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The water-energy-food (WEF) nexus concept highlights the interdependencies between water, energy, and food resources. Assessing these interdependencies can lead to a better understanding and their exploitation to improve people's access to water, energy, and food. This study aims to highlight the links between the water resource and the current and future water requirements for agricultural and hydropower production in the context of climate change. The bagré dam which is a multi-usage reservoir located in Burkina Faso is considered as the case study. This dam is used for agricultural production, livestock, and hydroelectricity production. To achieve this objective, the surface water resources of the study area and the different water uses have been first estimaded. Then, a model has been developed and implemented using the Water Evaluation And Planning (WEAP) tool, with the reference year 2020. Finally, the developed model was used to study four relevant plausible scenarios in the Bagré area up to 2050, namely: (1) expansion of irrigated schemes, (2) the drinking water needs of a neighbouring town, (3) climate change effects on the dam's water capacity, and (4) combinaison of the three other scenarios. The results show that all the water requirements for different uses are fully met for all the scenario except the combined scenario by 2050. For this last scenario, the unmet water demands reach up to 100 % specially during dry season. So, to improve the coverage rate of water demands for the combined scenario, it is crucial to explore other alternatives such as the use of groundwater and the implementation of best practices in agronomic management.

Since the droughts of the 1970s–1980s, populations in the Sahel region have opted for a mass exodus to more humid urban or rural centers. Migrations or exoduses have accelerated in recent decades due to environmental degradation and unfavorable climatic conditions. Insufficient harvests are the main reason for migration for the majority of migrants in the Sahelian areas. Migration is a major adaptation strategy to cope with extreme climatic conditions, thus requiring quantification in the destination area. The aim of this paper is to propose a metapopulation model to approximate reality by identifying the transition from one socioeconomic vulnerability group to another, from a less favorable area to favorable area in terms of natural resources, depending on the strategies, policies, and climate variability. The model was used to analyze the dynamics of socioeconomic vulnerability to study the impact of migration on the dynamics of socioeconomic vulnerability. The developed mathematical model was analyzed. Up to 2050, simulations applied to the Tougou village in northern Burkina Faso show that migration has a positive impact on the socioeconomic vulnerability of the destination area, thereby reducing the vulnerability of the population by 10% when resources are increased by up to 30%.

Abstract The role of climate in the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission appears to be controversial, as reported in earlier studies. In Africa, the subject is poorly documented. In this study, over the period from January 1st, 2020 to September 31, 2022, the daily variations in cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19 for each African country (54 countries) are modelled through time-series-based approaches and using meteorological factors as covariates. It is suggested from the findings that climate plays a role in COVID-19 transmission since at least one meteorological factor is found to be significant in 32 countries. In decreasing order, the most often occurring meteorological factors are dewpoint temperature, relative and absolute humidity, average temperature and solar radiation. Most of these factors show a lagged effect with confirmed cases (between 0 and 28 days). Also, some meteorological factors exhibit contrasting effects on COVID-19 transmission, resulting in both positive and negative association with cumulative cases, therefore highlighting the complex nature of the interplay between climate and COVID-19 transmission.

We study a nonlinear parabolic system governing the biological dynamic in the soil. We prove global existence (in time) and uniqueness of weak and positive solution for this reaction-diffusion semilinear system in a bounded domain, completed with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions and positive initial conditions.