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Het laatste overzicht van de wantsen van de Nederlandse waddeneilanden dateert van 2012. Een opsomming wordt gegeven van 43 nieuwe eilandrecords, waaronder vijf soorten die voor het eerst op de waddeneilanden zijn waargenomen. In totaal zijn er nu 380 soorten wantsen van de Nederlandse waddeneilanden bekend.

Een overzicht wordt gegeven van waarnemingen van 33 soorten nieuwe of anderszins interessante soorten wantsen. Psallus aethiops (Miridae), Empicoris rubromaculatus (Reduviidae), Arocatus melanocephalus, Lygaeus simulans, Eremocoris fenestratus (Lygaeidae) en Nezara viridula (Pentatomidae) zijn nieuw voor de Nederlandse lijst, die daarmee nu 640 soorten telt. Naast nieuwe waarnemingen van zeldzame soorten wordt de recente uitbreiding van Cymatia rogenhoferi (Corixidae), Cardiastethus fasciiventris (Anthocoridae), Arocatus longiceps en Rhyparochromus vulgaris (Lygaeidae), Leptoglossus occidentalis (Coreidae), en Peribalus strictus en Rhaphigaster nebulosa (Pentatomidae) in kaart gebracht.

Het laatste overzicht van de wantsen van de Nederlandse waddeneilanden dateert van 2012. Een opsomming wordt gegeven van 43 nieuwe eilandrecords, waaronder vijf soorten die voor het eerst op de waddeneilanden zijn waargenomen. In totaal zijn er nu 380 soorten wantsen van de Nederlandse waddeneilanden bekend.

Een overzicht wordt gegeven van waarnemingen van 33 soorten nieuwe of anderszins interessante soorten wantsen. Psallus aethiops (Miridae), Empicoris rubromaculatus (Reduviidae), Arocatus melanocephalus, Lygaeus simulans, Eremocoris fenestratus (Lygaeidae) en Nezara viridula (Pentatomidae) zijn nieuw voor de Nederlandse lijst, die daarmee nu 640 soorten telt. Naast nieuwe waarnemingen van zeldzame soorten wordt de recente uitbreiding van Cymatia rogenhoferi (Corixidae), Cardiastethus fasciiventris (Anthocoridae), Arocatus longiceps en Rhyparochromus vulgaris (Lygaeidae), Leptoglossus occidentalis (Coreidae), en Peribalus strictus en Rhaphigaster nebulosa (Pentatomidae) in kaart gebracht.

Jalla dumosa is een in Nederland zeer zeldzame pentatomide, die in 1969 voor het laatst was waargenomen op Terschelling. Na 45 jaren zonder waarnemingen werd ze in 2014 weer in klein aantal waargenomen in de Kooiduinen op Ameland. Rupsen van onder andere de duinparelmoervlinder en de sint-jansvlinder stonden daar op het menu. In deze bijdrage wordt informatie samengevat over de vondsten in Nederland, de biologie en de verspreiding van de soort.

Jalla dumosa is een in Nederland zeer zeldzame pentatomide, die in 1969 voor het laatst was waargenomen op Terschelling. Na 45 jaren zonder waarnemingen werd ze in 2014 weer in klein aantal waargenomen in de Kooiduinen op Ameland. Rupsen van onder andere de duinparelmoervlinder en de sint-jansvlinder stonden daar op het menu. In deze bijdrage wordt informatie samengevat over de vondsten in Nederland, de biologie en de verspreiding van de soort.

The number of described species on the planet is about 1.9 million, with ca. 17,000 new species described annually, mostly from the tropics. However, taxonomy is usually described as a science in crisis, lacking manpower and funding, a politically acknowledged problem known as the Taxonomic Impediment. Using data from the Fauna Europaea database and the Zoological Record, we show that contrary to general belief, developed and heavily-studied parts of the world are important reservoirs of unknown species. In Europe, new species of multicellular terrestrial and freshwater animals are being discovered and named at an unprecedented rate: since the 1950s, more than 770 new species are on average described each year from Europe, which add to the 125,000 terrestrial and freshwater multicellular species already known in this region. There is no sign of having reached a plateau that would allow for the assessment of the magnitude of European biodiversity. More remarkably, over 60% of these new species are described by non-professional taxonomists. Amateurs are recognized as an essential part of the workforce in ecology and astronomy, but the magnitude of non-professional taxonomist contributions to alpha-taxonomy has not been fully realized until now. Our results stress the importance of developing a system that better supports and guides this formidable workforce, as we seek to overcome the Taxonomic Impediment and speed up the process of describing the planetary biodiversity before it is too late. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036881

Het laatste overzicht van de wantsen van de Nederlandse waddeneilanden dateert van 2004 met aanvullingen in 2009. Een opsomming wordt gegeven van 144 nieuwe eilandrecords, waaronder 12 soorten die voor het eerst op de waddeneilanden zijn waargenomen. Pachycoleus pusillimus (Dipsocoridae) is nieuw voor de Nederlandse lijst. In totaal zijn er nu 375 soorten wantsen van de waddeneilanden bekend.

The number of described species on the planet is about 1.9 million, with ca. 17,000 new species described annually, mostly from the tropics. However, taxonomy is usually described as a science in crisis, lacking manpower and funding, a politically acknowledged problem known as the Taxonomic Impediment. Using data from the Fauna Europaea database and the Zoological Record, we show that contrary to general belief, developed and heavily-studied parts of the world are important reservoirs of unknown species. In Europe, new species of multicellular terrestrial and freshwater animals are being discovered and named at an unprecedented rate: since the 1950s, more than 770 new species are on average described each year from Europe, which add to the 125,000 terrestrial and freshwater multicellular species already known in this region. There is no sign of having reached a plateau that would allow for the assessment of the magnitude of European biodiversity. More remarkably, over 60% of these new species are described by non-professional taxonomists. Amateurs are recognized as an essential part of the workforce in ecology and astronomy, but the magnitude of non-professional taxonomist contributions to alpha-taxonomy has not been fully realized until now. Our results stress the importance of developing a system that better supports and guides this formidable workforce, as we seek to overcome the Taxonomic Impediment and speed up the process of describing the planetary biodiversity before it is too late. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036881

Het laatste overzicht van de wantsen van de Nederlandse waddeneilanden dateert van 2004 met aanvullingen in 2009. Een opsomming wordt gegeven van 144 nieuwe eilandrecords, waaronder 12 soorten die voor het eerst op de waddeneilanden zijn waargenomen. Pachycoleus pusillimus (Dipsocoridae) is nieuw voor de Nederlandse lijst. In totaal zijn er nu 375 soorten wantsen van de waddeneilanden bekend.

In deze bijdrage worden vier soorten Nederlandse wantsen behandeld, die in 2011 werden waargenomen. Aradus betulae (Aradidae) en Sciocoris homalonotus (Pentatomidae) zijn nieuw voor de Nederlandse lijst, die daarmee op 634 soorten komt. Emblethis verbasci (Lygaeidae) was alleen uit Zuid-Limburg bekend en werd daar na meer dan 60 jaar herontdekt. Ook nieuwe waarnemingen van de zeer zeldzame Prostemma guttula guttula (Nabidae) zijn vermeldenswaardig. De kleine kalkgrashelling langs de spoorbaan bij Wijlre in Zuid-Limburg is uniek door de bijzondere samenstelling van de wantsenfauna, maar wordt mogelijk bedreigd door de agrarische activiteiten bovenop de helling.

In deze bijdrage worden tien soorten nieuwe of anderszins interessante Nederlandse wantsen behandeld, die in 2010 werden waargenomen. Grypocoris sexguttatus (Miridae), Temnostethus tibialis (Anthocoridae) en Arocatus roeselii (Lygaeidae) zijn nieuw voor de Nederlandse lijst, die daarmee 632 soorten telt. Van de zeldzame Microvelia pygmaea (Veliidae), Eremocoris podagricus en Drymus pumilio (Lygaeidae) werden nieuwe waarnemingen buiten het bekende verspreidingsgebied gedaan. De recent gevestigde exoten Corythucha ciliata (Tingidae), Tropidosteptes pacificus (Miridae), Amphiareus constrictus (Anthocoridae) en Arocatus longiceps (Lygaeidae) bleken op meer plaatsen voor te komen.

In deze bijdrage worden vier soorten Nederlandse wantsen behandeld, die in 2011 werden waargenomen. Aradus betulae (Aradidae) en Sciocoris homalonotus (Pentatomidae) zijn nieuw voor de Nederlandse lijst, die daarmee op 634 soorten komt. Emblethis verbasci (Lygaeidae) was alleen uit Zuid-Limburg bekend en werd daar na meer dan 60 jaar herontdekt. Ook nieuwe waarnemingen van de zeer zeldzame Prostemma guttula guttula (Nabidae) zijn vermeldenswaardig. De kleine kalkgrashelling langs de spoorbaan bij Wijlre in Zuid-Limburg is uniek door de bijzondere samenstelling van de wantsenfauna, maar wordt mogelijk bedreigd door de agrarische activiteiten bovenop de helling.

In deze bijdrage worden tien soorten nieuwe of anderszins interessante Nederlandse wantsen behandeld, die in 2010 werden waargenomen. Grypocoris sexguttatus (Miridae), Temnostethus tibialis (Anthocoridae) en Arocatus roeselii (Lygaeidae) zijn nieuw voor de Nederlandse lijst, die daarmee 632 soorten telt. Van de zeldzame Microvelia pygmaea (Veliidae), Eremocoris podagricus en Drymus pumilio (Lygaeidae) werden nieuwe waarnemingen buiten het bekende verspreidingsgebied gedaan. De recent gevestigde exoten Corythucha ciliata (Tingidae), Tropidosteptes pacificus (Miridae), Amphiareus constrictus (Anthocoridae) en Arocatus longiceps (Lygaeidae) bleken op meer plaatsen voor te komen.

Non-professional taxonomists have been responsible for describing more than half of the animal species discovered in Europe from 1998 to 2007 (see also Nature 467, 788; 2010). The extraordinary current rate of description of new species makes Europe an unexpected frontier for biodiversity exploration. The Fauna Europaea database (http://www.faunaeur.org), released in 2004, lists more than 125,000 European species of multicellular terrestrial and freshwater animals. More than 700 new species are described each year in Europe — four times the rate of two centuries ago. However, we have not yet reached saturation in the inventory of European fauna, and we cannot accurately estimate the total number of species living in the continent's ecosystems.

De wants Phimodera humeralis komt voor op stuifzanden, waar ze ondergronds leeft van de wortels van zandzegge. De soort is zeldzaam in Europa en de laatste Nederlandse vondst stamt uit 1941. In 2010 werd P. humeralis opnieuw in Nederland aangetroffen, op de Limitische Heide bij Huizen in het Gooi. Gezien de verborgen levenswijze is de populatie hier waarschijnlijk al lange tijd onopgemerkt aanwezig.

Non-professional taxonomists have been responsible for describing more than half of the animal species discovered in Europe from 1998 to 2007 (see also Nature 467, 788; 2010). The extraordinary current rate of description of new species makes Europe an unexpected frontier for biodiversity exploration. The Fauna Europaea database (http://www.faunaeur.org), released in 2004, lists more than 125,000 European species of multicellular terrestrial and freshwater animals. More than 700 new species are described each year in Europe — four times the rate of two centuries ago. However, we have not yet reached saturation in the inventory of European fauna, and we cannot accurately estimate the total number of species living in the continent's ecosystems.

De wants Phimodera humeralis komt voor op stuifzanden, waar ze ondergronds leeft van de wortels van zandzegge. De soort is zeldzaam in Europa en de laatste Nederlandse vondst stamt uit 1941. In 2010 werd P. humeralis opnieuw in Nederland aangetroffen, op de Limitische Heide bij Huizen in het Gooi. Gezien de verborgen levenswijze is de populatie hier waarschijnlijk al lange tijd onopgemerkt aanwezig.

In dit artikel wordt een overzicht gegeven van 38 soorten nieuwe of anderszins interessante Nederlandse wantsen. Corythucha ciliata (Tingidae), Macrolophus rubi, Orthotylus ochrotrichus (Miridae), Amphiareus constrictus, Buchananiella continua, Cardiasthetus fasciiventris, Lyctocoris dimidiatus (Anthocoridae), Arocatus longiceps (Lygaeidae) en Pinthaeus sanguinipes (Pentatomidae) zijn nieuw voor de Nederlandse fauna. Van Orius flagellum (Anthocoridae) werd slechts één exemplaar aangetroffen en de introductie van Oxycarenus lavaterae (Lygaeidae) uit Italië resulteerde niet in vestiging. Beide laatstgenoemde soorten worden vooralsnog niet toegevoegd aan de Nederlandse lijst, die inmiddels 629 soorten telt.

De fauna van de Nederlandse waddeneilanden telde volgens het laatste overzicht 336 soorten. Een opsomming wordt gegeven van 158 nieuwe eilandrecords, waaronder 26 soorten, die voor het eerst voor de waddeneilanden worden vermeld. De miride Capsus pilifer wordt van de lijst afgevoerd. In totaal zijn er nu 363 soorten wantsen op de waddeneilanden waargenomen.

De fauna van de Nederlandse waddeneilanden telde volgens het laatste overzicht 336 soorten. Een opsomming wordt gegeven van 158 nieuwe eilandrecords, waaronder 26 soorten, die voor het eerst voor de waddeneilanden worden vermeld. De miride Capsus pilifer wordt van de lijst afgevoerd. In totaal zijn er nu 363 soorten wantsen op de waddeneilanden waargenomen.

In dit artikel wordt een overzicht gegeven van 38 soorten nieuwe of anderszins interessante Nederlandse wantsen. Corythucha ciliata (Tingidae), Macrolophus rubi, Orthotylus ochrotrichus (Miridae), Amphiareus constrictus, Buchananiella continua, Cardiasthetus fasciiventris, Lyctocoris dimidiatus (Anthocoridae), Arocatus longiceps (Lygaeidae) en Pinthaeus sanguinipes (Pentatomidae) zijn nieuw voor de Nederlandse fauna. Van Orius flagellum (Anthocoridae) werd slechts één exemplaar aangetroffen en de introductie van Oxycarenus lavaterae (Lygaeidae) uit Italië resulteerde niet in vestiging. Beide laatstgenoemde soorten worden vooralsnog niet toegevoegd aan de Nederlandse lijst, die inmiddels 629 soorten telt.

The North American bug Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann, 1910 is recorded from the Netherlands for the first time. All specimens were observed in or near potential overwintering sites far away from suitable breeding sites and mainly in coastal areas, suggesting large distance dispersal.

The North American bug Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann, 1910 is recorded from the Netherlands for the first time. All specimens were observed in or near potential overwintering sites far away from suitable breeding sites and mainly in coastal areas, suggesting large distance dispersal.

Verspreiding en fenologie van de wants Nysius huttoni in Nederland (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) In opdracht van de Plantenziektenkundige Dienst heeft EIS-Nederland van 14 april tot en met 26 oktober 2006 een onderzoek uitgevoerd naar de verspreiding en populatiekarakteristieken van de wants Nysius huttoni White. Deze soort komt oorspronkelijk voor in Nieuw-Zeeland en is in 2002 voor het eerst in Nederland en België waargenomen. Vermoedelijk is hij via de haven van Antwerpen in Europa terechtgekomen. In Nieuw-Zeeland staat de soort bekend als een schadeverwekker bij tarwe en koolzaad. De Engelse naam is ‘the New Zealand wheat bug’, oftewel de Nieuw-Zeelandse tarwewants. De wantsen voeden zich met de sappen uit de tarwezaden, waarbij een enzym wordt afgescheiden dat in de plant aanwezig blijft. Bij verwerking van de tarwe tot deeg breekt het enzym de gluten af, waardoor het deeg slap en plakkerig wordt en het brood slecht van kwaliteit. Het in Nederland, en deels in België, uitgevoerde onderzoek had tot doel het verspreidingsgebied in kaart te brengen, evenals het beschrijven van de populatiekarakteristieken en eventuele schade aan landbouwgewassen. Het onderzoek bestond uit een inventarisatie en een monitoring van enkele grote populaties. Nysius huttoni komt verspreid over het zuidwestelijke deel van Nederland voor, waarbij de grenzen zich op dit moment bevinden in het zuiden van Zuid-Holland en westelijk Noord-Brabant. Waterwegen zoals

Invasion of the New-Zealand wheat bug Nysius huttoni in the Netherlands (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) In 2006 the European Invertebrate Survey - Netherlands, by order of the National Plant Protection Organisation, conducted a survey of the distribution and population characteristics of the true bug Nysius huttoni White, 1878. This is originally an endemic species of New Zealand, which was first discovered in the Netherlands in 2002 (Aukema et al. 2005). Presumably this species has been introduced to Europe through the harbour of Antwerp. In New Zealand this species is an economically important pest species, known as the wheat bug (Schaefer & Panizzi 2000). They feed on the seeds of wheat and enzymes in the saliva degrade the gluten giving rise to runny dough that is unsuitable for baking (Schaefer & Panizzi 2000). The goal of the survey conducted in the Netherlands, and partially in Belgium, was to reveal the distribution, the population characteristics such as the phenology and the frequency of the different wing morphs within the populations, and the possible damage to crops. A survey of potential sites was carried out, as well as a standardised monitoring of, first two, and la

Verspreiding en fenologie van de wants Nysius huttoni in Nederland (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) In opdracht van de Plantenziektenkundige Dienst heeft EIS-Nederland van 14 april tot en met 26 oktober 2006 een onderzoek uitgevoerd naar de verspreiding en populatiekarakteristieken van de wants Nysius huttoni White. Deze soort komt oorspronkelijk voor in Nieuw-Zeeland en is in 2002 voor het eerst in Nederland en België waargenomen. Vermoedelijk is hij via de haven van Antwerpen in Europa terechtgekomen. In Nieuw-Zeeland staat de soort bekend als een schadeverwekker bij tarwe en koolzaad. De Engelse naam is ‘the New Zealand wheat bug’, oftewel de Nieuw-Zeelandse tarwewants. De wantsen voeden zich met de sappen uit de tarwezaden, waarbij een enzym wordt afgescheiden dat in de plant aanwezig blijft. Bij verwerking van de tarwe tot deeg breekt het enzym de gluten af, waardoor het deeg slap en plakkerig wordt en het brood slecht van kwaliteit. Het in Nederland, en deels in België, uitgevoerde onderzoek had tot doel het verspreidingsgebied in kaart te brengen, evenals het beschrijven van de populatiekarakteristieken en eventuele schade aan landbouwgewassen. Het onderzoek bestond uit een inventarisatie en een monitoring van enkele grote populaties. Nysius huttoni komt verspreid over het zuidwestelijke deel van Nederland voor, waarbij de grenzen zich op dit moment bevinden in het zuiden van Zuid-Holland en westelijk Noord-Brabant. Waterwegen zoals de Westerschelde en Oosterschelde vormen klaarblijkelijk geen barrière voor Nysius huttoni om zich te verspreiden, naar alle waarschijnlijkheid wordt deze afstand vliegend overbrugd. Nysius huttoni is niet kritisch met betrekking tot zijn biotoop. De soort komt op allerlei ruderale, vrij droge terreintjes voor, waarbij de enige voorwaarde de aanwezigheid van zogenaamde topkapselmossen lijkt te zijn, waartussen de dieren schuilen en overwinteren. Zowel aan de rand van het huidige verspreidingsgebied als ver daarbuiten is nog een grote hoev

Invasion of the New-Zealand wheat bug Nysius huttoni in the Netherlands (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) In 2006 the European Invertebrate Survey - Netherlands, by order of the National Plant Protection Organisation, conducted a survey of the distribution and population characteristics of the true bug Nysius huttoni White, 1878. This is originally an endemic species of New Zealand, which was first discovered in the Netherlands in 2002 (Aukema et al. 2005). Presumably this species has been introduced to Europe through the harbour of Antwerp. In New Zealand this species is an economically important pest species, known as the wheat bug (Schaefer & Panizzi 2000). They feed on the seeds of wheat and enzymes in the saliva degrade the gluten giving rise to runny dough that is unsuitable for baking (Schaefer & Panizzi 2000). The goal of the survey conducted in the Netherlands, and partially in Belgium, was to reveal the distribution, the population characteristics such as the phenology and the frequency of the different wing morphs within the populations, and the possible damage to crops. A survey of potential sites was carried out, as well as a standardised monitoring of, first two, and later three, populations. Nysius huttoni occurs throughout the south-western part of the Netherlands (fig. 8, 9), suggesting that the adults are capable of flying over large waterways like the Westerschelde and the Oosterschelde. Nysius can be found on all kinds of waste grounds, even of the smallest size. The only condition is the presence of acrocarpous mosses. The animals do not feed on these mosses, but merely use them as a shelter and as a place to hibernate. During the entire survey period (from April 14 - October 26) adults of Nysius huttoni could be observed in the field. However, the nymphs were first found on April 25. Therefore, in the Netherlands this species apparently hibernates as an adult, as it does in New Zealand. During the monitoring of the populations there were two periods, Ju

Orius laevigatus in the Netherlands (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) Orius laevigatus was captured in 2005 at 21 localities on nettle in banks and borders, all but one in greenhouse areas. The possible cause of its occurrence in the Netherlands is supposed to be either a natural northern shift of its range caused by the changing climate, or the escape of specimens from greenhouses, where the species is used frequently for biological control of western flower thrips.

New and interesting Dutch bugs ii, with an updated checklist (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) The following species are recorded for the first time from the Netherlands: Tupiocoris rhododendri (Miridae), Xylocoridea brevipennis (Anthocoridae), Metopoplax fuscinervis (Lygaeidae) and Elasmostethus minor (Acanthosomatidae). Six species are already shortly mentioned elsewhere as Dutch species, but are treated here in detail: Copium clavicorne and Derephysia sinuatocollis (Tingidae), Amphiareus obscuriceps (Anthocoridae), Horvathiolus superbus and Holcocranum saturejae (Lygaeidae), and Stagonomus bipunctatus pusillus (Pentatomidae). New data are provided for the following little known or rare species: the dipsocorid Cryptostemma waltli, the gerrid Gerris lateralis, the mirids Deraeocoris punctulatus, Capsodes sulcatus, Mermitelocerus schmidtii, Pinalitus atomarius, Teratocoris paludum, Heterocordylus tumidicornis, Orthotylus virens, Hoplomachus thunbergii, Psallus punctulatus and Tytthus geminus, the

Orius laevigatus in the Netherlands (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) Orius laevigatus was captured in 2005 at 21 localities on nettle in banks and borders, all but one in greenhouse areas. The possible cause of its occurrence in the Netherlands is supposed to be either a natural northern shift of its range caused by the changing climate, or the escape of specimens from greenhouses, where the species is used frequently for biological control of western flower thrips.

New and interesting Dutch bugs ii, with an updated checklist (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) The following species are recorded for the first time from the Netherlands: Tupiocoris rhododendri (Miridae), Xylocoridea brevipennis (Anthocoridae), Metopoplax fuscinervis (Lygaeidae) and Elasmostethus minor (Acanthosomatidae). Six species are already shortly mentioned elsewhere as Dutch species, but are treated here in detail: Copium clavicorne and Derephysia sinuatocollis (Tingidae), Amphiareus obscuriceps (Anthocoridae), Horvathiolus superbus and Holcocranum saturejae (Lygaeidae), and Stagonomus bipunctatus pusillus (Pentatomidae). New data are provided for the following little known or rare species: the dipsocorid Cryptostemma waltli, the gerrid Gerris lateralis, the mirids Deraeocoris punctulatus, Capsodes sulcatus, Mermitelocerus schmidtii, Pinalitus atomarius, Teratocoris paludum, Heterocordylus tumidicornis, Orthotylus virens, Hoplomachus thunbergii, Psallus punctulatus and Tytthus geminus, the anthocorids Anthocoris amplicollis and Orius horvathi, the lygaeids Nysius huttoni, Drymus latus, Lamproplax picea, Scolopostethus pilosus, Emblethis denticollis, Megalonotus emarginatus, Aellopus atratus and Raglius vulgaris, the stenocephalid Dicranocephalus medius, the rhopalid Liorhyssus hyalinus, and the pentatomids Carpocoris fuscispinus, Stagonomus bipunctatus pusillus and Rhaphigaster nebulosa. New data and distribution maps are presented for some species showing expanding ranges: the recently established Japanese tingid Stephanitis takeyai, the berytid Metatropis rufescens, the coreid Gonocerus acutangulatus, the scutellerid Eurygaster testudinaria, and the pentatomids Holcogaster vernalis and Eysarcoris aeneus. Tupiocoris rhododendri, Stephanitis takeyai en Nysius huttoni are introduced exotic species. A checklist of the 618 species recorded from the Netherlands is included.

Bugs of the West Frisian Islands ii (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) The first review of Heteroptera recorded from the West Frisian Islands was published in 1989 and included records of 278 species. To date, our knowledge of the fauna of these islands increased considerably, resulting in records of 336 species and 351 new island records. Texel houses most species since 2004 (279 against 181 in 1989), finally outnumbering Terschelling (272 against 240 in 1989) and also the numbers of known species from Ameland, Schiermonnikoog and Vlieland increased considerably. A review is given of all new island records since 1989 and a number of especially interesting species is treated in more detail. Comparisons are made between the fauna of the West Frisian Islands and that of the nearby mainland (provinces of Noord-Holland (the northern part only), Friesland and Groningen) and of the German East and North Frisian Islands. The distribution of Lygocoris minor (Miridae) is limited to the Dutch and German Fri

Bugs of the West Frisian Islands ii (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) The first review of Heteroptera recorded from the West Frisian Islands was published in 1989 and included records of 278 species. To date, our knowledge of the fauna of these islands increased considerably, resulting in records of 336 species and 351 new island records. Texel houses most species since 2004 (279 against 181 in 1989), finally outnumbering Terschelling (272 against 240 in 1989) and also the numbers of known species from Ameland, Schiermonnikoog and Vlieland increased considerably. A review is given of all new island records since 1989 and a number of especially interesting species is treated in more detail. Comparisons are made between the fauna of the West Frisian Islands and that of the nearby mainland (provinces of Noord-Holland (the northern part only), Friesland and Groningen) and of the German East and North Frisian Islands. The distribution of Lygocoris minor (Miridae) is limited to the Dutch and German Frisian Islands, and Orius horvathi (Anthocoridae), Kleidocerys ericae (Lygaeidae) and Piesma salsolae (Piesmatidae) in The Netherlands only are known from the West Frisian Islands and do not occur on the German Islands. Orius horvathi is recorded here for the first time from the Netherlands. The five largest West Frisian Islands have only 105 of the 336 known species in common and there are large differences in species composition between the islands. Texel and Terschelling show the highest resemblance with 70,0 percent of the species in common, whereas for the other islands this percentage varies between 49,2 and 58,8. A total of 63 species were recorded on a single islands only, most of them on Texel (31 species) and Terschelling (20). Almost all species of the West Frisian Islands (91,1%) also occur on the nearby mainland, but 109 species known from this part of the mainland were never found on the West Frisian Islands. The resemblance with the northern part of North-Holland is the

Recent changes in the Dutch Heteroptera fauna (Insecta: Hemiptera) At present 610 species of Heteroptera are recorded from the Netherlands. The database of the Dutch bureau of the European Invertebrate Survey currently includes about 130 000 Dutch records (combinations of locality and species). The records, however, are strongly biased towards aquatic and semiaquatic species (72 761 records of 64 species = 1137 records/species) in comparison with terrestrial species (55 375 records of 545 species = 101 records/species). Although since about 1850 there have always been Dutch heteropterists, collecting efforts show large differences in time and place and it is for instance easy to locate both residences and favourite holiday resorts of heteropterists from the distribution ma

New records of bugs from the province of Zeeland (Heteroptera) Three excursions were made to the province of Zeeland in  and , and nine interesting species of Heteroptera were found as follows. A record of the cydnid Tritomegas sexmaculatus, in the dunes near Cadzand, is the first for the Netherlands. The five species Ceratocombus coleoptratus (Ceratocombidae), Acalypta carinata (Tingidae), Lygocoris populi, Conostethus roseus (Miridae) and Gonocerus acuteangulatus (Coreidae) were first records for Zeeland. A population of the very rare lygaeid Drymus pumilio, hitherto known only from three single specimens in the Netherlands, was discovered in a reed bed of the Groote Gat near Oostburg. Emblethis denticollis and E. griseus were discovered in the dunes between Domburg and Oostkapelle, this is the only known Dutch locality of the latter species. The discovery of Lygocoris populi prompted an analysis of the morphological differences between this species and the other two Dutch species of subgenus Neolygus, L. contaminatus and L. viridis, which are also mapped. To date,  of the  Dutch species of Heteroptera have been recorded from Zeeland.

New records of bugs from the province of Zeeland (Heteroptera) Three excursions were made to the province of Zeeland in  and , and nine interesting species of Heteroptera were found as follows. A record of the cydnid Tritomegas sexmaculatus, in the dunes near Cadzand, is the first for the Netherlands. The five species Ceratocombus coleoptratus (Ceratocombidae), Acalypta carinata (Tingidae), Lygocoris populi, Conostethus roseus (Miridae) and Gonocerus acuteangulatus (Coreidae) were first records for Zeeland. A population of the very rare lygaeid Drymus pumilio, hitherto known only from three single specimens in the Netherlands, was discovered in a reed bed of the Groote Gat near Oostburg. Emblethis denticollis and E. griseus were discovered in the dunes between Domburg and Oostkapelle, this is the only known Dutch locality of the latter species. The discovery of Lygocoris populi prompted an analysis of the morphological differences between this species and the other two Dutch species of subgenus Neolygus, L. contaminatus and L. viridis, which are also mapped. To date,  of the  Dutch species of Heteroptera have been recorded from Zeeland.

Recent changes in the Dutch Heteroptera fauna (Insecta: Hemiptera) At present 610 species of Heteroptera are recorded from the Netherlands. The database of the Dutch bureau of the European Invertebrate Survey currently includes about 130 000 Dutch records (combinations of locality and species). The records, however, are strongly biased towards aquatic and semiaquatic species (72 761 records of 64 species = 1137 records/species) in comparison with terrestrial species (55 375 records of 545 species = 101 records/species). Although since about 1850 there have always been Dutch heteropterists, collecting efforts show large differences in time and place and it is for instance easy to locate both residences and favourite holiday resorts of heteropterists from the distribution maps. Local faunas are not static but dynamic and changes in the Dutch Heteroptera fauna were analysed for the period since 1960 and especially before and since 1980. A number of 571 species (93.6% of the Dutch species listed) have been recorded since 1960 and 510 of these (83.6%) have been recorded regularly since 1960 and are considered ‘resident species’. The changes documented for the period 1980-2002 concern 61 species: 27 new arrivals, 27 species rediscovered after not having been recorded in the period 1960-1980, and 7 species not recorded since 1980. From these data it is concluded that the turnover of species since 1980 (61 of 571 species) has been 10.7%. New arrivals (27) outnumber the extinctions (seven). Turnover of species of local faunas is considered a natural process (species come and go continuously), but it is also clear that habitat changes, international trade and global warming have contributed largely to the observed changes in the Dutch fauna. At least four of the 27 new arrivals are linked to international transport of plant material and the majority of the new arrivals are supposed to benefit from global warming.

The bug Rhaphigaster nebulosa in the Netherlands (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Five specimens of Rhaphigaster nebulosa (Poda, 1761) were captured overwintering in or near the same house in Herkenbosch, province of Limburg, in different years between 1997 and 2002. These records fit similar observations of a recent range extension of this species in north-western direction in both Belgium and Germany. Data on its biology and distribution are summarised from the literature.

The pondskater Gerris lateralis in the Netherlands: wing polymorphism, identification, biology and distribution (Heteroptera: Gerridae) In the Netherlands the pondskater Gerris lateralis is a rare species with a limited distribution. Moreover, a substantial number of records concern macropterous specimens, considered as migrants. Recent findings, however, indicate that the species is more common than suspected, mainly because of its hidden way of life in less accessible habitats such as swamps. The relatively young population discovered in the recently reclaimed polder Zuid-Flevoland showed a high frequency of the macropterous morph in comparison to the almost completely apterous populations on the ‘old land’. The current observations support the assumption that wing dimorphism in Gerris lateralis is genetically determined with dominancy of the apterous morph. The macropterous morph obviously is common enough to establish new populations.

The bug Rhaphigaster nebulosa in the Netherlands (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Five specimens of Rhaphigaster nebulosa (Poda, 1761) were captured overwintering in or near the same house in Herkenbosch, province of Limburg, in different years between 1997 and 2002. These records fit similar observations of a recent range extension of this species in north-western direction in both Belgium and Germany. Data on its biology and distribution are summarised from the literature.

The pondskater Gerris lateralis in the Netherlands: wing polymorphism, identification, biology and distribution (Heteroptera: Gerridae) In the Netherlands the pondskater Gerris lateralis is a rare species with a limited distribution. Moreover, a substantial number of records concern macropterous specimens, considered as migrants. Recent findings, however, indicate that the species is more common than suspected, mainly because of its hidden way of life in less accessible habitats such as swamps. The relatively young population discovered in the recently reclaimed polder Zuid-Flevoland showed a high frequency of the macropterous morph in comparison to the almost completely apterous populations on the ‘old land’. The current observations support the assumption that wing dimorphism in Gerris lateralis is genetically determined with dominancy of the apterous morph. The macropterous morph obviously is common enough to establish new populations.