158 results on '"Arnaldo Figueiredo"'
Search Results
2. Early Antibody-Mediated Kidney Transplant Rejection: A Successful Case Without Donor-Specific Anti-HLA Antibodies
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Rita M. Silva, Rita Leal, Maria G. Marques, Luís Rodrigues, Lídia Santos, Catarina Romãozinho, Arnaldo Figueiredo, and Rui Alves
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graft rejection/immunology ,histocompatibility/immunology ,hla antigens/immunology ,isoantibodies/immunology ,kidney transplantation ,Pathology ,RB1-214 - Abstract
The diagnosis of antibody-mediated rejection has become more common and represents a major cause of kidney graft loss. The ideal treatment remains unknown, with little evidence supporting the use of a specific therapy. The definition of antibody-mediated rejection is based on serologic (presence and/or development of donor-specific antibodies) and histologic (evidence of acute tissue injury with C4d deposition or other signs of antibody interaction with the vascular endothelium) criteria. Antibody-mediated rejection without donor-specific antibodies is a subcategory with a defying diagnosis. This particularly entity is increasingly being reported as an important cause of allograft dysfunction in kidney transplantation. We describe the case of a kidney transplant recipient with a low immunological risk and delayed graft function due to an antibody-mediated rejection with negative donor-specific antibodies.
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- 2023
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3. National consensus survey on management approaches for upper urinary tract obstruction: A comparative analysis of retrograde ureteric stent and percutaneous nephrostomy
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Vasco Quaresma, Francisca Magalhães, Lorenzo Marconi, João Lima, Manuel Lopes, Ana-Marta Ferreira, Pedro Nunes, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Consensus ,Urinary Catheterization ,Percutaneous Nephrostomy ,Ureteral Catheterization ,Ureteroscopic Surgery ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
To the Editor, Upper urinary tract obstruction (UUTO) is a common scenario in clinical practice, and it is caused by a variety of diseases. Lithiasis, tumours and strictures are some of the principal aetiologies. Multiple factors may influence both the need for decompression of the obstructed collecting system and the urgency of procedure...
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- 2023
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4. A penile fracture hidden behind a urethral bleeding
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Pedro Francisco Fernandes, Ana Marta Ferreira, Paulo Azinhais, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Penile fracture ,Urethral injury ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Penile fracture with urethral injury is uncommon. Diagnosis is usually based on clinical history and physical examination. Nonetheless, atypical presentation obliges complementary examinations to be performed.We report a case of a 45-years-old man with urethral bleeding after a blunt penile trauma that was ultimately diagnosed as having a cavernous body laceration on top of an urethral rupture.
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- 2023
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5. Predictive factors for successful testicular biopsy
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Duarte Vieira Brito, Manuel Lopes, Jose Pereira, Ana Maria Ferreira, Luis Sousa, Belmiro Parada, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Male infertility ,Azoospermia ,Testicular biopsy ,Predictive factors ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Introduction: Infertility, the inability to conceive, constitutes a major problem in modern societies. It affects 10 to 15 percent of couples in the United States. Evaluation of infertile men is usually complex and often demands a testicular biopsy. Materials and methods: We reviewed all azoospermic men submitted to testicular biopsy, in our center, during infertility investigation between January 2015 and December 2021. Results: A total of 117 patients with a mean age of 36.5 was considered. Biopsy was positive, as defined by the presence of viable spermatozoids by microscopy, in 48.7% of patients (n = 57). Patients were divided in two separate groups based on positive (PB) or negative biopsy (NB) and compared. PB-group had normal serum total testosterone levels and higher than NB-group (3.7 ng/mL vs. 2.85 ng/mL, p = 0.021), and normal serum FSH levels and lower than NB-group (6.0 mIU/mL vs. 16.0 mIU/mL, p < 0.001). The groups were similar concerning serum LH levels (3.9 mIU/mL vs. 6.3 mIU/mL, p = 0.343. Conclusions: Predicting outcomes of testicular biopsy is a difficult task. Our study found that men with normal testicular volume, normal levels of testosterone and FSH and those with type 1 diabetes mellitus had a higher probability of positive testicular biopsy.
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- 2023
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6. Surveillance as a safe and effective option for treatment of stage I seminoma
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Vasco Quaresma, Diogo Henriques, Lorenzo Marconi, João Lorigo, Ana-Marta Ferreira, Roberto Jarimba, Pedro Nunes, Arnaldo Figueiredo, and Belmiro Parada
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Seminoma ,Surveillance ,Radiotherapy ,Adjuvant chemotherapy ,Recurrenc ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Introduction: Stage I seminoma has a very good prognosis, yet approximately 15% have subclinical metastatic disease and will relapse after orchidectomy alone. Several management approaches have been investigated. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of real-world patients with stage I seminoma, analysing prognostic factors influencing treatment choice and oncological outcomes. Methods: Retrospective, single institution study, with 55 patients diagnosed with clinical stage I seminoma between 2007 and 2020. Selected patients were analysed regarding three management approaches - surveillance, adjuvant radiotherapy and adjuvant carboplatin AUC7. Overall survival and progression-free survival outcomes were analysed. Predictors of treatment choice were determined, and predictors of recurrence were analysed in patients on active surveillance. Results: The median follow-up time was 91 months (13-165). Overall survival at 10 years was 98.2%. Stage I seminoma patients had a 1-, 3- and 10-year progression free survival of 98%, 94% and 89%, respectively. Three-year progression free survival was 92.0% for those on active surveillance (IC95%, 91.5-92.5%), 95.2% for carboplatin (IC95%, 94.8-95.6%) and 100% for those on adjuvant radiotherapy (p > 0.05). All relapses on active surveillance protocols occurred during the first 24 months. Overall, 43% of patients who underwent adjuvant treatment reported adverse effects of therapy, with higher incidence on radiotherapy group (63%). Conclusions: Stage I seminoma have excellent prognosis, high cure rates, and low treatment-associated morbidity. Active surveillance is a safe modality when applied to selected patients. Adjuvant radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin show similar results, with fewer adverse effects on chemotherapy arm.
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- 2023
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7. C reactive protein/Albumin ratio as predictor of prognosis in castration resistant metastatic prostate cancer
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João Lorigo, Edgar Tavares Silva, João Pedroso Lima, Vasco Quaresma, Rui Pedrosa, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Prostatic cancer ,C-reactive protein ,Albumin ,Biomarker ,Prognosis ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Objective: To assess the association of C reactive protein/Albumin ratio (CAR) with progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in castration resistant metastatic prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. Materials and methods: A transversal study was conducted, including all patients diagnosed with mCRPC within a Central Hospital Urological Oncology consultation between December 2019 and December 2021 (n = 178) and that were submitted to systemic therapy. CRP and albumin results were collected at the beginning of the systemic treatment for mCRPC in 103 patients and, in 75 patients already under treatment at the start of the study, on that occasion (December 2019). All patients were then followed. CAR was correlated with PFS and OS. OS and PFS were measured from the day the CRP and Alb were collected until the event of interest or the final date of follow-up. The sample was divided in two groups according to an optimal cutoff point found in a ROC curve. Results: The sample showed a median age of 75.76 ± 9.17 years old. Using a cut-off point of 0.22, patients with a CAR ≤ 0.22 (63.2%) showed, compared to CAR > 0.22, longer PFS (15.92 vs. 9.46 months, r = -0.13, p < 0.05) and OS (p = < 0.05, 25,72 vs. 15.79 months, r = -0,24, p < 0.05). Better OS in patients with CAR ≤ 0.22 vs > 0.22 was detected on both the group evaluated at the beginning of systemic treatment (26.96 vs 17.63 months, p < 0.05) and the group of patients already under treatment (23.90 vs 11.54 months, p < 0.05). Dividing the sample according to the first line treatment chosen, we found OS of 26.25 vs 5.9 months (p < 0.05), 27.71 vs 22.57 months (p < 0.05) and 27.36 vs 23.75 months (p = 0.12), for docetaxel, abiraterone and enzalutamide, respectively. Conclusions: According to this study, higher values of CAR are associated with lower PFS and OS in mCRPC patients. We found a cut-off value of 0.22 providing the best discrimination for prognosis. CAR is a good prognosis biomarker, irrespective of the moment of evaluation and chosen treatment option.
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- 2023
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8. Anti-Algics in the Therapeutic Response of Breast and Urological Cancers
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Ana Catarina Matos, João Lorigo, Inês Alexandra Marques, Ana Margarida Abrantes, Matilde Jóia-Gomes, Pedro Sa-Couto, Ana Cristina Gonçalves, Ana Valentim, Edgar Tavares-Silva, Arnaldo Figueiredo, Ana Salomé Pires, and Maria Filomena Botelho
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breast cancer ,bladder cancer ,prostate cancer ,local anesthetics ,opioids ,docetaxel ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The effect of anti-algics on tumor progression and the overall survival of patients is controversial and remains unclear. Herein, we disclose the in vitro effects of the local anesthetics lidocaine, ropivacaine, and levobupivacaine on breast (MCF7), prostate (PC3, LNCaP), and bladder (TCCSUP, HT1376) cancer cell lines, both as monotherapy and in combination with standard-of-care therapeutics. Assays for cell proliferation, viability, death profile, and migration were performed. Additionally, we explored the clinical outcomes of opioid use through a cross-sectional study involving 200 metastatic prostate cancer patients. The main clinical data collected included the type of opioid therapy administered, dosage, treatment duration, disease progression, and overall survival. Results obtained demonstrate that treatment with local anesthetics has a promising selective anti-tumor effect on these types of cancer, with higher effects when associated with docetaxel. This points out the use of local anesthetics as an added value in the treatment of prostate carcinoma patients. Alternatively, chronic opioid use was correlated with reduced overall survival (p < 0.05) and progression-free survival (p < 0.05) at each treatment line in the observational study. While these results provide valuable insights, larger prospective studies are imperative to comprehensively evaluate the clinical impact of opioid analgesics in prostate cancer patients.
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- 2023
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9. Predicting bladder cancer risk in patients with hematuria. A single-centre retrospective study
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Roberto Jarimba, Vasco Quaresma, João Pedroso Lima, Miguel Eliseu, Edgar Tavares da Silva, Pedro Moreira, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Bladder cancer ,Hematuria ,Smoking ,Ultrasound ,Male gender ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Introduction: The presence of blood in the urine should be promptly investigated to rule out urological malignancies, bladder cancer being the most frequent. Given its frequency among general population and the lack of unlimited health resources in an era of cost-effectiveness, it is important to prioritize patients with higher risk of malignancy. Objectives: To identify predictive factors of bladder cancer among patients presenting with hematuria. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 296 cases referred to our department for hematuria. We evaluated different demographic, clinical and ultrasound features to uncover possible associations with diagnosis of bladder cancer in those patients, to estimate the individual risk of being diagnosed with bladder cancer during the investigation of hematuria. Results: A total of 296 patients were studied for hematuria between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2019, 23.6% of those having ultimately bladder cancer confirmed after transurethral resection. Older age, male gender (OR 2.727, p = 0.069), a history of smoking (OR 3.84, p < 0.05), recurrent hematuria (OR 3.396, p < 0.05) and positive ultrasound exam for bladder cancer (OR 30.423, p < 0.05) were identified as predictors of bladder cancer in patients with hematuria. Conclusions: This study suggests that it is possible to reliably estimate the risk of bladder cancer in patients with hematuria, using clinical and imaging data to help defining who should be investigated first and in whom the investigation could be postponed.
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- 2023
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10. Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma at a Tertiary Referral Center in Portugal
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Vasco Quaresma, Lorenzo Marconi, Roberto Jarimba, João Lima, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ,Immunotherapy ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/drug therapy ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
N/a.
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- 2023
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11. Impact of Positive Surgical Margins After Partial Nephrectomy
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João André Mendes Carvalho, Pedro Nunes, Edgar Tavares-da-Silva, Belmiro Parada, Roberto Jarimba, Pedro Moreira, Edson Retroz, Rui Caetano, Vítor Sousa, Augusta Cipriano, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Laparoscopy ,Nephrectomy ,Positive surgical margins ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Background: The impact of positive surgical margins (PSMs) after partial nephrectomy (PN) is controversial. Objective: To evaluate the risk factors for a PSM and its impact on overall survival. Design, setting, and participants: This is a retrospective study of 388 patients were submitted to PN between November 2005 and December 2016 in a single centre. Two groups were created: PSM and negative surgical margin (NSM) after PN. A p value of
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- 2020
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12. Predicting negative ureteroscopy for stone disease – Minimizing risk and cost
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Miguel Eliseu, Roberto Jarimba, Pedro Moreira, Pedro Simões, Paulo Temido, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Urolithiasis ,Ureteric ,Stone ,Ureteroscopy ,Negative ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Introduction: Urolithiasis is common worldwide, with ureteric stones being a particular burden. Ureteroscopy (URS) is one of the most useful procedures in treating ureteric stones not passed spontaneously; this procedure has a complication risk of 4%. Negative URS, with described rates up to 15%, represents an avoidable patient risk and use of medical resources. Objectives: To describe rates and identify predictive factors for negative URS and to define strategies which would minimize patient and financial burden from these unnecessary procedures. Materials and methods: A retrospective cohort study analyzed patients who underwent URS in our Center to treat ureteric stones over a period of 2 years. Patient age, gender, and comorbidities, as well as laboratory and imaging findings, were analyzed. Results: 262 patients underwent URS for ureteric stones. The female population was 50.8% with a mean age of 56.89 years. A total of 78 (29.8%) URS procedures were negative. Univariate analysis showed a higher prevalence of negative URS in female patients, as well as in primary, smaller, and radiolucent stones. At multivariate analysis, a logistic regression model correctly classified 76% of patients, with smaller stone size and radiolucency being significant predictors of negative URS. Discussion and conclusions: Our Center showed a high rate of negative URS, higher than commonly described in the literature. Female patients tend to have an even higher rate, possibly due to unnoticed passage of stones. Patients with small, radiolucent stones showed the highest rates of negative URS.
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- 2021
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13. Challenges in the Management of the Patient with a Failing Kidney Graft: A Narrative Review
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Rita Leal, Clara Pardinhas, António Martinho, Helena Oliveira Sá, Arnaldo Figueiredo, and Rui Alves
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chronic kidney disease ,graft intolerance syndrome ,immunosuppression ,kidney graft failure ,withdrawal ,Medicine - Abstract
Patients with a failed kidney allograft have steadily increase in recent years and returning to dialysis after graft loss is one of the most difficult transitions for chronic kidney disease patients and their assistant physicians. The management of these patients is complex and encompasses the treatment of chronic kidney disease complications, dialysis restart and access planning, immunosuppression withdrawal, graft nephrectomy, and evaluation for a potential retransplant. In recent years, several groups have focused on the management of the patient with a failing renal graft and expert recommendations are arising. A review of Pubmed, ScienceDirect and the Cochrane Library was performed focusing on the specific care of these patients, from the management of low clearance complications to concerns with a subsequent kidney transplant. Conclusion: There is a growing interest in the failing renal graft and new approaches to improve these patients’ outcomes are being defined including specific multidisciplinary programs, individualized immunosuppression withdrawal schemes, and strategies to prevent HLA sensitization and increase retransplant rates.
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- 2022
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14. Strategies to Overcome HLA Sensitization and Improve Access to Retransplantation after Kidney Graft Loss
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Rita Leal, Clara Pardinhas, António Martinho, Helena Oliveira Sá, Arnaldo Figueiredo, and Rui Alves
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allossensitization ,allocation ,immunosuppression ,kidney graft failure ,kidney retransplantation ,Medicine - Abstract
An increasing number of patients waitlisted for kidney transplantation have a previously failed graft. Retransplantation provides a significant improvement in morbidity, mortality, and quality of life when compared to dialysis. However, HLA sensitization is a major barrier to kidney retransplantation and the majority of the highly sensitized patients are waiting for a subsequent kidney transplant. A multidisciplinary team that includes immunogeneticists, transplant nephrologists and surgeons, and adequate allocation policies is fundamental to increase access to a kidney retransplant. A review of Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Library was performed on the challenges of kidney retransplantation after graft loss, focusing on the HLA barrier and new strategies to overcome sensitization. Conclusion: Technical advances in immunogenetics, new desensitization protocols, and complex allocation programs have emerged in recent years to provide a new hope to kidney recipients with a previously failed graft.
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- 2022
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15. Histological scores and tumor size on stage II in adrenocortical carcinomas
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Rui Caetano Oliveira, Maria João Martins, Carolina Moreno, Rui Almeida, João Carvalho, Paulo Teixeira, Miguel Teixeira, Edgar Tavares Silva, Isabel Paiva, Arnaldo Figueiredo, and Maria Augusta Cipriano
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Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) are aggressive tumors with a poor prognosis. Histological scores are advised for the diagnosis, however, there are borderline cases that may be misjudged as adrenocortical adenomas (ACA). The three main scores used are: Weiss Modified System (WMS), Reticulin Algorithm (RA), and Helsinki Score (HS). We intend to compare the accuracy of the three scores in ACC diagnosis and to identify predictive factors of overall survival (OS). Retrospective study (2004–2016) at Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra of the adrenal tumors, classified as ACC or ACA, with a history of posterior tumor relapse/metastases, without lesions in the contralateral adrenal gland: 13F and 6M, with a median age of 51 ± 12.41 years. Nodules’ median size was 9.20 ± 6.2 cm. Patients had a median OS of 52 ± 18.6 months, with 57.9% and 46.3%, at 3 and 5 years. Seven patients had local recurrence and nine had metastases. Thirteen cases were in stage II. The WMS and the HS allowed a diagnosis of ACC in 15 cases and the RA defined ACC in 17 cases. All cases had, at least, focal disruption of the reticulin framework. More than 5 mitosis/50 HPF was associated with worse OS: 49.67 ± 21.43 versus 108.86 ± 14.02 months ( p = 0.026). In patients with stage II, tumor size ⩾10 cm was associated with worse OS: 19.25 ± 7.15 versus 96.11 ± 16.7 months ( p = 0.007), confirmed by multivariate analysis ( p = 0.031). The correct diagnosis of ACC is a pathologist responsibility. The RA seems the most accurate. Any loss of the reticulin framework should raise awareness for malignancy. In patients on stage II, a size ⩾10 cm is a predictor of worse prognosis.
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- 2021
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16. Early morning kidney transplantation: Perioperative complications
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Mário Pereira Lourenço, Miguel Eliseu, Duarte Vieira Brito, João Carvalho, Edgar Tavares-Silva, Lorenzo Marconi, Pedro Moreira, Pedro Nunes, Belmiro Parada, Carlos Bastos, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Early morning transplantation ,Kidney transplantation ,Kidney transplant complications ,Immediate diuresis ,Surgery starting hour ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Introduction: To reduce cold ischemia time (CIT), many kidney transplants are performed in the early morning. Conducting complex surgeries in the early morning may influence the surgeon's technical capacity and rate of surgical complications (SC). Aim: Evaluate the influence of surgery start hour (SSH) regarding duration of surgery (DS), immediate diuresis (ID), SC and acute rejection (AR); evaluate the influence of CIT regarding SC, ID, and AR. Methods: 2855 cadaveric transplants performed between June 1980 and March 2018 were retrospectively evaluated. Regarding SSH, two groups were created: Group M (00: 00h-05.59h, n = 253) and Group D (06: 00h - 23: 59h, n = 2602). Analyzing the impact of SSH on DS, ID, SC and AR. Evaluate the relationship between CIT (< 18h, 18-30h and > 30h) on ID, SC and AR utilizing univariate and multivariate statistical analysis with SPSS. Results and Conclusion: Groups M and D were comparable in all evaluated demographic variables (p > 0.05), except cold ischemia time (Group M with higher CIT, p < 0.001). Regarding univariate analysis, Surgery start hour did not influence DS (p = 0.344), and SC (p = 0.264), but related with higher ID (p = 0.028) and AR (p = 0.018). CIT related with immediate diuresis (p = 0.020) and acute rejection (p < 0.001) but did not relate with complications (p = 0.734). Regarding multivariate analysis, SSH only influenced immediate diuresis (p = 0.026) and did not influenced acute rejection (p = 0.055). CIT influenced immediate diuresis (p = 0.019) and acute rejection (p < 0.001). Surgery start hour influences Immediate diuresis. With this study, we conclude that the priority must be a short cold ischemia time.
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- 2021
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17. Supportive Care Network: Evaluation of Its Impact on the Performance of a Urology Department
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Hugo Antunes, Edgar Tavares-da-Silva, Miguel Eliseu, Belmiro Parada, Maria Cunha, António Roseiro, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Geriatrics ,Length of Stay ,Palliative Care ,Referral and Consultation ,Urology ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Introduction: Hospitals are dealing with patients who may have clinical discharge but cannot return to their home due to non-medical issues. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of all the cases referred to the Integrated Care Network during the year 2016. Evaluation of waiting times, typology, reason for referral and clinical parameters. IBM SPSS 24.0 software was used for all statistical analyses. Results: In the evaluated period, 2294 patients were discharged from our department. Of these, 55 were referred to Integrated Care Network. The mean length of hospitalization of the patients referred to the network was 20.6 ± 11.4 days, and the mean overall length of hospital stay in the period analyzed was 4.8 ± 0.9 days. The mean time between hospitalization and referral for continuing care was 10.7 ± 7.2 days. The time between referral and discharge of the hospital was 10.0 ± 8.7 days. Thirty-nine (70.9%) patients were hospitalized for oncological diseases. The most common referral was to Palliative Care units (n = 16; 29.1%). Patients referred to Palliative Care units showed the largest waiting times between the referral for the network and the hospital discharge, 12.2 ± 10.51 days. We observed 289 hospitalization days with patients who had no need of specialized urological care. Discussion: In order to reduce time between referral to the network and hospital discharge, there is a need for enhanced cooperation and coordination among doctors, nurses and social workers. Conclusion: Early identification by physicians and nurses of patients who will require care after discharge will provide a better response from social workers and increased hospital performance.
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- 2018
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18. [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT: Local preliminary experience in prostate cancer biochemical recurrence patients
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João Carvalho, Pedro Nunes, Edgar Tavares da Silva, Rodolfo Silva, João Lima, Vasco Quaresma, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Biochemical recurrence ,PSMA PET-CT ,Salvage treatment ,Prostate cancer ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Objectives: Clinical approach of prostate cancer (PCa) biochemical recurrence (BCR) is an ever-changing topic. Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography ([68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CTPSMA PET-CT) has shown good potential in this field. The aim is to evaluate PSMA PET-CT detection rate in PCa BCR and assess its impact on clinical outcome. Material and methods: Out of 319 patients with PCa who underwent PSMA PET-CT between October 2015 and June 2019, 70 had developed BCR after treatment with curative intent. Two groups were created: one with BCR after surgery (RP group) (N: 48; 68.6%) and other with BCR after radiotherapy (RT group) (N: 22; 31.4%). Clinical, analytical, pathological and PSMA PET-CT results were evaluated. Results: Initial age was different between groups (p = 0.008). RP patients were mainly at intermediate risk (85.1% vs 42.9%, p = 0.001) while RT patients were at low risk of recurrence (8.5% vs 47.6%, p = 0.001). In RP and RT groups, PSMA PETCT detected, respectively, pelvic relapse in 31.3% and 63.6%, and extrapelvic relapse in 18.8% and 31.8%. Salvage treatment was performed in 61.9% (n = 26) of RP patients and in 15% (n = 3) of RT patients, p < 0.001. Of RP patients submitted to salvage treatment, 59.1% achieved complete remission. Concerning these patients, local radiotherapy led to complete remission in 68.4% (n = 13). Of RT patients submitted to salvage treatment, two had complete remission and one had partial remission.Concerning detection rate, PSMA PET-CT was positive for pelvic relapse when pre-PET PSA ≥ 0.8 ng/mL (RP) or ≥ 2.3 ng/mL (RT) and for extrapelvic relapse when PSA ≥ 0.4 ng/mL (RP) or ≥ 3.5 ng/mL (RT), p > 0.05. Conclusions: Biochemical persistence rate after salvage therapy was similar (30-40%). The cut-off PSA values for pelvic relapse detected on PSMA PET-CT were ≥ 0.8 ng/mL (RP) and ≥ 2.3 ng/mL (RT).
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- 2021
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19. De novo colorectal cancer after liver and kidney transplantation–Microenvironment disturbance
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Rui Caetano Oliveira, Edgar Tavares-Silva, Ana Margarida Abrantes, Hugo Antunes, Paulo Teixeira, Ana Gomes, Ricardo Martins, Emanuel Furtado, Arnaldo Figueiredo, Beatriz Costa, Maria Augusta Cipriano, José Guilherme Tralhão, and Maria Filomena Botelho
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Colorectal cancer ,Tumour microenviroenment ,Transplantation ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health burden and may arise as a complication of solid organ transplantation. Our study aimed to assess the incidence of the CRC in kidney and liver transplanted patients at a tertiary and reference center and to describe their clinical and pathological features.Twelve patients, 10 men and two women, with a mean age of 60 years, composed our cohort, ten of them submitted to CRC resection. Transplanted organ was liver in five patients and kidney in seven. Regarding overall survival, patients submitted to renal transplantation were all deceased 5 years after CRC diagnosis, while those subjected to hepatic transplantation had a survival of 60% at the fifth year.Pathology examination showed seven patients with advanced disease (stage III/IV) and high amount of necrosis. Tumor microenvironment was disturbed, with low inflammatory infiltrate, absence of natural killer cells and no PD-L1 expression. CRC exhibited microsatellite instability in 40%, with expression of cancer stem cell markers (CD133, CD44 and ALDH1), as well as P53 (50%) and KRAS mutations (41.7%).CRC cancer after kidney and hepatic transplantation is a rare, but aggressive and deadly event. Regular follow-up should be instituted in these patients.
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- 2020
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20. Lesion location agreement between prostatic multiparametric magnetic resonance, cognitive fusion biopsy and radical prostatectomy piece
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Mario Lourenço, Pedro Pissarra, Duarte Vieira e Brito, Miguel Eliseu, Joao Pedro Peralta, Arnaldo Figueiredo, and Cristina Marques
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prostate biopsy ,cognitive prostate biopsy ,multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging ,prostate cancer ,localization agreement ,multifocality ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Introduction: Prostatic multiparametric magnetic resonance (mpMRI) allows for guided prostate biopsy (PB). Objective: To evaluate localization agreement between mpMRI lesions and histology obtained by cognitive PB and radical prostatectomy (RP) surgical specimen (SS). Methods: Out of 115 consecutive cognitive biopsied patients, 37 with positive PB were studied. Sample was characterized regarding age, prostatic volume, PI-RADS, location of lesion on mpMRI, lesion dimension, total number of fragments obtain by PB, number of fragments directed to the lesion, number of fragments with prostatic adenocarcinoma (PCa) and ISUP classification. The relationship between mpMRI and SS piece was analysed in 15 patients who underwent RP. Results: Regarding agreement between mpMRI and PB, agreement of location was observed in 26 (70.3%); 7 (18.9%) presented PCa positive fragments in the suspected zone plus others in the same lobe; 3 (8.1%) in the suspected zone plus the contralateral lobe and 1 (2.7%) had no PCa in the suspected zone but had bilateral PCa. The total number of fragments with PCa was lower in cases with agreement between mpMRI and PB (p < 0.05). Regarding agreement between mpMRI and SS, 5 cases (33.3%) presented the same location as described by mpMRI, 5 (33.3%) showed ipsilateral lesions in other zones of the prostate; 4 (26.7%) presented extensive bilateral lesions on all prostate zones and 1 (6.7%) showed previously unknown contralateral lesions. None of the factors studied related mpMRI and RP (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Localization agreement of mpMRI vs PB and mpMRI vs SS was present in 26/37 (70.3%) and 5/15 (33.3%), respectively. That suggests the existence of other lesions (multifocality) not identified on mpMRI.
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- 2020
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21. Diabetes mellitus and prostate cancer metabolism: Is there a relationship?
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Hugo Pontes Antunes, Ricardo Teixo, João André Carvalho, Miguel Eliseu, Inês Marques, Ana Mamede, Rita Neves, Rui Oliveira, Edgar Tavares-da-Silva, Belmiro Parada, Ana Margarida Abrantes, Arnaldo Figueiredo, and Maria Filomena Botelho
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Diabetes ,Glucose ,Prostate cancer ,Hormonal receptors ,18F-FDG. ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the effects of glucose levels and diabetes mellitus in prostate cancer (PCa) biology. Materials and methods: Two PCa cell lines (LNCap and PC3) were cultured in RPMI medium with different glucose concentrations [5mM (LG) and 25mM (HG)]. Expressions of androgen receptor, Her2/neu and glucose transporters (GLUT1, 3, 5 and 12) were evaluated by flow cytometry. Proliferation rate was assessed by colorimetric assay MTT and cellular characterization was performed by haematoxylin and eosin staining. Additionally, we performed a cross sectional analysis of 704 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy who were divided into two groups (diabetic and non-diabetic). An analysis of clinical and histological data seeking to identify the differences on tumor aggressiveness between the two groups was performed. Results: In LNCaP cell line, when the glucose concentration in the medium increased, there was an increased in AR expression. Regarding expression of Her2/neu receptor, medium’s glucose concentration significantly changed the expression of this receptor in both PC3 and LNCaP cell lines. Growth rate was higher on the HG medium for both cell lines. The clinical study of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy revealed no relationship between the presence of diabetes and the development of more aggressive tumours. Diabetic patients had significantly higher prostatic volumes, however, no significant difference was found between the relapse risk classification or the ISUP classification between the two groups. Conclusions: Our results showed that medium glucose concentration could influence prostate cancer cells growing but not the aggressiveness.
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- 2018
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22. Prognostic value of subclassification (pT2 stage) of pathologically organ-confined prostate cancer: Confirmation of the changes introduced in the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system
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Hugo Pontes Antunes, Belmiro Parada, João Carvalho, Miguel Eliseu, Roberto Jarimba, Rui Oliveira, Edgar Tavares-da-Silva, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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prostatic neoplasms ,biochemical recurrence ,prostatectomy ,neoplasm staging ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Objective: The last edition of the AJCC staging system eliminated the pT2 subclassification of prostate cancer (PCa). Our objective was to evaluate the association of pT2 subclassification with the oncological results of patients with PCa who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP). Material and methods: We evaluated 367 patients who underwent RP between 2009 and 2016, with pT2 disease in the final pathological evaluation. We assessed differences in rates of biochemical recurrence (BCR), metastasis and mortality between T2 substages (pT2a/b vs pT2c). Results: Fifty-three (14.4%) patients presented pT2a/b disease and 314 (85.6%) pT2c disease. The mean follow-up time was 4.9 ± 2.6 years. Grade group scores (p = 0.1) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) (p = 0.2) did not differed between pT2 substages. The rate of BCR in pT2a/b and pT2c patients was 11.3% and 18.2%, respectively (p = 0.2). Five (9.4%) patients with pT2a/b and 45 (14.3%) with pT2c substage underwent salvage radiotherapy (p = 0.3). The rate of positive surgical margins did not differ between groups (p = 0.2). Seven (2.2%) patients with pT2c had lymph nodes or distant metastases. The overall survival was 92.5% and 93.6% in pT2a/b and pT2c, respectively (p = 0.2). Conclusion: Our results are in accordance with the changes introduced in the 8th edition of the AJCC staging system in which the pT2 subclassification was eliminated.
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- 2018
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23. Mechanisms of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) regulation: clinical impacts in cancer
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Ricardo Leão, Joana Dias Apolónio, Donghyun Lee, Arnaldo Figueiredo, Uri Tabori, and Pedro Castelo-Branco
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Telomeres ,Telomerase ,Telomerase regulation ,Cancer biomarkers ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Limitless self-renewal is one of the hallmarks of cancer and is attained by telomere maintenance, essentially through telomerase (hTERT) activation. Transcriptional regulation of hTERT is believed to play a major role in telomerase activation in human cancers. Main body The dominant interest in telomerase results from its role in cancer. The role of telomeres and telomere maintenance mechanisms is well established as a major driving force in generating chromosomal and genomic instability. Cancer cells have acquired the ability to overcome their fate of senescence via telomere length maintenance mechanisms, mainly by telomerase activation. hTERT expression is up-regulated in tumors via multiple genetic and epigenetic mechanisms including hTERT amplifications, hTERT structural variants, hTERT promoter mutations and epigenetic modifications through hTERT promoter methylation. Genetic (hTERT promoter mutations) and epigenetic (hTERT promoter methylation and miRNAs) events were shown to have clinical implications in cancers that depend on hTERT activation. Knowing that telomeres are crucial for cellular self-renewal, the mechanisms responsible for telomere maintenance have a crucial role in cancer diseases and might be important oncological biomarkers. Thus, rather than quantifying TERT expression and its correlation with telomerase activation, the discovery and the assessment of the mechanisms responsible for TERT upregulation offers important information that may be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring in oncology. Furthermore, a better understanding of these mechanisms may promote their translation into effective targeted cancer therapies. Conclusion Herein, we reviewed the underlying mechanisms of hTERT regulation, their role in oncogenesis, and the potential clinical applications in telomerase-dependent cancers.
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- 2018
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24. Cold Atmospheric Plasma, a Novel Approach against Bladder Cancer, with Higher Sensitivity for the High-Grade Cell Line
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Edgar Tavares-da-Silva, Eurico Pereira, Ana S. Pires, Ana R. Neves, Catarina Braz-Guilherme, Inês A. Marques, Ana M. Abrantes, Ana C. Gonçalves, Francisco Caramelo, Rafael Silva-Teixeira, Fernando Mendes, Arnaldo Figueiredo, and Maria Filomena Botelho
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cold atmospheric plasma ,plasma medicine ,bladder cancer ,reactive oxygen and nitrogen species ,cell death ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Antitumor therapies based on Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) are an emerging medical field. In this work, we evaluated CAP effects on bladder cancer. Two bladder cancer cell lines were used, HT-1376 (stage III) and TCCSUP (stage IV). Cell proliferation assays were performed evaluating metabolic activity (MTT assay) and protein content (SRB assay). Cell viability, cell cycle, and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) were assessed using flow cytometry. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were evaluated by fluorescence. The assays were carried out with different CAP exposure times. For both cell lines, we obtained a significant reduction in metabolic activity and protein content. There was a decrease in cell viability, as well as a cell cycle arrest in S phase. The Δψm was significantly reduced. There was an increase in superoxide and nitric oxide and a decrease in peroxide contents, while GSH content did not change. These results were dependent on the exposure time, with small differences for both cell lines, but overall, they were more pronounced in the TCCSUP cell line. CAP showed to have a promising antitumor effect on bladder cancer, with higher sensitivity for the high-grade cell line.
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- 2021
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25. PET/CT com Fluorocolina-F18 em Doentes com Carcinoma da Próstata em Recidiva Bioquímica
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Paula Lapa, Rodolfo Silva, Tiago Saraiva, Arnaldo Figueiredo, Rui Ferreira, Gracinda Costa, and João Pedroso Lima
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Fluorocolina ,Neoplasias da Próstata ,Radiofármacos ,Tomografia por Emissão de Positrões. ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Introdução: No carcinoma da próstata, é frequente, após terapêutica com intuito curativo, ocorrer recidiva bioquímica. O objectivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o impacto da PET/CT com fluorocolina-F18 no restadiamento e orientação destes doentes e analisar a influência, da estratificação de risco, dos valores do PSA e da terapêutica de supressão hormonal, na sensibilidade da técnica. Material e Métodos: Análise retrospectiva de 107 doentes com carcinoma da próstata em recidiva bioquímica que realizaram PET/CT com fluorocolina-F18 no nosso hospital, entre dezembro de 2009 e maio de 2014. Resultados: A sensibilidade global foi de 63,2% sendo 80,0% quando PSA > 2 ng/mL. Foi possível identificar doença à distância em 28% dos doentes. A sensibilidade aumentou de 40,0% em doentes de risco baixo e intermédio para 55,2% em doentes de alto risco. Sem terapêutica de supressão hormonal, a sensibilidade foi de 61,8% enquanto no grupo sob essa terapêutica, foi de 67,7%. Discussão: A PET/CT com fluorocolina-F18 forneceu informações relevantes, mesmo em doentes com baixos valores do PSA, contudo, com incremento significativo da sensibilidade nos doentes com PSA >2 ng/mL. A sensibilidade foi superior nos doentes de alto risco comparativamente com os de risco baixo e intermédio, contudo, sem uma diferença estatisticamente significativa. A terapêutica de supressão hormonal parece não influenciar a captação de Fluorocolina-F18 nos doentes resistentes à castração. Conclusões: Neste estudo, a PET/CT com fluorocolina-F18 apresentou bons resultados no restadiamento de doentes com carcinoma da próstata em recidiva bioquímica, distinguindo entre doença loco-regional e sistémica, informação com importantes consequências na definição da estratégia terapêutica.
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- 2016
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26. Chemopreventive Efficacy of Atorvastatin against Nitrosamine-Induced Rat Bladder Cancer: Antioxidant, Anti-Proliferative and Anti-Inflammatory Properties
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Belmiro Parada, Flávio Reis, Ângela Pinto, José Sereno, Maria Xavier-Cunha, Paula Neto, Petronila Rocha-Pereira, Alfredo Mota, Arnaldo Figueiredo, and Frederico Teixeira
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bladder cancer ,chemoprevention ,atorvastatin ,antioxidant ,anti-proliferative ,anti-inflammatory ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
To investigate the anti-carcinogenic effects of Atorvastatin (Atorva) on a rat bladder carcinogenesis model with N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxibutil)nitrosamine (BBN), four male Wistar rat groups were studied: (1) Control: vehicle; (2) Atorva: 3 mg/kg bw/day; (3) Carcinogen: BBN (0.05%); (4) Preventive Atorva: 3 mg/kg bw/day Atorva + BBN. A two phase protocol was used, in which the drug and the carcinogen were given between week 1 and 8 and tumor development or chemoprevention were expressed between week 9 and 20, when the bladders were collected for macroscopic, histological and immunohistochemical (p53, ki67, CD31) evaluation. Serum was assessed for markers of inflammation, proliferation and redox status. The incidence of bladder carcinoma was: control 0/8 (0%); Atorva 0/8 (0%); BBN 13/20 (65%) and Atorva + BBN 1/8 (12.5%). The number and volume of tumors were significantly lower in the Atorva + BBN group, with a marked reduction in hyperplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ lesions. An anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant profile was also observed in the preventive Atorva group. p53 and ki67 immunostaining were significantly increased in the BBN-treated rats, which was prevented in the Atorva + BBN group. No differences were found for CD31 expression. In conclusion, Atorvastatin had a clear inhibitory effect on bladder cancer development, probably due to its antioxidant, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory properties.
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- 2012
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27. A case of renal cell carcinoma with abundant smooth muscle (leiomyomatous) stroma and the differential diagnosis
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Carlos Filipe Abrantes, Rui Caetano Oliveira, Luís Sepúlveda, Arnaldo Figueiredo, Carol Marinho, Vítor Sousa, and Lígia Prado e Castro
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Kidney, Renal cell carcinoma, Clear cells, Leiomyomatous stroma ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma with smooth muscle stroma (RCCSMS) is a rare and controversial renal cancer type with indolent behavior. This separation of this entity from other types of renal cell carcinoma is supported by recent published studies but not yet recognized by the World Health Organization. We present a case of a 72 years old female, with incidental finding on abdominal ultrasound of a renal nodule with 1.5cm. The patient underwent partial nephrectomy and the pathological evaluation showed an epithelial tumor composed of nests and trabeculae of polygonal cells with clear cytoplasm and low grade nuclear features, surrounded by an abundant stroma composed by fascicles of spindle cells without significant pleomorphism or mitoses. Immunohistochemically, the epithelial cells showed strong and diffuse positivity for CK7, CD10, vimentin and EMA; staining for RCC was focal. The stromal cells were positive for vimentin, smooth muscle actin, HHF35, desmin and caldesmon; ER and PR were negative. The staining for HMB45 and Melan-A was negative in both components. So the final diagnosis of RCCSMS was made. It’s important to be aware of this entity in order to differentiate RCCSMS from renal cancers with less favorable prognosis and higher degree of malignancy, like clear cell renal cell carcinoma, especially with sarcomatoid change.
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- 2015
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28. Preventive but Not Curative Efficacy of Celecoxib on Bladder Carcinogenesis in a Rat Model
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José Sereno, Belmiro Parada, Flávio Reis, Fernanda X. Cunha, Edite Teixeira-Lemos, Patrícia Garrido, Rui Pinto, Petronila Rocha-Pereira, Paula Neto, José Ruivo, Paulo Rodrigues-Santos, Sara Nunes, Alfredo Mota, Arnaldo Figueiredo, and Frederico Teixeira
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Pathology ,RB1-214 - Abstract
To evaluate the effect of a cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, celecoxib (CEL), on bladder cancer inhibition in a rat model, when used as preventive versus as curative treatment. The study comprised 52 male Wistar rats, divided in 5 groups, during a 20-week protocol: control: vehicle, carcinogen: 0.05% of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN), CEL: 10 mg/kg/day of the selective COX-2 inhibitor Celebrex, preventive CEL (CEL+BBN-P), and curative CEL (BBN+CEL-C) groups. Although tumor growth was markedly inhibited by the preventive application of CEL, it was even aggravated by the curative treatment. The incidence of gross bladder carcinoma was: control 0/8(0%), BBN 13/20(65%), CEL 0/8(0%), CEL+BBN-P 1/8(12.5%), and BBN+CEL-C 6/8(75%). The number and volume of carcinomas were significantly lower in the CEL+BBN-P versus BBN, accompanied by an ample reduction in hyperplasia, dysplasia, and papillary tumors as well as COX-2 immunostaining. In spite of the reduction of tumor volumes in the curative BBN+CEL-C group, tumor malignancy was augmented. An anti-inflammatory and antioxidant profile was encountered only in the group under preventive treatment. In conclusion, preventive, but not curative, celecoxib treatment promoted a striking inhibitory effect on bladder cancer development, reinforcing the potential role of chemopreventive strategies based on cyclooxygenase 2 inhibition.
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- 2010
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29. Treatment of Recurrent Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis After Kidney Transplant With Rituximab: A Successful Case Report
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Rita M. Silva, Rita Leal, Maria G. Marques, Luis Rodrigues, Lidia Santos, Catarina Romaozinho, Rui Alves, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Transplantation - Published
- 2023
30. Renal Transplantation in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis: A Single-Center 10-Year Experience
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Rita M. Silva, Rita Leal, Maria G. Marques, Luís Rodrigues, Lídia Santos, Catarina Romãozinho, Rui Alves, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Transplantation ,Surgery - Published
- 2023
31. Vascular closure devices in living donor nephrectomy: a much‐needed systematic review and meta‐analysis focusing on safety
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Francisco Javier Burgos Revilla, Alberto Artiles Medina, Ana Domínguez Gutiérrez, Alfonso Muriel García, Arnaldo Figueiredo, and Victoria Gómez Dos Santos
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Urology - Published
- 2023
32. Impacto na Função Sexual Após Resseção Anterior do Reto: Estudo Transversal
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Joao Lorigo, Ana Oliveira, António Manso, Edgar Silva, António Ribeiro, José G. Tralhão, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Organic Chemistry ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Introdução: Com a evolução e melhoria da técnica cirúrgica e dos cuidados médicos de suporte, a esperança média de vida dos doentes aumentou, pelo que aspetos como a qualidade de vida após cirurgia têm sido cada vez mais valorizados. A resseção anterior do reto (RAR) é uma opção terapêutica para doentes com certas patologias localizadas ao reto (como adenocarcinoma). Esta técnica tem potencial de acarretar importantes morbilidades pós cirúrgicas, não só gastrointestinais, mas também urológicas, como incontinência e disfunção erétil. O objetivo foi avaliar o impacto na função erétil e sexual de doentes submetidos a RAR. Material e Métodos: Estudo transversal, que incluiu todos os doentes do sexo masculino submetidos a RAR entre novembro de 2018 e setembro 2019 no Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC) (n=43). A população apresentou uma média de idade de 66,1±9,9 anos (idades compreendidas entre 29 e 90). Foram realizadas entrevistas telefónicas e foi efetuado um questionário acerca da sexualidade e função erétil prévios à cirurgia, bem como após a mesma. Para este fim, foi utilizado o Index Internacional da Função Erétil Simplificado (IIEF-5) com um cut-off de pontuação
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- 2023
33. Efeito da Circuncisão na Sexualidade Masculina
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Mário Lourenço, João Carvalho, Edgar Tavares-Silva, Belmiro Parada, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Organic Chemistry ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Introdução: O efeito da circuncisão sobre a função sexual masculina é controverso, podendo ter efeitos positivos ou negativos em vários domínios da sexualidade (função erétil, ejaculação, orgasmo, desejo). O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito da circuncisão na função sexual. Métodos: Amostra composta por todos os doentes circuncisados pelo mesmo cirurgião (investigador principal) nos últimos 26 meses, com idade inferior a 60 anos e com atividade sexual nos 30 dias prévios às entrevistas. Para avaliação da função sexual pré e pós-circuncisão foram usados os questionários International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) e o Brief Male Sexual Function Inventory (BMSFI), sendo que os dados pré-circuncisão foram obtidos de forma retrospetiva. Foram ainda questionados o motivo da circuncisão, o tempo de latência intravaginal e o grau de satisfação dos doentes com o procedimento. Resultados: Amostra composta por 25 doentes, idade média de 36,3±10,3 anos (lim: 22-55), sendo a avaliação realizada em média 11,4±5,4 meses após a cirurgia (lim: 5-26). Dos indivíduos avaliados, 52.0% referiram melhoria da vida sexual, 44,0% não notaram diferença e 4,0% referiram agravamento. Repetiriam a cirurgia 92,0% dos indivíduos.Não existiram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os resultados pré-circuncisão e pós-circuncisão em relação ao IELT (p=0,608), satisfação sexual “subjetiva” (p=0,130), score total do BMFSI (p=0.054) e score do IIEF-5 (p=0,351).Há uma correlação entre os scores BMFSI pré-circuncisão e pós-circuncisão e os scores IIEF-5 pré e pós-circuncisão, respetivamente (p
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- 2022
34. Results of Repeat Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor After Macroscopically Complete Primary Resection
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Miguel Eliseu, Vera Marques, Hugo Antunes, Mário Lourenço, Edgar Tavares-da-Silva, Paulo Temido, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Organic Chemistry ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Introduction: Non-muscle invasive (NMI) bladder cancers (BC) account for 75% of BC cases, and most are initially diagnosed and treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURB). After primary TURB, a repeat resection (rTURB) should be carried out in cases of incomplete resection; however, rTURB is recommended by EAU guidelines in pT1 tumors even when the completeness of the original resection is believed by the surgeon, with reported rates of residual tumor in up to 33%-55% and upstaging in up to 25%. Since the quality of initial resection impacts in the result of a rTURB, these rates are largely dependent on the primary treatment and accurate prediction of completeness, with a probable high variability between surgeons and Centres. Our objectives to determine whether rTURB after initial perceived complete resection would frequently identify residual tumor and if this procedure would improve outcomes in NMIBC patients. Methods: Patients submitted to TURB from 2015 to 2017 were analysed, identifying which underwent rTURB after initial resection without follow-up cystoscopy in between. Primary perception of completeness, stage and grade were correlated with the eventual presence, stage and grade of residual tumor. Results: We analyzed 546 TURB procedures; of these, 275 (50.4%) were for primary bladder cancer. pT1 lesions were found in 85 (30.9%) of primary TURBs; 12 of these were selected for rTURB due to incomplete resection. Of the remaining 73 macros- copically completely resected primary pT1 tumors, 26 (30.6%) underwent elective rTURB. Repeat TURB after complete resection of primary pT1 tumors yielded residual tumor in 11.5% of patients (n= 3). All patients with residual tumor had primary pT1 high grade lesions; no upstaging or upgrading was observed. Patients had similar recurrence rates at 1-year regardless of rTURB. Discussion/Conclusion: Standard practice in primary TURB pro- cedures varies across surgeons and centers and will reflect on residual tumor rates. Indications for rTURB might not be suitable for all patients, and single Centre results should be taken in consideration when selecting patients for rTURB.
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- 2022
35. Correction to: Nonmetastatic Castration‑Resistant Prostate Cancer: Current Challenges and Trends
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Arnaldo Figueiredo, Luís Costa, Maria Joaquina Maurício, Luís Figueira, Rodrigo Ramos, and Carlos Martins-da-Silva
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Pharmacology (medical) ,General Medicine - Published
- 2023
36. Tacrolimus Trough Intravariability in Patients Treated With the Prolonged-Release Formulation Is a Risk Factor for Acute Graft Rejection
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Luís Rodrigues, Carolina Figueiredo, Arnaldo Figueiredo, Rui Alves, Ana Galvão, Catarina Romãozinho, and Filipe Mira
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Adult ,Graft Rejection ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Urology ,Tacrolimus ,Maintenance therapy ,Risk Factors ,Humans ,Medicine ,Risk factor ,Retrospective Studies ,Transplantation ,Kidney ,Graft rejection ,Receiver operating characteristic ,business.industry ,Graft Survival ,Retrospective cohort study ,Immunosuppression ,Middle Aged ,Treatment Outcome ,surgical procedures, operative ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Female ,business ,Immunosuppressive Agents - Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tacrolimus has a narrow therapeutic window, and lack of adherence to the therapeutic regimen is a main risk factor for acute graft rejection; hence, the prolonged-release formulation was created. A high intrapatient variability for tacrolimus trough levels has been associated with worse graft outcomes; therefore, we investigated the correlation between the tacrolimus variation coefficient and the development of biopsy-proven acute graft rejection in kidney transplant patients with typical maintenance immunosuppression versus the prolonged-release formulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a single-center observational retrospective study that included all adult kidney transplants from deceased donors between January 2011 and December 2014 for which the transplant recipients were given maintenance therapy with tacrolimus prolonged-release formulation (Advagraf). The overall tacrolimus variation coefficient was calculated for the follow-up period from transplant until December 2019. Biopsy-proven acute graft rejection results were collected throughout follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software. RESULTS The study was composed of 147 patients with a mean follow-up time of 60.4 ± 15 months. The mean age of the patients was 47.5 ± 11.9 years and 67.3% were men. Of these 147 patients, 29 had at least 1 episode of acute graft rejection during follow-up. There was a significant correlation between patients with a higher tacrolimus variation coefficient and the presence of biopsy-proven acute graft rejection. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine an intrapatient variability cutoff point of 28.3% for tacrolimus. Younger patients were also more likely than older patients to develop acute graft rejection in our sample. CONCLUSIONS High intrapatient variability of tacrolimus trough levels is a risk factor for acute graft rejection in kidney transplant patients.
- Published
- 2021
37. The Role of Ga-68-PSMA PET/CT in the Initial Staging of Prostate Cancer – A Single Center 4 Year Experience
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João Pedroso Lima, Edgar Tavares-da-Silva, João Carvalho, Gracinda Costa, Arnaldo Figueiredo, Vasco Quaresma, Rodolfo Silva, and Paulo Azinhais
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Urology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,PET-CT ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Metastasis ,Management of prostate cancer ,Prostate cancer ,bone metastases ,Prostate ,lymphatic metastases ,metastasis ,Medicine ,Prospective cohort study ,Original Research ,Research and Reports in Urology ,business.industry ,Prostatectomy ,prostate cancer ,medicine.disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Radiology ,Prostate cancer staging ,business ,specificity and sensitivity - Abstract
João P Lima,1 João Carvalho,1 Vasco Quaresma,1 Edgar Tavares-da-Silva,1 Rodolfo Silva,2 Paulo Azinhais,2 Gracinda Costa,2 Arnaldo Figueiredo1 1Urology and Renal Transplantation Department, Coimbra University Hospital Center, Coimbra, Portugal; 2Nuclear Medicine Department, Coimbra University Hospital Centre, Coimbra, PortugalCorrespondence: João P LimaUrology and Renal Transplantation Department, Coimbra University Hospital Center, Praceta R. Prof. Mota Pinto, Coimbra, 3004-561, PortugalEmail joaopedrosolima@gmail.comBackground: Recommended imaging modalities for prostate cancer staging have disappointing sensitivities, whereas [68Ga]-PSMA PET/CT (PET-PSMA) shows promising sensitivities and specificities in the initial management of prostate cancer. Recent studies have revealed that a significant change of management when PET-PSMA was used, with favorable negative predictive values.Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed every PET-PSMA performed in our center for initial staging of intermediate and high-risk prostate cancer. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether imaging modalities other than PET-PSMA were performed. In patients submitted to radical prostatectomy, PET-PSMA findings were compared to histological analysis of the specimen.Results: PET-PSMA results of 57 patients were gathered, with 77.2% (n=44) having performed CT scan or bone scan (BS) prior to PET-PSMA. Prostate cancer management strategy was changed in 61.4% (n=27), when PET-PSMA was performed following CT and BS. BS and CT results were consistent with PET-PSMA in 43.2% and 44.8%, respectively. In 30 cases, a curative strategy was used based on PET-PSMA findings. PET-PSMA revealed a negative predictive value of 95.2% in 23 patients submitted to radical prostatectomy with bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. Prostate SUV values on preoperative PET-PSMA correlated with initial PSA, ISUP grade, PC risk staging and presence of extraprostatic lesions.Conclusions: PET-PSMA is a key element for prostate cancer staging and management, with high diagnostic accuracy. More prospective studies need to be implemented to determine its role as a first-line staging tool.Keywords: PET-CT, prostate cancer, specificity and sensitivity, metastasis, lymphatic metastases, bone metastases
- Published
- 2021
38. Acute Urinary Retention After Kidney Transplant: Effect on Graft Function, Predictive Factors, and Treatment
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Lorenzo Marconi, P. Moreira, A. Roseiro, Pedro Simões, Belmiro Parada, Edgar Tavares-da-Silva, Arnaldo Figueiredo, E. Retroz, Catarina Romãozinho, Pedro Nunes, Ana Catarina de Oliveira Marinho, C. Bastos, and Lídia Santos
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Prostatic Hyperplasia ,Urology ,Renal function ,Lower risk ,medicine ,Humans ,Obstructive uropathy ,Kidney transplantation ,Retrospective Studies ,Transurethral resection of the prostate ,Transplantation ,business.industry ,Urinary retention ,Transurethral Resection of Prostate ,Middle Aged ,Urinary Retention ,medicine.disease ,Kidney Transplantation ,Acute Disease ,Surgery ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Background Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is common in older adults. Although BPH may be asymptomatic in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) with low diuresis, the condition may become troublesome when diuresis resumes after transplantation. This study evaluated the effect that developing acute urinary retention (AUR) in first 4 months after kidney transplantation (KT) can have on graft function at 6 months. The study identified predictive factors and analyzed treatment of AUR in these patients. Methods This study retrospectively included 303 men who received KT. Independent samples Student t test was used to compare glomerular filtration rates (GFRs) at 6 months. Logistic regression was applied to identify predictors of AUR. Results The study found that 14 patients developed AUR within the first 4 months after KT. This group had lower GFR at 6 months post-KT. Nine patients required transurethral resection of the prostate, and 2 of these patients developed acute graft pyelonephritis following resection. Residual diuresis and recipient age were predictive factors. Recipient age >55 years was a risk factor. Medical therapy of BPH before transplantation was a protective factor. Conclusions Developing AUR in the first 4 months after KT was associated with lower graft GFR at 6 months, and transurethral resection of the prostate was required in 64% of these patients, with good results. Medical therapy for BPH before the transplant was associated with a lower risk of AUR. Older patients and patients with pretransplant low urine output had a higher risk of AUR. These patients should be closely monitored in the posttransplant period for the presence of obstructive uropathy.
- Published
- 2021
39. Borderline Changes in Renal Transplantation: Are We Aware of the Real Impact in Graft Survival?
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Luís Rodrigues, Rita Leal, Helena Sá, Maria Guedes Marques, Ana Carolina Figueiredo, Catarina Romãozinho, Rui Alves, Arnaldo Figueiredo, Clara Pardinhas, Lídia Santos, and Filipe Mira
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Adult ,Graft Rejection ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Biopsy ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Minimal Clinically Important Difference ,Transplants ,Kidney ,Gastroenterology ,Young Adult ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Clinical significance ,Postoperative Period ,Survival analysis ,Retrospective Studies ,Immunosuppression Therapy ,Transplantation ,Thymoglobulin ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Graft Survival ,Retrospective cohort study ,Immunosuppression ,Middle Aged ,Kidney Transplantation ,Treatment Outcome ,Concomitant ,Female ,Surgery ,business ,Glomerular Filtration Rate - Abstract
Background Borderline changes suspicious for acute T-cell–mediated rejection (BC) are frequently seen on biopsy specimens, but their clinical significance and clinical management are still controversial. Our goal was to compare clinical outcomes of kidney transplant recipients with biopsy-proven BC vs acute T-cell–mediated rejection (aTCMR) and the influence of treating BC on graft outcomes. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed in all kidney transplant recipients with biopsy-proven BC and aTCMR between January 2012 and December 2018, according to Banff 2017 criteria; patients with concomitant antibody-mediated rejection were excluded. Results We included 85 patients, 30 with BC (35.3%) and 55 with aTCMR (64.7%). There was no difference between groups regarding demographics, HLA matching and sensitization, immunosuppression, or time of transplant. Treatment with steroids was started in 15 patients with BC (50%) and in all patients with aTCMR, with 4 of the latter additionally receiving thymoglobulin (7.2%). At 1 year post biopsy, overall graft survival was 71%, and despite presenting better estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at biopsy (33.3 ± 23.4 vs 19.9 ± 13.2 mL/min/1.73 m2, P = .008), patients in the BC group presented the same graft survival as the aTCMR group according to Kaplan-Meyer survival curves. When analyzing the BC group (n = 30) and comparing the patients who were treated (n = 15) vs a conservative approach (n = 15), graft survival at 1 year was 87% for treated patients and 73% for nontreated patients (P = .651), with no difference in eGFR for patients with functioning graft. However, at longer follow-up, survival curves showed a trend for better graft survival in treated patients (70.2 ± 9.2 vs 38.4 ± 8.4 months, P = .087). Conclusion Our study showed that patients with BC did not present better graft survival or graft function at 1 year after biopsy or at follow-up compared with the aTCMR group, despite better eGFR at diagnosis. We found a trend for better graft survival in patients with BC treated with steroids compared with a conservative approach. These results reinforce the importance of borderline changes in graft outcomes and that the decision to treat can influence long-term outcomes.
- Published
- 2021
40. Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Current Challenges and Trends
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Arnaldo Figueiredo, Luís Costa, Maria Joaquina Maurício, Luís Figueira, Rodrigo Ramos, and Carlos Martins-da-Silva
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Male ,Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,General Medicine ,Neoplasm Grading ,Prostate-Specific Antigen - Abstract
Prostate carcinoma is a highly prevalent biologically and clinically diverse disease, generally associated with a consistent elevation of prostate-specific antigen levels. Castration-resistant prostate cancer represents a heterogeneous clinical setting that ranges from patients with an asymptomatic prostate-specific antigen elevation after hormone blockade failure and good performance status to patients with significant debilitating symptoms and rapidly progressive disease, leading to death. Nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer is a transient disease stage defined over specific criteria established within a sensitive time period. The majority of the patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer will eventually develop metastatic lesions, associated with prostate cancer-specific morbidity and mortality. However, progression to metastatic disease is a heterogeneous process still not fully understood, with studies suggesting that younger age, high Gleason score ( 7), high prostate-specific antigen levels, reduced prostate-specific antigen doubling time ( 6 months), and a rapid alkaline phosphatase rise as potentially associated factors. Although the nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treatment landscape has substantially evolved in recent years, the disease heterogeneity makes treatment decisions for this population challenging in the effort to achieve a balance between the risk of disease progression and the toxicity of new treatments in patients who often have associated comorbidities, yet are generally asymptomatic. The present article addresses the current main challenges in nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer management, including in diagnosis, owing to the development of new imaging modalities with a direct impact in disease detection, prognostic classification, as a result of the traditionally oversimplified definition of disease aggressiveness (mainly based on prostate-specific antigen doubling time), and patient selection for the most adequate treatment.
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- 2022
41. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Interventions on Nephrolithiasis in Transplanted Kidney
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Romain Boissier, Oscar Rodriguez-Faba, Rhana Hassan Zakri, Vital Hevia, Klemens Budde, Arnaldo Figueiredo, Enrique Lledó García, Jonathon Olsburgh, Heinz Regele, Cathy Yuhong Yuan, and Alberto Breda
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Urology - Abstract
De Novo nephrolithiasis in renal transplant can have severe consequences since renal transplantation involves a single functioning kidney with medical and anatomical specificities (heterotopic transplantation on iliac vessels, immunosuppressive treatments, and comorbidities).To systematically review all available evidence on the prevalence of de novo nephrolithiasis in renal transplant, presentation, and stone characteristics, and to report in a meta-analysis the efficacy of stone treatments (extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy [ESWL], medical treatment, percutaneous nephrolithotomy [PCNL], open surgery, and ureteroscopy).Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched up to November 2021 for all relevant publications reporting the management of de novo nephrolithiasis in renal allografts. The primary outcome was stone-free rate (SFR) at 3 mo. Secondary outcomes included prevalence, stone characteristics (size, density, and composition), symptoms on presentation, need for drainage, complications, and recurrence. Data were narratively synthesized in light of methodological and clinical heterogeneity, and a meta-analysis was performed for SFR. The risk of bias of each included study was assessed.We included 37 retrospective studies with 553 patients and 612 procedures; of the 612 procedures 20 were antegrade ureteroscopy, 154 retrograde ureteroscopy, 118 PCNL, 25 open surgery, 155 ESWL, and 140 surveillance/medical treatment. The prevalence of nephrolithiasis in renal transplant was 1.0%. The mean stone size on diagnosis was 11 mm (2-50). The overall SFR at 3 mo was 82%: 96% with open surgery, 95% with antegrade ureteroscopy, 86% with PCNL, 81% with retrograde ureteroscopy, and 75% with ESWL.De novo nephrolithiasis in renal transplant is an infrequent condition. A high SFR were obtained with an antegrade approach (ureteroscopy, PCNL, and open approach) that should be considered in renal transplant patients owing to the heterotopic position of the renal graft. The choice of technique was correlated with stone size: generally ureteroscopy and ESWL for stones 11-12 mm (mean stone size) versus PCNL and open surgery for 17-25 mm stones.De novo nephrolithiasis in renal transplants is an infrequent situation that can have severe consequences on the function of the renal graft. We evaluated the efficacy of each treatment and noted that antegrade approaches (open surgery, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, and antegrade ureteroscopy) were associated with the highest stone-free rate. As opposed to the management of nephrolithiasis in native kidney, an antegrade approach should be considered more in renal transplant patients.
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- 2022
42. Are Pretransplant Kidney Biopsies Safe?
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João Lorigo, Edgar Silva, Mariana Fernandes, Vasco Quaresma, Luís Rodrigues, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Graft Rejection ,Transplantation ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Biopsy ,Graft Survival ,Humans ,Surgery ,Kidney - Abstract
Annually, about 500 kidneys are transplanted in Portugal. Despite some studies looking into the procurement biopsies' benefits (like the potential of predicting long term results and establishing a baseline), few have studied its risks, especially in the period between the harvest and the transplant.A cross-sectional study, including all patients who received a kidney graft between the 2019 and 2020 at the University Hospital of Coimbra (n = 203). Biopsies were done using a polar double core puncture technique with 18-gauge needles.Fifty-six patients (27.6%) received a biopsied graft. The median postoperative hemoglobin fall was 2.8 g/dL; this fall was more pronounced in the group that received a biopsied kidney (3.2 g/dL vs 2.6 g/dL; P.05). The number of transfusions needed during the hospital stay (2.2 U vs 1.3 U; P.05) and the median length of stay (13.2 ± 8.4 vs 10.6 ± 5.8, P.05) were greater in the biopsied group. Patients who received a biopsied kidney were older (median age of 57.3 vs 46.9). Cold ischemia time was greater in the biopsied group (19 hours vs 15.2 hours; P.05). However, we did not find a relation between the age and the hemoglobin drop or blood transfusions. At discharge, renal function was not statistically different between the 2 groups (P was nonsignificant).Despite the biopsies' potential advantages, they are not without risks. This study showed a statistical association between harvest biopsies and higher risks of hemorrhage, regardless of age. When needed, procurement biopsies seemed safe for the recipients, but at the expense of increased patient surveillance and resource consumption.
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- 2022
43. Impact of Positive Surgical Margins After Partial Nephrectomy
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Edgar Tavares-da-Silva, Rui Caetano, Arnaldo Figueiredo, Roberto Jarimba, P. Moreira, A. Cipriano, Vitor Sousa, E. Retroz, João André Carvalho, Belmiro Parada, and Pedro Nunes
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Positive surgical margins ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Multivariate analysis ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Urology ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Retrospective cohort study ,Kidney Cancer ,lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,lcsh:RC870-923 ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Nephrectomy ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,Medicine ,Laparoscopy ,Statistical analysis ,Positive Surgical Margin ,business ,Pathological - Abstract
Background The impact of positive surgical margins (PSMs) after partial nephrectomy (PN) is controversial. Objective To evaluate the risk factors for a PSM and its impact on overall survival. Design, setting, and participants This is a retrospective study of 388 patients were submitted to PN between November 2005 and December 2016 in a single centre. Two groups were created: PSM and negative surgical margin (NSM) after PN. A p value of, Take Home Message Positive surgical margins after partial nephrectomy were associated with a high risk of pathological lesions and lower surgeon volume. There was no impact on survival.
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- 2020
44. Long-Term Complications After Nephrectomy for Living Donor Transplant
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Ana Luísa Correia, Maria Guedes Marques, Rita Leal, Luís Rodrigues, Lídia Santos, Catarina Romãozinho, Rui Alves, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Adult ,Transplantation ,Proteinuria ,Living Donors ,Humans ,Surgery ,Middle Aged ,Kidney ,Nephrectomy ,Glomerular Filtration Rate ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Living donor kidney transplant represents the best treatment option for patients with end-stage kidney disease; however, it has been associated with possible risks to the donor. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of kidney donation in the donor's estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), blood pressure, and proteinuria and related risk factors.A single-center, retrospective study, including all living donors who underwent nephrectomy between January 2000 and December 2019, was performed. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. Risk factors for a decrease in eGFR30 mL/min/1.73 mEighty-six donors were included with a mean age of 46.7 ± 9.07 years. The mean follow-up was 105.6 ± 65.4 months, and 35 patients (41%) had more than 10 years of follow-up. No significant difference was found in proteinuria or body mass index (P.1) before and after the donation. The prevalence of hypertension was higher after kidney donation (9.3% vs 22.1%; P.001). A mean reduction in the eGFR in the first year of 37 ± 12 mL/min/1.73 mLiving donor nephrectomy appears to be an acceptably safe intervention. Predonation eGFR influences the adaptative response after nephrectomy; however, other variables did not have an impact on long-term outcome in our population.
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- 2022
45. A Less Common Cause of Acute Hepatitis in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Case Series
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Ana Luísa Correia, Ana Carolina Pimenta, Eduarda Carias, Maria Guedes Marques, Rita Leal, Luís Rodrigues, Lídia Santos, Catarina Romãozinho, Jorge Leitão, Rui Alves, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Transplantation ,Acute Disease ,Ribavirin ,Hepatitis E virus ,Humans ,Surgery ,Kidney Transplantation ,Transplant Recipients ,Hepatitis E - Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality, representing an important global public health problem. Immunocompetent patients with acute hepatitis E can clear the infection spontaneously; however, in approximately two thirds of cases, immunosuppressed patients, such as kidney transplant (KT) recipients, fail to clear the HEV infection and develop chronic hepatitis.We report 3 cases of HEV infection in KT patients. Two presented only with laboratory abnormalities and elevated liver enzymes, and 1 presented with symptomatic disease motivating hospital admission. None was able to clear the infection spontaneously, and they were all treated with ribavirin, accompanied with reduction of immunosuppressive drugs. Adverse effects of the treatment were reported in 2 patients, and in 1 case, a dose reduction was necessary. All patients responded to the treatment and have no current evidence of active disease. No alterations of basal kidney function during or related to the treatment were registered.HEV screening in KT patients presenting with abnormal liver function of undetermined cause is fundamental, as it might have poorer outcomes in this specific population. The treatment with ribavirin seems to be safe and effective, although we must always be alert to potential side effects, maintaining a close follow-up of these patients.
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- 2022
46. Kidney Retransplant: Not Too Old for a Second Chance
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Clara Pardinhas, Rita Leal, Carolina Figueiredo, Luís Rodrigues, Maria Guedes, Lídia Santos, Catarina Romãozinho, Helena Sá, Rui Alves, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Graft Rejection ,Reoperation ,Transplantation ,Risk Factors ,Graft Survival ,Humans ,Surgery ,Longitudinal Studies ,Middle Aged ,Kidney ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Kidney retransplant outcomes in the elderly are not well established. Our aim was to compare major clinical outcomes between patients older and younger than 60 years old at retransplant and between first and second kidney transplant (KT) for recipients older than 60 years old.We performed a retrospective, longitudinal study that included all patients who underwent KT between January 2008 and December 2019. We defined 3 groups according to recipient age and retransplant status: group 1, patients ≥60 years old and retransplant; group 2, patients60 years old and retransplant; group 3, patients ≥60 years old and first kidney transplant. We compared clinical outcomes such as acute rejection, death-censored graft survival, and patient survival between groups.We included 109 patients with a second KT, including 13 older than 60 years old (group 1) and 96 younger than 60 years old (group 2). There were no differences in death-censored graft survival or patient survival. There were no biopsy-proven acute rejections for older patients compared with 21 events in the younger group. Regarding differences between retransplant (group 1, n = 13) and first kidney transplant (group 3, n = 390) in patients older than 60 years old, there were no differences in death-censored graft survival at 1 and 5 years or in patient survival.In our study, major clinical outcomes of retransplant in the elderly were similar to those of their younger counterparts with a second graft and with those of older patients with a first graft.
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- 2022
47. Kidney Retransplantation Outcomes: A Paired Recipient Control Study
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Clara Pardinhas, Rita Leal, Carolina Figueiredo, Mariana Fernandes, Luís Rodrigues, Maria Guedes, Lídia Santos, Catarina Romãozinho, Luís Escada, António Martinho, Helena Oliveira Sá, Rui Alves, and Arnaldo Figueiredo
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Graft Rejection ,Reoperation ,Transplantation ,Graft Survival ,Living Donors ,Humans ,Surgery ,Kidney ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Despite progressive improvements in graft and patient survival after kidney transplantation over the last decades, an increasing number of patients are waitlisted for retransplantation. Identifying the risk factors for second graft failure can help us improve management for such patients. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of kidney retransplantation with those of first transplantation.This retrospective study included all the recipients of a second kidney transplant between January 2008 and December 2019. For each patient with a second kidney transplant, we selected the paired recipient from the same donor. We excluded recipients of donations from living donors, patient-and-donor pairs with more than 1 transplant, and patients without a pair. The follow-up took place December 31, 2020. We included 152 patients, corresponding to 76 pairs of recipients.Patients who underwent a second transplant had significantly higher panel reactive antibody values and longer waiting time for retransplantation. Biopsy-proven acute rejection episodes were doubled in patients undergoing a second transplant (P = .12). There was a lower survival of second grafts at the first, fifth, and 10th year (P.05). The main factor influencing graft loss for both groups was acute rejection, and, in patients, with a second transplant, acute rejection increased the risk of graft loss by 17 times (odds ratio, 17.5; 95% confidence interval, 4.19-98).The clinical results of second kidney transplants still fall short of first transplants, with the main factor of poor prognosis being acute rejection. In young patients, allocation and immunosuppression management should consider this risk to improve long-term outcomes.
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- 2022
48. The type of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine influences serological response in kidney transplant recipients
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Ana Luísa Correia, Rita Leal, Ana Carolina Pimenta, Mariana Fernandes, Maria Guedes Marques, Luís Rodrigues, Lídia Santos, Catarina Romãozinho, Helena Sá, Jorge Pratas, Lucília Araújo, Arnaldo Figueiredo, and Rui Alves
- Subjects
Vaccines, Synthetic ,Transplantation ,COVID-19 Vaccines ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Vaccination ,COVID-19 ,Humans ,mRNA Vaccines ,Antibodies, Viral ,Kidney Transplantation ,Transplant Recipients - Abstract
Vaccination is a promising strategy to control the ongoing pandemic; however, solid organ recipients tend to develop a weaker immune response to vaccination. Anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibodies titers were measured 2-4 weeks post-vaccination completion in 131 KT patients without previous infection. Demographic, clinical, and laboratorial parameters were analyzed to identify which factors contributed to seroconversion. Factors that influenced seroconversion, that occurred in 76 patients (58%), were longer time post-transplant, immunosuppression without an antiproliferative drug and vaccination with mRNA vaccines. Patients who received mRNA vaccines had significantly higher rates of seroconversion compared with adenovirus vector vaccines (67% vs 33%, P .001) and higher anti-spike IgG titers. These findings reinforce the need to discuss the vaccination strategy in this population, including a third dose with a mRNA vaccine.
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- 2022
49. Developing a Diagnostic Multivariable Prediction Model for Urinary Tract Cancer in Patients Referred with Haematuria: Results from the IDENTIFY Collaborative Study
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Sinan Khadhouri, Kevin M. Gallagher, Kenneth R. MacKenzie, Taimur T. Shah, Chuanyu Gao, Sacha Moore, Eleanor F. Zimmermann, Eric Edison, Matthew Jefferies, Arjun Nambiar, Thineskrishna Anbarasan, Miles P. Mannas, Taeweon Lee, Giancarlo Marra, Juan Gómez Rivas, Gautier Marcq, Mark A. Assmus, Taha Uçar, Francesco Claps, Matteo Boltri, Giuseppe La Montagna, Tara Burnhope, Nkwam Nkwam, Tomas Austin, Nicholas E. Boxall, Alison P. Downey, Troy A. Sukhu, Marta Antón-Juanilla, Sonpreet Rai, Yew-Fung Chin, Madeline Moore, Tamsin Drake, James S.A. Green, Beatriz Goulao, Graeme MacLennan, Matthew Nielsen, John S. McGrath, Veeru Kasivisvanathan, Aasem Chaudry, Abhishek Sharma, Adam Bennett, Adnan Ahmad, Ahmed Abroaf, Ahmed Musa Suliman, Aimee Lloyd, Alastair McKay, Albert Wong, Alberto Silva, Alexandre Schneider, Alison MacKay, Allen Knight, Alkiviadis Grigorakis, Amar Bdesha, Amy Nagle, Ana Cebola, Ananda Kumar Dhanasekaran, Andraž Kondža, André Barcelos, Andrea Benedetto Galosi, Andrea Ebur, Andrea Minervini, Andrew Russell, Andrew Webb, Ángel García de Jalón, Ankit Desai, Anna Katarzyna Czech, Anna Mainwaring, Anthony Adimonye, Arighno Das, Arnaldo Figueiredo, Arnauld Villers, Artur Leminski, Arvinda Chippagiri, Asim Ahmed Lal, Asıf Yıldırım, Athanasios Marios Voulgaris, Audrey Uzan, Aye Moh Moh Oo, Ayman Younis, Bachar Zelhof, Bashir Mukhtar, Ben Ayres, Ben Challacombe, Benedict Sherwood, Benjamin Ristau, Billy Lai, Brechtje Nellensteijn, Brielle Schreiter, Carlo Trombetta, Catherine Dowling, Catherine Hobbs, Cayo Augusto Estigarribia Benitez, Cédric Lebacle, Cherrie Wing Yin Ho, Chi-Fai Ng, Chloe Mount, Chon Meng Lam, Chris Blick, Christian Brown, Christopher Gallegos, Claire Higgs, Clíodhna Browne, Conor McCann, Cristina Plaza Alonso, Daniel Beder, Daniel Cohen, Daniel Gordon, Daniel Wilby, Danny Gordon, David Hrouda, David Hua Wu Lau, Dávid Karsza, David Mak, David Martin-Way, Denula Suthaharan, Dhruv Patel, Diego M Carrion, Donald Nyanhongo, Edward Bass, Edward Mains, Edwin Chau, Elba Canelon Castillo, Elizabeth Day, Elsayed Desouky, Emily Gaines, Emma Papworth, Emrah Yuruk, Enes Kilic, Eoin Dinneen, Erika Palagonia, Evanguelos Xylinas, Faizan Khawaja, Fernando Cimarra, Florian Bardet, Francesca Kum, Francesca Peters, Gábor Kovács, Geroge Tanasescu, Giles Hellawell, Giovanni Tasso, Gitte Lam, Giuseppe Pizzuto, Gordan Lenart, Günal Özgür, Hai Bi, Hannah Lyons, Hannah Warren, Hashim Ahmed, Helen Simpson, Helena Burden, Helena Gresty, Hernado Rios Pita, Holly Clarke, Hosam Serag, Howard Kynaston, Hugh Crawford-Smith, Hugh Mostafid, Hugo Otaola-Arca, Hui Fen Koo, Ibrahim Ibrahim, Idir Ouzaid, Ignacio Puche-Sanz, Igor Tomašković, Ilker Tinay, Iqbal Sahibzada, Isaac Thangasamy, Iván Revelo Cadena, Jacques Irani, Jakub Udzik, James Brittain, James Catto, James Green, James Tweedle, Jamie Borrego Hernando, Jamie Leask, Jas Kalsi, Jason Frankel, Jason Toniolo, Jay D. Raman, Jean Courcier, Jeevan Kumaradeevan, Jennifer Clark, Jennifer Jones, Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh, John Iacovou, John Kelly, John P. Selph, Jonathan Aning, Jon Deeks, Jonathan Cobley, Jonathan Olivier, Jonny Maw, José Antonio Herranz-Yagüe, Jose Ignacio Nolazco, Jose Manuel Cózar-Olmo, Joseph Bagley, Joseph Jelski, Joseph Norris, Joseph Testa, Joshua Meeks, Juan Hernandez, Juan Luis Vásquez, Karen Randhawa, Karishma Dhera, Katarzyna Gronostaj, Kathleen Houlton, Kathleen Lehman, Kathryn Gillams, Kelvin Adasonla, Kevin Brown, Kevin Murtagh, Kiki Mistry, Kim Davenport, Kosuke Kitamura, Laura Derbyshire, Laurence Clarke, Lawrie Morton, Levin Martinez, Louise Goldsmith, Louise Paramore, Luc Cormier, Lucio Dell'Atti, Lucy Simmons, Luis Martinez-Piñeiro, Luis Rico, Luke Chan, Luke Forster, Lulin Ma, Maria Camacho Gallego, Maria José Freire, Mark Emberton, Mark Feneley, Marta Viridiana Muñoz Rivero, Matea Pirša, Matteo Tallè, Matthew Crockett, Matthew Liew, Matthew Trail, Max Peters, Meghan Cooper, Meghana Kulkarni, Michael Ager, Ming He, Mo Li, Mohamed Omran Breish, Mohamed Tarin, Mohammed Aldiwani, Mudit Matanhelia, Muhammad Pasha, Mustafa Kaan Akalın, Nasreen Abdullah, Nathan Hale, Neha Gadiyar, Neil Kocher, Nicholas Bullock, Nicholas Campain, Nicola Pavan, Nihad Al-Ibraheem, Nikita Bhatt, Nishant Bedi, Nitin Shrotri, Niyati Lobo, Olga Balderas, Omar Kouli, Otakar Capoun, Pablo Oteo Manjavacas, Paolo Gontero, Paramananthan Mariappan, Patricio Garcia Marchiñena, Paul Erotocritou, Paul Sweeney, Paula Planelles, Peter Acher, Peter C. Black, Peter K Osei-Bonsu, Peter Østergren, Peter Smith, Peter-Paul Michiel Willemse, Piotr L. Chlosta, Qurrat Ul Ain, Rachel Barratt, Rachel Esler, Raihan Khalid, Ray Hsu, Remigiusz Stamirowski, Reshma Mangat, Ricardo Cruz, Ricky Ellis, Robert Adams, Robert Hessell, Robert J.A. Oomen, Robert McConkey, Robert Ritchie, Roberto Jarimba, Rohit Chahal, Rosado Mario Andres, Rosalyn Hawkins, Rotimi David, Rustom P. Manecksha, Sachin Agrawal, Syed Sami Hamid, Samuel Deem, Sanchia Goonewardene, Satchi Kuchibhotla Swami, Satoshi Hori, Shahid Khan, Shakeel Mohammud Inder, Shanthi Sangaralingam, Shekhar Marathe, Sheliyan Raveenthiran, Shigeo Horie, Shomik Sengupta, Sian Parson, Sidney Parker, Simon Hawlina, Simon Williams, Simone Mazzoli, Slawomir Grzegorz Kata, Sofia Pinheiro Lopes, Sónia Ramos, Sophie Rintoul-Hoad, Sorcha O'Meara, Steve Morris, Stacey Turner, Stefano Venturini, Stephanos Almpanis, Steven Joniau, Sunjay Jain, Susan Mallett, Sven Nikles, null Shahzad, Sylvia Yan, Tarq Toma, Teresa Cabañuz Plo, Thierry Bonnin, Tim Muilwijk, Tim Wollin, Timothy Shun Man Chu, Timson Appanna, Tom Brophy, Tom Ellul, Tomaž Smrkolj, Tracey Rowe, Troy Sukhu, Trushar Patel, Tullika Garg, Turhan Çaşkurlu, Uros Bele, Usman Haroon, Víctor Crespo-Atín, Victor Parejo Cortes, Victoria Capapé Poves, Vincent Gnanapragasam, Vineet Gauhar, Vinnie During, Vivek Kumar, Vojtech Fiala, Wasim Mahmalji, Wayne Lam, Yew Fung Chin, Yigit Filtekin, Yih Chyn Phan, Youssed Ibrahim, Zachary A Glaser, Zainal Adwin Abiddin, Zijian Qin, Zsuzsanna Zotter, Zulkifli Zainuddin, Khadhouri, Sinan, Gallagher, Kevin M., Mackenzie, Kenneth R., Shah, Taimur T., Gao, Chuanyu, Moore, Sacha, Zimmermann, Eleanor F., Edison, Eric, Jefferies, Matthew, Nambiar, Arjun, Anbarasan, Thineskrishna, Mannas, Miles P., Lee, Taeweon, Marra, Giancarlo, Gómez Rivas, Juan, Marcq, Gautier, Assmus, Mark A., Uçar, Taha, Claps, Francesco, Boltri, Matteo, La Montagna, Giuseppe, Burnhope, Tara, Nkwam, Nkwam, Austin, Toma, Boxall, Nicholas E., Downey, Alison P., Sukhu, Troy A., Antón-Juanilla, Marta, Rai, Sonpreet, Chin, Yew-Fung, Moore, Madeline, Drake, Tamsin, Green, James S. A., Goulao, Beatriz, Maclennan, Graeme, Nielsen, Matthew, Mcgrath, John S., Kasivisvanathan, Veeru, Chaudry, Aasem, Sharma, Abhishek, Bennett, Adam, Ahmad, Adnan, Abroaf, Ahmed, Suliman, Ahmed Musa, Lloyd, Aimee, Mckay, Alastair, Wong, Albert, Silva, Alberto, Schneider, Alexandre, Mackay, Alison, Knight, Allen, Grigorakis, Alkiviadi, Bdesha, Amar, Nagle, Amy, Cebola, Ana, Dhanasekaran, Ananda Kumar, Kondža, Andraž, Barcelos, André, Galosi, Andrea Benedetto, Ebur, Andrea, Minervini, Andrea, Russell, Andrew, Webb, Andrew, de Jalón, Ángel García, Desai, Ankit, Czech, Anna Katarzyna, Mainwaring, Anna, Adimonye, Anthony, Das, Arighno, Figueiredo, Arnaldo, Villers, Arnauld, Leminski, Artur, Chippagiri, Arvinda, Lal, Asim Ahmed, Yıldırım, Asıf, Voulgaris, Athanasios Mario, Uzan, Audrey, Oo, Aye Moh Moh, Younis, Ayman, Zelhof, Bachar, Mukhtar, Bashir, Ayres, Ben, Challacombe, Ben, Sherwood, Benedict, Ristau, Benjamin, Lai, Billy, Nellensteijn, Brechtje, Schreiter, Brielle, Trombetta, Carlo, Dowling, Catherine, Hobbs, Catherine, Benitez, Cayo Augusto Estigarribia, Lebacle, Cédric, Ho, Cherrie Wing Yin, Ng, Chi-Fai, Mount, Chloe, Lam, Chon Meng, Blick, Chri, Brown, Christian, Gallegos, Christopher, Higgs, Claire, Browne, Clíodhna, Mccann, Conor, Plaza Alonso, Cristina, Beder, Daniel, Cohen, Daniel, Gordon, Daniel, Wilby, Daniel, Gordon, Danny, Hrouda, David, Lau, David Hua Wu, Karsza, Dávid, Mak, David, Martin-Way, David, Suthaharan, Denula, Patel, Dhruv, Carrion, Diego M, Nyanhongo, Donald, Bass, Edward, Mains, Edward, Chau, Edwin, Canelon Castillo, Elba, Day, Elizabeth, Desouky, Elsayed, Gaines, Emily, Papworth, Emma, Yuruk, Emrah, Kilic, Ene, Dinneen, Eoin, Palagonia, Erika, Xylinas, Evanguelo, Khawaja, Faizan, Cimarra, Fernando, Bardet, Florian, Kum, Francesca, Peters, Francesca, Kovács, Gábor, Tanasescu, Geroge, Hellawell, Gile, Tasso, Giovanni, Lam, Gitte, Pizzuto, Giuseppe, Lenart, Gordan, Özgür, Günal, Bi, Hai, Lyons, Hannah, Warren, Hannah, Ahmed, Hashim, Simpson, Helen, Burden, Helena, Gresty, Helena, Rios Pita, Hernado, Clarke, Holly, Serag, Hosam, Kynaston, Howard, Crawford-Smith, Hugh, Mostafid, Hugh, Otaola-Arca, Hugo, Koo, Hui Fen, Ibrahim, Ibrahim, Ouzaid, Idir, Puche-Sanz, Ignacio, Tomašković, Igor, Tinay, Ilker, Sahibzada, Iqbal, Thangasamy, Isaac, Cadena, Iván Revelo, Irani, Jacque, Udzik, Jakub, Brittain, Jame, Catto, Jame, Green, Jame, Tweedle, Jame, Hernando, Jamie Borrego, Leask, Jamie, Kalsi, Ja, Frankel, Jason, Toniolo, Jason, Raman, Jay D., Courcier, Jean, Kumaradeevan, Jeevan, Clark, Jennifer, Jones, Jennifer, Teoh, Jeremy Yuen-Chun, Iacovou, John, Kelly, John, Selph, John P., Aning, Jonathan, Deeks, Jon, Cobley, Jonathan, Olivier, Jonathan, Maw, Jonny, Herranz-Yagüe, José Antonio, Nolazco, Jose Ignacio, Cózar-Olmo, Jose Manuel, Bagley, Joseph, Jelski, Joseph, Norris, Joseph, Testa, Joseph, Meeks, Joshua, Hernandez, Juan, Vásquez, Juan Lui, Randhawa, Karen, Dhera, Karishma, Gronostaj, Katarzyna, Houlton, Kathleen, Lehman, Kathleen, Gillams, Kathryn, Adasonla, Kelvin, Brown, Kevin, Murtagh, Kevin, Mistry, Kiki, Davenport, Kim, Kitamura, Kosuke, Derbyshire, Laura, Clarke, Laurence, Morton, Lawrie, Martinez, Levin, Goldsmith, Louise, Paramore, Louise, Cormier, Luc, Dell'Atti, Lucio, Simmons, Lucy, Martinez-Piñeiro, Lui, Rico, Lui, Chan, Luke, Forster, Luke, Ma, Lulin, Gallego, Maria Camacho, Freire, Maria José, Emberton, Mark, Feneley, Mark, Rivero, Marta Viridiana Muñoz, Pirša, Matea, Tallè, Matteo, Crockett, Matthew, Liew, Matthew, Trail, Matthew, Peters, Max, Cooper, Meghan, Kulkarni, Meghana, Ager, Michael, He, Ming, Li, Mo, Omran Breish, Mohamed, Tarin, Mohamed, Aldiwani, Mohammed, Matanhelia, Mudit, Pasha, Muhammad, Akalın, Mustafa Kaan, Abdullah, Nasreen, Hale, Nathan, Gadiyar, Neha, Kocher, Neil, Bullock, Nichola, Campain, Nichola, Pavan, Nicola, Al-Ibraheem, Nihad, Bhatt, Nikita, Bedi, Nishant, Shrotri, Nitin, Lobo, Niyati, Balderas, Olga, Kouli, Omar, Capoun, Otakar, Oteo Manjavacas, Pablo, Gontero, Paolo, Mariappan, Paramananthan, Marchiñena, Patricio Garcia, Erotocritou, Paul, Sweeney, Paul, Planelles, Paula, Acher, Peter, Black, Peter C., Osei-Bonsu, Peter K, Østergren, Peter, Smith, Peter, Willemse, Peter-Paul Michiel, Chlosta, Piotr L., Ul Ain, Qurrat, Barratt, Rachel, Esler, Rachel, Khalid, Raihan, Hsu, Ray, Stamirowski, Remigiusz, Mangat, Reshma, Cruz, Ricardo, Ellis, Ricky, Adams, Robert, Hessell, Robert, Oomen, Robert J. A., Mcconkey, Robert, Ritchie, Robert, Jarimba, Roberto, Chahal, Rohit, Andres, Rosado Mario, Hawkins, Rosalyn, David, Rotimi, Manecksha, Rustom P., Agrawal, Sachin, Hamid, Syed Sami, Deem, Samuel, Goonewardene, Sanchia, Swami, Satchi Kuchibhotla, Hori, Satoshi, Khan, Shahid, Mohammud Inder, Shakeel, Sangaralingam, Shanthi, Marathe, Shekhar, Raveenthiran, Sheliyan, Horie, Shigeo, Sengupta, Shomik, Parson, Sian, Parker, Sidney, Hawlina, Simon, Williams, Simon, Mazzoli, Simone, Grzegorz Kata, Slawomir, Pinheiro Lopes, Sofia, Ramos, Sónia, Rintoul-Hoad, Sophie, O'Meara, Sorcha, Morris, Steve, Turner, Stacey, Venturini, Stefano, Almpanis, Stephano, Joniau, Steven, Jain, Sunjay, Mallett, Susan, Nikles, Sven, Shahzad, Null, Yan, Sylvia, Toma, Tarq, Cabañuz Plo, Teresa, Bonnin, Thierry, Muilwijk, Tim, Wollin, Tim, Chu, Timothy Shun Man, Appanna, Timson, Brophy, Tom, Ellul, Tom, Smrkolj, Tomaž, Rowe, Tracey, Sukhu, Troy, Patel, Trushar, Garg, Tullika, Çaşkurlu, Turhan, Bele, Uro, Haroon, Usman, Crespo-Atín, Víctor, Parejo Cortes, Victor, Capapé Poves, Victoria, Gnanapragasam, Vincent, Gauhar, Vineet, During, Vinnie, Kumar, Vivek, Fiala, Vojtech, Mahmalji, Wasim, Lam, Wayne, Fung Chin, Yew, Filtekin, Yigit, Chyn Phan, Yih, Ibrahim, Youssed, Glaser, Zachary A, Abiddin, Zainal Adwin, Qin, Zijian, Zotter, Zsuzsanna, and Zainuddin, Zulkifli
- Subjects
Renal cancer ,Prostate cancer ,Risk factors ,Urology ,Bladder cancer ,Urothelial cancer ,Risk factor ,Urinary tract cancer ,Haematuria ,Risk Calculator - Abstract
Background: Patient factors associated with urinary tract cancer can be used to risk stratify patients referred with haematuria, prioritising those with a higher risk of cancer for prompt investigation. Objective: To develop a prediction model for urinary tract cancer in patients referred with haematuria. Design, setting, and participants: A prospective observational study was conducted in 10 282 patients from 110 hospitals across 26 countries, aged ≥16 yr and referred to secondary care with haematuria. Patients with a known or previous urological malignancy were excluded. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: The primary outcomes were the presence or absence of urinary tract cancer (bladder cancer, upper tract urothelial cancer [UTUC], and renal cancer). Mixed-effect multivariable logistic regression was performed with site and country as random effects and clinically important patient-level candidate predictors, chosen a priori, as fixed effects. Predictors were selected primarily using clinical reasoning, in addition to backward stepwise selection. Calibration and discrimination were calculated, and bootstrap validation was performed to calculate optimism. Results and limitations: The unadjusted prevalence was 17.2% (n = 1763) for bladder cancer, 1.20% (n = 123) for UTUC, and 1.00% (n = 103) for renal cancer. The final model included predictors of increased risk (visible haematuria, age, smoking history, male sex, and family history) and reduced risk (previous haematuria investigations, urinary tract infection, dysuria/suprapubic pain, anticoagulation, catheter use, and previous pelvic radiotherapy). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the final model was 0.86 (95% confidence interval 0.85-0.87). The model is limited to patients without previous urological malignancy. Conclusions: This cancer prediction model is the first to consider established and novel urinary tract cancer diagnostic markers. It can be used in secondary care for risk stratifying patients and aid the clinician's decision-making process in prioritising patients for investigation. Patient summary: We have developed a tool that uses a person's characteristics to determine the risk of cancer if that person develops blood in the urine (haematuria). This can be used to help prioritise patients for further investigation.
- Published
- 2022
50. Arteriovenous graft in kidney transplant patients: Lookout for the rare but fearsome angiosarcoma
- Author
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Catarina Romãozinho, Luís Rodrigues, Rita Leal, Arnaldo Figueiredo, Ana Carolina Figueiredo, Luís Escada, Rui Alves, and Helena Sá
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Poor prognosis ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Kidney transplant ,Surgery ,03 medical and health sciences ,Dialysis access ,0302 clinical medicine ,Nephrology ,Renal transplant ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,medicine ,Angiosarcoma ,business ,Dialysis - Abstract
Introduction:Angiosarcomas are rare tumors, comprising less than 1% of all sarcomas. However, they portend a poor prognosis, as they tend to metastasize early, being of uttermost importance a prompt diagnosis and treatment.Case description:We present the case of a 55-year-old female with history of kidney transplantation, immunosuppressed with tacrolimus, prednisolone, and mofetil mycophenolate. Fifteen years after the transplant, she developed an ulcerated lesion on the site of a nonfunctioning arteriovenous graft, which was excised. Histology was compatible with a high grade angiosarcoma that invaded the margins, and immunosuppression was switched to everolimus. Staging imaging exams revealed lymph node, muscle, and lung metastases. Shortly after, nodular lesions appeared compatible with local recurrence of the disease, and the patient showed severe deterioration of her clinical condition, being proposed for palliative chemotherapy. However, the disease showed an explosive progression and the patient died before starting the treatment.Conclusion:This case emphasizes the importance of including inspection of the vascular access (functioning or not) in regular post-transplant consultation and value any alterations in the attempt of a timely diagnosis. Although rare, angiosarcoma is an important entity that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue masses arising from a vascular access, especially in immunocompromised patients. Aggressive treatment should be offered whenever possible.
- Published
- 2019
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