70 results on '"Andréa Gazzinelli"'
Search Results
2. Transmission of Human Papilloma virus among couples
- Author
-
Agnaldo Lopes da Silva Filho, Andréa Gazzinelli Dantés, Carlos Eduardo Gazzinelli Cruz, Eduardo Batista Cândido, and Soraya Moukhaiber Zhour
- Subjects
Papillomaviridae ,sexually transmited diseases ,pathogenicity ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: Among the sexually transmitted diseases, the highest world incidence is infection by the human papillomavirus (HPV). It affects 65% of men and 80% of women. At the moment, it is only the viral infection associated with development of cancer. Objective: To review the aspects related to the transmission of the HPV in men and women, collecting studies that analyze their transmission among couples, comparing the correlation between the partners and the transmission rates among different sites. Methods: The study was designed based upon literature review, using medical search tools like Pubmed/Medline, with the keywords: “Human Papillomavirus”; and combinations, “Human Papillomavirus” and “couples,” “HPV infection in men,” “transmission of papilloma virus.” The studies selected were those that included HPV detection through HPV-DNA. Results: The concomitance of at least one viral genotype between genders showed great variation from 2.63 to 100%, the latter being specifically related to high-grade and consistency in HIV-positive groups. Conclusion: Men play a decisive role in this mechanism, both as a transmitter and as a carrier, thus they should also be the focus of HPV vaccination and treatment policies
- Published
- 2022
3. Urban-rural disparity in health services utilization in a small municipality
- Author
-
Ed Wilson Rodrigues Vieira, Izabela Rocha Dutra, Lana Jaya Cerqueira, and Andréa Gazzinelli
- Subjects
health services ,facilities and services utilization ,rural population ,urban population ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
Objective: to analyze the existence of urban-rural disparity in health services utilization by people living in a small municipality. Methods: cross-sectional study with a representative random sample of people aged 18 years and older in the urban area (n=1.235) and the entire population of a rural district (n=190). The Health Services Utilization questionnaire, from the National Household Survey in Brazil, was used. The analysis considered logistic regression models to examine factors associated with health services utilization within 30 days prior to the study. Results: the utilization rate by people in urban area was significantly higher than in rural area (45.0% vs 15.8%). Women and people who reported symptoms of diseases and diagnosis of hypertension were more likely to use health services. Conclusion: under the same municipal health organization, people living in the rural area have lower health services utilization when compared to those living in the urban area.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. A tuberculose na população em situação de rua: desempenho de profissionais da atenção primária
- Author
-
Rodrigo Pinheiro Fernandes de Queiroga, Lenilde Duarte de Sá, and Andréa Gazzinelli
- Subjects
Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
Objetivo analisar as ações para o controle da tuberculose na população em situação de rua.Métodos trata-se de uma pesquisa avaliativa que contou com a participação de 171 profissionais da estratégia saúde da família. Utilizou-se um instrumento que aborda aspectos da assistência à tuberculose para pessoas em situação de rua. A análise de desempenho ocorreu mediante avaliação das variáveis extraídas da análise fatorial exploratória e de confiabilidade.Resultados no fator 1, ações para o controle da tuberculose na população em situação de rua, as variáveis foram classificadas como incipientes e parcialmente satisfatórias; no fator 2, apoio que as equipes devem receber para direcionar as ações de controle da tuberculose na população em situação de rua, as variáveis foram classificadas como insatisfatórias e incipientes.Conclusão as ações para o controle da tuberculose na população em situação de rua não consideram as especificidades dessa população, contrariando as recomendações do Ministério da Saúde.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Indicadores antropométricos associados à pressão arterial elevada em crianças residentes em áreas urbana e rural
- Author
-
Gisele Nepomuceno de Andrade, Leonardo Ferreira Matoso, Jhon Wesley Bragança Miranda, Túlio Fonseca de Lima, Andréa Gazzinelli, and Ed Wilson Vieira
- Subjects
Salud del Niño ,Presión Arterial ,Índice de Masa Corporal ,Circunferencia de la Cintura ,Antropometría ,Salud Pública ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
Objetivo: avaliar indicadores antropométricos e demográficos associados à pressão arterial elevada em crianças de 6 a 10 anos de idade de áreas urbana e rural de Minas Gerais. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 335 crianças. Foram coletados dados antropométricos, demográficos e de pressão arterial. As análises foram realizadas por meio dos testes Qui-quadrado, t student, Mann-Whitney e regressão logística, com cálculo do odds ratio como medida de associação. Resultados: a prevalência de pressão arterial elevada foi significativamente maior entre as crianças da área rural. Na área urbana, a chance de pressão arterial elevada foi maior nas crianças que possuíam o índice de massa corporal elevado (2,97 [1,13-7,67]) e, na área rural, naquelas que possuíam a circunferência da cintura aumentada (35,4 [3,0-406,2]) e faixa etária de 9-10 anos (4,29 [1,46-12,6]). Conclusão: o índice de massa corporal e a circunferência da cintura elevados foram importantes indicadores antropométricos para a pressão arterial elevada, assim como a idade em crianças residentes na área rural. A avaliação do índice de massa corporal e da circunferência da cintura, para além das avaliações nutricionais, representa importante ação para o rastreio de pressão arterial elevada em crianças de diferentes contextos territoriais.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Schistosoma mansoni reinfection: Analysis of risk factors by classification and regression tree (CART) modeling.
- Author
-
Andréa Gazzinelli, Roberta Oliveira-Prado, Leonardo Ferreira Matoso, Bráulio M Veloso, Gisele Andrade, Helmut Kloos, Jeffrey M Bethony, Renato M Assunção, and Rodrigo Correa-Oliveira
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Praziquantel (PZQ) is an effective chemotherapy for schistosomiasis mansoni and a mainstay for its control and potential elimination. However, it does not prevent against reinfection, which can occur rapidly in areas with active transmission. A guide to ranking the risk factors for Schistosoma mansoni reinfection would greatly contribute to prioritizing resources and focusing prevention and control measures to prevent rapid reinfection. The objective of the current study was to explore the relationship among the socioeconomic, demographic, and epidemiological factors that can influence reinfection by S. mansoni one year after successful treatment with PZQ in school-aged children in Northeastern Minas Gerais state Brazil. Parasitological, socioeconomic, demographic, and water contact information were surveyed in 506 S. mansoni-infected individuals, aged 6 to 15 years, resident in these endemic areas. Eligible individuals were treated with PZQ until they were determined to be negative by the absence of S. mansoni eggs in the feces on two consecutive days of Kato-Katz fecal thick smear. These individuals were surveyed again 12 months from the date of successful treatment with PZQ. A classification and regression tree modeling (CART) was then used to explore the relationship between socioeconomic, demographic, and epidemiological variables and their reinfection status. The most important risk factor identified for S. mansoni reinfection was their "heavy" infection at baseline. Additional analyses, excluding heavy infection status, showed that lower socioeconomic status and a lower level of education of the household head were also most important risk factors for S. mansoni reinfection. Our results provide an important contribution toward the control and possible elimination of schistosomiasis by identifying three major risk factors that can be used for targeted treatment and monitoring of reinfection. We suggest that control measures that target heavily infected children in the most economically disadvantaged households would be most beneficial to maintain the success of mass chemotherapy campaigns.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Conhecimento e voluntariedade para participação em pesquisas: um estudo descritivo com participantes de um ensaio clínico
- Author
-
Lucas Lobato, Maria Flávia Gazzinelli, Andréa Gazzinelli, and Amanda Nathale Soares
- Subjects
Ética en Investigación ,Ensayo Clínico ,Consentimiento Informado ,Autonomía Personal ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o conhecimento sobre as informações do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE) e a voluntariedade de participantes de um ensaio clínico. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, realizado em novembro de 2011 com participantes de um ensaio clínico realizado em Americaninhas, no Nordeste de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Amostra por conveniência, com 143 adultos de 18 a 45 anos, de ambos os sexos. Utilizou-se um questionário estruturado, aplicado uma semana após a assinatura do TCLE. A maioria dos participantes do ensaio clínico assinou o TCLE sem o conhecimento suficiente das informações da pesquisa, e sofreu influência em sua decisão de participar do ensaio clínico. Concluímos que a assinatura do TCLE não garante a expressão da autonomia de todos os participantes de pesquisa clínica.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Atividade física e fatores associados em adultos de área rural em Minas Gerais, Brasil Actividad física y factores asociados en adultos de área rural en Minas Gerais, Sureste de Brasil Adult physical activity levels and associated factors in rural communities of Minas Gerais State, Brazil
- Author
-
Paula Gonçalves Bicalho, Pedro Curi Hallal, Andréa Gazzinelli, Alan Goularte Knuth, and Gustavo Velásquez-Meléndez
- Subjects
Adulto ,Actividad Motora ,Actividades Recreativas ,Actividades Cotidianas ,Caminata ,Población Rural ,Factores Socioeconómicos ,Estudios Transversales ,Atividade Motora ,Atividades de Lazer ,Atividades Cotidianas ,Caminhada ,População Rural ,Fatores Socioeconômicos ,Estudos Transversais ,Adult ,Motor Activity ,Leisure Activities ,Activities of Daily Living ,Walking ,Rural Population ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
OBJETIVO: Estimar os níveis de atividade física e sua associação com fatores sociodemográficos em moradores de áreas rurais. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, de base populacional, incluindo 567 adultos de duas comunidades rurais do Vale do Jequitinhonha, MG, entre os anos de 2008 e 2009. Os níveis de atividade física foram coletados por meio do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física, versão longa adaptada. Utilizou-se o ponto de corte de 150 minutos de atividade física semanal entre os domínios: trabalho, domicílio, lazer e deslocamento. Os fatores sociodemográficos pesquisados foram sexo, cor da pele, idade, estado marital, escolaridade e autopercepção de saúde. Foram realizadas análise bivariada (qui-quadrado, p< 0,05) e análise múltipla de regressão logística. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de indivíduos que praticaram 150 minutos ou mais de atividade física no trabalho foi de 82,9% (IC 95%: 77,8;88,0) entre os que trabalham atualmente. Essa proporção para os outros domínios foram: domicílio 63,5% (IC 95%: 59,6;67,4); lazer 10,1% (IC 95%: 7,6;12,6); e no deslocamento 32,0% (IC 95%: 28,2;35,8). Os homens foram mais ativos que as mulheres no lazer, deslocamentos e trabalho, enquanto as mulheres foram mais ativas no ambiente doméstico. A atividade física de lazer foi mais prevalente em indivíduos de maior escolaridade, mais jovens e entre os de cor preta e parda. No deslocamento, mulheres mais jovens e homens e mulheres com estado de saúde excelente/bom foram mais ativos. Os homens com maior escolaridade foram os menos ativos neste domínio. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de adultos fisicamente ativos em área rural é alta, mas os níveis de atividade física no lazer são baixos e seguem padrões similares aos de áreas urbanas segundo idade, sexo e escolaridade.OBJETIVO: Estimar los niveles de actividad física y su asociación con factores sociodemográficos en moradores de áreas rurales. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal, de base poblacional, incluyendo 567 adultos de dos comunidades rurales del Vale do Jequitinhonha, Sureste de Brasil, entre los años de 2008 y 2009. Los niveles de actividad física fueron colectados por medio de Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física, versión larga adaptada. Se utilizó el punto de corte de 150 minutos de actividad física semanal entre los dominios: trabajo, domicilio, ocio y traslados. Los factores sociodemográficos investigados fueron sexo, color de la piel, edad, estado marital, escolaridad y autopercepción de salud. Se realizaron análisis bivariado (Chi-cuadrado, p£0,05) y análisis múltiple de regresión logística. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de individuos que practicaron 150 minutos o más de actividad física en el trabajo fue de 82,9% (IC 95%: 77,8;88,0) entre los que trabajan actualmente. Esa proporción para los otros dominios fueron: 63,5% (IC 95%: 59,6;6;67,4) en el domicilio. 10,1% (IC 95%: 7,6;12,6) en el ocio y 32,0% (IC 95%: 28,2;35,8) en traslados. Los hombres fueron más activos que las mujeres en el ocio, traslados y trabajo, mientras que las mujeres fueron más activas en el ambiente doméstico. La actividad física de ocio fue más prevalente en individuos de mayor escolaridad, más jóvenes y entre los de color negro y pardo. En el traslado, mujeres más jóvenes y hombres y mujeres con estado de salud excelente/ bueno fueron más activos. Los hombres con mayor escolaridad fueron los menos activos en este dominio. CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de adultos físicamente activos en área rural es alta, pero los niveles de actividad física en el ocio son bajos y siguen patrones similares a los de áreas urbanas según edad, sexo y escolaridad.OBJECTIVE: To estimate the physical activity level and its association with sociodemographic factors in adults living in rural areas. METHODS: Cross-sectional population study including 567 adults in two rural communities from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Southeastern Brazil, during the years of 2008 and 2009. Physical activity levels were assessed with the adapted long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. A cut-off point of 150 minutes per week was used in the analyses for the domains: occupational, household, leisure and commuting. The sociodemographic factors studied were sex, skin color, age, marital status, education and self-reported health. Bivariate analysis (chi-square test, p< 0.05) and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed. RESULTS: The prevalence of subjects practicing 150 min/wk or more of work related physical activity was 82.9% (95% CI: 77.8;88.0) of those currently working. The equivalent proportions for the other domains were: household 63.5% (95% CI: 59.6; 67.4); leisure time 10.1% (95% CI: 7.6;12.6) and commuting 32.0% (95% CI: 28.2;35.8%). Men were more active than women in leisure time, commuting and occupational domains, while women were more active in the household domain. Leisure time physical activity was more prevalent in younger subjects, those with higher levels of education and among those of black or mixed skin color. Commuting physical activity was more frequent among younger women and among men and women in excellent/good health. Men with higher level of schooling were less active in the commuting domain. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of physically active adults in this rural area was high, but the levels of leisure time physical activity were low and followed patterns similar to those observed in urban areas, in relation to age, sex and educational status.
- Published
- 2010
9. Tempo de espera por consulta médica especializada em um município de pequeno porte de Minas Gerais, Brasil
- Author
-
Ed Wilson Rodrigues Vieira, Thais Moreira Nascimento Lima, and Andréa Gazzinelli
- Subjects
Tempo para o Tratamento ,Medicina ,Especialização ,Listas de Espera ,Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
OBJETIVO: avaliar o tempo de espera por consulta médica especializada em um município de pequeno porte, distante de grandes centros urbanos e localizado em região economicamente pouco desenvolvida em Minas Gerais, Brasil. MÉTODO: estudo de caso com abordagem descritiva que acompanhou e analisou todos os 152 encaminhamentos de pacientes para consultas médicas especializadas não ofertadas em seu município de residência durante seis meses (julho de 2011 a janeiro de 2012). Os encaminhamentos foram analisados quanto ao referenciamento e agendamento da consulta, utilizando um instrumento estruturado para a coleta de dados. Realizou-se análise descritiva e o número médio de dias de espera foi comparado entre variáveis de interesse. RESULTADOS: a maioria dos encaminhamentos (74,3%) foi referenciada a especialistas pelos médicos da atenção primária. As solicitações para primeira consulta representaram 88,8% dos encaminhamentos e a principal demanda destas foi para otorrinolaringologia (36,3%). O tempo médio de espera pela primeira consulta, independentemente da especialidade, foi de 244 dias (desvio-padrão = 193, mediana = 198), variando de seis a 559 dias. Apenas 3,7% dos pacientes encaminhados esperaram três meses ou menos pela consulta e outros 5,2% esperaram três a seis meses. Ao final dos seis meses de estudo, 91,1% dos pacientes acompanhados ainda aguardavam a consulta especializada. Todas as consultas efetivadas foram para serviços localizados na capital do estado, distante 700 km. CONCLUSÃO: a garantia de acesso a consulta especializada apresentou-se fragilizada, com elevado tempo de espera, afetando diretamente a integralidade do cuidado.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Health education and social representation: an experience with the control of tegumentary leishmaniasis in an endemic area in Minas Gerais, Brazil Educação em saúde e representações sociais: uma experiência no controle da leishmaniose tegumentar em área endêmica de Minas Gerais, Brasil
- Author
-
Dener Carlos dos Reis, Andréa Gazzinelli, Carolina Angélica de Brito Silva, and Maria Flávia Gazzinelli
- Subjects
Educação em Saúde ,Modelos Educacionais ,Leishmaniose ,Doenças Endêmicas ,Health Education ,Educational Models ,Leishmaniasis ,Endemic Diseases ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
This study was developed in an endemic area of tegumentary leishmaniasis in Minas Gerais, Brazil, with the objective of analyzing a health education process based on the social representations theory. The educational model was developed in two phases with 34 local residents. In the first phase, social representations of leishmaniasis were identified and analyzed. The second phase was based on the interaction between social representations and scientific knowledge. The results showed that social representations were structured in a central core by the terms "wound" and "mosquito" and in the peripheral system by the terms "mountains", "standing water", and "injection" related respectively to place, transmission, and treatment of the disease. We concluded that tegumentary leishmaniasis is viewed as a wound caused by a mosquito, portrayed by metaphors. The results of the second phase showed that social representations are systems that favor adherence to scientific knowledge, at times more rigidly in the central core, other times more flexibly when linked to the peripheral systems.Desenvolvido em uma área endêmica em leishmaniose tegumentar, zona rural de Minas Gerais, Brasil, este estudo pretendeu analisar um processo educacional em saúde fundamentado na Teoria das Representações Sociais. Este modelo educativo foi desenvolvido em duas fases e destinado a 34 moradores da localidade. Na primeira fase, foram identificadas e analisadas as representações sociais vinculadas à doença. A segunda fase consistiu na interação entre as representações sociais e o conhecimento científico. Os resultados da primeira fase identificaram que as representações sociais estavam estruturadas no núcleo central pelos termos "ferida" e "mosquito", e no sistema periférico pelos termos "serra", "água parada" e "injeção" relacionados, respectivamente, a lugar, transmissão e tratamento da doença. Para os pesquisados, a leishmaniose tegumentar se personifica em uma ferida do mosquito permeada de metáforas. Os resultados da segunda fase mostraram que as representações sociais são sistemas favoráveis ao "acolhimento" do conhecimento científico, ora mais resistente, quando ligado ao núcleo central, e ora mais flexível, quando ligado ao sistema periférico.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The impact of two education methods on knowledge of schistosomiasis transmission and prevention among schoolchildren in a rural community in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Author
-
Maria Flávia Gazzinelli, Dener Carlos dos Reis, Helmut Kloos, Gustavo Velásquez-Melendez, Izabela Rocha Dutra, and Andréa Gazzinelli
- Subjects
schistosomiasis ,health education ,evaluation models ,Brazil ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of using two health education approaches on knowledge of transmission and prevention of schistosomiasis of school children living in a rural endemic area in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The 87 children participating in the study were divided into three groups based on gender, age and presence or absence of Schistosoma mansoni infection. In the first group the social representation model and illness experience was used. In the second group, we used the cognitive model based on the transmission of information. The third group, the control group, did not receive any information related to schistosomiasis. Ten meetings were held with all three groups that received a pre-test prior to the beginning of the educational intervention and a post-test after the completion of the program. The results showed that knowledge levels in Group 1 increased significantly during the program in regard to transmission (p = 0.038) and prevention (p = 0.001) of schistosomiasis. Groups 2 and 3 did not show significant increase in knowledge between the two tests. These results indicate that health education models need to consider social representation and illness experience besides scientific knowledge in order to increase knowledge of schistosomiasis transmission and prevention.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Determinantes da mortalidade infantil em municípios do Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais, Brasil
- Author
-
Thania Aparecida Gomes da Silva Barbosa, Kellen Rosa Coelho, Gisele Nepomuceno de Andrade, Sonia Duarte de Azevedo Bittencourt, Maria do Carmo Leal, and Andréa Gazzinelli
- Subjects
Mortalidade Infantil ,Fatores Epidemiológicos ,Estudos de Casos e Controles ,Fatores de Risco ,Saúde da Criança ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
OBJETIVO: analisar os determinantes da mortalidade infantil nos municípios de Araçuaí, Joaíma, Jordânia e Novo Cruzeiro, localizados no Vale do Jequitinhonha-MG, Brasil. MÉTODOS: estudo caso-controle, sendo os casos 36 óbitos infantis ocorridos em 2008 e controles 72 nascidos vivos e que não evoluíram para óbito, sorteados aleatoriamente. Os dados demográficos e socioeconômicos, de antecedentes obstétricos maternos, atenção ao pré-natal e ao parto e condições biológicas das mães e recém-nascidos foram obtidos utilizando-se questionário estruturado com as mães. Análise de regressão logística hierarquizada foi realizada para avaliar a associação do óbito infantil com as variáveis do estudo. RESULTADOS: predominaram os óbitos no período neonatal (55%). Filhos de mulheres com história prévia de natimorto (p
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Distribution and Schistosoma mansoni infection of Biomphalaria glabrata in different habitats in a rural area in the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil: environmental and epidemiological aspects
- Author
-
Helmut Kloos, Liana Kanovaloff Janotti Passos, Philip LoVerde, Rodrigo Correa Oliveira, and Andréa Gazzinelli
- Subjects
Biomphalaria glabrata ,snail habitats ,environmental factors ,tilapia ,cattle ,Brazil ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
This paper examines the distribution and infection of Biomphalaria glabrata with Schistosoma mansoni in all aquatic snail habitats in a rural area in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in relation to physico/biotic and behavioral factors. Snail and environmental surveys were carried out semi-annually between July 2001 and November 2002 at 106 sites. Collected snails were examined in the laboratory for infection. B. glabrata densities were highest in overflow ponds, irrigation ponds, springs, canals and wells, and lowest in fishponds and water tanks. Snail densities were higher during the hot, rainy season except for streams and canals and were statistically associated with the presence of fish, pollution, and vegetation density. Tilapia fish and an unidentified Diptera larva were found to be predators of B. glabrata but ducks were not. Twenty-four of the 25 infected snails were collected in 2001(1.4% infection rate) and only one in 2002, after mass chemotherapy. The occurrence of B. glabrata in all 11 snail habitats both at and away from water contact sites studied indicates widespread risk of human infection in the study area. In spite of the strong association between B. glabrata and tilapia in fishponds we do not recommend its use in schistosomiasis control for ecological reasons and its relative inefficiency in streams and dams.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. A interdição da doença: uma construção cultural da esquistossomose em área endêmica, Minas Gerais, Brasil The interdiction of disease: a cultural construction of schistosomiasis in an endemic area in Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Author
-
Maria Flávia Gazzinelli, Andréa Gazzinelli, Regiane Veloso Santos, and Luiz Alberto Oliveira Gonçalves
- Subjects
Educação em Saúde ,Educação Ambiental ,Esquistossomose ,Health Education ,Environmental Education ,Schistosomiasis ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Desenvolvido em uma área endêmica em esquistossomose, zona rural de Minas Gerais, Brasil, este estudo pretendeu analisar a relação entre um Programa de Educação Ambiental e Saúde, e a postura dos sujeitos frente aos ambientes e à doença. O programa de educação implementado, destinou-se a professores e alunos da escola estadual do lugarejo de Boa União. Pautou-se em um importante dispositivo diferencial com relação aos programas mais usuais neste campo educacional, ao buscar uma perspectiva não puramente instrumental e cognitiva de conhecimento da realidade e da doença, mas uma abordagem na qual os sujeitos são levados a indagar e investigar juntos as suas percepções da realidade, dos ambientes e da doença. Ficou demonstrado que é a partir do conhecimento e reflexão acerca da experiência dos sujeitos com os ambientes e com a doença, experiência entendida aqui como campo onde se entrecruzam representações e práticas, aspectos objetivos e subjetivos, o racional e o empírico, que se obtém o confronto e ruptura cognitivos indispensáveis a uma mudança de postura dos sujeitos.This study was conducted in a rural area endemic for schistosomiasis in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The objective was to determine the relationship between an environmental and health education program for schistosomiasis, implemented for teachers and students from the state secondary school in the village of Boa União, and the subsequent actions of its participants in regards to the environment and the illness. An important difference in this program is its perspective that it is not merely the implementation of instrumental and cognitive knowledge of the environment and illness, but an approach in which subjects are asked to question and investigate their perception of reality, the environment, and the illness. The study demonstrated that a change in attitude could occur from reflection on one's experience in relation to both the environment and diseases endemic it.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Serological screening of the Schistosoma mansoni adult worm proteome.
- Author
-
Fernanda Ludolf, Paola R Patrocínio, Rodrigo Corrêa-Oliveira, Andréa Gazzinelli, Franco H Falcone, André Teixeira-Ferreira, Jonas Perales, Guilherme C Oliveira, and Rosiane A Silva-Pereira
- Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BACKGROUND: New interventions tools are a priority for schistosomiasis control and elimination, as the disease is still highly prevalent. The identification of proteins associated with active infection and protective immune response may constitute the basis for the development of a successful vaccine and could also indicate new diagnostic candidates. In this context, post-genomic technologies have been progressing, resulting in a more rational discovery of new biomarkers of resistance and antigens for diagnosis. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Two-dimensional electrophoresed Schistosoma mansoni adult worm protein extracts were probed with pooled sera of infected and non-infected (naturally resistant) individuals from a S. mansoni endemic area. A total of 47 different immunoreactive proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. Although the different pooled sera shared most of the immunoreactive protein spots, nine protein spots reacted exclusively with the serum pool of infected individuals, which correspond to annexin, major egg antigen, troponin T, filamin, disulphide-isomerase ER-60 precursor, actin and reticulocalbin. One protein spot, corresponding to eukaryotic translation elongation factor, reacted exclusively with the pooled sera of non-infected individuals living in the endemic area. Western blotting of two selected recombinant proteins, major egg antigen and hemoglobinase, showed a similar recognition pattern of that of the native protein. CONCLUDING/SIGNIFICANCE: Using a serological proteome analysis, a group of antigens related to the different infection status of the endemic area residents was identified and may be related to susceptibility or resistance to infection.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Educação e participação dos atores sociais no desenvolvimento de modelo de gestão do lixo em zona rural em Minas Gerais Education and participation of social actors in the development of a refuse management model in an rural area of Minas Gerais (Brazil)
- Author
-
MARIA FLÁVIA GAZZINELLI, ANDREIA LOPES, WESLEY PEREIRA, and ANDRÉA GAZZINELLI
- Subjects
educação ,gestão ambiental ,lixo ,education ,environmental management ,refuse ,Education (General) ,L7-991 - Abstract
Este trabalho relata o envolvimento dos atores sociais (professores, alunos e moradores) de uma localidade rural do Estado de Minas Gerais no desenvolvimento de um modelo de gestão participativa do lixo. Trata-se de uma experiência de educação e gestão ambiental que inclui: (a) levantamento das representações e do imaginário sobre o lixo; (b) pesquisa sobre o lixo da localidade e (c) elaboração participativa de um modelo de gestão do lixo. Pode-se situar os resultados da educação e gestão ambiental em três níveis: em primeiro lugar, das modificações físicas ligadas à limpeza da cidade; em segundo, da construção de um novo referencial de relação dos professores e alunos com o conhecimento e, em terceiro, da mudança de postura com relação aos ambientes. Por meio de depoimentos dos professores, relatos, desenhos, mapas cognitivos dos alunos e observações das modificações físicas ligadas à limpeza da localidade, constata-se que o modelo de educação ambiental, ao articular simultaneamente instrumentos analíticos, que envolvem pesquisa e conhecimento da problemática estudada e produtores de subjetividade, cuja ênfase situa-se na relação com o ambiente nos planos figurativo e simbólico, pode favorecer aos indivíduos a criação de espaços de autonomia que lhes permitem agir como sujeitos em seus ambientes.This work reports on the involvement of social actors (teachers and students) from a rural area en the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in the development of a program for participative management of city refuse. This program of education and environmental management included: a) investigation of teachers and students representations' about refuse; b) research about the city´s refuse situation; c) development of a participative program of local refuse management. We present results from three levels: a) observations of improvements about the city´s refuse situation; b) construction of new parameters in the relationship between teachers and students with their knowledge; c) change in the teachers and students attitudes' towards the environment. Through the written work, drawings and cognitive maps of students, and observations of improvements in the cleanliness of the local environment, we conclude that this program which involves research and analysis of the environmental problems, with subjectivity producing instruments can contribute to the organization of spaces of autonomy which enable individuals to modify their environment.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Sociocultural aspects of schistosomiasis mansoni in an endemic area in Minas Gerais, Brazil Aspectos sócio-culturais da esquistossomose mansoni em área endêmica de Minas Gerais, Brasil
- Author
-
Andréa Gazzinelli, Maria Flávia Gazzinelli, Matilde Miranda Cadete, Samuel Pena Filho, Ilcéia Ribeiro Sá, and Helmut Kloos
- Subjects
Schistosoma mansoni ,Fatores Sócio-culturais ,Educação em Saúde ,Conhecimentos ,Sociocultural Factors ,Health Education ,Knowledge ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
A study to determine the sociocultural factors influencing knowledge, attitudes, and practices of individuals from a small community toward Schistosoma mansoni infection was carried out in an endemic area in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study used qualitative approaches to collect data from school-aged children and teachers. Specific findings were that the individuals interviewed were aware of the disease, but also held inaccurate popular beliefs about transmission. Misconceptions coexisted with accurate knowledge both in children and teachers. The disease was not seen as a major health problem and did not affect their activities since it did not cause severe symptoms in most of the individuals. Although the majority of the participants related transmission to water and lack of sanitation, they did not take any preventive measures since their subsistence is highly dependent on irrigation, farming, fishing, and other essential work that is directly related to water activities. The authors discuss the development of a health education program based on the knowledge and perception of individuals about the disease and its determinants as being important for the context and behavioral change.Este estudo foi realizado em área endêmica do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, com o objetivo de determinar os fatores sócio-culturais que influenciam o conhecimento, as atitudes e práticas dos indivíduos da comunidade em relação a esquistossomose mansoni. Os resultados mostraram que tanto crianças quanto professores conhecem a doença e possuem concepções corretas e incorretas sobre a transmissão. A doença não é vista como um problema importante de saúde pública e não afeta as atividades pelo fato de não causar sintomas graves na maior parte da população. Apesar da maioria dos entrevistados relacionar a transmissão da doença à água e falta de saneamento básico, não utiliza nenhuma medida preventiva para evitar a infecção, tendo em vista que sua subsistência depende em grande parte da agricultura, pesca e outras atividades relacionadas à água. Neste trabalho, os autores discutem o desenvolvimento de um programa de educação em saúde baseado na percepção e conhecimento dos indivíduos sobre a doença e seus determinantes como sendo de utilidade para a modificação não só do seu comportamento mas também do contexto.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Domestic water use in a rural village in Minas Gerais, Brazil, with an emphasis on spatial patterns, sharing of water, and factors in water use Utilização doméstica de água em comunidade rural de Minas Gerais, Brasil e sua relação com fatores sócio econômicos, ambientais, e espaciais
- Author
-
Andréa Gazzinelli, Márcia Christina C. Souza, Iara Nascimento, Ilcéia Ribeiro Sá, Matilde Meire Miranda Cadete, and Helmut Kloos
- Subjects
Consumo Doméstico de Água ,Abastecimento Rural de Água ,Quantidade de Água ,Domestic Water Consumption ,Rural Water Supply ,Water Quantity ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between domestic water use and socioeconomic, environmental, and spatial parameters at the household level in a small rural village in northern Minas Gerais State. Five methods are used direct observation, household interviews, self-reporting by households, regression analysis, and statistical mapping. Results show that water use is characterized by 1) generally low but widely fluctuating values per person per day, 2) sharing of water sources between households, 3) the use of multiple sources by individual households, 4) avoidance of heavily contaminated stream sites, and 5) predominance of socioeconomic factors in water use. Households owning their own water supply used, on average, 25.3 liters per person/day and those without a supply 9.0 l, with higher use of the local streams among the latter. Water use varied spatially. The socioeconomic factors house quality, latrine ownership, type of water source, and a utility index were significantly correlated with water use. Implications of these simple household water sources and the more deficient sanitary facilities for potential water-borne disease transmission are briefly discussed and suggestions made for further improvements. This study confirms the appropriateness of the application of direct observation, interview, and microgeographical methods for quantitative water use studies.Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a relação da utilização doméstica de água com fatores sócio-econômicos, ambientais e espaciais em comunidade rural do nordeste de Minas Gerais. Utilizamos observação direta, entrevistas, questionário, análise de regressão e mapas estatísticos. Os resultados mostraram que a utilização da água é caracterizada por 1) valores geralmente baixos mas altamente flutuantes por pessoa/dia; 2) uso comum das fontes de água entre famílias; 3) uso de várias fontes de água; 4) não utilização de locais altamente contaminados dos córregos e 5) predominância de fatores sócio-econômicos. Os domicílios que possuem fonte própria de água utilizaram, em média, 25,3 litros por pessoa/dia e aqueles sem fonte própria, 9,0 l, com o último grupo utilizando mais as águas dos córregos. O uso de água apresentou, ainda, variação espacial. Os fatores sócio-econômicos, condições de moradia, presença de fossa, tipo de água e índice de bens de consumo foram relacionados significativamente ao uso de água. Os dados sugerem uma relação entre fonte de água, condições sanitárias e a ocorrência de doenças transmitidas pela água. Este estudo confirma a adequação dos métodos microgeográficos, de observação direta e de entrevista para os estudos quantitativos sobre utilização de água.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Microgeographical patterns of schistosomiasis and water contact behavior; examples from Africa and Brazil
- Author
-
Helmut Kloos, Andréa Gazzinelli, and Paul Van Zuyle
- Subjects
schistosomiasis ,water contact behavior ,geographical aspects ,Brazil ,Egypt ,Kenya ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
This paper examines the results of spatial (microgeographical) water contact/schistosomiasis studies in two African (Egyptian and Kenyan) and one Brazilian communities. All three studies used traditional cartographic and statistical methods but one of them emploeyd also GIS (geographical information systems) tools. The advantage of GIS and their potential role in schistosomiasis control are briefly described. The three cases revealed considerable variation in the spatial distribution of water contact, transmission parameters and infection levels at the household and individual levels. All studies showed considerable variation in the prevalence and intensity of infection between households. They also show a variable influence of distance on water contact behavior associated with type of activity, age, sex, socioeconomic level, perception of water quality, season and availability of water in the home. Water contact behavior and schistosomiasis were evaluated in the Brazilian village of Nova União within the context of water sharing between household and age/sex groups. Recommendations are made for further spatial studies on the transmission and control of schistosomiasis.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Induction of CD4(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells during human hookworm infection modulates antigen-mediated lymphocyte proliferation.
- Author
-
Natasha Delaqua Ricci, Jacqueline Araújo Fiúza, Lilian Lacerda Bueno, Guilherme Grossi Lopes Cançado, Pedro Henrique Gazzinelli-Guimarães, Virgillio Gandra Martins, Leonardo Ferreira Matoso, Rodrigo Rodrigues Cambraia de Miranda, Stefan Michael Geiger, Rodrigo Correa-Oliveira, Andréa Gazzinelli, Daniella Castanheira Bartholomeu, and Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara
- Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Hookworm infection is considered one of the most important poverty-promoting neglected tropical diseases, infecting 576 to 740 million people worldwide, especially in the tropics and subtropics. These blood-feeding nematodes have a remarkable ability to downmodulate the host immune response, protecting themselves from elimination and minimizing severe host pathology. While several mechanisms may be involved in the immunomodulation by parasitic infection, experimental evidences have pointed toward the possible involvement of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in downregulating effector T-cell responses upon chronic infection. However, the role of Tregs cells in human hookworm infection is still poorly understood and has not been addressed yet. In the current study we observed an augmentation of circulating CD4(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells in hookworm-infected individuals compared with healthy non-infected donors. We have also demonstrated that infected individuals present higher levels of circulating Treg cells expressing CTLA-4, GITR, IL-10, TGF-β and IL-17. Moreover, we showed that hookworm crude antigen stimulation reduces the number of CD4(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+) T regulatory cells co-expressing IL-17 in infected individuals. Finally, PBMCs from infected individuals pulsed with excreted/secreted products or hookworm crude antigens presented an impaired cellular proliferation, which was partially augmented by the depletion of Treg cells. Our results suggest that Treg cells may play an important role in hookworm-induced immunosuppression, contributing to the longevity of hookworm survival in infected people.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Sociocultural aspects of schistosomiasis mansoni in an endemic area in Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Author
-
Andréa Gazzinelli, Maria Flávia Gazzinelli, Matilde Miranda Cadete, Samuel Pena Filho, Ilcéia Ribeiro Sá, and Helmut Kloos
- Subjects
Schistosoma mansoni ,Fatores Sócio-culturais ,Educação em Saúde ,Conhecimentos ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
A study to determine the sociocultural factors influencing knowledge, attitudes, and practices of individuals from a small community toward Schistosoma mansoni infection was carried out in an endemic area in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study used qualitative approaches to collect data from school-aged children and teachers. Specific findings were that the individuals interviewed were aware of the disease, but also held inaccurate popular beliefs about transmission. Misconceptions coexisted with accurate knowledge both in children and teachers. The disease was not seen as a major health problem and did not affect their activities since it did not cause severe symptoms in most of the individuals. Although the majority of the participants related transmission to water and lack of sanitation, they did not take any preventive measures since their subsistence is highly dependent on irrigation, farming, fishing, and other essential work that is directly related to water activities. The authors discuss the development of a health education program based on the knowledge and perception of individuals about the disease and its determinants as being important for the context and behavioral change.
22. Educação em saúde: conhecimentos, representações sociais e experiências da doença
- Author
-
Maria Flávia Gazzinelli, Andréa Gazzinelli, Dener Carlos dos Reis, and Cláudia Maria de Mattos Penna
- Subjects
health education ,health knowledge, attitudes, practice ,behavior ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Este artigo discute a teoria e prática da educação e saúde. Parte da idéia da hegemonia, na prática pedagógica em saúde, de estratégias ligadas à noção de que a apreensão de saber instituído sempre leva à aquisição de novos comportamentos e práticas. Diferentes axiomas têm norteado as práticas de educação e saúde em momentos distintos e/ou justapostos. O primeiro axioma volta-se para a idéia da superação da relação de determinação dos conhecimentos sobre as práticas; o segundo refere-se à relação de determinação das representações sobre as práticas; o terceiro vincula-se à análise das representações dentro do tradicional quadro de erros e acertos; o quarto trata da relação de reciprocidade entre as representações e as práticas; e o quinto se traduz na importância de se considerarem as práticas como passíveis de reelaboração pelas representações, apontando assim o lugar da experiência no entendimento dos processos de adoecimento dos sujeitos, bem como a forma como culturalmente constroem a doença. O artigo destaca a necessidade de se buscar uma articulação entre as representações sociais e a experiência da doença nas práticas educativas em saúde.
23. A interdição da doença: uma construção cultural da esquistossomose em área endêmica, Minas Gerais, Brasil
- Author
-
Maria Flávia Gazzinelli, Andréa Gazzinelli, Regiane Veloso Santos, and Luiz Alberto Oliveira Gonçalves
- Subjects
health education ,environmental education ,schistosomiasis ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Desenvolvido em uma área endêmica em esquistossomose, zona rural de Minas Gerais, Brasil, este estudo pretendeu analisar a relação entre um Programa de Educação Ambiental e Saúde, e a postura dos sujeitos frente aos ambientes e à doença. O programa de educação implementado, destinou-se a professores e alunos da escola estadual do lugarejo de Boa União. Pautou-se em um importante dispositivo diferencial com relação aos programas mais usuais neste campo educacional, ao buscar uma perspectiva não puramente instrumental e cognitiva de conhecimento da realidade e da doença, mas uma abordagem na qual os sujeitos são levados a indagar e investigar juntos as suas percepções da realidade, dos ambientes e da doença. Ficou demonstrado que é a partir do conhecimento e reflexão acerca da experiência dos sujeitos com os ambientes e com a doença, experiência entendida aqui como campo onde se entrecruzam representações e práticas, aspectos objetivos e subjetivos, o racional e o empírico, que se obtém o confronto e ruptura cognitivos indispensáveis a uma mudança de postura dos sujeitos.
24. Grau de integração da Atenção Primária à Saúde de município de pequeno porte na Rede de Atenção à Saúde
- Author
-
Ed Wilson Vieira and Andréa Gazzinelli
- Subjects
Integration of Systems ,Evaluation of Health Services ,Primary Care ,Health Care ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Resumo A integração da atenção à saúde tem representado importante desafio na prestação de cuidados à saúde. Mas, estudos brasileiros ainda não a avaliaram de forma objetiva e consideraram, apenas, o contexto de grandes municípios em suas análises. Diante disso, o objetivo deste estudo foi mensurar o grau de integração (GI) da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) na Rede de Atenção à Saúde (RAS) em município de pequeno porte. Para tal, elaborou-se, a partir da literatura científica e de recomendações técnicas sobre o tema, uma matriz com 25 indicadores, acompanhados dos respectivos parâmetros de avaliação e pontuados com zero a três pontos. Para responder aos indicadores, pontuando-os, questionários foram aplicados a profissionais de saúde. Além disso, formulários de encaminhamentos para consultas e exames especializados na RAS foram analisados. A partir da pontuação atribuída aos indicadores, o GI foi calculado pela relação entre a soma dos pontos recebidos e o total de pontos esperados, multiplicado por 10. A extensão do GI foi interpretada considerando a integração como um contínuo. Os resultados evidenciaram pontuação média por indicador muito baixa. O GI atingiu o escore 3,86, indicando pouca integração da APS na RAS, revelando indicadores críticos e dificuldades para a integração em município de pequeno porte.
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. A interdição da doença: uma construção cultural da esquistossomose em área endêmica, Minas Gerais, Brasil
- Author
-
Maria Flávia Gazzinelli, Andréa Gazzinelli, Regiane Veloso Santos, and Luiz Alberto Oliveira Gonçalves
- Subjects
Health Education ,Environmental Education ,Schistosomiasis ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Desenvolvido em uma área endêmica em esquistossomose, zona rural de Minas Gerais, Brasil, este estudo pretendeu analisar a relação entre um Programa de Educação Ambiental e Saúde, e a postura dos sujeitos frente aos ambientes e à doença. O programa de educação implementado, destinou-se a professores e alunos da escola estadual do lugarejo de Boa União. Pautou-se em um importante dispositivo diferencial com relação aos programas mais usuais neste campo educacional, ao buscar uma perspectiva não puramente instrumental e cognitiva de conhecimento da realidade e da doença, mas uma abordagem na qual os sujeitos são levados a indagar e investigar juntos as suas percepções da realidade, dos ambientes e da doença. Ficou demonstrado que é a partir do conhecimento e reflexão acerca da experiência dos sujeitos com os ambientes e com a doença, experiência entendida aqui como campo onde se entrecruzam representações e práticas, aspectos objetivos e subjetivos, o racional e o empírico, que se obtém o confronto e ruptura cognitivos indispensáveis a uma mudança de postura dos sujeitos.
26. Sociocultural aspects of schistosomiasis mansoni in an endemic area in Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Author
-
Andréa Gazzinelli, Maria Flávia Gazzinelli, Matilde Miranda Cadete, Samuel Pena Filho, Ilcéia Ribeiro Sá, and Helmut Kloos
- Subjects
schistosoma mansoni ,fatores sócio-culturais ,educação em saúde ,conhecimentos ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
A study to determine the sociocultural factors influencing knowledge, attitudes, and practices of individuals from a small community toward Schistosoma mansoni infection was carried out in an endemic area in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study used qualitative approaches to collect data from school-aged children and teachers. Specific findings were that the individuals interviewed were aware of the disease, but also held inaccurate popular beliefs about transmission. Misconceptions coexisted with accurate knowledge both in children and teachers. The disease was not seen as a major health problem and did not affect their activities since it did not cause severe symptoms in most of the individuals. Although the majority of the participants related transmission to water and lack of sanitation, they did not take any preventive measures since their subsistence is highly dependent on irrigation, farming, fishing, and other essential work that is directly related to water activities. The authors discuss the development of a health education program based on the knowledge and perception of individuals about the disease and its determinants as being important for the context and behavioral change.
27. Conhecimento de crianças sobre o termo de assentimento livre e esclarecido
- Author
-
Lucas Lobato, Andréa Gazzinelli, Lorena Scarpelli Pedroso, Roberta Barbosa, Fabricia Madalena Meira Santos, and Maria Flávia Gazzinelli
- Subjects
Informed consent ,Research ,ethics ,Child-Adolescent-Comprehension ,Bioethics ,Medical philosophy. Medical ethics ,R723-726 - Abstract
Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever o conhecimento de crianças e adolescentes sobre as informações divulgadas pelo termo de assentimento em pesquisa clínica pediátrica, além de relatar as atitudes dos participantes. Trata-se de estudo experimental com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em municípios do Nordeste de Minas Gerais com 142 participantes de 7 a 15 anos, escolhidos para estudo clínico sobre esquistossomose. Essas crianças e adolescentes participaram do processo de assentimento, com a utilização do termo correspondente. Avaliaram-se os participantes com questionário semiestruturado. O conhecimento médio dos participantes sobre as informações da pesquisa foi 41,22%, com apenas 1,4% apresentando alto grau de conhecimento. Concluiu-se que a maioria das crianças desconhece as informações sobre a investigação e seus direitos enquanto participantes de pesquisa.
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Domestic water use in a rural village in Minas Gerais, Brazil, with an emphasis on spatial patterns, sharing of water, and factors in water use
- Author
-
Andréa Gazzinelli, Márcia Christina C. Souza, Iara Nascimento, Ilcéia Ribeiro Sá, Matilde Meire Miranda Cadete, and Helmut Kloos
- Subjects
domestic water consumption ,rural water supply ,water quantity ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between domestic water use and socioeconomic, environmental, and spatial parameters at the household level in a small rural village in northern Minas Gerais State. Five methods are used direct observation, household interviews, self-reporting by households, regression analysis, and statistical mapping. Results show that water use is characterized by 1) generally low but widely fluctuating values per person per day, 2) sharing of water sources between households, 3) the use of multiple sources by individual households, 4) avoidance of heavily contaminated stream sites, and 5) predominance of socioeconomic factors in water use. Households owning their own water supply used, on average, 25.3 liters per person/day and those without a supply 9.0 l, with higher use of the local streams among the latter. Water use varied spatially. The socioeconomic factors house quality, latrine ownership, type of water source, and a utility index were significantly correlated with water use. Implications of these simple household water sources and the more deficient sanitary facilities for potential water-borne disease transmission are briefly discussed and suggestions made for further improvements. This study confirms the appropriateness of the application of direct observation, interview, and microgeographical methods for quantitative water use studies.
29. Anthropometric indicators associated with high blood pressure in children living in urban and rural areas
- Author
-
Gisele Nepomuceno de, Andrade, Leonardo Ferreira, Matoso, Jhon Wesley Bragança, Miranda, Túlio Fonseca de, Lima, Andréa, Gazzinelli, and Ed Wilson, Vieira
- Subjects
Male ,Rural Population ,Índice de Masa Corporal ,Urban Population ,Circunferência da Cintura ,Índice de Massa Corporal ,Blood Pressure ,Salud Pública ,Saúde Pública ,Body Mass Index ,Circunferencia de la Cintura ,Risk Factors ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Arterial Pressure ,Child ,Anthropometry ,Saúde da Criança ,Artigo Original ,Child Health ,Presión Arterial ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Antropometría ,Hypertension ,Female ,Salud del Niño ,Public Health ,Pressão Arterial ,Waist Circumference ,Brazil ,Antropometria - Abstract
to evaluate anthropometric and demographic indicators associated with high blood pressure in children aged 6 to 10 years in urban and rural areas of Minas Gerais.this is a cross-sectional study with 335 children. Anthropometric, demographic and blood pressure data were collected. The statistics analyzes were performed using the chi-square, t-student, Mann-Whitney and logistic regression tests, and the odds ratio was the association measure.the prevalence of high blood pressure was significantly higher among rural children. In the urban area, the chance of high blood pressure was higher in children who had a high body mass index (2.97 [1.13-7.67]) and in the rural area, in those who had increased waist circumference (35.4 [3.0-406.2]) and the age range of 9-10 years (4.29 [1.46-12.6]).elevated body mass index and waist circumference were important anthropometric indicators for high blood pressure, as well as age in children living in rural area. The evaluation of body mass index and waist circumference, in addition to nutritional assessments, represents an important action for the screening of high blood pressure in children from different territorial contexts.avaliar indicadores antropométricos e demográficos associados à pressão arterial elevada em crianças de 6 a 10 anos de idade de áreas urbana e rural de Minas Gerais.estudo transversal realizado com 335 crianças. Foram coletados dados antropométricos, demográficos e de pressão arterial. As análises foram realizadas por meio dos testes Qui-quadrado, t student, Mann-Whitney e regressão logística, com cálculo do odds ratio como medida de associação.a prevalência de pressão arterial elevada foi significativamente maior entre as crianças da área rural. Na área urbana, a chance de pressão arterial elevada foi maior nas crianças que possuíam o índice de massa corporal elevado (2,97 [1,13-7,67]) e, na área rural, naquelas que possuíam a circunferência da cintura aumentada (35,4 [3,0-406,2]) e faixa etária de 9-10 anos (4,29 [1,46-12,6]).o índice de massa corporal e a circunferência da cintura elevados foram importantes indicadores antropométricos para a pressão arterial elevada, assim como a idade em crianças residentes na área rural. A avaliação do índice de massa corporal e da circunferência da cintura, para além das avaliações nutricionais, representa importante ação para o rastreio de pressão arterial elevada em crianças de diferentes contextos territoriais.evaluar los indicadores antropométricos y demográficos asociados a la presión arterial elevada de niños entre 6 y 10 años de edad en zonas urbana y rurale de Minas Gerais.se trata de un estudio transversal realizado entre 335 niños. Se recopilaron datos antropométricos, demográficos y de presión arterial. Los análisis se realizaron con las pruebas de Chi-cuadrado, t de Student, Mann-Whitney y regresión logística, considerando el odds ratio como medida de asociación.la prevalencia de la presión arterial elevada era significativamente más alta entre los niños de las zonas rurales. En la zona urbana, la probabilidad era mayor en los niños con índice alto de masa corporal [2,97(1,13-7,67)] y en la zona rural, en los que tenían más perímetro de cintura [35,4(3,0-406,2)] y grupo de edad de 9-10 años [4,29(1,46-12,6)].el índice de masa corporal y la circunferencia de la cintura altos fueron indicadores antropométricos importantes para la presión arterial elevada, así como la edad en niños residentes de la zona rural. La evaluación del índice de masa corporal y del perímetro de la cintura, además de las evaluaciones nutricionales, son factores importantes para el sondeo de la hipertensión arterial en niños de diferentes contextos territoriales.
- Published
- 2018
30. Avaliação da relação entre clamídia e gonorreia em associação ao papilomavírus humano no desenvolvimento da neoplasia intraepitelial cervical e o carcinoma de colo uterino
- Author
-
Dantés, Andréa Gazzinelli Castro, Lima, Maria Inês de Miranda, and Simões, Renata Toscano
- Subjects
Ciências da Saúde ,Cofatores ,Chlamydia trachomatis ,Papilomavírus humano ,Neisseria gonorrhoeae - Abstract
Algumas infecções vaginais, como as vaginoses e a infecção por C. Trachomatis, foram associadas ao desenvolvimento de hipertrofia cervical e metaplasia escamosa, indicando uma possível relação com o HPV no desenvolvimento das NICs e carcinoma escamoso do colo uterino. Há na literatura alguns estudos sobre o assunto, ainda sem um consenso definitivo. Nesse sentido, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a presença de C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae e do papilomavírus humano e suas relações com as lesões cervicais em amostras de citologia cervical, casos e controles, obtidas no ambulatório de ginecologia, do Centro de Especialidades Médicas da Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte. A detecção e genotipagem do HPV, além da detecção da C. trachomatis e N. gonorrhoeaea foram realizadas pela técnica de PCR. Das 186 amostras obtidas, 79 eram o grupo controle e 107 eram do grupo dos casos, portadoras de lesão cervical (38 baixo grau,44 alto grau e 25 CCE). A prevalência de HPV foi 67,7%, da clamídia 19,9% e da gonorreia 3,6%. Os genótipos do HPV mais encontrados foram o HPV 16, 59 e 45. A infecção por mais de um genótipo viral teve associação positiva com a presença de lesões cervicais em geral, e especificamente com lesões de alto grau e câncer. Não houve associação com lesões de baixo grau. As infecções por clamídia e gonorréia, mesmo em associação com HPV, não resultaram em aumento de alterações cervicais. A infecção por N. gonorrhoeaea teve 100% de coinfecção com C.trachomatis, com OR de 5,8 (p
- Published
- 2017
31. Prevalência da síndrome metabólica e seus fatores associados em área rural de Minas Gerais (MG, Brasil) Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors in a rural area of Minas Gerais State (MG, Brazil)
- Author
-
Adriano Marçal Pimenta, Andréa Gazzinelli, and Gustavo Velásquez-Meléndez
- Subjects
Inflammation ,Síndrome x metabólica ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Resistência à insulina ,Insulin resistance ,Alcohol drinking ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Consumo de bebidas alcoólicas ,Inflamação ,Obesidade ,Metabolic syndrome x ,Rural population ,Obesity ,População rural - Abstract
OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência da síndrome metabólica (SM) e seus fatores associados em área rural de Minas Gerais. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de base populacional, conduzido nas comunidades rurais de Virgem das Graças e Caju, Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais. Foram coletas informações sobre características demográficas, do estilo de vida, antropométricas, bioquímicas e hemodinâmicas de 534 participantes adultos. A SM foi definida segundo critérios estabelecidos pela National Cholesterol Education Program - Adult Treatment Panel III. Associações independentes entre as covariáveis e a SM foram avaliadas usando-se a regressão multivariada de Poisson com variâncias robustas. O nível de significância estatística foi estabelecido em 5,0%. RESULTADOS: A SM estava presente em 14,9% dos participantes. O sexo feminino, a obesidade, a inflamação crônica subclínica, a resistência à insulina, a idade e o consumo moderado de bebida alcoólica permaneceram independentemente associados à SM. CONCLUSÕES: Na população rural estudada, a SM era problema de Saúde Pública, associada a fatores modificáveis. Portanto, medidas preventivas primárias poderiam ser usadas para diminuir a prevalência deste agravo e o seu impacto na saúde das pessoas.OBJECTIVE: To estimate the metabolic syndrome (MS) prevalence and its associated factors in rural communities of Minas Gerais State. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional and populational based study, conducted in Virgem das Graças and Caju, which are located in Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais State. Information on demographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, biochemical and hemodynamic characteristics were collected of 534 adults. The MS was defined according to National Cholesterol Education Program - Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The independent associations between co-variables and MS were evaluated using the multivariate Poisson regression with robust variances. The statistical level of significance was set at 5.0%. RESULTS: MS was diagnosed in 14.9% of the subjects. Female sex, obesity, chronic subclinical inflammation, insulin resistance, age, and moderate alcohol consumption remained independently associated with MS. CONCLUSIONS: In a rural population studied, MS was a Public Health concern, associated with modifiable factors. Therefore, primary preventive actions could be used to reduce the prevalence of this disease and its impact on people's health.
- Published
- 2011
32. Educação em saúde: conhecimentos, representações sociais e experiências da doença Health education: knowledge, social representation, and illness
- Author
-
Maria Flávia Gazzinelli, Andréa Gazzinelli, Dener Carlos dos Reis, and Cláudia Maria de Mattos Penna
- Subjects
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,Behavior ,Comportamento ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Educação em Saúde ,lcsh:R ,lcsh:Medicine ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde ,Health Education - Abstract
Este artigo discute a teoria e prática da educação e saúde. Parte da idéia da hegemonia, na prática pedagógica em saúde, de estratégias ligadas à noção de que a apreensão de saber instituído sempre leva à aquisição de novos comportamentos e práticas. Diferentes axiomas têm norteado as práticas de educação e saúde em momentos distintos e/ou justapostos. O primeiro axioma volta-se para a idéia da superação da relação de determinação dos conhecimentos sobre as práticas; o segundo refere-se à relação de determinação das representações sobre as práticas; o terceiro vincula-se à análise das representações dentro do tradicional quadro de erros e acertos; o quarto trata da relação de reciprocidade entre as representações e as práticas; e o quinto se traduz na importância de se considerarem as práticas como passíveis de reelaboração pelas representações, apontando assim o lugar da experiência no entendimento dos processos de adoecimento dos sujeitos, bem como a forma como culturalmente constroem a doença. O artigo destaca a necessidade de se buscar uma articulação entre as representações sociais e a experiência da doença nas práticas educativas em saúde.This article discusses the theory and practice of health and education, beginning with the notion of the hegemony (in health education practice) of strategies linked to the notion that to grasp established knowledge always leads to the acquisition of new behaviors and practices. Five different axioms have oriented education and health practices, either juxtaposed or at different moments: (1) the notion of overcoming the determination of knowledge over practices; (2) the determination of representations over practices; (3) the analysis of representations within the traditional framework of right and wrong; (4) reciprocity between representations and practices; and (5) the importance of considering practices amenable to re-elaboration through representations, thus situating experience in understanding subjects' illness processes, as well as the way subjects culturally construct illness. The article highlights the need for a link between social representations and illness-as-experience in health education practices.
- Published
- 2005
33. Qualidade das práticas de profissionais dos programas de controle de infecção no Brasil: estudo transversal
- Author
-
André Luiz Silva Alvim, Bráulio Roberto Marinho Gonçalves Couto, and Andrea Gazzinelli
- Subjects
Controle de Infecções ,Programa de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar ,Segurança do Paciente ,Serviços de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a qualidade das práticas de profissionais dos programas de controle de infecção em relação aos componentes de estrutura, processo e resultado. Método Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem quantitativa, do tipo descritivo e transversal realizado em 114 serviços de controle de infecção hospitalar das cinco regiões oficiais do Brasil. Coletaram-se os dados por meio de um instrumento estruturado, cujas propriedades psicométricas foram validadas previamente. O tratamento dos dados foi realizado pela análise de componentes principais e o teste não paramétrico Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados O melhor índice de qualidade dos programas de controle de infecção foi atribuído à região Sul, aos hospitais que continham 300 leitos ou mais, aos que utilizavam o critério National Healthcare Safety Network para vigilância das infecções e aos locais que realizavam busca ativa prospectiva como método de vigilância. Conclusão e implicações para a prática O índice de qualidade dos programas de controle de infecção está relacionado à localização, ao tamanho do hospital e ao método adotado para vigilância de infecções. A criação de um índice de qualidade, até então inédito em estudos nacionais, chama atenção para o desempenho precário dos serviços de saúde.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The role of environmental enteric dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Schistosoma mansoni-associated morbidity in school-aged children.
- Author
-
Jacqueline Araújo Fiuza, Susannah Colt, Letícia Gambogi de Ornellas, Leonardo Ferreira Matoso, Andrea Gazzinelli, Jennifer F Friedman, and Rodrigo Corrêa-Oliveira
- Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundStudies have implicated schistosomiasis as a cause of intestinal barrier disruption, a salient feature of environmental enteric dysfunction (EED), as eggs translocate from the sterile bloodstream through the gut wall. We examined the longitudinal impact of praziquantel (PZQ) treatment on a) EED biomarkers and b) Insulin growth factor I (IGF-1), a key driver of childhood linear growth, since EED has been implicated in linear growth stunting.Methodology290 children infected with S. mansoni in Brazil were treated with PZQ at baseline. EED biomarkers lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and intestinal fatty acid binding-protein (I-FABP) were measured, as well as IGF-1 at baseline, 6 and 12-months. Multivariate regression analysis was applied to assess associations between S. mansoni intensity and plasma biomarkers (LPS, I-FABP, and IGF-1), controlling for potential confounding variables.Principal findingsAt baseline, S. mansoni infection intensities were 27.2% light, 46.9% moderate, and 25.9% heavy. LPS concentrations were significantly reduced at the 12-month visit compared to baseline (p = 0.0002). No longitudinal changes were observed for I-FABP or IGF-1 in the 6- or 12-month periods following baseline treatment. After 6-months, I-FABP concentration was significantly higher in high vs low intensity (p = 0.0017). IGF-1 concentrations were significantly lower among children with high and moderate vs low intensity infections at each study visit.Conclusions/significanceWe report that S. mansoni infection impacts LPS, I-FABP and IGF-1. These findings suggest a mechanistic role for EED in schistosomiasis-related morbidities, particularly linear growth.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. [Knowledge and willingness to participate in research: a descriptive study of volunteers in a clinical trial]
- Author
-
Lucas, Lobato, Maria Flávia, Gazzinelli, Andréa, Gazzinelli, and Amanda Nathale, Soares
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Clinical Trials as Topic ,Informed Consent ,Adolescent ,Middle Aged ,Young Adult ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Patient Education as Topic ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Humans ,Female ,Patient Participation ,Comprehension ,Brazil - Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate volunteers' knowledge of the information on the free informed consent form and their willingness to participate in a clinical trial. This was a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in November 2011 with subjects from a clinical trial in Americaninhas, northeast Minas Gerais State, Brazil. A convenience sample included 143 adults of both sexes, 18 to 45 years of age. A structured questionnaire was applied one week after signing the free informed consent form. Most participants signed the free informed consent without sufficient knowledge of the research information and were influenced in their decision to participate in the trial. The authors conclude that signing the free informed consent form fails to express all participants' autonomy in clinical trials.
- Published
- 2013
36. Adult physical activity levels and associated factors in rural communities of Minas Gerais State, Brazil
- Author
-
Paula Gonçalves, Bicalho, Pedro Curi, Hallal, Andréa, Gazzinelli, Alan Goularte, Knuth, and Gustavo, Velásquez-Meléndez
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Rural Population ,Adolescent ,Middle Aged ,Motor Activity ,Young Adult ,Leisure Activities ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Educational Status ,Humans ,Female ,Epidemiologic Methods ,Brazil - Abstract
To estimate the physical activity level and its association with sociodemographic factors in adults living in rural areas.Cross-sectional population study including 567 adults in two rural communities from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Southeastern Brazil, during the years of 2008 and 2009. Physical activity levels were assessed with the adapted long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. A cut-off point of 150 minutes per week was used in the analyses for the domains: occupational, household, leisure and commuting. The sociodemographic factors studied were sex, skin color, age, marital status, education and self-reported health. Bivariate analysis (chi-square test, p0.05) and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed.The prevalence of subjects practicing 150 min/wk or more of work related physical activity was 82.9% (95% CI: 77.8;88.0) of those currently working. The equivalent proportions for the other domains were: household 63.5% (95% CI: 59.6; 67.4); leisure time 10.1% (95% CI: 7.6;12.6) and commuting 32.0% (95% CI: 28.2;35.8%). Men were more active than women in leisure time, commuting and occupational domains, while women were more active in the household domain. Leisure time physical activity was more prevalent in younger subjects, those with higher levels of education and among those of black or mixed skin color. Commuting physical activity was more frequent among younger women and among men and women in excellent/good health. Men with higher level of schooling were less active in the commuting domain.The prevalence of physically active adults in this rural area was high, but the levels of leisure time physical activity were low and followed patterns similar to those observed in urban areas, in relation to age, sex and educational status.
- Published
- 2009
37. [Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors in a rural area of Minas Gerais State (MG, Brazil)]
- Author
-
Adriano Marçal, Pimenta, Andréa, Gazzinelli, and Gustavo, Velásquez-Meléndez
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Metabolic Syndrome ,Young Adult ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Adolescent ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Female ,Rural Health ,Middle Aged ,Brazil - Abstract
To estimate the metabolic syndrome (MS) prevalence and its associated factors in rural communities of Minas Gerais State.This is a cross-sectional and populational based study, conducted in Virgem das Graças and Caju, which are located in Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais State. Information on demographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, biochemical and hemodynamic characteristics were collected of 534 adults. The MS was defined according to National Cholesterol Education Program - Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The independent associations between co-variables and MS were evaluated using the multivariate Poisson regression with robust variances. The statistical level of significance was set at 5.0%.MS was diagnosed in 14.9% of the subjects. Female sex, obesity, chronic subclinical inflammation, insulin resistance, age, and moderate alcohol consumption remained independently associated with MS.In a rural population studied, MS was a Public Health concern, associated with modifiable factors. Therefore, primary preventive actions could be used to reduce the prevalence of this disease and its impact on people's health.
- Published
- 2009
38. [Factors associated with insulin resistence in rural populations]
- Author
-
Larissa Loures, Mendes, Andréa, Gazzinelli, and Gustavo, Velásquez-Meléndez
- Subjects
Adult ,Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,Rural Population ,Adolescent ,Blood Pressure ,Middle Aged ,Lipids ,Young Adult ,C-Reactive Protein ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Risk Factors ,Humans ,Insulin ,Body Weights and Measures ,Female ,Obesity ,Insulin Resistance ,Life Style ,Brazil ,Aged - Abstract
This study explores the relations of anthropometric, body composition assessments, biochemical and hemodynamic parameters with insulin resistance in two rural communities. Sample was composed by adults aged 18 or older, both sexes. Participants were excluded if pregnant and diabetic. Data collection included demographic lifestyle, hemodynamic, anthropometric and biochemical variables. From the 567 subjects, 50.4% were men and 49.6%, women. Most of the sample was non-white (75.7%), lived with partner (69.3%) and had low educational level. Overweight and obesity prevalences were 17.4% and 5.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis found risk factors associated to insulin resistance for non-diabetic adults with low income and educational level: overweight, obesity, elevated waist-to-hip ratio, C-reactive protein and skin color.
- Published
- 2008
39. [Health education: knowledge, social representation, and illness]
- Author
-
Maria Flávia, Gazzinelli, Andréa, Gazzinelli, Dener Carlos dos, Reis, and Cláudia Maria de Mattos, Penna
- Subjects
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,Social Perception ,Humans ,Disease ,Health Education - Abstract
This article discusses the theory and practice of health and education, beginning with the notion of the hegemony (in health education practice) of strategies linked to the notion that to grasp established knowledge always leads to the acquisition of new behaviors and practices. Five different axioms have oriented education and health practices, either juxtaposed or at different moments: (1) the notion of overcoming the determination of knowledge over practices; (2) the determination of representations over practices; (3) the analysis of representations within the traditional framework of right and wrong; (4) reciprocity between representations and practices; and (5) the importance of considering practices amenable to re-elaboration through representations, thus situating experience in understanding subjects' illness processes, as well as the way subjects culturally construct illness. The article highlights the need for a link between social representations and illness-as-experience in health education practices.
- Published
- 2005
40. Transmission of Helicobacter pylori infection in families of preschool-aged children from Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Author
-
Gifone Aguiar, Rocha, Andreia Maria Camargos, Rocha, Luciana Diniz, Silva, Adriana, Santos, Ana Carolina Dias, Bocewicz, Renata de Magalhães, Queiroz Rd, Jeffrey, Bethony, Andréa, Gazzinelli, Rodrigo, Corrêa-Oliveira, and Dulciene Maria Magalhães, Queiroz
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Helicobacter pylori ,Infant ,Rural Health ,Middle Aged ,Helicobacter Infections ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Child, Preschool ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Family ,Female ,Child ,Brazil ,Aged - Abstract
We evaluated the role of the family in the transmission of Helicobacter pylori infection in preschool-aged children from a rural district in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Sixty-six families (66 index children, 63 mothers, 60 fathers and 134 siblings), defined as at least one parent living in the same household with at least one offspring up to 8 years old, were studied. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by logistic regression controlling for age, gender, number of children in household and H. pylori status of the father, mother and siblings. The prevalence of the infection was 69.7% (469 of 673) and it increased with age (P0.001). Positive mothers were a strong and independent risk factor for infection (OR 22.70; 95% CI 2.31-223.21). Positive siblings were also positively associated with infection (OR 1.81; 95% CI 1.01-3.30).
- Published
- 2003
41. [The interdiction of disease: a cultural construction of schistosomiasis in an endemic area in Minas Gerais, Brazil]
- Author
-
Maria Flávia, Gazzinelli, Andréa, Gazzinelli, Regiane Veloso, Santos, and Luiz Alberto Oliveira, Gonçalves
- Subjects
Adult ,Rural Population ,Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,Adolescent ,Endemic Diseases ,Community Participation ,Humans ,Schistosomiasis ,Water ,Program Development ,Child ,Health Education ,Brazil - Abstract
This study was conducted in a rural area endemic for schistosomiasis in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The objective was to determine the relationship between an environmental and health education program for schistosomiasis, implemented for teachers and students from the state secondary school in the village of Boa União, and the subsequent actions of its participants in regards to the environment and the illness. An important difference in this program is its perspective that it is not merely the implementation of instrumental and cognitive knowledge of the environment and illness, but an approach in which subjects are asked to question and investigate their perception of reality, the environment, and the illness. The study demonstrated that a change in attitude could occur from reflection on one's experience in relation to both the environment and diseases endemic it.
- Published
- 2002
42. Construction and validation of instrument to assess the quality of infection control programs
- Author
-
André Luiz Silva Alvim, Andrea Gazzinelli, and Bráulio Roberto Gonçalves Marinho Couto
- Subjects
Validation study ,Cross infection ,Health services research ,Infection control ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To build and validate an instrument to assess hospital infection control programs. Method: Methodological study that was developed in seven stages. The instrument items were categorized into the structure, process and result components. 10 expert judges participated, who evaluated the psychometric properties and validated the content using the Likert scale. The pre-test was carried out with 98 health professionals, from April to July 2018. For reliability analysis, Cronbach's alpha test was used. Results: Regarding the content validity index, the score made by expert judges ranged from 0.777 to 1.00, with mean of 0.902 (± 0.076). The Cronbach's alpha test showed good internal consistency of the items (0.82). Conclusion: An instrument to assess hospital infection control programs was developed and validated, which showed good reliability and can be efficiently used at national level.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Quality of the hospital infection control programs: an integrative review
- Author
-
André Luiz Silva Alvim, Bráulio Roberto Gonçalves Marinho Couto, and Andrea Gazzinelli
- Subjects
Hospital infection ,Hospital infection control program ,Quality of health care ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the quality of health in relation to the components of structure, process, and outcome in actions for the prevention and control of infections. Method: An integrative literature review in the LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, and SciELO databases. The time delimitation covered articles published between January 2009 and May 2019. Results: The final sample consisted of 10 articles published, mainly in Scopus (60%), and in Web of Science (30%). The structural elements varied among the study countries, suggesting opportunities for improvement of organizational characteristics and human resources. Regarding the process of the implemented routines, inconsistencies were found to comply with the guidelines. The result component was not emphasized among the studies included in the review. Conclusion: The quality of hospital infection control programs has yet to be improved among the health services, highlighting the need for investment in the structure, process, and outcome components.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. MORTALIDADE INFANTIL EVITÁVEL E VULNERABILIDADE SOCIAL NO VALE DO JEQUITINHONHA, MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL
- Author
-
Thania Aparecida Gomes da Silva Barbosa, Andrea Gazzinelli, and Gisele Nepomuceno de Andrade
- Subjects
Mortalidade Infantil ,Causas de Morte ,Indicadores Sociais ,Estudos Ecológicos ,Vulnerabilidade Social ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a ocorrência de mortalidade infantil segundo critérios de evitabilidade e de vulnerabilidade social no Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado com dados dos sistemas de informação do Ministério da Saúde, entre 2009 e 2014. Foi considerado o índice de vulnerabilidade social das cidades e as causas de morte foram classificadas conforme lista de causas evitáveis por intervenção do SUS. Foram calculadas as proporções, taxas corrigidas de mortalidade infantil geral e estratificadas. Diferenças foram avaliadas por meio do teste qui-quadrado em todo o período e entre os triênios 2009-11 e 2012-14. Resultados: a taxa de mortalidade infantil média foi de 21,7 óbitos /1.000 nascidos vivos. No total, 69,5% dos óbitos foram classificados como evitáveis. Foram observadas reduções de 34,9 e 26,5% nos óbitos evitáveis por ações de atenção à mulher na gestação (p=0,00) e ao recém-nascido (p=0,04), respectivamente, e aumento de 65,8% nos óbitos evitáveis por ações de atenção à mulher no parto (p=0,01). Foi demonstrada predominância de óbitos evitáveis nos municípios de mais vulnerabilidade social (p=0,00). Conclusões: os resultados destacaram a importância das causas evitáveis relacionadas ao cuidado em saúde no momento do parto e, apesar das reduções observadas, na gestação e ao recém-nascido. Também evidenciaram a maior proporção de óbitos evitáveis na população mais vulnerável. O desafio de reduzir essa mortalidade indica a urgência por ações que visem à redução das desigualdades sociais, bem como a necessidade de melhorias no acesso e na qualidade dos serviços assistenciais.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Decline in infection-related morbidities following drug-mediated reductions in the intensity of Schistosoma infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Author
-
Gisele Andrade, David J Bertsch, Andrea Gazzinelli, and Charles H King
- Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BACKGROUND:Since 1984, WHO has endorsed drug treatment to reduce Schistosoma infection and its consequent morbidity. Cross-sectional studies suggest pre-treatment correlation between infection intensity and risk for Schistosoma-related pathology. However, evidence also suggests that post-treatment reduction in intensity may not reverse morbidity because some morbidities occur at all levels of infection, and some reflect permanent tissue damage. The aim of this project was to systematically review evidence on drug-based control of schistosomiasis and to develop a quantitative estimate of the impact of post-treatment reductions in infection intensity on prevalence of infection-associated morbidity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:This review was registered at inception with PROSPERO (CRD42015026080). Studies that evaluated morbidity before and after treatment were identified by online searches and searches of private archives. Post-treatment odds ratios or standardized mean differences were calculated for each outcome, and these were correlated to treatment-related egg count reduction ratios (ERRs) by meta-regression. A greater ERR correlated with greater reduction in odds of most morbidities. Random effects meta-analysis was used to derive summary estimates: after treatment of S. mansoni and S. japonicum, left-sided hepatomegaly was reduced by 54%, right-sided hepatomegaly by 47%, splenomegaly by 37%, periportal fibrosis by 52%, diarrhea by 53%, and blood in stools by 75%. For S. haematobium, hematuria was reduced by 92%, proteinuria by 90%, bladder lesions by 86%, and upper urinary tract lesions by 72%. There were no consistent changes in portal dilation or hemoglobin levels. In sub-group analysis, age, infection status, region, parasite species, and interval to follow-up were associated with meaningful differences in outcome. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE:While there are challenges to implementing therapy for schistosomiasis, and praziquantel therapy is not fully curative, reductions in egg output are significantly correlated with decreased morbidity and can be used to project diminution in disease burden when contemplating more aggressive strategies to minimize infection intensity.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Transtornos mentais e qualidade de vida em crianças e adolescentes com doença renal crônica e em seus cuidadores Mental disorders and quality of life in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease
- Author
-
Renata Cristiane Marciano, Cristina Maria Bouissou Soares, José Silvério Santos Diniz, Eleonora Moreira Lima, José Maria Penido Silva, Monica Ribeiro Canhestro, Andrea Gazzinelli Oliveira, Carla Duarte Melo, Cristiane Santos Dias, Humberto Correa, and Eduardo Araujo de Oliveira
- Subjects
insuficiência renal crônica ,pediatria ,qualidade de vida ,transplante de rim ,diálise ,chronic kidney failure ,pediatrics ,quality of life ,kidney transplantation ,dialysis ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
A melhoria da atenção médica resultou em um aumento da sobrevida de pacientes pediátricos com doença renal crônica (DRC). Entretanto, as repercussões clínicas e as consequências do tratamento são inúmeras. O objetivo deste estudo foi a realização de uma revisão desta temática, incluindo estudos publicados desde 1980 até a atualidade, que abordam também a influência de outras doenças crônicas na população pediátrica. Foram revisadas as repercussões clínicas e as alterações neurológicas e neurocognitivas da DRC que podem influenciar na saúde mental e qualidade de vida destes pacientes. Estudaram-se também os efeitos emocionais e sociais da DRC e a sua influência na adesão à terapêutica e controle clínico nas diferentes modalidades de tratamento conservador, dialítico e transplante. Observa-se um comprometimento da qualidade de vida e da saúde mental desses pacientes. A compreensão das repercussões psicossociais e a tentativa de minimizá-las amenizam o impacto da doença renal no paciente. Esse cuidado mais adequado, completo e humanizado pode resultar na melhora da adesão e do controle clínico.In the last decades there was a striking improvement in survival of children with chronic kidney disease. As life expectancy has increased in children with CKD, concern has risen about its physical, psychological, and social consequences. The aim of this study was to perform a review of the psychological consequences of CKD in the pediatric population, with the focus on mental disorders and on quality of life. We also reviewed studies regarding emotional and social effects and their possible influences on treatment adhesion. Several studies have shown impairment on quality of life and on mental health of these patients. A better understanding of emotional consequences of CKD in pediatric population possibly can reduce the impact of the renal disease on children. Moreover, a comprehensive approach of children and adolescents with CKD might result in a better clinical control and improve treatment adhesion.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. The role of population movement in the epidemiology and control of schistosomiasis in Brazil: a preliminary typology of population movement
- Author
-
Helmut Kloos, Rodrigo Correa-Oliveira, Dener Carlos dos Reis, Ed Wilson Rodrigues, Luciana Alves Silveira Monteiro, and Andrea Gazzinelli
- Subjects
schistosomiasis ,typology of population movements ,spatial analysis ,schistosomiasis control ,Brazil ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
This paper examines recent developments in migration studies. It reviews literature related to the potential role of internal population movement in the occurrence of schistosomiasis in Brazil and modifies Prothero's typology of population movement for use in Brazil. This modified classification system may contribute to a better understanding of schistosome transmission as well as improved research and control programs. The results of this study indicate that population movement in Brazil primarily involves economically-motivated rural-urban and interregional movement. However, several movement patterns have become increasingly important in recent years as a result of changing socioeconomic and urbanisation dynamics. These patterns include urban-urban, intracity and urban-rural movement as well as the movement of environmental refugees and tourists. Little is known about the epidemiological significance of these patterns. This paper also highlights the role of social networks in the decision to migrate and to settle. Prothero's classic population movement typology categorises movement as either one-way migrations or circulations and examines them along spatial and temporal scales. However, the typology must be modified as epidemiological information about new patterns becomes available. This paper identifies areas that require further research and offers recommendations that can improve the measurement and spatial analysis of the relationship between population movement and schistosomiasis.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Accessibility to and utilisation of schistosomiasis-related health services in a rural area of state of Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Author
-
Dener Carlos dos Reis, Helmut Kloos, Charles King, Humberto Ferreira Oliveira Quites, Leonardo Ferreira Matoso, Kellen Rosa Coelho, and Andrea Gazzinelli
- Subjects
schistosomiasis ,access to health care ,spatial ,health-seeking behaviour ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
The objective of the present paper was to compare accessibility and utilisation of schistosomiasis diagnostic and treatment services in a small village and the surrounding rural area in northern part of the state of Minas Gerais Brazil. The study included 1,228 individuals: 935 central village residents and 293 rural residents of São Pedro do Jequitinhonha. Schistosoma mansoni infection rates were significantly higher in the central village than in the rural area during a survey in 2007 (44.3% and 23.5%, respectively) and during the 2002 schistosomiasis case-finding campaign (33.1% and 26.5%, respectively) (p < 0.001). However, during the 2002-2006 period, only 23.7% of the villagers and 27% of the rural residents obtained tests on their own from health centres, hospitals and private clinics in various nearby towns. In 2007, 63% of the villagers and 70.5% of the rural residents reported never having received treatment for schistosomiasis. This paper reveals considerable variation in the accessibility and utilisation of schistosomiasis-related health services between the central village and the rural area. A combination of low utilisation rates between 2002-2006 and persistently high S. mansoni infection rates suggest that the schistosomiasis control program must be more rapidly incorporated into the primary health services.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Associação entre medidas de adiposidade, variáveis demográficas e bioquímicas com os níveis séricos de proteína C-reativa em população rural Association between adiposity measures, demographic and biochemical variables with C-reactive protein serum levels in rural population
- Author
-
Amanda Carla Fernandes, Andrea Gazzinelli, and Gustavo Velásquez-Meléndez
- Subjects
Antropometria ,proteína C-reativa ,população rural ,obesidade ,doenças cardiovasculares ,tecido adiposo ,fatores de risco ,Anthropometry ,C-reactive protein ,rural population ,obesity ,cardiovascular diseases ,adipose tissue ,risk factors ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
A proteína C-reativa (PCR) é uma proteína de fase aguda que tem sido associada ao risco aumentado para doenças cardiovasculares. Diversos estudos têm demonstrado associação entre acúmulo de gordura corporal e níveis elevados de PCR. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a associação entre medidas de adiposidade, variáveis demográficas e bioquímicas com os níveis de PCR em uma população rural. A população foi constituída por indivíduos com idade maior ou igual a 18 anos de ambos os sexos e pelo menos dois anos de residência no local. Foram excluídos mulheres grávidas, indivíduos diabéticos e indivíduos com PCR acima de 10mg/l. A coleta de dados incluiu variáveis antropométricas, demográficas, de estilo de vida e bioquímicas. Os dados foram analisados por meio do STATA 9.0. Dos 536 participantes, 50,37% eram do sexo masculino, a idade variou entre 18 e 94 anos com média de 43,34 anos. A prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade foi significativamente maior no sexo feminino. Na análise bivariada o IMC, circunferência da cintura, RCQ, idade, educação, pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, colesterol total, LDL-c, HDL-c, triglicérides, insulinemia de jejum e HOMA-IR correlacionaram-se significativamente com o lnPCR. As variáveis que se mantiveram associadas com o lnPCR, após ajuste do modelo de regressão linear múltipla foram IMC, idade, sexo, insulinemia de jejum e HDL-c. A associação independente de tradicionais fatores de risco para as doenças cardiovasculares (idade, sexo, IMC, insulina de jejum e HDL-c) com a PCR evidencia uma estreita relação entre tecido adiposo, doenças cardiovasculares e inflamação.Acute-phase proteins as C-reactive protein (CRP) have been associated with cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies have shown the relation between body fat and elevated serum levels of CRP. This study verifies relation between adiposity measures, demographic and biochemical variables with CRP serum levels in a rural population. The study was conducted among individuals aged 18 or more, both sexes and at least two years of residency in the place of study. Pregnant women, diabetic and CRP over 10mg/l individuals were excluded. Data collection included anthropometric, demographic, lifestyle and biochemical variables. Data was processed in STATA 9.0. From the 536 subjects, 50.37% were men. Age varied from 18 to 94, age mean was 43.34. Overweight and obesity prevalence were significantly higher among women than men. Bivariate analysis found significant correlations between lnCRP and the following variables: BMI, waist circumference, WHR, age, education, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, triglycerides, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR. After adjusting for confounding variables in multiple linear regression analysis only BMI, age, sex, fasting insulin and HDL-c remained significantly associated with lnCRP. The independent association of traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease (age, sex, BMI, fasting insulin and HDL-c) with PCR evidences a close relationship between adipose tissue, cardiovascular diseases and inflammation.
- Published
- 2009
50. Associação entre obesidade central, triglicerídeos e hipertensão arterial em uma área rural do Brasil Association between central obesity, triglycerides and hypertension in a rural area in Brazil
- Author
-
Adriano Marçal Pimenta, Gilberto Kac, Andrea Gazzinelli, Rodrigo Corrêa-Oliveira, and Gustavo Velásquez-Meléndez
- Subjects
Hipertensão ,população rural ,epidemiologia ,dislipidemias ,obesidade ,Hypertension ,rural population ,epidemiology ,dyslipidemias ,obesity ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
FUNDAMENTO: A hipertensão, importante problema de saúde pública, representa uma das principais causas de morbidade em todo o mundo. OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência da hipertensão arterial e seus fatores de risco em uma comunidade rural do nordeste do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado em 2004, em Virgem das Graças, comunidade rural localizada no Vale do Jequitinhonha. A amostra era composta por 287 indivíduos, com idades entre 18 e 88 anos. Hipertensão foi definida segundo os critérios da Joint National Committee (pressão arterial sistólica > 140 mmHg e/ou pressão arterial diastólica > 90 mmHg): indivíduos que já usavam medicamentos anti-hipertensivos também foram considerados hipertensos. Usou-se a análise bivariada para testar a relação entre as variáveis independentes e hipertensão, e a regressão logística para ajustar fatores de confusão e identificar interações. A força de associação foi mensurada usando-se odds ratio (OR) e seus intervalos de confiança de 95% [IC (95%)]. RESULTADOS: A prevalência bruta da hipertensão foi de 47,0% [IC (95%): 41,1 - 53,0], a prevalência ajustada por idade foi de 43,2% [IC (95%): 35,7 - 50,7], enquanto a prevalência ajustada por escolaridade foi de 44,1% [IC (95%): 43,9 - 44,3]. De acordo com a análise multivariada, observou-se que idade, triglicerídeos, circunferência da cintura e sexo eram fatores de risco independentes associados à hipertensão. CONCLUSÃO: Os achados fornecem evidências importantes de que a hipertensão é um problema de saúde pública associado à dislipidemia e à obesidade abdominal, na área rural de Minas Gerais.BACKGROUND: Hypertension represents a serious public health problem and is one of the most frequent causes of morbidity around the world. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors in a rural community located in the north-eastern state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2004 in the Virgem das Graças Village, a rural community located the Jequitinhonha Valley. The sample consisted of 287 males and females aged between 18 to 88 years. Hypertension was defined according to Joint National Committee criteria (systolic blood pressure > 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg): subjects already receiving anti-hypertensive treatment were considered to be hypertensive. Bivariate analysis was performed to test the relationship between the independent variables and hypertension. Logistic regression was used to adjust for confounding and to identify interactions. The strength of association was measured using Odds Ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence intervals [CI (95%)]. RESULTS: The crude prevalence of hypertension was 47.0% [CI (95%): 41.1 - 53.0], the age-standardized prevalence was 43.2% [CI (95%): 35.7 - 50.7], while the schooling-standardized prevalence was 44.1% [CI (95%): 43.9 - 44.3]. Age, triglycerides, waist circumference and sex were found to be independent risk factors for hypertension according to multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: The findings provide important evidence concerning the hypertension as a public health problem and its association with dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity in the rural area of Minas Gerais.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.