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Vachira Posai,1 Wanich Suksatan,2 Bovornpot Choompunuch,3 Apinya Koontalay,4 Jatuporn Ounprasertsuk,5 Jonaid M Sadang6 1Nursing Department, Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand; 2Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; 3Faculty of Education, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand; 4Independent Researcher, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; 5College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Samut Songkram Province, Thailand; 6College of Health Sciences, Mindanao State University- Marawi, Marawi, PhilippinesCorrespondence: Wanich SuksatanFaculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, ThailandTel +66 8-27550027Email wanich.suk@pccms.ac.thJatuporn OunprasertsukCollege of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Samut Songkram, ThailandTel +66 9-51942449Email jatuporn.ou@ssru.ac.thBackground: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the health-related behaviors of patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Thus, the factors predicting the health-promoting behaviors (HPBs) of hospitalized patients with NCDs during the second wave of COVID-19 should be examined.Objective: The aims of this study were to determine the relationships among the patients’ characteristics, perceived self-efficacy, social support, perception of the benefits of and barriers, and HPBs, and to determine the predictive factors of HPBs among hospitalized patients with NCDs during the second wave of COVID-19.Patients and Methods: The study had a cross-sectional predictive correlational design and included 250 patients with NCDs 18 years of age or older hospitalized in a tertiary hospital in Thailand. Descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, the Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple linear regression were used for data analysis.Results: Most of the participants had a cardiovascular disease (34.0%). Followed by diabetes (28.8%), cancer (11.2%), hypertension (10.0%), heart disease (9.6%), or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (6.4%) and had a moderate level of overall HPBs (M = 106.09; SD = 4.66). Among the six components of the HPBs, the participants achieved the moderate levels in nutrition, interpersonal relations, spiritual growth, and stress management, and low levels in physical-activity and health responsibility. The patients’ perception of the benefits and barriers to the adoption of HPBs and perceived self-efficacy and social support were able to predict their HPBs, accounting for approximately 38.0% of the variance of such behaviors.Conclusion: On the basis of our study’s results, we suggest that researchers, multidisciplinary teams, the government, and policymakers establish effective interventions, guidelines, and policies for the development of HPBs to prevent and control the spread of COVID-19 particularly among patients with NCDs, and to improve their capacity for high-quality and continuing self-care.Keywords: predictive factors, health-promoting behaviors, non-communicable diseases, NCDs, hospitalized patients, COVID-19

Purpose This paper aims to identify and examine burden(s) among stroke survivors’ familial caregivers for the purposes of future mitigation of such burdens. The purpose is so because these caregivers become the persons responsible for monitoring the daily living activities of their patients and are thus tasked with providing and managing a whole host of recovery, therapy and re-integrative activities to rebalance and re-establish the physical, mental and social well-being of patients. Design/methodology/approach This literature review summarized and synthesized existing literature about the burden(s) caregivers experience and the effects upon them across four primary spheres of influence. Findings Familial caregivers of stroke survivors suffer from high levels of “care burden” because they are the primary participant in the planning and provisioning of care to the patients. Care burden is examined across four primary spheres of influence: physical, psychological, social and economic impacts. The current review shows that familial caregivers experience substantive impacts across all four spheres. Originality/value A professional multidisciplinary team should support caregivers of stroke survivors. To do this, support should be considered among the patient’s overall family system, as well as expanded to address and consider the specifically designated caregivers’ social circles which at a minimum often consists of co-workers, friends and inter-familial relationships. Ideally, caregiver support would also consist of medical and professional case workers that can address further, and in an integrative delivery approach, all four of the highlighted spheres of influence to establish a “best practices” orientation to familial caregivers.

Wanich Suksatan,1,2 Bovornpot Choompunuch,3 Apinya Koontalay,4 Vachira Posai,5 Ali H Abusafia6 1Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Trudy Busch-Valentine School of Nursing, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA; 3Faculty of Education, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand; 4Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 5Nursing Department, Sunpasithiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand; 6Nursing Program, USM Health Campus, Kelantan, MalaysiaCorrespondence: Bovornpot ChoompunuchFaculty of Education, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, ThailandTel +66 915575640Email bovornpot.c@msu.ac.thBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the health behaviors of university students. Thus, factors influencing students’ health behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak should be examined.Purpose: To our knowledge, little is known about stress, adversity quotient, and health behaviors of university students in Thailand. Therefore, the aims of this study were to determine the relationships among socioeconomic factors, stress, and adversity quotient influencing university students’ health behavior during the COVID-19 crisis.Patients and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional predictive study; it was included 416 undergraduate students ≥ 18 years of age at a university in Thailand. We used descriptive statistics, chi-squared test, and stepwise multiple linear regression for data analysis.Results: The results indicated that most participants were women (71.90%), and the highest proportion of students were enrolled in College of Politics and Governance (25.24%). Most of the students had a high stress level (M = 3.54, SD = 0.53), high adversity quotient (M = 3.77, SD = 0.63), and good health behavior (M = 3.06, SD = 0.53). Adversity quotient, stress, and current faculty/college were significant predictors of health behaviors of undergrad students (total variance: 37.2%).Conclusion: Total adversity quotient was the strongest predictor of health behavior, followed by stress and current faculty/colleges. On the basis of our results, we suggested that faculty members, caretakers, and interdisciplinary care teams should consider adversity quotient and stress in developing activities to encourage and promote students’ physical and mental health behaviors, particularly during the COVID-19.Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, Thai students, stress, adversity quotient, health behaviors

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has become a significant public health problem leading to a top ten morality. Directly Observed Therapy, Short-course (DOTS) is recommended as a critical element for curing and preventing TB. However, patients who have been living with TB often receive barriers and challenges, which may lead them to discontinue the DOTS treatment. Objective: This study aimed to understand patients’ experiences living with TB and receiving DOTS regimens. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was employed. Semi-structured interviews were done among twenty tuberculosis patients selected using convenience sampling from the slum community in Bangkok, Thailand. The thematic approach was used for data analysis. Results: Two main themes were developed: (1) troublesome disease and (2) emotional challenges. The first theme comprises three subthemes: confronting death, accepting lifestyle change, and DOTS challenges. The second theme consists of two subthemes: isolation from others and stigma. Conclusion: The findings could guide nurses and other healthcare professionals to develop the treatment guideline and the DOTS strategy using a holistic approach.

Posai V, Suksatan W, Choompunuch B, Koontalay A, Ounprasertsuk J, Sadang JM. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2021;14:2185– 2194. The authors have advised that the Funding statement on page 2193 is incorrect. The correct funding statement is: Funding The current study was supported by the Nurse Alumni Association of the Ministry of Public Health. The authors apologize for this error. Read the original article

Apinya Koontalay,1 Wanich Suksatan,2 Jonaid M Sadang,3 Kantapong Prabsangob4 1Independent Researcher, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; 2Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; 3College of Health Sciences, Mindanao State University, Marawi, Philippines; 4College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkram, ThailandCorrespondence: Wanich SuksatanFaculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, ThailandTel +66827550027Email wanich.suk@pccms.ac.thKantapong PrabsangobCollege of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkram, ThailandTel +66840412068Email kantapong.pr@ssru.ac.thObjective: This study aims to identify the impact of nutritional factors on mechanical ventilation duration for critical patients.Patients and Methods: The current study was a single-center, prospective observational design which enrolled one-hundred critically ill patients who were admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). It demonstrates purposive sampling and also performs the descriptive nutritional factors influencing the mechanical ventilation duration. Daily calories target requirement scale (DCRS), subjective global assessment form (SGA), dyspnea assessment form, and APACHE II have been used as methods in the study along with time to initial enteral nutrition (EN) after 24-hour admission and daily calories target requirement over 7 days to assess patients. Data is analyzed using the multiple regressions.Results: As a result, nutritional status monitoring, time to initial EN, calories and target requirements are statistically positive significance associated with the mechanical ventilation duration respectively (R = 0.54, R = 0.30, R= 0.40, p < 0.05). However, age, illness severity, and dyspnea scales are not associated with the mechanical ventilation duration (p> 0.05). Therefore, the nutritional status, malnutrition scores and calorie target requirements can be used to significantly predict the mechanical ventilation duration. The predictive power is 58 and 28.0% of variance. The most proper influencer to predict the mechanical ventilation duration is nutritional status or malnutrition scores.Conclusion: The research findings show that the nutritional status, time to initial EN, and calorie target requirement within 7 days of admission are associated with the mechanical ventilation duration in the critical patients. Therefore, it can be used to develop guidelines reducing the mechanical ventilation duration and to promote the ventilator halting for critical patients.Keywords: critical care, enteral feeding, mechanical ventilation, nutritional status

Background: Malnutrition is associated with a complication problem affecting critically ill patients throughout the trajectory of their illness and which may increase the duration of hospitalization and mechanical ventilation and mortality. To explore nutritional factors impact on the duration of mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients. Methods: In this single-center, prospective observational study in a critical care unit. The sample of the study consisting of a total of 100 critically ill patients who were included in the regression analyzed by purposive sampling, performed to address the research objectives. The data were collected for each patient who participated in the study for 2 consecutive days with SGA, Dyspnea assessment form, APACHE II, and time to initial EN on the 24 hours of hospital admitted and the daily calories target requirement on the seven days. Results: At the end of monitoring, the nutrition status, time to initial EN, and calories, target requirements were moderate positive statistically significant related to the duration of mechanical ventilation (R = 0.54, R = 0.30, R= 0.40, p < 0.05). However, age, the severity of illness, and dyspnea scales were not related to the duration of mechanical ventilation (p> 0.05). Therefore, nutrition status and calory target requirements could be a predictor of the duration of mechanical ventilation. The predictive power was 28.0 percent of variance (R2 = 0.28, p< 0.01). Conclusion: The finding supports which assessment of the nutritional status and calory target requirement within 7 days revealed with reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients.

Background of the Study: Hypertension and self-care behavior in older persons with hypertension arechronic health problems and this continues to increase in the Thai population.Objectives of the Study: To identify factors influencing self-care behavior among older persons withhypertension in relation to personal factors and risk factors pertaining to illness and treatment.Method: This was a prospective observational study design. The samples were to be 60 years of age,diagnosed with hypertension more than six months, and receiving the treatment at aTambol Health PromotionHospital. The 127 patients were enrolled in the study. Data were collected during March – September 2020.Finally, data were analyzed using binary logistic regression analysis method.Result: There were 127 patient included in the present study, it was found that the samples who arefarmers had dietary behavior score 6.74 times higher than other occupations (AOR = 6.74, 95% CI:1.47-30.97, p=0.01). The female subjects with waist circumference over 80 cm had a adherence score of stressmanagement 5.69 times higher than those with waist circumference less than 80 cm (AOR = 5.69, 95%CI:1.19-27.17, p=0.020) and the older persons with a good level of knowledge of hypertension had properself-care behavior better than those with a lower level of the knowledge with statistical significance at 0.05.In addition, factors not associated with self-care behavior included age, gender, body mass and duration ofhypertension.Conclusion: Personal factors and factors related to illness that influence of self-care behavior includedfarmers, waist circumference and knowledge of hypertension.

This study is a quasi-intervention investigation to examine the result of the participatory learning programof pre-retirement on personal satisfaction with older adults’. The participants were 120 older adults livingin cities and rural areas selected by purposive sampling technique. The sample group is divided into 2groups: urban and rural groups, intervention and control group of thirty each group. The intervention wasconducted for 12th weeks to improve readiness aging and personal satisfaction as measured by demographyquestionnaire, pre-retirement survey form, and personal satisfaction form assessment parameter. Dataon pre-retirement and personal satisfaction were collected before and after a 12th-week participatorylearning program of pre-retirement. Participants in the control group received the convention care. Therewere significant differences between the two groups on autonomous regulation. There was no significantdifference found in the pretest mean value base on pre-retirement in both groups. The posttest mean valuesof the pre-retirement and personal satisfaction were significantly higher than those of the control group.There was a significant difference between groups (p