejunum pathology, North Dakota epidemiology, Cattle Diseases parasitology, Diarrhea veterinary, Giardia classification, Giardiasis veterinary
- Abstract
Despite many reports on the shedding of Giardia parasites by scouring calves, the role of Giardia as a cause of calf diarrhea is still controversial. To elucidate the role of Giardia duodenalis in calf scours, diagnostic samples from 189 scouring calves were tested by different assays during a 1-year-study period. Giardia antigens were detected in 22/189 scouring calves by a fecal-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and 10 of these were positive for assemblage E, G. duodenalis by polymerase chain reaction. Giardia trophozoites were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in intestinal sections from five calves in which the parasites were spatially distributed in areas of microscopically detectable enteritis. Our data suggest that under certain circumstances, Giardia may cause intestinal lesions leading to calf scours. Gnotobiotic calf-based infectivity studies are needed if the pathogenicity of Giardia in calves is to be definitively determined.
- Published
- 2008
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29. Ethylene glycol toxicosis in adult beef cattle fed contaminated feeds.
- Author
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Barigye R, Mostrom M, Dyer NW, Newell TK, and Lardy GP
- Subjects
- Animal Feed, Animals, Cattle, Cattle Diseases pathology, Fatal Outcome, Female, Cattle Diseases chemically induced, Ethylene Glycol toxicity, Food Contamination analysis, Kidney drug effects, Kidney pathology
- Abstract
Acute deaths of cows held in a drylot and fed several crop processing plant by-products were investigated. Clinical signs in affected cows included diarrhea, ataxia, recumbency, hypersalivation, and sunken eyes. A histological diagnosis of ethylene glycol toxicosis, based on numerous birefringent crystals in renal tubules, was supported by toxicologic findings.
- Published
- 2008
30. Hepatic lipidosis and other test findings in two captive adult porcupines (Erethizon dorsatum) dying from a "sudden death syndrome".
- Author
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Barigye R, Schamber E, Newell TK, and Dyer NW
- Subjects
- Animals, Animals, Zoo, Female, Lipidoses pathology, Liver pathology, Liver Diseases pathology, Male, Lipidoses veterinary, Liver Diseases veterinary, Porcupines
- Abstract
Routine postmortem examination and histologic evaluation of tissue sections demonstrated hepatic lipidosis (HL) in 2 adult captive porcupines with a history of sudden death. The male porcupine had a markedly enlarged pale liver that microscopically showed large unilocular vacuoles within hepatocellular cytoplasm. The periparturient female had similar but less marked hepatic lesions and an incidental pulmonary mycosis. These findings suggest HL as an important differential of spontaneous death in captive porcupines. It is hypothesized that in addition to the widely documented causes, HL in captive porcupines may be specifically associated with nutritional imbalances caused by the feeding of unsuitable commercial diets. The possible association of the condition with dietary and other factors in captive porcupines needs to be thoroughly investigated.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Diagnostic evidence of Staphylococcus warneri as a possible cause of bovine abortion.
- Author
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Barigye R, Schaan L, Gibbs PS, Schamber E, and Dyer NW
- Subjects
- Animals, Cattle, Female, Fetus pathology, Lung pathology, Male, Pregnancy, Abortion, Veterinary microbiology, Cattle Diseases microbiology, Staphylococcal Infections veterinary, Staphylococcus classification
- Abstract
Following a routine necropsy of a bovine fetus aborted at 5 months of gestation, placenta, fetal tissue samples, and stomach contents were subjected to a number of laboratory tests. Staphylococcus warneri was isolated in pure culture from the lung, liver, and stomach contents, whereas the placenta yielded S. warneri and a number of contaminants. Gross evaluation of agar plates showed predominant colonies to be morphologically consistent with those of S. warneri and the identity of the agent was further confirmed on a Trek Diagnostic Systems Sensititre, gram-positive identification (GPID) plate. Microscopic evaluation of fetal tissue sections showed extensive necrotizing lesions of the tongue, lung, and placenta in which there were numerous coccoid shaped gram-positive bacteria with morphology consistent with Staphylococcus spp. These results provide strong diagnostic evidence of S. warneri as a possible cause of bovine abortion and suggest there should be further investigations into the abortivirulence of this agent.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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