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Abandoned, lost, and discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) is a problem that is increasingly of concern to global fisheries resources and the aquatic environment. Nearly 2% of all fishing gear used in marine fisheries is lost to the ocean annually. This has negative impacts on the aquatic ecosystem, which includes but not limited to ghostfishing mortality to commercial, recreational and protected species, degradation of benthic habitat, and change to the ecosystem. Fishing gear left in the sea can drift ashore affecting recreational use of beaches and shorelines and poses hazards to navigation. Most of the research on ALDFG has been in the marine fisheries of the developed world with very few studies in the inland fisheries, mostly in the developing world of sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. This paper reviews and synthesizes literature about the status of ALDFG in inland fisheries globally. Only 16 studies, between 1970 to 2023, that referenced ALDFG causes, levels, impacts, and preventive measures were found. Thus, this review highlights that ALDFG in inland fisheries remains a highly understudied area of aquatic plastic pollution. Further studies are recommended to fully understand its status, extent, and potential environmental impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio parahaemolyticus are species of the Vibrio genus that often cause disease and mass mortality in crustaceans. If not handled quickly and appropriately, these diseases can cause considerable losses to farmers. Therefore, it is necessary to find a solution with safe and environmentally friendly disease prevention technology using natural ingredients, among others from plants, namely oil palm. Some parts of oil palm, namely leaves, fronds, fibres and oil palm pulp, which are palm waste, contain antibacterial compounds. This study aimed to assess the antibacterial activity of palm waste extracts, namely pulp, leaves, fronds and fibres using n‐hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, ethanol and water maceration solvents against pathogenic bacteria V. harveyi and V. parahaemolyticus, and identify active compounds contained in palm waste. The results of the research are expected to produce innovative and sustainable solutions to control diseases in shrimp farming, contribute to the development of a sustainable fishing industry and open up the potential for utilizing palm waste as a value‐added resource in the field of aquatic health. The results of observations on antibacterial activity tests and identifying the content of palm waste extract compounds were analysed descriptively displayed in the form of figures, tables and graphs. The results showed that palm waste extracts (pulp, leaves, fronds and fibres) with ethyl acetate and ethanol maceration solvents had very strong antibacterial potential, namely 20.14 ± 0.31 mm–25.52 ± 1.42 mm on V. harveyi bacteria and 20.41 ± 0.55 mm–25.00 ± 0.51 mm on V. parahaemolyticus bacteria. Palm extracts with n‐hexane (>20 mm) and chloroform solvents generally have strong category antibacterial potential (10–20 mm), and palm extracts in water solvents have medium category potential (5–10 mm) against V. harveyi and V. parahemolyticus bacteria. The results of phytochemical tests on palm waste extracts with ethyl acetate and ethanol maceration solvents contain bioactive compounds of flavonoids, saponins, polyphenols and alkaloid tannins, steroids and triterpenoids. Palm extracts with n‐hexane and chloroform solvents generally contain saponins, alkaloids, steroids and triterpenoids, while palm waste extracts with water solvents contain saponins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rice fields are characterized by high algal production and dense mats of filamentous green algae, and they function as habitats for various aquatic organisms. However, how algal production supports the secondary production of aquatic consumers in rice fields has not been assessed. Herein, aquatic food web structures in two adjacent rice fields in northeastern Japan were examined using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses. Filamentous algae often showed higher δ13C values (mean, −23.1‰ to −21.4‰) than other organic matter sources, including particulate organic matter, benthic microalgae, and soil organic matter (−30.1‰ to −25.4‰). A δ13C‐based isotopic mixing model estimated that among 19 taxa of herbivores and omnivores, most taxa depended on filamentous algae‐derived carbon (ca. >30%). Particularly, Peltodytes intermedius larvae, a specialist feeder for filamentous algae, showed the highest reliance (mean, 66.7%–80.0%). The microcrustacean, Ostracoda sp. also utilized a diet consisting of a substantial proportion of filamentous algae‐derived carbon (57.6%). Seven out of 10 carnivorous taxa showed reliance on filamentous algae‐derived carbon by >30%. Particularly, larvae of beetles (Berosus sp., Enochrus sp., and Hydrochara affinis) showed the highest reliance (40.2%–44.3%). They could assimilate filamentous algae‐based carbon by consuming herbivores, such as P. intermedius. Because fresh filamentous green algae were eaten less by aquatic consumers, the herbivores could consume decomposed filamentous algae rather than fresh ones. Our results suggest that filamentous algae are one of the major organic matter sources supporting secondary production in rice field food webs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nutrient subsidy of methane‐oxidising bacteria (MOB), an alternative basal resource, to plankton communities through pelagic‐benthic coupling is expected to alter carbon‐to‐nitrogen (C/N) ratios and biomass of zooplankton, and affect biological processes in aquatic food webs. Previous studies indicate that most MOB nutrient subsidies to zooplankton are focused largely on C subsidies; nevertheless, considering that N is important to zooplankton and phytoplankton growth, a better understanding of MOB N subsidies to plankton communities is needed.We examined changes in nutrients, phytoplankton mass‐specific productivity, MOB reliance, C/N ratios and biomass of zooplankton between summer stratification and winter mixing periods based on in situ investigation in a subtropical deep oligotrophic freshwater ecosystem during 2010–2014.The results revealed that with increasing reliance on MOB during the winter mixing period, zooplankton C/N ratios decreased and had a significantly nonlinearly inverse relationship with zooplankton biomass. The negative relationship between zooplankton biomass and phytoplankton mass‐specific productivity was further observed in synchronous time.The profundal MOB enhanced pelagic‐profundal coupling and served as an alternative N support for pelagic plankton food webs during the winter and/or less productive seasons, adding to greater understanding of the role of methanotrophs in aquatic food webs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Professor Malin Falkenmark, a renowned hydrologist, passed away in 2023 at the age of 98. She was a pioneer in the field of water science and advocated for global water stewardship and eradicating water poverty. Falkenmark challenged traditional views of the water cycle, emphasizing the importance of "green water" stored in soils and promoting a fair balance of water for humans and nature. Her work, including the development of the Falkenmark Index and the concept of green and blue water, has had a significant impact on water resource research and management. This text discusses Falkenmark's contributions and legacy, highlighting her role in advancing the understanding of water scarcity, climate change, and the importance of water management for sustainable development. Her initiatives and emphasis on building social-ecological resilience continue to inspire water professionals worldwide in finding solutions to the global water crisis. [Extracted from the article]

Ancestral Maya engineered wetland fields and canals in floodplains for plant cultivation and water management. Canals and reservoirs, however, also provide aquatic resources to supplement agriculture. Maya created multi-trophic ecological aquaculture by modifying the waterscape to increase the amounts of foods and useful materials, such as fish, turtles, waterfowl, and reeds. While archaeological and ethnographic investigations across the Maya area explore aquatic constructions, technology, and foodstuffs, they have not focused on aquaculture. In the western Maya lowlands, including the site of Mensabak, Chiapas, Mexico, ancestral Maya modified floodplains around lakes and rivers for farming fish and aquatic resources near their settlements and fields. These extensive modifications for ecological aquaculture enhanced the productivity and resiliency of natural ecosystems. The domesticated waterscapes near the ritually important Mirador Mountain at Mensabak also followed pan-Mesoamerican beliefs in origin mountains that generated water, plants, and fish for humans. Importantly, Maya integrated subsistence is illuminated by research on domesticated landscapes and ecological aquaculture that examines a range of resources rather than just plants. Certainly across Mesoamerica, ecological aquaculture allowed people to intensify production of "farms" of aquatic species, particularly fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nearshore coral reefs at Teahupo'o, Tahiti, are currently threatened by destruction from proposed plans to build a new judging tower in the reef lagoon for the 2024 Olympic surfing event. Local community members were trained to utilize 3D photogrammetry techniques to create high-resolution habitat maps of three sites that will be impacted by dredging and tower construction. The resulting orthomosaics were analyzed to quantify and characterize the coral community structure at each study site. Species diversity, coral colony count, coral colony size, and percent cover of live coral and living benthos were extracted from all survey plots. The resulting data show these sites support healthy and diverse coral communities that contribute to the ecological function of the larger reef system at Teahupo'o. The Hawai'i State Division of Aquatic Resources Penalty Matrix was used to estimate the USD value of the live corals and algae identified among the study sites and the total area that will be impacted by the planned development project. This study highlights the utility of 3D photogrammetry for effective citizen science as well as the large economic and ecological impacts that may occur if this proposed construction occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many aquatic networks are fragmented by road crossing structures; remediating these barriers to allow fish passage is critical to restoring connectivity. Maximizing connectivity requires effective barrier identification and prioritization, but many barrier prioritization efforts do not consider swimming capabilities of target species. Given the many potential barriers within watersheds, inventory efforts integrating species-specific swimming speeds into rapid assessment protocols may allow for more accurate barrier removal prioritization. In this study, we demonstrate an approach for integrating fish swimming speeds into rapid barrier assessment and illustrate its utility via two case studies. We measured critical swimming speeds (Ucrit) of two stream-resident fish species with very different swimming modes: Yoknapatawpha Darter (Etheostoma faulkneri), an at-risk species whose current distribution is restricted to highly degraded habitat, and Bluehead Chub (Nocomis leptocephalus), an important host species for the federally endangered Carolina Heelsplitter mussel (Lasmigona decorata). We assessed potential barriers for Yoknapatawpha Darters in the Mississippi-Yocona River watershed, and Bluehead Chubs in the Stevens Creek watershed, South Carolina, USA. We integrated Ucrit into the Southeast Aquatic Resources Partnership (SARP) barrier assessment protocol by estimating the proportion of individuals per species swimming at least as fast as the current through the assessed structures. Integrating Ucrit estimates into the SARP protocol considerably increased barrier severity estimates and rankings only for Yoknapatawpha Darters in the Yocona River watershed. These results indicate the importance of including species-specific swimming abilities in rapid barrier assessments and the importance of species-watershed contexts in estimating where swimming speed information might be most important. Our method has broad application for those working to identify barriers more realistically to improve species-specific fish passage. This work represents a next step in improving rapid barrier assessments and could be improved by investigating how results change with different measurements of swimming abilities and structure characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water quality data represent a critical resource for evaluation of the well-being of aquatic ecosystems and assurance of clean water sources for human populations. While the availability of water quality datasets is growing, the absence of a publicly accessible national water quality dataset for both inland and the ocean in China has been notable. To address this issue, we utilized R and Python programming languages to collect, tidy, reorganize, curate, and compile three publicly available datasets, thereby creating an extensive spatiotemporal repository of surface water quality data for China. Distinguished as the most expansive, clean, and easily accessible water quality dataset in China to date, this repository comprised over 330 000 observations encompassing daily (3588), weekly (217 751), and monthly (114 954) records of surface water quality covering the period from 1980 to 2022. It spanned 18 distinct indicators, meticulously gathered at 2384 monitoring sites, which were further categorized as daily (244 sites), weekly (149 sites), and monthly (1991 sites), ranging from inland locations to coastal and oceanic areas. This dataset will support studies relevant to the assessment, modeling, and projection of water quality, ocean biomass, and biodiversity in China, and therefore make substantial contributions to both national and global water resources management. This water quality dataset and supplementary metadata are available for download from the figshare repository at 10.6084/m9.figshare.22584742 (Lin et al., 2023b). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine managers commonly use ecological indicators in planning and evaluations; however, few programs monitor social and cultural impacts of management. Practical approaches to identifying and monitoring social and cultural aspects of communities' relationships with their environment could assist many agencies in understanding the impacts of their efforts to achieve conservation goals. The Hawai'i Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Aquatic Resources (DAR) launched the Holomua Marine Initiative to collaborate and engage with communities to strengthen co-management efforts, which included integrating socio-cultural aspects into the planning and assessment of marine management. Our team, which included resource managers, Western and indigenous scientists, community leaders, students, agency, and university staff engaged in collaborative management efforts in Hawai'i, developed an approach to monitor the social and cultural impacts of DAR's management actions. Through online collaborative workshops with community members and non-profit leaders engaged in marine conservation in Hawai'i, we co-developed socio-cultural principles and indicators based on their reciprocal relationships with the nearshore environment. During the workshops, we used small group activities, snow cards, sorting, and categorization to generate nine fundamental principles, with associated indicators, to guide marine management in Hawai'i. Many of the principles and indicators are comparable to those developed in other parts of the Pacific, revolving around themes including the perpetuation of local and indigenous knowledge across generations, and access to land and natural resources. Participants also suggested themes less prevalent in other research, such as the need to evaluate impacts of tourism on community relationships with coastal areas. We offer recommendations for the development of socio-cultural principles and indicators in other place-based contexts, and emphasize the importance of on-going community collaboration. Developing a socio-cultural monitoring framework with community members impacted by marine management decisions could enable others engaged in collaborative efforts, including government agencies, to holistically understand and address impacts of their policies and actions. Monitoring layered sociocultural impacts of marine management on local and indigenous communities has the potential to shift management goals, and enhance long-term effectiveness and support for initiatives to protect coastal resources worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coastal mountain rivers export disproportionately high quantities of terrestrial organic carbon (OC) directly to the ocean, feeding microbial communities and altering coastal ecology. To better predict and mitigate the effects of wildfires on aquatic ecosystems and resources, we must evaluate the relationships between fire, hydrology, and carbon export, particularly in the fire‐prone western United States. This study examined the spatiotemporal export of particulate and dissolved OC (POC and DOC, respectively) and particulate and dissolved black carbon (PBC and DBC, respectively) from five coastal mountain watersheds following the 2020 CZU Lightning Complex Fires (California, USA). Despite high variability in watershed burn extent (20–98%), annual POC, DOC, PBC, and DBC concentrations remained relatively stable among the different watersheds. Instead, they correlated significantly with watershed discharge. Our findings indicate that hydrology, rather than burn extent, is a primary driver of post‐fire carbon export in coastal mountain watersheds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV) is an internationally important migration and wintering region for Nearctic waterfowl. Most of the MAV is a lowland forested floodplain that contains vast stands of red oaks (Quercus spp.). These trees produce acorns and, when forests flood, diverse communities of aquatic invertebrates emerge, providing diverse nutritious foods for wintering ducks. The MAV is within the Lower Mississippi Valley Joint Venture (LMV JV) region of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan, but no combined MAV‐wide estimates of acorn and invertebrate biomass exist to determine foraging carrying capacity for conservation planning or actions by the LMV JV or other partners in regions containing southern red oaks. We sampled acorns that fell to the ground or were submersed under shallow water deemed accessible to foraging ducks and aquatic invertebrates in the MAV of Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee, USA, during fall‐winter 2009–2011. In good and poor masting years, acorn abundance was non‐linearly related to the percentage of the forest canopy made up of red oaks and peaked in late autumn or winter when most other waterfowl resources are depleted or decomposed. This finding is novel and represents a deviation from how the LMV JV has traditionally assumed food resources exist for waterfowl in hardwood bottomlands. We used a daily ration model to estimate energy use days (EUDs) from combined acorn and invertebrate biomasses relative to red oak canopy coverage. For good and poor acorn masting years at the mean MAV‐wide red oak canopy coverage of 45%, EUD = 2,273.1 days/ha and 161.2 days/ha, respectively. The LMV JV currently uses EUD = 385–502 days/ha for forests with 40–50% red oak canopy coverage. Because acorns and aquatic macro‐invertebrates are a food resource that persists through winter and reaches peak abundance later in winter, we contend conservation planners have undervalued the potential of bottomland hardwoods to provide energy for wintering ducks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biofilms are resistant to many traditional antibiotics, which has led to search for new antimicrobials from different and unique sources. To harness the potential of aquatic microbial resources, we analyzed the meta-omics datasets of microalgae-bacteria communities and mined them for potential antimicrobial and quorum quenching enzymes. One of the most interesting candidates (Dlh3), a dienelactone hydrolase, is a α/β-protein with predicted eight α-helices and eight β-sheets. When it was applied to one of the major fish pathogens, Edwardsiella anguillarum, the biofilm development was reproducibly inhibited by up to 54.5%. The transcriptome dataset in presence of Dlh3 showed an upregulation in functions related to self-defense like active genes for export mechanisms and transport systems. The most interesting point regarding the biotechnological potential for aquaculture applications of Dlh3 are clear evidence of biofilm inhibition and that health and division of a relevant fish cell model (CHSE-214) was not impaired by the enzyme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relative importance of allochthonous and autochthonous carbon (C) as sources of energy for tropical stream food webs remains an open question. Allochthonous C might be the main energy source for small and shaded forest streams, while autochthonous C is more likely to fuel food webs draining land uses with less dense vegetation. We studied food webs in cloud forest streams draining watersheds with forests, coffee plantations, and pastures. Our goal was to assess the effects of those land uses on the C source and structure of stream food webs. The study took place in tropical montane streams in La Antigua Watershed, in eastern Mexico. We selected three streams per land use and sampled biofilm and leaf litter as the main food resources, and macroinvertebrates and aquatic vertebrates from different trophic guilds. Samples were analyzed for δ13C and δ15N isotopes. Using a Bayesian mixing model, we estimated the proportional assimilation of autochthonous and allochthonous carbon by each guild. We found that consumers were mostly using allochthonous C in all streams, regardless of watershed land use. Our findings indicate that montane cloud forest streams are dominated by allochthony even in watersheds dominated by pastures. Abundant precipitation in this life zone might facilitate the movement of allochthonous C into streams. While food webs of streams from coffee plantations and pastures also rely on allochthonous resources, other impacts do result in important changes in stream functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phosphate, an essential ingredient in fertilizers and detergents used daily worldwide, is a finite resource that may be exhausted within 70 years, while improper phosphate waste disposal into aquatic environments will result in eutrophication. Despite some chemical-based methods, biological phosphorus removal using polyphosphate-accumulating organisms, such as microalgae, is a sustainable alternative to reclaim phosphate from wastewater before wastewater enters aquatic environments, preventing ecosystem damage while recovering the phosphate for industrial use. Moreover, polyphosphates have profound biological functions and biomedical applications, serving as an energy stock, drug delivery vesicles, coagulation factors, and antiviral agents depending on the length of the polyphosphate chain, showing inherent value in polyphosphate recovery. However, before this study, there were no sustainable and efficient approaches to synthesizing purified polyphosphates enriched with different lengths, which limited industrial and biomedical applications. Here, by leveraging the power of thermodynamic coupling and phase transitions, we established a one-pot, two-step multi-enzyme cascade (comprising creatine kinase and two polyphosphate kinases) to transform heterogeneous polyphosphate in microalgae biomass to insoluble long-chain polyphosphate 1300-mers, allowing for further purification in a single step. In the cascade reactions, introducing creatine as the high-energy P-shuttle enables controlled manipulation of the creatine kinase reaction direction via pH modulation, effectively circumventing the competition between the two polyphosphate kinase-mediated reactions. Finally, we optimized a thermo-digestion approach to transform polyphosphate 1300-mers into shorter polyphosphates enriched with a specific narrow length range. Therefore, the processes established here create a sustainable P bioeconomy platform to refine microalgal biomass for biotechnological use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Central American river turtle (Dermatemys mawii) is one of the of the most critically endangered turtle species worldwide, as a result of habitat loss and heavy hunting for consumption. Research on D. mawii becomes more challenging as wild populations are disappearing, while basic ecological data are still required to inform conservation efforts. In this study, our aim was to analyze the diet of D. mawii based on sex, and compare the information provided by stomach flushing and fecal samples. We examined both types of samples from individuals captured in 2017 and 2018 in a lentic system in the Lacantun River Basin, Chiapas, Mexico. We identified 3 broad categories (aquatic macrophytes, riparian resources and invertebrates) and 12 different food items, of which four are new reports of vascular plants for the diet of this turtle. The principal items consumed by D. mawii were Pistia stratiotes (a free-floating macrophyte) and Ludwigia sp. (a riparian plant). A low index of relative importance (≤ 0.5) for invertebrates suggests that they may be ingested accidentally when feeding on plants. We did not detect significant sex differences in the relative contribution of food items between the two sampling methods; additionally, we found a large dietary overlap (Cλ ≥ 0.89) between sexes that indicates a similar use of resources in this lentic system. We found all 3 broad food categories in stomach flushing samples and only one (riparian resources) in fecal samples; however, we did not find significant differences in the number of food items. The use of both postingestion sampling methods provided a more comprehensive view of the diet of this herbivorous freshwater turtle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current high demand for Yellow rasbora (Rasbora lateristriata) is not supported by the availability of captured Yellow rasbora in nature. Aquaculture is the most rational way of utilizing biological natural resources. In intensive aquaculture, it is necessary to optimize all processes that occur in aquaculture, including hatchery. However, the common problem that often happens in hatchery activities is spawning which depends on the season. The hormonal manipulation technique is an appropriate way to stimulate gonadal maturation. Oodev is a hormonal combination of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and anti-dopamine to stimulate gonadal maturation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of using the Oodev with different doses in feed to accelerate gonad maturation of female Yellow rasbora. The study was carried out with four treatments and three replications in 21 days with different doses of Oodev, such as; A (Feed without Oodev), B (0.5 mL/kg feed), C (1 mL/kg feed) and D (2 mL/kg feed). The parameters observed in this study were gonad maturity level, histological structure of ovary, gonadosomatic index, fecundity, and diameter of eggs. The results showed that the dose of Oodev at 1.0 mL/kg feed was an effective dose to optimize the gonad maturity of female Yellow rasbora. This is proven by the highest results shown on all parameters, such as; the maturity level in the IV phase, histological structure of the ovary which showed the dominance of the oocyte maturation phase, gonadosomatic index of 14.014%, the fecundity of 721 eggs, and egg diameter of 0.865 mm. In conclusion, using Oodev in feed at a dose of 1.0 ml/kg of feed for 21 days is an effective dose to optimize the maturation of female Yellow rasbora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The water resources of Northeast (NE) Indian reservoirs have been largely overlooked, despite their immense potential in various aspects. A comprehensive analysis of water quality parameters was conducted to assess the physio-chemical changes and health status of Maphou or Mapithel reservoir, Manipur, NE, India. Methods: Sub-surface water samples were collected from June 2021 to May 2022 to assess the spatio-temporal changes. Trophic State Index (TSI), Morpho Edaphic Index (MEI), Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) and fish yield potential were calculated. The average water spread area was calculated through Normalised Difference Water Index (NDWI) method. Result: A total of eighteen (18) water quality parameters were examined following Standard Methods. ANOVA analysis indicated that all water quality parameters, except total alkalinity, exhibited significant seasonal variations (p<0.05). Spatially, most of the water quality was found to be insignificant, except for Chl-a and depth (p<0.05). All the water quality parameters were within acceptable ranges for the growth and survival of aquatic biotic resources. No signs of pollution were observed. The trophic status of the reservoir was found in an oligotrophic state. The MEI was estimated as 8.55 and the average fish yield for the reservoir was 14.98 kg ha-1, which is below the national average yield of small reservoir (49.9 kg ha-1). The MSY was estimated to be 21.46 kg ha-1. Heatmap cluster analysis revealed three distinct clusters of months. The actual average water spread area was determined to be 852.62 ha, hence the reservoir can be categorised as small reservoir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecosystem services and the biodiversity that supports them directly provision food and livelihoods to millions around the world within environments increasingly facing multifaceted changes. Yet the perspectives of resource users on the value of those resources and the challenges they face amid social-ecological change are still too often poorly understood. In this study, we use Photovoice methodology and a social-ecological systems perspective to understand the value of access to fish resources and the impacts of changing access for small-scale fishing communities in Cambodia. Contrasting the perspectives of households in different ecological settings, including adjacent to the Tonle Sap Lake and within its floodplain, revealed stark differences in the experiences of regulation enforcement and fisheries management for communities that had viable alternatives to fishing compared to those without options beyond fishing. The study addresses the need to understand both the lived experiences of those on the frontlines of environmental changes, and to disentangle the heterogeneous experiences across and within communities to improve resource management and community support in complex, changing social-ecological systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Managing impounded river systems is a recurring challenge for aquatic resource professionals because reservoirs serve multiple functions with different ecological and socioeconomic outcomes. However, research on fishes in reservoirs has disproportionally focused on recreationally and economically important species, with less attention directed toward fish assemblages despite the potential for management at the assemblage level. As such, evaluation of relationships between reservoir fish assemblages and biotic and abiotic factors and testing whether assemblage structure is affected by changing environmental conditions may deepen ecological understanding and provide insights for reservoir fisheries management. Our overall objective was to assess these relationships in 11 reservoirs from North Carolina, USA. We sampled fish assemblages in the reservoirs, which spanned five river basins representing a range of habitat conditions, using experimental gillnets and pulsed DC nighttime electrofishing. Multivariate statistical analyses indicated that taxonomic differences in fish assemblage composition among river basins followed a gradient of productivity. The top contributing species to reservoir dissimilarity were bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus), and white perch (Morone americana). These four species were positively associated with factors that reflect increasing eutrophic conditions in the 11 reservoirs and could, therefore, serve as indicators of reservoir productivity, anthropogenic influence, and fish assemblage structure, in addition to their key role in reservoir fisheries management. Whereas -fisheries research has historically focused on assessing fish -populations, our results illustrate the ecological and management insights derived from simultaneously collecting assemblage- and population-level data. Research on reservoir fish assemblages in relation to biotic and abiotic conditions may help advance fish ecology and management alike. Reservoir research has disproportionally focused on individual species of recreational and socioeconomic importance, rather than fish assemblages. Simultaneous collection of assemblage- and population-level fisheries data may generate both ecological and management insights that species-specific sampling cannot. As anthropogenic influences on reservoirs continue to increase, integrating environmental (biotic and abiotic conditions) and fish-assemblage data may be helpful for advancing our understanding of fish ecology and management alike. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anthropogenic activities contribute to the spread of chemicals considered as endocrine disruptors (ED) in freshwater ecosystems. While several studies have reported interactions of EDs with organisms in those ecosystems, very few have assessed the effect of these compounds on pathogenic bacteria. Here we have evaluated the impact of five EDs found in aquatic resources on the virulence of human pathogen P. aeruginosa. ED concentrations in French aquatic resources of bisphenol A (BPA), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), ethylparaben (EP), methylparaben (MP) and triclosan (TCS) at mean molar concentration were 1.13, 3.58, 0.53, 0.69, and 0.81 nM respectively. No impact on bacterial growth was observed at EDs highest tested concentration. Swimming motility of P. aeruginosa decreased to 28.4% when exposed to EP at 100 μM. Swarming motility increased, with MP at 1 nM, 10 and 100 μM (1.5‐fold); conversely, a decrease of 78.5%, with DBP at 100 μM was observed. Furthermore, exposure to 1 nM BPA, DBP and EP increased biofilm formation. P. aeruginosa adhesion to lung cells was two‐fold higher upon exposure to 1 nM EP. We demonstrate that ED exposure may simultaneously decrease mobility and increase cell adhesion and biofilm formation, which may promote colonisation and establishment of the pathogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of aquatic resource‐inputs on terrestrial communities is poorly understood, particularly in the tropics. We used stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen to trace aquatic prey use and quantify the impact on trophic structure in 240 riparian arthropod communities in tropical and temperate forests. Riparian predators consumed more aquatic prey and were more trophically diverse in the tropics than temperate regions, indicating tropical riparian communities are both more reliant on and impacted by aquatic resources than temperate communities. This suggests they are more vulnerable to disruption of aquatic–terrestrial linkages. Although aquatic resource use declined strongly with distance from water, we observed no correlated change in trophic structure, suggesting trophic flexibility to changing resource availability within riparian predator communities in both tropical and temperate regions. Our findings highlight the importance of aquatic resources for riparian communities, especially in the tropics, but suggest distance from water is less important than resource diversity in maintaining terrestrial trophic structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the coastal areas of China, the eutrophication of seawater leads to the continuous occurrence of red tide, which has caused great damage to Marine fisheries and aquatic resources. Therefore, the detection and prediction of red tide have important research significance. The rapid development of optical remote sensing technology and deep-learning technology provides technical means for realizing large-scale and high-precision red tide detection. However, the difficulty of the accurate detection of red tide edges with complex boundaries limits the further improvement of red tide detection accuracy. In view of the above problems, this paper takes GOCI data in the East China Sea as an example and proposes an improved U-Net red tide detection method. In the improved U-Net method, NDVI was introduced to enhance the characteristic information of the red tide to improve the separability between the red tide and seawater. At the same time, the ECA channel attention mechanism was introduced to give different weights according to the influence of different bands on red tide detection, and the spectral characteristics of different channels were fully mined to further extract red tide characteristics. A shallow feature extraction module based on Atrous Spatial Pyramid Convolution (ASPC) was designed to improve the U-Net model. The red tide feature information in a multi-scale context was fused under multiple sampling rates to enhance the model's ability to extract features at different scales. The problem of limited accuracy improvement in red tide edge detection with complex boundaries is solved via the fusion of deep and shallow features and multi-scale spatial features. Compared with other methods, the method proposed in this paper achieves better results and can detect red tide edges with complex boundaries, and the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score are 95.90%, 97.15%, 91.53%, and 0.94, respectively. In addition, the red tide detection experiments in other regions with relatively concentrated distribution also prove that the method has good applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arid and semi-arid landscapes globally represent significant challenges in developing and managing regional water resources for human uses while simultaneously sustaining aquatic ecosystems. Allocation of water resources between these divergent purposes requires careful analysis of the variable nature of the water supply and the plurality of demands on that supply if economic and ecological values of water are to be sustained. Where water resources are limiting, sustainability management of short-lived fish species may depend on adjusting the timing and quantity of out-of-channel diversions of water to reduce mortality-causing flow intermittence. Such management efforts can include strategies for improved water transport efficiency to increase the amount of water available for environmental flow. This work addresses gaps in the published literature by formulating and applying an analytic process that integrates demography of an endangered freshwater fish species, hydrology for a river segment with a high frequency of seasonal flow intermittence, and measures of cost-saving water management strategies to achieve environmental and economic objectives. This process provides a useful context for adaptive water resource planning that focuses on promising management actions needed to limit flow intermittence while serving to sustain socioecological systems. Much of the theory underpinning of management for ecological restoration and species sustainability is founded on an understanding of population ecology and the identification of factors that regulate population growth. We present an analytic process that integrates hydrologic and demographic factors in estimating the amount of water needed to supplement in-channel flow and so maintain surface water conditions that are minimally needed for short-term species survival. Demographic simulation results reveal distinct patterns in problem-solution sets that provide managers with much needed insight in planning effective and flexible responses to management challenges arising from unstable hydrologic conditions. Where water resources are limiting, sustainability management of short-lived freshwater fish species may depend on adjusting the timing and quantity of out-of-channel diversion of water to reduce mortality-causing flow intermittence. Investments in water transport efficiency increase the amount of water available for environmental flow while reducing potential conflicts with and between concerned and/or affected constituencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The long-term protection and restoration of aquatic resources depends on robust monitoring data; data that require systematic quality control and analysis tools. The MassWateR R package facilitates quality control, analysis, and data sharing for discrete surface water quality data collected by monitoring programs of various size and technical capacity. The tools were developed to address regional needs for programs in Massachusetts, USA, but the principles and outputs can be applicable to monitoring data collected anywhere. Users can create quality control reports, perform outlier analyses, and assess trends by season, date, and site for more than 40 parameters. Users can also prepare data for submission to the United States Environmental Protection Agency Water Quality Exchange, thus sharing data to the largest water quality database in the United States. The automated and reproducible workflow offered by MassWateR is expected to increase the quantity and quality of publicly available data to support the management of aquatic resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Gene banks need to respond to a variety of stakeholder needs, including rapid large-scale reconstruction of populations that may have been lost due to disease epidemics or are at risk from other causes. To date, reconstitution efforts have focused upon backcrossing schemes with semen, the use of embryos, or gonadal tissues, but there are a variety of assisted reproductive technologies that can be used that may be more effective approaches for reconstitution. For example, approaches such as in vitro fertilization combined with sex-sorted semen and primordial germ cells combined with gene-edited host chickens have not been explored in terms of the efficacy and efficiency for reconstitution. Due to the potential cost savings and biological efficiencies, it is imperative to determine how such approaches may be incorporated into gene bank collection strategies. Consequently, this manuscript describes these models and suggests gene bank collection goals for germplasm samples that are necessary to achieve success. National animal gene banks that are responsible for conserving livestock, poultry, and aquatic genetic resources need to be capable of utilizing a broad array of cryotechnologies coupled with assisted reproductive technologies to reconstitute either specific animals or populations/breeds as needed. This capability is predicated upon having sufficient genetic diversity (usually encapsulated by number of animals in the collection), units of germplasm or tissues, and the ability to reconstitute animals. While the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO 2012, 2023) developed a set of guidelines for gene banks on these matters, those guidelines do not consider applications and utilization of newer technologies (e.g., primordial germ cells, cloning from somatic cells, embryo transfer, IVF, sex-sorted semen), which can radically change how gene banks collect, store, and utilize genetic resources. This paper reviews the current status of using newer technologies, explores how gene banks might make such technologies part of their routine operations, and illustrates how combining newer assisted reproductive technologies with older approaches enables populations to be reconstituted more efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid industrialization in the developing countries has facilitated the unwanted mixing of wastes into the already depleting sources of potable, domestic and industrial water. In particular, the mixing of toxic heavy metal wastes into the aquatic resources have not only increased the scarcity of water at the different levels of usage but also hygiene of the ecosystem is further threatened by the presence of abysmal quality of aquatic environment around the living world. Thus, it has become quite imperative to mitigate such problems through the removal of such water contaminants at the sources before supplied for a specific purpose. In this direction, among the other available mass transfer techniques, specific and efficient adsorption of heavy metal species on the nanomaterials such as metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are found to be a promising method of heavy metal ions recovery. This reports targets to provide a new perspective into heavy metal ions removal from wastewater as a rationale for sustainable nanomaterial engineering through the recycling of toxic metal species as precious precursors in the synthesis of nanomaterials. Decades of exploring materials sciences led to the generation of groundbreaking materials of nanoscale regime, which has advanced myriad avenues of science and technology, viz. electronic, energy, biomedical, environmental, agriculture applications, and more. In this regard, nanotechnology has had a global impact by several folds, which can be observed in all day‐to‐day facilities. This perspective aims to conceptualize a strategy of wastewater decontamination through the adsorptive retrieval of heavy metal species to be subsequently recycled in the design of smart nanomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intersection of fisheries and environmental issues presents a delicate challenge in today's world. This article highlights the complex and multifaceted relationship between fisheries and environmental concerns. As fisheries play a critical role in global food security and economic sustenance, their activities have significant environmental implications, affecting marine ecosystems, biodiversity, and the sustainability of aquatic resources. Sustainable fisheries management practices, including the establishment of marine protected areas, eco-friendly fishing techniques, and the reduction of bycatch, are essential to mitigate adverse environmental impacts. Striking a balance between meeting the growing demand for seafood and safeguarding our oceans and aquatic ecosystems is of paramount importance for the future of our planet. The dynamic nature of both aquaculture and ecosystems underscores the ongoing need for research and monitoring. Adapting practices and regulations in alignment with emerging scientific insights is essential. The challenge of preserving biodiversity in fish-farming arrangements is not insurmountable. By implementing the outlined methods and recognizing the inherent value of aquatic ecosystems, a transition to a more sustainable and environmentally responsible aquaculture sector becomes feasible. This article sets the stage for a comprehensive exploration of the interplay between fisheries and the environment, shedding light on the key challenges, solutions, and their implications for our shared ecological future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growing crustacean aquaculture industry in the Philippines is a significant contributor to the seafood production sector. However, several problems hinder the growth and overall market production, the main factor being diseases. Previous studies observed that temperature changes affect shrimp's physiological and immunological responses to different pathogens and parasites; hence, this meta-analysis examined the correlation of white spot disease (WSD) and acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) with atmospheric temperature changes. The analysis was conducted using the available data from the Quarterly Aquatic Animal Disease report of the Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia Pacific, the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, and the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration. Results indicated that temperatures ranging from 27-28 °C generally cause higher disease occurrences in the Philippines, as it facilitates optimum conditions for the infectivity of the causative agents of both diseases. Statistical analysis also has shown a positive correlation of temperature to the disease occurrence, indicating that temperature monitoring is crucial, especially in the culture of shrimps in a controlled environment. This information will serve as a guide to the fish health and aquaculture industry in mitigating possible disease outbreaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: The contamination of coastal waters, unhealthy conditions and inadequate handling practices tend to reduce the sanitary quality of fishery products, thus impacting its marketing. With this in mind, we investigate the microbiological quality of the Octopus insularis in each stage of the production chain, comprehending capture, post-capture, processing and commercialization, in terms of the presence of total and fecal coliforms at the Veracruz Reef System, Gulf of Mexico. The environmental and anthropogenic influence on the space–temporal concentration of coliforms were analyzed in sea water, fresh octopus, fresh water, ice and octopus, both packed in ice and boiled. Most relevant results indicated that coliforms are present in the octopus production chain, being highest in the marketing stage. The coliform concentration increased during the rainy season and was highest in the reefs closer to the coast, which has a major anthropogenic influence. These results point out the urgent need to implement an efficient cold chain with adequate handling practices to try to reverse these microbiological conditions and improve the octopus quality and food safety. Coliforms are relatively common in aquatic environments, but their concentrations can be increased by environmental changes and anthropogenic activities, thus impacting fisheries resources. To determine the microbiological quality in the octopus production chain (capture, post-capture, processing and commercialization), total (TC) and fecal (FC) coliforms were quantified in sea water, fresh octopus, fresh water, ice and octopus in two presentations: packed in ice and boiled. Samples came from fishing zones Enmedio, Chopa and La Gallega at the Veracruz Reef System (VRS) during dry, rainy and windy seasons. The coliforms were determined using the most probable number technique (MPN). The most relevant results indicated that octopus packed in ice coming from the commercialization stage had FC levels >540 MPN/100 g, which exceeded the permissible limits (230 MPN/100 g). Therefore, these products present a risk for human consumption. Differences in FC were observed in octopuses between the three fishing zones (H = 8.697; p = 0.0129) and among the three climatic seasons, increasing during the rainy season, highlighting La Gallega with 203.33 ± 63 MPN (H = 7.200; p = 0.0273). The results provide evidence of the environmental and anthropogenic influences on coliform concentrations and the urgent need to implement an efficient cold chain throughout octopus production stages with adequate handling practices to reverse this situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to find the optimal cryopreservation conditions for efficiently preserving the genetic resources of the aquatic plant lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn). The seed viability differed depending on the type of vitrification treatment agent, and the longer the PVS2 treatment time, the lower the viability. Among the treatments, T1 (2M glycerol) and T7 (Loading solution + PVS2) were the treatments that showed viability rates similar to those of the control (92.1 ± 5.95%). When the seeds were stored for 12 weeks, the viability rate of the control dropped to 0%, but the treatments T1 and T7 were maintained unchanged. The change in the germination rate of seeds according to the storage period, the control was 0% after 4 weeks. In the case of the treatments, T1 showed a high germination rate in the 1 day (86.67 ± 6.67%), but after 12 weeks, a lower germination rate (54.67 ± 5.58%). On the other hand, T7 had a slightly lower initial germination rate of 73.33%, but it was maintained even after a prolonged storage period. The shoot growth of the cryopreserved sprouted seedlings was lower than that of the control, and there was no morphological difference, as T7 was the best among the treatments. As a result of RAPD analysis using seedling primers, no genetic variation was found. The above results are expected to be widely used not only for treatment but also for the conservation of genetic resources of other aquatic plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Despite the considerable amount of research conducted on the roles of water beetles in African cultural rituals, their long-term viability for use in these rituals has not been sufficiently investigated. This study was, therefore, conducted in an effort to address this lacuna in human–animal scholarship. We examined the traditional rituals through a consumptive versus non-consumptive lens. Although the notions of consumptive and non-consumptive resource use have been widely explored in other fields such as water resource management and the study of mammals and other vertebrate species (in ecotourism), their application to human–aquatic insect interactions is currently sparse. Notwithstanding the need for further research in this area, our assessment was inexhaustive in establishing conclusive differentiations about the consumptive or non-consumptive nature of the majority of the rituals. Thus, most of the classifications were hypothetical. Certain aspects of the challenges encountered could be attributed to the inexplicit nature of consumptive and non-consumptive concepts when applied to human–animal interactions and use. As a result, our study shows that the application of categorization methods specifically tailored for abiotic resources may encounter limitations when applied to biotic resources. The use of wild animals in customary rituals and as a sustenance resource is a longstanding tradition within sub-Saharan Africa. The emergence of commercial trade, has, however, created unattainable demands and has led to the overexploitation of animals. These demands are threatening the conservation of animal species exploited in this trade. Comparatively little research effort has been dedicated to invertebrate species, and, specifically, their non-commercial uses. We explored the uses of water beetles in traditional rituals. We investigate the extent to which each of the non-commercial uses of water beetles exhibits consumptive and non-consumptive use features. The concepts are contested as their application for describing human–animal interactions has been challenged because of insufficient physiological and conservation data on the implications for animals of such interactions. The inadequacy of the available data pertaining to the use of animal resources was particularly pronounced. Most research efforts are skewed towards vertebrates at the expense of invertebrates. Regardless, the study shows that most non-commercial exploitation and uses of water beetles were mainly non-destructive and, if consumptive, the uses could be described as mainly non-lethal consumptive or sub-lethal consumptive. Rituals that could be described as lethal-consumptive comprised a smaller fraction of the uses of water beetles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Channel dimensions (width and depth) at varying flows influence a host of instream ecological processes, as well as habitat and biotic features; they are a major consideration in stream habitat restoration and instream flow assessments. Models of widths and depths are often used to assess climate change vulnerability, develop endangered species recovery plans, and model water quality. However, development and application of such models require specific skillsets and resources. To facilitate acquisition of such estimates, we created a dataset of modeled channel dimensions for perennial stream segments across the conterminous United States. We used random forest models to predict wetted width, thalweg depth, bankfull width, and bankfull depth from several thousand field measurements of the National Rivers and Streams Assessment. Observed channel widths varied from <5 to >2000 m and depths varied from <2 to >125 m. Metrics of watershed area, runoff, slope, land use, and more were used as model predictors. The models had high pseudo R2 values (0.70–0.91) and median absolute errors within ±6% to ±21% of the interquartile range of measured values across 10 stream orders. Predicted channel dimensions can be joined to 1.1 million stream segments of the 1:100 K resolution National Hydrography Dataset Plus (version 2.1). These predictions, combined with a rapidly growing body of nationally available data, will further enhance our ability to study and protect aquatic resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As one of the world's earliest pottery origins in Eurasia, the role of pottery during Neolithic period in South China remains unclear. Here, we present a new understanding on the utilization pattern of early pottery from the Neolithic sites of Dayan, Dingsishan and Zengpiyan in Guangxi province, China. Compound-specific stable isotope analysis of pottery and bone lipids show that a persistent use of terrestrial C3 and C4 resources throughout the pottery utilization history highlight the culinary practice and terrestrial exploitation during Neolithic period. Contrary to the traditional view that the primary use of these pottery was closely linked with aquatic resource processing, no aquatic biomarkers were found in the potsherds, yet these compounds were detected in the cooking experiments in this study, indicating that aquatic resources in these sites were probably processed or consumed in other ways. Moreover, a remarkable diachronic change from extensive use of C3 and C4 resources to the intensive use of certain kinds of C3 resources in different Neolithic stages, further indicating that an ecological tradition rooted in the subtropical and tropical environments as well as the Neolithic social evolution exerted great influence upon the initial production and the subsequent utilization of early pottery in prehistoric South China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coldwater streams are crucial habitats for many biota including Salmonidae and Cottidae species that are unable to tolerate warmer water temperatures. Accurate classification of coldwater streams is essential for their conservation, restoration, and management, especially in light of increasing human disturbance and climate change. Coldwater streams receive cooler groundwater inputs and, as a result, typically remain ice-free during the winter. Based on this empirical thermal evidence, we examined the potential of very high-resolution (VHR) satellite and uncrewed aerial system (UAS) imagery to (i) detect coldwater streams using semi-automatic classification versus visual interpretation approaches, (ii) examine the physical factors that contribute to inaccuracies in detecting coldwater habitats, and (iii) use the results to identify inaccuracies in existing thermal stream classification datasets and recommend coverage updates. Due to complex site conditions, semi-automated classification was time consuming and produced low mapping accuracy, while visual interpretation produced better results. VHR imagery detected only the highest quality coldwater streams while lower quality streams that still met the thermal and biological criteria to be classified as coldwater remained undetected. Complex stream and site variables (narrow stream width, canopy cover, terrain shadow, stream covered by ice and drifting snow), image quality (spatial resolution, solar elevation angle), and environmental conditions (ambient temperature prior to image acquisition) make coldwater detection challenging; however, UAS imagery is uniquely suited for mapping very narrow streams and can bridge the gap between field data and satellite imagery. Field-collected water temperatures and stream habitat and fish community inventories may be necessary to overcome these challenges and allow validation of remote sensing results. We detected >30 km of coldwater streams that are currently misclassified as warmwater. Overall, visual interpretation of VHR imagery it is a relatively quick and inexpensive approach to detect the location and extent of coldwater stream resources and could be used to develop field monitoring programs to confirm location and extent of coldwater aquatic resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lake Poso is a tectonic lake and the third largest of the lake in Indonesia, and is a potential area for endemic fish resources and tropical eels, disturbance to ecosystem balance in the form of habitat destruction and unfriendly fishing techniques will affect the existence of these resources. This study aimed to determine and evaluate the current condition of water quality, trophic status, and potential for fish production in Lake Poso. Observations were conducted in 2021 in five stations with random purposive methods sampling. The observed main parameters were water quality such as depth, transparency, temperature, conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, hardness, phosphate, nitrate, ammonia, and chlorophyll-a. The results showed that the characteristics of the water quality parameters and trophic status index, classified as waters were good for the life of fish and other organisms. The productivity rate of the lake waters seen from the value of the trophic status index was 46.18 which classified the waters at a mesotrophic level. The potential for fish production was low with numbers ranging from 2445-2605 tons/year and an average of 2545 tons/year. Finally, to maintain aquatic biological resources and sustainable fisheries in Lake Poso are needed (a) maintaining the value trophic state index in condition oligotrophic and mesotrophic, (b) protecting the habitat around the lake by maintaining the optimal vegetation limits, (c) maintaining the aquaculture activities so it no growth up and water condition keep stable and (d) maintaining the capture endemic fish species with traditional fishing gear methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predation is considered one of the key drivers shaping the relationships between animals. There is increasing evidence that non‐host aquatic taxa use free‐living parasite stages as prey, including motile cercariae of digenean trematodes. However, species‐specific predator differences in cercarial consumption are poorly understood, especially when invasive consumers are involved.We used experimental approaches to investigate the possible predator‐induced reduction in trematode‐host encounters in freshwater benthic communities. Four gammarid species, two native European (Gammarus jazdzewskii and G. pulex) and two invasive Ponto‐Caspian (Dikerogammarus villosus and Pontogammarus robustoides), were selected as predators of echinostomatid cercariae (Echinoparyphium aconiatum).We hypothesised that (i) all predators will prey on cercariae, but the amount of prey consumed will vary, the invaders will be more voracious than native species, and (ii) the effect of predator‐induced dilution of cercariae will depend on the environmental condition, i.e., the presence of the natural target host (the planorbid snail Planorbarius corneus) and alternative food resource; the exposure of predators to these two basic environmental factors will reduce their consumption rates of cercariae.The extent of the dilution effect caused by gammarids was highly predator species‐dependent and also varied depending on experimental conditions. Overall, all gammarids preyed on cercariae and reduced infection levels in the target snail host, but the invaders were more efficient than the native species. Furthermore, decreased consumption rates of cercarial prey were observed in the presence of both the target snail hosts and alternative food resources, except for invasive P. robustoides consuming more cercariae when a snail host was present.The observed differences among predators in the consumption of cercariae may be a result of complex interaction traits of parasites, predators and target hosts, such as different predatory behaviour of invasive and native amphipods, change in parasite behaviour in response to the presence/chemical signals of the target host and a predator‐induced "ecology of fear" interfering with the dilution effect of parasites.We provided evidence that gammarids can cause a significant reduction in parasite‐host encounters. The high consumption rates, especially in the presence of easily available alternative food resources, emphasise the importance of free‐living cercariae as an energy resource in aquatic food webs. The observed predator differences in the consumption of cercariae are further evidence of the higher competitive ability of invasive species. Simultaneously, our results indicate that the appearance of new predators in the environment may interfere with established host‐parasite interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper deals with mathematical modeling of a fishery resource system in an aquatic atmosphere consisting of two zones: a free fishing zone and a reserved zone, where fishing is strictly prohibited. The dynamics of the system is studied in the presence of bird predator. In this paper, the quadratic harvesting of the fish species in unreserved zone has been considered whereas bird predator species is subjected to linear harvesting. All the possible biological and bionomic equilibria of the system are studied extensively for their existence, local as well as global stability. We have found various ranges of harvesting parameter for maintaining the Sustainability in the proposed ecosystem. Optimal harvesting is discussed using Pontryagin's maximum principle. Numerical simulations are done to support the theoretical results obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes the nitrogen isotope composition of individual amino acids in collagen extracted from human bone samples from the Gaoshan, Yingpanshan, and Xinyicun sites in Sichuan, where the isotope baseline is unavailable or incomparable with the isotopic data derived from human remains. It aims to understand the food compositions of the inhabitants at these sites, spanning the period from the late Neolithic to the middle Bronze Age, during which time agriculture and domestication of animals were introduced to the region and became increasingly important. The δ15N values of two amino acids, phenylalanine (δ15NPhe) and glutamic acid (δ15NGlu), indicate that the peoples on the Chengdu Plain mainly consumed terrestrial foods. The contribution of aquatic resources to their diet was limited. A possible explanation for the low dependence on aquatic foods is that the developed agriculture and domestication of animals offered sufficient foods. Such subsistence economies and dietary patterns were shaped in the early Baodun period (ca. 2,500–2000 BCE) at the latest and did not seem to change when transiting to the Bronze Age. This study also assesses the significance of these subsistence practices in supporting the social development of the Chengdu Plain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, the high concentrations of copper found in water resources result in an urgent problem to solve since human health and aquatic ecosystems have been affected. Functionalized crosslinked polyketone resins (XLPK) have demonstrated high performance for the uptake of heavy metals in water solutions. In addition, its green chemical synthesis makes these resins very attractive as sorbents for metal ions contained in wastewater. XLPK are not soluble in aqueous media and do not require any catalyst, solvent, or harsh conditions to carry out the uptake process. In this paper, a series of functionalized XLPK with pending amino-derivatives namely; butylamine (BA), amino 2-propanol (A2P), 4-(aminomethyl) benzoic acid (HAMC), 6-aminohexanoic acid (PAMBA), and 1,2 diamino propane (DAP) directly attached to the pyrrole backbone of the polymers and crosslinked by di-amine derivatives was investigated using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. Our computational analysis revealed that dipole-dipole interactions played a crucial role in enhancing the adsorption of Cu2+ ions onto XLPKs. The negatively charged ketone moieties and functional groups within XLPKs were identified as key adsorption sites for the selective binding of Cu2+ ions. Additionally, we found that XLPKs exhibited strong electrostatic interactions primarily through the –NH2 and –C=O groups. Evaluation of the adsorption energies in XLPK-Cu(II) complexes showed that the DAP-Cu(II) complex exhibited the highest stability, attributed to strong Cu(II)-N binding facilitated by the amino moiety (–NH2). The remaining XLPKs displayed binding modes involving oxygen atoms (Cu(II)-O) within the ketone moieties in the polymer backbone. Furthermore, the complexation and thermochemical analysis emphasized the role of the coordinator atom (N or O) and the coordinating environment, in which higher entropic effects involved in the adsorption of Cu2+ ions onto XLPKs describes a lower spontaneity of the adsorption process. The adsorption reactions were favored at lower temperatures and higher pressures. These findings provide valuable insights into the reactivity and adsorption mechanisms of functionalized and crosslinked polyketones for Cu2+ uptake, facilitating the design of high-performance polymeric resins for water treatment applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Groundwater is an important source of water for human sustenance. The determination of groundwater quality at island sites is an urgent priority in China, but there are lacking systematic reports relating to them. Here, 63 groups of groundwater samples were collected and analyzed of Hainan Island. The groundwater in the study area is weakly alkaline, mainly comprising hard and soft freshwater. The predominant anions and cations are HCO3−, and Ca2+ and Na+, respectively, and the main water chemistry types are HCO3–Cl–Na and HCO3–Cl–Na–Ca. The chemical evolution of groundwater is mainly affected by water–rock interactions, cation exchange, and human activity. The groundwater is mostly of high quality and, in most areas, is suitable for drinking and irrigation. Contrastingly, the water quality in the west of the island is relatively poor. The spatial distribution of the risk coefficient (HQ) is consistent with the spatial variation in the NO3− concentrations in the groundwater. Notably, there are unacceptable health risks for different groups of people, with infants having the greatest level of impact, followed by children, teenagers, and adults. This study provides a valuable reference for the development and utilization of groundwater resources, as well as the improvement of aquatic ecological conditions on Hainan Island and other island areas worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Members of Didymellaceae have a wide geographical distribution throughout different ecosystems, and most species are associated with fruit, leaf, stem and root diseases of land plants. However, species that occur in aquatic plants are not clearly known. During a survey of the diversity of endophytes in aquatic plants in Yunnan, Sichuan, and Guizhou provinces, we obtained 51 isolates belonging to Didymellaceae based on internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) sequences. Further, the phylogenetic positions of these isolates were determined by combined sequences composed of ITS, partial large subunit nrRNA gene (28S nrDNA; LSU), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) and partial beta-tubulin gene (tub2). Combining morphological characteristics and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses, two new varieties belong to Boeremia and 12 new species distributed into seven genera were recognized from 51 isolates, i.e., Cumuliphoma, Didymella, Dimorphoma, Ectophoma, Leptosphaerulina, Remotididymella, and Stagonosporopsis. Among these species, only one species of Stagonosporopsis and two species of Leptosphaerulina show teleomorphic stages on OA, but have no anamorphic state. Each new species is described in detail, and the differences between new species and their phylogenetically related species are discussed here. The high frequency of new species indicates that aquatic plants may be a special ecological niche which highly promotes species differentiation. At the same time, the frequent occurrence of new species may indicate the need for extensive investigation of fungal resources in those aquatic environments where fungal diversity may be underestimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For instance, most or all Dolly Varden ( I Salvelinus malma i ) and Arctic grayling ( I Thymallus arcticus i ) overwintering sites in Alaska's Canning River (Figure 1) are associated with perennial springs (Brown et al., [3]). We are not aware of any previously published description of a mass mortality event among overwintering fish at an Arctic perennial spring, although such occurrences are known among the Iñupiat of the region, including at this particular site (North Slope Subsistence Regional Advisory Council Transcript, [18]). We counted 56 overflow fish, of which we were able to obtain fork lengths for 27 (median fork length: 27 cm, range: 15-35 cm; Glass et al., [13]), and >20 pool fish, although pool fish were frozen deeper in the ice precluding an accurate count. Keywords: Gulo gulo; overwintering habitat; perennial spring; Salvelinus malma; scavenging; Thymallus arcticus EN Gulo gulo overwintering habitat perennial spring Salvelinus malma scavenging Thymallus arcticus 1 5 5 07/05/23 20230701 NES 230701 Riverine perennial springs in the Arctic are often considered oases for aquatic species, providing refugia when rivers run dry during the summer and freeze in winter (Huryn et al., [15]; Power et al., [20]). [Extracted from the article]

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) has attracted much attention in recent years due to its rapid extraction capability, high extraction efficiency, and being an environmentally friendly and low-cost methodology. This review gives a general overview of UAE and specifically its recent applications on fish and aquatic living resources. Moreover, the extraction efficiency of UAE is compared with those offered by other extraction methods. The UAE technique is a hopeful tool for compounds extraction, and it is possible to combine it with other sample pre-treatment techniques such as solid-phase and liquid-phase microextraction techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ohio River Ecological Research Program (ORERP), sponsored by multiple power plants along the river's main stem, was in existence for 50 years. Its goals were to collect fish community data to evaluate possible impacts to Ohio River fish communities because of either power plant discharges (i.e., thermal effects) or cooling water intakes. Studies by the ORERP have shown that thermal avoidance of discharge areas often occurs during the summer, but this avoidance is temporary and reversible, and long‐term disruptions of the fish communities have not been detected. Impingement studies conducted at 13 plants from 2005 to 2007 showed that impingement was highly episodic and dominated by clupeids and Freshwater Drum Aplodinotus grunniens. Impinged fish were mainly (>90%) young of the year; as a result, impingement numbers strongly reflected year‐class strength. Entrainment of ichthyoplankton was conducted under the ORERP at seven plants in 2015 and 2016. Annual entrainment estimates ranged from 43 million to 3.5 billion (i.e., 3.5 × 109) ichthyoplankton depending on the plant. The principal benefit of this collaborative effort was that these data allowed the sponsoring facilities and others to access an extensive database upon which fact‐based regulatory, resource management, and plant operating decisions could be based. Most importantly, the ORERP is a collaborative model for private and public organizations to collect, share, and analyze data and make resource management decisions for a large, multi‐use aquatic resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]