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Background: Antioxidants of natural origin can be used to improve cryopreservation of semen. Objective: To evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with Erythrina americana on the seminal characteristics of rams. Methods: Ten rams were randomly distributed in two treatments: l) Group supplemented with E. americana (20% dry matter basis; AEA, n=5), and 2) Control group not supplemented (SEA, n=5). Both diets were iso-proteic and iso-energetic. The feeding period was eleven weeks. Ejaculates were obtained through an artificial vagina and were evaluated fresh (37 °C) and refrigerated (5 °C). Semen volume (VOL) was assessed by visual examination in a calibrated (mm) tube; sperm concentration (CON x106) with a photometer; and mass motility (MM, 1-5), individual motility (IM), normality (N), and live sperm (L) were assessed by microscopic observation. Results: Feeding E. americana did not affect (p>0.05) VOL, CON, MM, and N in fresh semen, but decreased (p<0.05) IM and L. The L and N variables did not differ (p>0.05) among treatment groups in the refrigerated semen; however, IM improved in the AEA group (p<0.05) compared to the SEA group. Conclusion: Dietary supplementation of rams with E. americana reduces sperm quality in fresh semen but is beneficial for the cooling process of refrigerated semen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to develop and characterize reduced-fat ice cream formulations with the addition of dehydrated cassava bagasse (CB) and lychee pulp (LP). The ice cream formulations were prepared with different proportions of palm fat (0 to 5%), CB (0 to 5%) and LP (1 to 8%) and were evaluated in terms of chemical and microbiological composition, and in relation to the technological, antioxidant and sensory properties. The use of higher levels of CB (5%) and LP (8%) allowed obtaining a higher fiber content and lower fat content. All formulations were safe for consumption and showed adequate values for overrun, melting rate and color. The ice creams showed adequate sensory acceptance, with emphasis on the formulations containing different amounts of CB addition (2 to 5%) and until 3% LP. The higher LP content the higher total phenolic content and the antioxidant capacity were found in ice cream formulations. These results showed the viability of applying CB and LP in ice cream formulations, especially in the proportion of 5% and 1%, promoting the sustainability by using a natural source of antioxidants and a fiber-rich agro-industrial by-product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ethanol consumption during pregnancy induces enduring detrimental effects in the offspring, manifesting as a spectrum of symptoms collectively termed as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). Presently, there is a scarcity of treatments for FASD.Objectives: To analyze current literature, emphasizing evidence derived from preclinical models, that could potentially inform therapeutic interventions for FASD.Methods: A narrative review was conducted focusing on four prospective treatments: nutritional supplements, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory compounds and environmental enrichment. The review also highlights innovative therapeutic strategies applied during early (e.g. folate administration, postnatal days 4–9) or late (e.g. NOX2 inhibitors given after weaning) postnatal stages that resulted in significant improvements in behavioral responses during adolescence (a critical period marked by the emergence of mental health issues in humans).Results: Our findings underscore the value of treatments centered around nutritional supplementation or environmental enrichment, aimed at mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation, implying shared mechanisms in FASD pathogenesis. Moreover, the review spotlights emerging evidence pertaining to the involvement of novel molecular components with potential pharmacological targets (such as NOX2, MCP1/CCR2, PPARJ, and PDE1).Conclusions: Preclinical studies have identified oxidative imbalance and neuroinflammation as relevant pathological mechanisms induced by prenatal ethanol exposure. The relevance of these mechanisms, which exhibit positive feedback loop mechanisms, appear to peak during early development and decreases in adulthood. These findings provide a framework for the future development of therapeutic avenues in the development of specific clinical treatments for FASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental pollution can promote oxidative stress by exposing the body to various elements and substances that generate free radicals, such as lead and vanadium. These free radicals can negatively impact the respiratory, cardiovascular, immune, and neurological systems of vulnerable populations, including children, the elderly, and those with chronic diseases. To prevent or reduce oxidative stress, it is recommended to consume a balanced diet rich in natural antioxidants. These antioxidants can be found in various foods, especially in fruits and vegetables with intense colors, seeds, and spices. In recent decades, the effectiveness of consuming natural antioxidants such as resveratrol (found in wine), coffee, curcumin, garlic, vitamin C, vitamin E, and green tea has been demonstrated. These antioxidants have beneficial effects on the body, including the protection of cell membranes, regulation of gene expression associated with inflammation, prevention or reduction of endothelial damage, and the decrease or diminished severity of neurodegeneration, liver, and pulmonary disorders. Additionally, they stimulate the immune response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Dietetica y Ciencias de la Alimentacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La luz tiene un impacto positivo en la regulación de los procesos de desarrollo de las plantas. Sin embargo, la evidencia sugiere que las respuestas a los cambios en el espectro de luz dependen de las especies de plantas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la iluminación suplementaria con LEDs sobre el crecimiento, la síntesis de fitoquímicos y la calidad del fruto en cultivos de tomate y pepino. Para esto, se estableció un experimento con plantas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) y pepino (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivadas con luz suplementaria de 7:00 p.m. a 12:00 a.m. utilizando lámparas LED con luz azul (455 nm), roja (660 nm) y roja lejana (730 nm). Los tratamientos fueron la aplicación de las diferentes longitudes de onda con una o dos lámparas, más un control (T0). Se evaluaron los parámetros agronómicos, contenido de fitoquímicos y calidad de los frutos. Los resultados demostraron un impacto en la altura de las plantas de tomate, además se incrementaron los pigmentos fotosintéticos en hojas de tomate (18.4-29.1%), licopeno en hojas (166.7-207.4%) y frutos de pepino (83.2-175.5%), y compuestos carotenoides en frutos de tomate (106.9-127.5%). También se modificaron los atributos de calidad de los frutos como SST, pH y CE. En conclusión, los resultados mostraron que la suplementación con luz a través de lámparas LED induce respuestas positivas en los cultivos de tomate y pepino, mejorando la calidad y compuestos bioactivos de los frutos de tomate y pepino.

El tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) por su alta demanda y producción es la hortaliza más importante en el mundo aunado a esto es un alimento funcional por su contenido de antioxidantes. Este cultivo se produce bajo un sistema protegido con una fuente de fertilización inorgánica sintética, lo cual incrementa los costos de producción. Es importante encontrar una fuente alternativa de fertilización y un manejo agronómico que incremente los rendimientos, mejore la calidad comercial y nutraceútica de este cultivo. El objetivo del estudio fue comprobar el efecto sobre la calidad comercial y los compuestos bioactivos de tomate, con dosis de estiércol bovino solarizado y el número de tallos bajo un sistema protegido, así como evaluar el efecto de la fertilización orgánica en el suelo. La investigación se desarrolló durante el ciclo primavera-verano 2021. Se obtuvieron ocho tratamientos (factorial 4×2) originados de la combinación de cuatro dosis de fertilización (0, 40, 60 Mg ha-1 de estiércol solarizado y fertilizante químico [Urea (46-0-0) y MAP (11-52-0)] con dos números de tallos (uno y dos tallos) por planta. La calidad comercial fue superior organolépticamente con el tratamiento de 60 Mg ha-1 y con un solo tallo encontrándose superior a los 4.8 °Brix. El mayor rendimiento se obtuvo con la dosis de 60 Mg ha-1 de estiércol bovino siendo estadísticamente similar a la fertilización química. El contenido de compuestos bioactivos (licopeno y la capacidad antioxidante) se incrementó un 36% con el efecto de la interacción de 60 Mg ha-1 de estiércol y un tallo en comparación con el tratamiento químico. El contenido de MO, NO3-, NH4+y PO4-3 en el suelo se incrementó con las dosis de estiércol, por lo que se ve reflejado uno de los beneficios del uso de este abono orgánico.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of dehydrated squash pulp (DSP) (0, 5, 10, 15, and 25 g·100 g-1 of flour) and drying temperatures (50 and 60 °C) on the quality characteristics of spaghetti, i.e., dietary fiber, total carotenoid content, color, cooking quality, texture parameters, and sensory acceptance. The results showed that DSP has a total carotenoid content of 44.42 to 277.90 µg·g-1 and fiber content of 2.45 to 12.40 g·100 g-1. Additionally, the DSP level decreased the cooking time, increased the loss of solids, and generated a decrease in the fracture, hardness, and elasticity of the spaghetti. Furthermore, the increase from 50 to 60 °C in the drying temperature increased the content of carotenoids up to 6.4%, improving the texture properties while not significantly affecting the cooking quality. The spaghetti formulations containing 5 and 10 g·100 g-1 of DSP resulted in improved sensory acceptance. It was possible to develop a new spaghetti type by adding dehydrated squash pulp with better nutritional characteristics such as high dietary fiber content and antioxidants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agroindustrial Science is the property of Agroindustrial Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Green tea, or Camellia sinensis, is a type of unfermented tea that contains natural substances found in fresh leaves. It is considered the second most popular drink in the world after water. This review extensively examines the phytochemistry of green tea, as it exhibits antioxidant, anticancer, hypoglycemic, antibacterial, antiviral and neuroprotective pharmacological activities. Consequently, green tea has demonstrated promising practical applications for healthcare and disease prevention. To accomplish this, a search was conducted using bibliographic databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science to find articles related to the phytochemistry of green tea published between 2018 and 2023, in order to ascertain, with evidence, the properties of green tea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A criopreservação do sêmen bovino contribui para as cadeias produtivas do leite e da carne, melhorando a eficiência dos rebanhos e, consequentemente, sua lucratividade. Neste contexto, diferentes métodos e aditivos são utilizados para melhorar a resistência espermática à criopreservação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o uso de ácido ascórbico (vitamina C) e Trolox (vitamina E sintética) como antioxidantes no meio diluidor de sêmen para preservar a viabilidade do sêmen no processo de congelamento-descongelamento. Oito touros, cinco Bos taurus indicus e três Bos taurus taurus, foram selecionados e submetidos a três coletas de sêmen em intervalos de 48 horas. Os ejaculados foram submetidos a uma análise prévia de motilidade, vigor e concentração, a seguir colocados em palhetas de 0,25 mL na proporção de 25×106 de espermatozoides viáveis, e distribuídos em quatro grupos: GI (sêmen diluído sem adição de vitaminas), GII (sêmen diluído com 250 μmoL mL-1 de Trolox), GIII (sêmen diluído com 0,60 mg mL-1 de vitamina C) e GIV (sêmen diluído com 0,60 mg mL-1 de vitamina C + 250 μmoL mL-1 de Trolox); posteriormente, foram submetidos à criopreservação. Os movimentos e a cinética dos espermatozoides descongelados foram analisados por Computer-Assisted Semen Analysis (CASA), não havendo diferença (p0,05). A interação entre Trolox e vitamina C gerou resultados significativos para a motilidade espermática após o descongelamento quando avaliada pelo TRT, e a viabilidade espermática quando avaliada pelo HOST, sendo superiores aos encontrados no grupo controle e no grupo com adição de vitamina C.

Resumo Fundamento A remodelação adversa dos vasos pulmonares eleva a pressão pulmonar e provoca hipertensão arterial pulmonar (HAP). A HAP resulta em aumento da pós-carga do ventrículo direito (VD), causando hipertrofia ventricular e consequente insuficiência cardíaca. Não existe um tratamento específico para o remodelamento desadaptativo do VD secundário à HAP. Objetivos Este estudo tem como objetivo explorar duas abordagens terapêuticas, o suco de uva (SU) e os hormônios tireoidianos (HT), no tratamento do estresse oxidativo induzido pela HAP e nas alterações funcionais cardíacas. Métodos Parâmetros ecocardiográficos relacionados à resistência dos vasos pulmonares (relação TA/TE), contratilidade do VD (ESPAT) e função diastólica do VD (relação dos picos E/A) foram avaliados. Além disso, foram medidos ROS totais, peroxidação lipídica, enzimas antioxidantes, proteínas de manipulação de cálcio, expressão de proteínas pró-oxidantes e antioxidantes. Valores de p

Introducción: el principal objetivo de la presente revisión es conocer la evidencia científica actual sobre el papel de los antioxidantes en relación con las amiloidosis. El estrés oxidativo ha sido estudiado en la amiloidosis y se realizó una revisión narrativa sobre artículos publicados en el uso de antioxidantes en el tratamiento de estas enfermedades. Estado del arte: se presentan artículos publicados desde el año 2010 hasta el año 2022, en relación con el empleo de carvedilol, epigalocatequina galato (EGCG), resveratrol y tetraciclinas en modelos y casos de amiloidosis. Discusión/Conclusión: la terapia antioxidante para la amiloidosis está en desarrollo temprano, por lo cual requiere más estudios clínicos para evaluar eficacia y seguridad a largo plazo. Los antioxidantes como el carvedilol y el EGCG muestran gran potencial en interferir con las fibrillas amiloides, pero se necesita más investigación para comprender su impacto completo y viabilidad como tratamiento a largo plazo.

Introdução: O consumo de alimentos com propriedades antioxidantes é essencial para atletas na prática intensa de atividade física, pois o consumo de oxigênio aumenta e pode acarretar elevação da produção de radicais livres pode levar estresse oxidativo, acarretando fadiga, lesão muscular e baixo desempenho. Nos alimentos vermelhos os antioxidantes mais encontrados são licopeno e antocianinas, responsáveis pela coloração dos alimentos. Objetivo: O presente estudo verificou a frequência do consumo de alimentos vermelhos com propriedades antioxidantes e presença de lesões nos atletas de ginástica rítmica, além de averiguar e classificar o estado nutricional. Materiais e metodos: Estudo de caráter transversal aprovado pelo comitê de ética nº 3.424.317, com participação de 8 atletas com idade de 7 a 12 anos, foi aplicado um questionário de frequência alimentar (QFA), para avaliar o consumo além da coleta de dados antropométricos para avaliar o IMC, o qual foi realizado individualmente em forma de entrevista. Dados tabulados em planilhas eletrônicas Excel® Office 365 utilizando estatística descritiva média e percentual. Resultados: 100% (n=8) das atletas encontravam-se em eutrofia e 50% (n=4) já sofreram algum tipo de lesão durante os treinos, o menor consumo dos alimentos pesquisados, foi entre as atletas que relataram já terem sofrido lesões. Discussão: As atletas que apresentaram maior consumo de alimentos antioxidantes foram as que relataram não ter sofrido algum tipo de lesão durante os treinos, podendo ser este fato considerado um dos possíveis fatores para proteção antioxidantes e são necessários na dieta dos atletas a fim de garantir a saúde e prevenir possíveis lesões.

Objective: To identify the influence of carbohydrate (CHO) intake on oxidative status among women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Materials and methods: A cross-sectional, observational and comparative study was carried out with two groups of 21 women each with and without GDM in the city of Toluca, Mexico, from January to December 2022. The sociodemographic parameters were determined by administering the patients a medical history questionnaire; anthropometric parameters such as body weight and height were measured; and biochemical parameters including total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were calculated. The oxidant/antioxidant status was assessed as follows: malondialdehyde (MDA) as oxidative stress marker; and catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as antioxidants. Dietary habits were evaluated through a 24-hour reminder in both groups of women to obtain the macronutrient classes, i.e., proteins, fats and CHOs. Based on the total carbohydrates (TCHOs), complex (CCHOs) and simple carbohydrates (SCHOs) such as sucrose were calculated. SCHOs per day were measured using the list of foods with sucrose content per 100 grams according to the Mexican Food Equivalence System (SMAE). The NutriKcal VO program was used for the dietary analysis. Statistical tests such as Student's t test and Mann-Whitney U test were performed for the independent samples and nonhomogeneous variables, respectively, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (p < 0.05) was determined using the IBM SPSS Statistics V19. Results: The results showed that the difference between the levels of TC (p < 0.029), TG (p < 0.029), enzymes CAT (p < 0.011) and SOD (p < 0.013), as well as MDA (p < 0.039) was significantly higher among patients in the group with GDM compared to that in the group without GDM. In addition, the group with GDM consumed a higher proportion of sucrose. Conclusions: Women with GDM have an imbalance in the oxidant/antioxidant status, influenced by the type of CHO they consume, particularly SCHOs such as sucrose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laelia speciosa is an epiphytic orchid endemic to Mexico, enjoying special protected status due to illegal sales and clandestine field extraction. Until now, in vitro cultivation of this plant has not been explored using temporary immersion bioreactor (TIB). L. speciosa seedlings were grown in a TIB, and the presence of bioactive compounds released into the liquid culture medium was determined. Bioactive compounds such as antioxidants, total polyphenols, and flavonoids were identified. The maximum concentration of total polyphenols was 2.29 ± 0.10 mg GAE/g, and the antioxidant capacity reached 33.7 %. Colorimetric tests revealed the presence of flavanones and flavonols. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry identified components of the culture medium as 1,3- dihydroxyacetone dimer and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furancarbaldehyde. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of polyphenols in the culture medium. This work provides an alternative method for obtaining bioactive compounds while conserving L. speciosa seedlings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human microbiota is highly variable, it is interrelated between organs and systems. This is the case of the gut-brain and skin axis, whose dysbiosis or imbalance in its bacterial phylotypes can be conditioning factors for dermatoses such as acne. Acne is the most common disease in adolescents, multiple anti-inflammatory treatments have been investigated to treat this part of its pathophysiology, among which are tetracyclines at suboptimal doses, antioxidants and oral probiotics. Based on the current literature, there is evidence to suggest that oral probiotics may be effective as adjunctive therapy to control acne. Given the aggressiveness of some standard acne treatments, probiotics should continue to be investigated as an alternative or adjuvant therapy, as they are not safe in immunosuppressed patients. Larger studies looking at probiotic supplementation along with medications are needed to understand the true advantages and disadvantages of their prescription. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Reprodução Animal is the property of Revista Brasileira de Reproducao Animal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Reprodução Animal is the property of Revista Brasileira de Reproducao Animal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista CienciaUAT is the property of Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The physicochemical characterization, antioxidant potential and phenolic composition of fruits of six genotypes (BB3, BB4, BB6, PW1, PW2 and PW5) and seven commercial cultivars (Bluebelle, Bluegem, Briteblue, Climax, Delite, Powderblue and Woodard) were carried out of blueberry, from the 2019/2020 production cycle. Color, soluble solids content, pH, titratable acidity, antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS), total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins and individual anthocyanins were analyzed. In general, all genotypes and cultivars are rich in phytochemicals. The genotypes PW1, PW2, PW5, BB3 and the cultivars Bluegem, Briteblue, Climax and Delite stand out. Thus, the blueberry genotypes in this study are considered as promising for the food industry and also for fresh consumption as commercial cultivars already consolidated in the fruit market, in view of the excellent phenolic composition present in these small fruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria is the property of Asociacion Interprofesional para el Desarrollo Agrario (AIDA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La agricultura convencional se ha promovido para garantizar la disponibilidad de alimentos en el mundo, sin embargo, la corriente que promueve prácticas ecológicas para la producción orgánica de los alimentos ha tomado un mayor auge en los últimos años, especialmente debido a los efectos sobre la salud y medio ambiente del uso de agroquímicos. Este estudio tiene como propósito realizar una evaluación proximal de tomate riñón y mora, con la finalidad de comparar las propiedades nutricionales entre productos obtenidos de cultivos convencional y orgánico. La metodología propuesta aplica un muestre intencional para el muestreo de productos orgánicos y convencionales provenientes de granjas certificadas y mercados donde estos se comercializan. Para el análisis se proponen ensayos en laboratorio con un análisis proximal y la identificación de licopeno, vitamina C y A. Los resultados demuestran una diferencia en las muestras de origen orgánico frente a aquellas convencionales, especialmente en el contenido de licopeno (tomate riñón) y vitamina C (mora), así como otras propiedades nutricionales de proteína y carbohidratos. La conclusión de este trabajo permite determinar que el origen de producción, orgánica y convencional, de estos productos influye en las características nutricionales, aunque no de manera significativa, otorgándole cualidades adicionales para el consumidor.

Objetivo: Identificar la influencia del consumo de hidratos de carbono (HCO) sobre el estado oxidante en mujeres con y sin diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal, observacional y comparativo a dos grupos de 21 mujeres con y sin DMG, respectivamente, en la ciudad de Toluca, México, de enero a diciembre del 2022. Para evaluar parámetros sociodemográficos, se les aplicó un cuestionario de historia clínica; en cuanto a los parámetros antropométricos, se les midió peso corporal y estatura; y respecto a los parámetros bioquímicos, colesterol total (CT) y triglicéridos (TG). Para evaluar el estado oxidante/antioxidante se cuantificaron, como marcador oxidante, el malondihaldeído (MDA), y como antioxidantes, catalasa (cat), superóxido dismutasa (SOD) y capacidad antioxidante total (CAT). Los hábitos dietéticos se evaluaron a través de un recordatorio de 24 horas, en ambos grupos de mujeres, para obtener los macronutrientes: proteínas, lípidos e HCO. A partir de los hidratos de carbono totales (HCOT), se calcularon los hidratos de carbono complejos (HCOC) e hidratos de carbono simples (HCOS) como la sacarosa. Para el cálculo de HCOS por día, se usó la lista de alimentos con contenido de sacarosa por cada 100 gramos de consumo que emplea el Sistema Mexicano de Equivalentes; para el análisis de dieta, se utilizó el programa Nutrikcal VO. Se usaron las pruebas estadísticas t de Student para muestras independientes, U de Mann-Whitney para las variables no homogéneas y se realizó la correlación de Spearman (p < 0,05) en el programa SPSS, versión 19. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que la diferencia entre los valores de CT (p < 0,029), TG (p < 0,029), las enzimas: cat (p < 0,011), SOD (p < 0,013), así como el MDA (p < 0,039), fueron significativamente mayores en las pacientes del grupo con DMG en comparación con el grupo sin DMG. Además, el grupo con DMG consumió mayor proporción de sacarosa. Conclusiones: Las mujeres con DMG tienen un desequilibrio en el estado oxidante/antioxidante influenciado por el tipo de HCO que consumen, en particular los HCOS como la sacarosa.

Debido a los problemas de salud producidos por el alto consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados, es necesario determinar el contenido de compuestos fenólicos durante la elaboración de panes artesanales fermentados con dos tipos de harina, un cultivo iniciador y dos sustratos vegetales. Se prepararon cinco formulaciones, harina de trigo+agua (HT), harina de trigo integral+agua (HTI), harina de trigo integral+agua+cerveza (HTIC), harina de trigo integral+agua+cerveza+chile habanero (HTICH) y harina de trigo integral+agua+cerveza+chile serrano (HTICS). El pan HTIC fue el más esponjoso y los panes HT y HTI fueron los más ácidos. En las diferentes etapas del proceso de elaboración de pan, la cantidad de fenoles totales fue mayor en la masa madre HTICS (33.74±0.03 mg EAG/100 g), mientras que el pan HT tuvo el mayor contenido de flavonoides totales (13.32±0.06 mg EQ/100 g). Los panes artesanales pueden considerarse como un alimento funcional para mejorar la salud del ser humano.

El yodo es un elemento esencial para los humanos pues su déficit puede afectar la salud humana. Los complejos de quitosán yodados en frutos pueden ser una buena alternativa para mejorar la biofortificación, además de aumentar el rendimiento y la calidad del cultivo. Por lo que el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto poscosecha sobre los principales compuestos nutraceúticos (incluyendo antioxidantes) de frutos de melón por efecto de la aplicación de compuestos biofortificantes de yodo en estadios precosecha. Los tratamientos aplicados fueron a base de sales de yoduro de potasio (KI) y yodato de potasio (KIO3), complejo quitosán-KI (CS-KI), complejo de quitosán-KIO3 (CS-KIO3), quitosán como control y agua como testigo absoluto en frutos de melón. Cada tratamiento consistió en dosis de 5 y 25 mg Kg-1 asperjado de manera foliar. Los resultados muestran que la aplicación de complejos de CS-I mantiene la calidad y disminuye la apariencia de deshidratación durante 15 días poscosecha, el contenido de carotenoides en frutos tratados (promedio 446.67 mg 100 mL-1) es mayor en comparación con los frutos control (promedio 230.65 mg 100 mL-1) a los 12 días, el contenido de la vitamina C en frutos tratados (promedio 46.56 g 100 mL-1) es mayor en comparación con los frutos control (promedio 35.93 g 100 mL-1) a los 10 días y la capacidad antioxidante total se mantiene (promedio 44.47 µg EAG mL-1) durante 15 días de almacenamiento, lo que indica la conservación del contenido nutracéutico del melón por hasta 15 días a 25 °C.

En Perú se producen más de 3500 variedades de papas, sin embargo, es poca la información disponible sobre las propiedades antioxidantes que poseen. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el efecto de los tratamientos térmicos de hervido y de fritura, y la digestión in vitro en el contenido de polifenoles totales, antocianinas y actividad antioxidante en cuatro variedades de papas nativas. Las papas nativas clon de pulpa rojo (C1), clon de pulpa azul (C2), variedad Elena 1198 (V4) y la variedad Kitipsho (V8) fueron obtenidas del centro poblado de Huallmish a 3500 m s.n.m. para la evaluación de principios activos, las muestras sometidas a cocción y fritura fueron licuadas y se realizaron extracciones con metanol y también se realizó la digestión in vitro. Los resultados en las papas nativas mostraron diferencias en peso, longitud y diámetro, además, tampoco se encontró la presencia de vitamina C. Los tratamientos térmicos mediante hervido, fritura y luego del proceso de digestión in vitro, indujeron variaciones en el contenido de componentes bioactivos (P < 0,05), donde las cuatro variedades de papa mostraron un incremento en su capacidad para inhibir el catión abts, lo que estaría relacionado con el tipo de antioxidante y el potencial de hidrógeno del medio al cual fue sometido durante la digestión in vitro. En conclusión, las muestras de papas nativas luego de los tratamientos de hervido, fritura y digestión in vitro incrementaron la actividad antioxidante para secuestrar el catión ABTS.

The effects of cold and hot smoking and the addition of Dunaliella salina polyphenol extract on the biochemical quality and shelf-life of Sander lucioperca fillets after storage for 90 days at 0-4 °C were examined. The results showed a significant increase in protein, lipid, free fatty acid, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl contents, and a decrease in peroxide and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and volatile base nitrogen levels in cold (CSF) and hot (HSF) smoked fillets covered with or without extract and stored for 1, 20, and 90 days compared to fresh fillets (FF). Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids exhibited a significant increase in FF and CSF and HSF covered with or without extract. The total polyunsaturated fatty acids revealed a significant decrease in FF and CSF and HSF with or without extract. Therefore, cold and hot smoking and polyphenol extract improved the biochemical quality and storage shelf-life of fillets for 90 days at 0-4 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios is the property of Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Los polifenoles son compuestos que se encuentran en diversas fuentes vegetales, siendo el grupo de los flavonoides el más común de ellos. Dentro de este grupo, las catequinas son de interés en el área cosmética y salud de la piel. Por ello, la investigación se enfocó en la extracción y determinación del contenido de polifenoles, flavonoides y (-)-epicatequinas presentes en cacao proveniente de Canoabo, como potencial agente antienvejecimiento de la piel para ser empleado en la industria cosmética. Se realizó la extracción de los compuestos polifenólicos de la muestra de cacao fermentado y seco empleando un equipo Soxhlet, usando como solvente metanol. La caracterizacion se llevó a cabo por espectroscopia infrarroja (FTIR), espectroscopia UV-visible, cromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia (HPLC), microscopia electrónica de barrido (SEM) y tensiómetro de Du Nouy. Empleando FTIR y UV-Visible, se determinó la presencia de flavonoides. El extracto alcohólico del cacao presentó una concentración de polifenoles totales igual a 13.500,56 ± 0,89 mg AG/L y la concentración de flavonoides igual a 7.792,2 ± 0,3 mg EC/L. A través del HPLC se determinó que la cantidad de (-)- epicatequina resultó 1.434,4 ± 0,6 mg EC/kg. A través de la determinación de la tensión superficial a una solución acuosa al 1 % v/v de extracto polifenólico, se evidenció que los polifenoles pueden comportarse como anfífilos. Con los resultados obtenidos se puede garantizar que el extracto contiene los polifenoles necesarios para ser incorporados en una formulación con potencial aplicación cosmética.

Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) is a plant whose female inflorescence is used in the brewing industry to impart bitterness and aroma to the drink, and Brazil imports about 98% of this raw material. However, this plant has been gaining prominence in the country, directly influencing the quality characteristics of the final product. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the alpha acids content of two hop cultivars produced in Brazil and the United States. The work was developed at UDESC/CAV, in Lages/SC, in the year 2021. A standard Indian Pale Ale beer, with the same base recipe, was produced. Each treatment consisted of the addition of different hop cultivars (Comet and Fuggle) from two origins (Brazilian and American). The results confirm that the cultivars and the origin of the hops influence the chemical characteristics of the evaluated beers. The amount of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids and antioxidant activity of the beer produced with the Brazilian Fuggle cultivar was 6.5% (850.09 meq gallic acid L-1); 75.5% (95.07 meq quercetin L-1) and 13.8% (6890 mmol Trolox L-1) higher, respectively, in relation to beer produced with the same cultivar originating in the United States. There was an inverse correlation between the alpha acid content and the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of the beers. The beers in which Brazilian Fuggle hops were used, with the lowest alpha acid content among those adopted, showed a greater positive association with the total polyphenol content, individuals and antioxidant capacity of the beers. In conclusion, the beers produced with the cultivar Fuggle Brasileiro have a greater concentration of antioxidant substances.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M. is the property of Knowledge E DMCC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Innotec is the property of Laboratorio Tecnologico del Uruguay and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Dietetica y Ciencias de la Alimentacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Dietetica y Ciencias de la Alimentacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introdução: A obesidade se caracteriza como um grave problema de saúde pública. Diante disto, tem-se buscado novas estratégias que auxiliem na prevenção e no tratamento dessa doença. Dentre esses métodos está ouso dos compostos bioativos, que são substâncias presentes nos alimentos que favorecem e melhoram a saúde. Objetivo: Nesse sentido, o presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar compostos bioativos com potencial atividade antiobesidade. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de artigos científicos publicados nos últimos três anos, nos idiomas espanhol e inglês nas bases de dados Web of Science, Science Direct, Scorpus e Pubmed, onde os artigos foram selecionados por meio da leitura dos resumos. Resultados: Foram selecionados 41 artigos de interesse que tratavam do potencial dos compostos bioativos com efeitos antiadipogênicos. Discussão: Os compostos bioativos são uma excelente estratégia na prevenção e no tratamento da obesidade, pois compreendem agentes naturais que podem ser obtidos por meio da alimentação como também podem ser utilizados futuramente na formulação de medicamentos, nutracêuticos e fitoterápicos e assim contribuírem para o processo de emagrecimento de pacientes obesos. Conclusão: Portanto, os alimentos funcionais e plantas medicinais associados com a perda de peso devem ser explorados na prevenção e no tratamento da obesidade, porém devem ser investigados a toxicidade dos compostos bioativos isolados.

En el presente artículo se identifican estudios realizados de los compuestos fenólicos, flavonoides y antioxidantes de las especies de la familia Caprifoliaceae descritas en la literatura científica. Para ello, se realizó la revisión sistemática en tres bases de datos (Scopus, Scielo y ScienceDirect), aplicando palabras claves en español: Caprifoliaceae, stangea y con palabras claves en inglés: phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant. La búsqueda total en la base de datos internacionales y nacionales, mostró más de 1700 documentos, los cuales fueron filtrados y excluidos de manera preestablecidas, dando como resultado cuatro investigaciones, permitiendo identificar los análisis sobre especies de la familia Caprifoliaceae y su aplicación en productos procesados.

La enfermedad producida por el SRAS-CoV2 (COVID-19) provocó una crisis sanitaria mundial. La Organización Mundial de la Salud muestra cifras de una elevada morbilidad y mortalidad y por tal motivo es imprescindible profundizar en los aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos del diagnóstico y el tratamiento para enfrentar y vencer esta enfermedad. Algunos investigadores han demostrado que el uso de la vitamina C, tanto de los alimentos así como de suplementos vitamínicos por vía oral o intravenosa, tiene un efecto positivo en el organismo. El efecto potencial de la vitamina C es la reducción de la inflamación pulmonar que podría desempeñar un papel clave en la lesión pulmonar causada por la infección por coronavirus.

El sistema nervioso central es fundamental en el control de la homeostasis y mantenimiento de las funciones fisiológicas del organismo. Sin embargo, sus características bioquímicas hacen que sea especialmente vulnerable al daño oxidativo, lo que compromete su correcto funcionamiento, desencadenando neurodegeneración y muerte neuronal.