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We are examining a mathematical model of second-grade Casson fluid flow over a Riga surface. This analysis takes into account the effects of heat generation on a second-grade Casson fluid. Additionally, we have discussed the impacts of Soret and Dufour in the presence of thermal radiation. The study also includes an analysis of the influences of thermal and concentration slip. By considering these factors in the fluid flow, we have constructed a set of partial differential equations. Furthermore, these differential equations have been transformed into dimensionless ordinary differential equations. We have presented the influences of relevant parameters through tables and graphs. Velocity curve reveals declining behavior due to larger values of magnetic field factor. A high magnetic field coefficient means a strong magnetic field. As a result, the force acting on the charged particle increases, causing it to slow down or change direction. This change in force can cause the particle's velocity to decrease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The consider work focuses on MHD rotating flow of Maxwell nanofluid affected by non-uniform heat source/sink and thermal radiation. The flow is induced by stretchable surface (linear/exponential) with the implementation of stratification boundary conditions on the surface. The thermal energy and mass concentration equations are discussed with the effect of variable thermal conductivity and variable chemical reaction. The flow model PDEs are converted into the system of nonlinear ODEs with the help of similarity transformation. These nonlinear coupled equations are computed numerically by the utilization of Bvp4c MATLAB technique. The noteworthy impact of different parameters is observed along the velocity, temperature, and concentration distribution. It is examined through graphical discussion that higher estimation of Deborah number and magnetic field parameter retard the fluid motion, as a result the velocity of fluid lower down. Further, higher estimation of rotation parameter causes to Coriolis force, which declines the fluid velocity. The transport of heat and mass for the higher estimation of Deborah number and rotation parameter is reduced consequently. The comparison of current computations is down with the pervious published article, which result shows good agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermal analysis is carried out on the flow of Sisko fluid over Riga curved stretching sheet in the presence of Lorentz force and heat energy application. Heat transmission is supported by considering Prescribed Heat Flux (PHF) and Surface temperature (PST). This study explores the role of fluids in solving various bioengineering problems and opportunities for clinical measures to treat blood-related diseases. It has been concluded that medical science requires the Sisko model to be explored in understanding blood transfusion problems. Mathematical modeling yields complex partial differential equations, which are transformed into ordinary differential equations via appropriate transformations. The outcome of these parameters is observed and explored for the best match that suits our defined boundary conditions. Numerical solutions are obtained using the Matlab function bvp4c, setting default tolerance for better approximate solutions. Impacts of associated parameters on various profiles are elaborated with tables and graphs. Temperature (PST) reduces by enrichment in Pr. A higher Prandtl number indicates that temperature disturbances spread more slowly through the fluid. This means that the temperature near the surface takes longer to reach equilibrium with the bulk fluid temperature, leading to a decrease in the surface temperature. The temperature (PHF) become declines by enlarging values of Pr. The Prandtl number determines the ratio of momentum diffusivity to thermal diffusivity. A higher value of Prandtl number indicates lower thermal diffusivity, which can result in a thicker thermal boundary layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigated the impact of Sorret and Dufour on the flow of Sutterby nanofluid over a stretchable Riga sheet while considering the variable thermal conductivity. The analysis was based on the Buongiorno nanofluid model, and nonlinear partial differential equations were formulated using the governing laws and applying the boundary layer approximations. These equations were transformed into ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity variables. The bvp4c numerical scheme in MATLAB was used to calculate numerical and graphical results. The figures show how various parameters affect the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles. Additionally, numerical results of the skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number for various parameters were presented in tables. The velocity distribution profile decreases with an increase in the Sutterby fluid parameter value but increases with the modified Hartmann number. The temperature profile rises with increased Dufour number and thermal conductivity. The concentration profile decreases with an increase in the Schmidt number and chemical reaction but increases with an increase in the Soret number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the seismic performance of prefabricated segmental bridge columns (PSBCs) with hybrid post-tensioned tendons and energy dissipation (ED) bars under cyclic loading. PSBCs with unbonded and hybrid bonded prestressed tendons and columns incorporating ED bars are designed to improve the lateral strength, energy dissipation, and limit the residual drift. The PSBCs under cyclic loading were investigated using the three-dimensional finite element (FE) modeling platform ABAQUS. The FE model was calibrated against experimental results, with an overall error of less than 10%. The seismic performance of the proposed PSBCs was evaluated based on critical parameters, including lateral strength, residual plastic displacement, and the energy dissipation capacity. The results show that bonding the tendons in the plastic hinge region as opposed to the overall bonding along the column leads to a better cyclic performance. The lateral strength, and recentering abilities are further improved by bonding tendons up to 2/3 of the length in the plastic hinge region, along with 100–300 mm in the footing. It was also found that selecting a longitudinal length of ED bars crossing multiple precast segmental joints and having a circumferential spread of 70–90% of core concrete results in a higher bearing capacity and energy dissipation compared to ED bars crossing the single joint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Steady flow of incompressible Maxwell–Sutterby fluid at stretching sheet is discussed in the presence of stagnation point region. The magnetic Reynolds number is considered very high and induced magnetic and electric fields are applied to the fluid flow. Temperature-dependent properties with radiation influence are considered in this analysis. The heat source or sink and melting impact are also debated in this analysis. A differential model of mathematics is developed by employing a governing constitutive equation. The differential equations' model is condensed and becomes ordinary differential equations by implementing the appropriate transformations. Furthermore, these equations are elucidated by the numerical scheme. The physical influence of physical parameters is exhibited in the graphs and tabular form. The escalating values of M cause a shear thinning attitude in the fluid; as a result, devaluation in the velocity is detected in the case of a / c = 0. 5 , while it depicted the counter behavior for a / c = 1. 5. The skin friction is heightened with improving values of Re because R e boosted which improved the viscosity of liquid as well as heightened the friction at sheet. The enhancing values of M p cause a decrement in skin friction. The melting parameter is enriched which reduces the viscosity of fluid due to temperature boosting as well as friction reduction. The diminution in skin friction is found for enhancing the values of β. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explored the three-dimensional flow characteristics of a rotating hybrid nanofluid over a permeable stretching surface, incorporating three prominent hybrid nanofluid models: Yamada–Ota, Xue, and Tiwari–Das. The study covers both multi-wall and single-wall carbon nanotubes, exhibiting properties within water. The fluid motion is induced through standard magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) on the spinning permeable stretched sheet. To establish the theoretical framework for fluid flow, we applied boundary layer approximations to the governing laws, including momentum, energy, and mass, leading to the development of partial differential equations. Applying appropriate transformations to the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) results in coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The BVP4c solver in MATLAB has employed to solve the nonlinear ODEs, along with the specified boundary conditions. A BVP4c technique within the MATLAB program has been utilized for obtaining solutions. The results are presented graphically for various physical variables such as the magnetic parameter, porosity parameter, spinning parameter, inertial coefficient, and Eckert number. Additionally, numerical data are provided in tabular format. It is noteworthy that the Yamada–Ota model demonstrates superior heat transfer performance for hybrid nanofluids compared to both the Xue and Tiwari–Das models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]