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[Objective]Four different colors of white, yellow, pink and purple Nymphaea hybrid were used as tested materials and the varieties and contents of volatile substances were detected, and to explore the differences of volatile substances and the characteristic aroma components in different varieties.[Method]The volatile components in N. hybrid were analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), and the relative content of each component was calculated by internal standard method. The odor activity value (OAV) of each substance was calculated based on the content and sensory thresholds, to analyze the contribution of each component to the aroma of N. hybrid.[Result] A total of 127 volatile components were detected in four different varieties of N. hybrid, including alkanes, ketones, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, acids, terpenoids and others. Among these, 45 compounds contributed to aroma. The volatile components with relatively high content included pentadecane, 6,9-Heptadecadiene, benzyl alcohol, benzyl acetate, trans-α-Bergamotene, trans-β-Famesene, γ-bisabolene, β-Ionone, and 2-butanone-β-Ionone. The odor activity values of volatile aroma components were analyzed, and the main aroma components with OAV larger than 1 included famesene, β-sesquihydrocelercene, bergamotene, benzyl acetate, anisylacetate α-ionol, β-ionone, 2-butanone-β-ionone, bisabolene, ethyl benzoate. These substances had six aromatic attributes, including orange, floral, delicate, herbal, sweet and woody fragrance, in which floral and woody were the main fragrance of N. hybrid.[Conclusion]The aroma substances contributing more to the aroma of different varieties of N. hybrid are clarified. The aroma of the white variety is characterized by floral aroma with strong violet fragrance, herbal and woody aromas. The aroma of the yellow variety is characterized by lilac/jasmine-like floral, woody and oily fragrance. The aroma of the pink variety is characterized by osmanthus or seaweed-like floral, herbal and woody fragrance. The aroma of the purple variety is characterized by woody, orange, floral, fruity, herbal, sweet, and balsamic aromas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of silencing long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00472 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury. Methods The human renal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 (hereinafter referred to as HK-2 cells) was cultured in vitro and randomly divided into the control group, LPS group, LPS + si-LINC00472 group, LPS + si-NC group, LPS + miR-136-3p group, LPS + miR-NC group group, LPS + si-LINC00472 + anti-miR-136-3p group, and LPS + si-LINC00472 + anti-miR-NC group. Cells in the LPS + si-LINC00472 group were transfected with si-LINC00472, LPS + si-NC group with si-NC, LPS + miR-136-3p group with miR-136-3p, LPS + miR-NC group with miR-NC, LPS + si-LINC00472 + anti-miR- 136-3p group with si-LINC00472 + anti-miR-136-3p, and LPS + si-LINC00472 + anti-miR-NC group with si-LINC00472 + anti-miR-NC, followed by 1 μg/mL LPS stimulation for 24 h after 6-hour transfection, respectively. The cells in the LPS group were not transfected and were only stimulated with 1 μg/mL LPS for 24 h. The cells in the control group were routinely cultured without transfection and LPS stimulation. After the intervention, the cells in each group were collected, and RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of lncRNA LINC00472 and miR-136-3p. The levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in the culture supernatant were detected by ELISA, and the binding sites of lncRNA LINC00472 and miR-136-3p, miR-136-3p and PDCD4 were predicted by Lnc-Base Predicted v.2 online prediction website and starBase database. The targeted regulatory relationship between lncRNA LINC00472 and miR-136-3p, miR-136-3p and PDCD4 was verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene experiments, and the protein expression of PDCD4 was detected by Western blotting. Results The relative expression of lncRNA LINC00472 in the LPS group was significantly higher than that in the control group, the relative expression of miR-136-3p was significantly lower than that in the control group, the cell viability was also significantly lower than that in the control group, and the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in the culture supernatant were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P< 0. 05). The relative expression of lncRNA LINC00472 in the LPS + si-LINC00472 group was significantly lower than that in the LPS + si-NC group, the relative expression of miR-136-3p was significantly higher than that in the LPS + si-NC group, the cell activity was also significantly higher than that in the LPS + si-NC group, and the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in the culture supernatant were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0. 05). The relative expression level of miR-136-3p and cell activity in LPS + miR-136-3p group were significantly higher than those in the LPS + miR-NC group, while the apoptosis rate, the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in the culture supernatant and the relative expression of PDCD4 protein were significantly lower than those in the LPS + miR-NC group (all P<0. 05). The relative expression level of miR- 136-3p and the cell activity in the LPS + si-LINC00472 + anti-miR-136-3p group were significantly lower than those in LPS + si-LINC00472 + anti-miR-NC group, but the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in culture supernatant and the relative expression of PDCD4 protein were significantly higher than those in the LPS + si-LINC00472 + anti-miR-NC group (all P<0. 05). Predicted by LncBase Predicted v.2 online prediction website and starBase database and verified by dual luciferase reporter gene experiments, lncRNA LINC00472 had a binding site with miR-136-3p, and miR-136-3p had a binding site with PDCD4. Conclusion Silencing lncRNA LINC00472 could alleviate LPS-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury by promoting the expression of miR-136-3p and inhibiting the expression of PDCD4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 探究肾血管阻力指数 (RRI) 及血清胱抑素 C(Cys C)、肌酐 (Scr) 水平对危重症患者早期急性肾损伤 (AKI) 的预测价值。方法 选取危重症合并 AKI 患者 41 例为研究组, 同期危重症无 AKI 患者 41 例为对照组。于不同时段 (入院时、入院后1、3 d) 分别测定 RRI 及血清 Cys C、Scr 水平。统计各时段研究组与对照组不同预后(治疗后随访 28 d, 统计预后情况, 病死者 10 例纳入预后不良, 存活者 31 例纳入预后良好) AKI 患者 RRI 及血清 Cys C、Scr 水平, 分析不同时段患者 RRI 及 Cys C、Scr 与 AKI 的关系, 采用受试者工作特征 (ROC) 曲线分析对患者预后的预测价值。结果 研究组不同时段 RRI 及血清 Cys C、Scr 水平高于对照组, 且均与 AKI 有关 (P均<0. 05); 预后良好者不同时段 RRI 及血清 Cys C、Scr 水平低于预后不良者 (P均<0. 05)。ROC 曲线显示, 入院时、入院后 1、3 d, RRI 的 AUC (95%CI) 分别为 0. 777、0. 783、0. 776, Cys C 的 AUC(95%CI) 分别为 0. 731、0. 765、0. 760, Scr 的 AUC(95%CI) 分别为 0. 761、0. 760、0. 756; 三项指标联合检测的 AUC(95%CI) 为 0. 897, 灵敏度为 89. 00%, 特异度为 90. 32%。休克、应用血管活性药物、应用肾毒性药物为危重症 AKI 预后影响因素 (P均<0. 05)。结论 RRI 及血清 Cys C、Scr 水平与危重症患者 AKI 发生有关, 三者联合检测有助于危重症患者早期 AKI 的预测。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work? graphite nanosheets/polyanline (GNs/PANI) composites with core¬shell structure were prepared by surface-initiated polymerization. The components ? morphol¬ogy and electromagnetic parameters of GNs/PANI composites were characterized by Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)，X-ray diffraction (XRD)，scanning electron microscope (SEM)，Raman spectroscopy (Raman) ?LCR measurement instrument and vector network analyzer. The effect of graphite loading on conductivity ? dielectric properties ? permeability and electromagnetic shielding performance were systematically investigated. The electrical con¬ductivity of the composites increases with the increasing of the mass of graphite sheets. At lower frequency ? the composite exhibits a negative permittivity; while at higher frequency， the composite exhibits a positive permittivity and a less volatile permeability. As the thick¬ness of 40 wt% GNs/PANI composites is 5 mm at 10. 2 GHz? the shielding efficiency could reach - 33. 2 dB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Potato late blight is a major disease affecting potato yield and can infect potato at different growth stages. The selection of appropriate fungicides to effectively control potato late blight is of great significance to potato production safety and increase of farmer's income. To select better fungicides for the prevention and control of autumn potato late blight, the field efficacy of four fungicides commonly used in potato late blight prevention and control were compared. The fungicides were applied five times during potato growth period. The incidence of each treatment was investigated, and the incidence, disease index and control effect were calculated. All four fungicides had good control effect, and the ranking of average control effect was 687.5 g/L Fluopicolide propamocarb SC > 10% Oxathiapiprolin OD > 100 g/L Cyazofamid SC > 50% Dimethomorph WP. Among them, the total average control effect of 687.5 g/L Fluopicolide propamocarb SC was the best, which was 70.90%, followed by 10% Oxathiapiprolin OD, which was 66.53%. In potato autumn planting season, 687.5 g/L Fluopicolide propamocarb SC and 10% Oxathiapiprolin OD could be used alternately for prevention and control of potato late blight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cloud microphysical process is a key process that may affect the numerical simulation of typhoon precipitation. In this paper, simulations of Typhoon Lekima are carried out by using the Shanghai Meteorological Service WRF ADAS Real-Time Modeling System with two different microphysical parameterization schemes, i.e., Thompson and CLR. Observational data and satellite data are compared to evaluate the impact of the two schemes on typhoon simulation. The results show that the simulation using the CLR scheme is significantly closer to observations compared with that using the Thompson scheme, especially after landing. The model using Thompson scheme shows strong spiral rainbands distribution about 100km away from the typhoon center, while the model with CLR scheme presents weaker rainbands at the distance of about 150km from the typhoon center. Further analysis indicates that the outer rainbands simulated using the CLR scheme are further away from the typhoon center due to lower falling speed and longer diameter of ice-phase hydrometeors in the CLR scheme; ice-phase hydrometeors are more likely to be pushed to places further away from typhoon center, leading to different rainbands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the characteristic index identification in the sub-instability phase of rock uniaxial compression, this paper utilized acoustic emission and digital speckle correlation method to observe the rock uniaxial compression test. The evolution of deformation field and non-uniform deformation statistics, the time-frequency domain characteristics of acoustic emission and the waveform distortion of acoustic emission were studied in the sub-steady state of rock under uniaxial compression. The results show that in the rocky sub-instability stage, the deformation field non-uniform statistical indicators Sw shows a rapid growth trend; the acoustic low-frequency and high-frequency events in the rock sub-instability stage are intensive, and the acoustic emission event rate and the number of the acoustic emission ringing reach the maximum; the rock uniaxial compression process is accompanied by obvious waveform distortion phenomenon, and in the sub-instability phase acoustic emission waveform distortion rate shows a sharp increase characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background--Due Lo Lhe nnconLrollcd use of wildlife (such as ovcrcaLing wildlife), Lhc possibiliLv of Lhcsc viruses coming inLo conLacL wiLh human beings is increased, which direcLly cndangci's Lhc safeLy of public healLh and human life and heahh. Therefore, iL is necessary Lo sLrengLhen Lhc research on Lhc governance of illegal Lradc in wildlife and iLs prodiicLs. (2) Methods--Based on Lhe Lhcory of social governance, Lhc snowball meLhod is used Lo sysLemaLically soil onL Lhe CLirrcnL research siLiiaLion aL home and abroad in Lhc field of illegal Lradc in wildlife and iLs produeLs, wiLh emphasis on Lhc lcgislaLion in Lhc field of wildlife proLccLion. ITie daLa involved in Lhc paper come from World Wildlife Crime ReporL: Illegal Trade of Endangered Species 2020 and official daLa released by InvcsLigaLion Bureau of CcnLral AdminisLraLion of CusLoms, P. R. China. (3) Results--Wildlife is an imporLanL pail of all life and naLiiral ccosysLcms on Lhc carLh. However, illegal Lradc of wildlife and iLs products sLill exisLs and even becomes inLensifying. ITie difficLillies in Lhe conLrol over illegal wildlife and iLs prodiicLs Lradc mainly lie in Lhc lcgislaLivc, law cnforccmcnL and judicial fields. Through Lhc analysis from Lhe source of lcgislaLion, iL is mainly rcflecLed in Lhe narrow and unclear conccpL definiLion of wildlife. And Lhe pm Lee Lion of wildlife and Lhe iiLilizaLion of wildlife hoLh deviaLc from Lhc original inLenLion. Prom Lhc pci'spccLivc of law enforccmcnL and judicial fields, iL mainly foe uses on Lhe impcrfccL cooivlinaLcd supervision and regulaLion sysLem. In order Lo cffccLively conLrol Lhc illegal Lradc of wildlife and iLs prodiicLs, Lo improve Lhc governance sysLem and Lhe governance abiliLy, Lhe managemenL of wildlife and iLs pmdueLs is required Lo follow Lhc law of biodiversiLv and Lo enhance Lhe overall pro Lee Lion LhoiighL, as well Lo innovaLc Lhc govcrnancc measures of illegal Lradc. Therefore, firsL of all, iL is necessary Lo reshape Lhe lcgislaLivc principle of Law of Lhc People's Republic of China on Lhe ProLccLion of Wildlife. And iL is required Lo sLricLly implemcnL Lhc "proLccLion prioriLyn. Secondly, iL is necessary Lo scienLifically define Lhe conccpL of wildlife and expand Lhe scope of wildlife proLccLion. In addiLion, we need Lo improve Lhe governance sysLem of illegal Lradc in wild animals and Lheir produeLs, in order Lo furLher improve Lhe level of governance. Finally, iL is siiggcsLcd Lo opLimizc Lhc sysLem cons Line Lion of law cnforccmcnL Lcam in order Lo improve Lhc abiliLy of pLinishmenL. (4) Conclusions and Discussions--Based on ecological safeLy, public healLh safeLy, life and healLh safeLy as well as biological safeLy, Lhc lcgislaLivc conccpL of Lhc Law of Lhc Peopled Republic of China on Lhc ProLccLion of Wildlife is cxpecLcd Lo be remodeled for Lhc LargeL value orienLaLion of people's increasing needs for a heLLer life. Il's necessary Lo implemcnL Lhe spiriL of Lhe Decision of Lhe SLanding CommiLLcc of Lhe JNaLional Peopled Congress on a ComplcLc Ban of Illegal Wildlife Trade and Lhc EliminaLion of Lhc UnhealLhv 1 丄ahiL of IndiscriminaLc Wild Animal McaL ConsumpLion For Lhe ProLccLion of lliiman Life and llcalLh, redefine Lhc conccpL of wildlife in Lhe revision of Lhe Law of Lhe People's Republic of China on Lhe ProLccLion of Wildlife, and expand Lhc scope of pm Lee Lion Lo all species of wildlife, including Lheir habiLaLs. In addiLion, we should sLrengLhen mulLi-parLv co-governance and diversified parLicipaLion, pmmoLe Lcchnological innovaLion, csLablish informaLion sharing and commnnicaLion mechanisms, encourage social parLicipaLion, sLrengLhen inLernaLional cooperaLion, and sLrengLhen source governance. Al Lhc same Lime, opLimizc Lhe Lcam building sysLem of wildlife proLccLion law enforccmcnL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of 40 Colletotrichum strains causing anthracnose on Polygonatum kingianum were isolated and identified by morphology and ITS sequence in 2019. They were collected from three producing regions in Yunnan Province. Their sensitivities to fluazinam, prochloraz and difenoconazole were tested using the mycelium growth rate method. The results showed that all the 40 strains isolated from P. kingianum diseased leaves might belong to genus of Colletotrichum, i.c. C. gloeosporioides, C. fructicola, C. boninense and C. acutatum. Among them, 29 strains belong to C. fructicola, accounting for 72.5% of the total isolated strains. Fungicide sensitivity tests indicated that fluazinam, prochloraz and difenoconazole showed strong antifungal activities against the growth of all the tested strains. The EC50 values of fluazinam, prochloraz and difenoconazole to all tested strains were in the range of 0.028-0.53 mg/L, 0.018-2.69 mg/L and 0.158-2.57 mg/L, respectively. The sensitivities of all strains to fluazinam were higher than those to prochloraz and difenoconazole. No resistant strains to fluazinam, prochloraz and difenoconazole were found in those three producing regions of Yunnan Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of 40 Colletotrichum strains causing anthracnose on Polygonatum kingianum were isolated and identified by morphology and ITS sequence in 2019. They were collected from three producing regions in Yunnan Province. Their sensitivities to fluazinam, prochloraz and difenoconazole were tested using the mycelium growth rate method. The results showed that all the 40 strains isolated from P. kingianum diseased leaves might belong to genus of Colletotrichum, i.c. C. gloeosporioides, C. fructicola, C. boninense and C. acutatum. Among them, 29 strains belong to C. fructicola, accounting for 72.5% of the total isolated strains. Fungicide sensitivity tests indicated that fluazinam, prochloraz and difenoconazole showed strong antifungal activities against the growth of all the tested strains. The EC50 values of fluazinam, prochloraz and difenoconazole to all tested strains were in the range of 0.028-0.53 mg/L, 0.018-2.69 mg/L and 0.158-2.57 mg/L, respectively. The sensitivities of all strains to fluazinam were higher than those to prochloraz and difenoconazole. No resistant strains to fluazinam, prochloraz and difenoconazole were found in those three producing regions of Yunnan Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) activation by GW4064 to inhibit the growth of colon cancer cells. Methods: The effects of specific FXR agonist (GW4064) on the growth of HT-29 cells were studied in vitro by MTT. The infiltration and metastasis of HT-29 cells were detected by the transwell inserts. The mRNA expression of FXR and MMP-7 were determined by RT-PCR, The protein expression of FXR and MMP-7 were measured byWestern blot. Results: MTT results showed that the growth inhibition rate of GW4064 in human colorectal HT-29 cells was concentration dependent; Transwell inserts results showed that GW4064 inhibited the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells. Compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). RT-PCR and Western blot display GW4064 promoted FXR mRNA and protein expression and inhibited the expression of MMP-7. The expression of mRNA and protein was significantly different from that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: GW4064 inhibited metastasis of colon cancer cells. The expression of mRNA and protein of FXR was up-regulated by FXR specific agonist in cell line HT-29, and MMP-7 is just opposite. The activation of FXR may inhibit the metastasis of colon cancer cells by inhibiting MMP-7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digital speckle correlation method was adopted to measure the deformation field.Acoustic emission information was monitored by acoustic emission system.This paper concentrated on acoustic emission characteristics of deformation field evolution of red sandstone rocks.By uniaxial compression,the deformation filed evolution,the correspondence between deformation filed evolution and acoustic emission dominant-frequency range and acoustic emission event rate,energy characteristics of acoustic emission dominant-frequency of red sandstone were studied.The results show that:At the start time of deformation localization,the low dominant-frequency acoustic emission events began to occur,then the number increased.The dominant-frequency distribution of acoustic emission events increased with the increase of dislocation rate.The quantity of low and higher dominant-frequency acoustic emission event rate are close,but the quantity is small.When the macroscopic crack developed of rock specimen,the low dominant-frequency event rate is larger.And the higher dominant-frequency event rate is smaller.At the peak of stress,the low dominant-frequency event rate is much higher than the high dominant-frequency event rate.The value of high and low dominant-frequency acoustic emission event rate is higher at the interface sliding stage.In the process of failure of rock specimens,the high energy acoustic emission events are mainly distributed in the low dominant-frequency range.Low energy acoustic emission events are distributed both in high dominant-frequency and low dominant-frequency range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]