23 results on '"Barcelos, Renato Hübner"'
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2. The Influence of Linguistic Style on Consumer Engagement: A Study from Top Global Brands’ Posts on Facebook
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Barcelos, Renato Hübner, Munaro, Ana Cristina, Martínez-López, Francisco J., editor, and Martinez, Luis F., editor
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- 2022
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3. A Star Was Born: The Professional Trajectory of Brazilian Digital Influencers
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Munaro, Ana Cristina, Barcelos, Renato Hübner, Maffezzolli, Eliane Cristine Francisco, Pantoja, Felipe, editor, and Wu, Shuang, editor
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- 2022
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4. The Drivers of Video Popularity on YouTube: An Empirical Investigation
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Munaro, Ana Cristina, Barcelos, Renato Hübner, Maffezzolli, Eliane Cristine Francisco, Rodrigues, João Pedro Santos, Paraiso, Emerson Cabrera, Martínez-López, Francisco J., editor, and D'Alessandro, Steven, editor
- Published
- 2020
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5. The Influence of Linguistic Style on Consumer Engagement: A Study from Top Global Brands’ Posts on Facebook
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Barcelos, Renato Hübner, primary and Munaro, Ana Cristina, additional
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- 2022
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6. The tone of voice of tourism brands on social media: Does it matter?
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Barcelos, Renato Hübner, Dantas, Danilo Correa, and Sénécal, Sylvain
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- 2019
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7. The Drivers of Video Popularity on YouTube: An Empirical Investigation
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Munaro, Ana Cristina, primary, Barcelos, Renato Hübner, additional, Maffezzolli, Eliane Cristine Francisco, additional, Rodrigues, João Pedro Santos, additional, and Paraiso, Emerson Cabrera, additional
- Published
- 2020
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8. Watch Your Tone: How a Brand's Tone of Voice on Social Media Influences Consumer Responses
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Barcelos, Renato Hübner, Dantas, Danilo C., and Sénécal, Sylvain
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- 2018
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9. EMERGING RESEARCH FRONTIERS IN CONSUMER NEUROSCIENCE.
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Caneppele, Nairana Radtke, Shigaki, Helena Belintani, Ribeiro Serra, Fernando Antonio, Contreras Pinochet, Luis Hernan, and Barcelos, Renato Hübner
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CONSUMER behavior ,CONSUMER research ,SUSTAINABLE consumption ,NEUROMARKETING ,NEUROSCIENCES ,MARKETING ,CONSUMER preferences ,INFORMED consent (Medical law) - Published
- 2024
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10. Does Social Media Communication Style Influence Online Consumer Experience and Behavior?: An Abstract
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Barcelos, Renato Hübner, primary, Dantas, Danilo Correa, additional, and Senecal, Sylvain, additional
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- 2019
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11. Third-agers on the Internet: Impacts on Word-of-Mouth and Online Purchase Intentions
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Esteves, Priscila Silva, Slongo, Luiz Antonio, Barcelos, Renato Hübner, and Esteves, Cristiane Silva
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- 2015
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12. The elderly female consumer : fashion and identity
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Barcelos, Renato Hübner, Esteves, Priscila Silva, and Slongo, Luiz Antonio
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Terceira idade ,Marketing ,Photo elicitation technique ,Comportamento do consumidor ,Old age ,Moda ,Old consumer ,Fashion - Abstract
O segmento da terceira idade é cada vez mais representativo no Brasil, devido a fatores como o rápido envelhecimento da população e a redução das taxas de natalidade. No entanto, foi apenas a partir do fi nal do século XX que começaram a ganhar importância estudos em marketing visando à desmistifi cação de estereótipos e preconceitos acerca do consumidor dessa faixa etária. Hoje, ainda muito há de ser feito para que realmente sejamos capazes de compreendê-lo. No que diz respeito ao consumo de moda para mulheres de terceira idade, por exemplo, pouco foi feito. O entendimento do consumo de moda é especialmente importante em função dos diversos signifi cados e valores associados a ela e da grande participação que o vestuário, os acessórios, perfumes, maquiagens, e os diversos itens da moda, exercem na expressão e na construção da identidade dos indivíduos. Para explorar essa temática, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa baseada em entrevistas em profundidade com auxílio da Photo Elicitation Technique, buscando identifi car como acontece o consumo de moda (no âmbito de vestuário) nas mulheres da terceira idade. Dentre os principais resultados, ressaltam-se a heterogeneidade do público pesquisado (que aponta para a necessidade de aprofundamento nos modelos de segmentação utilizados) e a importância do convívio social na determinação das preferências de moda. The mature segment is becoming increasingly signifi cant in Brazil, due to reasons such as the rapid aging of the population and the reduction in birth rates. However, marketing studies began to develop and seek to demystify stereotypes and prejudgments about elderly people only in the end of the twentieth century. At present, there is still much to be done in order to fully understand the older consumer. For example, little is known by researchers about older women’s fashion consumption. This understanding is particularly important because of the many meanings and values related to fashion, and because of the important role that clothes, perfumes, make-ups and other fashion products have in individuals’ self-expression and identity construction. In order to explore this subject, a qualitative research was realized by means of depth interviews and the support of the Photo Elicitation Technique, seeking to identify how elderly women consume fashion products. The main results of this work emphasize the heterogeneity among mature women — that indicates the need of greater depth in segmentation models for this market — and the relevance of social engagement to the determination of fashion preferences.
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- 2016
13. Competitividade e dimensões culturais: uma análise a partir dos blocos econômicos União Europeia e Unasul
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Barcelos, Renato Hübner, primary, Chevarria, Diego Gonzales, additional, Pantoja, Felipe Cohen Ferreira, additional, Yamim, Amanda Pruski, additional, and Nique, Walter Meucci, additional
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- 2017
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14. A intimidade da marca nas mídias sociais : a influência de uma interação próxima e pessoal no comportamento dos clientes online
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Barcelos, Renato Hübner and Rossi, Carlos Alberto Vargas
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Social media ,Brand closeness ,Mídias sociais ,Facebook ,Percepção do consumidor ,Marketing de relacionamento ,Brand intimacy ,Marketing eletrônico ,Social commerce ,Consumer-brand relationship ,Electronic marketing - Abstract
Esta tese explora um aspecto social específico da interação entre consumidores e marcas em mídias sociais, que é o nível de intimidade da marca. Este fator é entendido como o grau em que a marca interage como um ator social psicologicamente próximo aos seus consumidores, sendo operacionalizado na forma de um construto latente formado pela autorrevelação, pela expressividade de emoções, pela transmissão de sentimentos positivos e de calor humano e pela informalidade. Embora as mídias sociais já tenham se tornado um componente importante para as estratégias de relacionamento das empresas com seus clientes, ainda há uma falta de construtos específicos de relacionamento social na maior parte dos modelos tradicionalmente empregados em branding e comércio eletrônico. Assim, o objetivo geral desta tese foi o de entender como este nível de intimidade da marca influencia o comportamento dos consumidores nas mídias sociais e quando pode ser mais vantajoso para as marcas buscarem maior ou menor intimidade, dependendo do contexto de consumo em que atuam. Mais especificamente, o efeito da intimidade da marca foi analisado em duas variações de contextos de consumo: no caso de serviços de objetivo hedônico ou utilitário; e no caso de serviços de alto ou baixo envolvimento situacional. Quatro estudos experimentais foram usados, apresentando reproduções de páginas de marca no Facebook para participantes selecionados através do Amazon MTurk. Através do Estudo 1, foram oferecidas evidências de suporte ao efeito positivo da intimidade da marca nas respostas dos consumidores – intenção de compra, intenção de uso da página de marca, aceitação e fornecimento de boca a boca online – em função do aumento do valor hedônico da experiência dos consumidores na mídia social. Os resultados do Estudo 1 também ofereceram suporte à hipótese de moderação deste efeito positivo da intimidade da marca pelo tipo de consumo buscado pelos consumidores. A intimidade da marca teve um efeito maior quando os consumidores buscavam um objetivo hedônico do que um objetivo utilitário. O Estudo 2 foi projetado para testar o efeito moderador da valência geral das postagens sobre a marca na mídia social. Os resultados deste estudo demonstraram que, com o maior número de opiniões negativas sobre a marca na mídia social, o efeito positivo da intimidade da marca deixa de se manifestar em todas as variáveis dependentes. O Estudo 3 analisou a possibilidade de que a intimidade da marca pudesse tornar as respostas dos consumidores menos favoráveis à marca, no caso do aumento do risco percebido. Confirmando esta hipótese, o risco percebido foi verificado como um mediador do efeito negativo da intimidade da marca e o nível de envolvimento situacional como um moderador desta relação. Por fim, o Estudo 4 foi projetado para verificar a possibilidade de influência da valência geral das postagens sobre a marca no efeito da intimidade da marca nas variáveis dependentes. Porém, os resultados deste estudo não indicaram nenhuma interação entre a intimidade da marca e a valência geral das postagens, mas apenas um efeito direto da valência geral das postagens na intenção de compra e de boca a boca. De uma forma geral, os resultados desta tese podem contribuir não apenas para a literatura sobre marketing e comércio eletrônico, mas também podem ser úteis para informar os gerentes de marketing sobre como e quando eles deveriam abordar seus clientes de uma forma mais (ou menos) próxima. Em especial, os resultados indicam ser possível obter melhores respostas em termos de intenção de compra, uso da página de marca e boca a boca online, aumentando o nível de intimidade de marca se esta está mais relacionada a produtos/serviços mais hedônicos e de baixo envolvimento situacional, mas diminuindo o nível de intimidade se o produto/serviço está associado a um alto risco e a um elevado envolvimento situacional. This thesis explores a specific aspect of social interaction between consumers and brands on social media, which is the level of brand intimacy. This factor is defined as the degree to which the brand interacts as a psychologically close social actor to its consumers, and it is operated as a latent construct composed of self-disclosure, emotion expressivity, transmission of positive feelings, human warmth and informality. Although social media have already become an important component in the relationship strategies of companies with their customers, there is still a lack of specific constructs of social relationship in most models traditionally used in online branding and ecommerce. Thus, the general purpose of this thesis was to understand how this level of brand intimacy influences consumer behavior on social media and when it may be more advantageous for brands to seek greater or lesser intimacy, depending on the consumption context in which they operate. More specifically, the effect of brand intimacy was examined under two variations of consumption contexts: in the case of hedonic or utilitarian services; and in the case of services of high or low situational involvement. Four experimental studies were applied to participants selected through Amazon MTurk, with reproductions of Facebook brand pages. The first study provided evidence supporting the positive effect of brand intimacy in consumer responses (purchase intention, intention to use brand page, acceptance and delivery of e-WOM) – due to the increased hedonic value the experience of consumers on social media. The results of Study 1 also offered support to the hypothesis that this positive effect of intimacy brand is moderated by the consumers’ goal type. Brand intimacy had a greater effect when consumers had a hedonic goal than when they had a utilitarian goal. Study 2 was designed to test the moderating effect of the overall valence of posts about the brand on social media. The results confirmed this effect and showed that the positive effect of brand intimacy in all dependent variables ceased to exist due to the number of negative opinions on the brand page. The third study analyzed the possibility that the level of brand intimacy could make consumers’ responses less favorable to the brand in the case of increased perceived risk. Confirming this hypothesis, the perceived risk was observed as a mediator of this negative effect of brand intimacy. Additionally, the study verified that the level of situational involvement was a moderator of this relationship. Finally, the fourth study was designed to test the possibility that the overall valence of the posts about the brand could moderate the effect of brand intimacy on the dependent variables. However, the results of this study indicated no interaction between brand intimacy and the overall valence of the posts, but only a direct effect of the overall valence of posts on purchase intention and e-WOM. In a general way, the results of this thesis can contribute not only to the literature on online marketing and e-commerce, but may also be useful to inform marketing managers on how and when they should address their customers in a more (or less) close way. in order to get better responses in terms of purchase intention, brand page usage and e-WOM. In particular, the results indicate possible best responses in terms of purchase intention, brand page usage intention and e-WOM, by increasing the level of brand intimacy if it is more related to hedonic products/services with low level of situational involvement and risk, or decreasing the level of intimacy for products/services with high levels of situational involvement and risk.
- Published
- 2015
15. FATORES DE ESCOLHA E TROCA DE OPERADORA DE TELEFONIA CELULAR NO BRASIL: O QUE PESA NA LEALDADE DOS CONSUMIDORES?
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Barcelos, Renato Hübner, primary, Esteves, Priscila Silva, additional, and Piegas, Bruno Kiechle, additional
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- 2016
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16. The emotions of elderly consumers in the process of choice of travel destinations
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Esteves, Priscila Silva, Slongo, Luiz Antonio, Esteves, Cristiane Silva, and Barcelos, Renato Hübner
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Terceira idade ,Emoções ,Emotions ,Comportamento do consumidor ,Turismo ,Elderly consumers ,Consumer behavior ,Tourism - Abstract
As emoções possuem grande importância para as decisões de compra, todavia, apenas há pouco se começou a estudá-las a partir de abordagens qualitativas. Nesse sentido, este estudo buscou analisá-las em um segmento ainda pouco explorado: os consumidores da terceira idade. Para isso, concentrou-se em um serviço pelo qual eles vêm demonstrando interesse – o turismo –, buscando analisar as emoções presentes no ato de escolha de destinos de viagens pela terceira idade e a sua influência em decisões de compras futuras, através da aplicação de entrevistas em profundidade, auxiliadas pela Photo Elicitation Technique (PET). Foi possível perceber que as emoções afetam a escolha por determinado destino de viagem, pois sensações vividas durante viagens anteriores ficam guardadas na memória e têm forte influência nos processos de decisão futuros. O trabalho ainda traz contribuições interessantes para futuras pesquisas ao investigar a ocorrência das emoções, não somente como um elemento apenas presente na decisão, como ocorre, normalmente, na maioria dos trabalhos sobre emoções, mas também como algo presente em três etapas do processo de consumo – antes, durante e depois da. Ao demonstrar que esta divisão é favorável ao melhor entendimento das emoções em todo o processo de escolha de destinos de viagem, abrem-se caminhos para outras pesquisas com distintas abordagens metodológicas. Emotions have great importance in purchasing decisions, however, only recently, researchers started to study them by qualitative approaches. In this context, this study sought to examine them in a still unexplored segment: elderly consumers. For this purpose, this research concentrated in a service for which they have shown a lot of interest – tourism – in order to analyze the emotions present in the choice of travel destinations and their influence on future purchasing decisions. That was done with the use of in-depth interviews aided by the Photo Elicitation Technique (PET). It was then observed that emotions affect the choice for a particular travel destination because the sensations experienced during previous trips are stored in memory and have a strong influence on future decision-making processes. This work also brings interesting contributions for future research because it investigated the occurrence of emotions in 3 separate stages of the consumption process – before, during and after the trip – and not only as just one element in this decision, as normally occurs in most researches about emotions. By demonstrating that this was a favorable decision to better understand the emotions throughout the entire purchase decision process, new paths are opened for further research with different methodological approaches.
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- 2013
17. A Contribuição da Produção Científica em Marketing para as Ciências Sociais
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Barcelos, Renato Hübner, primary and Rossi, Carlos Alberto Vargas, additional
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- 2015
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18. Nova mídia, socialização e adolescência : um estudo exploratório sobre o consumo das novas tecnologias de comunicação pelos jovens
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Barcelos, Renato Hübner and Rossi, Carlos Alberto Vargas
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Novas tecnologias ,Mídia digital ,Socialização do adolescente ,Teenager consumers ,Socialization ,Comportamento do consumidor ,Teenagers ,New media - Abstract
O consumo das tecnologias da nova mídia – entre elas, a internet e suas aplicações, o telefone celular e os jogos online – possui um papel especialmente relevante para os jovens. Pode-se dizer que a geração adolescente atual não “adotou” a nova mídia, mas sim que ela sempre foi parte de suas vidas. Estas tecnologias oferecem amplas possibilidades de comunicação e expressão e são mais interativas e imersivas que a mídia “tradicional” – como a televisão, o rádio e o jornal, por exemplo. Além disso, os jovens têm se valido destas novas tecnologias em seus processos de aprendizagem e socialização. Eles se preocupam bastante em cultivar suas relações sociais e em construir sua identidade e, assim, a possibilidade de as novas tecnologias aprimorarem a sua socialização pode ser sua a grande atratividade. Frente a isso, este trabalho se propôs a investigar que papéis a nova mídia desempenha na socialização dos adolescentes. Esta investigação é realizada considerando o amplo domínio tecnológico da nova mídia, e não apenas uma tecnologia específica, a fim de explorar as relações gerais que existem entre elas e as motivações dos adolescentes. Estes, por sua vez, são considerados por seu papel ativo na apropriação da mídia, e não como figuras passivas sujeitas à ação determinista de influências externas. O consumo das tecnologias da nova mídia – entre elas, a internet e suas aplicações, o telefone celular e os jogos online – possui um papel especialmente relevante para os jovens. Pode-se dizer que a geração adolescente atual não “adotou” a nova mídia, mas sim que ela sempre foi parte de suas vidas. Estas tecnologias oferecem amplas possibilidades de comunicação e expressão e são mais interativas e imersivas que a mídia “tradicional” – como a televisão, o rádio e o jornal, por exemplo. Além disso, os jovens têm se valido destas novas tecnologias em seus processos de aprendizagem e socialização. Eles se preocupam bastante em cultivar suas relações sociais e em construir sua identidade e, assim, a possibilidade de as novas tecnologias aprimorarem a sua socialização pode ser sua a grande atratividade. Frente a isso, este trabalho se propôs a investigar que papéis a nova mídia desempenha na socialização dos adolescentes. Esta investigação é realizada considerando o amplo domínio tecnológico da nova mídia, e não apenas uma tecnologia específica, a fim de explorar as relações gerais que existem entre elas e as motivações dos adolescentes. Estes, por sua vez, são considerados por seu papel ativo na apropriação da mídia, e não como figuras passivas sujeitas à ação determinista de influências externas. Por outro lado, ela pode provocar um distanciamento em certos contextos e preocupações quanto à privacidade, além de uma possível dependência da mídia para a socialização. Estes resultados buscam contribuir com o conhecimento na área ao enfatizar o contexto social dos adolescentes e ao promover um entendimento mais holístico sobre o tema. The consumption of new media technologies – including internet and its applications, mobile phones and online games – has an important role for young people. It is possible to say that the current teen generation has not “adopted” the new media, they were always part of their lives. The main features of these technologies are their wide possibilities of communication and expression, which are more interactive and immersive than “traditional” media’s – such as television, newspapers or radio. Moreover, young people have taken advantage of these new technologies in their learning and socialization processes. Teenagers are very concerned about their social relationships and the development of their self-identity, thus the possibilities offered by new media to achieve these purposes may be their greatest attractiveness. In face of these considerations, the aim of this study is to investigate the roles of new media in the socialization of adolescents. This research is undertaken over the wide technological dominium of new media, not only over a specific isolated technology in order to explore the generic relationships between them and teenagers’ motivations. Young people are considered for their active role in media appropriation, not just as passive individuals under deterministic external influences. This study proposed an exploratory qualitative research under interpretative approach. In first place, it was conducted a review of the literature about adolescents’ consumption behavior and the uses of new media. In second place, it was undertaken a combination of focus groups and depth interviews with 45 adolescents of both genders, between 13-17 years old. As results, the research has indicated connectedness, entertainment, self-expression and image construction as the main motivations involved in new media appropriation. Peers appear to be the most important sources of consumption influences, so as the family, in certain situations. The research has also identified a number of factors guiding teenagers’ selection of specific new media technologies, such as the desired or required immediacy, the use of the medium by interest groups, the communication costs, the presence of aggregated features and the intimacy level of the relationship. Finally, this study also evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of teenagers’ communication through new media and the meanings of this communication in their socialization. More specifically, the new technologies are essential to relationships’ maintenance and intensification and useful for networking expansion and interaction with the opposite gender. In the other hand, communication through new media may induce detachment between young people and concerns about privacy in certain cases, besides the possibility of media dependency for their socialization. The results of this study aim to contribute with the knowledge in the field by the emphasis in the social context of young people and the advancement in a more holistic understanding about this subject.
- Published
- 2010
19. Mídias sociais e adolescentes: uma análise das consequências ambivalentes e das estratégias de consumo
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Barcelos, Renato Hübner, primary and Rossi, Carlos Alberto Vargas, additional
- Published
- 2014
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20. As emoções dos consumidores da terceira idade no processo de escolha de destinos de viagens
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Esteves, Priscila Silva, primary, Slongo, Luiz Antonio, additional, Esteves, Cristiane Silva, additional, and Barcelos, Renato Hübner, additional
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- 2013
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21. COMPETITIVIDADE E DIMENSÕES CULTURAIS: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DOS BLOCOS ECONÔMICOS UNIÃO EUROPEIA E UNASUL.
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Barcelos, Renato Hübner, Chevarria, Diego Gonzales, Ferreira Pantoja, Felipe Cohen, Yamim, Amanda Pruski, and Nique, Walter Meucci
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The twentieth century has witnessed the formation of various alliances and trade blocs among nations. These alliances have often been more based on geographic and economic proximity than on cultural similarity. However, culture might be an essential factor in the explanation of some discrepancies between countries of the same trade bloc, such as the competitiveness indicators. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the relationship between national culture and the competitiveness index of nations, in the context of UNASUR and the European Union. By means of correlation analysis and clustering (K-means), it was possible to identify a strong correlation between the dimensions of national culture proposed by Hofstede and the nations' competitiveness indicators. Most countries in South America have great similarities in cultural dimensions and form a single cluster, while countries in the European Union have higher distinctions and are separated into two distinct clusters. Finally, MANOVA tests applied on the clusters reveal that the differences found in relation to the dimensions of national culture are also reflected in the market efficiency indicators of the countries. Thus, the results taken together suggest the need to consider the impact exerted by the culture on the competitiveness of nations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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22. RÉSEAUX SOCIAUX: QUEL TON ADOPTER ?
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BARCELOS, RENATO HÜBNER and Gril, Emmanuelle
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- 2020
23. The Closer the Better? The Effects of Brand Closeness to Consumer Responses on Social Media.
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Barcelos, Renato Hübner, Dantas, Danilo Correa, and Sénécal, Sylvain
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SOCIAL media ,BRANDING (Marketing) ,ELECTRONIC commerce - Abstract
Research Question The increased popularity of social media such as Facebook and Twitter among consumers and companies has opened up opportunities for the development of new business models and new forms of online branding and social commerce. However, while social media has become an important tool for branding and customer marketing, there remain many questions concerning the best ways for brands to represent themselves or address their customers in this highly interactive and personal environment of conversation. Since social media allows a closer and more direct contact with customers, should a brand present itself in a more intimate way in these contexts? Alternatively, should it keep its distances and adopt a less close approach? Managers remain underequipped to make these decisions since there is still a lack of research in this domain. From a theoretical perspective, this important gap in knowledge may be due to the lack of adequate social relationship constructs in many traditional models of electronic commerce. New social relationship constructs could improve the understanding of the consumer responses to marketing stimuli in the social media environment. Moreover, few studies have explored attributes related to closeness and humanization in an experimental way on social media. This research responds to this gap in knowledge by exploring the effects of brand closeness to consumer responses on social media. We define brand closeness as the degree to which the brand interacts in a psychologically personal and intimate way to its customers. On social media, it refers specifically to the form of self-presentation of the brand and to its language. In this work, we analyze the influence of brand closeness using the level of situational involvement as a boundary condition and investigate the following questions: • Does the effect of brand closeness to consumer responses on social media (purchase intentions and eWOM) depends on the level of consumer's situational involvement? • Is this effect of brand closeness to consumer responses on social media mediated by the consumer's perceived risk about the purchase? • Is this effect influenced by the overall valence of posts on social media (a greater number of positive or negative opinions)? Method and Data We designed two experimental studies to investigate the study's hypotheses. Both experiments were applied online in order to reproduce the real-world conditions of social media as closely as possible. Participants were recruited using Amazon MTurk and directed to our Qualtrics studies. The general setting of both studies was of consumers looking on Facebook for opinions about a given restaurant for dinner. Study 1 featured a 2 × 2 between-subjects experimental design (brand closeness high vs. low × situational involvement low vs. high) in which participants were instructed to imagine themselves looking for a restaurant for dinner and directed to the brand page of our Italian restaurant on Facebook. We created two versions of the brand page (low and high brand closeness, between subjects) whose only differences were four attributes of pictures and text related to brand closeness (self-presentation, expressivity of emotions, human warmth and informality). The actual contents of posts, comments, likes and reviews, were the same in both versions of the brand page. We manipulated situational involvement by means of the instructions given to participants. In the low situational involvement scenarios, they were told to imagine themselves looking for a restaurant to have a simple, casual dinner alone. In the high situational involvement scenarios, they were told to imagine themselves in need of a restaurant for a birthday celebration with their family and friends. Participants should then look at the brand page until they had formed an opinion about the restaurant and proceed to the survey. The final sample consisted of 154 participants (50% women, average age = 34.3 years). Study 2 extended the previous test, investigating if the effects of brand closeness would be the same in situations of overall positive or negative opinions on the social media. Hence, the study featured a 2 × 2 × 2 between-subject experimental design (brand closeness low vs. high × situational involvement low vs. high × valence of posts positive vs. negative) including versions of the brand pages with a greater number of positive or negative opinions about the brand. The other general experimental procedures were the same as in the previous study. The final sample in this consisted of 339 participants (56% women, average age = 34.3 years). Summary of Findings The first study showed that, in the conditions of low situational involvement, the influence of brand closeness on consumer responses was positive and increased consumer responses towards the brand (purchase intentions and eWOM). In the conditions of high situational involvement, however, the increased sensitivity of customers to risk was enough to reverse the influence of brand closeness and make it negative, decreasing purchase intentions and eWOM. The second study confirmed the findings of the previous study and showed that, regardless of the overall valence of posts (positive or negative), brand closeness increased consumer responses in the low situational involvement condition and decreased them in the high situational involvement condition. Our control variables also suggested that heavy users of Facebook and consumers that go more often to restaurants are more likely to have dinner in the restaurant of the study and give positive e-WOM. Key Contributions The findings of this work contribute to the literature of electronic commerce in regards to the lack of constructs about the social aspects of communication between consumers and companies. The concept of brand closeness addresses specifically the effects of the strategical decision of brands to be more or less intimate when communicating with customers, which might have relevant consequences for relationships. The findings also contribute to explain why previous works about the effects of several factors associated with closeness and proximity in communication have disparate results. We showed that the actual influence of brand closeness on consumer responses can actually be either positive or negative, depending on how it interacts with the consumption situation and increases perceived risk. Further, the findings contribute to the literature of brand-consumer relationship by demonstrating that attributes of communication and self-presentation of the brand may influence consumer responses even in the first interactions on social media and not only in long-term relationships. Moreover, this work also contributes to managerial practice by suggesting guidelines for the communication of brands on social media. Our findings suggest that services usually associated with of low situational involvement, such as hotels and gym clubs, might benefit from using a higher level of brand closeness in their interactions with customers on social media, while services such as financial consulting and medical services, which are usually associated with high situational involvement should keep a more distant posture when dealing with customers, because it might increase their perceptions of risk. Further, the attributes of brand closeness used in this work are present on most social media, even though they might be more easily manipulated on some than others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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