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25,324 results on '"Ahmad, S"'

8. Collision energy dependence of elliptic flow of identified hadrons in heavy-ion collisions using the PHSD model

Author

Towseef, B., Farooq, M., Bairathi, V., Waseem, B., Kabana, S., and Ahmad, S.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report the first predictions of elliptic flow ($v_2$) of identified hadrons at mid-rapidity ($|y| <$ 1.0) in Au+Au collisions at $E_{lab} =$ 6.7, 8, 11, and 25 A GeV using the Parton Hadron String Dynamics (PHSD) model. The transverse momentum ($p_\mathrm{T}$) dependence of identified hadron $v_2$ in different centrality intervals (0-10%, 10-40%, and 40-80%) are shown. A clear centrality dependence of $v_2(p_\mathrm{T})$ is observed for particles at $E_{lab} = $ 25 and 11 A GeV, while the centrality dependence becomes weaker for particles at $E_{lab} = $ 8 and 6.7 A GeV. Within the PHSD model, the number of constituent quark (NCQ) scaling of $v_2$ approximately follows in Au+Au collisions at all beam energies. A collision energy ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}$) dependence of $\pi$, $K$, and $p$ $v_2$ is studied in comparison with available published experimental data in the beam energy range of 6-25 A GeV. These predictions will help in interpreting the data from the forthcoming Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) and Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) at the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider facility (NICA)., Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures

Published
2024

13. Measurements of Chemical Potentials in Pb-Pb Collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV

Author

Acharya, S, Adamová, D, Rinella, G Aglieri, Aglietta, L, Agnello, M, Agrawal, N, Ahammed, Z, Ahmad, S, Ahn, SU, Ahuja, I, Akindinov, A, Al-Turany, M, Aleksandrov, D, Alessandro, B, Alfanda, HM, Molina, R Alfaro, Ali, B, Alici, A, Alizadehvandchali, N, Alkin, A, Alme, J, Alocco, G, Alt, T, Altamura, AR, Altsybeev, I, Alvarado, JR, Anaam, MN, Andrei, C, Andreou, N, Andronic, A, Andronov, E, Anguelov, V, Antinori, F, Antonioli, P, Apadula, N, Aphecetche, L, Appelshäuser, H, Arata, C, Arcelli, S, Aresti, M, Arnaldi, R, Arneiro, JGMCA, Arsene, IC, Arslandok, M, Augustinus, A, Averbeck, R, Azmi, MD, Baba, H, Badalà, A, Bae, J, Baek, YW, Bai, X, Bailhache, R, Bailung, Y, Bala, R, Balbino, A, Baldisseri, A, Balis, B, Banerjee, D, Banoo, Z, Barile, F, Barioglio, L, Barlou, M, Barman, B, Barnaföldi, GG, Barnby, LS, Barreau, E, Barret, V, Barreto, L, Bartels, C, Barth, K, Bartsch, E, Bastid, N, Basu, S, Batigne, G, Battistini, D, Batyunya, B, Bauri, D, Alba, JL Bazo, Bearden, IG, Beattie, C, Becht, P, Behera, D, Belikov, I, Hechavarria, ADC Bell, Bellini, F, Bellwied, R, Belokurova, S, Beltran, LGE, Beltran, YAV, Bencedi, G, Beole, S, Berdnikov, Y, Berdnikova, A, Bergmann, L, Besoiu, MG, Betev, L, Bhaduri, PP, Bhasin, A, and Bhat, MA

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, ALICE Collaboration, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

This Letter presents the most precise measurement to date of the matter-antimatter imbalance at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV. Using the Statistical Hadronization framework, it is possible to obtain the value of the electric charge and baryon chemical potentials, μ_{Q}=-0.18±0.90  MeV and μ_{B}=0.71±0.45  MeV, with unprecedented precision. A centrality-differential study of the antiparticle-to-particle yield ratios of charged pions, protons, Ω baryons, and light (hyper)nuclei is performed. These results indicate that the system created in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC is on average baryon-free and electrically neutral at midrapidity.

Published
2024

15. Development of compact transcriptional effectors using high-throughput measurements in diverse contexts

Author

Tycko, Josh, Van, Mike V., Aradhana, DelRosso, Nicole, Ye, Hanrong, Yao, David, Valbuena, Raeline, Vaughan-Jackson, Alun, Xu, Xiaoshu, Ludwig, Connor, Spees, Kaitlyn, Liu, Katherine, Gu, Mingxin, Khare, Venya, Mukund, Adi Xiyal, Suzuki, Peter H., Arana, Sophia, Zhang, Catherine, Du, Peter P., Ornstein, Thea S., Hess, Gaelen T., Kamber, Roarke A., Qi, Lei S., Khalil, Ahmad S., Bintu, Lacramioara, and Bassik, Michael C.

Published
2024
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33. Gender, Sexual, Ethnic, Color and Disability-Related Epithets and Labels across Languages: Evidence from Arabic Subtitling of English Movies and Series

Author

Saed, Hadeel, Haider, Ahmad S., and Tair, Sausan Abu

Abstract

Labels and epithets relating to gender, sexuality, ethnicity, color, and disability have long been divided into acceptable and offensive categories. This paper examines how differences in culture and historical contexts can cause an issue when translating English media into Arabic by examining how they are subtitled in different contexts. Examples of dialogue that used offensive or inoffensive labels were extracted from different media for the purpose of this study, which included four movies, eight series, and one TV show. The films included "Passing," "Perks of Being a Wallflower," "Gook" and "The Fundamentals of Caring"; the series comprised "Atlanta," "Breaking Bad," "Fresh of the Boat," "Derry Girls," "I Am Not Okay With This," "Dead End Paranormal Park," "Feel Good," and "Degrassi: Next Class"; and the TV show was "Atypical." The examined translations were chosen with the least potential influence of ideological manipulation and censorship; therefore, they were either Netflix or fan translations. Comparing and contrasting the degree of offense in the source and target texts and analyzing the reasoning behind this, it was found that the English and Arabic terms may have similar components but lacked the same connotations for their language speakers. What makes certain labels positive or neutral and others negative is beyond their semantic components; instead, the weight comes from the background and usage of the terms. Direct translations or even keeping the term as it was originally failed at providing the Arabic-speaking audience the same impact as that of the ST since there is still a contextual gap. This also means that having the same referent does not mean that words have the same sense. This suggests that using target language terms that refer to the same group as the source text could result in inadequate translations. The study recommends that further studies be conducted on how translators may purposely manipulate texts for ideological purposes or to meet censorship criteria.

Published
2023

46. Small-scale cosmic ray anisotropy observed by the GRAPES-3 experiment at TeV energies

Author

Chakraborty, M., Ahmad, S., Chandra, A., Dugad, S. R., Goswami, U. D., Gupta, S. K., Hariharan, B., Hayashi, Y., Jagadeesan, P., Jain, A., Jain, P., Kawakami, S., Koi, T., Kojima, H., Mahapatra, S., Mohanty, P. K., Moharana, R., Muraki, Y., Nayak, P. K., Nonaka, T., Nakamura, T., Oshima, A., Pant, B. P., Pattanaik, D., Paul, S., Pradhan, G. S., Rameez, M., Ramesh, K., Saha, S., Sahoo, R., Scaria, R., Shibata, S., Tabata, T., Takamaru, H., Tanaka, K., Varsi, F., Yamazaki, K., and Zuberi, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

GRAPES-3 is a mid-altitude (2200 m) and near equatorial ($11.4^{\circ}$ North) air shower array, overlapping in its field of view for cosmic ray observations with experiments that are located in Northern and Southern hemispheres. We analyze a sample of $3.7\times10^9$ cosmic ray events collected by the GRAPES-3 experiment between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2016 with a median energy of $\sim16$ TeV for study of small-scale ($<60^{\circ}$) angular scale anisotropies. We observed two structures labeled as A and B, deviate from the expected isotropic distribution of cosmic rays in a statistically significant manner. Structure `A' spans $50^{\circ}$ to $80^{\circ}$ in the right ascension and $-15^{\circ}$ to $30^{\circ}$ in the declination coordinate. The relative excess observed in the structure A is at the level of $(6.5\pm1.3)\times10^{-4}$ with a statistical significance of 6.8 standard deviations. Structure `B' is observed in the right ascension range of $110^{\circ}$ to $140^{\circ}$. The relative excess observed in this region is at the level of $(4.9\pm1.4)\times10^{-4}$ with a statistical significance of 4.7 standard deviations. These structures are consistent with those reported by Milagro, ARGO-YBJ, and HAWC. These observations could provide a better understanding of the cosmic ray sources, propagation and the magnetic structures in our Galaxy.

Published
2023

48. Pericytes Enrich the Basement Membrane and Reduce Neutrophil Transmigration in an In Vitro Model of Peripheral Inflammation at the Blood-Brain Barrier.

Author

McCloskey, Molly, Ahmad, S, Widom, Louis, Kasap, Pelin, Gastfriend, Benjamin, Shusta, Eric, Palecek, Sean, Engelhardt, Britta, Gaborski, Thomas, Flax, Jonathan, Waugh, Richard, and McGrath, James

Abstract

Sepsis is the most lethal and expensive condition treated in intensive care units. Sepsis survivors frequently suffer long-term cognitive impairment, which has been linked to the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) during a sepsis-associated cytokine storm. Because animal models poorly recapitulate sepsis pathophysiology, human models are needed to understand sepsis-associated brain injury and to develop novel therapeutic strategies. With the concurrent emergence of tissue chip technologies and the maturation of protocols for human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC), we can now develop advanced in vitro models of the human BBB and immune system to understand the relationship between systemic inflammation and brain injury. Here, we present a BBB model of the primary barrier developed on the μSiM (microphysiological system enabled by an ultrathin silicon nanomembrane) tissue chip platform. The model features isogenically matched hiPSC-derived extended endothelial culture method brain microvascular endothelial cell-like cells (EECM-BMEC-like cells) and brain pericyte-like cells (BPLCs) in a back-to-back coculture separated by the ultrathin (100 nm) membrane. Both endothelial monocultures and cocultures with pericytes responded to sepsis-like stimuli, with increased small-molecule permeability, although no differences were detected between culture conditions. Conversely, BPLC coculture reduced the number of neutrophils that crossed the EECM-BMEC-like cell monolayer under sepsis-like stimulation. Interestingly, this barrier protection was not seen when the stimulus originated from the tissue side. Our studies are consistent with the reported role for pericytes in regulating leukocyte trafficking during sepsis but indicate that EECM-BMEC-like cells alone are sufficient to maintain the restrictive small-molecule permeability of the BBB.

Published
2024

49. Measurements of long-range two-particle correlation over a wide pseudorapidity range in p–Pb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV

Author

Acharya, S, Adamová, D, Aglieri Rinella, G, Agnello, M, Agrawal, N, Ahammed, Z, Ahmad, S, Ahn, SU, Ahuja, I, Akindinov, A, Al-Turany, M, Aleksandrov, D, Alessandro, B, Alfanda, HM, Alfaro Molina, R, Ali, B, Alici, A, Alizadehvandchali, N, Alkin, A, Alme, J, Alocco, G, Alt, T, Altamura, AR, Altsybeev, I, Anaam, MN, Andrei, C, Andreou, N, Andronic, A, Anguelov, V, Antinori, F, Antonioli, P, Apadula, N, Aphecetche, L, Appelshäuser, H, Arata, C, Arcelli, S, Aresti, M, Arnaldi, R, Arneiro, JGMCA, Arsene, IC, Arslandok, M, Augustinus, A, Averbeck, R, Azmi, MD, Baba, H, Badalà, A, Bae, J, Baek, YW, Bai, X, Bailhache, R, Bailung, Y, Balbino, A, Baldisseri, A, Balis, B, Banerjee, D, Banoo, Z, Barbera, R, Barile, F, Barioglio, L, Barlou, M, Barman, B, Barnaföldi, GG, Barnby, LS, Barret, V, Barreto, L, Bartels, C, Barth, K, Bartsch, E, Bastid, N, Basu, S, Batigne, G, Battistini, D, Batyunya, B, Bauri, D, Bazo Alba, JL, Bearden, IG, Beattie, C, Becht, P, Behera, D, Belikov, I, Bell Hechavarria, ADC, Bellini, F, Bellwied, R, Belokurova, S, Beltran, YAV, Bencedi, G, Beole, S, Berdnikov, Y, Berdnikova, A, Bergmann, L, Besoiu, MG, Betev, L, Bhaduri, PP, Bhasin, A, Bhat, MA, Bhattacharjee, B, Bianchi, L, Bianchi, N, Bielčík, J, and Bielčíková, J

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Collective Flow, Heavy Ion Experiments, Particle Correlations and Fluctuations, Mathematical Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical physics, Nuclear and plasma physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

Correlations in azimuthal angle extending over a long range in pseudorapidity between particles, usually called the “ridge” phenomenon, were discovered in heavy-ion collisions, and later found in pp and p–Pb collisions. In large systems, they are thought to arise from the expansion (collective flow) of the produced particles. Extending these measurements over a wider range in pseudorapidity and final-state particle multiplicity is important to understand better the origin of these long-range correlations in small collision systems. In this Letter, measurements of the long-range correlations in p–Pb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV are extended to a pseudorapidity gap of ∆η ~ 8 between particles using the ALICE forward multiplicity detectors. After suppressing non-flow correlations, e.g., from jet and resonance decays, the ridge structure is observed to persist up to a very large gap of ∆η ~ 8 for the first time in p–Pb collisions. This shows that the collective flow-like correlations extend over an extensive pseudorapidity range also in small collision systems such as p–Pb collisions. The pseudorapidity dependence of the second-order anisotropic flow coefficient, v2(η), is extracted from the long-range correlations. The v2(η) results are presented for a wide pseudorapidity range of –3.1 < η < 4.8 in various centrality classes in p–Pb collisions. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the source of anisotropic flow in small collision systems, the v2(η) measurements are compared with hydrodynamic and transport model calculations. The comparison suggests that the final-state interactions play a dominant role in developing the anisotropic flow in small collision systems.

Published
2024

50. Multiplicity and event-scale dependent flow and jet fragmentation in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV and in p–Pb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV

Author

Acharya, S, Adamová, D, Aglieri Rinella, G, Agnello, M, Agrawal, N, Ahammed, Z, Ahmad, S, Ahn, SU, Ahuja, I, Akindinov, A, Al-Turany, M, Aleksandrov, D, Alessandro, B, Alfanda, HM, Alfaro Molina, R, Ali, B, Alici, A, Alizadehvandchali, N, Alkin, A, Alme, J, Alocco, G, Alt, T, Altamura, AR, Altsybeev, I, Alvarado, JR, Anaam, MN, Andrei, C, Andreou, N, Andronic, A, Anguelov, V, Antinori, F, Antonioli, P, Apadula, N, Aphecetche, L, Appelshäuser, H, Arata, C, Arcelli, S, Aresti, M, Arnaldi, R, Arneiro, JGMCA, Arsene, IC, Arslandok, M, Augustinus, A, Averbeck, R, Azmi, MD, Baba, H, Badalà, A, Bae, J, Baek, YW, Bai, X, Bailhache, R, Bailung, Y, Balbino, A, Baldisseri, A, Balis, B, Banerjee, D, Banoo, Z, Barbera, R, Barile, F, Barioglio, L, Barlou, M, Barman, B, Barnaföldi, GG, Barnby, LS, Barret, V, Barreto, L, Bartels, C, Barth, K, Bartsch, E, Bastid, N, Basu, S, Batigne, G, Battistini, D, Batyunya, B, Bauri, D, Bazo Alba, JL, Bearden, IG, Beattie, C, Becht, P, Behera, D, Belikov, I, Bell Hechavarria, ADC, Bellini, F, Bellwied, R, Belokurova, S, Beltran, YAV, Bencedi, G, Beole, S, Berdnikov, Y, Berdnikova, A, Bergmann, L, Besoiu, MG, Betev, L, Bhaduri, PP, Bhasin, A, Bhat, MA, Bhattacharjee, B, Bianchi, L, Bianchi, N, and Bielčík, J

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Collective Flow, Hadron-Hadron Scattering, Jets, Mathematical Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical physics, Nuclear and plasma physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

Long- and short-range correlations for pairs of charged particles are studied via two-particle angular correlations in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV and p–Pb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV. The correlation functions are measured as a function of relative azimuthal angle ∆φ and pseudorapidity separation ∆η for pairs of primary charged particles within the pseudorapidity interval |η| < 0.9 and the transverse-momentum interval 1 < pT< 4 GeV/c. Flow coefficients are extracted for the long-range correlations (1.6 < |∆η| < 1.8) in various high-multiplicity event classes using the low-multiplicity template fit method. The method is used to subtract the enhanced yield of away-side jet fragments in high-multiplicity events. These results show decreasing flow signals toward lower multiplicity events. Furthermore, the flow coefficients for events with hard probes, such as jets or leading particles, do not exhibit any significant changes compared to those obtained from high-multiplicity events without any specific event selection criteria. The results are compared with hydrodynamic-model calculations, and it is found that a better understanding of the initial conditions is necessary to describe the results, particularly for low-multiplicity events.

Published
2024

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