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The article discusses the problem of evaluating literary text understanding by teenagers aged 11–12. Theoretical analysis showed that the evaluation and development of dramatic text understanding is the most underestimated problem in pedagogical, philological, and psychological research. The diagnostic assessment «Understanding of Dramatic Texts» consists of two parts. The first part allows you to estimate the level of following reading skills: paratext interpretation; the ability to understand the emotional tone of the work; the ability to «recreate» the image of a literary hero; the ability to disclose the author’s claim. In this part of the study, the material used as the survey basis is presented by Alexander Vampilov’s dramatic work «Date» (1961). The second part of the discussed method is based on the creative transformation task. Aesop’s fable «The Liar» was used as epic text to be made into dramatic texts by the learners. The children’s works analysis allowed us to evaluate the formed within the study framework reading attitudes which are necessary for dramatic text decoding and understanding. We assessed the results in terms of form and content. The diagnostic assessment was conducted in three trial stages. First, we ran and recorded conversations with a reference group, which included 16 specialists in the field of philology and theater. This step allowed us to determine evaluation criteria. Grade 5–6 students took part in the second stage of testing. This stage made it possible to shorten and adapt the questionnaire for working with schoolchildren. In the third stage, the methodology was adapted for written implementation

This paper presents the results of numerical modelling of optical radiation propagation in a SU-8 polymer waveguide and signal modulation at different phase states of an array of nanoparticles of the phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST). It is shown how the transmitted radiation is modulated for different numbers of nanoparticles when placed on the top and at the edge of the waveguide. The simulation results show that in addition to the influence of the phase states (crystalline or amorphous) on the properties of the transmitted signal, in the case of nanoparticles not only reflection and absorption but also scattering of the material play a prominent role. The basic possibility of controlling the optical signal of telecommunication range passing through the interface by switching the optical active element based on nanoparticles of phase-change material is demonstrated. The concept of developing photonic integrated circuits proposed in this work is the cheapest of all known planar technologies of developing waveguide devices and allows realizing computing elements and architectures on its basis with a high degree of heterogeneous integration.

The paper presents the results of theoretical analysis of crystallization of GeTe and Ge2Sb2Te5 thin films under the influence of pulse laser radiation. The phase transformations and the fraction of the crystalline phase was estimated on basis of the change of the probe optical reflection coefficient from the film sample surface. The formalism based on the Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami theory was used to evaluate the kinetic behaviors of the phase transformation under the action of laser radiation. On the basis of experimental data of reflection changes during crystallization process of the researched materials, graphs were plotted and Avrami constants were determined. It is shown that GeTe exhibits a single step crystallization process associated with a high rate of nucleation and crystallite growth in all directions. The Ge2Sb2Te5 alloy is characterized by a two-step crystallization process with a change in the Avrami constant due to the influence of many factors such as the film geometry, sputtering characteristics, etc. Such type of crystallization is explained by the predominance of the high-stochastic nucleation.

Experimental results on the synthesis of nanoparticles of Ge2Sb2Te5 phase-change material by the direct laser-induced transfer method are presented. Thin films obtained by the thermal vacuum deposition were used as a donor material and silicon wafers as an acceptor. The laser-induced forward transfer was carried out using the sub-nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation. The morphology, topology, and size of the obtained nanoparticles were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Structural studies were performed by Raman scattering. A quasi-uniform distribution of nanoparticles on the substrate and a quasi-uniform size distribution were achieved. It was shown that it is possible to achieve a nanoparticle diameter of less than 100 nm. Raman spectra show that the nanoparticles obtained are in the crystalline state. The results show the possibility of creating an element based on nanoparticles with a specific distribution in size as a technological alternative to devices based on thin films. The use of nanoparticles will make it possible to achieve the energy efficiency, greater flexibility, and smoothness of switching as well as to realize neuromorphic and stochastic computation.

The paper presents the results of modelling the phase shift of a passing optical beam caused by the formation of a layered structure in a controllable cell made of the phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5 induced by the controlling influence of pulsed laser radiation of short and ultrashort duration. The crystallization of a thin film of Ge2Sb2Te5 is analyzed on the basis of the thermokinetic approach, taking into account the kinetic properties of the material, the energy and duration of the applied laser radiation, the amorphization of the upper layers of the film during rapid heating and the temperature dependence of the kinetic properties. Graphs of the thickness of the crystalline layer in the film material were plotted for each influencing pulsed radiation. From the data on the position of the crystalline layer, the phase shift of the transmitted optical radiation is calculated. Based on the modelling data of the investigated cell, a phase shifter can be constructed to transform an optical beam of arbitrary aperture. The proposed method of controlling the optical beam front by changing the structural state of a thin film can be very promising when accurate and fast tuning of the optical phase transparency is required.

As a result of the work performed, a method for synthesizing selenium nanoparticles stabilized with methylcellulose was developed and optimized. Selenious acid was used as a selenium-containing precursor, ascorbic acid as a reducing agent, and methylcellulose as a stabilizer. A multifactorial experiment was conducted to optimize the method for synthesizing selenium nanoparticles stabilized with methylcellulose. It was found that for the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles with the smallest average hydrodynamic radius, the molar concentration of selenious acid in the solution should be in the range from 0,0036 to 0,1033 mol/l, the mass of methylcellulose – from 3,0 to 3,985 g, the molar concentration of ascorbic acid – from 1,52 to 2,12 mol/l. It is shown that pH of the medium, charge and concentration of sodium and barium ions do not affect the average hydrodynamic radius of selenium nanoparticles stabilized with methylcellulose. However, when exposed to iron ions, the radius increases from 150 to 270 nm. It is established that an increase in the concentration and charge of anions has a significant effect on the average hydrodynamic radius of selenium nanoparticles stabilized with methylcellulose. With an increase in the concentration of chlorine ions from 0,1 to 1 mol/l, an increase in the average hydrodynamic radius of particles occurred from 143 to 156 nm, with an increase in the concentration of sulfate ions from 0,1 to 1 mol/l, an increase in the average hydrodynamic radius of particles – from 165 to 6129 nm, with an increase in the concentration of phosphate ions from 0,1 to 1 mol/l, an increase in the average hydrodynamic radius of particles – from 149 to 17000 nm.

The study focuses on comparing rates of self-efficacy, self-esteem, and humility in relation to levels of physical aggression, anger, hostility, and general aggressiveness. 2315 students (83% – female) from Russian universities were recruited for this study. The following methods were utilized: the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, R. Schwarzer's & M. Jerusalem's General Self-efficacy scale, S. Shwartz's Values Questionnaire (PVQ-R2). Data from the "Humility" scale was used. The results showed significant negative correlations between the mentioned variables. An increase of aggression rates is associated with a decrease in self-efficacy, self-esteem, and humility. It was also found that there was no relationship between the indicators of hostility and humility. It was shown that the indicators of self-efficacy, self-esteem and humility differ in the context of different types of aggression. It was found that students with low and medium levels of physical aggression are characterized by higher indicators of self-efficacy, self-esteem, and humility. A similar trend is relevant for the group with low level of anger. Students with low levels of hostility show higher scores of self-efficacy and self-esteem (but not humility). Students' self-esteem, humility, and self-efficacy also vary in the context of aggressiveness integral measure levels. The obtained results can be applied in the implementation of the Concept of development of the network of psychological services in educational organizations of higher education in the Russian Federation.

Antimicrobial-resistant-microorganism (AMRM)-infected or contaminated food that leads to livestock losses and disease/death in humans is estimated to put 31 million people at risk of food insecurity in Nigeria by the last quarter of 2024. This study aimed to explicate the roles of food-industry stakeholders/laboratorians in preventing food contamination and animal/human infection by AMRMs. The objectives were to determine what food/food system, food security, and stakeholders in the food industry are; investigate the occurrence of AMRM in food; and elucidate preventive measures to be implemented to avoid AMRM in food. A structured questionnaire was administered to stakeholders and baseline information from published literature/established international standards was used to achieve this purpose. The majority (88%) of the respondents were from the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Ilorin; all (100%) participants from the laboratories stated they knew the meaning of food security, while 56% of respondents that were ≤25 years old stated that AMRM could contaminate food. Only 52% of university-educated respondents agreed they were stakeholders in the food industry while 60% were veterinarians/medical practitioners. Reported contamination of food by AMRMs from harvest to consumption, especially in low/middle-income countries (LMICs) like Nigeria was by antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Proteus spp., Salmonella spp., and Clostridium spp. This was largely enhanced by the unrestricted use of antimicrobial agents in food animals, especially as growth promoters, leading to the production of unwholesome food, outbreaks of zoonoses, loss of livestock, and human diseases that were foodborne. Compulsory antimicrobial susceptibility tests should be done for isolates from food/food products to determine their suitability for use and the presence of AMRM. The diffusion method of antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) should strictly follow the International Standard Organization (ISO) protocol, which includes using pure colonies, overnight culture of 0.5 McFarland turbidity, and interpreting zones of inhibition using the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) recommended breakpoints. Only certified safe and wholesome food/food products should be passed to the public for consumption. Universities and researchers should carry out more extension work outside establishments’ walls to disseminate research results in food-AMRM.

According to the facial feedback hypothesis, disruption of the afferent connection from the facial muscles, which is a consequence of facial nerve damage, can reduce the emotional response or decrease its intensity, which is also confirmed by studies of patients who received botulinum toxin injections. The results of studies of emotion recognition in patients with facial nerve damage are contradictory and do not take into account other factors that may affect the recognition process. The aim of this study is to identify the features of emotion recognition by faces and the severity of emotional maladaptation symptoms in patients with facial nerve impairment. The study sample consisted of a control group of healthy respondents (N = 37) and a main group - 30 patients with facial nerve damage (neuropathy, hemifacial spasm, 80% of them with severity of damage of III-VI degree). To assess the severity of emotional maladjustment, the following scales were used: A. Leary's Fear of Negative Evaluation, A. Beck's Depression, and Situational Dissatisfaction with One's Appearance (SIBID); to assess the ability to understand and recognize emotions, the Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and N.S. Kurek's Method of Recognizing Emotions by Facial Expressions were used. Compared with the control group, patients with facial nerve damage had higher rates of alexithymia and were also worse at recognizing high intensity contempt. Compared with the control group, they had significantly higher rates of social anxiety (fear of negative evaluation) and depression. The obtained results allow us to draw preliminary conclusions that patients with facial nerve damage have a reduced ability to recognize emotions, which may be associated with both a disruption of efferent connections from the facial nerve and symptoms of emotional maladaptation.

Abstract. The experiment was conducted to assess the use of Abelomoschus esculentus leaves soaked for 24 hours as binders in the production of fish feed pellets. Physical properties and dietary effects of the diets were assessed. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the sinking rate (cm.sec-1) and bulk density (g/cm3) of experimental diets. There were significant differences (P0.05) in the mean final weight, mean weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and feed efficiency of experimental fish-feed experimental diets. Diet MWA had the lowest FCR, the highest FER and SGR. There was a significant difference (P

The corrosion inhibition performance of clindamycin for mild steel in 2.0 M H2SO4 has been studied using gravimetric and electrochemical methods. The results showed that the clindamycin inhibited mild steel corrosion in 2.0 M H2SO4 solution. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with an increase in the concentration of clindamycin and decrease with an increase in the temperature. The maximum inhibition efficiency was obtained at 303 K (91.1%). Potentiodynamic polarization results reveal that clindamycin is a cathodic-type corrosion inhibitor lower concentrations and an anodic-type corrosion inhibitor at higher concentrations. The experimental data fitted the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the adsorption of clindamycin was found to be spontaneous. The values of activation energy and Gibb’s free energy were found within the range of limits expected for the mechanism of physical adsorption.

Valve guides are crucial for maintaining proper alignment, positioning, and valve stem clearance as it moves in the cylinder head. Valve bushings are subjected to load and sliding friction; with excessive wear of the guides, the engine begins to consume oil and the valve mechanism becomes noisy. This paper proposes the use of a special knurling to restore and increase the wear resistance of guide bushings. The profile tool is designed to restore valve guides by rolling a spiral groove on the inner surface of the sleeve. After applying this technology, a spiral oil-retaining profile remains on the surface of the sleeve bore. . Using the Solid model, the effect of changing the geometry of the guide bore by the lubricating grooves on the maximum and average stress indices in the guide-valve contact was analyzed. It was found that the maximum stresses of the model with grooves are lower than those of the model with a smooth guide surface. Based on the finite element model, the durability of the valve-guide pair with oil-retaining grooves was analyzed and it was determined how many cycles the contact surface of the guide can withstand. It was established that by reducing the contact pressure, the actual resource of the guide with grooves increased.

Valve guides are crucial for maintaining the correct alignment, positioning, and clearance of the valve stem as it moves in the cylinder head. When the guides are heavily worn, the engine begins to consume oil and the valve mechanism becomes noisy. Reliable lubrication of the inner surface of the guide bushing ensures the wear resistance of the valve-guide pair. This work proposes a special tool and technology for obtaining an oil-retaining profile on the inner surface of the valve guide, which increases the oil capacity of the surface, and therefore improves the lubrication conditions in the valve-guide friction pair. A gas labyrinth seal is created in the connection, which prevents oil from entering the combustion chamber. The surface of the bushing bore is strengthened due to the sealing of the surface. The results of wear tests of guide bushings with spiral oil-retaining grooves confirmed their effectiveness in terms of wear resistance. The wear rate of the bushings with grooves for the entire time range of the tests is on average 20% less than the wear rate of the bushings without grooves

The paper studies the dependence of the magnetoresistance and Seebeck coefficient of the composite magnetoresistive composition near the percolation threshold of 80%La0,7Sr0,3MnO3/20%GeO2 on the constant magnetic field strength up to 3,8 kOe and temperature in the range from 25°C to 150°C. The 80%La0,7Sr0,3MnO3/20%GeO2 samples have the p-type conductivity, a the positive sign of the Seebeck coefficient and a dielectric character of the change in the electrical resistance with temperature. The activation energy of such compositions is of about 0,35 eV. The magnetoresistance of such a composition decreases with an increase in the temperature difference between the hot and cold edges and disappears in the region of the phase transition temperatures of 90°C. It was found that in a constant external magnetic field of 3,8 kOe, a decrease in the Seebeck coefficient of the 80%La0,7Sr0,3MnO3/20%GeO2 compositions by 11% is observed at a temperature difference of 10 K. The dependence of the Seebeck coefficient on the magnetic field decreases with an increase in the hot edge temperature and also disappears in the temperature range of 90°C, which is associated with the ferromagnetic-paramagnetic phase transition of lanthanum manganite La0,7Sr0,3MnO3 and the suppression of spin-dependent electron tunneling.

High-entropy alloys based on refractory metals, possessing an unusual combination of physical, mechanical, tribological, electrophysical, etc. properties, can be recommended for use in various fields of industry and medicine. The aim of the work is to study the growth process of high-entropy alloys films of the Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta-Hf-Cu system in real time by X-ray phase analysis using synchrotron radiation. Experiments on the deposition of multielement metal films were carried out on the VEIPS-1 setup developed at the Institute of high current electronics Siberian branch of the Russian academy of sciences for studying the processes of the film and coating formation on a synchrotron radiation source. The process of in situ thin film structure formation with high time resolution was studied using a synchrotron radiation source – the VEPP-3 electron storage ring, the Institute of nuclear physics, Siberian branch of the Russian academy of sciences. It is shown that the deposition of Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta-Hf-Cu plasma on a HG40 substrate is accompanied by the formation of an amorphous-crystalline state represented by phases of the composition (presumably) Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta-Hf-Cu, TiZr, NbZr, and CuTiZr, formed at different stages of film deposition. The main phase is the Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta-Hf-Cu composition.

The article discusses the possibility of obtaining functional composite materials with pronounced photocatalytic properties. A hybrid composite material based on nanoscale cadmium sulfide fixed on a matrix of hydroxyapatite obtained by precipitation from solution has been developed. The initial components and synthesized samples were certified using some modern physico-chemical analysis methods: X-ray phase analysis, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. The functional characteristics of the developed composite material Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2-CdS, in particular, the photocatalytic activity under the action of ultraviolet or visible radiation, are investigated. The efficiency of using the developed composite material as a photocatalyst was evaluated by the rate of oxidation of p-dihydroxybenzene (hydroquinone). Based on experimental data obtained, the values of the constants of the reaction rate of photocatalytic oxidation of hydroquinone and the time of its half-conversion under various conditions (radiation, the presence of a catalyst) are calculated. It is proved that the developed composite material, which is a hydroxyapatite modified with colloidal CdS particles, has pronounced catalytic properties and is a promising material for use as a photocatalyst. A patent application has been filed for the developed composite material.

In this work, ceramic samples based on lutetium-aluminum garnet doped with erbium (content 1 at.%) were manufactured. In the manufacture of ceramic material, the chemical precipitation method was chosen. The influence of two types of sintering additives, MgO and CaO, on the microstructure and optical properties of ceramic samples obtained at vacuum sintering temperatures of 1800, 1850, 1875°C was studied. The article discusses in detail how the microstructure and optical transmission of ceramics with sintering additives MgO and CaO change at different vacuum sintering temperatures. It was found that magnesium oxide allows to achieve a higher optical transparency of ceramics (about 80%), while calcium oxide more effectively inhibits the grain growth. An increase in the sintering temperature for samples with MgO from 1800 to 1850°C contributed to an increase in the light transmission of samples from 10 to 80% and an increase in grain size from 1,80 to 3,03 microns. Earlier no such a phenomenon was not observed for samples with CaO, samples obtained at sintering temperatures of 1850 and 1875°C had approximately the same microstructure, containing some residual microporosity.

LiNbO3:Cu (0,005 wt.%), LiNbO3:Cu (0,015 wt.%), LiNbO3:Cu (0,022 wt.%), LiNbO3:Cu (0,042 wt.%), LiNbO3:Cu (0,46 wt.%) crystals were studied by IR absorption spectroscopy in the region of stretching vibrations of OH–-groups. These crystals were grown by the Czochralski method using the technology of direct doping of a charge of congruent composition. It has been established that the recorded absorption bands in the infrared spectrum in the frequency range 3469-3490 cm-1 are associated with a deviation in the composition of the LiNbO3:Cu crystal from the stoichiometric one. Such changes occur due to a deficiency of Li+ cations in the crystal structure. The incorporation of Cu2+ dopant leads to disordering of the cation sublattice and noticeable deformation of oxygen octahedra. This occurs due to an increase in the O–O bond lengths. In this case, a new absorption band with a frequency of 3487 cm-1, corresponding to the VLi-OH complex defect, is recorded in the IR spectrum. Calculation of the volume concentration of OH–– groups showed the highest value for crystals of LiNbO3:Cu (0,005 wt.%), LiNbO3:Cu (0,015 wt.%), LiNbO3:Cu (0,022 wt.%). These changes occur due to the simultaneous formation of two types of complex defects in the crystal structure: Cu+-OH-Cu3- and VLi-OH. A change in the mechanism of entry of a doping impurity into the structure of a LiNbO3:Cu crystal (0,042 wt.%) leads to a decrease in the concentration of OH–– groups.

Electrical, structural and magnetoresistive properties of ceramic composites with different mass ratios of components were synthesized and studied: (Cu2O+CuO)x/(La0,7Sr0,3MnO3)1-x (x = 0,17; 0,22; 0,33; 0,43; 0,48; 0,53; 0,58; 0,63; 0,68; 0,72; 0,77; 0,82; 0,86; 0,91; 0,99), and Agy/(La0,7Sr0,3MnO3)1-y (y = 0; 0,02; 0,06; 0,08; 0,10; 0,12; 0,25; 0,50). The composites with copper oxides were synthesized using an original technology for sample preparation using dispersed copper and a pre-prepared ferromagnetic oxide with the perovskite structure La0,7Sr0,3MnO3. Pressed mixtures with a copper content of less than 45% by weight were annealed at a temperature of 1050°C. At higher copper contents, annealing was performed at 1000°C. The compositions with silver nanoparticles were prepared by reduction from silver nitrate. The composites were synthesized using an original technology for sample preparation using dispersed copper and La0,7Sr0,3MnO3 manganite with annealing at 1000-1050°C. It was shown that the synthesized composites with a mass ratio of components (Cu2O+CuO)0,43/(La0,7Sr0,3MnO3)0,57 exhibit the highest magnetoresistance values of about 7% in a constant magnetic field of 14 kOe at room temperature. The maximum magnetoresistance correlates with a special region of change in the dependence of electrical resistance on the component ratio in these compositions. In the Ag0,08/(LSMO)0,92 composition, the magnetoresistance values reach 5,5%.

The results of our research of the surface of steel disks before and after friction are presented. Problems of the friction couple contact area estimation were under consideration. The results of searching a universal criterion of the friction couple contact area quantitative estimation are discussed. Using optical and scanning tunneling microscopy allows studying the surface profile at the micro- and nanoscales. An approach for determination of the contact area between bodies is proposed on the basis of the fractals theory. Such an approach allows to describe the heat transfer between bodies (conductive at contacts and radiant in pores heat exchange), to define the dependence of the friction force on the applied external force. The offered technique for the quantitative estimation of the surface structure at the micro- and nanoscales by means of the fractal theory will allow improving the accuracy of the spacecrafts thermal modes calculation as well as parameters of the knots of friction in them. This, in turn, will positively affect reliability and durability of the future spacecrafts. Improvement of methods in our further work will be aimed at studying tribological properties of the robotic products under the influence of the space factors and validation of the numerical modeling of the friction and heat exchange between mobile knots using results of experiments.

The main objective of the study was to find the size limit at which silver nanoclusters with different initial morphology spontaneously change their structure to the fcc structure inherent to the bulk silver. For this purpose, we have examined the data of high-resolution electron microscopy of the initial and annealed silver nanoparticles formed on a carbon substrate by vacuum-thermal evaporation. It was found that as a result of annealing, the number of small nanoparticles (D

Binary nanoparticles of the copper-silver alloy of are of great practical interest due to the possibility of fine-tuning their physical and chemical properties by changing the composition, size, shape and structure of nanoparticles. The processes of formation of the internal structure of Ag-Cu nanoparticles with a diameter from 2.0 to 8.0 nm during their crystallization with three different rates of thermal energy dissipation were studied by the molecular dynamics method. The features of this process were found to be dependent on the target chemical composition of nanoparticles, their size and the intensity of the thermal energy dissipation. The actual appearance and structure of the studied nanoparticles were determined using OVITO and xmakemol visualizers. It was shown that as a result of crystallization from the melt of binary Ag-Cu nanoparticles, metastable states that are sufficiently stable at room temperature (300 K), and the stability of such states after annealing at a temperature of 600 K is also evaluated.

The paper confirms the possibility of electrical stimulation of plasticity, previously discovered in ultrafine-grained titanium. The regimes of pulsed current during tension have been experimentally determined, which make it possible to significantly increase the elongation to failure in commercially pure coarse-grained titanium Grade 4. It is shown that the introduction of single current pulses with an amplitude density of 300-400 A/mm2 with a variable duration from 100 to 1000 μs and a duty cycle from 1000 to 10000 during tension helps to reduce the ultimate tensile strength from 845 to 750 MPa and simultaneously increase the elongation from 10 to 21%. Structural studies using optical microscopy have shown that tension accompanied current does not affect the average grain size, but leads to reducing large particles and a partial dissolution of small inclusions. The results of structural studies, temperature measurements and features of deformation behavior when the current is turned off confirm the predominantly athermal nature of the increase in plasticity.

Dye-sensitized solar cells and perovskite solar cells can operate under conditions of low and diffuse solar radiation. This makes them promising candidates for replacing the silicon-based photoconverters which dominate at the market. The efficiency of such devices is largely determined by the morphology of electron-conducting photoelectrodes. One of the strategies for increasing it is the embedding of Ag and Au nanoparticles into the photoelectrode layer. Due to the phenomenon of the surface plasmon resonance, they enhance the scattering of the supplied light and affect the mechanism of electron transfer to the conduction band of the semiconductor. This leads to an increase in the electric current generated by the solar cell. The present work examines the influence of a number of parameters of embedded nanoparticles on the efficiency of photoconverters, such as size, shape and dielectric environment. It is shown that the use of bimetallic compounds Ag-Au, Ag-Cu and heterogeneous structures of various types allows achieving a higher efficiency of solar cells compared to devices modified with monometallic nanoparticles.

Experimental results on the silicon wafers irradiation by a low-frequency giant nanosecond pulses neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum garnet laser with a wavelength of 1,064 μm are presented. The pulse duration at the half-height was 170 ns, and the pulse repetition frequency was 2 Hz. The experiments were carried out for the cases of silicon wafers placements in air and in bidistilled water. For the case of irradiation in air, a nanostructured region with a uniform distribution of particles was succeeded to form on the surface of the silicon wafer. The exposure time was 2 minutes, which corresponded to 240 laser pulses. In this case, the particles were formed mainly from silicon dioxide as a result of the thermal oxidation during ablation in air. When the exposure time was doubled, this effect was not achieved, and destruction areas of wafer were formed. For the case of irradiation in bidistilled water within two and four minutes, the mechanical and thermal destructions prevail on the surface of the silicon wafer, which manifest themselves in cracking along the edges of the crystal structure and in the form of the surface solidified melted regions.

Type II ZnO/Zn2SnO4 heterostructure was considered for gas sensor applications. ZnO nanorods surrounded by a Zn2SnO4 shell were grown on the surface of BI2 substrate with sputtered electrical contacts (sensor plat-form) by the hydrothermal synthesis method. Gas-sensitive properties were investigated on different gas analytes (isopropanol, ethanol, and acetone) using a combined laboratory setup allowing for resistivity response and electrical impedance spectroscopy measurements. At an operating temperature of 150°C, the sample showed optimum sensitivity to acetone (1000 ppm) and the Ra/Rg ratio reached a value of 11. The variation of the impedance plot based on the results of measurements in the presence of acetone vapors at an operating temperature of 200°C shows consistent changes. This operating temperature showed a clearer optimization compared to other studies where the sensor operating temperature ranged from 300 to 450°C. In addition, the energy band diagram of the ZnO/Zn2SnO4 heterostructure was presented and the acetone detection mechanism was discussed. The structure of the ZnO/Zn2SnO4 nanorods causes an improved response due to the chemisorption of oxygen on the surface of the Zn2SnO4 shells.

Prospects for successful use of fullerenes in biology and medicine relate to the possibility of obtaining their non-toxic hydrophilic derivatives, which are able to participate in the metabolism occurring in a living organism. An effective solution to this problem is associated with creation of water-soluble molecular complexes, in which the fullerene molecule is enclosed in a larger water-soluble capsule. A new method for producing colloidal suspensions and aqueous dispersions of fullerenes based on vegetable oil and polyvinyl alcohol by ultrasonic dispersion in an Elmasonic S10H chamber has been proposed. Transmission spectra of the synthesized samples were recorded on a UNICO 2100 spectrophotometer. The hydrodynamic radius of particles was measured on a Photocor Compact-Z particle size analyzer. To create theoretical models, as well as carry out quantum chemical calculations, the 3D modeling program ArgusLab 4.0.1 was used. The structures of hydrogel films of fullerene dispersions were studied by scanning electron microscopy (MIRA-LMH microscope from Tescan).

The catalytic properties of FeSO4, nanocluster iron-molybdenum polyoxometalate {Mo72Fe30} and nanoscale metallic silver in the liquid-phase oxidation of the ethylene glycol aqueous solutions by hydrogen peroxide were studied. O-phenylenediamine was added to the reaction mixtures obtained after oxidation to determine the oxidation products containing the aldehyde group. The polyoxometalate {Mo72Fe30} was synthesized by a well-known and widely used in practice two-step method. The colloidal silver solution was obtained using a technique based on the Turkevich method. According to the analysis carried out on a laser particle size analyzer, the majority of the silver particles have a size of about 2 nm. The analysis of unreacted ethylene glycol was carried out by GC-FID. According to the conversion of ethylene glycol, nanoscale metallic silver was found to have the highest activity at approximately the same percentage of catalysts in the initial reaction mixture. At the same time, with the addition of o-phenylenediamine, the presence of compounds with an aldehyde group, whose exit time from the chromatographic column is longer than that of the initial ethylene glycol, was noted among the oxidation products.

In this work, samples of mixed nanoscale iron oxide stabilized with amylopectin were obtained by chemical precipitation in an aqueous medium. This compound has a wide range of applications in biomedical technologies, energy storage and conversion devices due to its supermagnetic properties. The microstructure was studied by scanning electron microscopy and the phase composition by diffractometric method, as well as by computer quantum chemical modeling of the interaction of amylopectin and mixed nanoscale iron oxide. During the study of the phase composition, it was found that the sample is a mixed iron oxide Fe3O4 with a cubic face-centered lattice and a spatial group Fd3m. Based on the analysis of the microstructure, it was found that the sample is formed from particles with a diameter of 24 to 54 nm.As a result of computer quantum chemical modeling, it was found that the interaction of iron oxide nanoparticles with amylopectin is energetically advantageous and chemically stable. The most likely interaction is through a hydroxyl group attached to the C2 first A-bound glucopyranose residue, since optimal values of total energy (E = -3839.330 kcal/mol) and chemical hardness (η = 0.159 eV) are observed during this interaction.

In the course of the work, samples of ceramic powders of yttrium-aluminum garnet doped with ruthenium ions were obtained. The introduced amount of ruthenium was 5 and 10 wt.%, respectively. The annealing temperatures were 1150 and 1600°C. In the course of the work, changes in the morphology of ceramic powders of yttrium-aluminum garnet doped with ruthenium ions were considered using scanning electron microscopy. The elemental composition was studied using energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The phase composition was investigated by X-ray phase analysis. The specific surface area of the ceramic powder was estimated using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. For the obtained samples, an increase in the specific surface area of the ceramic powder with a decrease in the quantitative content of ruthenium in the system was revealed. The presence of impurity phases was established for all samples. It was found that increasing the calcination temperature to 1600°C led to a decrease in the quantitative content of impurity phases, but did not lead to their complete elimination. The sample with the closest to a single-phase composition was obtained with a ruthenium content of no more than 5 wt.% in the material. The results obtained using differential thermal analysis showed that the ruthenium content in the amounts used does not affect the kinetics of phase transitions, as well as the kinetics of mass loss of the precursor powders.

The use of proteins to create the targeted drug delivery systems is a promising approach in medicine and has many advantages. The formation of hybrid drug carriers based on proteins and polyoxometalates has a number of additional benefits. Polyoxometalates are able to bind both proteins and molecules of certain drugs to obtain water-soluble products without the use of toxic reagents and organic solvents. The regulation of the experimental conditions allows to control the size of the particles formed in solution. The gradual destruction of polyoxometalate {Mo72Fe30} at blood pH provides a pH-dependent mechanism for drug release from the carrier structure. In our research, we obtained bovine serum albumin associated with coordination complexes {Mo72Fe30}-doxorubicin and {Mo72Fe30}-tetracycline in aqueous solution. A decrease in the rate of the drug release in a phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.4 (blood pH) from the obtained materials compared to systems not containing albumin was observed. The data obtained in this study shed light on the formation patterns of multicomponent supramolecular systems, consisting of polyoxometalates, proteins, and drugs. The results indicate the possibility of creating hybrid carriers for targeted drug delivery based on polyoxometalates and albumin using non-covalent binding.

Dear Me Beauty merupakan perusahaan yang fokus di bidang kecantikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh co-branding, influencer marketing, dan E-WOM terhadap purchase interest calon konsumen Dear Me Beauty x Sasa di Kota Denpasar. Populasi penelitian ini meliputi calon konsumen yang berdomisili di Kota Denpasar dengan jumlah sampel 130 responden. Metode penentuan sampel yang digunakan adalah non-probability sampling dengan Teknik purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data dengan metode survei dan menyebarkan kuesioner secara offline dengan skala Likert lima poin. Alat analisis data menggunakan aplikasi SPSS versi 26. Hasil penelitian co-branding berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap purchase interest, influencer marketing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap purchase interest, E-WOM berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap purchase interest, serta co-branding, influencer marketing, dan E-WOM secara bersama – sama mempengaruhi purchase interest. Secara teoretis, penelitian ini memberikan manfaat mengenai perilaku konsumen, yaitu semakin unik dan semakin baik reputrasi brand yang berkolaborasi dapat meningkatkan purchase interest konsumen. Implikasi praktis sebagai bahan pertimbangan bagi perusahaan Dear Me Beauty dalam memberikan kualitas produk yang baik kepada pelanggannya. Dear Me Beauty is a company that focuses on the beauty sector. This research aims to analyze the influence of co-branding, influencer marketing, and E-WOM on the purchase interest of potential Dear Me Beauty x Sasa consumers in Denpasar City. The population of this research includes potential consumers who live in Denpasar City with a sample size of 130 respondents. The sampling method used was non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. Data collection method using survey method and distributing questionnaires offline with a five-point Likert scale. The data analysis tool uses the SPSS version 26 application. The research results show that co-branding has a positive and significant effect on purchase interest, influencer marketing has a positive and significant effect on purchase interest, E-WOM has a positive and significant effect on purchase interest, and co-branding, influencer marketing, and E-WOM together influence purchase interest. Theoretically, this research provides benefits regarding consumer behavior, namely that the more unique and better the reputation of the collaborating brand, the more it can increase consumer purchase interest. Practical implications as consideration for the Dear Me Beauty company in providing good quality products to its customers.

The article examines the role of initial pedagogical beliefs held by students in teacher training programs as they begin to engage with pedagogical education curricula. It highlights the significance of school experiences in shaping these beliefs. The article analyzes the reasons for their sustainability during the subsequent acquisition of the educational program by future educators at the university level. The author argues for the necessity of designing teacher training programs in the form of a sequential and specially organized transformation of initial pedagogical beliefs, aimed at fostering conceptual change and developing the practical thinking of future educators.

Abnormalities in heart rate variability (HRV) may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease over the next six years from 4 to 10 %. It is reported that the probability of stroke or cardiac death can be immediately reduced by chronobiologically assessing HRV and optimizing timed treatment efficacy. Physiological cardiovascular activities are under the control of the cardiac autonomic nervous system. Damage to the autonomic nerves results in dysfunction in heart rate control and vascular dynamics, particularly in cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN). Autonomic imbalance in the sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous systems (PSNS) regulation of cardiovascular function contributes to metabolic abnormalities and significant morbidity and mortality for individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). Misalignment of circadian rhythms has been evidenced in patients with DM, and there is a close relationship between alterations in neuroendocrine sleep architecture, circadian clock oscillations, glucose metabolism, autonomic function, and diurnal profiles of blood pressure and heart rate. Metabolic syndrome, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and DM are characterized by increased SNS activity and decreased PSNS activity. However, type 2 DM patients had a decrease in both PSNS and SNS activity. It can be explained by type 2 DM, which is a metabolic disease responsible for CAN that affects both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers. The purpose of this review was to discuss the current state of the problem of the relationship between DM and circadian rhythm disorders, HRV. Particular attention is paid to the risk factors of diabetic CAN; insights into the mechanisms of excess mortality associated with CAN; the pathogenesis of diabetic CAN; possible pathogenic pathways binding CAN and atherosclerosis progression; genetic and epigenetic factors and CAN; DM and circadian rhythms of HRV; diabetic CAN and circadian rhythm disorders. The search was conducted in Scopus, Science Direct (from Else­vier), and PubMed, including MEDLINE databases. The keywords used were diabetes mellitus, cardiac autonomic neuropathy, circadian rhythms, heart rate variability. A manual search of the bibliography of publications was used to identify study results that could not be found during the online search.

Background. The relevance of finding optimal methods for treatment of people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) who had coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is due to the fact that these conditions have a number of common pathogenetic mechanisms that cause complications of both diseases. The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of antidiabetic therapy using sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on serum level of cardiovascular markers, ST2 peptide and homocysteine, in patients with T2DM in the post-COVID period compared to standard therapy (metformin/sulfonylurea derivatives). Materials and methods. Forty-three T2DM patients aged 44–85 were examined during the acute period of COVID-19 and nine months after recovery. Group 1 (n = 25) received treatment with SGLT2i in addition to metformin; group 2 (n = 18) continued taking a combination of metformin and sulfonylurea derivatives. Group 3 (control) consisted of 32 people without an impaired carbohydrate metabolism who have had COVID-19. The follow-up period was 9–12 months after recovery from COVID-19. Results. In 9 months of treatment, a significant decrease was noted in serum level of homocysteine, which was elevated in the acute period of COVID-19 and reached normal values: in group 1, from 16.8 to 9.9; in group 2, from 14.4 to 10.1 μmol/l; p 0.05). Conclusions. The results obtained confirm the positive effect of taking SGLT2i on the level of cardiovascular risk markers in patients with T2DM who had received gliflozin therapy for 9 months after recovery from COVID-19, in contrast to the group of patients who received metformin/sulfonylurea derivatives.

Prumna primnoa (Motschulsky, 1846) is the species of the acridid subfamily Melanoplinae. Te species is widely distributed across the temperate Asia and sometimes can damage diferent crops. Te goals of this article are to characterize the actual distribution of the species, to generate species distribution models for the contemporary and future conditions and to estimate possible shifts in its distribution patterns. Te modern range of the grasshopper P. primnoa is characterized by the data on its known localities. Te species distribution models are generated on the basis of two approaches, namely the maximum entropy and the multidimensional ellipsoid envelope, and the set of bioclimatic variables. Tese models, especially the maximum entropy one, describe well the contemporary distribution of P. primnoa. Te predictive contributions of bioclimatic variables and their signifcances were estimated. Te hypothesis that as a result of global warming the areas of suitable conditions for the species will noticeably decline is proposed. In the future, the potential harmfulness of P. primnoa may be revealed in the agricultural landscapes of the Lower Amur region and Sakhalin Island, however, the general trend of possible shifts in the species distribution, namely decreasing of habitats, probably, number and abundance of local populations, may be evident for the main parts of the species range.

The article examines one of the aspects of fuzzy emotivity — discursive emotivity. Fuzzy emotivity is an attempt to systematize those cases of communicative realization of emotivity that do not lend themselves to the three-part classification of emotives into affectives, connotatives and potentiatives. Discursivity is one of the obligatory characteristics of emotivity, since the evaluative sign and the semantic component of a word directly depends on the context, the communicative situation of actualization, horizontal and vertical "neighborhood" with other semiotic formations. Recently, the problems of urban or urban discourse have attracted the active attention of researchers, while the aspect of urban emotions or the emotions of the city has not become the subject of separate research. The choice of the research material (multimodal texts of advertising campaigns) made it possible to identify the key characteristics of the image of desired urban emotions, which contradicts the available sociolinguistic research on the emotional tonality of life in the city. The campaigns of suburban cottage settlements were also considered, in which the "secret" side of life in the city is objectified, problematic points of urban life are revealed. It is shown that urban emotions can be real and simulated when objective reality is replaced by emotive simulacra that affect the emotional sphere, i.e. have a manipulative effect on the recipient.

Louse fies from the genus Ornithomya Latreille, 1802 (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) inhabit mainly the middle latitudes of the Old World. Te fauna of this genus is fairly extensive. Despite the continued interest of researchers in this group, the knowledge of the fauna of this genus in Russia remains insufcient. A new species of the genus Ornithomya, O. nazarovi Yatsuk, Matyukhin et Nartshuk, sp. n., is described from Simushir Island (Sakhalin Region of Russia). Te new species difers from other Ornithomya species inhabiting Russia and Japan in its combined length of head and thorax, length of the wings, number and morphology of setae on the scutellum, arrangement of microtrichia on the wings and colour of the dorsal and ventral sides of the thorax.

The significance of the research outlined here lies in the challenge of selecting partner companies under tight timeframes and with limited access to comprehensive data, particularly concerning a wide range of ethics and sustainability issues. This study aims to address this challenge by developing a model for the automated processing and analysis of textual information concerning groups of companies, particularly within the context of the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) concept. The study incorporates methods for automatically extracting topics from textual data, utilizing machine learning techniques, conducting multi-criteria ranking, and employing both comparative and expert analyses of the results. To conduct our experiments, we compiled a dataset comprising over 1200 reports from leading Russian companies spanning the years 2019 to 2022. Additionally, we leveraged news articles posted on the FORBES-Russia website. As a result of our work, we have developed a model and methodology for analyzing textual information about groups of companies, facilitating their ranking. The analysis of the obtained results, both qualitatively and quantitatively, demonstrates their non-random and justified nature.The study showcases the efficacy of the proposed model in selecting companies through the ranking of a limited set of candidates based on accessible textual information. The insights from this research are valuable not only for rating agencies but also for companies seeking to conduct their own analysis when choosing partners.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to assess the effects of prepartum administration of anti-inflammatory therapies on BCS, BHB concentration, haptoglobin (HP) concentration, milk yield, milk components, rumination time, clinical health events, and reproductive performance in Holstein dairy cows. At 14 d before the expected calving date, cows (parous [PAR]; n = 170) and heifers (nulliparous [NUL]; n = 63) were blocked by BCS group (optimal [OPT] = 3–3.5; over-conditioned cows [OVERC; BCS ≥3.75 points]) and parity (NUL; PAR) and randomly allocated to 1 of 3 treatment groups: (1) ASA (n = 78): receive one oral administration of acetylsalicylic acid (4 boluses; 480 grain/bolus); (2) MEL (n = 76): receive one oral administration with meloxicam (1 mg/kg BW), or (3) PLC (n = 77): receive one oral treatment with gelatin capsules filled with water. Body condition score was assessed, and blood samples were collected, weekly starting 1 wk before treatment until 3 wk after calving. Daily milk yields and daily rumination times were collected from on-farm computer records. Dairy Herd Improvement Association monthly test data were collected to assess milk yield, SCC, and milk components. Furthermore, health events, culling rate, and reproductive performance data were collected from on-farm computer records. The data were analyzed using MIXED, GLIMMIX, and LIFETEST procedures of SAS as a randomized complete block design. On average, MEL-NUL cows produced 4.77 ± 0.93 kg/d and 4.81 ± 0.92 kg/d more milk from wk 6 to 21 of lactation compared with ASA-NUL and PLC-NUL cows, respectively. Similarly, a week by treatment by body condition group interaction was present, where OVERC cows treated with MEL produced more milk from wk 10 to 15 of lactation compared with ASA-OVERC and PLC-VERC cows. Parous cows treated with ASA had lower BCS compared with PAR cows treated with MEL or PLC. A lower percentage of OVERC cows treated with ASA became sick in the first 60 DIM compared with MEL-OVERC and PLC-OVERC cows (ASA = 23.88% ± 7.26%, MEL = 46.36% ± 8.57%; PLC = 46.74% ± 8.53%). Parous cows treated with ASA had a higher hazard ratio to become pregnant by 300 DIM compared with PAR MEL cows. Although the study was not sized for finding treatment differences in blocking criteria groups, these results suggest that treatment with prepartum anti-inflammatory therapies may have positive effects on milk yield and postpartum health in specific groups of cows, such as NUL and OVERC cows, although it may not be recommended for other animal categories, such as parous cows and cows with optimal BCS. Larger studies are needed to strengthen the associations observed in this study.

Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin, cobalamin) is an essential cofactor in two important biochemical pathways: methylmalonic acid metabolism and methionine synthesis from homocysteine. In addition to hematologic abnormalities (megaloblastic anemia or even pancytopenia), cobalamin deficiency can cause neurologic symptoms similar to diabetic neuropathy (DN). The underlying molecular mechanisms of DN are still unclear. Most studies have identified the contribution of low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI) and oxidative stress (OS) to the development of DN. Immunohistochemical studies of calf muscle nerve biopsies obtained from patients with diabetes mellitus and DN indicate activation of the LGCI pathway caused by increased levels of advanced glycation end products, which leads to increased OS. Similar results were found in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency. Thus, clinical changes in patients with DN may be caused by cellular cobalamin deficiency. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that vitamin B12 has intrinsic antioxidant activity. Thus, cobalamin, regardless of its classical function as a cofactor, can act as an intracellular, in particular intramitochondrial, antioxidant. This may serve as a rationale for the use of vitamin B12 in the treatment of DN, even in the early subclinical stages. The purpose of this review was to discuss the role of vitamin B12 in the prevention and treatment of DN, as well as to analyze new trends and directions for future research. The search was conducted in Scopus, Science Direct (from Elsevier) and PubMed, including MEDLINE databases. The keywords used were vitamin B12, cobalamin, diabetes mellitus, neuropathy, cardiac autonomic neuropathy. A manual search of the bibliography of publications was used to identify study results that could not be found during the online search.

The work is aimed at studying the formation of language reflection and the peculiarities of awareness of the language norm by speech therapy students as an indicator of their readiness to work with children with disabilities. The research materials obtained from a sample of first-year students of the Faculty of Defectology of the Moscow State University (N=450; EG=100) are presented. The study was conducted in 2 stages, including the analysis of video recordings of samples of spontaneous speech and reading texts of varying complexity. The results obtained show the insufficient formation of language reflection and the difficulty of understanding the language norm by future speech therapists. The influence of the complexity of the text on the number and prevalence of errors in the reading test has been determined (with a significance of p

Physical simulations of single-pass welding on lean duplex stainless steel (LDSS) 2404 were performed to obtain heat-affected zones (HAZs) at different cooling rates (200–1 °C/s) to evaluate the effects on microstructure changes and corrosion resistance. The findings showed that fast cooling rates resulted in insufficient austenite formation. The austenite mainly consisted of grain boundary austenite (GBA), Widmanstätten austenite (WA), and intragranular austenite (IGA). For the highest cooling rate, there was a remarkable precipitation of high-temperature Cr nitrides (Cr2N) and a high degree of sensitization (14.90%), significantly impairing the corrosion resistance. The influence of these Cr2N on LDSS 2404 was shown to be influenced by their amount, distribution, the region where precipitation occurred (α/α boundaries and α/γ interfaces), and the cooling rates applied.

The electrochemical behavior and wear characteristics of a Ti30Nb3Ag (at%) alloy processed with powder metallurgy were investigated for bioimplant applications. A linear reciprocating tribometer was used to assess the tribological properties. Advanced scanning electrochemical microscopic testing was used to investigate the passivation properties and subsequent corrosion protection of the processed Ti30Nb3Ag alloy in a simulated body fluid. Cyclic potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests were performed in both potentio-static and potentiodynamic modes. The results showed that the microstructure of the sintered Ti30Nb3Ag alloy has three phases: β-Ti (BCC), α -Ti (HCP), and Ti2Ag phase. In comparison to commercial pure Ti and Ti6Al4V alloy, the Ti30Nb3Ag alloy exhibited an enhancement in wear resistance of 86% and 36%, respectively. The microelectrochemical corrosion results confirmed the Ti30Nb3Ag alloy's superior localized corrosion-resistant performance by forming an effective passive layer on the surface, pointedly, Rct value of Ti30Nb3Ag alloy exhibited 160% improvement compared to that of Ti6Al4V alloy after 24 h of exposure. In comparison to the Ti6Al4V alloy, the Ti30Nb3Ag alloy exhibited enhanced corrosion resistance, increased hardness, and reduced wear rates, indicating a competitive advantage in biomedical applications.

In normotypic children 4-7 years old and their peers with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), an electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded in situations of observation of imaginary and real actions of the experimenter, as well as when the action was repeated by children. The relevance of the study is due to the assumption of a violation in children with ASD of the functioning of the so-called mirror neuron system (MNS). In both groups of children in these situations, desynchronization of EEG power was detected in individually defined mu-rhythm ranges in the central, frontal and parietal locus, which indicates the activation of MNS. At the same time, in children with ASD in all experimental situations, there was a greater desynchronization of the mu-rhythm in the areas of the lower frontal gyri of the left and right hemispheres (locus F7 and F8), compared with normotypic children. However, in the central locus of the right hemisphere (C4 locus), under the conditions of observation of a real action in children with ASD, there is significantly less desynchronization of the mu-rhythm compared to the norm group, which is probably due to less activation of MNS when perceiving the purposeful actions of another person. The results obtained are important for understanding social behavior disorders in children with ASD and developing methods for their correction.

Objective. To analyze the dynamics of pain syndrome, quality of life and functional status of patients with unstable atlas fractures after C1-ring osteosynthesis. Material and Methods. Study design: observational retrospective case series study (n = 15). The intensity of pain syndrome was assessed using the VAS scale before surgery, 3 days, and 3 and 6 months after surgery. The quality of life was assessed using the Neck Disability Index (NDI) before surgery, and 3 and 6 months after surgery. Functional status, as well as cervical spine range of motion (head turn left/right, flexion/ex- tension) was assessed 3 and 6 months after surgery. The integrity of the atlas bone ring and the degree of fusion after fixation were assessed us- ing axial CT scans; and the lateral mass separation was assessed using frontal CT scans. The criterion for transverse ligament injury was a sepa- ration of lateral masses of more than 8.1 mm. Results. All patients had C1 fractures type 3B according to Gehweiler, out of them 7 patients (46.7 %) had traumatic injury to the atlas trans- verse ligament according to Dickman type 1, and 8 patients (53.3 according to Dickman type 2. The average age of patients was 40 years (12; 71), the male/female ratio was 2/1. In 7 patients (46.7 %), the cause of injury was diving, in 6 (40.0 %) it was a traffic accident, and in 2 (13.3%) – a fall from a standing height. Observation of patients revealed a positive dynamics in the form of statistically significant regression of pain ac- cording to VAS before and 6 months after surgery from 6.8 (6.0; 8.0) to 1.0 (1.0; 0.0) points (Z = -3.434; p = 0.001). A positive trend was also noted in the form of a decrease in NDI scores and an improvement in the quality of life after 3 (Z = -3.411; p = 0.001) and 6 months after sur- gery (Z = -3.410; p = 0.001). The range of motion (turn left/right, flexion/extension) increased statistically significantly by the 6th month after C1-ring osteosynthesis, and its indicators were close to physiological ones. Postoperative CT scans showed positive dynamics in the form of statistically significant regression of the lateral mass separation from 10.4 mm (8.9; 11.4) to 2.2 mm (1.8; 2.6); Z = -3.408; p = 0.001. Com- plete fusion of the atlas fracture was observed after 12.5 months (8.5; 16.5). Conclusion. Isolated posterior osteosynthesis of the atlas ring for Gehweiler type 3B injury using a repositioning compression maneuver under distraction conditions is physiologically justified. It is a reliable method of stabilization, ensures the restoration of congruence and the entire range of motion in the atlanto-occipital and atlantoaxial joints and stability of the occipital-atlantoaxial complex. This operation contributes to a considerable and long-term reduction in the intensity of pain syndrome and a significant improvement in the quality of life.

Актуальность. Разработка гибридных протезов нового поколения призвана улучшить результаты хирургического лечения комбинированных поражений дуги и нисходящего отдела аорты. Цель. Оценка биосовместимости нового браншированного гибридного стент-графта. Методы. Разработанный гибридный стент-графт состоит из двух частей: сосудистой части и стент-графтовой части с дополнительной стентированной браншей для реконструкции левой подключичной артерии. Для оценки биологической совместимости имплантировали стент-графт 25 крупным свиньям в позицию нисходящего грудного отдела аорты. Оценивали операционную смертность, послеоперационные осложнения, результаты селективной ангиографии аорты и гистологического исследования через 6 мес. Результаты. Имплантация гибридного стент-графта во всех случаях прошла успешно, без осложнений. В раннем периоде погибли 3 животных, причинами смерти стали дыхательная недостаточность из-за баротравмы легкого, интраоперационное кровотечение и внезапная сердечная смерть. Остальные свиньи дожили до окончания срока наблюдения (6 мес.) без осложнений, после чего были выведены из эксперимента. Длительность перфузии посредством сонно-бедренного шунтирования составила 55 [50; 60] мин. Объем пропотевания крови через сосудистую часть протеза — 2,28 ± 0,23 мл/см2/мин. Объем кровопотери за первый час по дренажам — порядка 70,2 ± 8,9 мл. По данным ангиографии аорты через 6 мес. после операции, основное тело и ветви гибридного стент-графта полностью проходимы. Миграции, деформации или эндоликов не наблюдалось. Результаты анализа гистологических срезов показали наличие конфлюэнтного слоя неоинтимы, непрерывно и равномерно распространенного по всей луминальной поверхности кондуитов, включая боковые бранши и анастомозы. Неоинтима представлена слоями однонаправленных клеток фибробластного ряда, гиперплазирована, ее луминальная поверхность покрыта слоем эндотелиоцитов. Заключение. Продемонстрированы техническая возможность и безопасность применения нового гибридного стент-графта с дополнительной стентированной браншей. Поступила в редакцию 16 июля 2024 г. Исправлена 1 августа 2024 г. Принята к печати 15 августа 2024 г. Финансирование Исследование выполнено в рамках проекта № 22-15-20005 (соглашение № 22-15-20005 от 22.03.2022 г. с Российским научным фондом, соглашение № р-12 от 13.03.2023 г. с Министерством науки и инновационной политики Новосибирской области). Конфликт интересов Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов. Вклад авторов Концепция и дизайн работы: А.М. Чернявский, И.Ю. Журавлева, Д.А. Сирота, А.А. Шаданов Сбор и анализ данных: А.А. Шаданов, Д.А. Сирота, М.М. Ляшенко, С.В. Владимиров, Т.П. Тимченко, А.А. Докучаева, В.П. Бородин, А.К. Сабетов, Д.В. Хомушку, М.Н. Муртазалиев, Я.Л. Русакова, Е.В. Кузнецова Статистическая обработка данных: А.А. Шаданов Написание статьи: А.А. Шаданов, Д.А. Сирота Исправление статьи: И.Ю. Журавлева, Д.А. Сирота, А.М. Чернявский Утверждение окончательного варианта статьи: все авторы