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7. Основные виды переводческих трансформаций

Author

Гумбатова Айтен Шакир, Бакинский государственный университет, Gumbatova Aiten Shakir, Baku State University, Гумбатова Айтен Шакир, Бакинский государственный университет, Gumbatova Aiten Shakir, and Baku State University

Abstract

В статье рассмотрены переводческие трансформации как средство обеспечения эквивалентности текстов. Автор отмечает, что переводчику необходимо понимать и учитывать многие аспекты: структуру и текстовый корпус, подтекст и авторский замысел, средства их экспликации, время создания произведения и т. д. Все они влияют на перевод, его адекватность и эквивалентность. Под адекватностью понимается связь между средствами и целью, и, следовательно, она ориентирована на процесс. Эквивалентность, с другой стороны, представляет собой связь между двумя продуктами, источником и целевым текстом. Наиболее часто переводчик прибегает к следующим трансформациям на синтаксическом уровне: 1) опущение; 2) добавление; 3) транспозиция; 4) изменение грамматических форм; 5) компенсация; 6) конкретизация; 7) обобщение; 8) антонимический перевод; 9) смысловое развитие; 10) метонимический перевод; 11) объединение предложений; и 12) членение предложений. Эти трансформации обусловлены различиями в грамматическом и лексическом строе в исходном (ИЯ) и переводящем (ПЯ) языках. Для обеспечения адекватности перевода необходимо использовать грамматические трансформации. Таким образом, буквальный перевод адаптируется к стандартам ПЯ и становится адекватным., In this article, translation transformations as a means of ensuring the equivalence of texts. It is necessary to understand and take into account many different aspects: structure and text case, intentions and implications of the author and ways to express them, the time of writing, etc. All these issues affect the translation, its adequacy and equivalence. Adequacy is thus a relation between means and purpose, and is thereby process-oriented. Equivalence, on the other hand, is a relation between two products, the source and the receptor texts. At the sentence level, the most common transformations every translator makes are 1) omission, 2) addition, 3) transposition, 4) change of grammatical forms, 5) loss compensation, 6) concretization, 7) generalization 8) antonymic translation, 9) meaning extension, 10) metonymic translation, 11) sentence integration, and 12) sentence fragmentation. These transformations are caused by differences in the grammar and vocabulary of the source language (SL) and target language (TL). In order to avoid an inadequate translation, it is necessary to apply translating grammatical transformations. As a result, a literal translation is adapted to the standards of the language of translation and becomes adequate.

Published
2020

9. Паремии в словаре Махмуда Кашгари «Дивану люгатит-турк»

Author

Мирзазаде Чимназ Хадыевна, Бакинский государственный университет, Mirzazade Chimnaz Khadyevna, Baku State University, Мирзазаде Чимназ Хадыевна, Бакинский государственный университет, Mirzazade Chimnaz Khadyevna, and Baku State University

Abstract

Статья посвящена одной из актуальных проблем изучения классического культурного наследия народов востока, а именно проблеме паремий. Автором за основу был взят двуязычный (турецко-арабский) толковый словарь выдающегося ученого-энциклопедиста ХI века Махмуда Кашгари «Дивану люгатит-турк», который приобретает в этом смысле особый интерес. Автор подчеркивает, что до сих пор пословицы из «Дивана» рассматривались отдельно от паремиологического текста и на его взгляд, такой подход имел существенный недостаток. Целью исследования является, во-первых, проанализировать каждый паремиологический текст и во-вторых, выявить причины повторения некоторых паремий в разных контекстах., The article is devoted to one of acute problems of studying the classical cultural heritage of the East, that is the problem of proverbs. The author took as a basis bilingual (Turkish-Arabic) dictionary «Divanu-l-lugat al-Turk» of outstanding scientist-encyclopedist of the XIth century Mahmud al-Kashgari, which gains special interest in this sense. The author outlines that, up until now, proverbs from the «Divan» have been considered separately from the paremiological text and in her opinion, this approach had a significant drawback. The purpose of the research is, firstly, to analyze each paremiological text and secondly, to identify the reasons for the recurrence of some proverbs in different contexts.

Published
2019

10. This title is unavailable for guests, please login to see more information.

Author

Maarif Ali Jafarov; Baku State University, E.F. Nasirov; Baku State University, Baku 1045, Z. Khalilov st. 23, Maarif Ali Jafarov; Baku State University, and E.F. Nasirov; Baku State University, Baku 1045, Z. Khalilov st. 23

Abstract

In this work the results on the investigation of the precularity near the solar spectrum region, of Zn1-xCdxS nanoparticles, nanofilms, nanoscale p-n and heterojunction prepared on glass-ceramic ad alumminium substrates by precipitation from aqueous solutions are presented. The temperature dependence of dark and light conductivity, spectrum and optical quenching of primary and impurity photoconductivity are investigated. The obtained results show that when controlling ionic composition and heat-treatment (HT) conditions, one can purposely control the properties of Zn1-xCdxS (0x0.6) films, achieve the appropriate degree of compensation of different recombination levels and traps attributed to intrinsic defects or impurities, which result in high level of photoelectrical parameters near the IR region. Just after deposition the photoconductivity spectrum maximum of Cd1-xZnxS (0x0.6) films is observed at 1=0.4450.495m versus the film composition. Subsequent to HT, the photoconductivity spectrum considerably widens and appears the impurity maximums at 2=0.580.69m and 3=0.951.05m.

Published
2012

12. О некоторых аспектах влияния теневой экономики на финансово-экономическую безопасность Азербайджана

Author

Казымов Мирали Сахиб, Бакинский государственный университет, Kazymov Mirali Sakhib, Baku State University, Казымов Мирали Сахиб, Бакинский государственный университет, Kazymov Mirali Sakhib, and Baku State University

Abstract

в данной статье автор поднимает актуальную проблему присутствия «теневого сектора» в экономике Азербайджана. Рассматривается необходимость выявления и оценка масштабов «теневой» (нелегальной) экономики в рамках экономики в целом.

Published
2015

15. Inorganic-organic hybrid double sulfates as catalysts of the diastereoselective nitroaldol reaction

Author

Omar Kammoun, Walid Rekik, Maximilian N. Kopylovich, Kamran T. Mahmudov, Thierry Bataille, Houcine Naïli, Laboratoire physico-chimie de l'Etat Solide (L.E.S.), Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax - University of Sfax-Université de Sfax - University of Sfax, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Centro de Quimica Estrutural (CQE), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), Baku State University, Department of Chemistry, Baku State University, This work has been partially supported by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) (projects PTDC/QUI-QUI/102150/2008 and PEst-OE/QUI/UI0100/2011) and by Tuniso-Portuguese Scientific and Technical Cooperation 2009 Program., Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Diastereoselectivity, Nitroaldol reaction, Crystal structure, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Medicinal chemistry, Catalysis, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Materials Chemistry, Double salts, Inorganic organic, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Sulfate, Tetrahydrate, 010405 organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Diastereomer, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Crystal structures, Hybrid materials, Henry reaction, Hybrid material, [CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other
Abstract

Bis(1-phenylethanaminium) disulfatotetraaquazincate(II) dihydrate (C 8 H 12 N) 2 [Zn(H 2 O) 4 (SO 4 ) 2 ]·2H 2 O ( 1 ), bis(1H-benzo[d]imidazolium) hexaaquazinc(II) bis(sulfate) tetrahydrate (C 7 H 7 N 2 ) 2 [Zn(H 2 O) 6 ](SO 4 ) 2 ·4H 2 O ( 2 ) and bis(2-methyl-1H-imidazolium) hexaaquazinc(II) bis(sulfate) dihydrate (C 4 H 7 N 2 ) 2 [Zn(H 2 O) 6 ](SO 4 ) 2 ·2H 2 O ( 3 ) have been synthesized and fully structurally characterized including single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. 1 – 3 are organically templated hybrid layered materials comprising aquazinc(II) and aminium cations and sulfate anions. 1 – 3 are effective catalysts in the asymmetric Henry reaction; 1 being the most efficient one (yields up to 85% and threo/erythro diastereoselectivity up to 89:11).

Published
2013
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16. Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

Author

Bourne R. R. A., Steinmetz J. D., Saylan M., Mersha A. M., Weldemariam A. H., Wondmeneh T. G., Sreeramareddy C. T., Pinheiro M., Yaseri M., Yu C., Zastrozhin M. S., Zastrozhina A., Zhang Z. -J., Zimsen S. R. M., Yonemoto N., Tsegaye G. W., Vu G. T., Vongpradith A., Renzaho A. M. N., Sorrie M. B., Shaheen A. A., Shiferaw W. S., Skryabin V. Y., Skryabina A. A., Saya G. K., Rahimi-Movaghar V., Shigematsu M., Sahraian M. A., Naderifar H., Sabour S., Rathi P., Sathian B., Miller T. R., Rezapour A., Rawal L., Pham H. Q., Parekh U., Podder V., Onwujekwe O. E., Pasovic M., Otstavnov N., Negash H., Pawar S., Naimzada M. D., Al Montasir A., Ogbo F. A., Owolabi M. O., Pakshir K., Mohammad Y., Moni M. A., Nunez-Samudio V., Mulaw G. F., Naveed M., Maleki S., Michalek I. M., Misra S., Swamy S. N., Mohammed J. A., Flaxman S., Park E. -C., Briant P. S., Meles G. G., Hayat K., Landires I., Kim G. R., Liu X., LeGrand K. E., Taylor H. R., Kunjathur S. M., Khoja T. A. M., Bicer B. K., Khalilov R., Hashi A., Kayode G. A., Carneiro V. L. A., Kavetskyy T., Kosen S., Kulkarni V., Holla R., Kalhor R., Jayaram S., Islam S. M. S., Gilani S. A., Eskandarieh S., Molla M. D., Itumalla R., Farzadfar F., Congdon N. G., Elhabashy H. R., Elayedath R., Couto R. A. S., Dervenis N., Cromwell E. A., Dahlawi S. M. A., Resnikoff S., Casson R. J., Abdoli A., Choi J. -Y. J., Dos Santos F. L. C., Abrha W. A., Nagaraja S. B., Abualhasan A., Adal T. G., Aregawi B. B., Beheshti M., Abu-Gharbieh E., Afshin A., Ahmadieh H., Alemzadeh S. A., Arrigo A., Atnafu D. D., Ashbaugh C., Ashrafi E., Alemayehu W., Alfaar A. S., Alipour V., Anbesu E. W., Androudi S., Arabloo J., Arditi A., Bagli E., Baig A. A., Barnighausen T. W., Battaglia Parodi M., Bhagavathula A. S., Bhardwaj N., Bhardwaj P., Bhattacharyya K., Bijani A., Bikbov M., Bottone M., Braithwaite T., Bron A. M., Butt Z. A., Cheng C. -Y., Chu D. -T., Cicinelli M. V., Coelho J. M., Dai X., Dana R., Dandona L., Dandona R., Del Monte M. A., Deva J. P., Diaz D., Djalalinia S., Dreer L. E., Ehrlich J. R., Ellwein L. B., Emamian M. H., Fernandes A. G., Fischer F., Friedman D. S., Furtado J. M., Gaidhane S., Gazzard G., Gebremichael B., George R., Ghashghaee A., Golechha M., Hamidi S., Hammond B. R., Hartnett M. E. R., Hartono R. K., Hay S. I., Heidari G., Ho H. C., Househ M., Ibitoye S. E., Ilic I. M., Huang J. J., Ilic M. D., Ingram A. D., Irvani S. S. N., Jha R. P., Kahloun R., Kandel H., Kasa A. S., Kempen J. H., Khairallah M., Khan E. A., Khanna R. C., Khatib M. N., Kim J. E., Kim Y. J., Kisa A., Kisa S., Koyanagi A., Kurmi O. P., Lansingh V. C., Leasher J. L., Leveziel N., Limburg H., Manafi N., Mansouri K., McAlinden C., Mohammadi S. F., Mokdad A. H., Morse A. R., Naderi M., Naidoo K. S., Nangia V., Nguyen H. L. T., Ogundimu K., Olagunju A. T., Panda-Jonas S., Pesudovs K., Peto T., Ur Rahman M. H., Ramulu P. Y., Rawaf D. L., Rawaf S., Reinig N., Robin A. L., Rossetti L., Safi S., Sahebkar A., Samy A. M., Serle J. B., Shaikh M. A., Shen T. T., Shibuya K., Shin J. I., Silva J. C., Silvester A., Singh J. A., Singhal D., Sitorus R. S., Skiadaresi E., Soheili A., Sousa R. A. R. C., Stambolian D., Tadesse E. G., Tahhan N., Tareque Md. I., Topouzis F., Tran B. X., Tsilimbaris M. K., Varma R., Virgili G., Wang N., Wang Y. X., West S. K., Wong T. Y., Jonas J. B., Vos T., Bourne, R. R. A., Steinmetz, J. D., Saylan, M., Mersha, A. M., Weldemariam, A. H., Wondmeneh, T. G., Sreeramareddy, C. T., Pinheiro, M., Yaseri, M., Yu, C., Zastrozhin, M. S., Zastrozhina, A., Zhang, Z. -J., Zimsen, S. R. M., Yonemoto, N., Tsegaye, G. W., Vu, G. T., Vongpradith, A., Renzaho, A. M. N., Sorrie, M. B., Shaheen, A. A., Shiferaw, W. S., Skryabin, V. Y., Skryabina, A. A., Saya, G. K., Rahimi-Movaghar, V., Shigematsu, M., Sahraian, M. A., Naderifar, H., Sabour, S., Rathi, P., Sathian, B., Miller, T. R., Rezapour, A., Rawal, L., Pham, H. Q., Parekh, U., Podder, V., Onwujekwe, O. E., Pasovic, M., Otstavnov, N., Negash, H., Pawar, S., Naimzada, M. D., Al Montasir, A., Ogbo, F. A., Owolabi, M. O., Pakshir, K., Mohammad, Y., Moni, M. A., Nunez-Samudio, V., Mulaw, G. F., Naveed, M., Maleki, S., Michalek, I. M., Misra, S., Swamy, S. N., Mohammed, J. A., Flaxman, S., Park, E. -C., Briant, P. S., Meles, G. G., Hayat, K., Landires, I., Kim, G. R., Liu, X., Legrand, K. E., Taylor, H. R., Kunjathur, S. M., Khoja, T. A. M., Bicer, B. K., Khalilov, R., Hashi, A., Kayode, G. A., Carneiro, V. L. A., Kavetskyy, T., Kosen, S., Kulkarni, V., Holla, R., Kalhor, R., Jayaram, S., Islam, S. M. S., Gilani, S. A., Eskandarieh, S., Molla, M. D., Itumalla, R., Farzadfar, F., Congdon, N. G., Elhabashy, H. R., Elayedath, R., Couto, R. A. S., Dervenis, N., Cromwell, E. A., Dahlawi, S. M. A., Resnikoff, S., Casson, R. J., Abdoli, A., Choi, J. -Y. J., Dos Santos, F. L. C., Abrha, W. A., Nagaraja, S. B., Abualhasan, A., Adal, T. G., Aregawi, B. B., Beheshti, M., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Afshin, A., Ahmadieh, H., Alemzadeh, S. A., Arrigo, A., Atnafu, D. D., Ashbaugh, C., Ashrafi, E., Alemayehu, W., Alfaar, A. S., Alipour, V., Anbesu, E. W., Androudi, S., Arabloo, J., Arditi, A., Bagli, E., Baig, A. A., Barnighausen, T. W., Battaglia Parodi, M., Bhagavathula, A. S., Bhardwaj, N., Bhardwaj, P., Bhattacharyya, K., Bijani, A., Bikbov, M., Bottone, M., Braithwaite, T., Bron, A. M., Butt, Z. A., Cheng, C. -Y., Chu, D. -T., Cicinelli, M. V., Coelho, J. M., Dai, X., Dana, R., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., Del Monte, M. A., Deva, J. P., Diaz, D., Djalalinia, S., Dreer, L. E., Ehrlich, J. R., Ellwein, L. B., Emamian, M. H., Fernandes, A. G., Fischer, F., Friedman, D. S., Furtado, J. M., Gaidhane, S., Gazzard, G., Gebremichael, B., George, R., Ghashghaee, A., Golechha, M., Hamidi, S., Hammond, B. R., Hartnett, M. E. R., Hartono, R. K., Hay, S. I., Heidari, G., Ho, H. C., Househ, M., Ibitoye, S. E., Ilic, I. M., Huang, J. J., Ilic, M. D., Ingram, A. D., Irvani, S. S. N., Jha, R. P., Kahloun, R., Kandel, H., Kasa, A. S., Kempen, J. H., Khairallah, M., Khan, E. A., Khanna, R. C., Khatib, M. N., Kim, J. E., Kim, Y. J., Kisa, A., Kisa, S., Koyanagi, A., Kurmi, O. P., Lansingh, V. C., Leasher, J. L., Leveziel, N., Limburg, H., Manafi, N., Mansouri, K., Mcalinden, C., Mohammadi, S. F., Mokdad, A. H., Morse, A. R., Naderi, M., Naidoo, K. S., Nangia, V., Nguyen, H. L. T., Ogundimu, K., Olagunju, A. T., Panda-Jonas, S., Pesudovs, K., Peto, T., Ur Rahman, M. H., Ramulu, P. Y., Rawaf, D. L., Rawaf, S., Reinig, N., Robin, A. L., Rossetti, L., Safi, S., Sahebkar, A., Samy, A. M., Serle, J. B., Shaikh, M. A., Shen, T. T., Shibuya, K., Shin, J. I., Silva, J. C., Silvester, A., Singh, J. A., Singhal, D., Sitorus, R. S., Skiadaresi, E., Soheili, A., Sousa, R. A. R. C., Stambolian, D., Tadesse, E. G., Tahhan, N., Tareque, Md. I., Topouzis, F., Tran, B. X., Tsilimbaris, M. K., Varma, R., Virgili, G., Wang, N., Wang, Y. X., West, S. K., Wong, T. Y., Jonas, J. B., Vos, T., University of Washington [Seattle], Anglia Ruskin University (ARU), Imperial College London, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg University, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Aksum University, Cairo University, University of Sharjah, Wolkite University, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences [Tehran] (SBUMS), Shahid Beheshti University, The Fred Hollows Foundation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, University of Leipzig Medical Center, University of Thessaly [Volos] (UTH), Visibility Metrics LLC, Adigrat University, San Raffaele Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Bahir Dar University (BDU), University Hospital of Ioannina, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, Universita Vita Salute San Raffaele = Vita-Salute San Raffaele University [Milan, Italie] (UniSR), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Government Medical College Pali, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Ufa Eye Research Institute, ondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Service d'Ophtalmologie (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Employee State Insurance Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne, University of Minho, University of Adelaide, Singapore Eye Research Institute [Singapore] (SERI), Seoul National University Hospital, Hanoi National University of Education (HNUE), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute [Milan, Italie], University of Porto, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), University of Dammam - Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Harvard University, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, University of Gondar, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Ministry of Health and Medical Education [Iran] (MOHME), Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Cairo University - Faculty of Medicine, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo (Unifesp), University of Applied Sciences Ravensburg-Weingarten, University of São Paulo (USP), Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, University College of London [London] (UCL), Haramaya University, Sankara Nethralaya Medical Research Foundation, The University of Lahore, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, University of Georgia, University of Utah, Institution of Public Health Sciences, Jigjiga Universit, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Independent Consultant, The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], Manipal academy of Higher Education, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Yale University [New Haven], University of Ibadan, University of Belgrade [Belgrade], Faculty of Science of the University of Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia, Deakin University [Burwood], University of Hail, Mysore Medical College, Banaras Hindu University [Varanasi] (BHU), Ophtalmologistes Associe Monastir, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin (KUL), Institute of Human Virology [Nigeria] (IHVN), Myungsung Medical College, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Fattouma Bourguiba, Partenaires INRAE, Baku State University, Health Services Academy, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Health Ministers Council Gulf Cooperative Council Stat, Medical College of Wisconsin [Milwaukee] (MCW), Xiamen University Malaysia, Yonsei University, Oslo Metropolitan University (OsloMet), School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Brien Holden Vision Institute, Fondation Théa, The Fred Hollows Foundation, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Lions Clubs International Foundation, Sightsavers International, and University of Heidelberg., and GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators* on behalf of the Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study.

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Refractive error, Visual acuity, genetic structures, Eye disease, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, Glaucoma, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Global health, 030212 general & internal medicine, [SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, education, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Articles, General Medicine, Diabetic retinopathy, Macular degeneration, medicine.disease, eye diseases, 3. Good health, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Background: Many causes of vision impairment can be prevented or treated. With an ageing global population, the demands for eye health services are increasing. We estimated the prevalence and relative contribution of avoidable causes of blindness and vision impairment globally from 1990 to 2020. We aimed to compare the results with the World Health Assembly Global Action Plan (WHA GAP) target of a 25% global reduction from 2010 to 2019 in avoidable vision impairment, defined as cataract and undercorrected refractive error. Methods: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based surveys of eye disease from January, 1980, to October, 2018. We fitted hierarchical models to estimate prevalence (with 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs]) of moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI; presenting visual acuity from

Published
2021
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17. Synthesis, crystal structure and antibacterial studies of dihydropyrimidines and their regioselectively oxidized products

Author

Alakbar E. Huseynzada, Christian Jelch, Haji Vahid N. Akhundzada, Sarra Soudani, Cherif Ben Nasr, Aygun Israyilova, Filippo Doria, Ulviyya A. Hasanova, Rana F. Khankishiyeva, Mauro Freccero, Baku State University, Cristallographie, Résonance Magnétique et Modélisations (CRM2), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Radiation Problems, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, and Università di Pavia

Subjects
010405 organic chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, [CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0104 chemical sciences
Abstract

The syntheses and investigations of new biologically active derivatives of dihydropyrimidines by Biginelli reaction in the presence of copper triflate are reported. Due to the fact that salicylaldehyde and its derivatives under Biginelli reaction conditions can lead to the formation of 2 types of dihydropyrimidines, the influence of copper triflate on product formation was also investigated. In addition to this, regioselective oxidation of dihydropyrimidines was performed in the presence of cerium ammonium nitrate and novel oxidized dihydropyrimidines were obtained. Single crystals of some of them were obtained and as a result, the structures of them were investigated by X-ray diffraction method, which allows determining the presence of hydrogen bonds in their structures. In addition to this, the presence of hydrogen bonds in their structures affects the formation of the corresponding tautomer during oxidizing of dihydropyrimidines. Since dihydropyrimidines are claimed to be biologically active compounds, activities of the synthesized compounds were studied against

Published
2021
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20. Main Models of Realisation of the Right of Association in the Azerbaijan Republic

Author

Dashqin Ganberov and Baku State University, Azerbaijan

Subjects
political parties, trade unions, Socrates 2022, 1 (22), Republic of Azerbaijan, human rights, freedom of association, non-governmental organisations
Abstract

Establishment and development of civil society is possible under conditions ensured by a legal state. It indicates that legal state and civil society can also be viewed as the embodiment of human rights and freedoms and specifically the right to associate. This is explained by movement of various factors. Features of the historical and cultural development, democratic, political and legal traditions, specificity of the political and legal system, differences in the perception of law as the universal social regulator of public relations. Establishment and ultimately completion of establishment of the legal state is associated with maximum guarantee for human rights and freedoms, responsibility of the government before the citizens and the state, raising the credibility of law and strict observance to it by all state bodies, public organisations, communities and citizens as well as the effective functioning of the law-enforcement bodies. While analysing the current state and perspectives of the right to association in the Republic of Azerbaijan, it is necessary to evaluate the state of the civil society again.

Published
2022

21. Intercalation of p-Aminopyridine and p-Ethylenediamine Molecules into Orthorhombic In1.2Ga0.8S3 Single Crystals

Author

Aysel B. Rahimli, Imamaddin R. Amiraslanov, Zakir A. Jahangirli, Naila H. Aliyeva, Pascal Boulet, Marie-Christine Record, Ziya S. Aliev, Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education of Azerbaijan, AZ1143 Baku, Azerbaijan, Chemical Technologies Department, Faculty of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Azerbaijan Technical University, AZ1073 Baku, Azerbaijan, Matériaux divisés, interfaces, réactivité, électrochimie (MADIREL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Matériaux, de Microélectronique et des Nanosciences de Provence (IM2NP), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Nanoresearch Laboratory, Baku State University, AZ1148 Baku, Azerbaijan

Subjects
Raman scattering, gallium indium sulfide, single crystal, intercalation compounds, X-ray powder diffraction, Rietveld refinement, DFT, charge density topology, band structure, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science
Abstract

A single crystalline layered semiconductor In1.2Ga0.8S3 phase was grown, and by intercalating p-aminopyridine (NH2-C5H4N or p-AP) molecules into this crystal, a new intercalation compound, In1.2Ga0.8S3·0.5(NH2-C5H4N), was synthesized. Further, by substituting p-AP molecules with p-ethylenediamine (NH2-CH2-CH2-NH2 or p-EDA) in this intercalation compound, another new intercalated compound—In1.2Ga0.8S3·0.5(NH2-CH2-CH2-NH2) was synthesized. It was found that the single crystallinity of the initial In1.2Ga0.8S3 samples was retained after their intercalation despite a strong deterioration in quality. The thermal peculiarities of both the intercalation and deintercalation of the title crystal were determined. Furthermore, the unit cell parameters of the intercalation compounds were determined from X-ray diffraction data (XRD). It was found that increasing the c parameter corresponded to the dimension of the intercalated molecule. In addition to the intercalation phases’ experimental characterization, the lattice dynamical properties and the electronic and bonding features of the stoichiometric GaInS3 were calculated using the Density Functional Theory within the Generalized Gradient Approximations (DFT-GGA). Nine Raman-active modes were observed and identified for this compound. The electronic gap was found to be an indirect one and the topological analysis of the electron density revealed that the interlayer bonding is rather weak, thus enabling the intercalation of organic molecules.

Published
2023
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22. Inst��tute of obl��gatory consol��dat��on of corporate control: corporate r��ghts restr��ct��on

Author

Anatoliy Kostruba, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, and Baku State University

Subjects
Kostruba, legal entities, [QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin], corporative control, corporate governance, company law, Civil Law, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Corporative governance, [SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, corporative law, Legal entities of commercial law, freeze-out, corporation, Partnership, sell-out, squeeze-out
Abstract

Today in many countries around the world the procedure of the compulsory purchase of the shares of minority shareholders (squeeze-out) by majority shareholders is an effective means of protection of rights of large investors and a widely used tactical technique that effectively regulates the process of corporate governance in business organizations, a toolkit to prevent corporate conflicts between members and business paralysis. While emphasizing the relevance of the attempt to limit the ownership rights of minority shareholders in the interest of the majority, the court concluded that the application of a squeeze-out can be justified, and the initiation of this procedure does not indicate abuse of the economic position by the majority shareholder. The interest of the majority shareholder in the free exercise of entrepreneurial activity may be placed above the interests of the minority shareholders, provided that the latter are protected against abuse of the economic forces by the majority shareholder, as well as provided that compensation is paid for the lost shares. Supporters of the opposite point of view argue that the monopolization of large blocks of shares is a threat to the functioning of the Ukrainian economy, its investment climate and the activity of the stock market. Georgia's administration of law is illustrative. The Constitutional Court of Georgia in its decision d/d May 18, 2007 on the constitutionality of article 53-3 of the Business Act found that the squeeze-out of minority shares is not a public need and a legitimate goal, as it provides for certain restrictions (minority ownership rights). The institute of forced termination of ownership is not a new phenomenon for civil law. It is based on the idea of restricting the right to hold, use, and dispose of the property of an individual owner in the interest of the vast majority. Rights equally guarantee the protection of the interests of society as a whole, as well as the interests of individual groups that may be affected in the process of exercising the powers of an authorized person. This objectively requires the correlation of the individual with the collective, and the private with the public. Constitutional and legal guarantees of an individual's private property right cannot override the corresponding guarantees granted to a group of persons acting in the general interest. The conflict between them shall be resolved by establishing the priority of the majority over the interests of the minority. The corresponding termination may not substantially prejudice interests of the minority shareholder because of the organizational and economic disproportionality of the ���energy consumption��� associated with holding insignificant block of shares, participation in the affairs of the corporation and the amount of the corporate rights issuer's profits in favor of the minority shareholder. The aforesaid demonstrates existing reasonable legal and economic prerequisites for interference with the peaceful ownership of property, which is not only consistent with the economic interests of the group of individuals, but also is proportional to its objectives and fair in view of the obligatory compensatory nature of the existing deprivation in favor of the holder of an insignificant block of shares of a joint stock company., Book of Abstracts. international conference: XXI century, new challenges and modern development tendencies of law, December 21-22, 2021. Baku State University. Baku, Azerbaijan 2021. �� 296 p.

Published
2021
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26. Synthesis, crystal structure and antibacterial studies of 2,4,6-trimetoxybenzaldehyde based dihydropyrimidine derivatives

Author

Zarema Gakhramanova, U. A. Hasanova, B. Najafov, H.N. Akhundzada, A.E. Huseynzada, Khudaverdi Ganbarov, Mauro Freccero, C. Ben Nasr, Christian Jelsch, Sarra Soudani, Filippo Doria, Baku State University, Cristallographie, Résonance Magnétique et Modélisations (CRM2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Università di Pavia, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, and Ostim Technical University

Subjects
pyrimidine, crystal structure, Pyrimidine, Ammonium nitrate, Biginelli reaction, chemistry.chemical_element, Crystal structure, cerium ammonium nitrate, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, Mass spectrometry, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Crystal, chemistry.chemical_compound, antibacterial activity, [CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, Hirshfeld surface analysis, Spectroscopy, 010405 organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Combinatorial chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, Cerium, chemistry, Antibacterial activity
Abstract

International audience; We report herein the synthesis of new derivatives of dihydropyrimidine on the basis of 2,4,6-trimetoxybenzaldehyde, which was further regioselectively oxidized in the presence of cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN) with the formation of 5-acetyl-6-methyl-4-(2,4,6trimethoxyphenyl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one. The structures of both novel compounds were investigated by NMR, mass spectroscopy methods. The structure of the dihydropyrimidine compound 4 was also investigated by X-ray single crystal diffraction method. In order to understand the molecular interactions in its crystal packing, the Hirshfeld surface and contacts enrichment analyses were performed. Biological activities of the synthesized compounds were studied against gram-negative A. baumanii, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae and grampositive S. aureus bacteria.

Published
2021
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27. Reinterpretation of LHC Results for New Physics: Status and recommendations after Run 2

Author

Abdallah, Waleed, Salam, Shehu Abdus, Bagnaschi, Emanuele Angelo, Price, Darren, Prosper, Harrison, Raklev, Are, Reuter, Jürgen, Reyes-González, Humberto, Rizzo, Thomas, Robens, Tania, Rojo, Juan, Rosiek, Janusz, Ruchayskiy, Oleg, Bai, Yang, Sanz, Veronica, Schmidt-Hoberg, Kai, Scott, Pat, Sekmen, Sezen, Sengupta, Dipan, Sexton-Kennedy, Elizabeth, Shao, Hua-Sheng, Shin, Seodong, Silvestrini, Luca, Singh, Ritesh, Baker, Michael J., Sinha, Sukanya, Sonneveld, Jory, Soreq, Yotam, Stark, Giordon H., Stefaniak, Tim, Thaler, Jesse, Torre, Riccardo, Torrente-Lujan, Emilio, Unel, Gokhan, Vignaroli, Natascia, Balazs, Csaba, Waltenberger, Wolfgang, Wardle, Nicholas, Watt, Graeme, Weiglein, Georg, White, Martin, Williamson, Sophie L., Wittbrodt, Jonas, Wu, Lei, Wunsch, Stefan, You, Tevong, Barducci, Daniele, Zhang, Yang, Zurita, José, LHC Reinterpretation Forum Collaboration, Bechtle, Philip, Bharucha, Aoife, Buckley, Andy, Butterworth, Jonathan, Cai, Haiying, Ahmadov, Azar, Campagnari, Claudio, Cesarotti, Cari, Chrzaszcz, Marcin, Coccaro, Andrea, Conte, Eric, Cornell, Jonathan M., Corpe, Louie, Danninger, Matthias, Darmé, Luc, Deandrea, Aldo, Ahriche, Amine, Desai, Nishita, Dillon, Barry M., Doglioni, Caterina, Dutta, Juhi, Ellis, John, Ellis, Sebastian, Fassi, Farida, Feickert, Matthew, Fernandez, Nicolas, Fichet, Sylvain, Alguero, Gaël, Flacke, Thomas, Fuks, Benjamin, Geiser, Achim, Genest, Marie-Hélène, Ghalsasi, Akshay, Gonzalo, Tomas, Goodsell, Mark, Gori, Stefania, Gras, Philippe, Greljo, Admir, Allanach, Ben, Guadagnoli, Diego, Heinemeyer, Sven, Heinrich, Lukas A., Heisig, Jan, Hong, Deog Ki, Hryn'ova, Tetiana, Huitu, Katri, Ilten, Philip, Ismail, Ahmed, Jueid, Adil, Araz, Jack Y., Kahlhoefer, Felix, Kalinowski, Jan, F. Kamenik, Jernej, Kar, Deepak, Kats, Yevgeny, Khosa, Charanjit K., Khoze, Valeri, Klingl, Tobias, Ko, Pyungwon, Kong, Kyoungchul, Arbey, Alexandre, Kotlarski, Wojciech, Krämer, Michael, Kraml, Sabine, kulkarni, suchita, Kvellestad, Anders, Lange, Clemens, Lassila-Perini, Kati, Lee, Seung-Joo, Lessa, Andre, Liu, Zhen, Arina, Chiara, Lloret Iglesias, Lara, Lorenz, Jeanette M., MacDonell, Danika, Mahmoudi, Farvah Nazila, Mamuzic, Judita, Marini, Andrea C., Markowich, Peter, Martinez Ruiz del Arbol, Pablo, Miller, David, Mitsou, Vasiliki, Athron, Peter, Moretti, Stefano, Nardecchia, Marco, Neshatpour, Siavash, Nhung, Dao Thi, Osland, Per, Owen, Patrick H., Panella, Orlando, Pankov, Alexander, Park, Myeonghun, Porod, Werner, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique Théorique - UMR 7332 (CPT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies (LPTHE), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique Théorique (LAPTH), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LHC Reinterpretation Forum, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), National Research Foundation of Korea, European Commission, Austrian Science Fund, Royal Society (UK), Harish-Chandra Research Institute (HBNI), Cairo University, Shahid Beheshti University, Baku State University, Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, ENS, IN2P3, University of Cambridge, Concordia University, IP2I, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Monash University, PSI, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Melbourne, Sapienza - Università di Roma, Sezione di Roma, Physikalisches Institut, Université de Toulon, University of Glasgow, University College London, Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Center for the Fundamental Laws of Nature, Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Sezione di Genova, UMR 7178, Université de Haute-Alsace, University of Cincinnati, Simon Fraser University, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Jožef Stefan Institute, Lund University, Universität Hamburg, King's College London, Stanford University, Mohammed V University of Rabat, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), IBS, CNRS, Institut Universitaire de France, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, UC Santa Cruz, Université Paris-Saclay, UGA, Instituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-UC), Cantoblanco, Instituto de Física Teórica UAM-CSIC, Pusan National University, LAPP, University of Helsinki, University of Birmingham, Oklahoma State University, Konkuk University, RWTH Aachen University, University of Warsaw, University of Ljubljana, University of Witwatersrand, Ben-Gurion University, University of Sussex, Durham University, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, University of Kansas, TU Dresden, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, University of Oslo, Imperial College London, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Korea University, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Univ. of Maryland, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, University of Victoria, Universitat de València, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Florida International University, University of Chicago, University of Southampton, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, ICISE, University of Bergen, Universität Zürich, Sezione di Perugia, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Institute of Convergence Fundamental Studies and School of Liberal Arts, Universität Würzburg, University of Manchester, Florida State University, Ruder Boskovic Institute, VU Amsterdam, Copenhagen University, University of Queensland, Kyungpook National University, University of California San Diego, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Jeonbuk National University, IISER Kolkata, Israel Institute of Technology, Universidad de Murcia, University of California at Irvine, INFN Pisa, University of Adelaide, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Department of Physics, (Astro)-Particles Physics, and UCL - SST/IRMP - Institut de recherche en mathématique et physique

Subjects
Physics of Elementary Particles and Fields, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Presentation, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Software, BSM, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], media_common, Reinterpretation, Physics, Large Hadron Collider, new physics, ROOT-S=13 TEV, hep-ph, Computer Science::Computers and Society, lcsh:QC1-999, 3. Good health, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Open data, CERN LHC Coll, LHC, Particle Physics - Experiment, Physics::General Physics, Particle physics, recasting of experimental analyses, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), 114 Physical sciences, programming, Set (abstract data type), SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals, statistical analysis, SEARCH, 0103 physical sciences, particle physics, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, numerical calculations, Implementation, Particle Physics - Phenomenology, hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, background, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Data science, Physics::History of Physics, MODEL, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], business, lcsh:Physics, new particle
Abstract

The LHC BSM Reinterpretation Forum: et al., We report on the status of efforts to improve the reinterpretation of searches and measurements at the LHC in terms of models for new physics, in the context of the LHC Reinterpretation Forum. We detail current experimental offerings in direct searches for new particles, measurements, technical implementations and Open Data, and provide a set of recommendations for further improving the presentation of LHC results in order to better enable reinterpretation in the future. We also provide a brief description of existing software reinterpretation frameworks and recent global analyses of new physics that make use of the current data., The editors of this report were supported in part by the European Union as part of the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network MCnetITN3 (grant agreement no. 722104), by the IN2P3/CNRS under the project “LHC-iTools”, by STFC grants ST/P000681/1, ST/K00414X/1, ST/N000838/1, ST/P000762/1, ST/N003985/1, ST/M005437/1, and by FAPESP under the project grant 2015/20570-1. We acknowledge moreover partial support by The Royal Society, University Research Fellowship grant UF160548 (AB); the F.R.S.-FNRS (JH); the DFG Emmy Noether Grant No. KA 4662/1-1 (FK). the Austrian Science Fund, EliseRichter grant V592-N27 (SuK); and the National Research Foundation of Korea, NRF, contract NRF-2008-00460 (SS).

Published
2020
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32. Synthesis, crystal structure and antibacterial properties of 6-methyl-2-oxo-4-(quinolin-2-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate

Author

C. Ben Nasr, Christian Jelsch, H.N. Akhundzada, A.E. Huseynzada, U. A. Hasanova, Sarra Soudani, Mauro Freccero, Filippo Doria, Baku State University, Cristallographie, Résonance Magnétique et Modélisations (CRM2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, and Università degli Studi di Pavia

Subjects
crystal structure, Biginelli reaction, Stacking, Crystal structure, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Medicinal chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Crystal, chemistry.chemical_compound, antibacterial activity, dihydropyrimidine, bifurcated hydrogen bond, [CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, Hirshfeld surface analysis, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Carboxylate, Spectroscopy, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, 010405 organic chemistry, Hydrogen bond, Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, Antibacterial activity, Derivative (chemistry)
Abstract

International audience; The synthesis and investigation of a new biologically active derivative of dihydropyrimidine are reported. The structure of the synthesized compound was investigated by X-ray single crystal diffraction method. In order to understand the molecular interactions, the Hirshfeld surface and contacts enrichment analyses were performed. The crystal packing is mainly stabilized by strong N-H…O hydrogen bonds and aromatic cycle stacking. Among the different types of oxygen atoms, the most electronegative had the highest propensity to form H-bonds. Biological activity of the synthesized compound was studied against E.coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus bacteria.

Published
2020
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33. AZERBAIJANI LITERARY LANGUAGE OF THE 17th CENTURY: THE SOCIO-POLITICAL CONTENT AND LANGUAGE OF THE ERA

Author

Abdullaeva Gizilgul Agali gizi and Baku State University

Subjects
History, Turkish, Language change, media_common.quotation_subject, Ignorance, Literary language, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, classical poetry, classical poetry genres, literary language norms, Democratization, periods of literary language, socio-political and historical content, linguistic landscape, Linguistic landscape, media_common, Language policy, Persian, language, National language, differentiation, democratization, language.human_language, Linguistics, stabilization, Azerbaijani literary language, Period (music)
Abstract

International audience; The article reveals the socio-political content of the XVII century. Both dependence on foreigners and the influence of internal tensions between tribes on the political life of the Safavid state are investigated. In such historical circumstances, the cultural environment is also based on sources that have not yet been identified. Under such circumstances, a description of the language is given. In particular, during the period of the Shah Abbas (during the rule of other shahs), attitudes toward the Turkish language are expressed in contradictory ideas. It has been established that the stage of the XVII century literary language is not a way out, but history as a turning point. This is proved, on the one hand, by scientific data, as well as facts about language. As a result of the research, it turns out that the language policy that underlies the existence of the state and the nation is carried out in the direction of Turkic rule in the 17th century. The article contains the rich language of the real world, including the introduction of the Turkish language in the history of the 17th century Azerbaijani literary language, the decline of the Persian language (including the accompanying Arabic language), the destruction of cults, as well as the intensification of new processes, such as differentiation, stabilization and democratization examples. In the 17th century, as in all periods of the history of the Azerbaijani literary language or at all stages of historical development, the process of defining a literary language and defining different styles (charming, scientific, official epistolary) took place. Style plays a significant role in relationships. In volume, the rate is determined in style and appears. As a result, it is noted that the 17th century very dynamically develops phonetic, lexical and grammatical norms in the direction of nationalization. The development of literary language, of course, all levels of language are available. But what if you want to translate it into one language? The real fact, which is obvious, or hidden, or not, is voluminous in the volume, which is a lexical system, which leads to great changes. This does not mean that in other languages, such as the phonological system, the language is checked and the file is checked. All, that is, it is not so, but here is a breakthrough for change. This is not an idea or an idea of ignorance and ignorance, but there is no certainty that changes in language change. The truth is that everything that creates a change in the original of another phenomenon, which confirms the existence of legality. The definition of phonetic norms for a certain period of time (continent, period or phase) is contained in a volume that is one of the other publicly available versions of the phone in the language, and, in each other's eyes, by removing from one-dimensional parallels, stabilization in language and content.

Published
2019
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34. Fractional integral associated to schrödinger operator on the heisenberg groups in vanishing generalized morrey spaces

Author

Eroglu A., Isayev F.A., Namazov F.M., 0-Belirlenecek, and Eroglu, A., Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Department of Mathematics, Nigde, Turkey -- Isayev, F.A., Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics of NAS of Azerbaijan, Baku, AZ1141, Azerbaijan -- Namazov, F.M., Baku State University, Baku, AZ1141, Azerbaijan

Subjects
Schrödinger operator, Commutator, Vanishing generalized morrey space, Heisenberg group, Fractional integral, Bmo
Abstract

Let L = -?Hn + V be a Schrödinger operator on the Heisenberg groups Hn, where the nonnegative potential V belongs to the reverse Hölder class RHQ/2 and Q is the homogeneous dimension of Hn. Let b belong to a newBMO?(Hn, ?) space, and let IL ß be the fractional integral operator associated with L. In this paper, we study the boundedness of the operator IL ß and its commutators [b, IL ß ] with b ? BMO?(Hn, ?) on vanishing generalized Morrey spaces VM?,V p,? (Hn) associated with Schrödinger operator. We find the sufficient conditions on the pair (?1, ?2) which ensures the boundedness of the operator IL ß from VM?,V p,?1 (Hn) to LM?,V q,?2 (Hn), 1/p - 1/q = ß/Q. When b belongs to BMO?(Hn, ?) and (?1, ?2) satisfies some conditions, we also show that the commutator operator [b, IL ß ] are bounded from VM?,V p,?1 (Hn) to VM?,V q,?2 (Hn), 1/p - 1/q = ß/Q. © 2018, Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics, National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan. All rights reserved.

Published
2018

35. Characterization of new strain Lactobacillus paracasei I-N-10 with proteolytic activity: Potential role in decrease in β-casein immuno-reactivity

Author

Aynur Ahmadova, Imen Hadji Sfaxi, Thomas Haertlé, Jean-Marc Chobert, Hanitra Rabesona, Shady El-Ghaish, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (INSAT), Baku State University, FUNGINIB [ANR-09-ALIA-005-03], NATO [98164 SfP], French Ministry ('Service d'Action Culturelle et Scientifique' from the French Embassy in Baku), and Egyptian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Education

Subjects
Proteases, food.ingredient, Lactobacillus paracasei, Proteolysis, SUSCEPTIBILITY, Biochemistry, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Hydrolysate, Epitope, Microbiology, Serine, MILK, food, LACTIC-ACBACTERIA, FERMENTED FOODS, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Skimmed milk, Milk allergy, ANTIGENICITY, medicine, CELL-ENVELOPE PROTEINASE, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, LACTOCOCCUS-LACTIS, WALL-BOUND PROTEINASE, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, POLYACRYLAMIDE-GEL ELECTROPHORESIS, food and beverages, General Chemistry, Proteolytic activity, biology.organism_classification, 16S ribosomal RNA, RESISTANCE, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

The proteolytic activity of thirty-three Lisolates from Mongolian tarag was tested on skimmed milk. The strain displaying the highest proteolytic activity was purified and presented by 16S rDNA sequencing 99.9 % homology with Lactobacillus paracasei 1-4-2A. It was named L. paracasei I-N-10. Proteases of L. paracasei I-N-10 hydrolyze predominately beta-casein and in some level alpha(S2)-casein; hydrolysis of alpha(S1)-casein was not observed. Proteolytic activity was optimal at 42 A degrees C and neutral pH. Proteases of L. paracasei I-N-10 were inhibited by serine- and metalloproteases inhibitors. PCR amplification revealed the presence of prtP gene, which was identical to prtP gene of L. paracasei genus. Mass spectrometry analysis of beta-casein hydrolysate allowed to characterize 7 peptides resulting from proteolysis by L. paracasei I-N-10. The isolated strain was able to cleave beta-casein in different sites including 2 of the major linear epitopes implicated in its allergenicity. Being sensitive to main antibiotics classes, L. paracasei I-N-10 could be considered as safe and used as starter culture with a potential role in decreasing beta-casein immuno-reactivity.

Published
2012
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36. Potential use of lactic acid bacteria for reduction of allergenicity and for longer conservation of fermented foods

Author

Imen Hadji-Sfaxi, Mahmoud Sitohy, Hanitra Rabesona, Inga Bazukyan, Jean-Marc Chobert, Aynur Ahmadova, Kamel Eddine El Mecherfi, Fernanda Mozzi, Yuri Popov, Akif A. Kuliev, Yvan Choiset, Thomas Haertlé, Shady El-Ghaish, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Baku State University, Université du 7 Novembre, Partenaires INRAE, Université d'Oran, Yerevan State University, and Zagazig University

Subjects
WHEY PROTEINS, ANTIMICROBIALS, Otras Ciencias Biológicas, CELIAC SPRUE, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Ciencias Biológicas, chemistry.chemical_compound, Allergen, LACTIC ACID BACTERIA, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, medicine, Food microbiology, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, GLUTEN-FREE BREAD, Food science, Fermentation in food processing, HYPOALLERGENIC, CLASS IIA BACTERIOCINS, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Food preservation, Hypoallergenic, COWS MILK, SOURDOUGH, biology.organism_classification, BETA-LACTOGLOBULIN, Biotechnology, Lactic acid, MEAT-PRODUCTS, chemistry, FUNCTIONAL FOODS, Fermentation, IGE-BINDING, business, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Bacteria, Food Science
Abstract

The interest of consumers for diverse fermented foods has increased in recent years thanks to the positive perception of their impact on consumer health considered as beneficial. Hence, there is an evident need for search of novel ways and for new food preservation agents of natural origins. In this aspect, lactic acid bacteria are very good candidates. It should be highlighted also that the onset of food allergies is rising significantly in recent years. The reduction of the immunoreactivity of food proteins could be achieved thanks to pre-prandial proteolysis occurring in fermented dairy (and other food) systems changing the allergen presentation or cleaving the allergenic protein epitopes, and produce hypoallergenic products. Fil: El-Ghaish, Shady. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia Fil: Ahmadova, Aynur. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia Fil: Hadji-Sfaxi, Imen. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia Fil: El Merchefi, Kamel Eddine. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Université d’Oran. Département de biologie. Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Nutrition et sécurité Alimentaire; Argelia Fil: Bazukyan, Inga. Yerevan State University. Faculty of Biology; Armenia Fil: Choiset, Yvan. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia Fil: Rabesona, Hanitra. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia Fil: Sitohy, Mahmoud. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Zagazig University. Faculty of Agriculture. Biochemistry Department; Egipto Fil: Popov, Yuri G.. Yerevan State University. Faculty of Biology; Armenia Fil: Kuliev, Akif A.. Baku State University. Biotechnical and Biochemistry Chair; Azerbaiyán Fil: Mozzi, Fernanda Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina Fil: Chobert, Jean-Marc. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia Fil: Haertle, Thomas. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia

Published
2011
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37. Proteolytic activities and safety of use of Enterococci strains isolated from traditional Azerbaijani dairy products

Author

Thomas Haertlé, Yvan Choiset, Jean-Marc Chobert, Iskra Ivanova, Aynur Ahmadova, Svetoslav G. Dimov, Akif A. Kuliev, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Baku State University, Sofia University 'St.Kliment Ohridski', and Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski'

Subjects
safety, proteolysis, Proteases, medicine.drug_class, Proteolysis, Antibiotics, Virulence, Biology, cheddar cheese, Biochemistry, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Enterococcus faecalis, Microbiology, cheese, gel electrophoresis, resistance, enterococci, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, medicine, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Food science, Flavor, milk, Strain (chemistry), medicine.diagnostic_test, food, gelatinase, Proteolytic enzymes, faecalis, virulence determinant, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, acid, proteinase, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

A collection of 147 isolates obtained from 23 samples of traditional Azerbaijani dairy products was screened for the presence of proteolytic enzymes. Six Enterococcus faecalis strains obtained from three cheese samples have been identified as proteinase-producing strains, according to their ability to hydrolyze caseins. RAPD-PCR profiles of their total DNA showed different patterns for strains isolated from different cheese samples. The proteolytic activities of these strains were studied during their growth in milk and in non-proliferative cells system. Isolated strains were able to hydrolyze alpha(S1)-, alpha(S2)-, beta-caseins and BLG albeit to different extents, at optimal pH in the range 6.0-7.2 and optimal temperature in the range 37-45 A degrees C, depending on the strain. Proteolysis was strongly inhibited in the presence of EDTA-specific inhibitor of metalloproteases-but the presence of other types of proteases cannot be excluded. The potential pathogenicity of the strains was evaluated investigating the presence of the genes coding different virulence factors and their resistance to antibiotics. The obtained results yield new information about technological characteristics and safety of studied Enterococci strains from Azerbaijani artisanal dairy products. Many from the isolated strains contribute certainly to the differences in flavor, texture, and taste of Azerbaijani traditional cheeses and could represent new adjunct cultures for the dairy industry.

Published
2011
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38. Phase equilibria study in systems Tl-Pb(Nd)-Bi-Te new phases of variable composition on the base of Tl9BiTe6

Author

G. B. Dashdieva, Jean-Claude Tedenac, F. N. Guseynov, Mahammad B. Babanly, S. Z. Imamalieva, Baku State University, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering, Metals and Alloys, Analytical chemistry, Mineralogy, 02 engineering and technology, Liquidus, Solidus, Crystal structure, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Phase diagram, 0104 chemical sciences, Tellurides, Mechanics of Materials, Phase (matter), Differential thermal analysis, X-ray crystallography, Materials Chemistry, Thermodynamics, Phase equilibria, 0210 nano-technology, Solid solution
Abstract

By DTA, X-ray diffraction, EMF methods and microhardness measurements, the phase equilibria on the concentration sections Tl5Te3-Tl4PbTe3-Tl9BiTe6 (I), Tl2Te-Tl4PbTe3-Tl9BiTe6 (II), Tl5Te3-Tl9NdTe6-Tl9BiTe6 (III) and Tl2Te-Tl9NdTe6-Tl9BiTe6 (IV) of the multinary systems Tl-Pb(Nd)-Bi-Te were investigated. A number of isopleth sections, projections of liquidus and solidus surfaces of the systems (I)–(IV) were constructed. The concentration dependences of crystal lattice parameters, microhardness and of partial thermodynamic functions of thallium ( Δ G ¯ , Δ H ¯ , Δ S ¯ ) in alloys were determined. The investigated systems are characterized by formation of continuous (I, III) or wide (II, IV) areas of solid solutions based on Tl5Te3 compound.

Published
2010
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39. Mentesh Tepe, an early settlement of the Shomu-Shulaveri Culture in Azerbaijan

Author

Laurence Bouquet, Modwene Poulmarc'H, Bertille Lyonnet, Elsa Jovenet, Antoine Courcier, Farhad Guliyev, Denis Guilbeau, Norbert Benecke, Emmanuel Baudouin, Michel Fontugne, Caroline Hamon, Laure Pecqueur, Gaëlle Bruley-Chabot, Anaïck Samzun, Pascal Raymond, Emeline Degorre, Gaëlle Le Dosseur, Laurence Astruc, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Du village à l’État au Proche et Moyen-Orient (Vepmo), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Préhistoire et Technologie (PréTech), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Proche-Orient, Caucase, Iran : Diversités et Continuités (PROCLAC), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Baku State University, Baku AZ1141, 23 Z. Khalilov St, Baku, Azerbaijan, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Dauphine Recherches en Management (DRM), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EVEHA (Etudes et valorisations archeologiques), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chercheur indépendant, Department of Natural Sciences, German Archaeological Institute (DAI), Trajectoires - UMR 8215, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien (Archéorient), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Deutsches Bergbau-Museum Bochum (DBM), DBM, ANR-09-FRAL-0002,Ancient Kura,Cultures anciennes du Sud Caucase: paléo-environnement, mode de vie et exploitation des ressources dans la Moyenne Vallée de la Kura, du 6e au 3e millénaire(2009), ANR-12-FRAL-0011,Kura in Motion!,'Kura in Motion!' Hommes, plantes et animaux dans leur dynamique au sein de la moyenne vallée de la Kura, 6e-3e millénaires BCE.(2012), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (Inalco)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques (LCPB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes (UR5), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Département Génie Biologique / IUT de Saint-Brieuc, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), The German Archaeological Institute, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Proche-Orient, Caucase, Iran : Diversités et Continuités ( PROCLAC ), École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales ( Inalco ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques ( LCPB ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes ( UR5 ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] ( LSCE ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité ( ArScAn ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ) -Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Préhistoire et Technologie ( PréTech ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien ( Archéorient ), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 ( UL2 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Chalcolithic, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, Shomu-Shulaveri Culture, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Geography, Bronze Age, Stage (stratigraphy), Inhumation, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Caspian Sea level mobility, Climate change, Neolithic, Settlement (litigation), Domestication, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

International audience; Excavations at Mentesh Tepe, western Azerbaijan, have unearthed Neolithic levels dated to an early stage of the Shomu-Shulaveri Culture, with a specific material culture and several inhumations among which a multiple burial. At that stage, already a full domestication of plants and animals is evident. Many questions have been raised concerning the origins of this culture, and its end is also still obscure. Relations with societies in the north-Mesopotamian area have again recently been evidenced at its beginnings. Mentesh Tepe, with its exceptional succession of occupations from the Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age, could help providing some clues for the links between the Neolithic and the Chalcolithic periods. The site is presented here under different points of views (architecture, burials, material culture) but in a preliminary stage since many studies are still in progress. Questions are raised about the climate and the apparent absence of pre-and post-Shomu-Shulaveri Culture possibly due to silting or erosion processes linked with the mobility of the Caspian Sea level.

Published
2016
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40. Antimicrobial and antifungal activities of Lactobacillus curvatus strain isolated from homemade Azerbaijani cheese

Author

Jean-Marc Chobert, Akif Kuliyev, Aynur Ahmadova, Hanitra Rabesona, Thomas Haertlé, Yvan Choiset, Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov, Soumaya Messaoudi, Imen Hadji-Sfaxi, Bernadette Dora Gombossy de Melo Franco, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Baku State University, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, LUNAM Université [Nantes Angers Le Mans], Université of Tunis, CAPES-COFECUB [730/11], French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Education, and Embassy of French Republic in Azerbaijan (Service d'Action Culturelle et Scientifique de l'Ambassade de France a Bakou)

Subjects
Antifungal Agents, Bacillus cereus, medicine.disease_cause, BOZA, law.invention, Probiotic, Fusarium, Bacteriocins, law, Cheese, LACTIC-ACBACTERIA, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Agar, Antifungal activity, PROBIÓTICOS, TRADITIONAL CEREAL BEVERAGE, 0303 health sciences, biology, food and beverages, Antimicrobial, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Infectious Diseases, Cladosporium, medicine.drug, food.ingredient, Azerbaijan, GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA, Tetracycline, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, food, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacteriocin, PLANTARUM, medicine, CURVACIN-A, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 030304 developmental biology, PURIFICATION, IDENTIFICATION, 030306 microbiology, Chloramphenicol, Probiotics, biology.organism_classification, Lactobacillus, FERMENTED SAUSAGE, Fermentation, Lactobacillus curvatus, LEUCONOSTOC-MESENTEROIDES
Abstract

International audience; The aims of this study were to characterize inhibitory activity spectra, some probiotic properties and safety of Lactobacillus curvatus A61 for its future application in production of fermented foods. The studied strain was isolated from traditional homemade cheese manufactured in Azerbaijan. The cell-free supernatant of culture of Lb. curvatus A61 inhibited the growth of tested LAB, as well as of Listeria monocytogenes and Bacillus cereus strains. The strain presented antifungal activity and inhibited the growth of Cladosporium and Fusarium ssp. during co-cultivation on agar media. PCR amplification with specific primers revealed the presence of curvacin A encoding gene in Lb. curvatus A61. Bacteriocin produced by the studied strain was heat stable and active in a broad pH range, and in the presence of Triton X-20, Triton X-80, Triton X-100, beta-mercaptoethanol, Na-EDTA, SDS and NaCl. The mode of action of bacteriocin against selected indicator strains was found to be bacteriostatic. Lb. curvatus A61 was resistant to physiological concentrations of bile salts and showed high auto-aggregation ability, as well as co-aggregation ability with pathogenic L monocytogenes strains. It was sensitive to chloramphenicol, penicillin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and vancomycin, but resistant to ampicillin and gentamicin. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2013
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41. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity, probiotic properties and safety of wild strain Enterococcus faecium AQ71 isolated from Azerbaijani Motal cheese

Author

Aynur Ahmadova, Bernadette Dora Gombossy de Melo Franco, Jean-Marc Chobert, Yvan Choiset, Tannaz Mirhadi Zadi, Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov, Akif Kuliyev, Thomas Haertlé, Hanitra Rabesona, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Baku State University, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Education and Embassy of French Republic in Azerbaijan (Service d'Action Culturelle et Scientifique de l'Ambassade de France a Bakou), and CAPES-COFECUB [730/11]

Subjects
VIRULENCE DETERMINANTS, Enterococcus faecium, Bacillus cereus, QUEIJO, ADHESION, medicine.disease_cause, Esterase, Microbiology, Bacteriocin, Listeria monocytogenes, Cheese, FOOD, LACTIC-ACBACTERIA, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, medicine, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, PURIFICATION, Strain (chemistry), biology, Lactobacillus brevis, SEC-DEPENDENT BACTERIOCIN, Probiotics, biology.organism_classification, Antimicrobial, PRODUCTS, Enterocins, Safety, RESISTANCE, Food Science, Biotechnology, GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION
Abstract

The aims of this study were to characterize bacteriocin activity, some functional and probiotic properties, and to evaluate the safety of Enterococcus faecium AQ71 isolated from Azerbaijani Motal cheese. The studied strain inhibited the growth of selected tested LAB, Listeria monocytogenes and Bacillus cereus strains. PCR amplification with specific primers indicated that E. faecium AQ71 carry genes encoding enterocins P. L50A, L50B and A. Bacteriocin(s) produced by the studied strain was/were heat stable and active in a broad pH range. Triton X-20, Triton X-80, Triton X-100, beta-mercaptoethanol, Na-EDTA, SDS and NaCl did not affect the antimicrobial activity of the strain. The cell free supernatants of the strain caused the lysis of cells of Lactobacillus brevis F145 and inhibited the growth of L. monocytogenes. E. faecium AQ71 was negative for the tested virulence factors and did not present multi-resistance to antibiotics. The strain was resistant to physiological concentrations of bile salts and showed good auto-aggregation ability as well as co-aggregation ability with L. monocytogenes. E. faecium AQ71 exhibited good esterase, esterase lipase, acid phosphatase and aminopeptidase activities. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2013
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42. Modification of IgE binding to beta- and alpha(S1)-caseins by proteolytic activity of Lactobacillus helveticus A75

Author

Ahmadova Fehruz, Aynur, El-Ghaish, Shady, Choiset, Yvan, Rabesona, Hanitra, Drouet, Martine, Chobert, Jean-Marc, Kuliev, Akif A., Haertlé, Thomas, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Baku State University, Unite Allergol Gen & Pneumol, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), NATO project [982164], French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Education and Embassy of French Republic in Azerbaijan (Service d'Action Culturelle et Scientifique de l'Ambassade de France a Bakou), and Egyptian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Education

Subjects
[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, food and beverages, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering
Abstract

Proteolytic activity of Lactobacillus helveticus A75 and effects of caseins hydrolysis by this strain on their immuno-reactivity were studied. Proteases of L. helveticus A75 hydrolyzed both alpha(S1)- and beta-caseins and were inhibited by serine-and metalloproteases inhibitors. Polymerase chain reaction amplification revealed the presence of prtH gene, which was 99% identical to prtH gene of L. helveticus CNRZ 32. Effect of proteolysis of alpha(S1)- and beta-caseins by L. helveticus A75 on their immunoglobulin E (IgE) binding ability was studied by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with the pool of eight sera from cow milk allergy patients. The IgE binding ability of hydrolyzed proteins was lower than that of intact proteins, which indicates that hydrolysis of alpha(S1)- and beta-caseins by proteases of L. helveticus A75 decreases their recognition by specific IgE. Half maximal inhibitory concentration values were 2.01 and 2.28 mu g/mL for alpha(S1)- and beta-casein, respectively, and increased until 9.08 and 13.65 mu g/mL, respectively, after their hydrolysis by L. helveticus A75.

Published
2013
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43. Antimicrobial activity, probiotic properties and safety of wild strain Enterococcus faecium AQ71 isolated from Azerbaijani Motal cheese

Author

Ahmadova, Aynur, Todorovc, Svetoslav Dimitrov, Choiset, Yvan, Rabesona, Hanitra, Zadi, Tannaz M., Kuliyevb, Akif, Franco, Bernadette D.G.M., Chobert, Jean-Marc, Haertlé, Thomas, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Baku State University, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), and Istanbul Technical University. Istanbul, TUR.

Subjects
Cheese, Enterocins, Probiotics, Enterococcus faecium, Safety, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Published
2012

44. Characterization of two safe Enterococcus strains producing enterocins isolated from Egyptian dairy products

Author

Mahmoud Sitohy, Shady El-Ghaish, Jean-Marc Chobert, Hanitra Rabesona, Imen Hadji-Sfaxi, Aynur Ahmadova, Thomas Haertlé, Yvan Choiset, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Baku State University, Zagazig University, Egyptian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Education, NATO [98164 SfP], FUNGINIB [ANR-09-ALIA-005-03], and French Ministry (Service d'Action Culturelle et Scientifique de l'Ambassade de France a Bakou)

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Food Safety, Listeria, VIRULENCE DETERMINANTS, Molecular Sequence Data, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, SEQUENCE, DNA, Ribosomal, enterococci, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacteriocin, Bacteriocins, FOOD, Lactobacillus, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, medicine, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 16S rRNA, BACTERIOCIN, ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE, FAECIUM, PURIFICATION, MEAT, biology, Base Sequence, Lactobacillus brevis, food and beverages, Genetic Variation, FERMENTED MILK, biology.organism_classification, Enterococcus, Egyptian dairy products, Food Microbiology, antimicrobial, Egypt, Dairy Products, Listeria ivanovii, Enterococcus faecium, GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION
Abstract

Five bacterial cocci isolates were selected from a wide pool of 503 isolates collected from traditional Egyptian dairy products on the basis of their inhibitory activities against Lactobacillus brevis F145, Lactobacillus bulgaricus 340, Enterococcus faecium HKLHS, Listeria ivanovii ATCC, Listeria innocua CIP 80.11 and Listeria monocytogenes EGDe 107776. These 5 isolates were identified as E. faecium TX1330 and E. faecium E980 by 16S rDNA amplification and sequencing. The antibacterial activity of the two strains was not affected by treatment of the cell free culture supernatant with catalase but their activities disappeared completely when digested with protease K, α-chymotrypsin and trypsin. The antimicrobial substance was stable over a wide range of pH (2-10) and was active after heating at 100 °C for 10 min. Bacteriocin yield in two strains reached a maximum (1,600 AU/ml) at the end of the exponential phase (6 h) and remained stable until the end of 24 h-incubation period when the medium reached pH 5.5. Maximal production of bacteriocin was obtained when growing the bacterial cells at temperatures ranging between 30 and 37 °C. Bacteriocin production was unaffected when the bacterial cells grew under severe conditions of pH (9.6) and in high salt (6.5% NaCl). Thanks to PCR gene amplification the bacteriocins produced by E. faecium TX1330 could be identified as enterocins A and B structural genes, while the bacteriocins produced by E. faecium E980 could be identified as enterocins P and L50A structural genes, which can be classified into two enterocin subclasses (IIa and IIc), respectively. PCR amplification demonstrated that the two studied strains did not contain virulence factors asal, cyl A and B, ace, efaAfs and espfm. These two strains were sensitive to most of the tested antibiotics but were resistant to tetracycline. E. faecium E980 was also resistant to chloramphenicol.

Published
2011
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45. Comparison of genetic diversity between cultivated and wild grape varieties originating from the near-caspian zone of Azerbaijan

Author

Samira Salayeva, Ellada Akhundova, Stéphanie Mariette, Stéphanie Decroocq, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (ANAS), Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (UMR EGFV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Victor Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro), Unité de recherches Espèces Fruitières et Vigne (UREFV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Baku State University, and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, 0106 biological sciences, Azerbaijan wild grapes, AMOVA, Vitis vinifera ssp sylvestris, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Horticulture, Biology, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Agriculture, 03 medical and health sciences, lcsh:Botany, Botany, Genotype, Cultivar, education, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, marqueurs SRR, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Genetic diversity, SSR markers, fungi, lcsh:S, food and beverages, genetic diversity, lcsh:QK1-989, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Vitis vinifera ssp. sativa and Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris, Genetic marker, Vitis vinifera ssp sativa, diversité génétique, Genetic structure, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Microsatellite, Gene pool, vignes sauvages d'Azerbaijan, 010606 plant biology & botany, Food Science
Abstract

Aim: The Caucasus is considered as a possible primary centre of origin of grapevine. The aim of our research work was to study genetic diversity among cultivated Caucasian grape varieties and wild relatives originating from Near-Caspian areas of Azerbaijan on the basis of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers.Methods and Results: Microsatellite allele data obtained in 31 local table grape varieties of Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sativa (Absheron region) and 34 wild varieties of Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sylvestris (Nabran, Davachi and Guba regions) were used to estimate population genetic parameters such as the polymorphism information content (PIC), the probability of identity (PI) and the frequency of null alleles (r). The genetic differences among the wild populations and between the wild and the cultivated gene pools were assessed using POPGENE, Arlequin and GENETIX programs. The selected fifteen microsatellite (SSR) markers revealed a high degree of polymorphism within and among the grape populations analyzed. The genetic similarity index ranged from 0.02 to 0.933.Conclusions: Among the selected markers, VVMD28 and VVMD36 displayed the highest diversity level regarding the expected heterozygosity and PIC (highest values) and PI (lowest values). In consequence, we postulate that these two markers are the most appropriate ones for the identification of grape accession and the determination of genetic diversity among cultivated and wild grape genotypes. Clustering analysis based on SSR markers data led to a good separation between cultivated and wild accessions and between wild accessions originating from different regions.Significance and impact of the study: The fifteen microsatellite markers used in this study were highly informative for the identification and analysis of genetic structure of Azerbaijan grapevine populations and clarified the relationships among grape accessions.

Published
2010

46. Characterization of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS) from lactic acid bacteria isolated from traditional Azerbaijani cheeses

Author

Akif A. Kuliev, Jean-Marc Chobert, Saib Gurban oglu Gulahmadov, Thomas Haertlé, Batjargal Batdorj, Michèle Dalgalarrondo, Baku State University, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Lactobacillus paracasei, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Microbiology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bacteriocin, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, LACTIC ACID BACTERIA, Lactobacillus, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, medicine, Escherichia coli, BACTERIOCIN LIKE, FERMENTATION, biology, CHEESE, food and beverages, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Lactic acid, chemistry, Fermentation, Bacteria, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of southern Caucasus region present a special interest due to the diversity of lactic flora used for fermentations by various local populations during thousands of years. Four LAB strains, not identified previously, isolated from Motal and Brunza typical Azerbaijani cheeses were subjected to phenotypic identification and three of them could be identified as Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei and one as Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Test strains such as Lactobacillus bulgaricus 340 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were inhibited by the four isolated strains. Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli HB 101 was detected in Lactobacillus paracasei BN ATS 8w and L. rhamnosus FAZ 16m. L. paracasei BN ATS 5w and 8w, and L. rhamnosus FAZ 16m showed inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus Cip 9973. The inhibition of Candida pseudotropicalis was detected only when using L. paracasei species BN ATS 5w and 7w. Culture of Listeria innocua was insensitive to the antimicrobial substances of all the studied strains. Complete inactivation or significant reduction in antibacterial activity was observed after treatment of cell-free supernatants with pronase E and proteinase K, but not with trypsin (except for L. rhamnosus FAZ 16m), indicating the protein nature of the active agents. Amylase treatment totally inactivated the substances of L. paracasei, what implies the importance of glycosylation for the activity. The activities of all the bacteriocin-like substances from studied LABs were stable over a wide pH range from 3 to 11.

Published
2006
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47. Inverse problem for one class of nonselfadjoint operator's bunches with nonperiodic coefficients

Author

Efendiev, Rakib Feyruz, Institute Applied Mathematics (BSU), and institute applied mathematics-Baku State University

Subjects
Mathematics - Spectral Theory, FOS: Mathematics, 34B25, 34L05, 34L25, 47A40, 81U40, Spectral Theory (math.SP), [MATH.MATH-SP]Mathematics [math]/Spectral Theory [math.SP]
Abstract

In this paper the complete spectral analysis of the operators is carried out and also with help of generalized normalizing numbers the inverse problem is solved.

Published
2004

48. Global trends in grassland carrying capacity and relative stocking density of livestock

Author

Cécile Godde, Matti Kummu, Afag Rizayeva, Mika Jalava, Gabriel Cramer, Mario Herrero, Johannes Piipponen, Jan De Leeuw, Department of Built Environment, Baku State University, CSIRO, Cornell University, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University

Subjects
Global and Planetary Change, Conservation of Natural Resources, Livestock, Ecology, interannual variability, feed, grasslands, net primary production, Grassland, rangelands, MODIS, Environmental Chemistry, overgrazing, Animals, Biomass, aboveground biomass, Brazil, General Environmental Science
Abstract

openaire: EC/H2020/819202/EU//SOS.aquaterra Funding Information: The work was funded by ‐ , the Academy of Finland funded projects WATVUL (grant No. 317320) and TREFORM (grant no. 339834), and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 819202). MH would like to acknowledge support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation MERLIN grant (INV023682). Maa ja vesitekniikan tuki ry Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Although the role of livestock in future food systems is debated, animal proteins are unlikely to completely disappear from our diet. Grasslands are a key source of primary productivity for livestock, and feed-food competition is often limited on such land. Previous research on the potential for sustainable grazing has focused on restricted geographical areas or does not consider inter-annual changes in grazing opportunities. Here, we developed a robust method to estimate trends and interannual variability (IV) in global livestock carrying capacity (number of grazing animals a piece of land can support) over 2001–2015, as well as relative stocking density (the reported livestock distribution relative to the estimated carrying capacity [CC]) in 2010. We first estimated the aboveground biomass that is available for grazers on global grasslands based on the MODIS Net Primary Production product. This was then used to calculate livestock carrying capacities using slopes, forest cover, and animal forage requirements as restrictions. We found that globally, CC decreased on 27% of total grasslands area, mostly in Europe and southeastern Brazil, while it increased on 15% of grasslands, particularly in Sudano-Sahel and some parts of South America. In 2010, livestock forage requirements exceeded forage availability in northwestern Europe, and southern and eastern Asia. Although our findings imply some opportunities to increase grazing pressures in cold regions, Central Africa, and Australia, the high IV or low biomass supply might prevent considerable increases in stocking densities. The approach and derived open access data sets can feed into global food system modelling, support conservation efforts to reduce land degradation associated with overgrazing, and help identify undergrazed areas for targeted sustainable intensification efforts or rewilding purposes.

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49. Separation and enrichment of Cd and Pb from food and water samples based on a graphene oxide-decorated poly 2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate nanocomposite by dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (d-μ-SPE).

Author

Ahmed HEH, Aliyev E, Alosmanov R, and Soylak M

Subjects
Adsorption, Solid Phase Microextraction methods, Methacrylates chemistry, Limit of Detection, Solid Phase Extraction methods, Solid Phase Extraction instrumentation, Graphite chemistry, Nanocomposites chemistry, Lead isolation & purification, Lead analysis, Lead chemistry, Food Contamination analysis, Water Pollutants, Chemical isolation & purification, Water Pollutants, Chemical chemistry, Cadmium isolation & purification, Cadmium chemistry, Cadmium analysis
Abstract

In this study, a graphene oxide combined with poly(2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (GO@PDEAEMA) nanocomposite was synthesized for the separation and enrichment of Cd and Pb from food and water samples using the dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (d-μ-SPE) technique. The GO@PDEAEMA nanocomposite was synthesized using surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) and characterized using various analytical techniques, such as FTIR, FE-SEM, TGA, BET, and XRD. The optimal experimental conditions were pH 8, 0.5 M HNO₃ as eluent, 5 mg of sorbent, and adsorption/desorption times of 0.5 and 1 min, respectively, with a recovery range of 89-101 %. The suggested method showed low limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 0.11 μg L -1 and 0.37 μg L -1 for Cd and 0.28 μg L -1 and 0.93 μg L -1 for Pb, respectively. The optimal procedure was successfully applied to real water and food samples. The study demonstrates the possibility of using GO@PDEAEMA nanocomposite as an effective sorbent for toxic metal extraction., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2025
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50. Application of Probiotics and Postbiotics in Neurological Disorders.

Author

Mohammadpour D, Asadollahi A, Ozma MA, Mehramuz B, Ganbarov K, and Kafil HS

Abstract

Neurological illnesses encompass a broad spectrum of conditions that affect the brain, spine, and nerves, often impairing daily functioning. The global prevalence of these illnesses is rising, posing significant health challenges. This study investigates the beneficial effects of probiotics and postbiotics in managing various neurological disorders, providing a comprehensive analysis of their use in treating these conditions. The article explores innovative, holistic approaches to neurological care, emphasizing patient-centered therapeutic interventions. Compelling evidence suggests that probiotics and postbiotics positively impact several neurological diseases. Specifically, the findings indicate that these treatments can modulate the gut-brain axis, reduce neuroinflammation, and enhance neuronal protection. The study highlights the potential of specific bacteria and their byproducts to ameliorate neurological disorders. Despite promising results, the current data underscore the challenges in future research on the therapeutic benefits of probiotics and postbiotics for neurological illnesses and underscores the critical role of the gut-brain connection and the microbiome in maintaining neurological health. It also examines the safety and feasibility of using probiotics and postbiotics as adjunct therapies, delving into the mechanisms underlying their beneficial effects. Probiotics and postbiotics demonstrate a capacity to enhance the regenerative potential of the human brain, and recent evaluations provide additional evidence supporting their efficacy and safety. However, further rigorous clinical trials are necessary to validate these findings and establish the most effective therapeutic strategies for treating neurological disorders., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Published
2025
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