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Copyright of Journal of Literature & Humanities / Edebiyat ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we present and analyse the histamena (gold coins) of Romanos III. Argyros found in the territory of the former Hungarian Kingdom. The majority of these coins are known from literary and archival sources. Only the coins from Pétermonostora (County Bács-Kiskun/H) and Székesfehérvár (County Fejér/H) had got to museums and about the others only descriptions are available. Most coins are scattered finds but we have information about some nomisma of Romanos III. Argyros from the Etyek-Bóthpuszta hoard (County Fejér/H). Here we'll analyse their role outside the Byzantine Empire as compared to the coin circulation in the medieval Hungarian Kingdom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia is the property of Lodz Scientific Society / Lodzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal for Tourism, Archeology & Hospitality (IJTAH) is the property of Beni Suef University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of the Archaeological Museum in Zagreb / Vjesnik Arheološkog Muzeja u Zagrebu is the property of Archaeological Museum in Zagreb and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the development of an Arabic political lexicon which illustrated, through lead seals, the Umayyad dynasty's control in their pursuit of administrative legitimacy during the formative Umayyad period in Islamic era. Topics discussed include characterization of Byzantine coins and seals from the early Islamic period, the significance of Islamic lexicon to Umayyad leaders, and major contributions to the analysis of the early Islamic and Umayyad seals.

Thirty-three Byzantine copper-based coins (so-called anonymous follis) from 970 to 1085 CE were investigated in order to determine the elemental composition both of the bulk and of the surface. The ancient coins analysed - belonging to the Thomas Bertelè Collection, now located in the Bottacin Museum of Padova (Italy) - were studied by way of physical, chemical and chemometric testing techniques. This study aims to obtain information on socio-economic aspects of the Byzantine Empire using chemical and physical data of currency as indirect indicators. First, the weight, diameter and thickness of each piece were measured, then a micro-Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (μ-EDXRF) technique was applied on a cleaned and polished area of the surface of the coin to evaluate the presence of minor elements in a non-destructive fashion. A micro-destructive sampling method for both surface and bulk samples, based on mechanically drilling the edge, was finally employed, and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) was used for the quantitative determination of Cu (the major alloying element), Pb, As, Fe, Zn, Ag, Ni, Sn and Mn (minor elements) in the powder which resulted from drilling each coin, previously dissolved via aqua regia dissolution technique overnight at room temperature. The average copper concentration of the folles was 95.9 ± 3.1% for the bulk and 91.7 ± 3.5% for the surface. The Pb-Cu ratio appears to be an index which can be used to discriminate between different coins, in particular for Class B (from 1030 to 1042 CE), as confirmed by exploratory chemometric data analysis. According to our results, all the anonymous Byzantine folles under examination were minted in much the same way and using the same mineral raw materials. Using the chemical data measured on the bulk, we can grasp that the monetary choice of the period under study excluded silver, gold and bronze (concentrations of Pb is low, while Sn resulted undetectable or unquantifiable) to turn, substantially, to a copper-only coinage (deducted the impurities given by the gangue of the starting minerals). Moreover, along the observed period of 120 years, the mass of the coins was significantly reduced (with an overall loss of material of approximately 60%). • Useful procedure to determine the composition of the folles using a micro-destructive sampling method and ICP-AES. • Significant presence of Cu in the Byzantine Empire indicating follis as a fiduciary coin • New data for a numismatic database regarding anonymous folles from the 11th century in the Eastern Roman Empire area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This research aims at studying seventeen currencies that were never published before and are currently preserved at Rosetta Monuments Warehouse. The research presents a descriptive study of such currency including currency number in the warehouse registry, currency material, denomination, diameter, and weight, presenting a detailed explanation of the subjects depicted on the currency observe and reverse, in addition to reading the inscriptions registered on such currency and its importance in studying this group whether in the subject or date. Nonetheless, the research aims at presenting a careful descriptive study involving: the material of which the currency is made, currency denominations, the mints where the currency was coined and whether the currency is local or foreign and analyzing the depicted subject and its prevalence in Egypt and abroad. The illustrative and statistical study is deemed to be a method for reading this discovery. The research presents a descriptive study of these currencies along with a detailed explanation of the subjects depicted on the currency observe and reverse. Besides, the research presents reading the inscriptions registered on this currency and dating every currency by comparing it with other similar currencies. Furthermore, the research aims at presenting a careful analytical study involving the material of which the currency is made; such as bronze and copper, currency denominations that were diverse in Rosetta from follis and miliarness. While the inscriptions on the currencies dated to Roman era differed from one emperor to another. There were inscriptions on the currency observe and reverse; as the observe includes inscriptions of names and surnames of the emperors and their wives. However, the inscriptions varied on the reverse, among them: • Mints Marks Inscriptions: As the mints varied, such as: SMK: Cyzicus, SMTSE: Thessalonica The mints were divided into several officinaes for minting the currency by using the alphabets such as P. Inscriptions Third Year, 4II – Seventh Year. Mints Marks Inscriptions: As the mints varied, such as: CON – Constantinople, KYZ – Cyzicus Workshop Marks, such as: B- Δ – E on Byzantine currencies were on the currency observe and reverse; as the Byzantine currency observe includes inscriptions of emperors' names and surnames. However, the inscriptions varied on the reverse, among them: • Dating Marks Inscriptions: ANNO – means year. II – Second Year, III –

The author continues the publication of the Middle Byzantine coins acquired by the museum of Tulcea. This time we focus on the older acquisition of coins from Niculițel, struck in the first half of the 13th century (inventory numbers 39525 – 39527; 39574 – 39578; 39580 – 39584; 39591 – 39593; 39610; 39762; 39827 – 39829; 40109 – 40114), as well as on the series from Florin Popaene, Niculițel (inventory no. 62315 – 62342), acquired in various stages. We dedicated the past five reviews to coins found at Isaccea-Noviodunum-Vicina, an important Byzantine centre. On this occasion, we lay emphasis on the finds from Niculițel, where Dr. Victor H. Baumann conducted intense archaeological surveys leading to spectacular results. The majority of the acquired coins come from private collections ascribed to Niculițel area, but the analysis of the coin issues shows that some of them could originate from the nearby Isaccea-Noviodunum-Vicina centre. Though, at this time, it is not possible to differentiate the coins from the two centres, we can assert that an important settlement lied on the territory of Niculițel commune in 11th–13th centuries.

This article analyzes the mutable and adaptive royal image of King Roger II of Sicily (r. 1130-1154) by examining his royal coinage in its Mediterranean context. Two case studies demonstrate how Roger, who ruled over a culturally diverse group of regions in Sicily and southern Italy, appropriated these regions' equally diverse histories, images, and traditions of rule when minting his royal coinage. In recently-conquered Sicily, this meant the slow but steady Christianization of previously Islamicate images of rule on coins, and in southern Italy, the imitation of earlier Byzantine imperial coins that had circulated in the region. The adaptability of the royal image to specific contingencies was due in large part to the novelty and uncertain legitimacy of the Kingdom of Sicily. The kingdom's lack of historical precedent meant that the king and his advisors were free to appropriate the historical traditions of other, more venerable political entities to suit the needs of the crown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article talks about the fourty eight coins which are found during excavation at Khirbat Burin, related to Seleucid through the Mamlūk periods. It mentions that present excavation yielded coins are from sixth and seventh centuries of the Byzantine period. Islamic period coins are also discussed. It also expresses the features of the coins.

A solidus of Constantine VII and Roman II from Marosújvár/Ocna Mures. The paper deals with a solidus of Constantine VII and Romanos II which was found in 1861 in Marosújvár (today Ocna Mureş, Romania). A drawing and a description of the finding circumstances was sent to Carl Torma, historian of antiquity by the engineer Franz Pošepny. From Transylvania only half a dozen Byzantine coins of the 9th-10th centuries are known. The majority of the Byzantine coins known from the Carpathian Basin belong to the reign of Constantine VII and Roman II, and were given to the Hungarians as a gift or subsidium. The author in his study gives an evaluation of it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Annales Bertiniani , a ninth-century Frankish chronicle, reports that the Byzantine Emperor Theophilos (r. 829–842) sent to the court of Emperor Louis the Pious (r. 814–840) in Ingelheim in May 839 a group calling themselves Rhos who were trying to return to their homeland (in patriam). They said that their ruler had the name Chacanus. After Louis found out they were Swedes (Sueones), he became suspicious that they were spies and wrote to Theophilos for confirmation of who they said they were. Various scholarly conjectures have been made concerning who these Rhos were and where their homeland might have been. This article surveys the salient points of those scholarly conjectures and the relevant linguistic and archaeological evidence, including Byzantine artifacts from the reign of Theophilos found in northern Europe. It cautions against excessive supposition, especially in assuming that the homeland of the Rhos was a khaganate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Art-Sanat Journal / Art-Sanat is the property of Art-Sanat and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2010, a hoard of 54 Byzantine folles of Anastasius I, Justin I, Justinian I, Justin II and Maurice was found during excavations in Jericho. Most of the folles were minted in Constantinople, followed by Antioch and Nicomedia. Follis hoards are the most common type of copper hoards from sixth-century Palestine. The latest coin in the hoard dates to 592/3 CE during the reign of Maurice, providing a terminus post quem for its concealment. However, the hoard's deposition can be possibly explained by the Persian incursions into Syria and Palestine between 611 and 614 CE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a hoard of 21 copper issues retrieved during controlled archaeological excavations at the site of Sozousa (Apollonia-Arsūf). The hoard, perhaps a foundation deposit, mostly consists of fourth-century CE coins that, together with other early Byzantine coins recovered from the site, contributes to our understanding of the site's formation, expansion and contraction in the sixth and seventh centuries CE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Magazine General Union of Arab Archaeologists is the property of General Union of Arab Archaeologists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper gives a brief report on the 21 Byzantine coins recovered during archaeological fieldwork at Hadrianoupolis in southwestern Paphlagonia between 2005 and 2008. One coin is silver and the rest are all bronze or copper alloy. Chronologically, the latter are divided between the Early and the Middle Byzantine periods. Although the assemblage is small, it provides useful information about the distribution of Byzantine coins from one of the more remote rural areas of northern Asia Minor. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The author continues the publication of the Middle Byzantine coins acquired by the museum of Tulcea. This time we focus on the older acquisition of coins from Niculițel, struck in the first half of the 13th century (inventory numbers 39525 - 39527; 39574 - 39578; 39580 - 39584; 39591 - 39593; 39610; 39762; 39827 - 39829; 40109 - 40114), as well as on the series from Florin Popaene, Niculițel (inventory no. 62315 - 62342), acquired in various stages. We dedicated the past five reviews to coins found at Isaccea-Noviodunum-Vicina, an important Byzantine centre. On this occasion, we lay emphasis on the finds from Niculițel, where Dr. Victor H. Baumann conducted intense archaeological surveys leading to spectacular results. The majority of the acquired coins come from private collections ascribed to Niculițel area, but the analysis of the coin issues shows that some of them could originate from the nearby Isaccea-Noviodunum- Vicina centre. Though, at this time, it is not possible to differentiate the coins from the two centres, we can assert that an important settlement lied on the territory of Niculițel commune in 11th-13th centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CEDRUS is the property of Mediterranean Civilisations Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Danubius is the property of Danubius and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study examines some Byzantine and Roman coins which obtained around Anamur and possessed by Anamur museum through purchasing. The aim of the study, which is in the manner of a catalogue study, is to present Roman and Byzantium coins by cataloguing. In the study, firstly, the localization and history of Anamur region was given. Later, the features of coins in Roman and Byzantium periods were outlined. Lastly, the proportional distributions of the coins were given by presenting the graphics related to the mints and emperors of the coins that had already been catalogued. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bankarstvo Magazine is the property of Association of Serbian Banks and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article is devoted to the coinage of Western Turkic Qaghanate (568-740) in the Chach (Tashkent) region and the influence of Byzantine monetary traditions on their formation. Bearing on the newly discovered numismatic material the authors tried to throw light on the stages of coinage of the Western Turkic Qaghanate and elucidate the brief history of their relations with the Byzantine Empire. The Western Turkic rulers minted their own coins (with the titles of żpyw 'Yabghu', cpyw x'y'n 'Yabghu-qaghan', the ethnopolitical name of twrk x'y'n 'Türk-Qaghan' and with the rulers' names of trδw x'y'n 'Tardu qaghan', twn cpyw x'y'n 'Tun Yabghu-qaghan', all in the Sogdian script) in the Chach region and these coins were symbols of the independence of the Western Turkic Qaghanate. On the coins the following three variants of an original tamga can be seen: ... → ... → ... . The difference in the shape of the tamgas, in our opinion, is connected with the three stages of the formation of the Western Turkic Qaghanate. Stage 1: the Western Qaghanate is a wing or peripheral state within the Turkic Qaghanate under the rule of a Yabghu (the title Yabghu appears on the coins as ...); stage 2: during the period when it was related nominally to the Turkic Qaghanate, in the period of the Yabghu-Qaghanate (the title Yabghu-qaghan on the coins is ...); stage 3: from 630 onward, after the defeat of the Eastern Turkic Qaghanate by Tang China, the Western Turkic Qaghanate existed for a certain time as an independent state (the title Qaghan on the coins is ...). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article continues the publication of monetary finds from the Middle Byzantine period with the presentation of a lot of 87 coins from the 10th-12th century, accidentally found at Isaccea- Noviodunum-Vicina. The importance of the centre from Isaccea is reinforced y the existence of several coin workshops there. The presence of cast coins - anonymous and signed folles from Emperors Michael IV (1034- 1041), class C - 1 piece, Constantine IX (1042-1055), class D - 1 piece., Constantine X (1059-1067), type 2 - 1 piece, Roman IV (1067-1071), class G - 1 piece, Michael VII (1071-1078) - two signed pieces, Nikephoros III (1078-1081) - 5 anonymous pieces - confirm that the activity of the workshop situated at Isaccea-Noviodunum-Vicina, which issued the cast folles, was much more intense in the second half of the 11th century. Among the coins issued after the monetary reform in 1092 of Emperor Alexios I Komnenos, we found the different colour of stamena items from the third issuance from Constantinople striking. It seemed to be due to a different quantity of silver used in the coin alloy. This impression was confirmed by XRF analyses made by our colleague, engineer M. Georgescu from the National History Museum. The analyses revealed 14% to 24% silver in the alloy. From the same Emperor, in the presented lot, there is also a coin that we cannot assign precisely to a casting workshop. The proposed locations are Adrianople, Phillippopolis and Isaccea, but the large number of coins found in Dobrudja - most of them at Isaccea-Noviodunum-Vicina - determined us to localize this officina at Isaccea. This assumption is supported by the find of this coin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Countermarks with the monogram of the Emperor Heraclius (610-41) are found in Syria on Byzantine copper coins. After discussing the typology and the reading of the countermarks we reject the older proposals that the countermarks served as a kind of revaluation in connection with the Heraclian monetary reforms. Statistical analyses of 173 specimens and their provenances, as well as comparisons with contemporary finds, have led us to the conclusion that the countermarks were applied between c. 633 and 636 in Palestine 1. They were presumably produced during the struggles with the invading Arabs. Circulating copper coins (old and new — folles, three-quarter and half folles) became revalued by countermarking because of the serious lack of cash at that time in Syria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coins provide a useful historical source for the momentous events that look place in Palestine during the seventh century A.D., but relatively few have been properly published in excavation reports. This article catalogues 21 Byzantine and 10 Arab-Byzantine coins from the PEF collections, all of which are previously unpublished, including a number from excavations at Jerusalem, Nessana, Gezer and Kafr Harib. Apart from their intrinsic interest as individual coins, they provide some useful information on the coinage in circulation immediately before the Arab conquest and in the early years of Arab rule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The debasement of the Byzantine gold coin during the reign of Constantine IX Monomachus (1042-1055) marked the end of more than seven centuries of near stability and the beginning of a sharp fall in the coin's gold content. I reject a widely accepted view that the debasement was caused by the increase in the number of transactions in an expanding economy. I explain the debasement as being a measure undertaken to finance the protracted war against the Pechenegs in the latter half of Constantine's reign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Byzantium, images on coins were a means to disseminate information about the state widely and quickly. Portraits of emperors were standard; empresses also sometimes appeared. Between 324 and 802, imperial women served as important ideological resources, and their portraits on coins always served as symbols of state well-being and especially of legitimacy for the current ruling family. Changes in the coin imagery demonstrate how the mints used images of imperial women to respond to specific political situations, but also allow us to chart broader shifts in Byzantine gender strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]