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Background Circumferential burn of chest (CBC) is a significant type of burn and considers as a major cause of restrictive lung disease (RLD). Patient who has CBC with RLD leads to respiratory symptoms such as breathing difficulty, airway obstruction, reduced exercise capacity and altered pulmonary functions. However, studies examining the role of pranayama breathing exercise on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle activity and exercise tolerance in full thickness circumferential burn of chest are lacking. Objective To find the short term effects of pranayama breathing exercise on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle activity and exercise tolerance in full thickness circumferential burns of chest. Methods Through simple random sampling method thirty subjects (N = 30) with RLD following CBC were allocated to pranayama breathing exercise group (PBE-G; n = 15) and conventional breathing exercise group (CBE-G; n = 15). They received pranayama breathing exercise and conventional breathing exercise for 4 weeks respectively. All the subjects received chest mobility exercise as common treatment. Primary (Numeric Pain Rating Scale - NPRS, forced expiratory volume (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) and secondary (Electromyogram of sternocleidomastoid, scalene, external intercostal and diaphragm muscle, 6 min walk test & Global Rating of Change - GRC) outcome measures were measured at baseline, after four weeks and after three months follow up. Results Baseline demographic and clinical variables show homogenous distribution between the groups (p > 0.05). Four weeks following different breathing exercises, PBE-G group shows more significant changes in pain intensity, pulmonary function, respiratory muscle activity, exercise tolerance and global rating of change than CBE-G group (p ≤ 0.05) at four weeks and three months follow up. Conclusion Both groups showed improvement over time. However, differences between the groups were noticed small. Still physiotherapy management, which included pranayama breathing exercises with chest mobilization program, had an effective strategy in the treatment of restrictive lung disease following circumferential burn of chest.

Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathies are a het-erogeneous group of disorders caused by neuronal dysfunction in patients with diabetes. DPNs cause different pathological changes in sensory, Motor and Function levels in Diabetic patients. Aim of Study: Was to investigate the effect of Kinesio tape and resistive exercise on dorsiflexors' functional perform-ance in diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy and compare between them. Subjects and Methods: Forty Type II diabetic patients-controlled-diagnosed by Physician and confirmed by Labora-tory investigations (HbA1c, FBG) with Mild DPNs, their ages from 50-60 years old were assigned to two equal Groups (Group A) was treated with resistive exercise for eight weeks, three times per week. And (Group B) who were treated with KinesioTM tape that was applied to dorsiflexors 24 hours a day and was replaced every 5 days for 8 weeks. For evaluation of the muscle strength Hand held Dynamometer were used (Lafayette Manual Muscle Tester, Model #01163), while the functional performance was evaluated using the 6 minutes walking test. Results: In Group A the mean value of muscle strength of the right dorsiflexors improved from (295.4±84.7) to (334.5 ±104.0) with the mean difference (39.2±63.2) which is a significant difference. The mean value of muscle strength of the left side improved from (296.2±115.2) to (310.8±111.1) with the mean difference (14.7±68.8) which is not a significant difference. The mean value of functional performance im-proved from (345.6±62.8) to (376.4±70.9) with the mean difference (30.7±31.8) which is a significant difference. In Group (B) the mean value of muscle strength of the right side improved from (296.1±66.8) to (385.5±102.5) with the mean difference (89.4±78.0) which is a significant difference, the mean value of muscle strength of the left side improved from (293.5±72.8) to (385.5±102.5) with the mean difference (89.4±78.0) which is a significant difference and the mean value of functional performance improved from (344.1±73.2) to (388.4±84.7) with the mean difference (44.3±38.8) which is a significant difference. In Conclusion: Both KinesioTM tape and resistive exercise improve the dorsiflexors and functional performance without significant difference between them on Dorsiflexors' strength and patients functional performance in diabetic polyneuropathy.

BACKGROUND Pneumonia is the foremost cause of child death worldwide. M-ficolin is encoded by the FCN1 gene and represents a novel link between innate and adaptive immunity. OBJECTIVES To investigate the FCN1 -144 C/A (rs10117466) polymorphism as a potential marker for pneumonia severity and adverse outcome namely complications or mortality in the under-five Egyptian children. METHODS This was a prospective multicenter study that included 620 children hospitalized with World Health Organization-defined severe pneumonia and 620 matched healthy control children. Polymorphism rs10117466 of the FCN1 gene promoter was analyzed by PCR-SSP, while serum M-ficolin levels were assessed by ELISA. RESULTS The FCN1 A/A genotype and A allele at the -144 position were more frequently observed in patients compared to the control children (43.4% vs 27.6%; odds ratio [OR]: 1.62; [95% confidence interval {CI}: 1.18-2.2]; for the A/A genotype) and (60.8% vs 52.5%; OR: 1.4; [95% CI: 1.19-1.65]; for the A allele); P

Background: Impairment of peripheral skeletal muscle function is a common phenomenon in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) in addition to great clinical connotations, such as lack of exercise tolerance and decrease of health-related quality of life. There is very limited data on the effects of maximal exercise on muscle fatiguability and exercise capacity in children with cystic fibrosis. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of progressive maximal exercise training of the lower extremities on exercise capacity and muscle fatiguability in children with cystic fibrosis.Study design: Between June and September 2017, eighteen children aged 8-12 years were recruited in this study. This study had two groups of children; the CF group consisted of nine children (6 males and 3 females) with cystic fibrosis and the control group consisted of nine healthy age matched children (6 males and 3 females). The children underwent a progressive maximal cardiopulmonary exercise cycling test (CPET), muscle fatigue test, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure a muscle cross-section area (CSA). Also, pulmonary functions were assessed.Results: The findings of this study showed that the CF children had less pulmonary functions, had a less exercise capacity, and had a higher breathing reserve index and oxygen desaturation when compared with healthy children (p0.05). Conclusion: This study indicates that progressive maximal exercise doesn’t affect muscle fatiguability, muscle cross-section area, and maximal voluntary contraction in CF children with moderate respiratory diseases but includes lower exercise capacity. CF children and healthy age matched children have similar responses to maximal exercise in muscle fatiguability, muscle cross-section area, and maximal voluntary contractions but lower exercise capacity in the CF group.Keywords: Cystic fibrosis, children, lower extremities, exercise capacity, muscle fatiguability.

OBJECTIVES: Psychiatric depression disorder is common in patients with systolic congestive heart failure (HF), and both conditions share underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. The incidence rate of depression disorder has clearly increased with the increase in HF manifestations in recent decades. Depression disorder is considered an independent predisposing factor for hospitalization, disturbed functional performance, and high rates of morbidity and mortality in HF patients. This randomized controlled study was designed to examine the impacts of low- to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training on depression status in patients with systolic congestive HF. METHODS: A total of 46 systolic congestive HF patients with depression (40-60 years of age) were randomized to receive twelve weeks of mild- to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise plus standard medical treatment (exercise group) or standard medical treatment without any exercise intervention (control group). Depression status was examined using the validated Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ9) pre- and post-intervention at the end of the study program. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between the exercise and control groups in demographic data or clinical characteristics (p>0.05). Both study groups showed a significant reduction in depression status at the end of the 12-week intervention (p

This study aimed to evaluate the association between physical activity level and health-related quality of life in community-dwelling middle aged and older adults in Egypt. Between May and August 2017, a cross-sectional study of 184 middle-aged and older adults between the ages of 55 and 64 years old (129 males and 55 females) with a mean age of 58 ± 4.3 years old participated in this study. Study participants were classified into 3 groups based on their level of physical activity (walking duration); low level of physical activity (300 minutes/week). The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was calculated using the Euro-Quality of life-5dimensions-3 levels scale questionnaire (EuroQol-5D-3L). Spearman's correlation coefficient was performed to determine the correlation between the physical activity level and HRQoL scores in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults. The results showed a significant correlation between the physical activity levels and HRQoL dimensions. Significant differences were observed in the HRQoL scores between high, moderate and low-physical activity groups (P