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The production of porous ceramics for biomedical applications is widely available in the Ceramics industry. In bioceramic applications, interconnected pores are pertinent to increase osteoconductivity and cell proliferation. However, an increase in pore size and the pore amount decrease the mechanical properties. For this reason, pore properties must be precisely controlled. In this study, the effect of a natural pore-forming agent, corn starch addition, and sintering conditions on mechanical properties and biocompatibility was investigated. During mixing, four different starch amounts (1, 3, 5, and 10 wt%) were added to pure beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) ceramic powders and pressed. Pressed pellets were sintered at 1000, 1100, 1200, and 1300 °C. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to investigate microstructure, texture, pore size, and cell adhesion. The mechanical properties of the β-TCP ceramic parts were further characterized by measuring the density and compressive strength. Cytotoxicity tests were carried out with MTT assays. The optimum mechanical properties were obtained at 1100 °C sintered biocomposites. Although starch starts to burn around 410 °C and analytical results show no presence of starch after the sintering process, biocomposites initially containing 10% starch showed improved cell proliferation. However, a reduction of 59% in compressive strength and a 16% reduction in the density were also recorded. It was observed that 10 wt% starch addition increases cell proliferation by 10% in sintered β-TCP samples. Starch powder additions can be used to increase the cell viability of the material by facilitating the creation of pores, as a low-cost pore-forming agent for porous bone graft and non-load-bearing material in both orthopaedics and maxillofacial applications. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Alpha tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) is a ceramic widely used in cements for orthopedic and dentistry applications, which is synthesized by solid-state reactions occurred at high temperature, being highly relevant the control of the cooling rate in order to avoid the formation of secondary phases as beta tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). From the above, the effect of TCP cooled at three different rates on the properties of the derived calcium phosphate cements was studied. The results show that a low cooling rate of 10 °C/min is enough to avoid the formation of the beta phase. Additionally, remarkable differences among the final calcium phosphate cements derived from the differently cooled TCP ceramics in terms of compressive mechanical resistance, final phases and chemical bonds, were not evidenced. Resumen: El fosfato tricálcico alfa (α-TCP) es un cerámico ampliamente utilizado en cementos para aplicaciones ortopédicas y odontológicas, el cual es sintetizado por reacciones de estado sólido que ocurren a alta temperatura, donde es de alta importancia el control de la velocidad de enfriamiento para evitar la formación de fases secundarias como el fosfato tricálcico beta (β-TCP). De lo anterior, fue estudiado el efecto del TCP enfriado a tres velocidades distintas sobre las propiedades de los cementos de fosfato de calcio derivados. Los resultados muestran que una velocidad de enfriamiento de 10 °C/min es suficiente para evitar la formación de la fase beta. Adicionalmente, no se evidenciaron notorias diferencias entre los cementos de fosfato de calcio finales derivados de cada TCP enfriado diferentemente en términos de resistencia mecánica a la compresión, fases finales y enlaces químicos.

In this study, a simple, innovative approach is applied to produce porous a-TCP-CeO2-Al2O3 composite beads via using bovine bone-derived hydroxyapatite, cerium oxide, and alumina ceramics. Bovine-bone derived hydroxyapatite was obtained via calcination of bones at 950°C for 3 hours. Hydroxyapatite is a thermally unstable biomaterial at high temperatures, and depending on its stoichiometry decomposes at 800-1200°C. Sodium alginate was successfully used as an in situ gelling templates for the production of the ceramic beads and starch, an environmentally friendly and economic pore-forming agent, is used to achieve interconnected, highly open porosity containing composite beads. Sintering of the ceramic−starch−alginate green composite beads at 1200°C for 1 hour resulted in the decomposition of the hydroxyapatite phase and formation of a-TCP. XRD analysis revealed that a-TCP-CeO2-Al2O3 composite beads were achieved. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of a-TCP phase in all composite compositions. SEM investigations of the produced composite beads revealed that bimodal pore size distribution, fine and coarse, was achieved.

To meet the requirements of minimally invasive surgical treatments for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture, various strategies have been proposed to enhance the properties of calcium phosphate cement (CPC). Here, a new strategy was developed by incorporating poly (γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) and its strontium salt into the formulation of alpha tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP)-based CPC. Effects of γ-PGA on the injectability, cohesion, setting times, mechanical compressive strengths and cytocompatibility were systematically studied. Results showed that the injectability, cohesion and setting times were considerably improved by introducing γ-PGA into the CPC. Moreover, after setting for 7 days, the compressive strengths increased from 14.6 ± 1.4 MPa for pure CPC to 35.3 ± 1.7 MPa for CPC with 8.9 wt% γ-PGA and further to 61.2 ± 5.4 MPa for CPC with 8.9 wt% γ-PGA combined with its strontium salt. In vitro osteoblast proliferation tests showed that the group of CPC modified by γ-PGA and its strontium salt had better cytocompatibility than the pure CPC group. All results suggest that optimal properties were obtained for the cement with 8.9 wt% γ-PGA added to its solid phases and using strontium salt as the reactive liquid phase, making it as a promising candidate for application in kyphoplasty.

Silk fibroin is a natural biodegradable polymer that has been demonstrated for use as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. To improve the osteoconductivity and the osteoinductivity of silk fibroin scaffolds, ceramics were added. α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) is the expected ceramic that useful for scaffolds for bone tissue engineering either alone or blended with silk fibroin. From the previous study, we evaluated the mechanical properties of three-dimensional porous silk fibroin/ α-TCP scaffolds and concluded that the scaffolds containing 8% (w/w) α-TCP exhibited the highest compressive modulus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biological properties of three-dimensional porous silk fibroin/α-TCP scaffolds. The scaffolds were constructed using a solvent casting and salt leaching technique. The hybrid strain of degummed Thai silk fibroin, Nangnoi Srisaket 1 x Mor, was dissolved in hexafluoroisopropanol at 16% (w/v). α-TCP was incorporated to produce 4, 8, 12, and 16 wt% solution. Sucrose (particle size 250-450 μm; sucrose/silk fibroin = 8.5/1 w/w) was used as a porogen. Human gingival fibroblasts (passage 5) were cultured in these scaffolds. After 72 h, the biocompatibility of seeded scaffolds was evaluated under the inverted phase contrast microscopy. Cell proliferation was determined by DNA assays and scanning electron microscopy. The images from inverted phase contrast microscopy revealed the human gingival fibroblasts can be attached at the surface of scaffolds in all groups. The results from the DNA assays showed that the number of human gingival fibroblasts was increased as the culture period was prolonged but was not as the increasing of α-TCP. At 120 h, the scaffolds containing 8% (w/w) α-TCP exhibited the highest cell number. The scanning electron microscope images at 24, 72, and 120 h after cell culturing presented human gingival fibroblasts can be expanded well and exhibited the normal morphology. The results suggested that the scaffolds containing 8% (w/w) α-TCP may be a potential candidate for bone tissue engineering applications.

Silicate-containing alpha-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) ceramics are expected to be useful scaffolds for bone regeneration because α-TCP shows high biodegradability and silicate ions are expected to promote the bone formation. We previously revealed that the porous silicate-containing α-TCP granules provided earlier bone formation and showed lower biodegradability than the porous silicate-free α-TCP granules in vivo. In order to reveal the mechanism of the bone formation promoted by silicate incorporation, the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast-like cells on the silicate-containing and silicate-free α-TCP ceramics were examined in vitro. The silicate incorporation in α-TCP promoted the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells, and it might be one of the factors to promote bone formation In Vivo.

Tricalcium phosphate cement (α-TCP) can be used in various fields of health, including as drug delivery systems. The application of a biomaterial based on α-TCP could enable both the constant drug delivery as support and shape damaged muscleskeletics tissues until which can be regenerated by the organism itself, replacing the biomaterial, while maintaining stable levels of the drug in the organism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the release of gentamicin sulfate using the technique of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in drug delivery systems of α-TCP. The results obtained in vitro study validated the proposed methodology for assessment of controlled drug delivery systems on the basis of α-TCP.

The aim of this study was to examine the mechanical characteristics of a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel (PVA-H) as a candidate material for artificial joint cartilage. In the study, PVA-H was filled with α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) in order to improve its mechanical properties. In addition, laminated composite materials with 3 layers were prepared by laminating α-TCP–filled PVA-H and unfilled PVA-H. The samples were prepared with different numbers of repeated freeze–thaw cycles and several concentrations of α-TCP. Compression tests and friction tests were carried out to investigate the mechanical and friction properties of the PVA-H. The results of the tests showed that the compressive modulus and the friction coefficient of the α-TCP–filled PVA-H were higher than those of the unfilled PVA-H. Thus, α-TCP was found to be effective in reinforcing the PVA-H. In the friction tests, the friction coefficient of the laminated material was approximately equal to the values of the unfilled PVA-H. Furthermore, the compressive moduli of the laminated materials that underwent 5 and 7 freeze–thaw cycles improved to a level equal to that of the α-TCP–filled PVA-Hs. Therefore, the lamination of PVA-H made it possible to achieve both a low friction coefficient and high compressive strength.

Purpose Both atelocollagen and alpha-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) particles are widely applied as bone graft materials. In this study, we combined atelocollagen and porous α-TCP particles to form an α-TCP/atelocollagen composite sponge (α-TCP/CS), and we evaluated its effects on bone regeneration in rat calvarial defects. Materials and methods α-TCP granules were mixed with a collagen solution. The mixture was poured into plastic molds and then frozen to −80 °C and freeze-dried for 24 h. The composites were then cross-linked in vacuo at 140 °C for 24 h. The obtained composites were characterized by XRD and SEM and observed using micro-CT and histological analysis. Results In vivo micro-CT images at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after surgery showed that in the α-TCP/CS group, the bone volume, bone mineral density, and bone mineral content were higher than those in the groups with only atelocollagen and without scaffolds at 6 weeks after surgery. Histological analysis showed that α-TCP was completely absorbed, and new bone that was continuous along the original bone was observed. Conclusion This study demonstrated that composite sponges created using porous α-TCP particles and atelocollagen were sufficiently adaptable for treating bone defects.

This study focus on the synthesis of Ca-deficient apatites (CDA) by using the wet chemical precipitation method in demineralised water solutions at pH=7 and synthesis temperature of 90 °C. Upon calcination at 1000°C, the resulting HAP powders decomposed leading to the formation of small amounts of β-TCP. Surprisingly, under some conditions, minor amounts of α- TCP were also formed at 1000°C together with β-TCP. The appearance of α-TCP is favoured by the absence of mineral ions in the precipitation medium, which in turn depends on the purity of the water used. Factors affecting the formation of both β-TCP and α-TCP are discussed.

The single phase of barium-substituted alpha tricalcium phosphate (Ba-α-TCP) (Ca1-xBax)3(PO4)2 (x = 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15) has been prepared by solid-state reactions. The crystal structure of the Ba-α-TCP powders has been investigated by high-resolution synchrotron powder diffraction and the Rietveld method. Diffraction data were successfully analyzed by the single phase Ba-α-TCP (space group P21/a). Unit-cell parameters a, b, c, and β increase with increasing Ba content. Most of the Ba atoms are located at three crystallographic sites among the eighteen cation sites in the α-(Ca1-xBax)3(PO4)2 (x = 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15). The refined positional parameters and occupancy factors of the preference sites for Ba substitutions were Ca17: (0.0909(6), 0.4167(2), 0.7823(5)) g(Ba) = 0.72(2); Ca11: (0.4068(6), 0.2506(2), 0.2199(5)) g(Ba) = 0.67(1); Ca5: (0.0983(6), 0.0837(2), 0.7857(5)) g(Ba) = 0.65(1) in the α-(Ca0.85Ba0.15)3(PO4)2. Here, g(Ba) is the occupancy factor of Ba atoms. These sites have relatively small...

Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-26T19:19:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-02-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-31T13:04:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-09352015000100119.pdf: 772031 bytes, checksum: 8883806b630ddae5831d1cbba4da93d6 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia (FAPESB) Avaliaram-se a macroscopia e a microestrutura de esferas compostas por cimento ósseo de alfa-fosfato tricálcico de dupla pega munido de canais de interconexão (alfa-TCP-i) e a integração do implante ao tecido orbital de coelhos através de análise macroscópica e histopatológica. A superfície interna e externa do alfa-TCP-i foi avaliada macroscopicamente e por microscopia eletrônica. Após enucleação do bulbo ocular esquerdo, 12 coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia receberam implantes do alfa-TCP-i com 12mm de diâmetro. A avaliação clínica foi realizada diariamente nos primeiros 15 dias e depois a cada quinze dias até o fim do período de estudo. Para análise morfológica, seguiu-se a exenteração de três animais por período experimental (15, 45, 90 e 180 dias). As superfícies externa e interna do implante mostraram-se compactas, sólidas e lisas, com seis canais que se interconectavam centralmente. A microarquitetura caracterizou-se pela formação de colunas de cristais hexagonais. Sinais de infecção, exposição, deiscência de sutura ou extrusão não foram notados em nenhum dos animais durante o período de estudo. A análise morfológica revelou a presença de fina cápsula ao redor do implante de onde surgiram projeções fibrovasculares que o penetraram através dos canais de interconexão. Nos primeiros dias após a inserção das esferas, notou-se intensa reação inflamatória que se mostrou ausente aos 180 dias. O implante do cimento de alfa-fosfato tricálcico foi bem tolerado em coelhos, mostrou-se relativamente inerte e permitiu a infiltração de tecido fibrovascular através dos canais de interconexão. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the macroscopy and microstructure of a double setting alpha-tricalcium phosphate bone cement sphere provided with interconnection channels (alpha-TCP-i), as well as the integration of the implant with the rabbits' orbital tissue, through macroscopic analysis and histopathology. The external and internal surfaces of the alpha-TCP-i were evaluated macroscopically and by electron microscopy. Twelve New Zealand rabbits received 12mm implants of alpha-TCP-i following enucleation of the left eye. The clinical assessment was undertaken daily during the first 15 days, followed by fortnightly assessment until the end of the study period. For the morphological analysis, exenteration was performed in 3 animals per experimental period (15, 45, 90 and 180 days). The external and internal surfaces of the implant appeared solid, smooth and compact, with six channels which interconnected centrally. The micro-architecture was characterized by the formation of columns of hexagonal crystals. No signs of infection, exposure, dehiscence of sutures or extrusion of the implant were noted in any of the animals during the entire period of the study. The morphological evaluation demonstrated the presence of a thin capsule around the implant, from whence appeared fibro-vascular projections, which penetrated it through the interconnecting channels. In the first days after the insertion of the implant, an intense inflammatory reaction was noted. At 180 days, however, there were no signs of inflammation. The alpha-tricalcium phosphate cement implant was well tolerated in this rabbit model and appeared to be relatively inert with some fibrovascular ingrowth through the large channels. Universidade Estadual Paulista Universidade Federal da Bahia União Metropolitana de Educação e Cultura Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Universidade Estadual Paulista FAPESB: 5881-2009

Titanium alloy(Ti-6Al-4V, Samsung techwin, Korea) rods with diameter of 2.5mm were used as the implant materials. Polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) bone cements(CMW, USA) were used as bone cement and -tricalcium phosphate(TCP)-based bone filler powder was used as osteoconductive additives. Hydroxyapatite(HA) was the desired end product after hydrolysis of the -TCP-based bone filler powder mixed with the blood. In animal study using rabbits, we divided the group into A, B, C and D. Rabbits were sacrificed at 1, 3, 9 weeks after implantation and the affinity index and bone density were calculated. X-ray diffraction patterns of HA formed by hydrolysis of -TCP-based bone filler powder showed higher and higher intensity in HA peak with increase of time period. There was more bone density increase in the group B and D containing - TCP-based bone filler powder around implant site than in the group A and C(p

Ollier's disease is a rare disorder characterized by multiple enchondromas with a unilateral predominance, especially in fingers in early childhood. We experienced a case of Ollier's disease treated four times with simple curettage from the age of 2 years and alpha-tricalcium phosphate cement grafting at the age of 21 years. The forth curettage was performed when the patient was 15 years old and preoperative X-rays had shown remarkable finger deformities. Postoperative casting of the involved joints was necessary to prevent fractures but led to some finger contractures. Following X-rays demonstrated incredible improvement of the appearance. This suggests that simple curettage alone at an early stage of Ollier's disease provide cosmetic improvement. At the age of 21 years our patient showed enlargement of the intramedullary finger lesions again. Some lesions seemed to be impending pathological fractures. This time we chose alpha-tricalcium phosphate cement to fill the cavities after curettage had been carried out. Harvesting a large amount of autologous bone was not required. All activities of daily life could be resumed immediately after surgery and none of the finger joints showed further restriction of motion. X-rays taken three years after the operation showed new bone ingrowth surrounding the material with little evidence of absorption. To our knowledge, this may be the first case of Ollier's disease treated with artificial bone grafting reported in the English literature.

Porous hydroxyapatite (HAP) foam permits three-dimensional (3D) structure with fully interconnecting pores as well as excellent tissue response and good osteoconductivity. It is therefore thought to be a good candidate as scaffold material for bone regeneration and as a synthetic bone substitute material. To fabricate better porous HAP foam, improved physical and structural properties as well as higher osteoconductivity are desired. In the present study, the effects of sintering temperature on the physical and compositional properties of porous HAP foam were evaluated by employing high sintering temperature starting at 1,300 degrees C up to 1,550 degrees C. The mechanical strength of porous HAP foam increased with sintering temperature to reach the maximum value at 1,525 degrees C, then decreased slightly when sintering temperature was further increased to 1,550 degrees C. Alpha tricalcium phosphate (alpha-TCP) was formed, and thus the porous HAP foam became biphasic calcium phosphate. Biphasic calcium phosphate consisting of both alpha-TCP and HAP had been reported to show higher osteoconductivity than HAP alone. We therefore recommend 1,500-1,550 degrees C as the sintering temperature for porous HAP foam since this condition provided the most desirable physical properties with biphasic calcium phosphate composition.

A novel and simple nonhydrothermal method was developed for synthesizing hydroxyapatite whiskers under mild conditions. Hydroxyapatite whiskers were synthesized by the hydrolysis of alpha-tricalcium phosphate at 80°C and atmospheric pressure. The effect of aliphatic alcohols on the transformation of alpha-tricalcium phosphate to hydroxyapatite in water-alcohol systems was examined. When the hydroxyapatite was characterized by XRD and TEM observation, its morphology and size were found to vary with the specific alcohol used during hydrolysis. The effect of reaction time on hydrolysis of alpha-tricalcium phosphate to hydroxyapatite also was studied.

脱アセチル化度を50%にすることにより,キトサン溶液を作製するための酢酸及びクエン酸の濃度はそれぞれ0.1,1.0%と従来の賦形材よりも低くできた.炎症反応の程度はキトサン単独系がキトサンとアルギン酸塩の混合系より高く,酸の種類及び濃度による差は少なかった.生体吸収性は,単独系が混合系より高く,高濃度の酸を用いたものが低濃度より高くなる傾向を示した.骨伝導能に関しては,全ての試料において埋入期間の経過と共に,徐々に新生骨によって間隙が満たされ,周囲に生じた梁状骨は消失してゆく所見が得られた.クエン酸を用いた試料が酢酸を用いた場合と比較して有意に骨通導能が高い

Calcium phosphate concentrations in plaque, plaque fluid, and saliva play an important role in caries prevention. In this study, we used a microanalytical technique to examine the anticaries potential of a 2.5% (mass fraction) a-tricalcium-phosphate-fortified experimental gum by measuring the pH, free and total calcium, and total phosphate in plaque fluid, whole plaque, and saliva, and centrifuged saliva from 14 subjects who (1) accumulated plaque for 48 hours, (2) fasted overnight, (3) rinsed for 1 min with sucrose, and (4) chewed a control or experimental gum for 15 min. From these data, the hydroxyapatite (HAp) ion activity products (IAPHAp) of saliva and plaque fluid were calculated as a measure of tooth mineral saturation. Results, compared with those of the control gum, show significant increases in pH and in free calcium and phosphate concentrations in plaque fluid and saliva when the experimental gum was chewed following sucrose ingestion. These increases result in a rise in fluid saturation with respect to tooth mineral that, for plaque fluid, nearly cancels the decrease seen with the control gum after the sucrose rinse. This suggests that the experimental gum may be more effective than a conventional gum in ameliorating the cariogenic effects of sucrose. Similar statistically significant increases were also seen in the total calcium content of the plaque fluid, centrifuged saliva, whole saliva, and whole plaque, and in the total phosphate of whole plaque and whole saliva. These results suggest that the deposition of a mineral reservoir in plaque and saliva by the experimental gum may help resist future cariogenic challenges.

Aim Inadequate vertical bone compromises dental implant positioning and subsequent restoration. This study was carried out to investigate the feasibility of alpha tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) for vertical bone augmentation. Methods Nine cortical perforations were made on each side of the parietal bone of rat calvaria under continuous saline coolant. Polytetrafluoroethylene cylinders were placed under the periosteum and α-TCP particles were applied in the cylinders in the TCP group while the cylinders were left empty in the control group. The animals were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery and analyzed radiologically and histologically. Results The augmented bone volumes in the control and TCP groups were 91.5 ± 25.6% and 76.5 ± 49.8% (mean ± SD) of the original bone at 4 weeks, and 136.3 ± 59.7% and 139 ± 62.4% at 8 weeks respectively. There was no significant difference between control and test groups. At 4 weeks the bone height was augmented by 168.8 ± 26.7% and 128.8 ± 62% in the control and TCP groups respectively (not significant), whereas significantly higher vertical bone was achieved in the TCP group than in the control group at 8 weeks (251 ± 32% vs 179.2 ± 30.3%, P

We evaluated the effects on bone formation of combining synthesized collagen model polypeptides consisting of a Pro-Hyp-Gly [poly(PHG)] sequence and alpha-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) particles with various median sizes (large: 580.8 μm; small: 136.2 μm; or large and small mixed: 499.3 μm) in a skull defect model in mini-pigs. Quantitative image analyses for the volume density (VD) of new bone revealed that the VD in each α-TCP group was significantly higher than that in the poly(PHG) control group, with the mixed group showing the highest VD among all the groups at 4 weeks after implantation. Histological assessments revealed that the small α-TCP particles were almost completely degraded at 8 weeks. At 12 weeks, all sizes of α-TCP particles were completely degraded and remodeling of the lamellar bone was observed. The present findings suggest that particle size may influence the success of bone formation in defects.

Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are good candidates for bone regeneration, due to their good biocompatibility, bone integration and close similarity to the mineral component of bones. In this work we investigated the possibility to introduce biodegradable polymers, namely PLLA and PLGA, into the composition of a biomimetic cement. To this aim we introduced different amounts of PLLA and PLGA nanofibers produced by the electrospinning technique into a gelatin containing alfa-tricalcium phosphate (alfa-TCP) cement. Degradability, structure, morphology and mechanical properties of the cements were analyzed as a function of composition.

Introduction Human orofacial bone mesenchymal stem cells (OFMSCs) from maxilla and mandible have robust osteogenic regenerative properties on the basis of our previous reports that demonstrate phenotypic and functional differences between jaw and axial bone mesenchymal stem cells in same individuals. Furthermore, a combination of OFMSCs with bioactive calcium-releasing cements can potentially improve OFMSC multilineage differentiation capacity, but biocompatibility of calcium-silicate cements with OFMSCs is still unclear. We tested the hypothesis that material extracts of calcium-releasing calcium-silicate cements support biomimetic microenvironment for survival and differentiation of human OFMSCs. Methods Two experimental calcium-silicate cements, (1) calcium-silicate mineral powder (wTC) containing dicalcium and tricalcium-silicate, calcium sulfate, and calcium chloride and (2) wTC doped with alpha-tricalcium phosphate (wTC-αTCP), were designed and prepared. Cement setting times were assessed by Gilmore needles, ability to release calcium and hydroxyl ions was assessed by potentiometric methods, and OFMSC attachment to calcium-silicate discs was assessed. Calcium-silicate material extracts were tested for ability to support OFMSC survival and in vitro/in vivo differentiation. Results Fewer OFMSCs attached to calcium-silicate discs relative to tissue culture plastic ( P = .001). Extracts of calcium-silicate cements sustained OFMSC survival, maintained steady state levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, alkaline phosphatase, and bone sialoprotein while up-regulating their respective gene transcripts. Adipogenic and in vivo bone regenerative capacities of OFMSCs were also unaffected by calcium-silicate extracts. Conclusions Ion-releasing calcium-silicate cements support a biomimetic microenvironment conducive to survival and differentiation of OFMSCs. Combination of OFMSCs and calcium-silicate cement can potentially promote tissue regeneration in periapical bone defects.