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1. Toward the Standardization of Mycological Examination of Sputum Samples in Cystic Fibrosis : Results from a French Multicenter Prospective Study

Author: Lafarge, Céline, Pontoire, Bruno, Cayot, Nathalie, Le Bail, Patricia, Coron, Noémie, Pihet, Marc, Fréalle, Emilie, Lemeille, Yolande, Pinel, Claudine, Pelloux, Hervé, Gargala, Gilles, Favennec, Loïc, Accoceberry, Isabelle, Durand-Joly, Isabelle, Dalle, Frédéric, Huet, Frédéric, Fanton, Annlyse, Boldron, Amale, Loeuille, Guy-André, Domblides, Philippe, Coltey, Bérengère, Pin, Isabelle, Llerena, Catherine, Troussier, Françoise, Person, Christine, Marguet, Christophe, Wizla, Nathalie, Thumerelle, Caroline, Turck, Dominique, Bui, Stéphanie, Fayon, Michael, Duhamel, Alain, Prévotat, Anne, Leroy, Sylvie, Wallaert, Benoit, Bouchara, Jean-Philippe, Delhaes, Laurence, Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques [Dijon] (PAM), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, ATOMycA (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 6), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie (Parasito - Myco - LILLE), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Pharmacie (UGA UFRP), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Pôle Biologie, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie, CHU Grenoble, CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Microbiologie cellulaire et moléculaire et pathogénicité (MCMP), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interactions Muqueuses Agents Transmissibles (LIMA), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Service de pédiatrie (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose [CHU Dijon] (CRCM ), CHU Bordeaux, Ctr Rech Mucoviscidose CRCM Adulte, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], CRCM Adulte [Grenoble], Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble (INSERM U823), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de pédiatrie générale et maladies infectieuses, Service de Pneumologie Pédiatrique [Angers], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-Centre Robert Debré, PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Service de pédiatrie médicale et médecine de l'adolescent [Rouen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Clinique de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Université de Lille, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille], Pediatrics, CHU Bordeaux, Dept Pediat CRCM, INSERM Ctr Invest Clin CIC5, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Institut d'Informatique et de Mathématiques Appliquées de Grenoble (IMAG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Pneumologie, Hôpital A. Calmette, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU de Nice), Service de Pneumologie et Immuno-Allergologie [CHU LIlle], Pole Cardio-vasculaire et pulmonaire [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de Parasitologie et de Mycologie [Lille], Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux [Bordeaux] (CRCTB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), French Ministry of Health and Research (PHRC N°2006/1902), the association 'Vaincre la Mucoviscidose' (Defeat Cystic Fibrosis) (MucoFong and Mucofong-ATF N8 2006/351), the Pharmaceutical Division of Pfizer France (Nu 2006/158), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur (FLAVIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), ATIP AVENIR / ATOMycA (CRCINA - Département INCIT - Equipe 6), Centre de recherche de Cancérologie et d'Immunologie / Nantes - Angers (CRCINA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Parasite (GEIHP), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Service de Pédiatrie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose [Dijon], Service de Pneumologie et Immuno-Allergologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA), Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie [CHRU LIlle], Institut de Microbiologie [CHRU Lille], Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), université de Bourgogne, PAM, Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], Université de Bordeaux (UB), CH Dunkerque, Centre de Recherche en Chimie Moléculaire (CRCM), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe de Recherche sur les Antimicrobiens et les Micro-Organismes (GRAM 1.0), CHU Lille, CIC Bordeaux, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche en Informatique Médicale [Lille] (CERIM), Hôpital Pasteur [Nice] (CHU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques [Dijon] ( PAM ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages ( BIA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur ( FLAVIC ), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), ATIP AVENIR / ATOMycA ( CRCINA - Département INCIT - Equipe 6 ), Centre de recherche de Cancérologie et d'Immunologie / Nantes - Angers ( CRCINA ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes ( IRS-UN ) -Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ) -Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes ( IRS-UN ) -Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Parasite ( GEIHP ), Université d'Angers ( UA ), Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie ( Parasito - Myco - LILLE ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Pharmacie ( UGA UFRP ), Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition ( ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), Microbiologie cellulaire et moléculaire et pathogénicité ( MCMP ), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interactions Muqueuses Agents Transmissibles ( LIMA ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble ( INSERM U823 ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers-Centre Robert Debré, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers ( CHU Angers ), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans ( UNAM ), CHU Rouen-Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Institut d'Informatique et de Mathématiques Appliquées de Grenoble ( IMAG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice ( CHU de Nice ), Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux [Bordeaux] ( CRCTB ), and Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM )
Subjects: Adult, Male, Microbiological Techniques, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Filamentous fungi, Adolescent, Veterinary (miscellaneous), Lung mycobiota, 030106 microbiology, Biology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, Cystic fibrosis, Aspergillus fumigatus, Molds, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Medical microbiology, Exophiala, Mycological examination, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Child, Candida albicans, [ SDV.MP.MYC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aspergillus, Lung Diseases, Fungal, Fungi, Sputum, Scedosporium apiospermum, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.MYC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, Corpus albicans, 030104 developmental biology, Female, France, medicine.symptom, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: IF 1.710; International audience; Fungal respiratory colonization of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients emerges as a new concern; however, the heterogeneity of mycological protocols limits investigations. We first aimed at setting up an efficient standardized protocol for mycological analysis of CF sputa that was assessed during a prospective, multicenter study: “MucoFong” program (PHRC-06/1902). Sputa from 243 CF patients from seven centers in France were collected over a 15-month period and submitted to a standardized protocol based on 6 semi-selective media. After mucolytic pretreatment, sputa were plated in parallel on cycloheximide-enriched (ACT37), erythritol-enriched (ERY37), benomyl dichloran–rose bengal (BENO37) and chromogenic (CAN37) media incubated at 37 °C and on Sabouraud–chloramphenicol (SAB27) and erythritol-enriched (ERY27) media incubated at 20–27 °C. Each plate was checked twice a week during 3 weeks. Fungi were conventionally identified; time for detection of fungal growth was noted for each species. Fungal prevalences and media performances were assessed; an optimal combination of media was determined using the Chi-squared automatic interaction detector method. At least one fungal species was isolated from 81% of sputa. Candida albicans was the most prevalent species (58.8%), followed by Aspergillus fumigatus (35.4%). Cultivation on CAN37, SAB27, ACT37 and ERY27 during 16 days provided an optimal combination, detecting C. albicans, A. fumigatus, Scedosporium apiospermum complex and Exophiala spp. with sensitivities of 96.5, 98.8, 100 and 100%. Combination of these four culture media is recommended to ensure the growth of key fungal pathogens in CF respiratory specimens. The use of such consensual protocol is of major interest for merging results from future epidemiological studies.
Published: 2018
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2. Laboratory-based surveillance for Cryptosporidium in France, 2006-2009

Author: D. Haouchine, Sandrine Houzé, Didier Basset, Adela Angoulvant, C. Chartier, Eric Dannaoui, Christine Aznar, Francis Derouin, Gabriela Certad, Frédéric Dalle, B. Degeilh, Jean-Marc Dewitte, Françoise Botterel, Marie-Laure Dardé, Chantal Duhamel, A. Berry, Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux, M. Cambon, Patrice Agnamey, G. Belkadi, B. Couprie, Bernard Carme, Patrice Bourée, Pierre Buffet, Pascal Beaudeau, E. Dei Cas, Thanh Hai Duong, Alain Bonnin, Karine Guyot, Dominique Aubert, Frédéric Grenouillet, Pierre Flori, Jean Dupouy-Camet, Loïc Favennec, Gilles Gargala, N. Desbois, Nausicaa Gantois, Ml Grillot, Alexandra Faussart, Anofel Cryptosporidium National Network, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Coordination Régionale de la lutte contre le Virus de L'Immunodéficience Humaine (COREVIH)-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-Université des Antilles (UA), Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lapeyronnie, Département santé environnement, Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS), CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de parasitologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Service de Parasitologie - Mycologie [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Immunité et Infection, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IFR113-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Epidémiologie des parasitoses et mycoses tropicales, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Centre National de Référence (CNR) Toxoplasmose/Toxoplasma Biological Resource Center (BRC) (CNR Toxoplasmose-Toxoplasma BRC), CHU Limoges, Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée (NETEC), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503), Parasitologie-Mycologie Fort de France, CHU Fort de France, Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes (GIMAP), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), The ANOFEL Cryptosporidium National Network (ACNN) is supported by a grant from InVS and ANOFEL. The genotyping was also supported financially by the French Ministry of Research (EA 3609)., We thank Nathalie Lelieur for providing useful assistance in data analysis, Anthony Pinon for his advice on statistics and Annie Sulahian for English revision of the manuscript., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Service de parasitologie - mycologie [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR113-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL) - U1019 - UMR 8204 ( CIIL ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR142-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), CHU Rouen-Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), Coordination Régionale de la lutte contre le Virus de L'Immunodéficience Humaine (COREVIH)-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-Université des Antilles ( UA ), Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ), Hôpital Necker, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -IFR113-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane ( UAG ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre National de Référence (CNR) Toxoplasmose/Toxoplasma Biological Resource Center (BRC) ( CNR Toxoplasmose-Toxoplasma BRC ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ), Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée ( NETEC ), Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique ( GEIST FR CNRS 3503 ) -Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ), Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes ( GIMAP ), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition ( ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM), and Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE)
Subjects: Male, Veterinary medicine, MESH: Cryptosporidium, Epidemiology, MESH : Aged, Cryptosporidiosis, MESH : Child, Preschool, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, MESH : Child, MESH: Child, Genotype, MESH : Population Surveillance, MESH : Female, Child, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Middle Aged, Incidence (epidemiology), MESH: Infant, Newborn, Cryptosporidium, MESH : Infant, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Middle Aged, MESH : Adult, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, MESH : Cryptosporidium, Canis, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Population Surveillance, Female, France, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, MESH : Male, MESH: Disease Notification, 030231 tropical medicine, MESH : Young Adult, Biology, MESH : Infant, Newborn, MESH: Population Surveillance, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, MESH : Adolescent, medicine, Humans, MESH : Middle Aged, MESH : France, MESH : Aged, 80 and over, MESH : Cryptosporidiosis, Disease Notification, Genotyping, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, Public health, MESH : Humans, MESH: Child, Preschool, MESH: Cryptosporidiosis, Infant, Newborn, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, MESH : Disease Notification, MESH: Adult, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Male, MESH: France, Parasitology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Female, Demography
Abstract: International audience; In 2002, the French Food Safety Agency drew attention to the lack of information on the prevalence of human cryptosporidiosis in the country. Two years later, the ANOFEL Cryptosporidium National Network (ACNN) was set up to provide public health authorities with data on the incidence and epidemiology of human cryptosporidiosis in France. Constituted on a voluntary basis, ACNN includes 38 hospital parasitology laboratories (mainly in university hospitals). Each laboratory is engaged to notify new cases of confirmed human cryptosporidiosis, store specimens (e.g. stools, duodenal aspirates or biopsies) and related clinical and epidemiological data, using data sheet forms. From January 2006 to December 2009, 407 cryptosporidiosis cases were notified in France and 364 specimens were collected. Of the notified cases, 74 were children under four years of age, accounting for 18.2%. HIV-infected and immunocompetent patients represented 38.6% (n=157) and 28% (n=114) of cases, respectively. A marked seasonal pattern was observed each year, with increased number of cases in mid to late summer and the beginning of autumn. Genotyping of 345 isolates from 310 patients identified C. parvumin 168 (54.2%) cases, C. hominis in 113 (36.4%) and other species in 29 (9.4%), including C. felis (n=15), C. meleagridis (n=4), C. canis (n=4), Cryptosporidium chipmunk genotype (n=1), Cryptosporidium rabbit genotype (n=1) and new Cryptosporidium genotypes (n=4). These data represent the first multisite report of laboratory-confirmed cases of cryptosporidiosis in France.
Published: 2010
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3. Developing collaborative works for faster progress on fungal respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis

Author: Gilles Nevez, Joerg Steinmann, Laurence Delhaes, Ludovic Duvaux, Jean-Philippe Bouchara, Wieland Meyer, Ludwig Sedlacek, Maxime Fleury, Nicolas Papon, Loïc Favennec, Patrick Vandeputte, Javier Pemán, Amandine Gastebois, Françoise Botterel, Jose A. Vazquez, Stéphane Ranque, Sharon C.-A. Chen, Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo, Solène Le Gal, Craig Williams, Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux, Carsten Schwarz, Françoise Symoens, Estrella Martin Mazuelos, Guillermo Quindós, Thomas Dugé de Bernonville, Josep Cano, Amparo Solé, Amandine Rougeron, Sandrine Giraud, María Teresa Martín-Gómez, Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne (CRNH d'Auvergne), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Anofel Cryptosporidium National Network, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Service de Microbiologie, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Parasitologie et de Mycologie [Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux [Bordeaux] (CRCTB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Augusta University, University System of Georgia (USG), The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Centre for Infectious Disease and Microbiology (CIDM), Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche - CHRU Brest (CHU - BREST ), APP1031943, National Health and Medical Research Council, 2010/IC1003, Vaincre la Mucoviscidose, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Parasite (GEIHP), Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte - Clermont Auvergne (M2iSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne (CRNH d'Auvergne), Groupe d’Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne (CRNH d'Auvergne)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: Microbiological Techniques, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Antifungal Agents, Cystic Fibrosis, biological diagnosis, 030106 microbiology, Medizin, Context (language use), Disease, Drug resistance, Cystic fibrosis, pathogenic mechanisms, cystic fibrosis, Scedosporium, 03 medical and health sciences, fungal respiratory infections, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Fungal, medicine, Humans, Microbiome, Intensive care medicine, Respiratory Tract Infections, Genotyping, treatment, business.industry, Fungi, Genomics, General Medicine, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Mycoses, Scedosporium species, Identification (biology), business
Abstract: International audience; Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the major genetic inherited disease in Caucasian populations. The respiratory tract of CF patients displays a sticky viscous mucus, which allows for the entrapment of airborne bacteria and fungal spores and provides a suitable environment for growth of microorganisms, including numerous yeast and filamentous fungal species. As a consequence, respiratory infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in this clinical context. Although bacteria remain the most common agents of these infections, fungal respiratory infections have emerged as an important cause of disease. Therefore, the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM) has launched a working group on Fungal respiratory infections in Cystic Fibrosis (Fri-CF) in October 2006, which was subsequently approved by the European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM). Meetings of this working group, comprising both clinicians and mycologists involved in the follow-up of CF patients, as well as basic scientists interested in the fungal species involved, provided the opportunity to initiate collaborative works aimed to improve our knowledge on these infections to assist clinicians in patient management. The current review highlights the outcomes of some of these collaborative works in clinical surveillance, pathogenesis and treatment, giving special emphasis to standardization of culture procedures, improvement of species identification methods including the development of nonculture-based diagnostic methods, microbiome studies and identification of new biological markers, and the description of genotyping studies aiming to differentiate transient carriage and chronic colonization of the airways. The review also reports on the breakthrough in sequencing the genomes of the main Scedosporium species as basis for a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of these fungi, and discusses treatment options of infections caused by multidrug resistant microorganisms, such as Scedosporium and Lomentospora species and members of the Rasamsonia argillacea species complex.
Published: 2018
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4. Pneumocystis Infection Outbreaks in Organ Transplantation Units in France: A Nation-Wide Survey

Author: M. Leterrier, Anne Totet, Céline Damiani, Danièle Maubon, Solène Le Gal, Isabelle Accoceberry, Julie Bonhomme, Pierre Marty, E. Bailly, Ermanno Candolfi, Anne Debourgogne, Laurence Millon, Frédéric Dalle, Anne-Pauline Bellanger, Patrice Le Pape, Denis Pons, Christelle Pomares, Yann Le Meur, Marie Machouard, Marie-Laure Dardé, Laurence Delhaes, Ahmed Abou Bacar, Dominique Toubas, Frédéric Gabriel, Estelle Cateau, Gilles Nevez, Loïc Favennec, Marie-Hélène Rodier, Xavier Iriart, Eric Dannaoui, Laurence Lachaud, Guillaume Desoubeaux, Pierre Flori, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne (LUBEM), Université de Brest (UBO), Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie (Parasito - Myco - BREST), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Matrice extracellulaire et dynamique cellulaire - UMR 7369 (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de parasitologie et de mycologie médicales, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, Laboratoire de parasitologie mycologie (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Institut de Parasitologie et de Pathologie Tropicale de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CHRU Brest - Service de Nephrologie (CHU - BREST - Nephrologie), Microbiologie cellulaire et moléculaire et pathogénicité (MCMP), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Service de parasitologie et mycologie [CHU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Microbiologie de l'Eau (MDE), Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Parasitologie et de Pathologie Tropicale, UMR-I 01 - AMIENS, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie [CHU HEGP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100 (CEPR), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Epidémiosurveillance de protozooses à transmission alimentaire et vectorielle (ESCAPE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Anofel Cryptosporidium National Network, Institut d'Histoire de la Pensée Classique (IHPC), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Laboratoire de Microbiologie (CHD de la Roche-Sur-Yon), CHD Vendee (La Roche Sur Yon), Cibles et médicaments de l'infection, de l'immunité et du cancer (IICiMed), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique (LHEEA), École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Adaptation et pathogénie des micro-organismes [Grenoble] (LAPM), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre méditerranéen de médecine moléculaire (C3M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Gabriel Montpied (CHU), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche - CHRU Brest (CHU - BREST ), SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departments of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Service de néphrologie, Sagem - SAFRAN Gr., Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Centre National de Référence (CNR) Toxoplasmose/Toxoplasma Biological Resource Center (BRC) (CNR Toxoplasmose-Toxoplasma BRC), CHU Limoges, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie [CHRU Nancy], Stress, Immunité, Pathogènes (SIMPA), Université de Lorraine (UL), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes (GIMAP), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Service de parasitologie et de mycologie, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Infections Parasitaires : Transmission, Physiopathologie et Thérapeutiques (IP-TPT), Service de Santé des Armées-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologiede [CHRU Brest], Laboratoire de parasitologie et de mycologie médicales [CHU Amiens], CHU Amiens-Picardie, Service de parasitologie et mycologie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques - UMR INERIS_I 1 (PERITOX), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie-Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], Mycologie moléculaire, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d’Histoire des Représentations et des Idées dans les Modernités (IHRIM), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Service de Santé des Armées, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, Pneumocystis carinii, Organ transplantation, Disease Outbreaks, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, genotypes, Surveys and Questionnaires, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Pneumocystis jirovecii, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, 030212 general & internal medicine, Genotyping, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, Retrospective Studies, Transplant recipients, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Pneumocystis, Pneumonia, Pneumocystis, Outbreak, Organ Transplantation, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Transplantation, Infectious Diseases, Renal transplant, France, business, Pneumocystis Infections
Abstract: The burden of nosocomial Pneumocystis infections in transplantation units in France was evaluated through a retrospective survey. Over 12 years, 16 outbreaks occurred, including 13 among renal transplant recipients (RTRs). We performed Pneumocystis jirovecii genotyping in 5 outbreaks, which suggested that specific strains may have been selected by RTRs.
Published: 2019
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5. On the origin of eating disorders: altered signaling between gut microbiota, adaptive immunity and the brain melanocortin system regulating feeding behavior

Author: Sergueï O. Fetissov, Tomas Hökfelt, Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), and Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Neuropeptide, Gut flora, Adaptive Immunity, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, Feeding and Eating Disorders, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Drug Discovery, medicine, Animals, Humans, Receptor, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Autoantibodies, Pharmacology, biology, Brain, Feeding Behavior, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Acquired immune system, 3. Good health, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Eating disorders, 030104 developmental biology, alpha-MSH, Immunology, Melanocortin, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Hormone
Abstract: Research in the field of gut microbiota - brain axis may contribute to clarifying the origin of anorexia nervosa and bulimia, the two principal forms of eating disorders (ED). The initial key findings in ED patients of plasma immunoglobulins (Ig) that react with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), a neuropeptide in the brain signaling satiety, have initiated further studies leading to the discovery of the origin of such autoantibodies and to the understanding their possible functional role. An anorexigenic bacterial protein Escherichia coli caseinolytic protease B was recently found to be responsible for the production of α-MSH-cross-reactive autoantibodies and this protein was also detected in human plasma. Another recent study revealed enhanced activation of appetite-regulating the melanocortin type 4 receptor by immune complexes withα-MSH. Taken together, these data serve to build a pathophysiological model of ED presented in this article.
Published: 2019
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6. Comparative Evaluation of Commercial Concentration Procedures for Human Intestinal Parasite Detection

Author: Damien Costa, Denis Lemeteil, Loïc Favennec, Gilles Gargala, Romy Razakandrainibe, Jean Jacques Ballet, CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Epidémiosurveillance de protozooses à transmission alimentaire et vectorielle (ESCAPE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Immunité de l'infection et transplantations, Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), and Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN)
Subjects: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Veterinary medicine, Concentration, Adolescent, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Clinical Biochemistry, Intestinal parasite, Stool specimen, medicine.disease_cause, Specimen Handling, Comparative evaluation, Feces, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Helminth, Animals, Humans, Helminths, Parasite hosting, Parasites, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic, Protozoa, Child, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, biology, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Diagnostic Tests, Routine, Biochemistry (medical), Infant, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Parasite, Detection, Stool, Child, Preschool, Parasitic Intestinal Diseases, Female
Abstract: BackgroundEffective stool concentration is essential in microscopically based diagnosis of human intestinal parasite infections.ObjectiveTo compare the performances of 4 concentration commercial kits and 1 homemade procedure in 96 clinical stool specimens that tested positive for the detection of 9 helminth and 8 protozoa parasites.MethodsThe presence or absence of parasite forms was microscopically determined under conditions of standard practice. Also, we established the accuracies, concentration factors, and extraction yields.ResultsNo difference was observed between procedures for preconcentration specimens that tested positive. However, for preconcentration specimens that tested negative, we discovered that the homemade procedure was the most effective, and 2 of the 4 commercial kits were discovered to be satisfactory for routine applications.ConclusionsFor all parasites, procedures with biphasic solvents exhibited higher performances than organic solvent-free procedures. For the first time, the effectiveness of commercial concentration kits has been evaluated on several common stool parasites, and the results suggest that improvement of commercial procedures is possible.
Published: 2019
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7. Neuropeptides in the microbiota-brain axis and feeding behavior in autism spectrum disorder

Author: Valery N. Danilenko, Olga V. Averina, Sergueï O. Fetissov, Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Hunger, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Neuropeptide, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Gut flora, Oxytocin, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, Neuropeptides, Brain, Feeding Behavior, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, alpha-MSH, Autism spectrum disorder, Dysbiosis, Autism, Neuroscience, Signal Transduction, Social behavior, Hormone, medicine.drug
Abstract: A combination of altered social and feeding behaviors is common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Nevertheless, it has been established that several specific neuropeptides are critically involved in the regulation of both feeding and social behavior, such as α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and oxytocin, respectively. Moreover, recent data implicated gut microbiota in regulation of host feeding and emotion and revealed its dysbiosis in ASD, suggesting a mechanistic role of altered microbiota-brain axis in ASD. In this review, we discuss how gut microbiota dysbiosis may alter hunger and satiety peptide hormones as well as brain peptidergic pathways involved in the regulation of host feeding and social behaviors and hence may contribute to the ASD pathophysiology. In particular, we show that interactions between α-MSH and oxytocin systems in the brain can provide clues for better understanding of the mechanisms underlying altered feeding and social behaviors in ASD and that the origin of such alterations can be linked to gut microbiota.
Published: 2019
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8. Long-Term Rasamsonia argillacea Complex Species Colonization Revealed by PCR Amplification of Repetitive DNA Sequences in Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Author: Sandrine Giraud, Franck Labbé, Jean Jacques Ballet, Rachid Zouhair, Olivier Matray, Christophe Marguet, Loïc Favennec, Françoise Troussier, Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus, Jean-Philippe Bouchara, Gilles Gargala, A. Mouhajir, Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux, Christine Person, Laurent Mely, Solène Le Gal, Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Parasite (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Centre de Ressources et de Compétences en Mucoviscidose [Lyon] (CRCM [Lyon]), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Lyon-Hôpital Renée Sabran [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service de pédiatrie médicale et médecine de l'adolescent [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Régulation des systèmes de transport dans les épithéliums (UMR_S467), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche - CHRU Brest (CHU - BREST ), Anofel Cryptosporidium National Network, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Service de pédiatrie, PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Immunology Department, Caen University Hospital, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Epidémiosurveillance de protozooses à transmission alimentaire et vectorielle (ESCAPE), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)
Subjects: Electrophoresis, Microbiological Techniques, 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Species complex, food.ingredient, Cystic Fibrosis, Genotype, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Mycology, Biology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, food, Common species, law, Cluster Analysis, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Genotyping, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Polymerase chain reaction, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Genetics, Molecular Epidemiology, Molecular epidemiology, Eurotiales, Amplicon, Mycoses, Rasamsonia
Abstract: The aim of this work was to document molecular epidemiology of Rasamsonia argillacea species complex isolates from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. In this work, 116 isolates belonging to this species complex and collected from 26 CF patients and one patient with chronic granulomatous disease were characterized using PCR amplification assays of repetitive DNA sequences and electrophoretic separation of amplicons (rep-PCR). Data revealed a clustering consistent with molecular species identification. A single species was recovered from most patients. Rasamsonia aegroticola was the most common species, followed by R. argillacea sensu stricto and R. piperina , while R. eburnea was not identified. Of 29 genotypes, 7 were shared by distinct patients while 22 were patient specific. In each clinical sample, most isolates exhibited an identical genotype. Genotyping of isolates recovered from sequential samples from the same patient confirmed the capability of R. aegroticola and R. argillacea isolates to chronically colonize the airways. A unique genotype was recovered from two siblings during a 6-month period. In the other cases, a largely dominant genotype was detected. Present results which support the use of rep-PCR for both identification and genotyping for the R. argillacea species complex provide the first molecular evidence of chronic airway colonization by these fungi in CF patients.
Published: 2016
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9. Neuropeptide-like signaling in the microbiota-gut-brain axis

Author: Sergueï O. Fetissov, Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: biology, Physiology, Gut–brain axis, Neuropeptide, Gut flora, biology.organism_classification, digestive system, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Bacterial protein, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Neurochemical, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: For gut microbiota to influence behavior, microorganisms should be able to interfere with specific brain neurochemical circuitries. Understanding these molecular mechanisms is a key task in the new microbiota-gut-brain field. Recent studies have revealed that one major mechanistic link is the modulation of neuropeptide signaling by homologous bacterial proteins acting both directly and indirectly via production of neuropeptide-reactive immunoglobulins.
Published: 2019
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10. Prenatal therapy with pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine vs spiramycin to reduce placental transmission of toxoplasmosis: a multicenter, randomized trial

Author: Laurent Mandelbrot, François Kieffer, Rémi Sitta, Hélène Laurichesse-Delmas, Norbert Winer, Louis Mesnard, Alain Berrebi, Gwenaëlle Le Bouar, Jean-Paul Bory, Anne-Gaëlle Cordier, Yves Ville, Franck Perrotin, Jean-Marie Jouannic, Florence Biquard, Claude d’Ercole, Véronique Houfflin-Debarge, Isabelle Villena, Rodolphe Thiébaut, Denis Pons, C. Nourrisson, Rose-Anne Lavergne, Judith Fillaux, Corinne Assouline, Florence Robert-Gangneux, Coralie L’Ollivier, Florence Bretelle, Béatrice Guidicelli, Patricia Garcia, Anne-Gaelle Cordier, Alexandra Benachi, Christelle Vauloup-Fellous, Emmanuelle Letamendia, Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux, Nathalie Van Langendonck, Jérôme Potin, Pierre Marty, Christelle Pomarès, Cynthia Trastour, Anne Sophie Deleplancque, Jean-Marc Costa, Marie-Thérèse Chève, Jean-Yves Col, Bernard Cimon, Y. Sterkers, Laurence Lachaud, Gilles Burlet, Martine Maréchaud, Estelle Perraud, Anne-Gaelle Grébille, Morgane Valentin, Sandrine Houzé, Sophie Omnès, Yvon Chitrit, Christine Boissinot, Hélène Yéra, Olivia Anselem, Vassilis Tsatsaris, Marie-Victoire Sénat, Florent Fuchs, Adela Angoulvant, Charles Muszynski, Anne Totet, Catherine Noël, Laurent Bidat, Tiphaine Barjat, Pierre Flori, Hervé Pelloux, Marie-Pierre Brenier-Pinchart, Catherine Thong-Vanh, Corinne Floch, Lionel Carbillon, Eric Lachassine, Aude Ricbourg, Luc Paris, Marc Dommergues, Thierry Rousseau, Frederic Dalle, Marie Laure Dardé, Véronique Aubard, Camille Olivier, Eric Verspyk, Loic Favennec, Service de gynécologie obstétrique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Nord Val de Seine, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut de Puériculture et de Périnatalogie, Santé publique et épidémiologie des déterminants professionnels et sociaux de la santé, Epidémiologie, sciences sociales, santé publique (IFR 69), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Gynécologie [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Physiopathologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles (PhAN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Nantes (UN), Gynécologie‑Obstétrique, Service de Gynécologie et Obstétrique [Rennes] = Gynaecology [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), CHRU Tours, Hôpital Bretonneau, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique [CHU Trousseau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Epidémiosurveillance de protozooses à transmission alimentaire et vectorielle (ESCAPE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB) - Hôpital Purpan, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Gynépole, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)- Hôpital Nord [CHU - APHM], Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, médecine de la reproduction [Béclère], Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère [Clamart], Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, FAME Department, South Paris, University Hospitals, 'A.Beclere' Medical Center-APHP, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie-Médecine Tropicale, CHRU Bretonneau, Centre méditerranéen de médecine moléculaire (C3M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Anofel Cryptosporidium National Network, Institut de signalisation, biologie du développement et cancer (ISBDC), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital américain, Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Biologie, Génétique et Pathologie des Pathogènes Eucaryotes (MIVEGEC-BioGEPPE), Pathogènes, Environnement, Santé Humaine (EPATH), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), laboratoire parasitologie, CHU Bichat Paris, Ministère de la santé, Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Service de parasitologie-mycologie [CHU Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Service de Gynécologie et Obstétrique [Cochin], Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Physiopathologie et Pharmacotoxicologie Placentaire Humaine (U1139), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique [Bicêtre], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Service de gynécologie-obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Biomécanique et Bioingénierie (BMBI), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departments of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Centre Hospitalier René Dubos [Pontoise], Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes (GIMAP), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie, CHU Grenoble, Epigenetique, Pathologie et Developpement (UMR_S_741), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de gynécologie-obstétrique [Hôpital Jean Verdier], Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Hôpital Jean Verdier [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Parasitologie - Mycologie [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Maternité, Chirurgie Gynécologique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Centre Max Weber (CMW), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interactions Muqueuses Agents Transmissibles (LIMA), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Statistics In System biology and Translational Medicine (SISTM), Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Epidémiologie et Biostatistique [Bordeaux], Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans (CHRO), AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère [Clamart], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), CHU Lille, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Hôpital Maison Blanche, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)- Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Hôpital Jean Verdier [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Service de parasitologie - mycologie [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service Gynécologie [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Femme-Mère-Couple [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie [CHU Toulouse], Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Pôle Biologie [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hopital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes]-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Nord Val de Seine, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Pôle de Gynécologie-Obstétrique et Reproduction Humaine, CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université de Clermont-Ferrand, Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles [UMR_A1280] (PhAN), Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan ex IFR 30 et IFR 150 (CPTP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche Médecine, Science, Santé et Société (CERMES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Gynécologie et Obstétrique [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Hôpital Sud, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Parasite (GEIHP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Hopital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Cochin [AP-HP], CHU Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Hôpital Jean Verdier [Bondy], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Service de Gynécologie et Obstétrique [Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], and CHU Tenon [APHP]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, Antiprotozoal Agents, Sulfadiazine, [SDV.MP.PRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Protistology, Toxoplasmosis, Congenital, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Folinic acid, pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Seroconversion, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, spiramycin, prenatal diagnosis, tolerance, business.industry, Spiramycin, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prenatal Care, medicine.disease, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Toxoplasmosis, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, 3. Good health, SISTM, Pyrimethamine, Treatment Outcome, Chemoprophylaxis, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, pregnancy, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, medicine.drug, toxoplasmosis
Abstract: International audience; Background - The efficacy of prophylaxis to prevent prenatal toxoplasmosis transmission is controversial, without any previous randomized clinical trial. In France, spiramycin is usually prescribed for maternal seroconversions. A more potent pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine regimen is used to treat congenital toxoplasmosis and is offered in some countries as prophylaxis. Objective - We sought to compare the efficacy and tolerance of pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine vs spiramycin to reduce placental transmission. Study design - This was a randomized, open-label trial in 36 French centers, comparing pyrimethamine (50 mg qd) + sulfadiazine (1 g tid) with folinic acid vs spiramycin (1 g tid) following toxoplasmosis seroconversion. Results - In all, 143 women were randomized from November 2010 through January 2014. An amniocentesis was later performed in 131 cases, with a positive Toxoplasma gondii polymerase chain reaction in 7/67 (10.4%) in the pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine group vs 13/64 (20.3%) in the spiramycin group. Cerebral ultrasound anomalies appeared in 0/73 fetuses in the pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine group, vs 6/70 in the spiramycin group (P = .01). Two of these pregnancies were terminated. Transmission rates, excluding 18 children with undefined status, were 12/65 in the pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine group (18.5%), vs 18/60 in the spiramycin group (30%, P = .147), equivalent to an odds ratio of 0.53 (95% confidence interval, 0.23-1.22) and which after adjustment tended to be stronger (P = .03 for interaction) when treatment started within 3 weeks of seroconversion (95% confidence interval, 0.00-1.63). Two women had severe rashes, both with pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine. Conclusion - There was a trend toward lower transmission with pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine, but it did not reach statistical significance, possibly for lack of statistical power because enrollment was discontinued. There were also no fetal cerebral toxoplasmosis lesions in the pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine group. These promising results encourage further research on chemoprophylaxis to prevent congenital toxoplasmosis.
Published: 2018
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11. Human cryptosporidiosis in immunodeficient patients in France (2015–2017)

Author: Damien Costa, Romy Razakandrainibe, Marc Sautour, Stéphane Valot, Louise Basmaciyan, Gilles Gargala, Denis Lemeteil, Loïc Favennec, Frédéric Dalle, Anne Debourgogne, Adela Angoulvant, Patrice Agnamey, Julie bonhomme, Brigitte Degeilh, Cathy Chemla, Cécile Garnaud, Coralie Lollivier, Cécile angebault, Pascal Delaunay, Guillaume Desoubeaux, Emilie Fréalle, Frédéric Grenouillet, Florent Morio, Françoise Botterel, Ghania Belkadi, Hélène Yera, Gilles Nevez, Xavier Iriart, Isabelle Accoceberry, Julie Brunet, Marc Thellier, Meja Rabodonirina, Milene Sasso, Charline Miossec, Murielle Nicolas, Nicole Desbois, Philippe Poirier, Christelle Pomares, Sandrine Houze, Yohann Le govic, Anne Pauline Bellanger, Franck Labbe, Marie Laure Darde, Olivier Duquesnoy, Pierre Flori, Patrick Bastien, Thomas Gueudet, Isabelle Villena, Dominique Aubert, Estelle Cateau, Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux, Nathalie Kapel, Eric Dannaoui, Alexis Valentin, Anne Totet, Jean Menotti, Denis Blanchet, Magalie Demar, Emmanuel Dutoit, Renaud Piarroux, Emilie Sitterle, Denis Magne, Samsa Hamane, Antoine Berry, Cecile Ramade, CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Laboratoire de parasitologie mycologie (CHU de Dijon), Infections Parasitaires : Transmission, Physiopathologie et Thérapeutiques (IP-TPT), Service de Santé des Armées-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Epidémiosurveillance de protozooses à transmission alimentaire et vectorielle (ESCAPE), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Stress, Immunité, Pathogènes (SIMPA), Université de Lorraine (UL), Anofel Cryptosporidium National Network, Agents infectieux, résistance et chimiothérapie - UR UPJV 4294 (AGIR ), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Pharmacie (UGA UFRP), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice)-Hôpital l'Archet, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA), Service de parasitologie-mycologie [CHU Cochin], Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne (LUBEM), Université de Brest (UBO), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Microbiologie cellulaire et moléculaire et pathogénicité (MCMP), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamique des interactions Hôte pathogène, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Immunité et Infection, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IFR113-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Biologie, Génétique et Pathologie des Pathogènes Eucaryotes (MIVEGEC-BioGEPPE), Pathogènes, Environnement, Santé Humaine (EPATH), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie-Sérologies Bactériennes et Parasitaires [CHU de la Martinique], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Martinique - CHU Martinique, Parasitologie-Mycologie Fort de France, CHU Fort de France, Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Service de parasitologie et mycologie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes (GIMAP), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie (LPM), IFR 53, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-CHU Maison Blanche-UPRES EA 2070, Centre de formation et de recherche sur l'environnement marin (CEFREM), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Departments of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Service de réanimation médicale, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Université des Antilles (UA)-Coordination Régionale de la lutte contre le Virus de L'Immunodéficience Humaine (COREVIH)-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Laboratoire de parasitologie mycologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Groupe hospitalier Albert Chenevier – Henri Mondor, Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB) - Hôpital Purpan, Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Région Haute Normandie, Projet COS Sesa, 2015-2018, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Coordination Régionale de la lutte contre le Virus de L'Immunodéficience Humaine (COREVIH)-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-Université des Antilles (UA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Service de Santé des Armées, Université de Rennes (UR), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA), Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité (MFP), Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM), Université de Toulouse (UT), Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie [CHU Toulouse], Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Pôle Biologie [CHU Toulouse], and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Pediatrics, Epidemiology, Cryptosporidiosis, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Child, Immunodeficiency, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, biology, Mortality rate, Cryptosporidium, General Medicine, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Diarrhea, Infectious Diseases, Cryptosporidium parvum, Child, Preschool, Protozoan, Cyclosporine, Female, Immunotherapy, France, medicine.symptom, Cryptosporidium hominis, Immunosuppressive Agents, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, 030231 tropical medicine, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, Context (language use), Tacrolimus, 03 medical and health sciences, Immunocompromised Host, Young Adult, medicine, Humans, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Immunocompromised, Aged, Immunosuppression Therapy, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Mycophenolic Acid, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Parasitology
Abstract: International audience; Cryptosporidiosis is a common disease in children and immunodeficient individuals. In 2006, a national network was set up on the surveillance of human cryptosporidiosis in France. Since January 2015, the 41 tertiary care hospitals and the 3 private laboratories of the French National Network on the surveillance of human cryptosporidiosis have been able to declare confirmed cases of cryptosporidiosis online. Between 2015 and 2017, 210 cases of cryptosporidiosis were declared in immunodeficient patients in France; Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium hominis represented 66% and 22% of cases, respectively. A peak was observed in autumn. Cryptosporidiosis occurred mainly in a context of solid organ transplantation (SOT) (49%) and of HIV infection (30%). In SOT recipients, cryptosporidiosis appeared more frequently in the first 6 months post transplantation. Regarding cases declared in SOT recipients, mycophenolate mofetil was used in 68%. A mortality rate of 6% was observed. Present results underline the importance of screening for cryptosporidiosis in immunocompromised patients suffering from diarrhea, especially in the course of major cell mediated immunodeficiency or even systematic screening before SOT. Exclusive Cryptosporidium free water feeding could be suggested during major cell mediated immunodeficiency.
Published: 2018
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12. Sex-related effects of nutritional supplementation of Escherichia coli: Relevance to eating disorders

Author: Wassila Ouelaa, Sergueï O. Fetissov, Jonathan Breton, Jean-Claude do Rego, Romain Legrand, Pierre Déchelotte, Christine Bole-Feysot, Nicolas Lucas, Naouel Tennoune, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Nutrition, inflammation et dysfonctionnement de l'axe intestin-cerveau (ADEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Normandie Université (NU), Service Commun d'Analyse Comportementale (SCAC), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Nutritional Supplementation, Colon, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Adrenocorticotropic hormone, Weight Gain, medicine.disease_cause, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Eating, Feces, chemistry.chemical_compound, Sex Factors, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Internal medicine, Escherichia coli, medicine, Animals, Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, Rats, Wistar, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Autoantibodies, 2. Zero hunger, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, Probiotics, Adenosine Monophosphate, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Melanocortins, Endocrinology, Immunoglobulin M, chemistry, alpha-MSH, Immunoglobulin G, Dietary Supplements, biology.protein, Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4, Female, Antibody, Melanocortin, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Hormone
Abstract: Objectives The biological background of sex-related differences in the development of eating disorders (EDs) is unknown. Recent data showed that gut bacteria Escherichia coli induce autoantibodies against anorexigenic α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) associated with psychopathology in ED. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of E. coli on feeding and autoantibodies against α-MSH and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), between female and male rats. Methods Commensal E. coli K12 were given in a culture medium daily to adult Wistar rats by intragastric gavage over a 3-wk period; control rats received culture medium only. Results Before gavage, E. coli K12 DNA was detected in feces of female but not male rats. E. coli provision was accompanied by an increase in body weight gain in females, but a decrease in body weight gain and food intake in males. Independent of E. coli treatment, plasma levels of anti-α-MSH and ACTH immunoglobulin (Ig)G were higher in female than male rats. Females responded to E. coli by increasing α-MSH IgG levels and affinity, but males by increasing α-MSH IgM levels. Affinity of IgG for ACTH was increased in both E. coli -treated females and males, although with different kinetics. IgG from females stimulated more efficiently α-MSH-induced cyclic adenosine monophosphate production by melanocortin 4 receptor-expressing cells compared with IgG from males. Discussion Sex-related response to how E. coli affects feeding and anti-melanocortin hormone antibody production may depend on the presence of these bacteria in the gut before E. coli supplementation. These data suggest that sex-related presence of certain gut bacteria may represent a risk factor for ED development.
Published: 2015
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13. La cryptosporidiose, une cause de diarrhée aiguë : revue de la littérature et étude rétrospective des cas dans le département de pédiatrie du CHU de Rouen

Author: D. Costa, C. Dumant Forest, R. Razakandrainibe, G. Gargala, D. Leméteil, Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Epidémiosurveillance de protozooses à transmission alimentaire et vectorielle (ESCAPE), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), and Center for Ocean Health
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030231 tropical medicine, 030106 microbiology, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Resume La cryptosporidiose, due au protozoaire Cryptosporidium, est la premiere cause de diarrhee parasitaire et peut avoir de graves consequences chez les tres jeunes enfants et les enfants malnutris vivant en zone d’endemie ainsi que chez les personnes atteintes d’un deficit profond de l’immunite cellulaire. Cryptosporidium se transmet soit directement de personne a personne ou d’animal a individu, soit par l’intermediaire d’eau ou d’aliments contamines et est a l’origine de nombreuses epidemies. L’espece zoonotique Cryptosporidium parvum et l’espece anthroponotique Cryptosporidium hominis sont responsables de la majorite des cas humains. Le nitazoxanide, molecule antiparasitaire, est efficace chez le patient immunocompetent mais aucun medicament specifique ne permet de controler efficacement l’infection en cas d’immunodepression. En France, comme ailleurs en Europe, on dispose de peu d’informations sur l’epidemiologie de la cryptosporidiose chez l’enfant. La recherche de Cryptosporidium n’est pas systematique au cours de l’examen parasitologique des selles mais est effectuee uniquement sur demande du clinicien et surtout en cas d’immunodepression. Dans le departement de pediatrie du CHU de Rouen, entre janvier 2007 et octobre 2014, Cryptosporidium a ete identifie dans les selles de 52/5337 (0,97 %) enfants souffrant de diarrhee aigue. L’âge median des enfants infectes etait de 3 ans (5 mois a 11 ans) et 80 % des cas s’etaient declares entre juillet et novembre. Trente-six (69,2 %) et 16 cas (30,8 %) etaient dus respectivement a C. parvum (le sous-type IIaA15G2R1 etant majoritaire) et C. hominis. Ces donnees suggerent que le reservoir bovin est en grande partie a l’origine de la transmission en Normandie orientale.
Published: 2017
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14. Cryptosporidium spp. Infection in Solid Organ Transplantation

Author: Lanternier, Fanny, Amazzough, Karima, Favennec, Loïc, Mamzer-Bruneel, Marie-France, Abdoul, Hendy, Tourret, Jérôme, Decramer, Stéphane, Zuber, Julien, Scemla, Anne, Legendre, Christophe, Lortholary, Olivier, Bougnoux, Marie-Elisabeth, Rodier, Marie-Hélène, Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service de néphrologie adultes [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Epidémiologie Clinique et Evaluation Economique Appliquées aux Populations Vulnérables (ECEVE (U1123 / UMR_S_1123)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Ecologie et Evolution des Microorganismes (EEM), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil (I2MR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IFR150-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Réseau CENTAURE, Service de Microbiologie, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Microbiologie de l'Eau (MDE), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology
Abstract: International audience; Diarrhea is a frequent complication of solid organ transplantation. Cryptosporidiosis is classically reported in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and emerged as a cause of persistent diarrhea in solid organ transplant patients.
Published: 2017
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15. In vivomolecular microimaging of pulmonary aspergillosis

Author: Loïc Favennec, Mathieu Salaün, Pierre Bohn, Loraine Heyman, Helene Morisse, Luc Thiberville, Jean Michel Picquenot, Equipe Quantification en Imagerie Fonctionnelle (QuantIF-LITIS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Traitement de l'Information et des Systèmes (LITIS), Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Groupe d'étude des proliférations lymphoïdes (GPL), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), service d'anatomo-pathologie, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Henri Becquerel Normandie Rouen (CLCC Henri Becquerel), and Breton, Céline
Subjects: Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Confocal, Peptides, Cyclic, Sensitivity and Specificity, Aspergillus fumigatus, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Ascomycota, In vivo, Bronchoscopy, Macrophages, Alveolar, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Endomicroscopy, medicine, Fluorescence microscope, Animals, Humans, Lung, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis, Geosmithia, Microscopy, Confocal, biology, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Rats, Disease Models, Animal, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Biofilms, Peptidomimetics, Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate, Preclinical imaging
Abstract: The early diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is challenging. Fibered confocal fluorescence microscopy (FCFM) is a new technique that allows in vivo imaging of the lung microstructure during bronchoscopy. In this study, we investigated the ability of FCFM to detect a fluorescent peptide-tracer bound to Aspergillus fumigatus in experimental IPA in 13 immunosuppressed, non-neutropenic rats. Subpleural IPA microabscesses were imaged through a transthoracic window using FCFM in vivo after i.v. injection of the c(CGGRLGPFC)-NH2([FITC]) peptide (n = 7) or saline. Results were compared to 10 immunosuppressed, non-infected rats and to six immunosuppressed Geosmithia argillacea-infected rats with and without i.v. injection of the peptide. The peptide in vitro specifically labeled A. fumigatus grown under biofilm growth conditions but not G. argillacea. In vivo, FCFM showed a local infiltration of fluorescent host cells in both Aspergillus and Geosmithia infections. Lung/inner thoracic wall fluorescence intensity ratio (FI) did not differ before and after peptide administration on healthy lung areas, on non-specific inflammatory areas, or on Geosmithia micro-abscesses. In contrast, FI increased from 1.05 without peptide to 1.83 after peptide injection on Aspergillus micro-abscesses (p < 0.0001). In peptide-injected rats, FI from IPA foci was higher than from non-specific inflammation or from Geosmithia abscesses (p ≤ 0.002). Using c(CGGRLFPC)-NH2([FITC]) peptide, FCFM allows the in vivo specific imaging of pulmonary aspergillosis. These data provide the basis for the in vivo diagnosis of human pulmonary aspergillosis using alveolar confocal endomicroscopy.
Published: 2013
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16. Role of the gut microbiota in host appetite control: bacterial growth to animal feeding behaviour

Author: Sergueï O. Fetissov, Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Appetite, Gut flora, Bacterial growth, Energy homeostasis, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Endocrinology, Escherichia coli, Animals, Humans, Medicine, education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, biology, Appetite Regulation, business.industry, Host (biology), Feeding Behavior, biology.organism_classification, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Cell biology, Gastrointestinal Tract, 030104 developmental biology, Energy Metabolism, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Bacteria, Homeostasis
Abstract: The life of all animals is dominated by alternating feelings of hunger and satiety - the main involuntary motivations for feeding-related behaviour. Gut bacteria depend fully on their host for providing the nutrients necessary for their growth. The intrinsic ability of bacteria to regulate their growth and to maintain their population within the gut suggests that gut bacteria can interfere with molecular pathways controlling energy balance in the host. The current model of appetite control is based mainly on gut-brain signalling and the animal's own needs to maintain energy homeostasis; an alternative model might also involve bacteria-host communications. Several bacterial components and metabolites have been shown to stimulate intestinal satiety pathways; at the same time, their production depends on bacterial growth cycles. This short-term bacterial growth-linked modulation of intestinal satiety can be coupled with long-term regulation of appetite, controlled by the neuropeptidergic circuitry in the hypothalamus. Indeed, several bacterial products are detected in the systemic circulation, which might act directly on hypothalamic neurons. This Review analyses the data relevant to possible involvement of the gut bacteria in the regulation of host appetite and proposes an integrative homeostatic model of appetite control that includes energy needs of both the host and its gut bacteria.
Published: 2017
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17. New Insights in Anorexia Nervosa

Author: Sergueï O. Fetissov, Nicolas Ramoz, Carole Rovere-Jovene, Pierre Déchelotte, Nicolas Chartrel, Jean-Claude Melchior, Corinne Blanchet-Collet, Nathalie Godart, Odile Viltart, Philip Gorwood, Virginie Tolle, Mouna Hanachi, Jacques Epelbaum, Jeanne Duclos, Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne [Paris], Maison de Solenn [CHU Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Différenciation et communication neuronale et neuroendocrine (DC2N), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Mutualiste de Montsouris (IMM), Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Nutrition, inflammation et dysfonctionnement de l'axe intestin-cerveau (ADEN), Handicap neuromusculaire : Physiopathologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologies appliquées (END-ICAP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IPMC), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U1172 Inserm - U837 (JPArc), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Université de Lille, Clinique des maladies mentales et de l'encéphale (CMME - Service de psychiatrie), Hôpital Sainte-Anne-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Laboratoire Mémoire et Cognition, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), douville, sabine, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 (JPArc), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Cochin [AP-HP], Dept. of Psychiatry for Adolescents and Young Adults, Faculté de Médecine, Site Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), AP-HP Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], Analyse Phenotypique, Developpementale et Genetique des Comportements Addictifs, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CRM J-P Aubert INSERM UMR 837, and Université de Lille
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, reward system adaptations, Lateral hypothalamus, autoantibodies, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], mental homeostasis, Review, eating disorders, Gut flora, Developmental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Neuroimaging, Orexigenic, medicine, microbiota, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, biology, General Neuroscience, Cognition, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Eating disorders, 030104 developmental biology, Anorexia nervosa (differential diagnoses), susceptibility factors, Abnormality, Psychology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; Anorexia nervosa (AN) is classically defined as a condition in which an abnormally low body weight is associated with an intense fear of gaining weight and distorted cognitions regarding weight, shape, and drive for thinness. This article reviews recent evidences from physiology, genetics, epigenetics, and brain imaging which allow to consider AN as an abnormality of reward pathways or an attempt to preserve mental homeostasis. Special emphasis is put on ghrelino-resistance and the importance of orexigenic peptides of the lateral hypothalamus, the gut microbiota and a dysimmune disorder of neuropeptide signaling. Physiological processes, secondary to underlying, and premorbid vulnerability factors—the “pondero-nutritional-feeding basements”- are also discussed.
Published: 2016
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18. Correction: Prevalence and Risk Factors for Intestinal Protozoan Infections with Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Blastocystis and Dientamoeba among Schoolchildren in Tripoli, Lebanon

Author: Marwan Osman, Dima El Safadi, Amandine Cian, Sadia Benamrouz, Céline Nourrisson, Philippe Poirier, Bruno Pereira, Romy Razakandrainibe, Anthony Pinon, Céline Lambert, Ivan Wawrzyniak, Fouad Dabboussi, Frederic Delbac, Loïc Favennec, Monzer Hamze, Eric Viscogliosi, Gabriela Certad, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de biostatistiques, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Laboratoire Biens, Normes, Contrats (LBNC), Avignon Université (AU), Centre AZM pour la Recherche en Biotechnologie et ses Applications, Université Libanaise, Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), and Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Adolescent, lcsh:RC955-962, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Molecular Sequence Data, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Feces, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Prevalence, Animals, Humans, Parasites, Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic, Lebanon, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Protozoan Infections, Schools, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Correction, lcsh:RA1-1270, Sequence Analysis, DNA, 3. Good health, Cross-Sectional Studies, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female
Abstract: Intestinal protozoan infections are confirmed as major causes of diarrhea, particularly in children, and represent a significant, but often neglected, threat to public health. No recent data were available in Lebanon concerning the molecular epidemiology of protozoan infections in children, a vulnerable population at high risk of infection.In order to improve our understanding of the epidemiology of intestinal pathogenic protozoa, a cross-sectional study was conducted in a general pediatric population including both symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects. After obtaining informed consent from the parents or legal guardians, stool samples were collected in January 2013 from 249 children in 2 schools in Tripoli, Lebanon. Information obtained from a standard questionnaire included demographic characteristics, current symptoms, socioeconomic status, source of drinking water, and personal hygiene habits. After fecal examination by both microscopy and molecular tools, the overall prevalence of parasitic infections was recorded as 85%. Blastocystis spp. presented the highest infection rate (63%), followed by Dientamoeba fragilis (60.6%), Giardia duodenalis (28.5%) and Cryptosporidium spp. (10.4%). PCR was also performed to identify species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium, subtypes of Blastocystis, and assemblages of Giardia. Statistical analysis using a logistic regression model showed that contact with family members presenting gastrointestinal disorders was the primary risk factor for transmission of these protozoa.This is the first study performed in Lebanon reporting the prevalence and the clinical and molecular epidemiological data associated with intestinal protozoan infections among schoolchildren in Tripoli. A high prevalence of protozoan parasites was found, with Blastocystis spp. being the most predominant protozoans. Although only 50% of children reported digestive symptoms, asymptomatic infection was observed, and these children may act as unidentified carriers. This survey provides necessary information for designing prevention and control strategies to reduce the burden of these protozoan infections, especially in children.
Published: 2016
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19. Intensive exploitation of a karst aquifer leads to Cryptosporidium water supply contamination

Author: Gilles Gargala, Jean-Paul Dupont, S. Khaldi, Loïc Favennec, Matthieu Fournier, Thierry Berthe, Mehdy Ratajczak, Départements de Physique et de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences (DPC), Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], Laboratoire de Microbiologie du Froid – Signaux et Micro-Environnement (LMDF-SME), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Karst aquifer, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Sinkhole, Cryptosporidium, Fresh Water, Aquifer, 010501 environmental sciences, Calcium Sulfate, 01 natural sciences, ChemScan RDI, Water supply, 03 medical and health sciences, Water Pollution, Chemical, Turbidity, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Water pollution, Groundwater, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Civil and Structural Engineering, Hydrology, 0303 health sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, 030306 microbiology, Giardia, Ecological Modeling, Oocysts, Surface water, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Intensive exploitation, Water quality, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: International audience; Groundwater from karst aquifers is an important source of drinking water worldwide. Outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis linked to surface water and treated public water are regularly reported. Cryptosporidium oocysts are resistant to conventional drinking water disinfectants and are a major concern for the water industry. Here, we examined conditions associated with oocyst transport along a karstic hydrosystem, and the impact of intensive exploitation on Cryptosporidium oocyst contamination of the water supply. We studied a well-characterized karstic hydrosystem composed of a sinkhole, a spring and a wellbore. Thirty-six surface water and groundwater samples were analyzed for suspended particulate matter, turbidity, electrical conductivity, and Cryptosporidium and Giardia (oo)cyst concentrations. (Oo)cysts were identified and counted by means of solid-phase cytometry (ChemScan RDI®), a highly sensitive method. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 78% of both surface water and groundwater samples, while Giardia cysts were found in respectively 22% and 8% of surface water and groundwater samples. Mean Cryptosporidium oocyst concentrations were 29, 13 and 4/100 L at the sinkhole, spring and wellbore, respectively. Cryptosporidium oocysts were transported from the sinkhole to the spring and the wellbore, with respective release rates of 45% and 14%, suggesting that oocysts are subject to storage and remobilization in karst conduits. Principal components analysis showed that Cryptosporidium oocyst concentrations depended on variations in hydrological forcing factors. All water samples collected during intensive exploitation contained oocysts. Control of Cryptosporidium oocyst contamination during intensive exploitation is therefore necessary to ensure drinking water quality.
Published: 2011
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20. Maintaining physical activity during refeeding improves body composition, intestinal hyperpermeability and behavior in anorectic mice

Author: Romain Legrand, Sergueï O. Fetissov, S. Nobis, Pierre Déchelotte, Sophie Claeyssens, L. Belmonte, Brigitte Maurer, Moïse Coëffier, Alexis Goichon, Najate Achamrah, Jean-Claude do Rego, Jean Luc Do Rego, Pierre Jésus, Jonathan Breton, Christine Bole-Feysot, Nutrition, inflammation et dysfonctionnement de l'axe intestin-cerveau (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de nutrition [CHU Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale (LBM), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service Commun d'Analyse Comportementale (SCAC), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), The present study was supported by the European INTERREG Project PeReNE, by ITM marketing and by agrant of the Nutricia Research Foundation. NA was supported by the Region Haute Normandie and the Rouenuniversity hospital. JB was supported by the Region Haute Normandie and INSERM, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Laboratoire de biochimie générale, Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Duchange, Nathalie, Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-High-tech Research Infrastructures for Life Sciences (HeRacLeS), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Anorexia Nervosa, Protein metabolism, Anorexia nervosa, chemistry.chemical_compound, Eating, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Kynurenic acid, PPAR delta, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Kynurenine, 2. Zero hunger, Multidisciplinary, Behavior, Animal, food and beverages, Pathophysiology, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], Body Composition, medicine.symptom, medicine.medical_specialty, Colon, Blotting, Western, Anorexia, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Article, Permeability, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Physical Conditioning, Animal, medicine, Animals, PPAR alpha, RNA, Messenger, Muscle, Skeletal, Transaminases, Tight Junction Proteins, organic chemicals, Body Weight, fungi, medicine.disease, Mice, Inbred C57BL, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, chemistry, Lean body mass, Anorectic, Energy Metabolism, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: A role of gut-brain axis emerges in the pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa and maintaining adapted physical activity during refeeding remains discussed. We aimed to assess gastrointestinal protein metabolism and investigate the contribution of physical activity during refeeding in C57BL/6 mice with activity-based anorexia (ABA). ABA mice exhibited lower body weight and food intake with increase of lean mass/fat mass ratio and fat oxidation. Colonic permeability was increased in ABA. Ad libitum food access was then restored and ABA group was divided into two subgroups, with access to running wheel (ABA-PA) or not (ABA-NPA). After refeeding, fat free mass was completely restored only in ABA-PA. Colonic permeability was enhanced in ABA-NPA. Finally, muscle kynurenine conversion into kynurenic acid was lower in ABA-NPA who also exhibited altered behavior. Maintaining physical activity during refeeding may thus limit colonic hyperpermeability and improve behavior in anorectic mice.
Published: 2016
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21. Effect of partially methylated β cyclodextrin on percutaneous absorption of metopimazine

Author: Philippe Arnaud, Soizic Jezequel, Ludovic Didier, Abdussalam Sughir, Frédéric Bounoure, Mohamed Skiba, Eric Mallet, Malika Lahiani-Skiba, Cécile Barbot, Nutrition, inflammation et dysfonctionnement de l'axe intestin-cerveau (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), CHU Rouen, and Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: Octanol, Hydrochloride, Absorption (skin), 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Cyclodextrin, Solubility, Metopimazine, chemistry.chemical_classification, Chromatography, Percutaneous absorption, Franz’s cell, General Chemistry, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, Permeation, Condensed Matter Physics, 3. Good health, Partition coefficient, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Food Science, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; Metopimazine (MPZ) is an antiemetic drug used by oral and rectal administration. A transdermal delivery system of MPZ may present a great advantage for the treatment of nausea and vomiting to improve therapeutic adhesion. MPZ is a lipophilic drug with poor water solubility. Partially methyled β cyclodextrin (PMβ-CD) was tested to enhance percutaneous absorption of MPZ. Complex MPZ/cyclodextrin was characterized by Higushi’s phase solubility, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses and MPZ octanol partition coefficient was also determinated. The permeation of free MPZ and inclusion complex through pig skin were investigated using Franz’s cells. Four concentrations of cyclodextrins, 0, 5, 10 and 20% were tested. Partition coefficient was depending on pH of the solution. At pH 5.5, MPZ ionization increased the hydrophily (0.71) and at pH 10.3, non-ionized MPZ was the dominant form (591). The solubility of MPZ increased with the concentration of PMβ-CD and the phase solubility diagram is an Ap type. The used characterization analyses demonstrated the formation of an inclusion complex and this complex improved percutaneous absorption of MPZ. No MPZ flux was detected for a suspension of MPZ and it was more important with MPZ hydrochloride, 0.177 ± 0.044 μg/h/cm². Flux was increased to 0.570 ± 0.058 μg/h/cm² with a concentration of 20%. The use of cyclodextrin with MPZ hydrochloride increased also the percutaneous absorption with 0.549 ± 0.175 μg/h/cm² for a concentration of 5%, 0.435 ± 0.031 μg/h/cm² for a concentration of 10% and 0.474 ± 0.054 μg/h/cm² for a concentration of 20%. This study shows that PMβ-CD improves percutaneous penetration of MPZ. But the absorption is not enough to allow a therapeutic effect. Cyclodextrin complex increases MPZ solubility and this bioavailability at the skin surface, and cyclodextrin may also modify the barrier propriety of skin.
Published: 2007
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22. Dopamine release in the lateral hypothalamus is stimulated by α-MSH in both the anticipatory and consummatory phases of feeding

Author: Sergueï O. Fetissov, Pierre Déchelotte, Romain Legrand, Jonathan Breton, Nicolas Lucas, Nutrition, inflammation et dysfonctionnement de l'axe intestin-cerveau (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Normandie Université (NU), Service de nutrition [CHU Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Microdialysis, Sucrose, Lateral hypothalamus, Microinjections, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Dopamine, Drinking, Neuropeptide, Nucleus accumbens, Nucleus Accumbens, chemistry.chemical_compound, Eating, Food Preferences, Endocrinology, sAnorexia nervosa, Internal medicine, α-MSH, medicine, Animals, Rats, Wistar, Biological Psychiatry, 2. Zero hunger, integumentary system, Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, Neuropeptides, Eating disorder, Feeding Behavior, Anticipation, Psychological, Stimulation, Chemical, Rats, Psychiatry and Mental health, chemistry, alpha-MSH, Hypothalamic Area, Lateral, Melanocortin, Consummatory Behavior, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, medicine.drug, Hormone
Abstract: International audience; α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), is a hypothalamic neuropeptide signaling satiation, but it is not known if α-MSH may stimulate dopamine release in a feeding control brain region of the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), during the anticipatory and consummatory phases of feeding behavior. To address these questions, dynamics of dopamine release were measured in 15 min microdialysis samples simultaneously from the LHA and the nucleus accumbens (NAc) during consecutive exposure and provision of food and 1% sucrose in Wistar rats after overnight food deprivation. α-MSH was infused via the microdialysis probe either into the LHA or NAc starting before food exposure. Food, sucrose and water intakes were automatically monitored and analyzed concomitantly with microdialysis samples. We found that LHA-α-MSH-infused rats stopped eating earlier and consumed less food and sucrose as compared to control and NAc-α-MSH-infused rats. Exposure to food produced a peak of LHA dopamine in both LHA-α-MSH and NAc-α-MSH-infused rats but not in the controls. During food provision, LHA dopamine levels were strongly elevated in LHA-α-MSH infused rats, while delivery of α-MSH into the NAc induced a less intense increase of dopamine in both NAc and LHA. In all rats, LHA dopamine levels correlated inversely with sucrose intake. In conclusion, our study showed that α-MSH stimulates dopamine release in the LHA during both the anticipatory and consummatory phases of feeding, decreases food intake and inhibits sucrose intake. These data suggest that LHA dopamine release can be involved in α-MSH anorexigenic effects.
Published: 2015
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23. Proteomic analysis of glutamine-treated human intestinal epithelial HCT-8 cells under basal and inflammatory conditions

Author: Roland Charlionet, Rachel Marion, Hubert Vaudry, Nicolas Deniel, David Cosquer, Jérôme Leprince, Sandrine Thébault, François Tron, Pierre Déchelotte, Philippe Ducrotté, Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut Fédératif de Recherches Multidisciplinaires sur les Peptides (IFRMP 23), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Henri Becquerel Normandie Rouen (CLCC Henri Becquerel)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Protéines de défense des réponses immune et inflammatoire : identification, régulation et rôles physiopathologiques, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Neuroendocrinologie cellulaire et moléculaire
Subjects: MESH: Inflammation, Proteome, Glutamine, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Proteolysis, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, Biology, Proteomics, Biochemistry, Cell Line, Nucleic acid metabolism, Proinflammatory cytokine, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.BC.IC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], medicine, Protein biosynthesis, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Inflammation, MESH: Glutamine, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Humans, medicine.diagnostic_test, 16. Peace & justice, MESH: Cell Line, Cell biology, MESH: Proteome, chemistry, Cell culture, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, MESH: Intestinal Mucosa, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology
Abstract: International audience; Glutamine (Gln) promotes intestinal growth and maintains gut structure and function, especially in situations of injury and during inflammation. Several mechanisms could contribute to Gln protective effects on gut. Proteomics enable us to characterize differentially expressed proteins in tissues in response to modifications of the biological or nutritional environment. Gln effects on the human intestinal epithelial HCT-8 cell line proteome were assessed under basal and proinflammatory conditions. The 2-DE gels were obtained and compared. Proteins were identified by MS and using databases. About 1200 spots were detected in both 2- and 10-mM Gln concentrations. Under basal conditions, 24 proteins were differentially expressed in response to Gln. Half of these proteins were implicated in protein biosynthesis or proteolysis and 20% in membrane trafficking. Under proinflammatory conditions, 27 proteins were up- or down-regulated by Gln 10 mM. From these proteins, 40% were involved in protein biosynthesis or proteolysis, 16% in membrane trafficking, 8% in cell cycle and apoptosis mechanisms and 8% in nucleic acid metabolism. This study provides the first holistic picture of proteome modulation by Gln in a human enterocytic cell line under basal and proinflammatory conditions, and supports further evaluation of nutritional modulation of intestinal proteome in humans.
Published: 2006
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24. Drastic Reduction of a Filarial Infection in Eosinophilic Interleukin-5 Transgenic Mice

Author: Odile Bain, Marie-Noëlle Ungeheuer, Phat N. Vuong, Laetitia Le Goff, Coralie Martin, Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Georgia Tech Lorraine [Metz], Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta]-CentraleSupélec-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Metiers Metz-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Genetically modified mouse, Transgene, Immunology, Antibodies, Helminth, Helminthiasis, Mice, Transgenic, Microbiology, Leukocyte Count, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Eosinophilia, medicine, Animals, Interleukin 5, Filarioidea, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Filariasis, Eosinophils, Immunoglobulin Isotypes, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Infectious Diseases, Immunoglobulin G, Major basic protein, biology.protein, Pleura, Parasitology, Interleukin-5, Fungal and Parasitic Infections, medicine.symptom, 030215 immunology
Abstract: In order to establish the role of eosinophils in destroying parasites, transgenic mice have been used in experimental helminthiases but not in filariasis.Litomosoides sigmodontisoffers a good opportunity for this study because it is the only filarial species that completes its life cycle in mice. Its development was compared in transgenic CBA/Ca mice overexpressing interleukin-5 (IL-5) and in wild-type mice following subcutaneous inoculation of 40 infective larvae. An acceleration of larval growth was observed in the IL-5 transgenic mice. However, the recovery rate of adult worms was considerably reduced in these mice, as evidenced 2 months postinoculation (p.i.). The reduction occurs between days 10 and 30 p.i. in the coelomic cavities. As early as day 10, spherical aggregates of eosinophils and macrophages are seen attached on live developing larvae (always similarly localized on the worm) in both wild-type and transgenic mice. However, on day 60 p.i., granulomas were found in the transgenic mice only, probably because of the higher density of eosinophils. Furthermore, on day 30 p.i., young filariae are seen trapped in granulomas, some of them surrounded by Splendore-Hoeppli deposits, which illustrates the release of the major basic protein by eosinophils. The high protection rate obtained (65%) is similar to that observed previously in BALB/c mice following vaccination with irradiated larvae. Both protocols have a common factor, the high production of IL-5 and eosinophilia. However, protection occurs later in primary infected transgenic mice because specific antibodies are not yet present at the time of challenge.
Published: 2000
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25. Jaundice revealing a k light chain myeloma because of liver light chain deposits

Author: Odile Goria, Arnaud François, Eric Lerebours, Guillaume Savoye, S. Ramirez, Hélène Montialoux, Céline Savoye-Collet, Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service d'imagerie médicale [CHU Rouen], and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen
Subjects: Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Fatal outcome, Jaundice, Insuficiencia hepatica, Immunoglobulin light chain, Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains, 03 medical and health sciences, Fatal Outcome, 0302 clinical medicine, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Humans, Medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Multiple myeloma, Aged, Hepatology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Liver Diseases, Gastroenterology, Liver failure, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Liver, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Liver biopsy, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, medicine.symptom, Multiple Myeloma, business, Light chain myeloma
Abstract: We report the case of a 77-year-old man referred for jaundice and diagnosed with intrahepatic light chain deposit as primary manifestation of a kappa light chain multiple myeloma. Jaundice is a very rare way of presentation for myeloma. In our observation, diagnosis was made by liver biopsy, which found light chain deposits infiltrating perisinusoidal spaces. We discuss jaundice's possible mechanisms in myeloma.
Published: 2009
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26. Sequential variations of Rasamsonia spp. isolate genotypes in cystic fibrosis patients

Author: Matray, Olivier, Mouhajir, A, Giraud, Sandrine, Gargala, Gilles, Zouhair, Rachid, Bougnoux, Marie-Elisabeth, Bouchara, Jean-Philippe, Favennec, Loïc, Epidémiosurveillance de protozooses à transmission alimentaire et vectorielle (ESCAPE), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Université Moulay Ismail (UMI), Biologie et Pathogénicité fongiques, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), CHU Rouen, Biologie et Pathogénicité fongiques (BPF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: International audience; Rasamsonia species have been recently described as emergent pathogens in human and animals. Recent multilocus phylogenetic studies have shown that the genus Rasamsonia (R.) includes at least four phylogenetically related species forming the R. argillacea complex, R. argillacea sensu stricto, R. piperina, R. eburnea and R. aegroticola, which have been mostly reported in the clinical context of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) and cystic fibrosis (CF). Differences in sensitivity to antifungal therapies which have been noted within the genus Rasamsonia underline the importance of early identification of clinical isolates for optimal treatment during the early stages of infection. In this context, the aim of this work was to obtain genotypic characterization of clinical Rasamsonia spp. isolates from 26 CF patients and one acutely infected CGD patient using PCR amplification of repetitive DNA sequences (rep-PCR) and to compare species distributions determined by β tubulin sequencing with rep-PCR genotypes/clusters. One hundred and ten isolates were collected sequentially or simultaneously from 01/09/1998 to 08/2012 from sputum samples of 26 CF patients. One CGD patient (4 isolates) was studied in parallel. Two references strains (CBS #408.73 (R. piperina) and #432.62 (R. cylindrospora) were obtained from CBS. After extraction, PCR amplifications of repetitive DNA sequences were realized for each sample using the DiversiLab Fungal kit (bioMérieux). Amplicons were separated by capillary electrophoresis in an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (Massy, France). Single electrophoretic profiles obtained for each isolate were compared using the DiversiLab Healthcare software (version 3.41). As previously reported in CF patients, beta-tubulin gene sequencing of 110 isolates identified more frequently R. aegroticola (72 isolates from 19 CF patients) than R. argillacea stricto sensu (30 isolates from 8 CF patients), and R. piperina (8 isolates from 5 CF patients), with 15, 6, and 7 distinct profiles, respectively. From the CGD patient, all isolates were identified as R. argillacea stricto sensu. Without exception, species identification according to rep-PCR genotypes was entirely consistent with beta-tubulin sequencing results. Present data provide the first description of sequential Rasamsonia spp. variations with time in CF patients. Rasamsonia argillacea sensu stricto isolates were found persistent for years in all sequentially sampled CF patients except 1 who presented 4 different successive genotypes. In contrast to R. argillacea sensu stricto, sequential detection of R. aegroticola and R. piperina revealed frequent successive changes in isolate genotypes in most CF patients.
Published: 2014

27. Evaluation of the risk of fungal colonization/infection in patients with cystic fibrosis : an international prospective study comparing the performance of media for mycological culturing MucoFong International Project (MFIP)

Author: Katrien Lagrou, Emmanuel Roilides, Maria Simitsopoulou, Veroniek Saegeman, Frédéric Grenouillet, S. Le Gal, C.O. Faure, Ersilia Fiscarelli, Françoise Botterel, G. Riccioti, Sharon C.-A. Chen, Muriel Cornet, G. Nevez, Jean-Philippe Bouchara, Elia Gómez, Wieland Meyer, Marc Pihet, Kada Touati, Eric Dannaoui, Rafael Cantón, Boualem Sendid, L. Cariani, E. Manso, Loïc Favennec, M. Caro-Luis, Silvia Campana, A. Biffi, Andrew M. Borman, Laurence Delhaes, P. Lepape, Florent Morio, Walter Buzina, Thérapeutique Recombinante Expérimentale (TIMC-IMAG-TheREx), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie [CHU HEGP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Dynamic Microbiology - EA 7380 (DYNAMIC), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologiede [CHRU Brest], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Mycology Reference Laboratory, Health Protection Agency, University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven], Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal [Madrid], Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, The University of Sydney, Third Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University, Ippokration Hospital of Thessaloniki, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, U.O. Microbiologia, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù [Roma], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie (CHU d'Angers), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Univ Angers, Okina, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université Paris-Est (UPE)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), and Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.disease, Cystic fibrosis, Surgery, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious Diseases, Internal medicine, medicine, Fungal colonization, In patient, business, Prospective cohort study, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2014

28. Rasamsonia species isolated from cystic fibrosis patients: MALDI-TOF/MS identification and antifungal susceptibility by EUCAST method

Author: Giraud, Sandrine, Dannaoui, Eric, Leto, Julie, Mouhajir, A, Angebault, Cécile, Béretti, Jean-Luc, Favennec, Loïc, Bouchara, Jean-Philippe, Bougnoux, Marie-Elisabeth, Jacob, S., Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie [CHU HEGP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Dynamic Microbiology - EA 7380 (DYNAMIC), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université Paris-Est (UPE)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Biologie et Pathogénicité fongiques (BPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Univ Angers, Okina, École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Biologie et Pathogénicité fongiques, and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: International audience; A wide variety of filamentous fungi are able to colonize respiratory tract of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Recently, fungi of the genus Rasamsonia (formely Geosmithia) have been described as a new emergent group of fungi pathogen in CF patients. The genus Rasamsonia comprises nine species including Rasamsonia argillacea (sensu lato) which is a complex of species (R. argillacea sensu stricto, R. piperina , R. eburnea, and R. aegroticola). Only species belonging to species complex R. argillacea have been yet isolated from patients with chronic granulomatous disease and CF. Accurate identification at the species level of the members of the Rasamsonia complex on the basis of morphology criteria is challenging, and frequent misidentification with a Penicillium emersonii have been reported.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI)-time of flight (TOF)/mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful tool to rapidly identify moulds at the species level. We investigated the potential of this technology to discriminate Rasamsonia species. Nine reference strains were used to build a reference database library. Profiles from 3-, 5- and 7-day-old cultures of each reference strain were analysed to identify species-specific discriminating profiles. The database was tested for accuracy using a set of 74 clinical isolates collected from 29 CF-patients in 4 French hospitals (Rouen, Giens, Angers and Paris). For each isolate, the species identification obtained using MALDI-TOF/MS was compared to this obtained by Diversilab method. Our results showed a high reliability of the MALDI-TOF analysis.Antifungal susceptibility testing was also performed for 20 isolates (identified as R. argillacea, R. aegroticola or R. piperina) from 13 patients using the microdilution broth reference method of the Antifungal Susceptibility Testing Subcommittee of EUCAST. All isolates tested showed a high MIC of > 8 mg/L to voriconazole, and the majority also showed high MICs to itraconazole (MIC > 8 mg/L), except for R. piperina strains (MIC 0.5 - 1 mg/L). The susceptibility to amphotericin B was variable (MIC: 0.5 - > 8 mg/L), with no specific distinction according to Rasamsonia species. Finally, all isolates exhibited low MICs to micafungin (0.0312 - 0.125 mg/L).Altogether, our results show that MALDI-TOF/MS is a powerful tool for rapid identification of Rasamsonia species that cannot be currently identified by morphological examination in the clinical setting, and confirm that the members of R. argillacea complex, colonizing respiratory tract in CF patients, have a very low susceptibility to available antifungal agents.
Published: 2014

29. Rep-PCR (DiversiLab, bioMérieux), une méthode automatisée pour des études épidémiologiques de la colonisation fongique des voies respiratoires au cours de la mucoviscidose

Author: Mouhajir, A, Matray, Olivier, Giraud, Sandrine, Gargala, Gilles, Bougnoux, Marie-Elisabeth, Zouhair, Rachid, Bouchara, Jean-Philippe, Favennec, Loïc, Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Epidémiosurveillance de protozooses à transmission alimentaire et vectorielle (ESCAPE), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], Biologie et Pathogénicité fongiques, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Moulay Ismail (UMI), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2013

30. Les espèces du genre Scedosporium : des pathogènes émergents

Author: Symoens, Françoise, Bouchara, Jean-Philippe, Favennec, Loïc, Freney, J., Grillot, R., Leclercq, R., Lepargneur, J.P., Paugam, A., Pozzetto, Bruno, Renaud, F., Riegel, P., Public Health and Surveillance [Brussels], Institut Scientifique de Santé Publique [Belgique] - Scientific Institute of Public Health [Belgium] (WIV-ISP), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), Hôpital Côte de Nacre [CHU Caen], CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes (GIMAP), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Régénération tissulaire, interactions biologiques et biomatériaux (RTI2B), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Institut de bactériologie, and Fédération de Médecine Translationelle de Strasbourg (FMTS)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Published: 2012

31. Are digestive symptoms in women presenting with pelvic endometriosis specific to lesion localizations? A preliminary prospective study

Author: Horace Roman, Guillaume Gourcerol, Jean Jacques Tuech, V. Bridoux, Guillaume Savoye, Céline Savoye-Collet, Nicolae Suciu, Philippe Ducrotté, Julie Ness, Anne Marie Leroi, Service de gynécologie et obstétrique [CHU Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Service de chirurgie digestive [CHU Rouen], Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Neuroendocrinologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Equipe Quantification en Imagerie Fonctionnelle (QuantIF-LITIS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Traitement de l'Information et des Systèmes (LITIS), Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), and Breton, Céline
Subjects: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Constipation, Digestive System Diseases, Endometriosis, Rectum, Constriction, Pathologic, Pelvic Pain, Gastroenterology, Lesion, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Dysmenorrhea, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Defecation, Pelvis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Gynecology, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, business.industry, Pelvic pain, Rehabilitation, Obstetrics and Gynecology, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, medicine.anatomical_structure, Dyspareunia, Rectal Diseases, Reproductive Medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Colonography, Computed Tomographic
Abstract: What are the types and frequency of digestive symptoms in patients with different localizations of pelvic endometriosis and which specific symptoms are related to rectal stenosis?There is a high prevalence of digestive complaints in women presenting with superficial pelvic endometriosis and deep endometriosis sparing the rectum.Women presenting with pelvic endometriosis frequently report gastrointestinal complaints of increased intensity during menstruation, which are not necessarily linked to the infiltration of the disease into the rectal wall. Even though intrarectal protrusion of the nodule can have an impact on bowel movement, only a minority of women with rectal nodules seemed to be concerned by significant narrowing of the rectum.This three-arm cohort prospective study included 116 women and was carried out over 22 consecutive months.Prospective recording of data was performed for women treated for Stage 1 endometriosis involving the Douglas pouch (n = 21), deep endometriosis without digestive infiltration (n = 42) and deep endometriosis infiltrating the rectum (n = 53). Patient characteristics, pelvic pain and data from preoperative standardized questionnaires The Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI), the Knowles-Eccersley-Scott-Symptom Questionnaire (KESS) and the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were compared according to endometriosis localization.The values of total KESS and total GIQLI score were comparable for the three groups, as were a majority of the digestive complaints. Women presenting with rectal endometriosis were more likely to report an increase in intensity and length of dysmenorrhoea, while deep dyspareunia appeared to be more severe in women with superficial endometriosis. Women presenting with rectal endometriosis were more likely to present cyclic defecation pain (67.9%), cyclic constipation (54.7%) and a significantly longer stool evacuation time, although these complaints were also frequent in the other two groups (38.1 and 33.3% in women with Stage 1 endometriosis and 42.9 and 26.2% in women with deep endometriosis without digestive involvement, respectively). No independent clinical factor was found to be related to infiltration of the rectum by deep endometriosis. Among women with rectal endometriosis, only 26.4% presented with rectal stenosis. These women were significantly more likely to report constipation, defecation pain, appetite disorders, longer evacuation time and increased stool consistency without laxatives.Patients treated for pelvic endometriosis in a tertiary referral centre may not be representative of the general endometriosis population presenting with those lesions. Statistically significant differences were revealed between the three groups; however, the results were based on a small number of subjects, which carries an inherent risk of type II error particularly when comparing variables with closed values.In women presenting with pelvic endometriosis, it seems likely that various digestive symptoms are the consequence of cyclic inflammatory phenomena leading to irritation of the digestive tract, rather than to actual infiltration of the disease itself into the rectum, with the exception of a limited number of cases where the disease leads to rectal stenosis.The North-West Inter Regional Female Cohort for Patients with Endometriosis (CIRENDO) is financed by the G4 Group (The University Hospitals of Rouen, Lille, Amiens and Caen). No financial support was specifically received for this study. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Published: 2012

32. Physiopathologie de la colonisation des voies respiratoires par Scedosporium apiospermum au cours de la mucoviscidose

Author: Franck Labbé, Sandrine Giraud, Olivier Matray, Jean-Philippe Bouchara, Loïc Favennec, Epidémiosurveillance de protozooses à transmission alimentaire et vectorielle (ESCAPE), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Infectious Diseases, 030306 microbiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030212 general & internal medicine, Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2012

33. In vivo and in situ imaging of experimental invasive pulmonary aspergillosis using fibered confocal fluorescence microscopy

Author: Mathieu Salaün, Pierre Bohn, Luc Thiberville, Jean Michel Picquenot, Helene Morisse, Loïc Favennec, Loraine Heyman, Equipe Quantification en Imagerie Fonctionnelle (QuantIF-LITIS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Traitement de l'Information et des Systèmes (LITIS), Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), service d'anatomo-pathologie, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Henri Becquerel Normandie Rouen (CLCC Henri Becquerel), Groupe d'étude des proliférations lymphoïdes (GPL), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Breton, Céline
Subjects: Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Confocal, Sensitivity and Specificity, Aspergillus fumigatus, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, In vivo, Predictive Value of Tests, Macrophages, Alveolar, medicine, Fluorescence microscope, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Animals, skin and connective tissue diseases, Lung, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis, Aspergillus, Microscopy, Confocal, biology, Endoscopy, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, In vitro, Rats, Disease Models, Animal, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Preclinical imaging
Abstract: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a highly fatal disease in immunosuppressed patients. In this study, we assessed fi bered confocal fl uorescence microscopy (FCFM), a new endoscopic technique that enables in vivo microscopic imaging of the distal lung, as a tool for in vivo imaging of IPA. IPA was induced in immunosuppressed rats using a wild strain of Aspergillus fumigatus ( n 6) or a fl uorescent transformed TAG-RFP A. fumigatus strain ( n 10). Subpleural areas of pulmonary infection were imaged in vivo using FCFM employing a transthoracic approach. Results were compared to three immunosuppressed control groups, i.e., non-inoculated rats ( n 4), rats inoculated with sterile Phospate-buffer saline (PBS; n 5), and rats inoculated with Geosmithia argillacea ( n 6). Only hyphae of TAG-RFP A. fumigatus were detectable both in vitro and in vivo by FCFM. In vivo , a local infi ltration of fl uorescent alveolar macrophages was observed with FCFM in IPA areas in all fungal infections groups, but also in focal infl ammatory areas in the immunosuppressed PBS group. A specifi c fi brillar fl uorescence was observed in IPA areas with the TAG-RFP A. fumigatus group, with a 83% sensitivity, a 100% specifi city, a 100% positive predictive value and 94% negative predictive value. FCFM provides a new tool to study host-aspergillus interactions in vivo .
Published: 2011

34. Pregnancy outcome in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with thiopurines: cohort from the CESAME Study

Author: Coelho, Jessica, Beaugerie, Laurent, Colombel, Jean Frédéric, Hébuterne, Xavier, Lerebours, Eric, Lémann, Marc, Baumer, Philippe, Cosnes, Jacques, Bourreille, Arnaud, Gendre, Jean Pierre, Seksik, Philippe, Blain, Antoine, Metman, Etienne H, Nisard, Andrée, Cadiot, Guillaume, Veyrac, Michel, Coffin, Benoît, Dray, Xavier, Carrat, Fabrice, Marteau, Philippe, Renseigné, Non, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Gastroentérologie et nutrition [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre d'Investigation Clinique Lille, PRES Université Lille Nord de France-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service de gastro-entérologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Gastro-Entérologie et Nutrition, Neuropathies du système nerveux entérique et pathologies digestives, implication des cellules gliales entériques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Université de Nantes (UN), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Fédération Médico-Chirurgicale des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-CHU Saint-Eloi, Département de Gastroentérologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation (ESIM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Saint Eloi (CHRU Montpellier), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)
Subjects: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Medication history, Birth weight, Inflammatory bowel disease, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, medicine, Birth Weight, Humans, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, Crohn's disease, Thiopurine methyltransferase, biology, Mercaptopurine, Obstetrics, business.industry, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy Outcome, Gastroenterology, Abnormalities, Drug-Induced, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Surgery, Pregnancy Complications, Treatment Outcome, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, biology.protein, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, France, business, Immunosuppressive Agents, Cohort study
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Few studies have been conducted addressing the safety of thiopurine treatment in pregnant women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the pregnancy outcome of women with IBD who have been exposed to thiopurines. METHODS: 215 pregnancies in 204 women were registered and documented in the CESAME cohort between May 2004 and October 2007. Physicians documented the following information from the women: last menstrual date, delivery term, details of pregnancy outcome, prematurity, birth weight and height, congenital abnormalities, medication history during each trimester, smoking history and alcohol ingestion. Data were compared between three groups: women exposed to thiopurines (group A), women receiving a drug other than thiopurines (group B) and women not receiving any medication (group C). RESULTS: Mean age at pregnancy was 28.3 years. 75.7% of the women had Crohn's disease and 21.8% had ulcerative colitis, with a mean disease duration of 6.8 years at inclusion. Of the 215 pregnancies, there were 138 births (142 newborns), and the mean birth weight was 3135 g. There were 86 pregnancies in group A, 84 in group B and 45 in group C. Interrupted pregnancies occurred in 36% of patients enrolled in group A, 33% of patients enrolled in group B, and 40% of patients enrolled in group C; congenital abnormalities arose in 3.6% of group A cases and 7.1% of group B cases. No significant differences were found between the three groups in overall pregnancy outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained from this cohort indicate that thiopurine use during pregnancy is not associated with increased risks, including congenital abnormalities.
Published: 2011
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35. In vivo imaging of rat experimental invasive pulmonary aspergillosis using fibred confocal fluorescence microscopy

Author: Hélène Morisse, Loraine Heyman, Mathieu Salaün, Loïc Favennec, Jean-Michel Piquenot, Pierre Bohn, Luc Thiberville, Equipe Quantification en Imagerie Fonctionnelle (QuantIF-LITIS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Traitement de l'Information et des Systèmes (LITIS), Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Groupe d'étude des proliférations lymphoïdes (GPL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Breton, Céline
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2011

36. Pathophysiological approach to bowel dysfunction after segmental colorectal resection for deep endometriosis infiltrating the rectum

Author: Armengol-Debeir, Laura, Savoye, Guillaume, Leroi, Anne-Marie, Gourcerol, Guillaume, Savoye-Collet, Céline, Vassilieff, Maud, Tuech, Jean-Jacques, Roman, Horace, Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Neuroendocrinologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Equipe Quantification en Imagerie Fonctionnelle (QuantIF-LITIS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Traitement de l'Information et des Systèmes (LITIS), Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Service de chirurgie digestive [CHU Rouen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Service de gynécologie et obstétrique [CHU Rouen], CHU Rouen, and Breton, Céline
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2011

37. Lack of standardization in the procedures for mycological examination of sputum samples from CF patients: a possible cause for variations in the prevalence of filamentous fungi

Author: Jacqueline Carrère, Jean-Philippe Bouchara, Regine Horré, Stéphane Ranque, Andrew M. Borman, Michael D. Palmer, Laurence Delhaes, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Loïc Favennec, Mycology Reference Laboratory, Health Protection Agency, Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), and Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )
Subjects: Microbiological Techniques, Cystic Fibrosis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Fungus, Cystic fibrosis, Mycological Typing Techniques, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Prevalence, Humans, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0303 health sciences, Microscopy, biology, Lung Diseases, Fungal, 030306 microbiology, Fungi, Sputum, Scedosporium apiospermum, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, United Kingdom, 3. Good health, Culture Media, Pseudallescheria boydii, Infectious Diseases, 030228 respiratory system, France, Paecilomyces, medicine.symptom, Exophiala dermatitidis
Abstract: Filamentous fungi and yeasts are increasingly isolated from respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fi brosis (CF), and persistent fungal colonization of the airways of such patients is thought to exacerbate lung damage. While many independent studies have identifi ed Aspergillus fumigatus complex as the principal colonizing fungus in CF, increased awareness of the role of fungi in CF pathology coupled with improved mycological culture and identifi cation methods have resulted in a number of other fungi being isolated and reported from CF sputum samples, including A. terreus , members of the Pseudallescheria boydii / Scedosporium apiospermum complex, Exophiala dermatitidis , Paecilomyces and Penicillium species. However, the range of fungal pathogens isolated and the relative prevalence of individual species vary widely between reports from different geographical CF centres, and as yet no standardized method for the mycological examination of CF sputum samples has been adopted. Here, we examine the potential contribution of the mycological methods employed to examine CF respiratory secretions relative to the variability in the fungal biota reported. The role of direct microscopic examination of respiratory samples and the impact of the culture conditions used on the detection of specifi c fungal pathogens are addressed, and the potential signifi cance of isolation of yeast species from CF patient airways is discussed.
Published: 2010
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38. HLA-A*0201-restricted CEA-derived peptide CAP1 is not a suitable target for T-cell-based immunotherapy

Author: Aurélie Drouet, Jean Baptiste Latouche, Thierry Frebourg, Emilie Fauquembergue, Jérôme Leprince, Mireille Desille, Florian Cabillic, Véronique Catros, Hubert Vaudry, Olivier Toutirais, Licia Rivoltini, Cécile Thomas de La Pintière, Stéphanie Baert-Desurmont, Richard Sesboüé, David Tougeron, Matthieu Le Gallo, Manuela Iero, Biothérapies Innovantes, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Microenvironnement et remodelage, Foie, métabolismes et cancer, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Biothérapies Innovantes, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Service de Cytogénétique et de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS Foundation, Génétique médicale et fonctionnelle du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Fédératif de Recherches Multidisciplinaires sur les Peptides (IFRMP 23), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Henri Becquerel Normandie Rouen (CLCC Henri Becquerel)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Foie, métabolismes et cancer, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Biothérapies Innovantes, Université de Rennes - Faculté de Médecine (UR Médecine), Université de Rennes (UR), Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Foie, métabolismes et cancer, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Henri Becquerel Normandie Rouen (CLCC Henri Becquerel)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Université de Rennes - Faculté de Médecine (UR Médecine), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Foie, métabolismes et cancer
Subjects: MESH: Carcinoma, Cancer Research, MESH: 3T3 Cells, medicine.medical_treatment, artificial antigen presenting cells, MESH: HT29 Cells, Lymphocyte Activation, Immunotherapy, Adoptive, Epitope, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Carcinoembryonic antigen, Transduction, Genetic, MESH: HLA-A2 Antigen, Immunology and Allergy, Cytotoxic T cell, MESH: Animals, Cloning, Molecular, Antigen Presentation, 0303 health sciences, biology, 3T3 Cells, MESH: Transduction, Genetic, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, MESH: Immunotherapy, Adoptive, MESH: Oligopeptides, HT29 Cells, Oligopeptides, MESH: Carcinoembryonic Antigen, T cell, retroviral transduction, Immunology, Antigen presentation, T-cell-based immunotherapy, 03 medical and health sciences, Artificial antigen presenting cells, HLA-A2 Antigen, medicine, Animals, Humans, MESH: Cloning, Molecular, Antigen-presenting cell, MESH: Lymphocyte Activation, MESH: Mice, MESH: HLA-A Antigens, 030304 developmental biology, Pharmacology, MESH: Humans, HLA-A Antigens, carcinoembryonic antigen, cytotoxic T cells, Carcinoma, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, Immunotherapy, CAP1 peptide, MESH: Antigen Presentation, biology.protein, MESH: T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Abstract: International audience; Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a potential target for antigen-specific immunotherapy, as it is frequently overexpressed in human carcinomas. Moreover, an epitope derived from CEA, designated CAP1 (YLSGANLNL), has been proposed as naturally processed and presented by tumors in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 context. Our aim was to fully characterize and assess the clinical relevance of the HLA-A*0201-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA. Stable and potent artificial antigen presenting cells (AAPCs) were used to evaluate T-cell response against CEA. These cells efficiently activate CTLs against tumor-derived epitopes after transduction with the antigenic peptides or full-length proteins. We found that AAPCs genetically modified to express CAP1, the agonist peptide CAP1-6D, or the whole CEA protein were not able to activate CAP1-specific CTLs from HLA-A*0201+ healthy donors or patients with colorectal carcinoma, even after multiple stimulations. In addition, we showed that a CAP1-specific T-cell clone, obtained after multiple stimulations of T cells of a HLA-A*0201+ healthy donor in vitro with autologous antigen presenting cells, recognized CEA(-) HLA-A*0201+ tumors transduced with a minigene encoding CAP1 but failed to react against HLA-A*0201+ tumor cells expressing CEA. Finally, AAPCs expressing the whole CEA protein did not induce any specific CTL response against CEA+ HLA-A*0201+ tumor cells highlighting the potential difficulty of mounting an efficacious T-cell response against this autoantigen. Altogether, our data indicate that CAP1 is not efficiently processed and presented by CEA+ tumor cells, and therefore, is not an appropriate target for T-cell-based immunotherapy.
Published: 2010
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39. Gender influence on defecographic abnormalities in patients with posterior pelvic floor disorders

Author: Céline Savoye-Collet, Jean-Nicolas Dacher, Edith Koning, Guillaume Savoye, Anne-Marie Leroi, Service d'imagerie médicale [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Traitement de l'Information et des Systèmes (LITIS), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service de physiologie digestive, urinaire, respiratoire et de l'exercice [CHU Rouen], Breton, Céline, Equipe Quantification en Imagerie Fonctionnelle (QuantIF-LITIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], and CHU Rouen
Subjects: Male, MESH: Defecography, Hernia, Constipation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Japan, Intussusception (medical disorder), Prevalence, Fecal incontinence, MESH: Intussusception, MESH: Japan, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, Pelvic floor, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Fecal Incontinence, medicine.diagnostic_test, Rectocele, Gastroenterology, General Medicine, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Barium meal, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.anatomical_structure, MESH: Young Adult, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, MESH: Pelvic Floor, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, medicine.symptom, MESH: Constipation, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Brief Article, MESH: Pelvic Pain, MESH: Rectocele, Pelvic Pain, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, MESH: Sex Factors, medicine, Humans, Defecography, MESH: Prevalence, Aged, Gynecology, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Pelvic pain, MESH: Adult, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, Pelvic Floor, medicine.disease, MESH: Hernia, [SDV.MHEP.HEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, MESH: Male, business, Intussusception, MESH: Female, Fecal Incontinence
Abstract: International audience; AIM: To compare defecographic abnormalities in symptomatic men and women and to analyze differences between men and age- and symptom-matched women. METHODS: Sixty-six men (mean age: 55.4 years, range: 20-81 years) who complained of constipation and/or fecal incontinence and/or pelvic pain underwent defecography after intake of a barium meal. Radiographs were analyzed for the diagnosis of rectocele, enterocele, intussusception and perineal descent. They were compared with age- and symptom-matched women (n = 198) who underwent defecography during the same period. RESULTS: Normal defecography was observed in 22.7% of men vs 5.5% of women (P < 0.001). Defecography in men compared with women showed 4.5% vs 44.4% (P < 0.001) rectocele, and 10.6% vs 29.8% (P < 0.001) enterocele, respectively. No difference was observed for the diagnosis of intussusception (57.6% vs 44.9%). Perineal descent at rest was more frequent in women (P < 0.005). CONCLUSION: For the same complaint, diagnosis of defecographic abnormalities was different in men than in women: rectocele, enterocele and perineal descent at rest were observed less frequently in men than in women.
Published: 2010

40. Cryptosporidium parvum Isolate-Dependent Postinfectious Jejunal Hypersensitivity and Mast Cell Accumulation in an Immunocompetent Rat Model▿

Author: Simon Parey, Philippe Ducrotté, Gilles Gargala, A. Francois, Jean-Jacques Ballet, Loïc Favennec, Laetitia Le Goff, Samira Khaldi, Jean Fioramonti, Jean-Paul Dupont, Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Histopathology Laboratory, Rouen University Hospital, Neurogastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Immunology Department, Caen University Hospital, Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Gastroentérologie et de Nutrition [Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: Pain Threshold, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Immunology, Cryptosporidiosis, Inflammation, Biology, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Intestinal mucosa, Immunity, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Mast Cells, Intestinal Mucosa, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, Cryptosporidium parvum, 0303 health sciences, Host Response and Inflammation, Cryptosporidium, Mast cell, biology.organism_classification, Immunohistochemistry, Small intestine, 3. Good health, Rats, Disease Models, Animal, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Jejunum, Intraepithelial lymphocyte, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Parasitology, medicine.symptom
Abstract: Cryptosporidiumspp. are a cause of self-limited diarrhea in immunocompetent hosts. In immunocompetent rats,Cryptosporidium parvuminfection induced digestive hypersensitivity, a key pathophysiological factor in functional digestive disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). In such a rat model, we sought to document whether jejunal hypersensitivity depends onC. parvumisolate and is associated with a mast cell accumulation. Five-day-old rats were orally administered 105oocysts of either Nouzilly (NoI) or Iowa (IoI)C. parvumisolate. NoI-infected rats exhibited the lowest food intake on days 7 and 14 postinfection (p.i.). On day 7 p.i., small intestine villus atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and inflammatory cell infiltration were prominent in NoI-infected rats, with higher numbers ofCryptosporidiumforms than in IoI-infected rats. Compared to uninfected control rats, jejunal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) were increased only in NoI-infected rats on day 14 p.i. On day 50 p.i., jejunal hypersensitivity to distension was found only in NoI-infected rats; this hypersensitivity is associated with activated mast cell accumulation. The number of mast cells in the jejunal lamina propria was increased from day 36 p.i. in NoI-infected rats and only at day 120 p.i. in IoI-infected rats. Our data suggest that both the severity of infection (weight loss, reduced food intake, villus atrophy, and IEL accumulation) and the onset of a jejunal hypersensitivity after infection in association with an activated mast cell accumulation are isolate dependent and related to NoI infection. This cryptosporidiosis rat model is a relevant model for the study of underlying mechanisms of postinfectious IBS-like symptoms.
Published: 2009
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41. Predicting factors of fistula healing and clinical remission after infliximab-based combined therapy for perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease

Author: Guillaume Savoye, Eric Lerebours, Edith Koning, David Tougeron, Céline Savoye-Collet, Francis Michot, Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service d'imagerie médicale [CHU Rouen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Service de chirurgie digestive [CHU Rouen], CHU Rouen, Breton, Céline, Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen
Subjects: Male, MESH: Remission Induction, Physiology, Fistula, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MESH: Antibodies, Monoclonal, 0302 clinical medicine, Crohn Disease, Ciprofloxacin, Azathioprine, MESH: Metronidazole, Crohn's disease, MESH: Middle Aged, Remission Induction, Gastroenterology, Antibodies, Monoclonal, MESH: Follow-Up Studies, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MESH: Predictive Value of Tests, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, medicine.anatomical_structure, MESH: Methotrexate, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Drainage, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, MESH: Immunosuppressive Agents, Immunosuppressive Agents, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Combination therapy, Rectum, MESH: Drainage, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Intestinal Fistula, Pharmacotherapy, Predictive Value of Tests, Metronidazole, MESH: Anti-Bacterial Agents, medicine, Intestinal Fistula, Humans, MESH: Ciprofloxacin, Proctitis, MESH: Azathioprine, Retrospective Studies, MESH: Humans, MESH: Crohn Disease, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, MESH: Adult, MESH: Retrospective Studies, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, medicine.disease, Infliximab, [SDV.MHEP.HEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, MESH: Male, Surgery, MESH: Drug Therapy, Combination, Methotrexate, MESH: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, business, MESH: Female, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: International audience; Perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease (PFCD) treatment is based on fistula drainage, antibiotics, immunosuppressant (IS) drugs, and infliximab. Our aim was to study the effectiveness of combination therapy on PFCD and to search for clinical or imaging features associated with the initial complete clinical response and its stability overtime. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients with PFCD treated in our tertiary center between 2000 and 2005 by infliximab in combination with seton placement and/or IS and evaluated by MRI before treatment were included in the study. Basal clinical and MRI characteristics were recorded. Response to treatment was evaluated after the infliximab induction regiment and at the end of the follow-up. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients were included and followed-up for an average 4.9 years. A complex fistula was present in 69% (18/26 patients) of cases and eight (8/26 patients) had an ano-vaginal fistula. After infliximab induction therapy, 13 patients (50%) achieved a complete clinical response. The initial clinical response was significantly associated with the absence of both, active intestinal disease (54% vs. 8%, P = 0.03) and active proctitis (77% vs. 23%, P = 0.01). No initial MRI characteristics were linked to the initial response. In multivariate analysis, only the presence of active proctitis was associated with the lack of response (P = 0.047). At the end of the follow-up, 42% of the patients remained in clinical remission. No clinical characteristics were associated to sustained response when among long-standing responders two exhibited a normal post-treatment MRI. CONCLUSION: An initial complete response of PFCD was observed in half of the patients after combined therapy including infliximab that decreased to 42% later on. Complete healing of fistulas on MRI was possible but unusual. The initial response seemed related to the absence of active intestinal disease, especially in the rectum, when the long-term response could not be predicted by the basal characteristics of patients.
Published: 2009
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42. Elaboration of a toxicological reference value (TRV) for the reprotoxic effects of nonylphenol

Author: Nathalie Bonvallot, Dominique Parent-Massin, Luc P. Belzunces, Aurélie Mathieu, Christophe Rousselle, Claire Beausoleil, Michel Guerbet, Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Environnement et du Travail, École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Abeilles et Environnement (AE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité (INRS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Université de Bretagne Occidentale, French Ahency for Environmental and Occupational Health Safety, Partenaires INRAE, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Groupe d'Etude de la Reproduction Chez l'Homme et les Mammiferes (GERHM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, Chemistry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], General Medicine, Toxicology, Pulp and paper industry, 3. Good health, Nonylphenol, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Value (mathematics), Elaboration, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2009
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43. Exploration des troubles de la statique pelvienne

Author: Anne-Marie Leroi, Edith Koning, Jean-Nicolas Dacher, Céline Savoye-Collet, Service d'imagerie médicale [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service de physiologie digestive, urinaire, respiratoire et de l'exercice [CHU Rouen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, CHU Rouen, and Normandie Université (NU)-Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]
Subjects: 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging
Abstract: Objectifs Connaitre les differentes entites regroupees sous le terme de troubles de la statique pelvienne. Connaitre les differentes techniques d’exploration possible en imagerie. Savoir realiser et interpreter ces examens d’imagerie. Messages a retenir Les troubles de la statique pelvienne sont lies a un desordre global du plancher pelvien concernant les filieres uro-genitales et/ou digestives. L’atteinte pelvi-rectale est recherchee devant une dyschesie, une incontinence anale ou un tableau algique ano-perineal. L’IRM dynamique (defeco-IRM) vient se substituer progressivement a la defecographie conventionnelle. Elle permet une analyse globale et transversale pelvi-perineologique. Resume L’IRM permet aujourd’hui l’exploration non invasive des troubles de la statique pelvienne. Un balisage rectal et vaginal est fait sur table. Elle est realisee avec des sequences dynamiques sagittales en position neutre, en retenue et en poussee avec une analyse de l’evacuation rectale. La filiere genitale et urologique est exploree pouvant ainsi reveler differents types de prolapsus. Le compartiment posterieur est bien etudie et differentes anomalies peuvent etre mises en evidence parmi lesquelles la descente perineale, la rectocele, l’ente-rocele ou le prolapsus rectal.
Published: 2009

44. Multidetector CT in patients with esophageal stent as a palliative treatment for stenosing esophageal cancer: a feasibility study

Author: Céline Savoye-Collet, Frédéric Di Fiore, Guillaume Savoye, Jean-Nicolas Dacher, Véronique Maneglia, Phillippe Ducrotté, Emmanuel Ben Soussan, Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service d'imagerie médicale [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Breton, Céline, Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], CHU Rouen, and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen
Subjects: Male, Esophageal Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, Chest pain, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Esophageal stent, Intussusception (medical disorder), Tomography, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, MESH: Middle Aged, Palliative Care, MESH: Tomography, Gastroenterology, Esophageal cancer, Middle Aged, Dysphagia, MESH: Esophagoscopy, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, MESH: Esophageal Neoplasms, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, Stents, MESH: Palliative Care, Radiology, Esophagoscopy, medicine.symptom, medicine.medical_specialty, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, medicine, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, cardiovascular diseases, Esophagus, Aged, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Esophageal disease, Stent, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Radiography, MESH: Stents, Feasibility Studies, business, MESH: Feasibility Studies, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; OBJECTIVE: The self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) is widely used in the palliative treatment of stenosing esophageal cancer. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) allows volumetric investigation including virtual endoscopy. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of MDCT follow-up of esophageal SEMS and to describe the imaging patterns encountered as well as correlating them with fibroscopic evaluation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirteen consecutive patients (10 M, mean age 64 years) with esophageal SEMS as a palliative treatment underwent MDCT for recurrent dysphagia (n =7), chest pain and fever (n = 1) or follow-up without symptoms (n = 5). Patency and esophageal wall patterns were studied and compared with diagnosis by fibroscopy. RESULTS: No metallic artefact related to the SEMS was observed. At the SEMS level, MDCT revealed a tissular lump (n = 1), a thin recurrent layer of tissue (n = 1), extrinsic compression (n = 1), fluid stasis (n =7) and intussusception of the gastric wall into the SEMS (n =4). The esophageal wall was analyzed by MDCT (peripheral thickening around the stent (n = 8), tumor overgrowth under or above the SEMS level (n = 8)) and showed tracheal compression (n = 3). At the level of the SEMS, fibroscopy showed tumor recurrence (n = 2), a thin recurrent layer of tissue (n = 1), a distorted SEMS (n = 1) and a tumor overgrowth under or above the SEMS level (n = 6). In comparison with fibroscopy, MDCT satisfactorily diagnosed the SEMS patency in 92% of cases and the esophageal wall in 73%. CONCLUSIONS: Morphology, patency of the SEMS and analysis of the esophageal wall can be performed by MDCT with a good degree of accuracy as compared to fibroscopy. In such patients in palliative care, a non-invasive investigation is worth promoting as a first-line procedure.
Published: 2007
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45. An alkaloid, two conjugate sesquiterpenes and a phenylpropanoid from Pachypodanthium confine Engl. and Diels

Author: Hilarion Mathouet, Adam Daïch, Philippe Vérité, Abdelhakim Elomri, Pedro Lameiras, Chimie Organique et Bioorganique : Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), and Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN )
Subjects: Stereochemistry, Annonaceae, Plant Science, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, Horticulture, 010402 general chemistry, Sesquiterpene, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Alkaloids, Benzene Derivatives, Aporphine, Molecular Biology, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular, Dichloromethane, biology, Phenylpropanoid, Molecular Structure, 010405 organic chemistry, Plant Extracts, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Alkaloid, General Medicine, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, biology.organism_classification, 0104 chemical sciences, 3. Good health, chemistry, Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Sesquiterpenes, Conjugate
Abstract: International audience; Two sesquiterpene-trimethoxystyrene conjugates (E)-1-[3′-(4″,8″-dimethylnona-3″,7″-dienyl)cyclohex-3′-enyl]-2,4,5-trimethoxybenzene (1) and (Z)-1-[3′-(4″,8″-dimethylnona-3″,7″-dienyl)cyclohex-3′-enyl]-2,4,5-trimethoxybenzene (2), a phenylpropanoid 1,2,4-trimethoxy-5-(1-methoxy-ethyl)-benzene (3), and an aporphine alkaloid N-acetylpachypodanthine (4), were isolated in addition to several known compounds from cyclohexane, dichloromethane and alkaloid extracts from bark of Pachypodanthium confine. The structures of these compounds were established based on the interpretation of their high resolution NMR (HSQC, HMBC, COSY and NOESY) spectral data.
Published: 2007
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46. Nimesulide/cyclodextrin/PEG 6000 ternary complexes: physico-chemical characterization, dissolution studies and bioavailability in rats

Author: Philippe Arnaud, Malika Lahiani-Skiba, Soizic Jezequel, Cécile Barbot, Mohamed Skiba, Julie Dutet, Frédéric Bounoure, Ludovic Didier, Nutrition, inflammation et dysfonctionnement de l'axe intestin-cerveau (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: Bioavailability, Solid dispersion, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, 01 natural sciences, Hydrophilization, PEG 6000, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, PEG ratio, medicine, Cyclodextrin, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Dissolution, Nimesulide, chemistry.chemical_classification, Chromatography, Chemistry, 010401 analytical chemistry, General Chemistry, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Ternary operation, Dispersion (chemistry), Food Science, Nuclear chemistry, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; Purpose :Ternary solid dispersions were prepared in order to estimate the effect of a double hydrophilization by cyclodextrins and PEG 6000 on nimesulide apparent characteristics. Ternary solid dispersions of nimesulide, cyclodextrins and PEG 6000 were characterized using DSC, FT-IR, dissolution studies and evaluating the bioavailability in rats.Methods :Ternary solid dispersions were prepared either using native powders or using a preformed inclusion complex of nimesulide and cyclodextrin. Inclusion complexes and pure drug were used as references. Circulating nimesulide was measured out in rat plasma after orally administration of our different products (ternary solid dispersions, inclusion complexes and pure drug).Results :An improvement of the nimesulide dissolution rate was obtained with inclusion complexes and ternary solid dispersion. In rat plasma, inclusion complexes and ternary solid dispersion improved T max.Conclusions :A second hydrophilization of inclusion complexes by PEG 6000 does not allow to achieve better results concerning nimesulide concentration in rat plasma or in dissolution studies than with inclusion complexes alone.
Published: 2007
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47. Etude des facteurs de réponses radiologiques et cliniques aux traitements au cours de la maladie de Crohn périnéale sévère traitée par infliximab

Author: Tougeron, David, Savoye, Guillaume, Savoye-Collet, Céline, Koning, Edith, Guedon, Claire, Michot, Francis, Lerebours, Eric, Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service d'imagerie médicale [CHU Rouen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Traitement de l'Information et des Systèmes (LITIS), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Service de chirurgie digestive [CHU Rouen], CHU Rouen, and Breton, Céline
Published: 2007

48. Assessment of faecal contamination and the relationship between pathogens and faecal bacterial indicators in an estuarine environment (Seine, France)

Author: Thierry Berthe, Gilles Gargala, Matthieu Fournier, Aurélie Touron, Fabienne Petit, Mehdy Ratajczak, Pierre Servais, Laboratoire de Microbiologie du Froid – Signaux et Micro-Environnement (LMDF-SME), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie des Systèmes Aquatiques, and Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
Subjects: Seine estuary, Cryptosporidium, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Biology, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Feces, 03 medical and health sciences, Rivers, Cryptosporidium sp, Salmonella, Tributary, parasitic diseases, Animals, Water Pollutants, 14. Life underwater, Turbidity, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Water pollution, Faecal-indicator bacteria, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Indicator organism, Giardia sp, Microbiological risk assessment, 0303 health sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Bacteria, 030306 microbiology, Ecology, Giardia, Estuary, Contamination, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, France, Water quality, Water Microbiology, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: The Seine estuary, one of the largest estuaries of the European northwest continental shelf, is subjected to numerous anthropogenic influences. Here we present an assessment of the microbial faecal contamination of the estuary water. The most vulnerable areas were defined on the basis of the fluxes of indicator organisms and the occurrence of Salmonella and Cryptosporidium sp. and Giardia sp. (oo)cysts. The microbial quality of the water changes from upstream to downstream: in the upstream area, contamination by faecal-indicator bacteria and Salmonella occurs during periods of high flow; in the urbanized area, mid-way between the uppermost areas of the estuary and its mouth, discharge from a wastewater treatment plant and a tributary degrade water quality; at the estuary mouth, the accumulation of microorganisms attached to particles in the maximum turbidity zone, particularly Clostridium perfringens spores and oocysts of Cryptosporidium, is accompanied by inputs of ThC and Escherichia coli from tributaries. In some areas, significant strong relations are observed between Salmonella, (oo)cysts of protozoan, and levels of faecal indicators.
Published: 2007
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49. Apport diagnostique de la défecto-IRM dans les troubles fonctionnels du périnée postérieur

Author: Savoye-Collet, Céline, Koning, Edith, Leroi, Anne-Marie, Dacher, Jean-Nicolas, Service d'imagerie médicale [CHU Rouen], Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service de physiologie digestive, urinaire, respiratoire et de l'exercice [CHU Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]
Published: 2007

50. Solubility and Dissolution Rate of Progesterone-Cyclodextrin-Polymer Systems

Author: Mohamed Skiba, Malika Lahiani-Skiba, Cécile Barbot, Samer Joudieh, Frédéric Bounoure, Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: Chemistry, Pharmaceutical, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pharmaceutical Science, 02 engineering and technology, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, Inclusion compound, Polyethylene Glycols, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Phase (matter), Drug Discovery, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Solubility, Ternary complex, Dissolution, Progesterone, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Pharmacology, chemistry.chemical_classification, Cyclodextrins, Chromatography, Cyclodextrin, Calorimetry, Differential Scanning, Precipitation (chemistry), Organic Chemistry, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Bioavailability, chemistry, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: This contribution focused on the solubility improvement of the poorly water-soluble steroid hormone progesterone which, in its natural state, presents a reduced oral bioavailability. In the first part of this study, two simple, reproducible methods that were candidates for use in the preparation of inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins were investigated. Solubility capacities of the progesterone complex with hydroxypropyl-beta-CD (HPbeta-CD), hydoxypropyl-gamma-CD (HPgamma-CD), permethyl-beta-CD (PMbeta-CD), and sulfobutylether-beta-CD (SBEbeta-CD), prepared by the freeze-drying and precipitation methods, were evaluated by Higuchi phase solubility studies. The results showed that HPbeta-CD and PMbeta-CD were the most efficient among the four cyclodextrins for the solubilization of progesterone, with the highest apparent stability constants. Therefore, dissolution studies were conducted on these latest progesterone/cyclodextrin complexes and physical mixtures. Two additional natural cyclodextrins, beta-CD and gamma-CD, were taken as references. Hence, the influence of more highly soluble derivatives of beta-CD (HPbeta-CD, PMbeta-CD) on the progesterone dissolution rate, in comparison to pristine beta-CD, alongside an increase in the cavity width for gamma-CD versus beta-CD, were investigated. The dissolution kinetics of progesterone dissolved from HPbeta-CD, PMbeta-CD, and gamma-CD revealed higher constant rates in comparison to beta-CD. Therefore, the aim of the second part of this study was to investigate the possibility of improving the dissolution rate of progesterone/beta-CD binary systems upon formation of ternary complexes with the hydrophilic polymer, PEG 6000, as beta-CD had the smallest progesterone solubility and dissolution capacity among the four cyclodextrins studied (beta-CD, HPbeta-CD, HPgamma-CD and PMbeta-CD). The results indicated that dissolution constant rates were considerably enhanced for the 5% and 10% progesterone/beta-CD complexes in PEG 6000. The interaction of progesterone with the cyclodextrins of interest on the form of the binary physical mixtures, complexes, or ternary complexes were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transformed-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results proved that progesterone was diffused into the cyclodextrin cavity, replacing the water molecules and, in case of ternary systems, that the progesterone beta-cyclodextrin was well dispersed into PEG, thus improving progesterone bioavailability for subsequent oral delivery in the same way as derivatized cyclodextrins. The present work proves that ternary complexes are promising systems for drug encapsulation.
Published: 2006
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