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Background: Oral Sub Mucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic, debilitating disease characterised by juxtaepithelial fibrosis of the oral cavity. It is a precancerous conditiona generalized pathological state of the oral mucosa associated with a significantly increased risk of oral cancer. Lipids are major cell membrane components. The changes in serum lipid levels have long been associated with cancerous and precancerous conditions. So this study is aimed to evaluate the plasma lipid profile in OSMF patients. Objectives. The present study aimed to evaluate the alteration in serum lipid profile in OSMF and to compare them with healthy controls and to correlate the relationship between pathogenesis of OSMF and lipid profile. Materials and methods: It is a case control study. The study included 100 diagnosed cases of OSMF and 100 matched healthy controls. Fasting venous blood of 3 ml was collected in both cases and controls and serum was separated. Fasting serum lipid profile including Total Cholesterol (TC), Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL), Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL), High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) and Tri-Glycerides (TG) were measured using automated analyser. Statistical analysis was done using student 't' test. Pearson's correlation was performed to establish the relationship between study variables. Results: The plasma total cholesterol, TG, LDL, VLDL and HDL levels were significantly reduced in patients with OSMF as compared to the control group.(p<0.005). Conclusion: Our study indicates that there is an inverse relationship between OSMF and serum lipid profile. Decrease in the lipid levels may be considered as a valuable biochemical marker in the early diagnosis and prognosis of oral malignancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chronic liver disease (CLD) and its complications are becoming a major public health problem. The relation between trace elements and chronic liver disease has been studied in recent times. Objectives of the study: To study the levels of various trace elements like copper and zinc in cases of CLD and to compare and correlate them with healthy controls. Materials and methods: This was an observational case control study conducted in department of Medicine of KIMS Koppal for a duration of 18 months. A total of 100 subjects were prospectively included in the study (50 cases of CLD and 50 matched controls). The concentration of trace elements like serum zinc and copper were measured in all subjects and correlated. Results: There was significant reduction in the levels of zinc whereas copper levels were significantly increased in chronic liver disease. Conclusion: The functions of trace elements like coper and zinc have a dual role. In normal levels, they are important for stabilization of the cellular structures, but in deficiency states may stimulate alternate pathways and cause diseases. These trace elements have clinical significant and these can be estimated using different analytical method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common metabolic endocrine disorder characterised by hyperglycemia. It is caused by a complex interaction of genetics and environmental factors. In DM, lipid abnormalities, anaemia, alteration of liver and kidney functional indices have been implicated as major risk factors to the progression of Diabetic complications. Ferritin is an index of body iron stores & acts as an iron overload marker. The relationship between iron metabolism and type 2 DM is bidirectional. Iron is a potent pro-oxidant that increases cell oxidative stress causing decreased insulin internalization and actions resulting in hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. Serum Ferritin, an acute phase reactant is a marker of iron stores in the body. Increased serum ferritin, reflecting body iron overload, is often associated with measures of insulin resistance, such as elevated blood glucose and insulin levels. Aims and Objectives a) To measure the level of Serum Ferritin and glycosylated hemoglobin in patient with Type-2 Diabetes mellitus b) To measure the level of Serum Ferritin and glycosylated hemoglobin in controls. Materials and Methodology: This is a case control study.The study duration is 2 years. The study was carried out on 75 cases of clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus in the age group 40-60 years, attending department of medicine, KIMS, Koppal. Seventy five age and sex matched healthy subjects were taken as controls. Ethical clearance was obtained from institutional ethical clearance committee.Venous sample was collected and serum biochemical parameters( FBS, PPBS, HbA1C, Ferritin) were measured. Statistical Test: Data is expressed in terms of mean ± SD. Chi- square test was applied to estimate the difference between the two groups of population. Unpaired ‘t’-test was used to study the changes in serum ferritin levels between the study groups. p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study showed statistically significant increase(p<0.05) in serum ferritin levels in cases compared to controls. Our study showed a positive correlation between ferritin and blood sugar levels. Conclusion: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased ferritin levels .Reliable and sensitive methods need to be developed to precisely measure catalytic iron that participates in oxidative injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]