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A report from the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences discusses a novel variant of the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) with the RFLP 1-4-4 pattern and lineage 1C, isolated in China in 2021. Pathogenicity experiments showed high mortality rates in infected piglets, with inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels upregulated. The study suggests the need for updated vaccine strategies and joint surveillance to prevent further spread of this variant. The research was funded by various organizations in China and highlights the importance of understanding and controlling PRRSV variants to protect pig populations. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Iowa State University discusses strategies and practices used in the United States to control and eliminate Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) virus outbreaks from 2019 to 2021. The study found a diversity of biomanagement practices among 86 herd outbreaks, with varying outcomes in terms of time to stability, time to baseline productivity, and total production losses. The research highlights the inconsistency in herd closure strategies, interventions, and biomanagement practices during PRRS outbreaks, indicating a need for further study and standardization in the field. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Henan Agricultural University in China have reported on the antiviral activity of Baicalin against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS). Baicalin demonstrated potent anti-PRRSV activity in vitro, inhibiting virus replication and affecting multiple stages of the virus life cycle. The study suggests that Baicalin could be used as an inhibitor of PRRSV infection, providing a basis for further clinical applications and in vivo studies in swine. This research was supported by the Key R&D Project of Henan Province and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Lanzhou University in the People's Republic of China focused on the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) and its nonstructural protein 2 (NSP2). The research found that NSP2 promotes the autophagic degradation of the host protein SH3KBP1, which hinders the host's innate immune response. This study sheds light on how PRRSV interferes with the immune system and provides insights for developing novel attenuated vaccines against PRRSV. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Illinois focused on Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), a disease that can lead to adverse outcomes in piglets. Researchers found that deleting a specific gene in pigs can protect fetuses from PRRS infection, potentially reducing economic losses in agriculture. The study highlights a promising approach to addressing PRRS-related reproductive illness. For more information, readers can refer to the published research in Veterinary Microbiology. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from South China Agricultural University have published a report on Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), a disease caused by the PRRS virus that impacts the global swine industry. Despite efforts to develop effective prevention and control strategies, treatments with proven efficacy are still lacking due to incomplete understanding of the infection. The study discusses recent advances in anti-PRRS therapies targeting different stages of the viral life cycle and proposes new intervention targets and research approaches to enhance current strategies. This peer-reviewed research aims to contribute to the control of PRRS in the future. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Henan Agricultural University in central China focused on the molecular detection and genetic characteristics of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The research analyzed 365 clinical samples from diseased pigs in Henan and Shanxi provinces, identifying 62 positive cases of PRRSV. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the circulation of different PRRSV strains in the region, with a high prevalence of specific antibodies against PRRSV in pig serum samples. The study provides valuable insights into the epidemiology and evolution of PRRSV in central China. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Southwest University in Chongqing, China, compared the pathogenicity and host responses of two emerging strains of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in piglets. The research found that the SD53 strain induced milder clinical symptoms and less tissue damage compared to the HuN4 strain, despite similar replication rates. The study's findings shed light on the immunopathological responses triggered by these PRRSV variants, providing valuable insights for controlling PRRSV infections in the swine industry. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Foshan University in the People's Republic of China analyzed the genetic variation of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) strains in Vietnam from 2007 to 2023. The research examined 271 PRRSV protein sequences and found high homologies in nucleotide and amino acid sequences. The study identified mutation sites in PRRSV-2 strains and concluded that PRRSV-1 strains in Vietnam belong to subtype 1, while PRRSV-2 strains are categorized into sublineages L1A, L5A, and L8E. The findings aim to inform prevention and control measures for PRRS and vaccine development in Vietnam. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Lanzhou University in China have developed a chimeric strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus that offers cross-protection against two prevalent strains, HP-PRRSV and NADC30-like PRRSV. This novel vaccine, named rGD-SX-5U2, showed promising results in both in vitro and in vivo experiments, demonstrating improved protection and reduced disease severity. The study highlights the importance of developing vaccines that can provide broad-spectrum protection against multiple strains of PRRSV, offering a significant advancement in disease control and prevention efforts. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Shandong Agricultural University in Tai'an, People's Republic of China, focused on the inhibitory effects of tylvalosin tartrate on the replication stage of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) life cycle. Tylvalosin tartrate, a macrolide antibiotic, was found to suppress the replication of PRRSV in swine herds, providing new insights into the treatment of PRRS. The research, which has been peer-reviewed, sheds light on the potential use of tylvalosin tartrate in controlling this deadly disease that affects pigs and impacts the global swine industry. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Shihezi University in China have discovered that a small RNA derived from honeysuckle, known as miR2911, can inhibit the replication of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The study identified six targets of miR2911 within the PRRSV genome and demonstrated that miR2911 significantly inhibits viral replication by targeting specific regions of the virus. These findings provide new insights for the development of anti-PRRSV drugs. The research was funded by the Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Animal Biomedicine and the Xinjiang Corps Guiding Science And Technology Plan Project. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers from China West Normal University explores a seamless cloning approach for constructing a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) expression vector. The researchers aimed to overcome the challenges of amplifying the full-length genome of PRRSV and acquiring a full-length gene expression vector. By dividing the PRRSV genome into fragments and introducing appropriate restriction sites, the researchers were able to successfully construct the PRRSV expression vector using homologous recombination technology. This method proves to be effective for assembling a large number of fragments into the expression vector. The study was peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights into laboratory work in experimental biology. [Extracted from the article]

A report from China Agricultural University discusses the evolution and diversity of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in China. The PRRSV has caused significant economic losses in the global pork industry due to its contagiousness and genetic variability. China has seen the emergence of four distinct lineages of PRRSV-2 and occasional occurrences of PRRSV-1. The report highlights the historical context, epidemiological trends, and factors contributing to the diversification of PRRSV in China, as well as the implications for disease management and prevention strategies. Understanding the evolutionary pattern and factors behind PRRSV diversity is crucial for improving prevention and control measures in swine health management. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Kansas State University examined the effects of formaldehyde on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and Seneca Valley virus 1 (SVV1) in complete feed and soybean meal. The researchers found that formaldehyde reduced the concentration of viral RNA in both matrices, with greater reductions observed as the contact time with the mitigant increased. The study suggests that formaldehyde could be an effective tool in reducing viral contamination in pig feed. Further research is needed to determine the appropriate inclusion levels and application times for different viruses. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine Food Science and Engineering (ONIRIS) in France have conducted a study on the impact of swine influenza A virus (swIAV) on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection in alveolar macrophages (AMs). The study found that swIAV replication was abortive in AMs, causing cell death at high levels of infection. The presence of swIAV inhibited PRRSV replication in AMs, with an early induction of antiviral genes. The researchers concluded that there are complex interactions between swIAV and PRRSV in porcine AMs, and host factors such as sanitary status may play a role in modulating viral propagation. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Northwest A&F University in Shaanxi, People's Republic of China, discusses the findings of a study on the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The study used next-generation sequencing to examine the subgenome of the virus and found significant heterogeneity in its temporal kinetics and transcriptional control. The research also revealed the complexity of the virus's genetic material, highlighting the involvement of canonical, alternative, and non-canonical splicing events. The study concludes that these findings provide valuable insights into PRRSV transcription and suggest further exploration of the RNA-RNA interactome at viral replication sites. [Extracted from the article]

A report from China Agricultural University discusses the findings of research on the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The study reveals that the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) of the virus contains small upstream open reading frames (uORFs) that regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines. The researchers discovered that a specific uORF, uORF2, plays a role in PRRSV virulence by suppressing the expression of the primary open reading frame (ORF) and inducing higher levels of inflammatory cytokines. This research provides new insights into the biology and pathogenesis of PRRSV and sheds light on a novel viral factor that regulates cellular inflammation. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Foshan University in China discusses the genetic variation and recombination of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) gene in Thailand. The study analyzed 726 gene sequences from the NCBI database and found that both PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2 strains are prevalent in Thailand, with PRRSV-2 exhibiting wider distribution. The study also identified mutations and recombination events in the GP5 protein of the virus. These findings contribute to the understanding of PRRSV prevalence and genetic variation in Thailand, which can inform prevention and control strategies. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Zhejiang Normal University in China explores the molecular mechanism of autophagy in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. PRRSV is a significant pathogen that affects the global swine industry and has been shown to manipulate host cell processes, including autophagy, to facilitate its replication and survival. The study examines the complex role of autophagy during PRRSV infection, both as a defense mechanism of the host and as a tool exploited by the virus. The researchers aim to enhance our understanding of the relationship between autophagy and PRRSV, potentially leading to novel therapeutic approaches against this swine pathogen. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at South China Agricultural University investigated the antiviral effects of Eucalyptus essential oil (EEO) on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRSV). The study found that while EEO did not prevent viral infectivity, it did have a significant virucidal effect on PRRSV. When PRRSV-infected cells were treated with EEO, the survival rates of the cells increased and the titer of progeny virions decreased. The study concluded that EEO does not have a therapeutic effect on PRRSV infection, but it can effectively inactivate virus particles. This research provides insights for the development and use of EEO in treating PRRS. [Extracted from the article]

A report from the Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Guiyang, China discusses the co-infection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Haemophilus parasuis (HPS) in Kele piglets. The researchers conducted RNA sequencing on the lungs of piglets with single infections of PRRSV or HPS, as well as co-infections of both pathogens. They identified differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (DElncRNAs) and microRNAs (DEmiRNAs) in the co-infection group compared to the single infection groups. The study provides insight into the molecular mechanisms of resistance to PRRSV and HPS co-infection in Kele piglets. [Extracted from the article]

A preprint abstract from biorxiv.org discusses the challenges of controlling porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRSV) in the swine industry. The article emphasizes the importance of vaccination as a control strategy but notes that the effectiveness of vaccines can vary depending on the specific strains of PRRSV. The authors propose using metapopulation-based modeling to tailor vaccines to prevalent strains, which can reduce infections. However, they also suggest that using multiple vaccines may be more effective if strains vary in their response to vaccines. The article highlights the need for further investigation and optimization of vaccination strategies for PRRSV. [Extracted from the article]

A report from the Moredun Research Institute in Edinburgh, United Kingdom, discusses the impact of atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) infection on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) in pigs. The study found that APPV did not affect virological or immunological differences in PRRSV-infected groups, but it did increase the febrile response in pigs. Additionally, the research suggested that APPV co-infection may augment lung pathology. The study provides valuable insights into the understanding of coinfection outcomes in pigs. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Iowa State University explores the impact of weaning and vaccination on the enteric microbiome of pigs. The study used a cannulation model to collect ileum contents from pigs over time and analyzed the microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing. The results showed that vaccination was protective against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) challenge, regardless of other treatments. The study suggests that the cannulation model could be useful in studying the effects of weaning, vaccination, disease challenge, and antimicrobial administration on pig health and production. [Extracted from the article]

New research from Sichuan Agricultural University in Chengdu, China, explores the impact of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) on the reproductive system of male piglets. The study found that PRRSV infection affects the entire reproductive system, including Sertoli cells and spermatogonia. It also impairs the development of the blood-testis barrier (BTB), leading to decreased testosterone and anti-Mullerian hormone levels. The research highlights the need for further understanding of the pathological mechanisms of PRRSV and its impact on the swine industry. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Longyan University in Fujian, China, discusses the discovery of a highly pathogenic strain of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) in piglets. The strain, PRRSV2/CN/FJLX06/2021, is closely related to an MLV-like strain called HeN1201, which evolved from the highly pathogenic PRRSV vaccine virus HuN4-F112. The researchers found that piglets infected with PRRSV2/CN/FJLX06/2021 exhibited persistent high fever, higher viremia, interstitial pneumonia, and a higher mortality rate compared to those inoculated with the vaccine strain. The study suggests that PRRSV2/CN/FJLX06/2021 is an MLV-like strain that has evolved from HuN4-F112 and is highly pathogenic to piglets. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Guangxi University in Nanning, China discusses the emergence of a closely related human strain of parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5) in pigs with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS). The strain, named GX2020, belongs to group A and has a high amino acid identity (99.6%) with the AGS strain isolated from a human in the USA. The research highlights the zoonotic potential of PIV5 and emphasizes the need for enhanced surveillance in the future. This information is based on a peer-reviewed study published in Virology. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, discusses the identification of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) as a serum metabolic biomarker for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus clinical diagnosis. The study utilized a machine learning approach to integrate metabolomic and lipidomic serum analyses of clinical pig cohorts. The research found that PRRSV promoted LPA synthesis, leading to enhanced virus replication and immunosuppression. Targeting LPA showed promise as a novel antiviral strategy against PRRSV. This study provides a foundation for the prevention and control of PRRSV infections. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Beijing University of Agriculture in China discusses the development of a potential treatment for Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRSV), a virus that causes significant economic losses in the global swine industry. The researchers synthesized a dicoumarol-graphene oxide quantum dot (DIC-GQD) polymer that showed high anti-PRRSV activity by inhibiting the replication of the virus. The polymer was found to activate the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway, which plays a role in the immune response. Animal challenge experiments confirmed that DIC-GQDs effectively reduced clinical symptoms and pathological reactions in PRRSV-infected pigs. The findings suggest that DIC-GQDs hold promise as an alternative treatment for PRRSV infection. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Seoul National University in South Korea discusses the efficacy of a new porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-2 (PRRSV-2) modified live virus vaccine. The study evaluated the vaccine's effectiveness at three pig farms with respiratory disease caused by PRRSV-2 infection. The vaccinated groups showed significantly higher body weight and average daily weight gain compared to the unvaccinated groups. The vaccine also reduced the amount of PRRSV-2 genomic copies in the blood and decreased lung lesion severity. The research concludes that the new vaccine is effective in swine herds suffering from respiratory diseases caused by PRRSV-2 infection. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, China, has developed a novel strategy to combat Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRSV), a prevalent swine pathogen that has negatively impacted the global swine industry for nearly 30 years. The researchers created nanobody peptide conjugates (NPCs), which are fusion proteins combining PRRSV-specific nanobodies with CD163-derived peptides. These NPCs demonstrated the ability to bind to PRRSV and inhibit its replication in a dose-dependent manner. The study provides valuable insights into the structural characteristics of PRRSV proteins and offers a potential preventive measure against respiratory infectious agents like PRRSV. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Autonomous University San Luis Potosi in Mexico focused on the development of a new vaccine for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRSV). The researchers aimed to create a chimeric antigen that targeted specific epitopes from PRRSV and evaluated two test adjuvants to formulate a vaccine candidate. Layered double hydroxides (LDH) were chosen as delivery vehicles for the vaccine due to their biocompatibility and positive surface charge. The study found that the vaccine induced strong humoral responses in mice, with LDH as the delivery vehicle/adjuvant resulting in longer-lasting responses. The potential of LDH as a carrier for veterinary vaccines was discussed. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Seoul National University in South Korea discusses the importance of the sequential infection order of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in determining clinical outcomes. The study found that PRRSV had a potentiation effect on PCV2, leading to reduced growth performance and more severe clinical signs in pigs. The research concludes that the order of infection plays a significant role in the divergent clinical outcomes of these viruses. This study has been peer-reviewed and published in Veterinary Microbiology. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Yunnan Agricultural University in China have conducted a study on the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), a disease that has caused significant losses in the swine industry globally. The study used RNA sequencing and fluorescent in situ RNA hybridization techniques to analyze the gene expression profile of the PRRS virus in host cells. The findings suggest that the expression level of PRRS genes increases over time, and the host may respond to the infection through various genes, proteins, and pathways. The research aims to fill gaps in understanding PRRS and develop strategies for better control of the disease. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Foshan University in the People's Republic of China discusses the use of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to inhibit the replication of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV-2). The researchers focused on the NSP4 protein, which plays a role in viral replication. They found that overexpression of NSP4 enhanced PRRSV-2 replication, while siRNA targeting NSP4 inhibited replication. This research suggests that siRNA could be a potential candidate for further study and development of treatments for PRRSV-2. The study has been peer-reviewed and published in Veterinary Microbiology. [Extracted from the article]