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Purpose – This paper analyzes the ethics of integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly regarding AI-generated educational content in academia. It attempts to explore how AI customization mimics human interaction and behavior in education, investigate ethical concerns in educational AI adoption, and assess ChatGPT’s ethical use for nurturing curiosity and maintaining academic integrity in education. Design/methodology/approach – Fictional tales may help us think critically and creatively to uncover hidden truths. The narratives are analyzed to determine the affordances and drawbacks of Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIEd). Findings – The study highlights the imperative for innovative, ethically grounded strategies in harnessing AI/GPT technology for education. AI can enhance learning, and human educators’ irreplaceable role is even more prominent, emphasizing the need to harmonize technology with pedagogical principles. However, ensuring the ethical integration of AI/GPT technology demands a delicate balance where the potential benefits of technology should not eclipse the essential role of human educators in the learning process. Originality/value – This paper presents futuristic academic scenarios to explore critical dimensions and their impact on 21st century learning. As AI assumes tasks once exclusive to human educators, it is essential to redefine the roles of both technology and human teachers, focusing on the future.

Purpose – This article examines customer satisfaction in using banking services through Artificial Intelligence (AI) in India. It addresses two questions: first, will customers perceive AI technology as a reliable and efficient alternative to traditional banking practices; second, will AI save customers’ time. Design/methodology/approach – The quantitative research method based on regression analysis models was adopted for hypothesis testing, with data collected from a survey of 189 banking customers from four banks, i.e., State Bank of India, Axis Bank, Punjab National Bank, and HDFC Bank in India. Findings – AI improves banking customers’ experiences by making banking more accessible and enjoyable. Satisfied customers are quick to use cutting-edge AI tools. However, human service is more satisfying than digital service. AI has great potential but works alongside humans rather than replacing them. Even though AI’s novel architecture is helpful, human bank tellers are still needed in enhancing customer satisfaction. Originality/value – AI’s integration in Indian banking, propelled by customer satisfaction, foresees a transformative landscape. This study uncovers AI’s role in saving time and improving customer satisfaction. While AI revolutionizes financial processes, its harmonious coexistence with human expertise emphasizes personalized and efficient services. This study provides insights for optimal AI utilization in shaping the future of banking.

Three-dimensional printing is a rapidly growing manufacturing method for orthopaedic implants and it is currently thriving in several other engineering industries. It enables the variation of implant design and the construction of complex structures which can be exploited in orthopaedics and other medical sectors. In this review, we develop the vocabulary to characterise 3D printing in orthopaedics from terms defined by industries employing 3D printing, and by fully examining a 3D-printed off-the-shelf acetabular cup (Fig. 1). This is a commonly used 3D-printed implant in orthopaedics, and it exhibits a range of prominent features brought about by 3D printing. The key features and defects of the porous and dense regions of the implant are clarified and discussed in depth to determine reliable definitions and a common understanding of characteristics of 3D printing between engineers and medical experts in orthopaedics. Despite the extensive list of terminology derived here, it is clear significant gaps exist in the knowledge of this field. Therefore, it is necessary for continued investigations of unused implants, but perhaps more significantly, examining those in vivo and retrieved to understand their long-term impact on patients and the effects of certain features (e.g. surface-adhered particles). Analyses of this kind will establish an understanding of 3D printing in orthopaedics and additionally it will help to update the regulatory approach to this new technology.

Aims: Our primary aim was to establish the proportion of female orthopaedic consultants who perform arthroplasty via cases submitted to the National Joint Registry (NJR), which covers England, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, and Guernsey. Secondary aims included comparing time since specialist registration, private practice participation, and number of hospitals worked in between male and female surgeons. Methods: Publicly available data from the NJR was extracted on the types of arthroplasty performed by each surgeon, and the number of procedures of each type undertaken. Each surgeon was cross-referenced with the General Medical Council (GMC) website, using GMC number to extract surgeon demographic data. These included sex, region of practice, and dates of full and specialist registration. Results: Of 2,895 surgeons contributing to the NJR in 2023, 102 (4%) were female. The highest proportions of female surgeons were among those who performed elbow (n = 25; 5%), shoulder (n = 24; 4%), and ankle (n = 8; 4%) arthroplasty. Hip (n = 66; 3%) and knee arthroplasty (n = 39; 2%) had the lowest female representation. Female surgeons had been practising for a median of 10.4 years since specialist registration compared to 13.7 years for males (p < 0.001). Northern Ireland was the region with the highest proportion of female arthroplasty surgeons (8%). A greater proportion of male surgeons worked in private practice (63% vs 24%; p < 0.001) and in multiple hospitals (74% vs 40%; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Only 4% of surgeons currently contributing cases to the NJR are female, with the highest proportion performing elbow arthroplasty (5%). Female orthopaedic surgeons in the NJR are earlier in their careers than male surgeons, and are less involved in private practice. There is a wide geographical variation in the proportion of female arthroplasty surgeons. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(8):637–643.

By looking at previous literature, this study aimed to analyze the construct of plyometric exercise variation. Comprehensive methods are used for these articles, such as searching for articles in database research journals. Semantic, Scopus, Scholar, and Crossref are the data sources for this database. The variety of plyometric exercises and vertical jump skills are the main themes. Fifty-one articles were verified, and then 12 articles were evaluated based on objectives, topics, sample size, research protocols, and results. Plyometric exercises are exercises in which the movements are explosive and, besides being practical, also train muscle strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and agility. The purpose of volleyball training is so that players can acquire good basic techniques, strengthen physical strength, and develop interests and talents. To improve jumping ability, various exercises are performed from the beginner level. Therefore, the ability to jump and jump is essential for the volleyball game. The novelty in this study is the using a form of plyometric exercise that is varied according to the characteristics of athletes aged 14-17 years that have never previously been applied in volleyball clubs, which is the focus in this study of plyometric exercise variation methods, namely plyometric squat jump, skipping and hurdle hopping. The intensity of the exercise will be adjusted to the characteristics, and physiological development of male athletes aged 14-17 years.

Objective: To assess the perspectives and barriers towards dengue preventive practices among the residents of Puducherry, India. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 300 households in Puducherry, using a population-proportionate (7:3) distribution from urban and rural areas by grid sampling. One adult interview per household was conducted and the participants were selected using a KISH grid. A semi-structured questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) with additional questions on knowledge assessment was used. Knowledge was assessed based on the correctness of answers and the HBM scores were calculated on a 5-point Likert scale. Participants were categorized based on the median score under each domain. Logistic regression was used for adjusted analysis and models were built to predict the performances in each domain. Results: Four percent of the participants lacked basic knowledge regarding dengue transmission. While 208 (69.3%) participants did not consider themselves at risk of contracting dengue within the next year, majority perceived dengue as a disease with low severity. Around 49.3% (148) were skeptical about the benefit of time and money spent on dengue prevention. Inadequate government efforts were stated as the major barrier (47.0%) and frequent reminders (142, 47.3%) as the major cue to action. Age above 50 years (aOR 1.78, 95% CI 1.04-3.06, P=0.037)) and rural locality (aOR 2.68, 95% CI 1.52-4.71, P=0.001) were found to be significantly associated with poor knowledge scores. Urban participants had a significantly higher chance to perceive low susceptibility as compared to the rural counterparts (aOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.05-2.9, P=0.03). Participants with less than a high school education had low perceived benefits (aOR 2.46, 95% CI 1.52-3.96, P

Abstract Tumor growth inhibition (TGI) modeling attempts to describe the time course changes in tumor size for patients undergoing cancer therapy. TGI models present several advantages over traditional exposure–response models that are based explicitly on clinical end points and have become a popular tool in the pharmacometrics community. Unfortunately, the data required to fit TGI models, namely longitudinal tumor measurements, are sparse or often not available in literature or publicly accessible databases. On the contrary, common end points such as progression‐free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR) are directly derived from longitudinal tumor measurements and are routinely published. To this end, a Bayesian generative model relating underlying tumor dynamics to summary PFS and ORR data is introduced to learn TGI model parameters using only published summary data. The parameterized model can describe the tumor dynamics, quantify treatment effect, and account for differences in the study population. The utility of this model is shown by applying it to several published studies, and learned parameters are combined to simulate an in silico trial of a novel combination therapy in a novel setting.

Abstract Successful entrance into specialty training represents a pivotal stage in the careers of medical officers. Selection for entrance into specialty training programs may encompass criteria including research experience, regional exposure, clinical experience, professional achievements, diversity, equity and inclusion factors, and extracurricular activities. Despite multiple syntheses on the topic, the extent to which these individual criteria predict performance during training and practice remains unclear. The objective of this study are to robustly conclude, through an umbrella review of systematic reviews on the topic, which selection criteria used in the selection process for medical and surgical specialty training applicants best predict clinical performance during and after specialty training.

Sektörlerin birbirleriyle olan etkileşimleri, diğer bir ifadeyle bağınlaşma ilişkisindeki değişimleri ortaya koyan yapısal değişim analizi; ekonomi politika yapıcıları açısından önem taşımaktadır. Söz konusu yapısal değişimi nicel olarak ortaya konulmasında, girdi-çıktı modelleri sıkça kullanılan bir analiz aracıdır. Bu kapsamda yapısal değişim analizi, genel olarak iki farklı dönem için ilgili ekonomilerin kilit sektörlerindeki değişimleri incelemektedir. Buna ek olarak iki farklı dönem için çarpan üretim matrisinin (multiplier product matrix) hesaplanmasıyla, sektörler arası bağınlaşma ilişkilerindeki farklılıklar tespit edilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye ekonomisindeki olası yapısal değişimlerin analiz edilmesi amacıyla; 1995 ve 2018 yıllarına ilişkin girdi-çıktı tabloları kullanılmıştır. OECD veri tabanından elde edilen girdi-çıktı tablolarında toplulaştırma işlemine gidilerek, 20 sektöre indirgenen tablolar aracılığıyla bağlantı etkileri hesaplanarak ilgili yıllara ilişkin kilit sektörler tanımlanmıştır. Buna göre her iki dönem için imalat ile elektrik, gaz, buhar ve havalandırma sistemi üretim ve dağıtımı sektörleri kilit sektör niteliğindedir. 1995 yılında kilit sektörler arasında yer alan gayrimenkul faaliyetlerinin, 2018 yılında kilit sektör niteliğini yitirdiği; tarım, ormancılık ve balıkçılık ile ulaştırma ve depolama sektörlerinin ise son dönemde kilit sektör niteliği kazandığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Olası yapısal değişim incelenmesi için kullanılan çarpan üretim matrisinden elde edilen bulgulara göre; Türkiye ekonomisi için tarım, ormancılık ve balıkçılık, elektrik, gaz, buhar ve havalandırma sistemi üretim ve dağıtımı ile toptan ve perakende ticaret; motorlu taşıtların ve motosikletlerin onarımı sektörlerinin ekonomideki ağırlığının arttığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öte yandan gayrimenkul faaliyetleri, eğitim ile kültür, sanat eğlence, dinlence ve spor sektörlerinin ise bağınlaşma ilişkileri açısından öneminin önceki döneme göre azaldığı tespit edilmiştir.

Abstract The need for intubation in methanol-poisoned patients, if not predicted in time, can lead to irreparable complications and even death. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques like machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) greatly aid in accurately predicting intubation needs for methanol-poisoned patients. So, our study aims to assess Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) for predicting intubation necessity in methanol-poisoned patients, comparing deep learning and machine learning models. This study analyzed a dataset of 897 patient records from Loghman Hakim Hospital in Tehran, Iran, encompassing cases of methanol poisoning, including those requiring intubation (202 cases) and those not requiring it (695 cases). Eight established ML (SVM, XGB, DT, RF) and DL (DNN, FNN, LSTM, CNN) models were used. Techniques such as tenfold cross-validation and hyperparameter tuning were applied to prevent overfitting. The study also focused on interpretability through SHAP and LIME methods. Model performance was evaluated based on accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, F1-score, and ROC curve metrics. Among DL models, LSTM showed superior performance in accuracy (94.0%), sensitivity (99.0%), specificity (94.0%), and F1-score (97.0%). CNN led in ROC with 78.0%. For ML models, RF excelled in accuracy (97.0%) and specificity (100%), followed by XGB with sensitivity (99.37%), F1-score (98.27%), and ROC (96.08%). Overall, RF and XGB outperformed other models, with accuracy (97.0%) and specificity (100%) for RF, and sensitivity (99.37%), F1-score (98.27%), and ROC (96.08%) for XGB. ML models surpassed DL models across all metrics, with accuracies from 93.0% to 97.0% for DL and 93.0% to 99.0% for ML. Sensitivities ranged from 98.0% to 99.37% for DL and 93.0% to 99.0% for ML. DL models achieved specificities from 78.0% to 94.0%, while ML models ranged from 93.0% to 100%. F1-scores for DL were between 93.0% and 97.0%, and for ML between 96.0% and 98.27%. DL models scored ROC between 68.0% and 78.0%, while ML models ranged from 84.0% to 96.08%. Key features for predicting intubation necessity include GCS at admission, ICU admission, age, longer folic acid therapy duration, elevated BUN and AST levels, VBG_HCO3 at initial record, and hemodialysis presence. This study as the showcases XAI's effectiveness in predicting intubation necessity in methanol-poisoned patients. ML models, particularly RF and XGB, outperform DL counterparts, underscoring their potential for clinical decision-making.

Abstract Online social networks have become indispensable in modern life, facilitating knowledge sharing, social communication, and business marketing. To gain a deeper understanding of individuals' behavior within social networks, researchers have undertaken essential analytical tasks such as change point detection. Recently, nonparametric change point detection methods have attracted researchers' attention due to their generality and flexibility. However, existing methods exhibit limitations, including overlooking network structure, reliance on case-based network attributes, and neglecting the dynamic nature of data, which may have correlations in evolving social networks. In this study, we propose a novel multivariate mixed-effects nonparametric profile control (MENPC) algorithm to address these limitations. The advantage of MENPC relies on its unique point of view in approaching network data, where it incorporates the dynamic nature of data into the monitoring process without assuming internal independence of networks over time. Additionally, it takes into account the network structure by considering both nodal and network-level attributes. Furthermore, by introducing an updating trick formula, the proposed algorithm simplifies computations, effectively balancing memory and speed for online monitoring. We evaluate the effectiveness of MENPC through comprehensive numerical experiments using the degree correlated stochastic block model to simulate interactions in evolving online social networks. The results demonstrate MENPC's superior performance in terms of expected detection delay, showcasing its accuracy and efficiency in comparison to competing approaches including Wilson, and eigenvalue methods. Applying MENPC to the Enron email network dataset further confirms its significant progress in social network monitoring, expanding its potential for various applications.

Abstract Population growth has increased, causing more and more housing needs; Indonesia is one of the countries where bricks are still used as the primary material in building walls. It has resulted in increased demand for bricks. One of Indonesia’s regions, Deli Serdang Regency, produces traditional bricks that burn a lot, but the process of making traditional bricks can cause environmental pollution. This research aims to find a way to reduce the effects of environmental pollution by making pressed bricks without burning and utilizing agricultural waste, namely rice husk ash (RHA). After that, a comparison was made between traditional burnt bricks from 15 sub-districts in Deli Serdang Regency and unburnt bricks made from rice husk ash (RHA). This study uses two methods, namely the method of sampling burned bricks and the method of making bricks without burning, both of which are tested for physical and mechanical properties. The results of this study use the requirements of SNI 15-2094-2000, where the test of physical properties of fuel bricks obtained a value of 76%, which meets the requirements, while bricks without burning obtained a value of 87.5%, which meets the requirements. For the results of the size of fuel bricks obtained, 66.6% of the value meets the requirements, while for bricks without burning, 100% meet the requirements. Mechanical properties test for absorption testing on fuel bricks obtained 0.135% while unburned bricks 0.130%, where the value meets the SNI requirements of a maximum absorption of 20%. Salt content testing obtained a value of 0.15% for burned bricks and 0.002% for unburned bricks, where the value meets the SNI requirements that are below 50%. Testing the compressive strength of bricks with a standard value of 5 MPa from the test results of the compressive strength of fuel bricks 3.01 MPa decreased by 39.8%, while the test of compressive strength of unburned bricks 5.17 MPa increased by 3.45%, but unburned bricks with added rice husk ash 1.98 MPa decreased by 60.4%. Based on the study’s results, the absorption and salt content parameters follow the standard. At the same time, the strength test of firebricks and unburned bricks with added rice husk ash does not meet the SNI 15-2094-2000 standard, but the results of the compressive strength test of unburned bricks meet the SNI 15-2094-2000 standard.

Synovial sarcoma is a rare type of soft tissue sarcoma that typically arises in the lower extremities and rarely in the upper extremities. Here, we present an unusual case of a middle-aged man who complained of dyspnea, dry cough, and chest pain and was found to have a mass-like lesion on the ulnar side of his left wrist during physical examination. The patient also exhibited gynecomastia and had elevated β-human chorionic gonadotropin (βHCG) levels. Subsequent imaging and histopathological analysis of the wrist mass confirmed the diagnosis of synovial sarcoma with disseminated lung metastasis.This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the clinical and pathological characteristics of synovial sarcoma, highlight the importance of considering synovial sarcoma as a differential diagnosis in patients with abnormal hormonal assays, and emphasize the need for clinicians to be vigilant about any pathologic lesions existing on the upper extremity to avoid late diagnosis and the development of advanced cancerous diseases.

This research explores the integration of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 with Indonesia's Personal Data Protection (PDP) Law to establish a robust framework for data protection and information security within organizations operating in Indonesia. The research addresses the challenges of aligning the comprehensive information security management systems (ISMS) standard of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 with the specific legal requirements of the PDP Law, which governs personal data collection, processing, and protection. Employing the Action Design Research (ADR) methodology, the study involves a thorough review of existing literature, consultations with domain experts, and the development of a structured framework for integration. Key findings highlight the complementary nature of ISO/IEC 27001:2022's risk-based approach and the PDP Law's emphasis on data subject rights, consent management, and breach notification. The integration framework provides organizations with a unified approach to meet both international standards and local regulatory requirements, enhancing overall data protection. The research concludes with insights and recommendations for organizations seeking to navigate the complex landscape of data protection compliance, emphasizing the importance of harmonizing security measures with legal mandates to build a comprehensive and effective data protection strategy.

This study conducts the measurement of user experience (UX) of the CLASS-IPB Learning Management System (LMS) using the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) method. The research was carried out through several stages, including a literature review, method determination, data collection, and data analysis using UEQ Data Analysis Tools. It involved 45 students who provided feedback on six UX aspects: attractiveness, perspicuity, efficiency, dependability, stimulation, and novelty. Results indicated that CLASS-IPB excels in pragmatic qualities, particularly in efficiency, perspicuity, and dependability, with scores above the benchmark average. However, the system scored lower in hedonic qualities, specifically in stimulation and novelty, suggesting areas for improvement. The study concludes that while CLASS-IPB is effective in aiding task completion and user control, it needs enhancements to become more motivating and innovative.

Antibiotics are widely used to prevent and treat bacterial infections, increasing aquaculture productivity. However, their imprudent use can lead to unintended consequences, including pathological alterations in vital organs of aquatic organisms. The safety of florfenicol following in-feed administration at 10 times the recommended dose and three times the recommended period in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus was studied. Florfenicol induced significant histoarchitectural anomalies as observed from the photomicrographs of double-stained sections of various tissues, including gills, liver, and kidneys of P. hypophthalmus, following in-feed administration at graded doses, viz., 0mg, 10mg, 30mg, 50mg and 100 mg/kg biomass–1 day–1 for 30 days, i.e., three times the recommended therapeutic duration. Gills exhibited lamellar fusion, epithelial lifting, and hyperplasia indicative of respiratory distress. There were hepatocellular vacuolation, degeneration, and congestion, suggesting impaired hepatic integrity. The kidney sections demonstrated tubular degeneration, necrosis, and interstitial inflammation implying renal dysfunction. These changes were prominent at higher doses, mostly in 50 mg and 100 mg groups, and in the extended duration of the treatment, underscoring the potential adverse effects of florfenicol on the histological integrity and physiological homeostasis of P. hypophthalmus. As the catfish species holds significant economic value in Asian aquaculture, understanding the impacts of antibiotic exposure is crucial for sustainable fish farming practices. Implementing appropriate antibiotic usage protocols and monitoring strategies can mitigate the risks associated with antibiotic-induced pathological alterations in commercially important aquatic species.

Abstract We conducted spatial immune tumor microenvironment (iTME) profiling using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples of 25 KRAS-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including 12 responders and 13 non-responders. An eleven-marker panel (CD3, CD4, CD8, FOXP3, CD68, arginase-1, CD33, HLA-DR, pan-keratin (PanCK), PD-1, and PD-L1) was used to study the tumor and immune cell compositions. Spatial features at single cell level with cellular neighborhoods and fractal analysis were determined. Spatial features and different subgroups of CD68+ cells and FOXP3+ cells being associated with response or resistance to ICIs were also identified. In particular, CD68+ cells, CD33+ and FOXP3+ cells were found to be associated with resistance. Interestingly, there was also significant association between non-nuclear expression of FOXP3 being resistant to ICIs. We identified CD68dim cells in the lung cancer tissues being associated with improved responses, which should be insightful for future studies of tumor immunity.

Abstract Mona Lisa Smile (2003) and Dead Poets Society (1989) are two American films that made audiences across the globe reflect their learning paradigms. A rhizomatic educational ambiance helps to transform students from a state of stasis into dynamic individuals as it deterritorializes them from indoctrination by arborescent principles put forth by the ideological apparatuses of family, educational, and cultural institutions to an individual space where they can define themselves. This research paper attempts to look at Mona Lisa Smile and Dead Poets Society as visual texts that attempted to comment upon the rigidities that existed in America during the ‘Fifties’. The conclusion provides a comparison of the learning outcomes in the two sets of learners in the films selected and describes the reasons why students in Mona Lisa Smile metamorphosize into dynamic individuals committed to a definite career path.

Abstract Accurate structure elucidation of biologically active molecules is crucial for designing and developing new drugs, as well as for analyzing their pharmacological activity. In this study, density functional theory calculations are applied to explore the electronic structure and properties of phenethylamine derivatives, including Amphetamine, Methamphetamine, and Methylene Dioxy Methamphetamine(MDMA). The investigation encompasses various aspects such as geometry optimization, vibrational analysis, electronic properties, Molecular Electrostatic Potential analysis, and local and global descriptor analysis. Additionally, the study utilizes Natural Bond Orbital analysis and Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules to investigate the chemical bonding and charge density distributions of these compounds. Experimental techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopic analysis are employed in the range of 4000-400 $$cm^{-1}$$ c m - 1 and 4000-50 $$cm^{-1}$$ c m - 1 , respectively. Theoretical vibrational analysis with Potential Energy Distribution(PED) assignments is conducted, and the resulting frequencies are compared to experimental spectral data, revealing good agreement. By correlating various structural parameters with the pharmacological activity of each derivative, computational structure elucidation aids in understanding the unique actions of phenethylamine derivatives. The obtained results offer a comprehensive understanding of the molecular behavior and properties of these drugs, facilitating the development of new drugs and therapies for addiction and related disorders.

Abstract The level of phosphorus must be carefully monitored for proper and effective utilization of coal and coal ash. The phosphorus content needs to be assessed to optimize combustion efficiency and maintenance costs of power plants, ensure quality, and minimize the environmental impact of coal and coal ash. The detection of low levels of phosphorus in coal and coal ash is a significant challenge due to its complex chemical composition and low concentration levels. Effective monitoring requires accurate and sensitive equipment for the detection of phosphorus in coal and coal ash. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is a commonly used analytical technique for the determination of phosphorus content in coal and coal ash samples but proves challenging due to their comparatively weak fluorescence intensity. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) emerges as a promising alternative that is simple, rapid, and cost-effective. However, research in this area has been limited. Until now, only a limited number of research studies have outlined the estimation of major elements in coal, predominantly relying on FTIR spectroscopy. In this article, we explore the potential of FTIR spectroscopy combined with machine learning models (piecewise linear regression—PLR, partial least square regression—PLSR, random forest—RF, and support vector regression—SVR) for quantifying the phosphorus content in coal and coal ash. For model development, the methodology employs the mid-infrared absorption peak intensity levels of phosphorus-specific functional groups and anionic groups of phosphate minerals at various working concentration ranges of coal and coal ash. This paper proposes a multi-model estimation (using PLR, PLSR, and RF) approach based on FTIR spectral data to detect and rapidly estimate low levels of phosphorus in coal and its ash (R $$^2$$ 2 of 0.836, RMSE of 0.735 ppm, RMSE (%) of 34.801, MBE of − 0.077 ppm, MBE (%) of 5.499, and MAE of 0.528 ppm in coal samples and R $$^2$$ 2 of 0.803, RMSE of 0.676 ppm, RMSE (%) of 38.050, MBE of − 0.118 ppm, MBE (%) of 4.501, and MAE of 0.474 ppm in coal ash samples). Our findings suggest that FTIR combined with the multi-model approach combining PLR, PLSR, and RF regression models is a reliable tool for rapid and near-real-time measurement of phosphorus in coal and coal ash and can be suitably modified to model phosphorus content in other natural samples such as soil, shale, etc.

Abstract Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is known as the leading cause of disability and death globally. Anxiety disorders are also recognized as common types of mental disorders that substantially impact global health. Iran ranks among the countries with a high incidence of CAD and anxiety disorders. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the potential association and epidemiological aspects of anxiety and CAD within the population of Mashhad, the second most popoulos city in Iran. Methods The present study is based on extracted data from the Mashhad stroke and heart atherosclerotic disorder (MASHAD) study which is a 10-year prospective cohort study intended to assess the effects of various CAD risk factors among Mashhad city residents. Anxiety scores were assessed at the baseline using Beck Anxiety Inventory and individuals were classified based on the BAI 4-factor structure model which included autonomic, cognitive, panic, and neuromotor components. Accordingly, the association between baseline anxiety scores and the BAI four-factor model with the risk of CAD events was analyzed using SPSS software version 21. Results Based on the results, 60.4% of the sample were female, and 5.6% were classified as having severe forms of anxiety. Moreover, severe anxiety was more prevalent in females. Results showed a 1.7% risk of CAD (p-value

Robotic systems have become popular in modern surgical procedures. The option of telesurgery has effectively addressed geographic limitations. These systems are offered by numerous companies worldwide. In this review article, we discuss four models of robotic systems to determine their advantages: the Sina flex system from Iran and the da Vinci Xi, SP, and 5 systems from the USA. We compared aspects such as architecture, instruments, visualizations, clinical use, and costs. Our findings suggest that the da Vinci robot, which was introduced earlier than the Sina system, utilizes proprietary and limited-use EndoWrist instruments with diameters ranging from 8 to 12 mm and features advanced imaging capabilities, including three-dimensional optical, tomographic, and fluorescence imaging. It is well established and widely utilized in various surgical procedures. Conversely, the Sina flex system employs single-use 5 mm instruments and is equipped with two-dimensional optical imaging as a standard, with optional three-dimensional and fluorescence imaging upgrades available. Despite its affordability, the Sina flex system is relatively new and has not yet been clinically tested. Additionally, the Sina flex system is more user-friendly.

Abstract Acclimation to crop niches for thousands of years has made indigenous rice cultivars better suited for stress-prone environments. Still, their response to UV-B resiliency is unknown. 38 rice landraces were grown in cemented pots in a randomised block design with three replicates under open field conditions in Sambalpur University in the wet season of 2022. Half of the plants in each of the cultivars were administered UV-B radiation at the panicle emergence stage in an adjustable UV-B chamber permitting sunlight, and the effects of the stress on various morpho-physiological features, such as spikelet sterility, flag leaf photosynthetic and flavonoid pigment contents, and lipid peroxidation activities, were estimated for calibration of stress resistance. The experiment identified Swarnaprabha and Lalkain as the most sensitive and resilient to stress respectively, and the differential response between them was further revealed in the expression of genes related to UV-B sensitivity. Subject to the stress, Swarnaprabha exhibited symptoms of injuries, like leaf burns, and a higher loss of various photosynthetic parameters, such as pigment contents, SPAD and Fv/Fm, ETR and qP values, while NPQ increased only in Lalkain. Exposure to UV-B increased the total phenolic and flavonoid contents in Lalkain while depressing them in Swarnaprabha. Such an effect amounted to a higher release of fluorescent energy in the latter. The levels of expression of gene families controlling flavonoid activation and UV-B signal transduction, such as OsWRKY, OsUGT, OsRLCK, OsBZIP, OsGLP, and CPD photolyase were similar in both the cultivars in the control condition. However, exposure to UV-B stress overexpressed them in resilient cultivars only. The magnitude of expression of the genes and the impact of the stress on photosynthetic parameters, phenolic compounds and pubescent hair structure at the panicle emergence stage could be valid indicators among indigenous rice for UV-B tolerance.

Shubham Kanaujiya,1,&ast; Dilip Kumar Arya,1,&ast; Prashant Pandey,1 Sneha Singh,2 Giriraj Pandey,1 Shabnam Anjum,3 Md Meraj Anjum,1 Daoud Ali,4 Saud Alarifi,4 Vijayakumar MR,1 Sri Sivakumar,2 Saurabh Srivastava,5 PS Rajinikanth1 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India; 2Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur, India; 3Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 5Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: PS Rajinikanth, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India, Email psrajinikanth222@gmail.comBackground: The healing of burn wounds is a complicated physiological process that involves several stages, including haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling to rebuild the skin and subcutaneous tissue integrity. Recent advancements in nanomaterials, especially nanofibers, have opened a new way for efficient healing of wounds due to burning or other injuries.Methods: This study aims to develop and characterize collagen-decorated, bilayered electrospun nanofibrous mats composed of PVP and PVA loaded with Resveratrol (RSV) and Ampicillin (AMP) to accelerate burn wound healing and tissue repair.Results: Nanofibers with smooth surfaces and web-like structures with diameters ranging from 200 to 400 nm were successfully produced by electrospinning. These fibres exhibited excellent in vitro properties, including the ability to absorb wound exudates and undergo biodegradation over a two-week period. Additionally, these nanofibers demonstrated sustained and controlled release of encapsulated Resveratrol (RSV) and Ampicillin (AMP) through in vitro release studies. The zone of inhibition (ZOI) of PVP-PVA-RSV-AMP nanofibers against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) was found 31± 0.09 mm and 12± 0.03, respectively, which was significantly higher as compared to positive control. Similarly, the biofilm study confirmed the significant reduction in the formation of biofilms in nanofiber-treated group against both S. aureus and E. coli. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis proved the encapsulation of RSV and AMP successfully into nanofibers and their compatibility. Haemolysis assay (%) showed no significant haemolysis (less than 5%) in nanofiber-treated groups, confirmed their cytocompatibility with red blood cells (RBCs). Cell viability assay and cell adhesion on HaCaT cells showed increased cell proliferation, indicating its biocompatibility as well as non-toxic properties. Results of the in-vivo experiments on a burn wound model demonstrated potential burn wound healing in rats confirmed by H&E-stained images and also improved the collagen synthesis in nanofibers-treated groups evidenced by Masson-trichrome staining. The ELISA assay clearly indicated the efficient downregulation of TNF-alpha and IL-6 inflammatory biomarkers after treatment with nanofibers on day 10.Conclusion: The RSV and AMP-loaded nanofiber mats, developed in this study, expedite burn wound healing through their multifaceted approach. Keywords: electrospinning, nanofiber, resveratrol, ampicillin, burn wound healing, collagen

Lubrication is one aspect that must be paid attention to, remembering that if there is a delay in lubrication or imperfect lubrication, it will result in damage to the parts that rub together. Low lubricating oil pressure is one of the factors causing imperfect lubrication in the engine. The purpose of lubrication for the performance of the main engine is to reduce friction between other components of the main engine. This research was carried out at MV. Manalagi Dasa, the method used in this research was the Fishbone Diagram. The problem formulation of this research is what causes an increase in the temperature of the lubricating oil on the main motor and what is the impact of increasing the temperature of the lubricating oil on the main motor. Based on research that has been carried out, there are several factors that cause less than optimal lubrication of the oil cooler on the main engine, namely engine factors including damage to gaskets, human factors, namely the lack of understanding of the driver about the lo cooler, operational and maintenance method factors, namely incompatibility in implementing the PMS (Plan Maintenance System) as well as environmental factors, namely dirty sea chest filters. Efforts made include repairing or replacing gaskets on the lo cooler plate, the importance of the machinist's understanding of the lo cooler, implementing PMS (Plan Maintenance System), and cleaning the sea chest filter.

Context: Psychotic symptoms in patients with medical illnesses have been overlooked and have been understudied. It is important to understand the profile of such patients to facilitate early identification by the treating clinicians and to initiate appropriate referrals to consultation–liaison psychiatry (CLP). Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate the sociodemographic and clinical profile of inpatients with psychotic disorders referred to CLP services in a general hospital. Settings and Design: This was a retrospective record-based study conducted at the Department of Psychiatry in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Kochi, South India. Materials and Methods: The records of inpatients referred to psychiatry from April 2018 to April 2021 were obtained. Patients with psychotic disorders (organic and substance-induced psychotic disorders, schizophrenia, schizotypal, and delusional disorders) were included. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics and independent samples t-test were employed for data analysis. Results: We obtained the records of 50 patients with a diagnosis of psychotic disorders from April 2018 to April 2021. The mean age of our sample was 50.86 ± 18.94 years, and the majority were females (54%). The most common reasons for referral were medication adjustment (44%) and agitation (28%). Organic delusional disorder was the most common diagnosis (28%). Only 54% of the subjects followed up in psychiatry as compared to 78% of subjects who followed up in medical departments after discharge. Conclusions: Psychotic disorders are frequently noted in patients admitted with medical illnesses in a general hospital setup. It is important for clinicians in nonpsychiatric divisions of a general hospital to be aware of the profile of such patients to ensure timely detection of symptoms and initiate appropriate referrals to the CLP team.

Abstract Background Exploring the relationship between oxygen supply and myelin damage would benefit from a simultaneous quantification of myelin and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the brain’s white matter (WM). To validate an analytical method for quantifying both CBF and myelin content in the WM using dynamic [11C]PiB positron emission tomography (PET). Methods A test-retest study was performed on eight healthy subjects who underwent two consecutive dynamic [11 C]PiB-PET scans. Three quantitative approaches were compared: simplified reference tissue model 2 (SRTM2), LOGAN graphical model, and standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR). The sensitivity of methods to the size of the region of interest was explored by simulating lesion masks obtained from 36 subjects with multiple sclerosis. Reproducibility was assessed using the relative difference and interclass correlation coefficient. Repeated measures correlations were used to test for cross-correlations between metrics. Results Among the CBF measures, the relative delivery (R1) of the simplified reference tissue model 2 (SRTM2) displayed the best reproducibility in the white matter, with a strong influence of the size of regions analyzed, the test-retest variability being below 10% for regions above 68 mm3 in the supratentorial white matter. [11C]PiB PET-derived proxies of CBF demonstrated lower perfusion of white matter compared to grey matter with an overall ratio equal to 1.71 ± 0.09 when the SRTM2-R1 was employed. Tissue binding in the white matter was well estimated by the Logan graphical model through estimation of the distribution volume ratio (LOGAN-DVR) and SRTM2 distribution volume ratio (SRTM2-DVR), with test-retest variability being below 10% for regions exceeding 106 mm3 for LOGAN-DVR and 300 mm3 for SRTM2-DVR. SRTM2-DVR provided a better contrast between white matter and grey matter. The interhemispheric variability was also dependent on the size of the region analyzed, being below 10% for regions above 103 mm3 for SRTM2-R1 and above 110 mm3 for LOGAN-DVR. Whereas the 1 to 8-minute standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR1-8) showed an intermediary reproducibility for CBF assessment, SUVR0-2 for perfusion or SUVR50-70 for tissue binding showed poor reproducibility and correlated only mildly with SRTM2-R1 and LOGAN-DVR estimations respectively. Conclusions [11C]PiB PET imaging can simultaneously quantify perfusion and myelin content in WM diseases associated with focal lesions. For longitudinal studies, SRTM2-R1 and DVR should be preferred over SUVR for the assessment of regional CBF and myelin content, respectively. Trial registration European Union Clinical Trials Register EUDRACT; EudraCT Number: 2008-004174-40; Date: 2009-03-06; https//www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu ; number 2008-004174-40.

Abstract Coldwater species are challenged with increasing water temperatures and fluctuations over their upper thermal limits. This study evaluated the potential of acclimation to higher temperature and dietary antioxidants capacity to mitigate the adverse effects of heat shocks in rainbow trout. To this end, rainbow trout fingerlings were acclimated at optimal (14 °C) and high (20 °C) temperatures and fed on selenium (5 mg/kg) and polyphenol (2 g/kg) supplemented diets for 60 days and then were exposed to heat shocks by increasing water temperature up to 30 °C. Growth performance, survival rate, haemato-immunological parameters, and expression of HSP70α, HSP70β, HSP90β, and IL-1β genes were measured to evaluate the hypothesises. The rainbow trout acclimated to 20 °C and fed on antioxidants supplemented diets showed a significantly higher aftershock survival rate. Moreover, fish acclimated to higher temperature showed higher red blood cell counts as well as serum total protein and albumin during the acclimation trial and heat shocks phase. Acclimation to higher temperature and feeding on antioxidants remarkably enhanced fish immune and antioxidant capacity in comparison to fish adapted to cold water and fed on the basal diet measured by improved respiratory burst and lysozyme activities and upregulation of IL-1β expression during exposure of fish to heat shocks. Furthermore, fish acclimated to higher temperature, especially those fed on antioxidant supplemented diets, showed lower expression levels of HSPs genes during the heat shock phase, indicating that high heat shocks were less stressful for these fish in comparison to cold water acclimated fish. This finding was also supported by lower cortisol levels during heat shocks in fish acclimated to higher temperature. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that acclimation to higher temperature and/or fed on diets supplemented by selenium and polyphenol, can help to mitigate the adverse effects of the heat shock in rainbow trout.

Abstract The phenomenon of contagious itch, observed in both humans and rodents, remains a topic of ongoing debate concerning its modulators and underlying pathways. This study delves into the relationship between contagious itch and familiar olfactory cues, a non-visual factor contributing to this intriguing behavior. Our findings showed that contagious itch in observer mice occurs during physical interaction with the cagemate itch-demonstrator but not with a stranger demonstrator or in a non-physical encounter condition. Notably, itch-experienced observer mice displayed an increased contagious itch behavior, highlighting the relevance of itch-associated memory in this phenomenon. Furthermore, anosmic observer mice, whether itch-naïve or itch-experienced, displayed no contagious itch behavior. These results demonstrate that the familiar olfactory cues, specifically cagemate body odors, are required for contagious itch behaviors in mice. In line with these behavioral findings, our study reveals increased activity in brain regions associated with olfaction, emotion, and memory during contagious itch, including the olfactory bulb, the amygdala, the hypothalamus, and the hippocampus, with this activity diminished in anosmic mice. In conclusion, our study unveils the critical role of familiar olfactory cues in driving contagious itch in mice, shedding light on the interplay between social factors, sensory perception, and memory in this phenomenon.

Abstract Cisplatin (CDDP) is a widely used first-line chemotherapeutic drug in various cancers. However, CDDP resistance is frequently observed in cancer patients. Therefore, it is required to evaluate the molecular mechanisms associated with CDDP resistance to improve prognosis among cancer patients. Integrins are critical factors involved in tumor metastasis that regulate cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions. They modulate several cellular mechanisms including proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, polarity, and chemo resistance. Modification of integrin expression levels can be associated with both tumor progression and inhibition. Integrins are also involved in drug resistance of various solid tumors through modulation of the tumor cell interactions with interstitial matrix and extracellular matrix (ECM). Therefore, in the present review we discussed the role of integrin protein family in regulation of CDDP response in tumor cells. It has been reported that integrins mainly promoted the CDDP resistance through interaction with PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and WNT signaling pathways. They also regulated the CDDP mediated apoptosis in tumor cells. This review paves the way to suggest the integrins as the reliable therapeutic targets to improve CDDP response in tumor cells.

Background and Aim: Colic is the primary problem affecting equestrian care worldwide. The primary cause of colic is digestive diseases; however, they can also affect organs from different systems in the abdominal region. In addition to a prior history of the disease and its treatment, risk factors may be assessed to determine the etiology of the disease in horses without or with a history of colic. This study aimed to present a summary of the incidence, risk factors, and medical procedures for colic in horses. Materials and Methods: Based on owner reports, 223 horses in Tuban, Indonesia, suspected of having colic were investigated. During the investigation of clinical parameters, investigators went door-to-door with interested horse owners to gather information about potential risk factors related to equine colic. Information on horses diagnosed with colic was obtained from the medical records of treatment. A Chi-square test was used to investigate the potential association between the risk factors, medical protocol, and the outcome of colic in horses. Results: Of the 187 cases, spasmodic colic was the most common (48.13%), but 17 (9.09%) had no definitive diagnosis. Poor body condition scores (χ2 = 58.73; p < 0.001), wheat bran feeding (χ2 = 26.79; p < 0.001), concentrate (χ2 = 10.66; p < 0.01), less access to water (χ2 = 128.24; p < 0.001), recurrence of colic (χ2 = 85.64; p < 0.001), no deworming program (χ2 = 54.76; p < 0.001), the presence of gastrointestinal parasites (χ2 = 56.79; p < 0.001), stressed physical activity (χ2 = 28.53; p < 0.001), and summer season (χ2 = 7.83; p < 0.01) were the risk factors for colic. We further reported that 185 (98.93%) patients who received the following medical interventions recovered: injection of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was necessary, Vitamin B complex (χ2 = 39.98; p < 0.001), fluid therapy (χ2 = 92.99; p < 0.001), and gastric intubation (χ2 = 4.09; p < 0.05). Conclusion: The importance of colic was demonstrated in 187 (83.86%) of the 223 horses investigated in Tuban, Indonesia, documented. In this study, recommendations for medical procedures when colic risk factors have been determined are presented.

Background Radial head arthroplasty allows a high degree of customizability, and implant polarity has emerged as an important variable. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate differences in functional and clinical outcomes between patients receiving monopolar and bipolar radial head prosthetic implants. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were employed, and 65 articles were identified in three databases. Twelve articles contained non-English or insufficient text and were consequently excluded, and 20 others did not contain sufficient data or follow-up. The remaining 33 articles were qualitatively and quantitatively reviewed. Results In total, 33 populations were identified, with 809 unduplicated patients: 565 with monopolar and 244 with bipolar implants. In these respective patients, the mean follow-up was 40.2 and 56.9 months. Average Mayo Elbow Performance Score were 86.7 and 87.4 (P=0.80), respectively; average Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores were 17.9 and 14.7 (P=0.47), and average final flexion/extension arcs were 119.4° and 118.7° (P=0.48). Revision rates were 4.07% and 6.56%, while complication rates were 19.65% and 20.08% in the respective monopolar and bipolar patients. These increased relative risks associated with bipolar implants were not significant. Conclusions Radial head implant polarity does not appear to affect functional outcomes. While bipolar prosthetic design may increase the risks of revision and complications, the increases were not significant. Level of evidence IV.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic, present in Indonesia for 17 months, has significantly impacted mental health, especially in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Studies in Europe reported a 17.9% to 60.3% increase in OCD symptom severity. Notably, no research in Indonesia has explored the pandemic’s effects on OCD patients. Lockdown measures in Indonesia may exacerbate symptoms, but some OCD patients benefit, finding relief from societal stigmatization and the opportunity to advise others on infection prevention. This review aims to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on OCD patients in Indonesia and discuss potential management strategies. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search, identifying studies, articles, and reports relevant to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on OCD patients in Indonesia. These sources were critically evaluated to provide a comprehensive overview. Results: This review reveals that the pandemic poses unique challenges to OCD patients in Indonesia. Lockdown measures may worsen symptoms, although some patients find relief from societal stigmatization. OCD patients can play a valuable role in advising others on infection prevention. Telemedicine, especially CBT, and medication adherence tools are crucial for effective management. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic affects OCD patients in Indonesia in various ways. It is essential to recognize how lockdown measures impact symptom severity and the opportunities for patients to contribute positively to society. Telemedicine and medication adherence tools are valuable for managing OCD during the pandemic. Addressing the needs of OCD patients and implementing effective strategies for their care during COVID-19 is essential in Indonesia.

Lipofibroadenoma (LFA) is an epithelial tumor. It has been seen rarely in the thymus, and only a handful of cases have been reported. LFA is usually seen in the anterior mediastinum and is defined as a coalescence of epithelial thymic, adipose, and fibrotic tissue. We present a 30-year-old female who presented due to an unrelated traffic accident. An incidental mass was found in her left anterior superior mediastinum. After performing a complete excision, a histologic examination of the excised mass revealed it to be LFA of the thymus, which is extremely rare. The follow-up period was uneventful. LFA is a slow-growing benign tumor and is very similar to fibroadenoma of the breast. The etiology and clinical findings are yet to be well-defined. It was only seen in men in the prior cases. But recent cases, including this one, have also reported female patients. The tumor is mainly observed in the anterior mediastinum, which was also the case in our patient. The gold standard of diagnosis is pathologic examination. Our examination showed strands and nests of thymic parenchyma, including Hassall corpuscles, which separated fibro adipose tissue. Thymectomy is the treatment of choice. It can be performed by either video-assisted thoracic surgery or open surgery. We performed open surgery. The most important prognostic factor for this tumor is staging.

This study aims to evaluate PT Gramedia Asri Media to find out whether the company's IT services meet the best standards of the ITIL V3 Service Operations framework. Service Operations focus includes Problem Management, Incident Management, Access Management, Request Fulfillment, and Event Management. Evaluation is carried out in four stages: planning, field inspection, reporting, and follow-up. The results indicate the maturity level of IT service implementation. For data collection, questionnaires were distributed to five people who were surveyed and interviewed with the heads of engineering services and support staff. The results show that the company's IT service maturity level is at level one. In addition, this research produced seventy suggestions for companies to improve their IT services. The results show that almost all suggestions were well received by the company, and some of them have been implemented at PT Gramedia Asri Media. However, of course, with the problems discovered from this research, there will be a desire to improve service and performance.

Abstract Background and Aims Medical staff have experienced anxiety, sleep disturbances, and suicide due to the COVID‐19 epidemic. Thus, this study examined the relationship between corona disease anxiety, sleep problems, and suicidal ideation in medical staff and how resiliency and cognitive flexibility mediate it. Methods This descriptive‐analytical cross‐sectional study examined medical staff. In 2022, participants were affiliated with Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Iran educational and treatment centers. Sampling was done at primary COVID‐19 treatment centers. Data was collected using validated instruments. Ethics were observed during data collecting. Results Path analysis was employed to test hypotheses. Analysis showed significant positive relationships between Corona disease anxiety and sleep disturbances (p = 0.001, β = 0.438) and suicidal ideation (p = 0.001, β = 0.310). Conversely, negative and significant associations were identified between resiliency and cognitive flexibility with sleep disturbances and suicidal ideation. Conclusions The study illustrates how medical staff's psychological health is linked to COVID‐19. High Corona disease anxiety causes sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. Resilience and cognitive flexibility modulated Corona disease anxiety, sleep problems, and suicidal thoughts. The comprehensive study focuses on medical staff mental health issues, suggesting targeted solutions.

BackgroundPathogenesis of seborrheic dermatitis involves lipid secretion by sebaceous glands, Malassezia colonization, and an inflammatory response with skin barrier disruption. Each of these pathways could be modulated by diet, obesity, and nutritional supplements. Current treatment options provide only temporary control of the condition; thus, it is essential to recognize modifiable lifestyle factors that may play a role in determining disease severity. ObjectiveThis study aimed to summarize published evidence on diet, nutritional supplements, alcohol, obesity, and micronutrients in patients with seborrheic dermatitis and to provide useful insights into areas of further research. MethodsA literature search of Scopus, PubMed, and MEDLINE (Ovid interface) for English language papers published between 1993 and 2023 was conducted on April 16, 2023. Case-control studies, cohort studies, and randomized controlled trials with 5 or more subjects conducted on adult participants (>14 years) were included, case reports, case series, and review papers were excluded due to insufficient level of evidence. ResultsA total of 13 studies, 8 case-control, 3 cross-sectional, and 2 randomized controlled trials, involving 13,906 patients were included. Seborrheic dermatitis was correlated with significantly increased copper, manganese, iron, calcium, and magnesium concentrations and significantly lower serum zinc and vitamin D and E concentrations. Adherence to the Western diet was associated with a higher risk for seborrheic dermatitis in female patients and an increased consumption of fruit was associated with a lower risk of seborrheic dermatitis in all patients. The prebiotic Triphala improved patient satisfaction and decreased scalp sebum levels over 8 weeks. Most studies find associations between regular alcohol use and seborrheic dermatitis, but the association between BMI and obesity on seborrheic dermatitis severity and prevalence is mixed. ConclusionsThis review sheds light on specific promising areas of research that require further study, including the need for interventional studies evaluating serum zinc, vitamin D, and vitamin E supplementation for seborrheic dermatitis. The negative consequences of a Western diet, alcohol use, obesity, and the benefits of fruit consumption are well known; however, to fully understand their specific relationships to seborrheic dermatitis, further cohort or interventional studies are needed. Trial RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42023417768; https://tinyurl.com/bdcta893

Background: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy. It has classically been described as having a bimodal incidence by age. We sought to identify whether the bimodal incidence distribution still exists for osteosarcoma using the SEER and NIS databases. Methods: Incidence rates of primary osteosarcoma between 2000–2021 were analyzed by age at diagnosis, year of occurrence, sex, and tumor site from the SEER Research Data, 17 Registries, Nov 2023 Sub (2000–2021). The incidence of cases in 35–64 year-olds and 65 and above was compared statistically to determine if there is an increased incidence in the later ages. Incidence of tumors of the long bones of the lower limbs from the NIS discharge database 2012–2019 was also analyzed for comparison. Results: Overall, 5,129 cases of osteosarcoma were reported in the SEER database. Across the 22 calendar year span, a consistent first peak appeared in the second decade of life. There was no consistent second peak in the 35+ age group. There were 86,100 discharges with long bone tumors analyzed in the NIS data which exhibited nearly identical patterns. Conclusions: Our analysis shows that the incidence of osteosarcoma is no longer bimodally distributed but rather unimodally distributed.

Direct imaging of semi-solid lipids, such as myelin, is of great interest as a noninvasive biomarker of neurodegenerative diseases. Yet, the short T2 relaxation times of semi-solid lipid protons hamper direct detection through conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pulse sequences. In this study, we examined whether a three-dimensional ultrashort echo time (3D UTE) sequence can directly acquire signals from membrane lipids. Membrane lipids from red blood cells (RBC) were collected from commercially available blood as a general model of the myelin lipid bilayer and subjected to D2O exchange and freeze-drying for complete water removal. Sufficiently high MR signals were detected with the 3D UTE sequence, which showed an ultrashort T2* of ∼77–271 µs and a short T1 of ∼189 ms for semi-solid RBC membrane lipids. These measurements can guide designing UTE-based sequences for direct in vivo imaging of membrane lipids.

Objectives: As populations age globally, understanding the dynamics that influence the well-being of older individuals become increasingly crucial. The research employs a comprehensive approach to unravel the multifaceted interplay between social engagements and subjective health perceptions of older Indians, with a special focus on gender differences. Subjects and methods: This study used data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) wave 1, 2017–18 with a total sample of 30,533 older adults aged 60 years and above. Bivariate analysis, chi-square tests and unadjusted and adjusted average marginal effects from logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between social engagements and subjective health among older adults, stratified by gender. Results: The prevalence of poor health status decreased with higher frequency of social networks among both men (pp. (percentage point) = 6.1; CI (Confidence Interval): 10.6, 1.6) and women (pp. = 9.2; CI: 14.9, 3.4). The adjusted average marginal effects demonstrate that with an increase in the overall score of social engagement, the likelihood of poor health is almost reduced by half. For men, the prevalence of poor health was 9.8 pp. (95 % CI: 13.7, 5.8), while for women, it was 9.3 pp. (95 % CI: 15.2, 3.1). Conclusion: Gendered perspectives unveil unique patterns, highlighting how societal expectations and roles assigned to each gender may influence the subjective health perceptions of older individuals. This study adds to the expanding knowledge base to enhance the well-being and fulfillment of aging populations, considering the complex interplay of social dynamics and gendered perspectives.

Introduction: Improper antibiotic use triggers outbreaks of hospital-acquired VRE infections. Relevant studies were gathered from Scopus, and PubMed. Over two decades, prevalence of VRE in humans and animals grew from 0.05 % to 99.0 % globally and from 1.0 % to 45.6 % in India. Identifying VRE at the species level helps identify acquired/intrinsic resistance. Results and conclusion: VRE infections, especially bloodstream infections, inflict significant mortality (60-70%-global; 23%-India) and economic burden ($539 million). Linezolid and daptomycin are frequently used without adequate clinical trial evidence. India lacks studies on prevalence, mortality and cost, which needs political will, public-private partnership, and prioritizing public health.

The present investigation examines geothermal and solar energy for electricity generation. The proposed cycle can generate electricity independently or jointly using geothermal and solar sources. Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs) have been employed due to their positive effects, including improved efficiency, comprehensive performance and economic analysis, adaptability, and the benefits of using ORCs with refrigerants in the hybrid power generation system. The proposed system is designed to include two evaporators, each working at distinct temperature levels, with one running at a high temperature and the other at a low temperature. Consequently, the system is outfitted with a pair of turbines functioning at elevated and moderate pressures. The analysis of the performance of the suggested cycle was conducted considering both energy and exergy perspectives; this leads to the determination of the efficiency of the first and second laws of thermodynamics. As a result, the exergy loss amount was calculated, and the exergy utilization efficiency for each component was determined. To assess the financial implications of the end product, a comprehensive study including electricity and exergy economic factors was conducted. A sensitivity analysis for many different aspects of the design factors and a parametric study, such as the difference in temperature at the pinch point and the temperature of the evaporator and their effects on energy and exergy performance, as well as the cost, are done. Findings revealed that the high-pressure turbine is directly related to the highest second-law efficiency. In contrast, the low-pressure turbine had the highest value for the exergy economic component. The average cost of energy production, obtained by evaluating power generation through low-pressure and high-pressure turbines, was calculated as 27.23 S/Gj. The system presented in this article can expand and adapt to diverse case analyses and can be effectively applied under various climatic conditions.

Background The study summarizes the potential use of immunotherapy for BRAF-mutated papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) by analyzing the immune profile of City of Hope PTC patient samples and comparing them to the thyroid dataset available in the TCGA database.Materials and methods PTC cases with available formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded archived tumor tissue were identified. RNA was extracted from the tumor tissue and analyzed by NanoString to evaluate their immune gene expression profile. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of immune suppressive genes and lymphocytic infiltration into the tumor tissue. Thyroid cancer cell lines (MDA-T32, MDA-T68, MDA-T85, and MDA-T120) were used to determine the correlation between the BRAF inhibition and CD274 expression.Results The study found that PTC cases with BRAF mutations had higher expression of immune checkpoint markers CD274 and CTLA4, as well as higher tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, particularly CD4+T cells. Additionally, the study identified immunosuppressive markers expressed by tumor cells like CD73, CD276, and CD200 that could be targeted for immunotherapy. Further experiments using PTC cell lines lead to the conclusion that CD274 expression correlates with BRAF activity and that inhibitors of BRAF could potentially be used in combination with immunotherapy to treat PTC.Conclusions These findings suggest that PTC cases with BRAF mutations or high expression may be correlated with an immune hot signature and could benefit from immunotherapeutic strategies.

This paper presents an innovative calibration method for car-following (CF) models in the Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO) using real-world trajectory data from a 1.5 km signalized urban corridor, captured by roadside radars. By applying a sophisticated track-level association and fusion methodology, the study extends trajectory analysis beyond individual radar fields of view. The enhanced data is then utilized to refine the Krauss, IDM, and W99 CF models within SUMO, addressing the literature gap by integrating SUMO into the calibration loop, thereby accommodating the simulator's integration scheme and any model adaptations. The research identifies that default SUMO models tend to exhibit shorter time headways compared to real-world data, with calibration effectively reducing this discrepancy. Moreover, the W99 model, despite its unrealistic acceleration profiles when calibrated without considering acceleration, most accurately captures the higher-end energy consumption distribution. Conversely, the IDM model, with its default parameters, provides the closest approximation to observed acceleration behaviors, highlighting the nuanced performance of CF models in traffic simulation and their implications for energy consumption estimation. Detailed results of optimized parameters for each CF model are provided in appendix in addition to distribution information that may be useful for other modelers to use directly or other datasets to be compared in the future (including expansion of the work to include vehicle classification).

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogenous disease that disproportionately affects Black women. TNBC outcomes among Black women are dismal secondary to multiple factors, such as poor healthcare accessibility resulting in delays in diagnosis, and aggressive disease biology in addition to a pro-tumor immune microenvironment (TME). Black women with breast cancer exhibit elevated levels of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines, and a pro-tumorigenic TME with higher immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs), M2 macrophages and exhausted CD8+ T cells. We have shown that the combined use of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) ligands with interferon-α (chemokine modulation: CKM) is able to enrich the tumor with CD8+ T cells, while not increasing immunosuppressive cells. Recent clinical trials have revealed the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in rejuvenizing exhausted CD8+ T cells. We hypothesize that strategies to modulate the TME by enriching chemokines that attract CD8+T cells followed by reversal of CD8+ T cell exhaustion (ICI), when added to standard treatment, could potentially improve clinical outcomes, and mitigate the racial disparities in TNBC outcomes between Black and White Women.

Teknologi 3D Printing digunakan untuk pembuatan produk suku cadang mesin untuk membantu maintenance (pemeliharaan). Sebelumnya proses maintenance berlangsung lama (> 4 hari), karena menunggu pembuatan sampel suku cadang roda gigi dari vendor. Tujuan penelitian ini membuat produk prototype roda gigi dan waktu proses yang cepat dengan menentukan parameter yang ideal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Multimedia Development Life Cycle yang terdiri dari tiga tahapan. Tahap 1: pembuatan konsep (concept) dan Perancangan (design); Pada tahap 2: pengumpulan bahan dan pembuatan produk dan tahap 3: testing dan distribution. Penelitian ini dengan dua percobaan pencetakan menggunakan parameter fill density dan layer height. Hasil cetakan produk prototype dengan parameter fill density menghasilkan kepadatan isi 60% dan layer height 0,1 mm menunjukkan kekuatan lebih baik, sehingga tidak pecah. Proses pencetakan dengan layer height 0,1 membutuhkan waktu 228 menit, sehingga pembuatan produk lebih cepat dibandingkan sebelumnya empat hari sehingga proses pemeliharaan lebih cepat dari sebelumnya.

The rise in the population and rapid industrialization has resulted in a rise in the global energy consumption. In order to minimize the load on the conventional energy sources, various studies are being conducted for the production of biofuels by hydrothermal operations. Unlike conventional processes of biofuel production, wet biomass can be directly utilised without drying in turn reducing the energy consumption. Feedstocks such as agricultural residue, forest residue, energy crops, algae, sludge, litter and food waste can be utilised for the production of biofuels. The operation intensities (temperature and pressure) can be varied from pressurized hot water to supercritical water. Hydrothermal operations depending on the operating parameters are further subcategorised into four types namely wet torrefaction (WT), hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and hydrothermal gasification (HTG). Even though the operating conditions of wet torrefaction and hydrothermal carbonization lie in similar categories, the difference is clearly visible in the level of carbonization. Due to the wide range of operating temperature and pressure, mainly three different products are produced through hydrothermal operations. The temperature range for wet torrefaction can be limited between 150 and 220 °C, whereas the HTC process can be between 200 and 260 °C. At higher temperatures (260 – 370 °C) in hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), increased isomerization, depolymerization and repolymerization of organic compounds within the biomass occurred, causing liquid product (bio-oil) to be formed as the major product. Hydrothermal gasification can be further subcategorised into three types: namely aqueous phase refining, near critical water gasification and supercritical water gasification (SCWG). This paper has reviewed different hydrothermal operations based on biofuel production from different biomass.

Summary: Background: The interaction between iron status and malaria is incompletely understood. We evaluated longitudinal changes in iron homeostasis in volunteers enrolled in malaria volunteer infection studies (VIS) and in Malaysian patients with falciparum and vivax malaria. Methods: We retrieved data and samples from 55 participants (19 female) enrolled in malaria VIS, and 171 patients (45 female) with malaria and 30 healthy controls (13 female) enrolled in clinical studies in Malaysia. Ferritin, hepcidin, erythropoietin, and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) were measured by ELISA. Findings: In the VIS, participants’ parasitaemia was correlated with baseline mean corpuscular volume (MCV), but not iron status (ferritin, hepcidin or sTfR). Ferritin, hepcidin and sTfR all increased during the VIS. Ferritin and hepcidin normalised by day 28, while sTfR remained elevated. In VIS participants, baseline ferritin was associated with post-treatment increases in liver transaminase levels. In Malaysian patients with malaria, hepcidin and ferritin were elevated on admission compared to healthy controls, while sTfR increased following admission. By day 28, hepcidin had normalised; however, ferritin and sTfR both remained elevated. Interpretation: Our findings demonstrate that parasitaemia is associated with an individual's MCV rather than iron status. The persistent elevation in sTfR 4 weeks post-infection in both malaria VIS and clinical malaria may reflect a causal link between malaria and iron deficiency. Funding: National Health and Medical Research Council (Program Grant 1037304, Project Grants 1045156 and 1156809; Investigator Grants 2016792 to BEB, 2016396 to JCM, 2017436 to MJG); US National Institute of Health (R01-AI116472-03); Malaysian Ministry of Health (BP00500420).