Search

Recent advances in machine learning have leveraged evolutionary information in multiple sequence alignments to predict protein structure. We demonstrate direct inference of full atomic-level protein structure from primary sequence using a large language model. As language models of protein sequences are scaled up to 15 billion parameters, an atomic-resolution picture of protein structure emerges in the learned representations. This results in an order-of-magnitude acceleration of high-resolution structure prediction, which enables large-scale structural characterization of metagenomic proteins. We apply this capability to construct the ESM Metagenomic Atlas by predicting structures for >617 million metagenomic protein sequences, including >225 million that are predicted with high confidence, which gives a view into the vast breadth and diversity of natural proteins.

Animal welfare is critical to buffer stress in captive animals and to ensure the reliability of data from studies. The most usual environmental enrichment technique (EE) for social non-human primates is the social enrichment. However, some experimental protocols require keeping individuals isolated, thus demanding other types of EE. We tested in six adult

With the advent of neoliberal policies and technological expansion, capitalism crisis became latent. Because of these facts, a deep interventional policy was necessary, which supported, above all, private business activities. This entire process showed how weak business structures are, given that, in most cases, there is a clear distance between the shareholders of a business society, with its leaders and administrators, making it necessary to install a true system of inspection and regulation, demonstrating the need for an implementation policy of Compliance programs, which aim to analyze and correct all existing acts in the company, so that society has the necessary security with the organization's business practices. In Brazil, these actions are still growing, which is presented in this work. Thus, this research aims to analyze managerial actions, demonstrating that it should focus on monitoring actions of new generations, making managers adapt to the new social reality. This work shows a bibliographic review about this topic, which proves to be a challenge for future generations.

Artificial intelligence has the potential to open insight into the structure of proteins at the scale of evolution. It has only recently been possible to extend protein structure prediction to two hundred million cataloged proteins. Characterizing the structures of the exponentially growing billions of protein sequences revealed by large scale gene sequencing experiments would necessitate a break-through in the speed of folding. Here we show that direct inference of structure from primary sequence using a large language model enables an order of magnitude speed-up in high resolution structure prediction. Leveraging the insight that language models learn evolutionary patterns across millions of sequences, we train models up to 15B parameters, the largest language model of proteins to date. As the language models are scaled they learn information that enables prediction of the three-dimensional structure of a protein at the resolution of individual atoms. This results in prediction that is up to 60x faster than state-of-the-art while maintaining resolution and accuracy. Building on this, we present the ESM Metage-nomic Atlas. This is the first large-scale structural characterization of metagenomic proteins, with more than 617 million structures. The atlas reveals more than 225 million high confidence predictions, including millions whose structures are novel in comparison with experimentally determined structures, giving an unprecedented view into the vast breadth and diversity of the structures of some of the least understood proteins on earth.

The Yeast Estrogen Screen (YES) has a specific mechanism of action that allows for the analysis of estrogenic EDC at low concentrations, and it has been broadly used to estimate the estrogenic potential of environmental samples. However, the experimental parameters of this assay still demand an investigation, such as cell density, incubation time, wavelength on the experimental outcome, cytotoxicity, and estrogenic activity adsorbed on suspended solids. We studied these interferences and applied the assay to single substances, mixtures, and environmental matrices from different sources. The increase in cell density amplifies the assay sensitivity only to a limited extent, while the reduction in incubation time decreased assay sensitivity - although it was not significant for surface water, no differences were observed between estradiol-equivalents derived of 48 h and 72 h measurements. The particulate phase was of utmost importance for the total estrogenic activity of the landfill leachate and surface water. Surface waters, landfill leachates and sediments also showed antiestrogenic activity and the integration of both estrogenic and antiestrogenic endpoints provided deeper insights into the potential risk associated with EDC. This study elucidated experimental interferences that may arise during the implementation and use of this assay, bringing more understanding to experimental parameters during the application of the assay for estrogenicity screening.

A erva-mate consiste em uma planta nativa e cultivada no Brasil, Argentina e Paraguai, consumida principalmente como uma infusão de suas folhas e galhos. Suas folhas possuem diversas propriedades nutricionais e medicinais, atribuídas aos seus metabólitos secundários, cuja composição pode variar em função de fatores, como o tipo de cultivo, clima, condições agronômicas e processamento industrial. Diante do exposto, o presente estudo teve por objetivo estabelecer estratégias para a elucidação da composição não-volátil de amostras de erva-mate de diferentes países, além de investigar como o processamento afeta a composição volátil. A obtenção dos metabólitos não voláteis de amostras de erva-mate processada de diferentes países foi realizada mediante UAE, otimizada utilizando um CCD 23, aliada à RSM. As variáveis dependentes avaliadas foram o rendimento da extração, TPC, TFC, atividade antioxidante e a área total do cromatograma de absorbância total obtido pela análise de HPLC-DAD, enquanto as variáveis independentes utilizadas foram temperatura (30 – 80 °C), tempo de extração (11,6 – 28,4 min) e percentual de etanol na fase extratora hidroetanólica (8 – 92%). Os extratos foram analisados por fluorescência molecular, e os resultados modelados por PARAFAC, que apontou que amostras brasileiras possuem um maior teor de pigmentos, enquanto as dos demais países possuem um maior teor fenólico. Além disso, os extratos foram caracterizados por UHPLC-QTOF-MS, que possibilitou a identificação de 13 ácidos clorogênicos, 2 metilxantinas, entre outros compostos, que foram quantificados por HPLC-DAD. Estes resultados foram modelados mediante uma PCA, que evidenciou que as folhas de erva-mate produzidas a partir de ervais cultivados possuem uma quantidade mais elevada de ácidos clorogênicos, e que as amostras de países platinos possuem uma maior concentração da maioria dos ácidos clorogênicos e flavonoides, quando comparadas às amostras brasileiras. Em paralelo, a composição da fração volátil das folhas processadas e in natura da erva-mate, obtida por hidrodestilação, foi avaliada por GC×GC/TOFMS. Foram identificados 157 e 291 compostos nas folhas frescas e processadas, respectivamente. Contaminantes tóxicos como isômeros de hidrocarbonetos e HPA’s foram identificados na erva processada, sugerindo a necessidade de utilizar métodos de processamento livres de fumaça. Yerba mate is a plant native and cultivated in Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay, consumed mainly as an infusion of its leaves and branches. Its leaves have several nutritional and medicinal properties, attributed to their secondary metabolites, whose composition can vary depending on factors such as the type of cultivation, climate, agronomic conditions, and industrial processing. Given the above, the present study aimed to establish strategies for the elucidation of the non-volatile composition of yerba mate samples from different countries, in addition to investigating how processing affects the volatile composition. Obtaining non-volatile metabolites from samples of yerba mate processed from different countries was performed by means of UAE, optimized using a CCD 23, combined with the RSM. The dependent variables evaluated were extraction yield, TPC, TFC, antioxidant activity and the total area of the total absorbance chromatogram obtained by HPLC-DAD analysis, while the independent variables used were temperature (30 – 80 °C), extraction time (11.6 – 28.4 min) and percentage of ethanol in the hydroethanolic extractor phase (8 – 92%). The extracts were analyzed by molecular fluorescence, and the results modeled by PARAFAC, which showed that Brazilian samples have a higher pigment content, while those from other countries have a higher phenolic content. Furthermore, the extracts were characterized by UHPLC-QTOF-MS, which allowed the identification of 13 chlorogenic acids, 2 methylxanthines, among other compounds, which were quantified by HPLC-DAD. These results were modeled using a PCA, which showed that yerba mate leaves produced from cultivated yerba mate have a higher amount of chlorogenic acids, and that samples from Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay have a higher concentration of most chlorogenic acids and flavonoids, when compared to the Brazilian samples. In parallel, the composition of the volatile fraction of the processed and fresh leaves of yerba mate, obtained by hydrodistillation, was evaluated by GC×GC/TOFMS. 157 and 291 compounds were identified in fresh and processed leaves, respectively. Hazardous contaminants such as hydrocarbon isomers and PAHs were identified in the processed leaves, suggesting the need to use smoke-free methods in its industrial processing.

The presence of estrogenic endocrine disruptors in aquatic environments has been a concern and bioassays are recommended tools for their monitoring. However, the physicochemical properties of contaminants and the environmental matrix features may influence the resultant response. This study aimed to assess this influence on the Yeast Estrogen Screen (YES) assay. Mixtures of 17β-estradiol (E2) and humic acid (HA) were evaluated through the Schild approach aiming to investigate the interactions between estrogens and dissolved organic matter (DOM). Moreover, environmental samples from municipal landfill leachate and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influents and effluents were screened for (anti)estrogenic activity at both dissolved and particulate phases. Finally, results were statistically confronted with physicochemical parameters through principal component analysis (PCA). The HA test concentrations strongly reduced the E2 response, even at low levels. Humic substances may not only reduce estrogen bioavailability, but also interfere with the assay mechanism through enzymatic inhibition thus masking the sample estrogenic potential. Landfill leachate had total E2-Eq in the range 1282-2591 ng L

Anxiety is something intrinsic to human beings, which can be recurrent in everyday life, which, at lower intensities, is convenient. However, at higher levels, it becomes aggressive, being divided between trait and state anxiety. The anxiety trait (A-trait) refers to relatively stable individual characteristics regarding the way of coping with anxiety-producing situations. The anxiety state (A-state) is defined as an inconstant emotional state that is identified by unpleasant feelings of tension and apprehension, consciously perceived. The study aimed to identify anxiety traits in Occupational Therapy students at a public university. This is a quantitative research, where data collection was performed by means of the Spielberger Anxiety Trait Inventory (Idate-T), being applied through the Internet (online), sent to personal e-mail and also of the class, and data analysis was performed from the simple tabulation software technique and later used Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. The indications of anxiety traits found in the analysis were that the academics who had indication of moderate and high levels of anxiety represented more than ¼ of the public, being 88% women, 9% men and 3% non-binary, hindering the learning process in graduation, bringing biopsychosocial damage. Thus, it is shown the importance of increasing studies on the mental health of Occupational Therapy students and related areas, and that universities think of strategies that can minimize traces of anxiety above normal. La ansiedad es algo intrínseco al ser humano, que puede ser recurrente en el día a día, lo cual, a bajas intensidades, es conveniente. Sin embargo, a niveles más altos, se vuelve agresiva, dividiéndose entre la ansiedad rasgo y la ansiedad estado. El rasgo de ansiedad (rasgo A) se refiere a las características individuales relativamente estables en cuanto a la forma de afrontar las situaciones que producen ansiedad. El estado de ansiedad (estado A) se define como un estado emocional inconstante que se identifica con sentimientos desagradables de tensión y aprensión, percibidos conscientemente. El estudio tenía como objetivo identificar los rasgos de ansiedad en estudiantes de Terapia Ocupacional de una universidad pública. Se trata de una investigación cuantitativa, donde la recolección de datos se realizó por medio del Inventario de Rasgos de Ansiedad de Spielberger (Idate-T), siendo aplicado a través de Internet (online), enviado al correo electrónico personal y también de la clase, y el análisis de los datos se produjo a partir de la técnica del software de tabulación simple y posteriormente se utilizó la hoja de cálculo Microsoft Excel. Los indicios de rasgos de ansiedad encontrados en el análisis fueron que los becarios que tenían indicios de niveles moderados y altos de ansiedad representaban más de ¼ del público, siendo 88% mujeres, 9% hombres y 3% no binarios, dificultando el proceso de aprendizaje en la graduación, trayendo daños biopsicosociales. Así, se demuestra la importancia de aumentar los estudios sobre la salud mental de los estudiantes de Terapia Ocupacional y áreas afines, y que las universidades piensen en estrategias que puedan minimizar los rastros de ansiedad por encima de lo normal. A ansiedade é algo intrínseco ao ser humano, que pode ser recorrente no dia a dia, a qual, em intensidades menores, é conveniente. Porém, em níveis maiores, se torna agressiva, estando dividida entre traço e estado de ansiedade. O traço de ansiedade (A-traço) refere-se a características individuais relativamente estáveis, quanto à forma de defrontar as situações geradoras de ansiedade. O estado de ansiedade (A-estado) é definido como um estado emocional inconstante que é identificado por sentimentos desagradáveis de tensão e apreensão, conscientemente percebidos. O estudo visou identificar traços de ansiedade em alunos de Terapia Ocupacional de uma universidade pública. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, onde a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio do Inventário de Ansiedade Traço de Spielberger (Idate-T), sendo aplicado através da internet (online), enviado para o e-mail pessoal e, também, da turma, e a análise de dados se deu a partir da técnica de tabulação simples softwares e posteriormente utilizada planilha eletrônica do Microsoft Excel. As indicações de traços de ansiedade encontrados na análise, foram de que os acadêmicos que tiveram indicação de níveis moderado e alto de ansiedade representaram mais de ¼ do público, sendo 88% mulheres, 9% homens e 3% não binário, atrapalhando o processo de aprendizagem na graduação, trazendo prejuízos biopsicossociais. Dessa forma, demonstra-se a importância de se aumentar os estudos referentes à saúde mental dos estudantes de Terapia Ocupacional e áreas afins, e que as universidades pensem em estratégias que possam minimizar os traços de ansiedade acima do normal.

Dentre o conjunto de diretrizes de sustentabilidade para o desenvolvimento de um projeto, parte-se do pressuposto de que o design é indissociável da seleção de materiais e da compreensão dos correspondentes processos e ciclos de vida. Sendo assim, este artigo analisa o potencial das bibliotecas virtuais de materiais - como ferramentas didáticas para o ensino e aprendizagem do design, da arquitetura e urbanismo - através de uma metodologia baseada na coleta, tabulação e análise de dados, segundo critérios previamente estabelecidos a partir do aprofundamento da revisão bibliográfica. Espera-se que a análise de 17 plataformas nacionais e internacionais de materiais, possa contribuir para práticas educativas ao qualificar as possibilidades apresentadas por estes instrumentos de conhecimento, que disponibilizam extensos bancos de dados sobre o complexo e vasto universo dos materiais. Among the set of sustainable guidelines for the development of a project, it is assumed that design is inseparable from the materials selection and the corresponding processes and life cycles understanding. Therefore, this article analyses the potential of virtual material libraries - as didactic tools for teaching and learning about design, architecture and urbanism through a methodology based on the collection, tabulation and data analysis, according to previously established criteria from the literature review deepening. The authors hope that the presented analyses of 17 national and international platforms of materials, may contribute to educational practices by qualifying the possibilities presented by these knowledge tools that offer extensive databases covering the complex and wide field of materials.

Introdução: A leptospirose é uma doença infecciosa, aguda, causada pela Leptospira interrogans. É considerada uma zoonose e possui uma ampla distribuição mundial. Devido ao clima tropical apresentado no estado do Rio de Janeiro, há uma colaboração para a incidência de chuvas fortes seguidas de alagamentos, facilitando a disseminação da bactéria. A transmissão ocorre pelo contato com urina de ratos, guaxinins e gambás contaminados. A leptospirose canina é um problema sanitário de grande importância, por ser a principal fonte de transmissão da bactéria para o homem. Objetivo: o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de leptospirose canina, no município do Rio de Janeiro, entre 2018 e 2021. Materiais e métodos: os dados utilizados no estudo foram obtidos juntamente ao setor de vigilância epidemiológica da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Gerência de Doenças Transmitidas por Vetores e Zoonoses). Resultados: a análise mostrou o diagnóstico de leptospirose canina em vários bairros do município do Rio de Janeiro. Destacam-se o centro do Rio e a zona portuária com a maior incidência de casos, sendo os anos de 2019 e 2021 os anos com maiores taxas de diagnóstico. Há que se enfatizar sobre a importância de refletir sobre ações para combater a doença no município do Rio de Janeiro. Conclusão: nesse contexto, torna-se imprescindível a implementação de estratégias, visando conter a disseminação da bactéria Leptospira interrogans no meio ambiente, reduzindo o número de infecções por ela causadas tanto em humanos quanto em animais.

This article aims to explore, through a qualitative bibliographic search, the benefits brought by the implementation of the Six Sigma methodology, which, in turn, aims to use effective and efficient techniques and tools to improve improvements in any type of process within of a company. The Six Sigma can be defined as a management strategy and highly disciplined quantitative and objective dramatically increase business profitability through improved quality of products and processes and the increased satisfaction of customers and consumers. With the implementation of the Six Sigma methodology the company can recognize, identify opportunities and problems associated with corporate strategy to help reduce costs, increase productivity and address issues to improve the efficiency of all areas, ie the entire process by which the product manufactured passes to the final stage. Este artículo tiene como objetivo explorar, a través de una búsqueda bibliográfica cualitativa, los beneficios que trae la implementación de la metodología Six Sigma, que a su vez, tiene como objetivo utilizar técnicas y herramientas efectivas y eficientes para mejorar las mejoras en cualquier tipo de proceso dentro de de una empresa. Six Sigma se puede definir como una estrategia de gestión disciplinada y altamente cuantitativa con el objetivo de aumentar drásticamente la rentabilidad de las empresas, mejorando la calidad de los productos y procesos y aumentando la satisfacción del cliente y del consumidor. Con la implementación de la metodología Six Sigma, la empresa es capaz de reconocer, identificar oportunidades y problemas vinculados a la estrategia corporativa que ayudan a reducir costos, incrementar la productividad y abordar temas para incrementar la eficiencia en todas las áreas, es decir, todo el proceso a través del cual el producto el producto manufacturado pasa a la etapa final. Este artigo tem como objetivo explorar, através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica de natureza qualitativa, os benefícios trazidos pela implantação da metodologia Seis Sigma que, por sua vez, tem como objetivo utilizar técnicas e ferramentas eficazes e eficientes para aprimorar melhorias em qualquer tipo de processo dentro de uma empresa. O Seis Sigma pode ser definido como uma estratégia gerencial disciplinada e altamente quantitativa com objetivo de aumentar drasticamente a lucratividade das empresas, por meio de melhoria da qualidade de produtos e processos e do aumento da satisfação de clientes e consumidores. Com a implantação da metodologia Seis Sigma a empresa consegue reconhecer, identificar oportunidades e problemas ligados com a estratégia corporativa que ajudem a reduzir custos, aumentar a produtividade e atacar questões para aumentar a eficiência de todas áreas, ou seja, todo processo pelo qual o produto fabricado passa até a etapa final.

Serotonergic psychedelics are emerging as potential antidepressant therapeutic tools, as suggested in a recent randomized controlled trial with ayahuasca for treatment-resistant depression. Preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels increase after treatment with serotoninergic antidepressants, but the exact role of BDNF as a biomarker for diagnostic and treatment of major depression is still poorly understood. Here we investigated serum BDNF levels in healthy controls (N = 45) and patients with treatment-resistant depression (N = 28) before (baseline) and 48 h after (D2) a single dose of ayahuasca or placebo. In our sample, baseline serum BDNF levels did not predict major depression and the clinical characteristics of the patients did not predict their BDNF levels. However, at baseline, serum cortisol was a predictor of serum BDNF levels, where lower levels of serum BDNF were detected in a subgroup of subjects with hypocortisolemia. Moreover, at baseline we found a negative correlation between BDNF and serum cortisol in volunteers with eucortisolemia. After treatment (D2) we observed higher BDNF levels in both patients and controls that ingested ayahuasca (N = 35) when compared to placebo (N = 34). Furthermore, at D2 just patients treated with ayahuasca (N = 14), and not with placebo (N = 14), presented a significant negative correlation between serum BDNF levels and depressive symptoms. This is the first double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial that explored the modulation of BDNF in response to a psychedelic in patients with depression. The results suggest a potential link between the observed antidepressant effects of ayahuasca and changes in serum BDNF, which contributes to the emerging view of using psychedelics as an antidepressant. This trial is registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02914769).

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) are exogenous substances that can potentially mimic hormonal substances and cause adverse effects on the endocrine system of living beings. The behavior and fate of these compounds in the environment is directly related to their physical-chemical properties, which indicate great affinity for solid and organic particles and suggest an inherent mechanism of fractionation between dissolved and particulate phases of aqueous matrices. However, few studies have been considering this fact when quantifying these pollutants and their effects through bioassays. In this study, the fractionation of estrogenic substances between dissolved and particulate phases in an urban stream was investigated via estrogenic activity evaluation by the YES assay. Two fractions of suspended solids (< 0.7 µm and between 0.45 and 0.7 µm) and the dissolved phase were considered and two approaches of SPE percolations were applied. Total estradiol equivalent (E2-Eq) values were observed in the 29–65 ng L−1 range, of which 35–62% were associated with the particulate phase. Most of the estrogenicity was associated with particles between 0.45 and 0.7 µm, whereas cytotoxicity was induced by extracts of particles greater than 0.7 µm. Results demonstrated the importance of solid fractions analysis towards the quantification of total estrogenic activity from aqueous environmental matrices and highlights the relevance of controlling fine suspended solids in sewage treatment plant effluents, regarding the control of endocrine disrupters in the environment.

Este artigo tem como objetivo explorar, através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica de natureza qualitativa, os benefícios trazidos pela implantação da metodologia Seis Sigma que, por sua vez, tem como objetivo utilizar técnicas e ferramentas eficazes e eficientes para aprimorar melhorias em qualquer tipo de processo dentro de uma empresa. O Seis Sigma pode ser definido como uma estratégia gerencial disciplinada e altamente quantitativa com objetivo de aumentar drasticamente a lucratividade das empresas, por meio de melhoria da qualidade de produtos e processos e do aumento da satisfação de clientes e consumidores. Com a implantação da metodologia Seis Sigma a empresa consegue reconhecer, identificar oportunidades e problemas ligados com a estratégia corporativa que ajudem a reduzir custos, aumentar a produtividade e atacar questões para aumentar a eficiência de todas áreas, ou seja, todo processo pelo qual o produto fabricado passa até a etapa final.

Major depression is a highly prevalent mood disorder, affecting about 350 million people, and around 30% of the patients are resistant to currently available antidepressant medications. Recent evidence from a randomized placebo-controlled trial supports the rapid antidepressant effects of the psychedelic ayahuasca in treatment-resistant depression. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of ayahuasca on plasma cortisol and awakening salivary cortisol response, in the same group of treatment-resistant patients and in healthy volunteers. Subjects received a single dose of ayahuasca or placebo, and both plasma and awakening salivary cortisol response were measured at baseline (before dosing) and 48h after the dosing session. Baseline assessment (D0) showed blunted awakening salivary cortisol response and hypocortisolemia in patients (DM), both with respect to healthy controls group (C). Salivary cortisol also was measured during dosing session and we observed a large increased for both C and DM that ingested ayahuasca, than placebo groups. After 48h of the dosing session (D2) with ayahuasca, awakening salivary cortisol response (for both sexes) of treated patients became similar to levels detected in controls. This was not observed in patients that ingested placebo. No changes in plasma cortisol were observed after 48 hours of ayahuasca or placebo ingestion for both groups and sexes. Therefore, these findings point to new evidence of modulation of ayahuasca on salivary cortisol levels, as cortisol acts in regulation of distinct physiological pathways, emotional and cognitive processes related to etiology of depression, this modulation could be an important part of the antidepressant effects observed with ayahuasca. Moreover, this study highlights the importance of psychedelics in the treatment of human mental disorders.

The incidence of major depression in adolescents, aged between 15 to 18 years, reaches approximately 14%. Usually, this disorder presents a recurrent way, without remission of symptoms even after several pharmacological treatments, persisting through adult life. Due to the relatively low efficacy of commercially available antidepressant, new pharmacological therapies are under continuous exploration. Recent evidence suggests that classic psychedelics, such as ayahuasca, produce rapid and robust antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant depression patients. In this study, we evaluated the potential of antidepressant effects of ayahuasca in a juvenile model of depression in a non-human primate, common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). The model induces depressive-like symptoms by chronic social isolation (60 days) and antidepressant effects monitoring included fecal cortisol, body weight, and behavioral parameters. The animals presented hypocortisolemia and the recovery of cortisol to baseline levels started already at 24h after the ingestion of ayahuasca, but not the vehicle. Moreover, in males, ayahuasca, and not the vehicle, reduced the scratching, a stereotypic behavior, and increased the feeding. Ayahuasca also improving body weight to baseline levels in male and female common marmosets. The behavioral response induced by ayahuasca shows long effect, lasting 14 days. Therefore, for this translational animal model of juvenile depression, it could be proposed that ayahuasca treatment presented more notable antidepressant effects than tricyclic antidepressant nortriptyline, investigated by our group, using this same protocol in an anterior study. Ayahuasca produced faster and more durable effect on reversion of physiological changes and depressive-like symptoms. Therefore, the results found for ayahuasca treatment corroborates in the validation of this substance as an effective antidepressant drug and encourages the return of studies with psychedelic drugs in the treatment of humor disorders, including adolescents with early-age depression. Keywords: translational animal model, non-human primate, common marmoset, behaviors, cortisol, early-age depression, psychedelic drugs.

Neuroendocrine tumours are a heterogeneous group of diseases with a significant variety of diagnostic tests and treatment modalities. Guidelines were developed by North American and European groups to recommend their best management. However, local particularities and relativisms found worldwide led us to create Brazilian guidelines. Our consensus considered the best feasible strategies in an environment involving more limited resources. We believe that our recommendations may be extended to other countries with similar economic standards. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Canc Estado Sao Paulo, BR-01246000 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Radiol & Oncol, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo, Brazil Hosp Sirio Libanes, BR-01308050 Sao Paulo, Brazil Hosp Moinhos de Vento Porto Alegre, BR-90035000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Oncoctr, BR-30360680 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Cirurgia, BR-90040060 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Hosp Clin Porto Alegre, BR-90035903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Univ Fed Ceara, Fac Med, Dept Fisiol & Farmacol, BR-60020180 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil Hosp Univ Walter Cantidio, BR-60430370 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil Inst Nacl Canc, BR-20230240 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Disciplina Endocrinol & Metabol, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo, Brazil AC Camargo Canc Ctr, Dept Surg, BR-01509010 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Gastroenterol, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Fed Ciencias Saude Porto Alegre, BR-90050170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Hosp Albert Einstein, BR-05652900 Sao Paulo, Brazil Hosp Base, Fac Med Sao Jose do Rio Preto, BR-15090000 Sao Paulo, Brazil Santa Casa Sao Jose do Rio Preto, BR-15025500 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, Brazil Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana, Hosp Erasto Gaertner, BR-81520060 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, BR-59300000 Natal, RN, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Coracao, BR-05403900 Sao Paulo, Brazil AC Camargo Canc Ctr, Med Oncol, BR-01509010 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Disciplina Gastroenterol, BR-04021001 Sao Paulo, Brazil Hosp Sao Rafael, BR-41253190 Salvador, BA, Brazil Hosp Canc Barretos, Dept Cirurgia Aparelho Digest Alto & Hepatobiliop, BR-14784400 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Patol, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo, Brazil Clin AMO, BR-1950640 Salvador, BA, Brazil Hosp Sao Jose, BR-01323001 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Nove de Julho, BR-02111030 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Disciplina Gastroenterol, BR-04021001 Sao Paulo, Brazil Web of Science

O esgotamento de reservas de petróleo e os problemas ambientais fomentados pela combustão de combustíveis fósseis gera interesse na utilização de biomassas na obtenção de combustíveis e produtos químicos. O bio-óleo, líquido viscoso de coloração escura, produzido mediante pirólise de biomassa, consiste em uma mistura complexa de compostos orgânicos. O tegumento do grão de café (silverskin), é subproduto oriundo da torra deste, sendo atualmente descartado, representando um grave problema ambiental. Logo, neste estudo foi otimizado a temperatura final e a vazão de gás inerte para a pirólise de silverskin em reator de leito fixo, utilizando um delineamento composto central aliado à superfície de resposta. Os valores ótimos calculados foram 560 °C, para a temperatura final de pirólise, e 49,4 mL.min-1, para a vazão de N2, sendo obtido um rendimento de fase orgânica de 15,2 ± 0,3% nessas condições. A composição química desse bio-óleo foi avaliada por cromatografia gasosa bidimensional abrangente acoplada à espectrometria de massas quadrupolar (GC×GC/qMS), aliado à utilização de padrões e de índices de retenção. Foram identificados 228 compostos (90,1% da amostra) nesse bio-óleo. A classe química majoritária, em termos de volume percentual, foi a dos fenóis (27%), seguida dos compostos nitrogenados (18,4%). Além disso, vale ressaltar a elevada representatividade da classe dos hidrocarbonetos saturados (8,3%), insaturados alifáticos (6,7%) e aromáticos (7,8%), que juntos somam 22,8% da amostra. Os resultados apontam que o bio-óleo de silverskin possui potencial para atuar como fonte de insumos químicos. The depletion of oil reserves and environmental issues promoted by the combustion of fossil fuels generates interest in the use of biomass to obtain fuel and chemicals. The bio-oil, a dark colored viscous liquid produced by pyrolysis of biomass, is a complex mixture of organic compounds. The coffee bean tegument (silverskin), is a by-product derived from the coffee roasting. This residue has been discarded, which constitutes a serious environmental problem. Therefore, this study has optimized the final temperature and the flow of inert gas for the pyrolysis of silverskin in a fixed bed reactor, by using a central composite design and response surface. The optimal values calculated were 560 °C for the final pyrolysis temperature, and 49.4 mL min-1 for the N2 flow rate. The organic phase yield was 15.2 ± 0.3% under these conditions. The bio-oil chemical composition was evaluated by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC×GC/qMS), combined with the use of standards and retention indexes. 228 compounds were identified (90.1% of the sample) in this bio-oil. The major chemical class, in terms of volume percentage, were the phenols (27%), followed by nitrogen compounds (18.4%). In addition, it is worth mentioning the high representability of the saturated hydrocarbons (8.3%), unsaturated aliphatic (6.7%), and aromatics (7.8%), which together account for 22.8% of the sample. The results show that the silverskin bio-oil has the potential as a source of chemical inputs.

A contaminação de corpos hídricos pelas atividades humanas tem sido uma problemática cada vez mais frequente, haja vista que a população aumenta em grandes proporções e a infraestrutura e planejamento urbano acabam não acompanhando todo esse avanço demográfico. Um dos contaminantes que tem se mostrado de grande impacto para os corpos hídricos, principalmente subterrâneos, têm sido o necrochorume decorrente da putrefação dos corpos dos cemitérios. Como não houve licenciamento dos cemitérios São José e São Francisco na cidade de Castanhal-PA essa pesquisa buscou informações acerca do abastecimento de água no entorno para obter dados acerca da prevenção de possível contaminação da população do entorno pelo necrochorume. Dessa forma, com a pesquisa, pode-se perceber que devido o abastecimento da cosanpa ser precário no local, a maioria das pessoas opta por perfurar um poço em sua residência. Isso se mostrou um grande risco, pois não há estudos antes da perfuração e nenhum tipo de impedimento da prefeitura para isso. Além disso, muitas pessoas que possuem poços afirmaram ingerir a água da torneira, sem nenhum tipo de tratamento.

INCT/CSF - Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Comunicações sem Fio CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico As tecnologias wireless vêm evoluindo de forma rápida nas últimas décadas, pois são uma eficiente alternativa para transmissão de informações, sejam dados, voz, vídeos e demais serviços de rede. O conhecimento do processo de propagação dessas informações em diferentes ambientes é um fator de grande importância para o planejamento e o desenvolvimento de sistemas de comunicações sem fio. Devido ao rápido avanço e popularização dessas redes, os serviços oferecidos tornaram-se mais complexos e com isso, necessitam de requisitos de qualidades para que sejam ofertados ao usuário final de forma satisfatória. Devido a isso, torna-se necessário aos projetistas desses sistemas, uma metodologia que ofereça uma melhor avaliação do ambiente indoor. Essa avaliação é feita através da análise da área de cobertura e do comportamento das métricas de serviços multimídia em qualquer posição do ambiente que está recebendo o serviço. O trabalho desenvolvido nessa dissertação objetiva avaliar uma metodologia para a predição de métricas de qualidade de experiência. Para isso, foram realizadas campanhas de medições de transmissões de vídeo em uma rede sem fio e foram avaliados alguns parâmetros da rede (jitter de pacotes/frames, perda de pacotes/frames) e alguns parâmetros de qualidade de experiência (PSNR, SSIM e VQM). Os resultados apresentaram boa concordância com os modelos da literatura e com as medições. Wireless technologies have evolved rapidly in recent decades. It is an efficient alternative to transmit information, whether data, voice, video and other network services. Knowledge of the propagation process of this information in different environments is a factor of great importance for the planning and development of wireless communications systems. Because of the rapid progress and popularization of these networks, the services offered become more complex and therefore need requirements for qualities that are offered to the end user in a satisfactory manner. Because of this, it is necessary to designers of these systems, a methodology that provides a better assessment of the indoor environment. This assessment is made by analyzing the coverage area and the behavior of the metrics of multimedia services anywhere in the environment that is receiving the service. The work in this study intends to evaluate a methodology for the prediction of quality metrics experience. For this, measurements of video streaming campaigns were conducted in a wireless network and network parameters (packet/frames jitter and packet/frames loss) and some quality parameters of experience (PSNR, VQM and SSIM) were evaluated. The results showed good agreement with literature data and with measurements.

RESUMO a criança desenvolve as habilidades motoras, cognitivas, comportamento emocional e moral por meio da brincadeira e da interação social, que continuam no decorrer da vida. A variedade de jogos e/ou brincadeiras contextualiza e favorece o desenvolvimento motor adequado, sendo fundamental para aprendizagem motora. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a utilização do lúdico como recurso terapêutico na prática da fisioterapia pediátrica, por meio da revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados indexadas: PubMed, Cochrane, Medline e Lilacs, utilizando-se as palavras-chave "Child", "Play and Playthings", "Physical Therapy Modalities" com o operador booleano "and". Foram levantados 15 estudos, sendo cinco sobre a utilização da atividade lúdica por meio de jogos e brincadeiras, nove por meio de jogos eletrônicos e realidade virtual e um envolvendo ambas as modalidades. As categorias mostraram benefícios e boa aceitação pelas crianças envolvidas: melhora na postura e equilíbrio corporal, motivação, fortalecimento de vínculo, maior mobilidade, redução de sintomas de dor, fadiga, ansiedade e distúrbios de sono; a melhora da função de assoalho pélvico, melhora no desempenho físico, equilíbrio, destreza, força de preensão e movimentação dos membros superiores e maior satisfação com a terapia. ABSTRACT The child develops motor, cognitive, emotional and moral behavior through play and social interaction, which continue throughout life. The variety of games and/or games contextualizes and provides adequate motor development, and is fundamental for motor learning. The present study aimed to investigate the use of play as a therapeutic resource in the practice of pediatric physical therapy, through a bibliographic review in the indexed databases: PubMed, Cochrane, Medline and Lilacs, using the keywords "Child", " "Play and Playthings", "Physical Therapy Modalities" with the Boolean operator "and". A total of 15 studies were collected including five on the use of play activity through games and play, and nine through electronic games and virtual reality, and one involving both modalities. The categories showed benefits and good acceptance by the involved children: improved posture and body balance, motivation, bond strength, greater mobility, reduction of pain symptoms, fatigue, anxiety and sleep disorders; improvement of pelvic floor function, improvement in physical performance, balance, dexterity, grip strength and upper limb movement, and greater satisfaction with therapy.