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The subject of study in this article is the models, methods, and principles of organization of entire lifecycle of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a Service implemented with the use of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The purpose of this work is the improvement of the methodology of the deployment of dependable FPGA-based Artificial Intelligence as a Service by creating a complex of mutually agreed concept, principles, models, and methods considering the specifics of the use of heterogeneous computations of Artificial Intelligence and the possibility of realizing the unified protection of FPGA implementations. Tasks: to clarify the taxonomy of the dependability term within the proposed methodology; to propose the concept of deployment of dependable FPGA-based heterogeneous computations of Artificial Intelligence as a Service; to formulate the principle of tracing changes in FPGA projects and integrated environments during the entire lifecycle; to formulate the principle of unification of protection of FPGA implementations of heterogeneous computing of Artificial Intelligence as a Service; to formulate the principle of the product-service assessment of the availability of FPGA as a Service; and to discuss the promising directions of heterogeneous computations of AI. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. The existing concepts of dependable systems deployment are discussed. The concept of the deployment of computations of Artificial Intelligence as a Service, which is obtained based on the improvement of paradigms of the creation and deployment of dependable systems and services, is proposed. The principle of tracing of changes, which assumes the updating of requirements during the lifecycle of FPGA projects, is proposed. The principle of the unification of protection, which combines and joins the consideration of various unique features of the FPGA instance to protect the implementation and the set of cyberthreats for the service as a whole, is proposed. The principle of the product-service assessment, which considers parameters and indicators of availability, is proposed. The perspective of the progress of non-electronic mediums for heterogeneous computations with the use of a photonic implementations of Artificial Intelligence computations to ensure improved performance and reduced energy consumption is discussed. Conclusions. One of the main contributions of this research is that in the proposed methodology, the set of principles, models, and methods of deployment of Artificial Intelligence as a Service under conditions of changing requirements and integrated environments, and the need for mechanism of licensing protection of each instance of the system are developed, which allows to reduce model uncertainty by considering various stages of the lifecycle of dependable FPGA implementation using heterogeneous computations.

The subject of study in this article is modern penetration testing technologies, in which the test object is the implementation of a service based on a platform using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) resources. The goal of this study is to improve modern methods of penetration testing of services provided by FPGA as a Service (FaaS) to find vulnerabilities for further fixing and increasing the level of services security and trust. Task: to analyze the technological capabilities for the development of FPGA as a Service; to analyze possible threats for FPGA as a Service platform; to analyze the structure of the FPGA as a Service platform and the peculiarities of attacks on it; to analyze options for using the penetration testing standard; to propose the classification of possible use of FPGA as a Service platform for solving of cybersecurity tasks; and to propose the sequence of critical components of ensuring of the cybersecurity of FPGA as a Service platform. The following results were obtained based on the tasks. The analysis of the capabilities of existing chips, FPGA accelerator cards, programming technologies, and the integrated environments of a leading company for creation of FPGA as a Service is performed. A study on the cybersecurity problems of FPGA as a Service platforms is conducted, and a set of components to ensure the cybersecurity of FPGA as a Service Platform is proposed. Modern cybersecurity threats of FPGA as a Service platforms are analyzed. A threat structure for FPGA as a Service is proposed. The possibility of applying a penetration testing standard to FPGA services is considered. Regular audits and penetration testing are crucial elements of a cybersecurity strategy and help maintain customer and user trust in FPGA services. Based on the analysis of the possible use of FPGA as a Service to solve cybersecurity tasks, a classification of five variants considering FPGA as an object and tool is proposed. The sequence of critical components of ensuring of the cybersecurity of FPGA as a Service platform is proposed to correspond to modern known threats. Complex activities, including the software updates, security monitoring, auditing, and penetration testing, based on security standards. Conclusions. The primary contribution and scientific novelty of the obtained results is the research into the possibilities of penetration testing for services, where the test object is a platform with access to FPGA. As in many other areas, ensuring the cybersecurity of FPGA as a Service platform is complex, and ignoring any component can lead to critical consequences. Applying only penetration testing is not enough; therefore, a comprehensive list of cybersecurity measures for FPGA as a Service platforms is provided, underlining the urgency and necessity of their implementation.

The subject of study in this article is modern FPGA technologies for creation of projects and providing them as a services, as well as solutions for ensuring digital rights management of individual instances of the system. The goal is to analyze and improve technologies for ensuring the work of licensing mechanisms and prevention of unauthorized execution of IP-cores involved in the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) systems in FPGA. Task: to analyze the process of prototyping artificial intelligence systems and providing them as a services using FPGA; to perform an analysis of the possibility of the implementation of a rental mechanism for artificial intelligence as a service based on FPGA with licensing of individual instances of the system; to analyze the possibilities of code protection for the description of the implementation of service rental mechanisms directly in the FPGA; to perform research of possible candidate elements that allow uniqueness identification of individual instances of the system or FPGA chip; and to provide practical example of the application of mechanisms for ensuring digital rights management for creation of artificial intelligence as a service project in FPGA. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. The analysis of technological capabilities, tools and development environments, description and programming languages for the creation of artificial intelligence systems in the form of a service with hardware implementation is performed. The components of each level of FPGA-based AI service implementation are analyzed. An analysis of possible directions for ensuring digital rights management for AI services projects in FPGA is performed. The possibility of protecting the source code of the description of hardware solutions for the possibility of distribution using the IEEE-1735 encryption standard is analyzed. The integration of the encryption standard with the development environments is discussed. A search of options and possible solutions to ensure identification of the specific instance of the project based on FPGA chip is performed. A practical study of the use of the existing solution from Accelize company for ensuring digital rights management for IP-cores of projects for FPGA is performed. Conclusions. The main contribution and scientific novelty of the obtained results is in the provided results of the research of possible candidate elements that allow the detection of differences and identification of the FPGA uniqueness for the identification of the instance of the system. The proposed method of processing of data from the implementation of physical unclonable functions (PUF) in FPGA to ensure digital rights management is a principal new approach. The given relations between the levels of implementation of AI as a service based on FPGA show the hierarchy of components when building of such system.

The subject of study in this article and research are technologies and models of remote communication of nodes, as well as individual small-sized components of embedded IoT systems. The goal is to simplify the process of configuration by the end user of the system based on devices with the possibility of communication over Internet. The task is: to analyze the problems and requirements for the creation of IoT systems; to perform the analysis and classification of the hardware components of IoT systems; to analyze the process of the communication between individual elements of IoT system; to perform the research of the communication protocols for IoT; to analyze an existing services for organization of the communication of devices with the possibility of connection to the Internet; to propose the models of the communication of the elements of IoT system. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. The existing ways and problems of communicating of devices with Internet connection are analyzed. Possible technical solutions and components of IoT systems are analyzed. The classification of the set of components of such IoT systems is performed. The process of selecting the components based on the set of initial requirements with taking into account the parameters of the price, the necessary efforts for customer to deploy the system and the possibility of modification of the system is proposed. The problems of creation of systems with the Internet access using cheap microcontrollers with a small program memory and taking into account the requirements of limited resources is discussed. The process of the communication of the service with the device and connected peripheral modules is described in detail. The analysis of existing protocols for communication between the service and IoT device is performed. The models that describe possible types of interaction of individual nodes are offered. Conclusions. The performed analysis allowed to classify and highlight five types of components for creation of IoT systems and to correlate their price, required efforts for installation and the possibility of modification by customer. The service for simple communication with microcontrollers with limited resources and the open source service for creation of secure smart home system with wide support of protocols are found. The practical significance of this study is the possibility to decide what a set of components is the most suitable for a specific distributed hardware system, as well as the possibility to choose the model of interaction and to choose the communication protocol with finding or creation of the service for IoT communication.

The subject of study in this article is technologies and services of communication of elements of smart home, as well as the models, methods, and tools for prototyping of interaction of devices for Internet of Things (IoT). The goal is to simplify the process of creation a service for the programmable by an end user device with the ability to communicate over Internet and to simplify the process of choosing the components for such devices. Task: to perform the analysis of IoT systems requirements and possible issues during the process of creation; to perform the analysis of requirements of safety and cybersecurity for IoT systems; to perform the research and classification of components of IoT systems; to perform the research of communication process between elements of IoT system; to analyze IoT communication protocols; to perform the analysis of services for IoT communication; propose the models of communication of IoT nodes; propose technique for creation of service; and provide practical example of implementation of the research results. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. The analysis of possible problems and requirements for prototyping elements of smart home systems with Internet access is performed. The analysis of the existing architectures layers of IoT systems is performed. Models of Edge and Fog for IoT system are considered. Analysis of cybersecurity considerations for the devices communication is performed. Five types of components for smart home systems were classified. The process of communication of smart home elements with service at the model level is described. Existing communication protocols for the communication of devices over Internet are analyzed. Commercial and open source communication services for different types of devices are analyzed. Models of IoT node interaction are proposed. Technique of creation of a service for communication of devices and example of use are proposed. Conclusions. The main contribution of this research is the proposed method of creation of own service for communication over Internet for devices implemented on the basis of widely used microcontrollers. Based on the proposed classification of IoT hardware components, it is possible to simplify the decision-making process of selection based on the parameters of price, required efforts from the end customer for installation, and expandability in terms of the possibility of integration of the solution with wider systems. The performed analysis allows to conclude that from existing services ThingSpeak is interesting for use with the simplest chips, and Home Assistant is the preferable solution for home automation.

The subject of study in this article and research is the process of reuse and recovery of power elements and batteries of modern digital electronics and laptop batteries, as well as controller diagnostic and repairing processes. The goal is to increase the duration of the lifetime and improve the maintainability and efficiency of reusing batteries of laptops and portable electronic devices. The task is to analyze existing types of laptop batteries; analyze different models of battery controllers; analyze options for repairing Li-ion batteries from secondary good market; propose a sequence of repairing of laptop batteries and portable electronics with use of Li-ion cells; and perform practical application of the research results. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. The possibilities and existing options for repairing laptop batteries are analyzed. The possible mechanisms of protection of Li-ion batteries with different principles of action are analyzed. An analysis of the possibility of repairing of batteries with diagnostics of the elements in the laptop accumulator is performed. The process of repairing of the operation of laptop Li-ion batteries is proposed. A sequence for resetting error flags using additional equipment is proposed. The process of mechanical disassembling of the plastic housing of the laptop battery for the replacement of elements is described. The necessary equipment and tools for performing advanced diagnostics of laptop batteries are provided. A comparison of the results of the analysis of battery controllers and the practical experience of their recovery is performed. The description of the utility package for working with battery controllers is provided. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is in the fact that the comparative analysis of recovery methods of different models of batteries from different manufacturers allows to assess in advance the possibility of successful repairing of a laptop battery with a given controller. The proposed method of repairing of laptop batteries makes the recovery process predictable and reproducible for a wide range of battery models. The provided practical example of using the method demonstrates the possibility of obtaining additional information about batteries, even if the manufacturer does not provide documentation. The practical use of the research results allows to perform the process of repairing of a part of laptop battery models without additional knowledge and tools. It allows to reduce costs for the processes of maintaining the workability of electronics with extending of efficient device lifitime.

The subject of study in this article is the modern technologies of programmable logic devices, the history of product changes of leading manufacturers, including development environments, and project optimization processes. The goal is to improve modern methods, technologies, and software tools for the development and integration of FPGA-as-a-Service in the form of services in cloud infrastructures, data centers, and on-board high-performance systems, with taking into account the ever-changing conditions and requirements, and the constraints of platforms. Task: to analyze the history of product changes of the leading vendors and manufacturers of programmable logic devices; analyze the dynamics of changes in the functionality of project development environments for FPGA-based systems, with taking into account the existing requirements and restrictions from vendors of software and hardware platforms and components; perform a comparative analysis of modern development boards and accelerator cards for the prototyping and testing of projects based on the chips of programmable logic; analyze the use of an existing services and solutions based on FPGA technologies as part of cloud services from modern cloud providers; propose practical steps for the development of systems based on FPGA resistant to project requirements change; propose the sequence for the development and optimization of high-performance systems with their implementation based on FPGA; and to provide practical example of the use of the proposed method. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. The history of changes in the leading companies of programmable logic manufacturers, as well as changes in versions of the development environments and the products of one of the largest companies, is analyzed. The use of existing FPGA-based solutions as part of cloud services is analyzed in detail. Two sequences for optimizing projects and increasing their productivity with reducing of the prototyping efforts during their creation and porting to new versions of software and hardware platforms are provided. Based on the results of the research, a prototype was developed and tested, which allowed the application of the proposed method in practice for adapting and porting the FPGA as a service project during the transfer to another version of the accelerator card. Conclusions. The main contribution and scientific novelty of the obtained results is that an experimental study of the paradigm of runtime reprogramming of programmable logic was performed, which made it possible to formulate the elements of a new method of creation projects as a service for cloud infrastructures, data centers, and artificial intelligence systems. A set of practical steps for the development of systems that are tolerant to changes in conditions and requirements is proposed. The application of the proposed method allows to avoid costs of project support in the case of changes in requirements.

The subject of study in this article is the technologies of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), methods, and tools for prototyping of hardware accelerators of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and providing it as a service. The goal is to reduce the efforts of creation and modification of FPGA implementation of Artificial Intelligent projects and provide such solutions as a service. Task: to analyze the possibilities of heterogeneous computing for the implementation of AI projects; analyze advanced FPGA technologies and accelerator cards that allow the organization of a service; analyze the languages, frameworks, and integrated environments for the creation of Artificial Intelligence projects for FPGA implementation; propose a technique for modifiable FPGA project prototyping to ensure a long period of compatibility with integrated environments and target devices; propose a technique for the prototyping of FPGA services with high performance to improve the efficiency of FPGA based AI projects; propose a sequence of optimization of neural networks for FPGA implementation; and provide an example of the practical implementation of the research results. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. Analysis of the biggest companies and vendors of FPGA technology is performed. Existing heterogeneous technologies and potential non-electronic mediums for AI computations are discussed. FPGA accelerator cards with a large amount of High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) on the same chip package for implementation of AI projects are analyzed and compared. Languages, frameworks, and technologies as well as the capabilities of libraries and integrated environments for prototyping of FPGA projects for the AI applications are analyzed in detail. The sequence of prototyping of FPGA projects that are stable to changes in the environment is proposed. The sequence of prototyping of highly efficient pipelined projects for data processing is proposed. The steps of optimization of neural networks for FPGA implementation of AI applications are provided. An example of practical use of the results of research, including the use of sequences is provided. Conclusions. One of the main contributions of this research is the proposed method of creation of FPGA based implementation of AI projects in the form of services. Proposed sequence of neural network optimization for FPGA allows the reduction of the complexity of the initial program model by more than five times for hardware implementation depending on the required accuracy. The described solutions allow the construction of completely scalable and modifiable FPGA implementations of AI projects to provide it as a service.

Replacement policies have an important role in the functioning of the cache memory of processor cores. The implementation of a successful policy allows us to increase the performance of the processor core and the computer system as a whole. Replacement policies are most often evaluated by the percentage of cache hits during the cycles of the processor bus when accessing the cache memory. The policies that focus on replacing the Least Recently Used (LRU) or Least Frequently Used (LFU) elements, whether instructions or data, are relevant for use. It should be noted that in the paging cache buffer, the above replacement policies can also be used to replace address information. The pseudo LRU (PLRU) policy introduces replacing based on approximate information about the age of the elements in the cache memory. The hardware implementation of any replacement policy algorithm is the circuit. This hardware part of the processor core has certain characteristics: the latency of the search process for a candidate element for replacement, the gate complexity, and the reliability. The characteristics of the PLRUt and PLRUm replacement policies are synthesized and investigated. Both are the varieties of the PLRU replacement policy, which is close to the LRU policy in terms of the percentage of cache hits. In the current study, the hardware implementation of these policies is evaluated, and the possibility of adaptation to each of the policies in the processor core according to a selected priority characteristic is analyzed. The dependency of the rise in the delay and gate complexity in the case of an increase in the associativity of the cache memory is shown. The advantage of the hardware implementation of the PLRUt algorithm in comparison with the PLRUm algorithm for higher values of associativity is shown.

The subject of study in this article is the voltage ranges, methods, and tools for prototyping independent sources of power supply and artificial lighting for home appliances with reuse of only widespread components. The goal is to improve the efficiency of the creation and use of independent power supply sources for home appliances. Task: to analyze the history of the development of voltage standards for households; analyze existing autonomous power sources and types of batteries; analyze different loads; find rational voltage ranges based on fundamental values; analyze charge control and balancing circuits for lithium-based batteries; propose the technique of prototyping independent sources of power supply based on reused lithium-ion (Li-ion) accumulators; provide an example of the practical application of the results of research. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. The evolution of voltage standards of electrical supply networks is analyzed. Types of autonomous power supplies, including pure sine versions, are discussed. The analysis of batteries for autonomous power sources of different chemical compositions is performed. It is proposed to use the water analogy of current and area as an analogy of battery capacity for visual representation of electrical processes. Models of constant current consumption and constant power consumption are considered. It is proposed to reduce the internal resistance of the battery assembly by parallel connection of the reused lithium-ion accumulators. Correspondence of voltage ranges of sequential connection of lithium-ion cells to ensure compatibility with existing devices is investigated. Rational parameters of voltage ranges to ensure compatibility of lithium-ion and acid accumulators with the ability to charge directly from solar panels without a charge controller are found. Charge controllers, battery management systems (BMS), and battery balancing circuits are analyzed. A set of steps for reuse of lithium-ion accumulators for the creation of autonomous power sources is proposed. Conclusions. The main contribution of this research is the proposed method of creation of power supply and interior lighting based on the reuse of accumulators without additional components. The discovered and proposed magic numbers of 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 for series connection of lithium-ion cells allows to obtain the equivalent of standard voltage ranges of 12 V, 19 V, 27 V, 36 V, 42 V and 48 V. The proposed technique of adjusting the voltage of the passive balancer allows adding 4.5 % to the capacity of the battery assembly. The described solutions allow to build the completely scalable autonomous low-voltage electrical supply network with the ability to charge directly from solar panels without expensive charge controllers.

The subject of study in this article is the evaluation of the performance issues of cloud services implemented using FPGA technology. The goal is to improve the performance of cloud services built on top of multiple FPGA platforms known as FPGA-as-a-Service (FaaS). Task: to analyze the delays in communications between host computer and FPGA; propose the steps of development to reduce the delay and perform the evaluation of the response time for the FPGA-based accelerator depending on number of involved cards; consider the reliability aspect of such systems implemented using programmable logic. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. The FPGA-as-a-Service where FPGA resources are provided through a set of hardware/software toolset is considered. The usage of queueing theory for cloud-based services is analyzed. The contribution of the parts of FPGA-as-a-Service to the final delay of the service is discussed. The process of modeling of work the services based on FPGA accelerator cards with use of Jackson's network is analyzed in detail. The model of the delays of FaaS that considers the parameters of accelerator FPGA cards is offered. The formula of the total response time of the service combined based on the response of the components of is obtained. The proposed steps of reduce data processing delays include increase the size of data blocks for processing in FPGA by each kernel, change the communication model with kernel from sequential to pipelined, following timing closure technique and use more FPGA accelerator cards in parallel to divide the enquiring delay. Based on the proposed model the evaluation of response time of FaaS was done. The advantage of the use of many FPGAs in parallel for same data processing task instead of implementation of requests thread for each accelerator card is shown. Conclusions. The main contribution of this study is a step forward to the modeling of FPGA-based services that can be used for FPGA-based artificial intelligence (AI) applications. It helps to improve the performance of the system by means of reducing the delays at different stages of requests processing. Another side of this result is the reliability aspect that is based on modified manner of service operation in case of use the proposed steps of system optimization. It helps to improve the processing of requests to FaaS. The proposed method is the next step after prototyping of such systems because it helps to turn the FaaS from the object for development to the tool for deployment of new technologies like AI applications.

The subject of study in this article is modern technologies, tools and methods of building AI systems as a service using FPGA as a platform. The goal is to analyze modern technologies and tools used to develop FPGA-based projects for systems that implement artificial intelligence as a service and to prepare a practical AI service prototype. Task: to analyze the evolution of changes in the products of leading manufacturers of programmable logic devices and experimental and practical examples of the implementation of the paradigm of continuous reprogramming of programmable logic; analyze the dynamics of changes in the development environment of programmable logic systems for AI; analyze the essential elements of building projects for AI systems using programmable logic. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. The area of application of hardware implementation of artificial intelligence for on-board and embedded systems including airspace industry, smart cars and medical systems is analyzed. The process of programming FPGA accelerators for AI projects is analyzed. The analysis of the capabilities of FPGA with HBM for building projects that require enough of high speed memory is performed. Description languages, frameworks, the hierarchy of tools for building of hardware accelerators for AI projects are analyzed in detail. The stages of prototyping of AI projects using new FPGA development tools and basic DPU blocks are analyzed. The parameters of the DPU blocks were analyzed. Practical steps for building such systems are offered. The practical recommendations for optimizing the neural network for FPGA implementation are given. The stages of neural network optimization are provided. The proposed steps include pruning of branches with low priority and the use of fixed point computations with custom range based on the requirements of an exact neural network. Based on these solutions, a practical case of AI service was prepared, trained and tested. Conclusions. The main contribution of this study is that, based on the proposed ideas and solutions, the next steps to create heterogeneous systems based on the combination of three elements are clear: AI as a service, FPGA accelerators as a technology for improving performance, reliability and security, and cloud or Edge resources to create FPGA infrastructure and AI as service. The development of this methodological and technological basis is the direction of further R&D.

The subject of study in this article is a method for remote diagnostics, reprogramming and reconfiguration of nodes of embedded and small-sized systems. The goal is to increase the reliability characteristics of systems built on the basis of microprocessor solutions. The task is: to consider the existing methods of communication of the MC set in the system with the possibility of specifying the requirements; consider and analyze the existing means of remote reprogramming of individual MCs as part of the target system; to consider methods of adding redundancy to the MC connection scheme for the possibility of reconfiguration; describe the elements of the method and sequence of development of systems that provide for the possibility of remote diagnostics, reprogramming and reconfiguration of their individual nodes. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. The existing methods and equipment for communication of the MC set are analyzed. Possible technical solutions and theoretical foundations of intra-system reprogramming of system nodes based on MK are analyzed. The technical properties of one of the available industrial technologies, which contain crystals and development media, are presented, with the aim of finding properties that will allow expanding the capabilities of the created systems in terms of increasing reliability and energy efficiency. It is proposed to use a modified bootloader to organize the possibility of communication and reprogramming over one communication line. A set of steps is proposed for finding options for building a circuit with hardware redundancy. Conclusions. The idea of reprogramming and diagnostics of system nodes along one line using ready-made industrial components (COTS) based on microcontrollers and development tools is proposed, which makes it possible to make their development cheaper. The proposed elements of the method of remote diagnostics, reprogramming and reconfiguration of individual nodes of the built-in system based on MC. A practical example of the implementation of the concepts discussed in the article, including its reconfiguration, is presented; a diagram of the device before and after its reconfiguration is given. The practical significance of this research lies in the possibility of building and configuring a system from many separate nodes based on microcontrollers.

The subject matter of study in this article is ways to build systems for remote laying of communication lines and solve the problem of their implementation. The goal is to simplify the process of developing robotic systems to solve applied problems. The tasks to be solved are to consider technologies of laying and to define the role of the robotic decisions used in them; consider and analyze existing compact solutions; consider existing tools and kits for rapid creation and testing of electromechanical systems; describe the features of conceptual and practical implementations of the system. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. The existing methods and equipment for laying communication lines are analyzed. The types of lines placement according to the method and working conditions is considered. Standard equipment and experimental or less common equipment samples are analyzed. The results of a comparative analysis of the currently most well-known robotic solutions used to automate the placement of communications are presented. The existing robotic compact solutions the functionality of which is similar to the object of research are considered in detail. Three devices from various manufacturers designed to perform specialized tasks and has similar specificity of work including the need to move in confined spaces in the vertical and horizontal directions and deliver a payload to the destination are considered. The key differences in the considered devices including modular architecture, simplification of the electrical component of the system due to the frame, adaptability, and adaptability of the device to various environmental conditions are given. The quantitative characteristics of the devices such as the speed of movement, the size of the device itself, and its weight are analyzed. A technological stack that allows the rapid prototyping of a system with similar functions is considered and analyzed. The results of the classification of three sets for the rapid construction of a digital system with an indication of their advantages and disadvantages are given. The qualitative characteristics of development tools such as the prevalence of components, the complexity of use, and their cost are analyzed. An approach for the fast construction of a digital system based on modular reprogrammable components is proposed. Conclusions. The areas of application of existing solutions, the way of their implementation, and unique features that can be useful in solving the problem of placement of communications are considered. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is as follows: a unique architecture of a robot for placement of communication lines with movable segments for movement in space is proposed; a set of programmable modules as part of the developed system is presented. The process of choosing electronic components for building a system is discussed. A digital interface for interacting components and the robot as a whole is described. The possibility of reprogramming the developed robot to restore its working capacity is devised.