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For Freud, inhibition, defined as defence, is inseparable from the ego, which acts as a barrier to jouissance. On the other hand, inhibition as a symptom is the effect of repression. In both cases, it protects us from a confrontation with anxiety. Lacan locates this anxiety at the very locus of desire, so he rearticulates inhibition in terms of unconscious desire as a defence and the act as a suspension of movement. As the tragedy of Hamlet shows, inhibition as a blockage to the act is linked to a desire against another desire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estilos da Clínica is the property of FEUSP - Faculdade de Educacao da USP - Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La métapsychologie de la création musicale élaborée à partir de l'approche clinique directe de l'artiste musicien, instrumentiste ou chanteur est rarement explorée au sein de la littérature psychanalytique. Cet article a pour visée d'exposer en quoi l'écoute clinique des musiciens permet de poser quelques spécificités relatives à la création musicale et la nécessité d'élaborer un dispositif d'écoute aménagé. Ce faisant, il s'agit de répondre de façon adaptée aux demandes de soins psychiques adressées au clinicien. Ce sujet convoque l'interdisciplinarité : identité et pratique de l'art musical, théories et pratiques de la clinique analytique. Au regard de cette complexité et amplitude, il ambitionne aussi un propos synthétique et circonscrit. L'article se structure à partir d'une sélection de travaux de Freud et de D. Anzieu dédiés à la création artistique. À partir de notre lecture critique intra-textuelle, des correspondances sont établies avec le sujet. D'autres apports théoriques psychanalytiques et musicologiques s'insèrent dans notre propos en guise de complément. Ce tout s'articule à nos observations cliniques issues d'implications psychothérapeutiques auprès de musiciens professionnels ayant reçu une formation dispensée par les conservatoires. Freud a signifié ses distances et réserves quant à la compréhension de l'art musical et ce positionnement est généralement pensé en termes d'a-musicalité. Cependant, le tissage de ses recherches associées à celles de D. Anzieu, de même que la métapsychologie de la musique et le recueil de nos données cliniques permettent de dégager les particularités de la réalité psychique engagée dans la création musicale. Il est question d'angoisses quasi constantes et névralgiques. Ces dernières se rapportent d'une part aux mécanismes de régression constituant l'une des propriétés psychiques de la musique, laquelle issue du sonore est un prolongement du milieu intra-utérin, et d'autre part, aux mécanismes de dissociation psychique fortement mobilisés en situation scénique. La formation musicale fréquemment investie dans l'enfance, voire la petite enfance, et son contexte socio-affectif refoulés, déniés ou révélés par les musiciens reçus en consultation viennent compléter ce tableau clinique. Ces particularités apportent un éclairage analytique sur la nature de la plainte et des symptômes à l'œuvre chez certains musiciens. Elles instruisent également la rencontre entre le clinicien et le musicien, précisément la dimension transférentielle, quand celle-ci est chargée de résistances. En outre, il apparaît que le traitement de la souffrance psychique s'oriente le plus souvent en première intention vers une psychothérapie de soutien, dans le cadre de dispositifs aménagés, cela sans écarter les possibilités d'une psychothérapie analytique et d'une cure-type. L'un des enjeux thérapeutiques consisterait essentiellement à réguler des angoisses de perte relatives aux mouvements d'aller et retours constants entre les mécanismes de dissociation du moi et les processus de réunification de cette instance. Notre propos se situe dans le registre de la métapsychologie de la création musicale. Il a donc circonscrit notre approche au sujet musicien dans ses liens à cet objet culturel. Cependant, la lecture des demandes de soins psychiques émanant de musiciens professionnels peut être complétée par les travaux existants qui explorent le registre de la souffrance au travail. Les demandes de soins adressées au clinicien provenant de sujets musiciens, révèlent la nécessité de poursuivre un travail de recherche existant sur la métapsychologie de la création musicale. Cette perspective d'approfondissement comporte plusieurs arborescences d'évolution dans le sens d'implications cliniques certes individuelles, mais aussi groupales tant pour des formations instrumentales/vocales que des institutions culturelles. The metapsychology of musical creation elaborated from the direct clinical approach of the musician-artist is rarely explored within the psychoanalytical literature. The aim of this article is to explain how clinical listening to musicians allows us to posit some specificities related to musical creation and to suggest the need to elaborate a particular practice of listening. In doing so, clinicians can respond in an adapted way to the requests for psychic care that are addressed to them. This subject calls for interdisciplinarity: identity and practice of musical art, theories and practices of the analytical clinical practice. In view of this complexity and amplitude, this essay also aims to be synthetic and circumscribed. The article is based on a selection of works by Freud and D. Anzieu dedicated to artistic creation. From our intra-textual critical reading, correspondences are established. Other theoretical contributions are inserted in filigree in our proposal as a complement. All of this is articulated with our clinical observations resulting from psychotherapeutic work with conservatory-trained professional musicians. Freud expressed his distance and reservations concerning the understanding of musical art and this position is generally thought of in terms of a-musicality. However, the weaving of his research associated with that of D. Anzieu, as well as the metapsychology of music and the collection of our clinical data, allow us to identify the particularities of the psychic reality involved in musical creation. It is a question of almost constant and neuralgic anxieties. These last ones relate, on the one hand, to the mechanisms of regression constituting one of the psychic properties of music, which stems from the status of sound as an extension of the intra-uterine environment, and on the other hand, to the mechanisms of psychic dissociation strongly mobilized in performance situations. The musical training frequently committed to in childhood, even early childhood, and the repression, denial, or revelation of its socio-affective context by the musician-patients received in my consultation complete this clinical picture. These particularities shed analytical light on the nature of the complaint and symptoms at work in certain musicians. They also inform the encounter between the clinician and the musician, precisely the transferential dimension, when this is loaded with resistance. Moreover, it appears that the treatment of psychological suffering is most often oriented in the first instance towards supportive psychotherapy, within the framework of adapted devices, without ruling out the possibilities of analytical psychotherapy and a typical cure. One of the therapeutic stakes would consist essentially in regulating the anxieties of loss relating to the movements of constant coming and going between the mechanisms of dissociation of the self and the processes of reunification of this authority. Our proposal is situated in the register of the metapsychology of musical creation. It has therefore circumscribed our approach to the musician-subject in her/his links to this cultural object. However, the reading of the requests for psychotherapy emanating from professional musicians can be completed by existing research that explores the register of the suffering at work. The requests for care addressed to the clinician coming from musician-subjects reveal the need to pursue existing research on the metapsychology of musical creation. Further research could explore the sense of the clinical implications – both on an individual and a group level – for vocal or instrumental ensembles as well as for cultural institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

H.P. Lovecraft (1890–1937) est un écrivain américain dont l'œuvre a renouvelé la littérature fantastique et inauguré un genre nouveau. Son maître premier est Edgar Allan Poe mais il a été également influencé par Lord Dunsany ou Arthur Machen. Auteur de très nombreux romans et nouvelles, mais aussi d'une correspondance riche de plusieurs dizaines de milliers de lettres (on dit jusqu'à 100 000 !), son monde est hanté par la dégénérescence des corps, la dissolution des limites de la réalité, la dangerosité de l'Autre et l'angoisse intense qu'il provoque. Préférant le contact médié par l'écriture à la présence physique réelle, Lovecraft fait état d'une xénophobie généralisée tendant au racisme et fondée sur le dégoût du corps de l'autre. L'objectif de ce travail est de saisir la dynamique psychique de cet écrivain de deux points de vue : celui de la psychopathologie et des différents diagnostics qui ont été émis et celui de sa capacité créative. L'histoire personnelle de H.P. Lovecraft ainsi que son œuvre littéraire, sa correspondance et les témoignages de personnes de son entourage servent de matériel pour décrypter chez lui le processus de création, les signes de sa position subjective ainsi que ceux pouvant relever du registre de la psychopathologie. L'écriture, dès l'enfance, a représenté pour Lovecraft une sauvegarde contre les dangers du monde extérieur, l'écran qui le protégeait du contact avec les autres et donc aussi du réel. Le génie littéraire de Lovecraft est absolument indissociable de son être. Lovecraft est devenu par ses propres moyens un être d'écriture, un scriptêtre plutôt qu'un parlêtre. Les hypothèses sur sa (psycho)pathologie, nombreuses et parfois contradictoires, ne peuvent en aucun cas rendre compte de son talent littéraire. Ce sont plutôt ses rêves qui le guident dans l'écriture de ses nouvelles. Davantage qu'un art, plus qu'une mise en forme de son angoisse, plus encore qu'un dépôt et un vidage de jouissance, l'écriture pour Lovecraft dresse l'écran imaginaire sur lequel le réel insupportable est signifié et saisi en tant que réalité. L'écriture est pour lui un exercice addictif, continu, protecteur et nécessaire : il ne cesse pas d'écrire. Par son extraordinaire ampleur – romans et correspondance –, elle prend précisément la place de l'imaginaire et c'est par elle que sont noués pour l'écrivain les registres du symbolique et du réel. Ainsi, chez lui, le rêve devient-il une source directe et continue de création. La sorte d'autobiographie constituée peu à peu dans sa correspondance, les témoignages de ceux et celles qui l'ont connu, ainsi que la lecture de son œuvre, ont permis d'établir à son propos différents diagnostics psychopathologiques qui seront soumis à discussion. Le parcours personnel de Lovecraft est celui d'un créateur malheureux sans doute, mais dont le travail d'écriture contribua néanmoins à la sauvegarde. Car c'est aussi d'un extraordinaire parcours d'autothérapie qu'il s'agit. Lovecraft ne connut pas la gloire ni la fortune de son vivant, mais ne pouvant faire autrement, il écrivit sans cesse jusqu'à sa mort, sans se préoccuper vraiment de réussite. L'écriture, dès l'enfance, a représenté pour lui une sauvegarde contre les dangers du monde extérieur, l'écran qui le protégeait du contact avec les autres et donc aussi du réel. Pour lovecraft, l'écriture fait sinthome et il parvient à se constituer un public, certes réduit, mais intelligent et admiratif, sur lequel il s'appuie pour construire peu à peu, mais assez vite, un réseau de relations sociales, d'abord médié par l'écriture puis, au fur et à mesure, de plus en plus direct. H.P. Lovecraft (1890–1937) was an American writer whose work renewed fantasy literature and inaugurated a new genre. His first master was Edgar Allan Poe, but he was also influenced by Lord Dunsany and Arthur Machen. Author of numerous novels and short stories, but also of a rich correspondence of several tens of thousands of letters (as many as 100,000, according to one count!), his world is haunted by the degeneration of bodies, the dissolution of the limits of reality, and the danger of the Other and the intense anguish that it provokes. Preferring the mediation of writing to the real physical presence, Lovecraft expresses a generalized xenophobia tending to racism and based on the disgust caused by the body of the other. The objective of this work is to grasp the psychic dynamics of this writer from two points of view : that of psychopathology and the various diagnoses that have been made, and that of his creative capacity. Lovecraft's personal history as well as his literary work, his correspondence, and the testimonies of people around him are used as material to decipher his creative process, the signs of his subjective position as well as those that could be related to psychopathology. Writing, from childhood on, represented for Lovecraft a safeguard against the dangers of the outside world, the screen that protected him from contact with others and therefore also from reality. Lovecraft's literary genius is absolutely inseparable from his being. Lovecraft became by his own means a being of writing, a scriptbeing rather than a talkbeing. The hypotheses about his (psycho)pathology, numerous and sometimes contradictory, can in no way account for his literary talent. It is rather his dreams that guide him in the writing of his short stories. More than an art, more than a formatting of his anguish, more than a deposit and emptying of jouissance, writing for Lovecraft sets up the imaginary screen on which the unbearable real is signified and seized as reality. Writing is for him an addictive, continuous, protective, and necessary exercise : he never stops writing. By its extraordinary extent – novels and correspondence – it occupies the place of the Imaginary, a space where the registers of the Symbolic and the Real are linked together. Thus, for him, the dream becomes a direct and continuous source of creation. The sort of autobiography that has gradually emerged from his correspondence, the testimonies of those who knew him, as well as the reading of his work, have made it possible to establish various psychopathological diagnoses about him that will be submitted for discussion. Lovecraft's personal journey is that of an unfortunate creator, but one whose writing nonetheless contributed to his survival. For it is also an extraordinary journey of self-therapy. Lovecraft did not achieve fame or fortune during his lifetime, but since he could not do otherwise, he wrote incessantly until his death, without really worrying about success. Writing, from childhood, represented a safeguard against the dangers of the outside world, the screen that protected him from contact with others and therefore also from reality. For Lovecraft, writing is a sinthome and he managed to build up a public, admittedly small, but intelligent and admiring, on which he relied, allowing for the gradual construction of a network of social relations, first mediated by writing and then, as time went by, more and more directly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT: The representation of the city since Baudelaire is the poet of the " Tableaux Parisiens (Paintings Parisians)" who becomes poet-journalist-solitary at the corner of the streets, will give a certain vitality to the aesthetics of waiting since the rendering is an association between reality and reality. Imaginary giving meaning to what Butor calls “the imaginary Museum”. Sartre said of Baudelaire, “he is the man who never forgets himself”. He will therefore always find the means to rethink his being, say, and say again what he dreams of instead of what he lives. In other words, the “Parisianness” of Parisian paintings is indisputable… but the challenge is to achieve a representation of “the encounter”; "from love at first sight" that materializes this desire to "drink the deep immensity..." beyond the "morbid miasma" (Elevation). We will realize, in this reflection that the encounter slips towards a hunt for the impossible born of a flirtation of a "fleeting beauty" endowed with an exceptional power of rebirth. RÉSUMÉ : La représentation de la ville puisque Baudelaire est le poète des « Tableaux Parisiens » qui devient poète-journaliste-solitaire au coin des rues, donnera une certaine vitalité à l’esthétique de l’attente puisque le rendu est une association entre le réel et l’imaginaire donnant sens à ce que Butor appelle « le Musée imaginaire ». Sartre disait de Baudelaire que « c’est l’homme qui ne s’oublie jamais ». Il trouvera donc, toujours, les moyens pour repenser son être et dire et redire ce dont il rêve à la place de ce qu’il vit. Autrement dit, la « parisianité » des tableaux parisiens est incontestable… mais le vrai pari, c’est d’aboutir à une représentation de « la rencontre » ; « du coup de foudre » que matérialise cette volonté de « boire l’immensité profonde… » au-delà des « miasmes morbides » (Elévation). On se rendra bien compte, dans cette réflexion, que la rencontre glisse vers une traque de l’impossible née d’une drague d’une « fugitive beauté » dotée d’un exceptionnel pouvoir de renaissance

This study is based on psychoanalytic theory, and the concepts of uncanny, anguish and helplessness are points of convergence between psychoanalysis and Clarice Lispector's literary production, more specifically A Hora da Estrela, 1977. Starting from the failures of a society that does not fulfills the promise of protecting citizens from the malaise generated by it, literature and psychoanalysis are added together. For this, the work approaches the process of literary writing as a result of the subject's restlessness, anguish and helplessness; a creative process glimpsed in Clarice Lispector. In an attempt to better understand the concepts already described, a theoretical study was carried out, as well as the author's work. Theoretically, the research is based on Freud, Kehl, Dunker, Birman, among others. As a final result, it is possible to say that, in A Hora da Estrela, the character Rodrigo S. M., illustrates well the type of psychological helplessness proposed to be studied. Through Rodrigo S. M., artistic production supports psychic helplessness, when the other supports created by man fail, leaving the subject to the condition to build them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estilos da Clínica is the property of FEUSP - Faculdade de Educacao da USP - Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses dominance and oppression in society due to cultural complexes filled with collective memories of destructiveness and perpetration, implicit memories which have remained repressed. Individual personal complexes and traumas are intertwined with traumatizing historical circumstances, setting up pairs of perpetrator and victim. The metaphors of devouring and asphyxiation are used to denote interpersonal and group relationships in which feelings of imprisonment, suffocating anxiety and expulsion are predominant, all of which leads to painful projections and introjections, dissociation and suffering. Asphyxiating death symbolizes not only environmental devastation by fire, the pandemic and the plague, but is also seen as a symptom of acute anxiety in modern times. Devouring stands for the annulment of the objectified Other in a patriarchal society best revealed in fratricidal struggles, the oppression of women and, ultimately, wars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Analytical Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The psychoanalytical dispositive opens the possibility of the advent of a clinical fact, of something that has taken on a singular value in the experience of the one who comes to speak. If the analyst has the duty to interpret, he is careful not to respond as an expert. Holding to the measure of what causes and makes the subject talk, the ethics of desire implies having weighed the value of silence in order to produce the ‘right not-said’. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim is to question the emergency in the city for the subject of the unconscious, and the relationship that the latter has with time in moments of subjective emergency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the end of the Second World War, Lacan delivers a reflection on an unprecedented subjective logic where time takes a preponderant place, in a very precise form, haste. Its modulation effects nothing less than the “psychological birth” of the “I” and accounts for the “ontological form” of anxiety. Despite his theoretical changes, Lacan will not cease to refer to this text which makes speaking a matter of urgency, whether he ignores it or not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to highlight the exploitation of some expressionist motifs in two plays by the French playwright Armand Salacrou (1899-1989), L’Archipel Lenoir and Histoire de rire throughout the painting of a metaphysical anxiety. In those pieces we can see realisation of such expressionist concepts as the war of brains (bataille des cerveaux), irradiation of the author’s I which conditions an antinaturalistic and caricatured expression of anxiety in an axiologically misstructured world. We can also appreciate elaboration of the expressionist motif of psychological murder which is an illustration of empoisoned relations between man and woman who do seek to destruct and moulder each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientific Annals of the 'Al. I. Cuza' University, Iasi. Sociology & Social Work / Analele Stiintifice ale Universitatii 'Al. I. Cuza' Iasi Sociologie si Asistenta Sociala is the property of Alexandru Ioan Cuza University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The inflow of Rohingya refugees from Myanmar experiencing trauma and torture is a major global issue. This article explores relationships with local communities as they are represented in the multi-vocal voices of Rohingya refugees. Interviews and focus groups were conducted with a group of Rohingya refugees based in the Kutupalong refugee camp in Bangladesh along with observations of camp life. Twenty participants were interviewed. The observations provide insights into the feelings of anxiety among the Rohingya refugees. Yet, the findings also suggest that the refugees hold out hope that in Bangladesh they will find a sense of belonging. The study draws on Bakhtin's notion of heteroglossia as positioned through sociological discourse, to reflect the social experiences of refugee young people and their families. The intent of the article is to open up, rather than to close off engagement with the issue – furthering awareness and possible actions to be taken. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on my relationship with analysands and my inner world. I reflect on the role of the archetypal Self during times of existential anxiety that may lead to an experience of 'essential anxiety'. This term refers to a meeting by a fearful ego with an inward recognition of the Self, when faced with threat. The efforts to curb the spread of the pandemic changed our ways of life, while the virus itself threatened our existence in debilitating or outright destructive ways. But what also came into view, in sessions of analysis and supervision, was the creative instinct, and a celebration of life. The soul-to-soul relationship, and the connection with images of the archetypal Self, made the experience of existential anxiety at times an essential experience that facilitated psychological growth. I discuss some advantages of on-line Jungian analysis where, despite distance and partial view, the body still serves as container to hold important psychological material, conferring a sense of wholeness for analyst and analysand. The COVID-19 crisis is terrible and terrifying but it also provides an opportunity for self-regulation and individuation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Helplessness has always been a central theme to psychoanalysis, to which Freud devoted himself in texts such as "The malaise in civilization" (1930/1996e) and "The future of an illusion" (1927/1996c), so based on this concept, we carried out qualitative research with patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit of a university hospital. The helplessness and drive entanglement, helplessness and religiosity, helplessness and finitude, and helplessness and transience categories were analyzed from the psychoanalytic theoretical framework using the content analysis method. The analysis allowed us to think of admission to intensive care as an experience of (re) updating the initial helplessness that demands from the subject-patient and the psychologist/psychoanalyst to deal with issues that go back to castration and finitude. Faced with the threat to life and the sources of suffering highlighted by Freud, the hospitalized subject makes use of some palliative measures to try to alleviate their anguish: religiosity, attachment to family memories, reflection on their own life, and fantasies about the return home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé : Évoquer le nom de Kafka, c’est entendre l’écho lointain d’une œuvre qui se multiplie elle-même par la « mise en abyme » de sa propre image ; la problématisation constante du contenu romanesque où l’absurde et le rationnel deviennent indiscernables. Plongé dans un deuil sans objet, le lecteur, par hygiène intellectuelle, découvre au fil des œuvres kafkaïennes ce que Colisimo (J.-F. Collisimo, 2006, p. 7) a appelé « la religion d’un temps sans religion ». En entraînant son lecteur dans les profondeurs insoupçonnées de la fabrique d’un monde impassible par-delà nature et culture, Kafka ira jusqu’à l’affecter d’un coefficient négatif : la pensée du vide, la tentation du néant, ou mieux, le recouvrement de la désolation.

Résumé : Une étrange dissonance encercle et prescrit tout le XIXe siècle dans ce que Walter Benjamin a appelé le « temps de l’enfer ». La résonance assourdie de cette Saison en enfer (Rimbaud), par sa scansion, préfigure la hantise de l’étrangeté permanente dans l’écriture de Paul Verlaine et de Guy de Maupassant. L’obsolescence des valeurs, l’expérience de l’échec et/ou la dissolution dans le vide total valorisent un type de nouvel absurde : la question de l’évidement et sa suppléance dans une littérature qui s’impossibilise à persévérer dans un univers stable et ordonné. La pliure blanchotienne, ramenée à sa question testamentaire, identifie l’interrogation sur la « mort » comme l’unique question qui neutralise toutes les autres questions et qui menace de détruire la littérature.

Just as there is an instant of seeing, a time for understanding and a moment of concluding in Lacanian theory, there is also an instant of obeying, a time of indignation and a moment to rise up. Lacan introduces these logical times to think the place of the Other. In this paper other logical times will be introduced to think the place of the coronavirus in our reality. The coronavirus and its pandemic have caused a series of subjective responses to anguish such as obedience and indignation; the proposal in this paper is that there is another way, a way out of that anguish through the act of rising up with the others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La réactivation des représentations d'attachement au cours de la grossesse peut amener à une recherche de soutien alternatif, sur Internet par exemple. En effet, les spécificités des échanges en ligne facilitent cette recherche de soutien. L'état émotionnel (anxiété, dépression) de la femme enceinte pourrait aussi être lié à un usage d'Internet centré sur la grossesse. L'objectif de cette étude est d'explorer les associations entre l'usage d'Internet concernant la grossesse par les futures mères, leur style d'attachement, leur perception du soutien social et leur niveau d'anxiété et de dépression. Cette étude a été menée auprès de 28 femmes enceintes primipares, au dernier trimestre de grossesse. L'usage d'Internet en lien avec la grossesse, le style d'attachement, le soutien social perçu, le niveau d'anxiété et de dépression ont été évalués par autoquestionnaires. Des analyses de corrélation et de comparaisons de moyenne ont été réalisées. Les résultats montrent une association significative entre un style d'attachement craintif et l'usage d'Internet pour la recherche d'informations. Le score de dépression est significativement associé à l'usage d'Internet pour la recherche d'informations en lien avec la grossesse et pour des conseils et réduire les affects négatifs. Le besoin de réassurance caractérisant l'attachement craintif pourrait se traduire par une multiplication des recherches de sources d'informations pour gérer les questionnements liés à la grossesse. Le lien entre la dépression et l'usage d'Internet interroge néanmoins sur les effets de cet usage sur les symptômes dépressifs. The pregnancy of a first child is a life event with a strong emotional impact. Like any life event, pregnancy is a time when the need for comfort and support can be increased. The issues related to attachment will be reactivated in future parents and affect the experience of this transition period. Pregnant women with an insecure attachment style would be particularly vulnerable to experiencing pregnancy-specific anxiety. Furthermore, depending on their representations of attachment relationships, future mothers may perceive their partner as more or less supportive. Faced with a lack of perceived support, expectant mothers could turn to other people. Nevertheless, seeking help and support is not always simple. The Internet could be an alternative source of support and information. Indeed, the specificities of online exchanges can allow another mode of exchange and facilitate the search for support, making the Internet a potential source of support. To face anxiety and depression sometimes experienced during pregnancy, social support is essential. It may help pregnant women to grasp the changes related to her new life. Future mothers with a high level of anxiety and depression, or with anxiety-depressive disorders, could use the Internet to find people with whom to exchange and find answers to their questions. The aim of this study is to explore the Internet use related to pregnancy by expectant mothers in relation to their attachment style, perception of social support, and level of anxiety and depression. This study is cross-sectional and was conducted among a sample of 28 pregnant women (mean = 27.10 years; sd = 3.70). To recruit participants, advertisements with a link to the survey were posted and shared on social networks. All the women were expecting their first child and were in the last trimester of their pregnancy. The participants completed an anonymous online survey. The survey assessed Internet use related to pregnancy, attachment style, perceived social support level of anxiety and depression by autoquestionnaires. Partial correlation analyzes, controlled by time prior to conception, showed a significant relationship between fearful attachment and (1) Internet use for information seeking, (2) Internet use having a perceived effect on emotions. Data revealed that Internet use to exchange and share experiences and emotions is significantly and negatively related to satisfaction of perceived social support. Finally, depression was linked to both Internet use for information seeking and Internet use for counseling and reducing negative emotions. The results of this study suggest that pregnant women with fearful attachment use the Internet to search for information related to pregnancy. This use could be explained by the fact that the fearful attachment is often associated with a higher level of stress. The need for reinsurance could then result in a multiplication of sources of information to handle the issues raised by pregnancy. The link between the level of depression and the use of the Internet to reduce negative affects suggests that the Internet can be perceived as a source of support by expectant mothers. However, the link between the level of depression and the use of the Internet for information seeking questions about the effects of this use. Indeed, the information and testimonies collected on the Internet could also lead to depressive symptomatology in future mothers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lacan's views on anxiety are based on Freud's work titled 'Inhibitions, Symptom and Anxiety'. This article is based on Lacan's tenth seminar known as 'Anxiety'. It explores the commonalities and contrasts between Freud and Lacan's views on anxiety. Lacan diverges from Freud by arguing that anxiety is linked to the lack of lack. In this article, anxiety is explained through the relationship between desire and jouissance during subject formation process. Freud argues that the reason behind anxiety is the fear of castration. In contrast, Lacan argues that the reason behind anxiety is a fear that one is unable to be castrated, and the consequent risk of being devoured by the mother. Anxiety is directly linked to the Other's desire. The subject, when he is unaware of how he is being perceived by the Other's gaze, asks the question of 'What does Other want from me?', which triggers anxiety. Lacan, by claiming that 'Anxiety is not without an object', explains that the object of anxiety is object petit a. Object petit a consists of both the object of anxiety, and the object cause of desire. In this article, the relationship between object petit a and anxiety is explored. In addition, the protective nature of phobia, fetishism, acting out and passage to act are investigated which are thought to be protective mechanisms against anxiety. In that sense, the current article explores how anxiety is triggered within and across Lacan's three clinical structures (neurosis, psychosis and perversion). The protective mechanisms used by the structures to tackle anxiety have been analysed, drawing on clinical case studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unintentional life (La vita involontaria) is the Italian writer Brianna Carafa's first novel. It was published in 1975 by Einaudi and recently re-released by Cliquot. In our article we will study how the main character's existential anguish enters the language creating a real rhetoric of the crisis. The author, being psychoanalyst herself, wisely plays with a series of figures of speech in order to reproduce in literature the broken world of the main character Paolo Pintus. Starting from this context, we are going to analyze how the synecdoche of the "red roofs" or the metaphorical language used to describe the character's hometown, as well as the surroundings and the environment where he finds himself, manage to build a sort of meta text. For the main character's suffering, worsened by an ataraxia that seems to lead him to ruin, pours through the fictional language. The reader finds himself faced to a double text: Paolo Pintus' crisis - his intellectual and relational illness - ends up infecting the literary fabric leading to an authentic pathology of the word. The latter, being unable to transpose the truth of a suffering, falls into what's considered the worst of evils by Carafa: inaction, silence or, to paraphrase the name of Pintus' hometown (Oblenz), into the oblivion, the lack-of-being, the dissipation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to a research we are carrying out on the reasons for consultation in a psychoanalytic institution in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, this paper aims to raise the hypothesis of why the panic attack is the most frequent reason for consultation. To this end, we will begin with a description of the Freudian anxiety and its derivation in the DSM panic attack; then we distinguish between the panic attack and other clinical presentations such as phobia, conversion symptoms, and depression. Finally, we will state that, due to the characteristics of the panic attack, this is an efficient cause to demand treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the effects of the pandemic on clinical work and proposes a preliminary research based on the fundamentals of the psychoanalytic clinic. Its questions focus on two points: on the one hand, the social bond of the discourses and on the other hand, the symptomatic formations that have resulted from the event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'angoisse excessive ou pathologique de l'enfant représente un objet courant de consultation pédopsychiatrique, qu'il soit initié par les membres de l'entourage familial ou par les professionnels de l'enfance. Il n'est guère toujours aisé de distinguer l'angoisse existentielle que tout enfant appréhende au cours de son développement de celle qui prend un accent délétère, dommageable à son épanouissement. L'article propose de se pencher sur les troubles anxieux chez l'enfant en rappelant quelques définitions et manifestations cliniques avant d'ouvrir la question de la place de la pleine conscience dans l'abord thérapeutique. La pleine conscience en tant qu'approche non invasive nous apparaît intéressante dans les troubles anxieux chez l'enfant et ce dans une triple finalité. Elle permet d'abord de mettre le jeune patient en confiance dans la perspective de l'établissement d'un lien transférentiel. Par ailleurs, cette technique contient en soi un effet anxiolytique non négligeable dont les répercussions positives dépassent la seule personne de l'enfant concerné. Enfin, comme cette première approche thérapeutique s'avère à la fois surprenante, attrayante, engageante, l'enfant accepte plus volontiers de poursuivre la démarche de traitement. Requests for advice, advice and treatment in child-child psychiatry are experiencing an exponential explosion, as seen by clinicians and those involved in childhood; it is also relayed to the competent health authorities. The child's excessive or pathological anguish is a common subject of child psychiatric consultation, whether initiated by members of the family or by child care professionals. Symptomatology is varied, multi-faceted and comorbidity frequent. However, it is not always easy to distinguish the existential anguish that every child apprehends during his development from that which takes on a deleterious accent, harmful to his development. The article proposes to address anxiety disorders in children by recalling some clinical definitions and manifestations before opening the question of the place of mindfulness in the therapeutic axe. We propose to repeat the main elements of several concepts such as anxiety, anxiety and stress. In general, anxiety can be understood as a painful sensation of deep discomfort, determined by the diffuse impression of a relatively vague but imminent danger, before which one remains unarmed and powerless. It is usually accompanied by neuro-vegetative changes. Anxiety will be understood differently depending on the theoretical reference. Anxiety is manifested by distress, a sense of threat or fear. It also corresponds to an emotional state characterized by a feeling of worry, insecurity, marked by the apprehension of an indeterminate danger before which one feels powerless. Thought holds a prominent place. There is also the notion of stress which reflects all the responses to pressures and constraints arising from the environment. The body mobilizes psychophysiologically to escape danger. The anxiety disorder manifests itself in very different ways depending on the children, their age, their personality and the type of disturbance. Let us emphasize at the outset how anxiety is potentially masked by hyperactivity, agitation or other behavioural disorders. Anxiety disorders are often associated with learning difficulties. The recommended management of anxiety disorders in the first instance is psychotherapy. It may even constitute the only treatment or be associated for example with the psychopharmacological approach, depending on the severity of the disorder, this without neglecting probable interventions in the contextual reality of the child concerned. In fact, let us recall how much the young subject is dependent on his environment and how much interference with it can seriously affect his psychic state. If the symptoms are intense, disabling and/or psychotherapy is not sufficient to contain them, a psychopharmacological treatment may be considered, combined with other therapeutic axes. The axis of the medication should also be used in the presence of a harmful comorbidity. Given the neuro-vegetative effects of anxiety disorders, before resorting to psychopharmacological treatment, we recommend that we favour the relaxation techniques often appreciated by the child. Let's continue thinking about treatments by focusing on a specific approach. The intervention programs using so-called mindfulness meditation aim to encourage the individual to welcome his thoughts, emotions and sensations. In a general way, mindfulness allows us to devote all of our attention to the present moment without passing judgment in order to be in the most contact with our lived experiences. Beyond a fashion effect, mindfulness provides a promising perspective for acting on the signs of anxiety, stress in children and adults, regardless of the presence of mental health disruption in the subject. This being the case, the effectiveness of this practice in anxiety disorders by improving the symptoms of the child is now recognized. This technique has a positive influence on several other variables such as creativity, cognitive flexibility, concentration in learning. On the other hand, mindfulness visibly increases social abilities. There is a correlation between regular participation in meditation exercises and improvement of the child's well-being and a decrease in anxiety symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper intends to delve into psychoanalytic ponderations about the condition of angst in the current world. To do so, we start from two positions that are tightly linked: the psychoanalytic clinic and its political relationships. With this in mind, we contemplate the idea of the body as an acoustic box where anguish, as an affection, takes place; and, at the same time, the linking of bodies as they respond to the demand of the symbolic system of culture. In doing this, we intend to problematize the place occupied by desire and its ethics in the boundaries of capitalism and how some effects are produced by the symbolic-economic demands towards the subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le problème de la « passion » ou des « passions », qui a beaucoup intéressé la philosophie, dépasse largement les définitions et catégories cliniques des études psychiatriques classiques. Parmi les innombrables passions humaines (amoureuses, artistiques, politiques, scientifiques, criminelles, etc.), la passion extrême pour Dieu dans le christianisme, celle de la sainteté, a toujours intrigué les psychiatres par le caractère extraordinaire de ses manifestations psychologiques et physiques. Catherine de Sienne (1347–1380) est l'une des plus grandes mystiques catholiques et sa vie hors du commun a donné lieu à diverses recherches hagiographiques ou critiques. L'auteur propose une simple réflexion personnelle sur cette sainte selon les axes suivants : la grande précocité de sa vocation religieuse ; sa sainteté reconnue par les autres ; son refus de la nourriture (anorexie mentale grave) ; son goût passionnel pour le sang des hommes et du Christ ; son érotisme mystique ; son angoisse et ses extases, sa personnalité privée et sociale complexe ; les expressions de sa sainteté et de son amour sans limite pour Dieu dans leurs relations avec les troubles mentaux. L'auteur conclut qu'il est incapable de se forger une opinion définitive sur la nature et la cause des phénomènes extraordinaires du mysticisme chez Catherine de Sienne. The issue of "passion" or "passions", which has been of great interest to philosophers, goes far beyond the definitions and clinical categories of classical psychiatric studies. Among the countless human passions (love, art, politics, science, crime, etc.), the extreme passion for God in Christianity, i.e. that of holiness, has always intrigued psychiatrists owing to the extraordinary nature of its psychological and physical manifestations. Catherine of Siena (1347–1380) was one of the greatest Catholic mystics and her extraordinary life has given rise to various hagiographical and critical accounts. The author proposes his personal thoughts on this saint with regard to the following themes: her religious vocation so early in life; her holiness recognized by others; her refusal of food (severe anorexia nervosa); her passion for the blood of men and Christ; her mystical eroticism; her states of anguish and ecstasy; her complex private and social personality; the expressions of her holiness and her boundless love for God, and how they are related to mental disorders. The author concludes that he is unable to form a definitive opinion about the nature and cause of the extraordinary mystic phenomena that inhabited Catherine of Siena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'anxiété, qui n'est pas toujours pathologique, appartient à la classification générale des troubles anxieux qui constituent un ensemble de troubles psychologiques dont les symptômes sont représentés par une anxiété excessive, un sentiment de peur diffuse, des inquiétudes et des comportements d'adaptation. Souvent strictement confondue avec l'angoisse ou associée à la dépression, l'anxiété peut être polymorphe, comme dans le trouble anxieux généralisé. Les causes sont nombreuses et variées dans leur expression. Quant aux manifestations cliniques, elles peuvent être d'ordre psychologique, somatique ou/et comportemental. Anxiety, which is not always pathological, belongs to the general classification of anxiety disorders which constitute a set of psychological disorders of which the symptoms are represented by excessive anxiety, a pervasive sense of fear, worries and adaptation behaviour. Often confused with anguish or associated with depression, anxiety can be polymorphous, as in generalised anxiety disorder. The causes are numerous and varied in their expression. The clinical manifestations may be psychological, somatic and/or behavioural. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The factors influencing the future of the aggressive impulse lie both at the level of the child itself and at the level of the socio-family and society. The difficult behaviour of the child at the latent age questions many parameters both in terms of the psychic functioning of the individual concerned and at the relational level. Moreover, this symptomatological procession comes to question societal values, including, among others, the notion of authority. Thus, these usually tenacious difficulties require adequate support and the broadest possible reflection on relations within families and in our society in general. The evaluative approach consists in understanding the function of the symptoms, the suffering of the child in his neuro-psycho-developmental trajectory in order to engage an accompaniment of help and adapted care. Behind the term "difficult" child, is usually discovered a great psychological suffering more or less recognized. The assessment focuses on the child in question in terms of cognitive, emotional and relational dimensions, as well as on the socio-family environment. It is essential to understand the attitudes of the socio-family members with regard to the difficult behaviour of the child by specifying that this is once again a circular phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Underground spaces raise anxieties and fears that are linked to a highly unfavorable imagination. Our contribution aims to establish the major cardinals points of the imaginary of the deep-underground based on the French anthropology of the imaginaire (Gaston Bachelard, Gilbert Durand). It states that the imagination nurtures a human emotional and affective relationship with space which structures the experience of a world. In the imagination, the qualities of underground spaces take on an ambivalent character. From a literary bibliography of the great stories that condense the various components of the imaginary underground into coherent sets of images, we identify five topical cardinal points of the imaginary of the underground. Firstly, depth is the most pregnant and has given rise to many stories, especially those devoted to the underworld, whose imagination still remains widespread today. Other features are the closure of space; the absence of landmarks; hollow space and the space below with respect to the space above. The imaginaire of the underground largely marked by anxiety also leaves room for other themes such as deep rest, the initiation quest, the desire to excel, fun exploration and creative subversion. The ambivalence of these qualities contributes to the richness of our experience and allows us to nurture leads towards the development of existing urban underground spaces combined in diverse strategies. The aim is to integrate underground spaces into the experience of a world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In De Sa'di in Aragon, a work devoted to studying the influence of Persian poetry on French literature, emphasizing the admiration of Henri de Montherlant for Khayyâm and highlighting some common themes in the work of these two writers, Hadidi talks about the journey of the Persian poet in the footsteps of the French novelist. Reading this overview, one question comes to mind: since these writers belong to two completely different social contexts, can we integrate them into the same intellectual family? In this study, after reading profoundly the Quatrains of Khayyam and several novels of Montherlant, we seek to say that these two authors, addressing the existential anxieties of man and the quest for pleasure, converge on the same points. But then, we look at their social situation and the discourses against or for which they take the position, to know if the points of recognized convergence show a remarkable relationship between these two writers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to investigate the meta-psychological notion of helplessness (Hilflosigkeit), seeking to elevate it to the status of concept. The condition of the subject's existence in the civilization is supported by a condition of psyche helplessness. The Freudian message is that coping with helplessness is fundamental, and a 'management of helplessness' is necessary either through creative destinies (its acceptance) or through fateful destinations (its avoidance). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Résumé L’article propose de soulever certaines questions cliniques et épistémologiques posées par la notion de vulnérabilité psychotique, dans le champ de la psychopathologie de l’enfant et de l’adolescent. La vulnérabilité s’est en effet constituée comme un paradigme majeur de la santé mentale contemporaine, suscitant un nombre considérable de recherches sur les facteurs de risque et d’apparition des troubles psychotiques. Les études consacrées au risque de psychose et à sa détection précoce ont marqué, depuis une vingtaine d’années, un tournant dans les modèles de vulnérabilité : les facteurs de vulnérabilité y sont englobés dans la catégorie dite à très haut risque ( ultra-high risk ), voire dans un syndrome de risque de psychose. Mais, concevoir la vulnérabilité comme risque pose plusieurs problèmes : celui d’une spécificité clinique suffisante pour fonder la prédiction, et celui de sa fidélité aux trajectoires développementales singulières. L’article examine ces interrogations à partir de deux exemples aujourd’hui paradigmatiques de la vulnérabilité psychotique : celui des expériences dites quasi-psychotiques chez l’adolescent, et celui du syndrome développemental de microdélétion 22q11.2. Background The goal of this paper is to shed light on specific clinical and epistemological questions raised by the notion of psychotic vulnerability in the field of child and adolescent psychiatry. This notion has nowadays become a major research paradigm and orients numerous studies on risk factors for transition to psychosis. In the last 20 years studies focusing on such risk factors and their early identification have given a new impetus to models of vulnerability: they unify vulnerability factors under the category of ultra-high risk, or even risk syndrome for psychosis. Method A review of the conceptual and historical background framing the notion of vulnerability sheds light on epistemological and clinical ambiguities characterizing its scope and relevance for child and adolescent psychopathology. The paper aims to clarify these questions raised by the vulnerability models by focusing on two paradigm cases of vulnerability to psychosis: psychotic-like experiences in adolescents, and the 22q11.2 microdeletion developmental syndrome. Results The discrepancy between the statistical background of vulnerability factors and a clinical understanding of the vulnerability involves two main difficulties for the clinical scope of these models: the first one relates to a specific vulnerability to psychosis, opposed to a general vulnerability to develop a mental disorder. The second one is the difficulty to grasp, from the perspective of risk models, the clinical and dynamic temporality of the transition toward psychotic symptoms. Discussion These ambiguities raised by the ultra-high risk models call for a psycho-dynamic approach, regarding diagnosis in light of a subjective experience and trajectory, and of the psychic functions and dynamics of a symptom. Such a psycho-dynamic point of view can shed light on a clinical understanding of the vulnerability models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé À l’adolescence, période de l’existence durant laquelle les modifications physiques et psychiques sont considérables, il n’est guère toujours aisé de pouvoir verbaliser ses appréhensions et incompréhensions. Le corps peut alors servir de vecteur, voire d’exutoire à l’indicible lié aux multiples expériences nouvelles et potentiellement anxiogènes que l’adolescent réalise. Il est fréquent que l’on parle de phénomènes psychosomatiques quand les manifestations du corps et de l’esprit sont intimement liées. Une des possibles expressions présentées à l’adolescence consiste dans les diverses modalités des perturbations du sommeil. Après un rappel succinct des troubles du sommeil à l’adolescence et leur compréhension, nous évoquerons une vignette clinique pour développer une réflexion sur quelques repères au niveau de l’accompagnement thérapeutique. C’est à partir de notre expérience au sein d’une unité de psychiatrie de liaison dans un hôpital général que nous discuterons d’un modèle original de prise en charge pédopsychiatrique des phénomènes psychosomatiques. In the adolescence, period of the existence in the course of which the physical and psychic modifications are considerable, it is hardly always easy to be able to put into words apprehensions and incomprehensions. The body can then serve as vector, even release of the unspeakable connected in the multiple new and potentially stressful experiences, which the teenager realizes. It is frequent that we speak about psychosomatic phenomena when the demonstrations of the body and the spirit are confidentially connected. One of the possible expressions presented to the adolescence consists in the diverse modalities of the disturbances of the sleep. After a brief reminder of sleeping disorders in the adolescence and their understanding, we shall evoke a clinical label to develop a reflection on some marks at the level of the therapeutic support. It is from our experience within a unit of psychiatry of connection in a general hospital that we shall discuss an original model of pedopsychiatric care psychosomatic phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé Nous proposons de considérer le suicide maniaco-dépressif non pas comme un acte mais comme un événement, ou plutôt comme le résultat d’une série d’événements en fuite. L’idée principale est que les troubles bipolaires ne seraient pas les symptômes différentiels de la psychose maniaco-dépressive. Mais bien plutôt le délire de mort, la cotardisation du désir, la fuite des idées et notamment la fuite des événements débouchant sur la destruction inconsciente du sujet. Pour présenter notre théorie à ce sujet, nous devons évoquer rapidement les nouveaux concepts que nous avons formalisés concernant la clinique de la psychose maniaco-dépressive, à savoir la forclusion maniaque, le délire de mort, les facteurs blancs, les angoisses altruistes, les ruines psychiques et évidemment la fuite des événements. We propose to consider manic-depressive suicide not as an act but as an event, or rather as the result of a series of events in flight. The main idea is that bipolar disorders are not the differential symptoms of manic-depressive psychosis (MDP). But rather the delirium of death, the cotardization of desire, the flight of ideas, and especially the flight of events leading to the unconscious destruction of the subject. To present our theory on this subject, we must quickly evoke the new concepts we have formalized concerning the clinic of MDP, namely manic foreclosure, delirium of death, white factors, altruistic anxieties, psychic ruins and, of course, flight of events. In the diagnosis of MDP, there may well be medical data, why not, since this psychic disturbance produces real effects in the somatic, even if it is not an obligation that there should be. However, that it may have some effects in the somatic, does not mean that the MDP and the disorders attached to it depend, or come, ultimately, from an organic disorder that should be treated medically. The manic experience shows us the very singular relation of the subject to the language. It turns out that some over-evaluated or over-represented signifiers begin to have a very heavy weight against which the subject develops a frenzied and privileged ban. This is what Binswanger calls the flight of ideas, by which the subject does not shun his delusional ideas, but it is the ideas themselves and the overvalued signifiers that begin to flee by themselves. Now, the flight of events is a fourth form of psychopathological expression, in addition to delirium, hallucination and passages to the act, which I have observed in many cases of MDP and which I have formalized in several works. These events may come from the life of the mother or father and both, independently, but especially from earlier generations whose affective value is, like in a cascade, by the parent-child relationship. The inter-subjective event is the space in which the unconscious of several subjects can manifest themselves in a synchronous way and, as such, they can be shared and assimilated diachronically. In the case of a subject in whom the delirium of death fails, in whom negative hallucinations abound, but with an inhibition of the act, it is possible that the inter-subjective events in flight carry out the destruction of his life for him. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La noche de los tiempos, d’Antonio Muñoz Molina, se déroule à Madrid et aux États-Unis dans les années 1930 et évoque les amours clandestines d’Ignacio Abel, un brillant architecte au seuil de la cinquantaine, et d’une jeune américaine, Judith Biely. Cette rencontre improbable et les événements qui se succèdent en Espagne vont bouleverser la vie d’Ignacio Abel dont le destin semblait jusqu’alors tout tracé. À travers les espaces parcourus par le protagoniste, nous assistons à l’effondrement des espérances d’un personnage en crise dans un monde lui-même en crise. Si, dans un premier temps, les attentes personnelles et professionnelles d’Ignacio ont pour cadre des environnements rassurants, ces espaces vont brutalement se dégrader, en même temps que s’effondrent les certitudes du protagoniste et les rêves de la jeune République espagnole. Nous verrons dans cette étude comment les espaces sont le reflet de deux types d’attente : le plaisir de l’attente, ou l’attente « enchantement » (Barthes) et l’angoisse de l’attente.

Freud was wrong to think that religion would disappear with the development of scientific knowledge. However, his own discoveries, drives and the unconscious, presuppose that a process of objectivization cannot ground itself. Religion is part of those irreducible, dark desires of the subject of drive alterations, that is, of angst. Thus, the problem of religion is not an epistemological but an ethical problem. Kant's attempt to link moral law to the unity of ends was perhaps a delusional effort to ground religion, although he established the irreversible principle according to which it is moral law that grounds religion and not the other way around. This, precisely, makes it possible to think the subject affected by angst as subject of the symptom; from this perspective, religion would become a symptomatic mode of feeling guilt and responsibility. In sum, religious experience would be an ethical experience and not a dogmatic theology or a theocratic ideology. It would arise from the drive depths of dissatisfaction and angst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé Objectifs L’intériorité du corps se redéfinissant par l’expérience de la maladie somatique chronique et de ses thérapeutiques, un des travaux psychiques que nous nous proposons d’étudier est celui de l’hypocondrie. Méthode Nous proposons ici le travail psychothérapeutique avec Bernard, insuffisant rénal chronique traité par hémodialyse, que nous avons suivi directement en hémodialyse pendant sept années. Résultats Bernard nous a amené à nous interroger quant au poison des liens du sang, d’un corps familial qui a contaminé en chair et en pensée son corps et sa psyché, dont son sexe et ses reins, jusqu’à l’os, de par ses associations latentes entre son squelette et l’ossuaire de Douaumont. Il interrogeait dans son travail des périodes bascules tant de vie que de mort, bases fantasmatiques de sa chair, notamment sa naissance prématurée, lorsque sa mort physique était comparable chez lui à un éclatement. Discussion Bernard et notre clinique quotidienne en hémodialyse nous ont conduit à réfléchir aux spécificités chez l’insuffisant rénal chronique traité par hémodialyse du travail de l’hypocondrie. Nous avons également travaillé les questions des traumatismes cumulatifs, des deuils infinis et des figures de cruauté, telles que la sur-vivance, le vampirisme, l’hématophilie, l’identification cadavérique et l’introjection cannibalique. Enfin, nous avons interrogé le mythe transgénérationnel et les scènes primitives, notamment de par ce qui s’hérite par et en corps. Conclusion Les plaintes corporelles et le travail de l’hypocondrie favorisent un travail de rêve, jusqu’à la création, aux fins de ré-animer, ré-humaniser, ré-objectaliser le sujet. Aim of the research Since the interiority of the body is redefined by the experience of a chronic somatic disease and its therapies, one of the psychic approaches we propose to study is the work on hypochondria. Methodology We discuss here the psychotherapeutic work conducted with Bernard over a period of seven years. He had chronic renal failure and was treated by hemodialysis. Results Bernard led us to wonder about the poisonous nature of blood ties, of a family body that had contaminated his body and his psyche, including his genitals and his kidneys, even to his bones. This was linked to latent associations between his skeleton and the ossuary of Douaumont. In his psychotherapy, he explored turning points linked to life and death, the fantasized foundations of his flesh, and in particular his premature birth, where his physical death seemed to him comparable an explosion. Discussion Bernard and our daily practice in hemodialysis clinic led us to reflect on the specificities of chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis in work on hypochondria. We also explored the accumulation of trauma, endless mourning and figures of cruelty, such as “sur-vivance”, vampirism, haematophilia, cadaveric identification and cannibalistic introjection. Finally, we explored the transgenerational myth and primitive scenes, especially through what is inherited by and in the body. Conclusion The bodily complaints and the work on hypochondria enable work on dreaming, extending to creation, in order to revive, re-humanize and re-objectify the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé Objectifs Dans cet article, nous partons de la considération du contemporain comme un post-contemporain . Tout comme le présent, le contemporain est insaisissable, et requiert l’après-coup pour en permettre l’analyse. Notre premier objectif vise à aborder notre époque post-contemporaine comme étant marquée par la radicalité , celle-ci étant caractérisée par une recherche de l’origine se manifestant par un retour du religieux, associé à l’émergence d’une angoisse néantisante. La solitude est une caractéristique de cette position radicale, engendrant une problématique de l’altérité qui renverse l’angoisse en haine, que ce soit de soi ou de l’autre. Le sujet post-contemporain passe en effet à l’acte face à un lien social et une culture qui n’arrivent plus à le soutenir. Notre deuxième objectif est de montrer que l’effet de cette position radicale amène le sujet à utiliser son corps comme seule voie d’issue. Devenant une extériorité organique , le corps vient représenter l’insupportable du sujet qui, pour sortir de l’angoisse renversée en haine, s’exclut de son corps propre. Enfin, le troisième objectif, vise à définir le sujet radical libre comme étant un produit de la société « libérale », qui cherche à fabriquer sa liberté à chaque instant. Méthode Notre méthode emprunte les voies de la clinique. Nous partirons de deux champs cliniques contrastés, d’une part, les passages à l’acte meurtriers ou suicidaires, d’autre part, les actes de passages d’un genre à l’autre. Résultats Les passages à l’acte et les actes de passages prennent en compte des sujets, radicaux libres , qui façonnent leur propre corps ou le corps de l’autre comme si c’était le leur. Discussion Nous discuterons les points de convergence et de divergences entre ces deux situations. Conclusion Notre conclusion montre que l’acte sur le corps de l’autre et l’acte sur son propre corps se rejoignent : le passage à l’acte meurtrier ou suicidaire cache le souhait d’un acte de passage, toutefois impossible à actualiser ; l’acte de passage d’un genre à l’autre requiert un passage à l’acte parfois insupportable à assumer. Chez celui qui vise un acte de passage, il faut chercher le passage à l’acte. De même, chez ceux qui passent à l’acte, il faut espérer restaurer, dans l’après-coup, un possible acte de passage. Objective The starting-point of this article consists in considering what is contemporary as being post-contemporary . Like the present, what is contemporary is something that cannot be pinned down. It requires hindsight in order to analyse it. Our first objective is to approach our post-contemporary age as being characterised by radicality. This takes the form of a search for origins, which shows up in a return of the religious, alongside the emergence of an anguish reducing things to nothingness. Solitude is a characteristic of this radical position, raising the issue of an otherness that turns anguish into hatred, whether of oneself or of the other. Indeed, the post-contemporary subject acts-out when faced with social ties and a culture that can no longer uphold him. Our second objective is to demonstrate that the effect of this radical position leads the subject to use his body as the only way out. Having become an external organism , the body comes to represent that which is intolerable for the subject. In order to escape anguish turned into hatred, the subject excludes himself from his own body. Finally, the third objective is to show how the free radical subject is a product of ‘liberal’ society, seeking to create his freedom at every moment. Method Our method uses clinical practice. We work from two contrasting clinical fields; on the one hand acting out in the form of acts of murder or suicide, on the other hand acts of passage from one gender to another. Results Acting out and acts of passage both relate to these free radical subjects who shape their own body, or who shape the body of the other as though it were their own. Discussion We will discuss the points of convergence and divergence between these two situations. Conclusion Our conclusion demonstrates that acts on the body of the other and acts on one's own body coincide. Acting out in the form of murder or suicide masks the wish for an act of passage, which is however impossible. The act of passage from one gender to the other requires an acting out that sometimes cannot be countenanced. With those whose aim is an act of passage, it is an acting out that must be sought. Similarly, with those who act-out, the need is to try to restore, in the aftermath, the possibility of an act of passage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]