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昌吉—古泉特高压工程是世界上首个±1100 kV特高压直流输电工程。线路于陕西省境内翻越秦岭高海拔重冰区，最高海拔达到2500 m，设计覆冰厚度达到30 mm，该区段线路设计方案的可靠性及合理性成为整个工程设计的难点和关键之一。结合昌吉—古泉±1100 kV特高压直流输电工程成功的设计经验，对30 mm重覆冰区段的导地线选型、绝缘子选择及配置、塔头空气间隙、防雷保护、金具及绝缘子串、杆塔型式、杆塔荷载等关键设计方案进行了论证和分析。30 mm重冰区关键设计技术的研究成果可为后续特高压直流重冰区线路工程设计提供参考。

This paper summarize the nursing practice of facial neuritis in a patient with multiple myeloma during the interval between chemotherapy. In addition to facial care, rehabilitation training and emotion care, Traditional Chinese Medicine characteristic nursing techniques such as acupoint application and acupuncture were carried out to relieve the symptoms of facial paralysis and anxiety of the patient, and ensure the following chemotherapy. (本文总结1例多发性骨髓瘤患者化疗间歇期合并急性面神经炎的护理经验。在面部护理、康复训练、情志护理的基础上, 采用穴位贴敷、针灸疗法等中医特色护理措施, 有效改善患者面瘫症状, 缓解焦虑情绪, 确保后续化疗疗程的顺利进行。)

为准确、快速地测定植物油中8种维生素E异构体，建立了均质快速提取法结合反相高效液相色谱法同时测定植物油中8种维生素E异构体的方法，并采用该方法对14种常见植物油进行测定。结果表明：与传统的皂化法和固相萃取法比较，均质快速提取法前处理快速简便，测定准确度和精密度高，重现性好；8种维生素E异构体在15 min内可以实现良好分离；在0.5~10 μg/mL质量浓度范围内8种维生素E异构体线性关系良好(R2＞0.999)，检出限为0.02~0.05 μg/mL，定量限为0.07~0.17 μg/mL，相对标准偏差在2.48%~5.79%之间，加标回收率在90.00%~110.00%之间；不同食用植物油中生育酚和生育三烯酚的种类和含量存在明显差异。建立的均质快速提取法结合反相高效液相色谱法适用于植物油中8种维生素E异构体的同时测定。 In order to accurately and quickly determine eight vitamin E isomers in vegetable oils，a method for simultaneous determination of eight vitamin E isomers in vegetable oils by homogeneous rapid extraction combined with RP-HPLC was established, and the method was used to determine 14 common vegetable oils. The results showed that compared with the conventional saponification method and solid-phase extraction method, the homogeneous rapid extraction method was fast and simple, with high accuracy, precision and good reproducibility. Eight kinds of vitamin E isomers could be well separated within 15 min. The linearities of eight vitamin E isomers were well in the range of 0.5-10 μg/mL(R2>0.999). The detection limits, quantitation limits, relative standard deviations and spiked recoveries were 0.02-0.05 μg/mL, 0.07-0.17 μg/mL, 2.48%-5.79% and 90.00%-110.00%, respectively. There were obvious differences in the types and contents of tocopherols and tocotrienols in different edible vegetable oils. The established homogeneous rapid extraction combined with RP-HPLC is suitable for the simultaneous determination of eight vitamin E isomers in vegetable oils.

BACKGROUND: High ankle sprain is easily missed and leads to ankle dysfunction. Arthroscopy can detect hidden high ankle sprain. Suture-button elastic fixation can restore the biomechanical stability of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis. OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical efficacy of Suture-button elastic fixation for high ankle sprain under ankle arthroscopy. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 40 cases of high ankle sprain patients treated with Suture-button elastic fixation under ankle arthroscopy from August 2019 to August 2021 in the Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital. All patients underwent Suture-button elastic fixation. The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society function score, Visual Analog Scale pain score, ankle range of motion, preoperative imaging data, and arthroscopic tibiofibular syndesmosis separation degree were recorded. Meislin criteria were used to evaluate the curative effect and postoperative complications were recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) 40 patients were followed up for 16-48 months after operation. (2) At the last follow-up, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score was (88.95±6.64 points). Visual Analog Scale score was (1.78±1.23 points). Ankle dorsiflexion range of motion was (33.50±5.79 degrees). Ankle plantarflexion range of motion was (34.50±5.97 degrees). There were statistically significant differences before and after surgery (P < 0.05). (3) There was a low positive correlation between the radiographic separation index and the degree of arthroscopic separation (r=0.612, P < 0.01). (4) The curative effect was evaluated by Meislin standard, with an excellent and good rate of 95% (38/40). Postoperative ankle joint pain was relieved, and ankle joint activities were significantly improved. (5) During the follow-up period, all patients had no nerve injury or incision infection. In 1 patient, the internal fixation was removed due to skin irritation and squatting sensation after operation. (6) It is concluded that Suture-button elastic fixation for high ankle sprain is effective under ankle arthroscopy in restoring ankle function and maintaining joint stability without the need for secondary removal, and it is worth clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Acta Prataculturae Sinica is the property of Acta Prataculturae Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To explore the application of academic evaluation by oral defense in training of nurses in the operating room. Methods A total of 36 nurses participating in the clinical training in the Department of Operating Room from January 2017 to June 2018 were selected as the control group, and 40 nurses from July 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the observation group. A personalized training program was developed for the nurses and standardized teaching method was carried out. The control group adopted routing evaluation in theory and practice skills, and the observation group implemented the academic evaluation by oral defense in addition to the routine evaluation. Results The theoretical and operational performance of nurses in the observation group were higher than those of nurses in the control group(P＜0. 01). The score of satisfaction assessment was (93. 00±5. 60)in the control group, which was lower than (98. 00±4. 40)in the observation group (P＜0. 01). Conclusion The application of academic evaluation by oral defense in the training of nurses is potentially effective to increase the satisfaction of the nurses, and is beneficial to the improvement of the theoretical knowledge level and practice skills. (目的 探讨答辩式考核在手术室进修护士培训中的应用效果。方法 选取科室2017年 1月—2018年6月进修护士36 名为对照组, 2018年7月—2019年12月进修护士40名为观察组。针对手术室进修护士制定个性化培训方案, 进行规范化教学, 对照组采用传统理论、操作考核, 观察组实施答辩联合理论、操作考核方式。检验进修护士的培训效果。结果 观察组理论成绩和操作成绩均高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。满意度评价结果显示, 对照组评分(93. 00±5. 60)分, 低于观察组评分(98. 00±4. 40)分, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。结论 将答辩式考核用于手术室进修护士的培训中, 有利于增加进修护士的满意度, 提高进修护士理论和操作水平。)

AIM: To establish a model of recurrent hypoglycemia (RH) in mice with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to investigate the expression and effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the intestines of the model mice. METHODS: The T1DM model was established by induction with streptozotocin. Starting from the 15th day of T1DM, the mice in RH group were injected intraperitoneally with short-acting insulin, experiencing 1 episode of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia every 3 days over 5 episodes, to establish the RH model in T1DM mice. Body weight, blood glucose, and activity status of the mice were recorded. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure plasma adrenaline, glucagon (GCG), GLP-1, and somatostatin (SST) levels after the fifth episode of hypoglycemia for 60 min. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized to detect the expression of intestinal GLP-1 and hormone secretions from pancreatic α and δ cells in each group. Western blot was employed to detect protein expressions of GLP-1, GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R), and prohormone convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) in the intestine. RESULTS: Blood glucose and body weight met the standards for T1DM mice. During the 5 episodes of hypoglycemia, blood glucose levels in the RH group dropped to (3. 3± 0. 5) mmol/L for more than 60 min during each episode of hypoglycemia, along with levels of plasma adrenaline and glucagon and the behavioral changes of RH mice during hypoglycemia, which met the modeling criteria of RH and impaired hypoglycemic counterregulation in diabetic mice. ELISA detection showed that the plasma adrenaline and GCG levels were lower in RH group than those in T1DM group (P<0. 01), while the plasma active GLP-1 and SST levels in mice were significantly higher in RH group (P<0. 01). Immunofluorescence analysis showed that intestinal GLP-1 expression and pancreatic SST secretion increased in RH group (P<0. 01), while GCG secretion decreased (P<0. 01). Western blot analysis showed that the levels of intestinal active GLP-1 and GLP-1R in RH group were significantly higher than those in T1DM group (P<0. 01). CONCLUSION: Recurrent hypoglycemia in T1DM mice leads to increased intestinal GLP-1 expression and secretion, which is closely related to the formation or aggravation of impaired hypoglycemic counterregulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research progress of biochar-based microbial agents on plant uptake of heavy metals and the effects of soil microorganisms are reviewed, and the influencing mechanisms are summarized, including promoting plant growth, reducing plant uptake of heavy metals, improving soil physicochemical properties, changing heavy metal morphology, reducing soil heavy metal availability, and changing the community composition of microorganisms in soil. Finally, the existing problems and future development directions in this field are explored, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the effects of biochar-based microbial agents on plant absorption of heavy metals and soil microorganisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: To analyze the risk factors of internalizing problems in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, and provide supporting evidence for the scientific prevention and effective control of internalizing problems in adolescents. Methods: By systematically searching the Chinese and English databases such as CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, Web of Science, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, PsycInfo, PsycArticles and ERIC, literature on risk factors of internalizing problems among adolescents in the past 22 years was collected, and nonclinical literature using CBCL or YSR or TRF scales to measure related internalizing problems were included. Meta analysis was performed using CMA3.0,with r as the effect size indicator and random effects model combined with the effect size of risk factors.Results:Finally,77 and 18 risk factors literatures were included, including 7 risk factors of individuals,7 risk factors of family, and 4 risk factors of school/community. The average correlation between family risk factors and internalizing problems of adolescents was the highest Among family risk factors, parent-child attachment had the highest correlation. Conclusion: Individual risk factors, family risk factors and school/community risk factors are significantly positively correlated with adolescent internalizing problems, and family risk factors (especially parent-child attachment quality) have the highest correlation with adolescent internalizing problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This study aims to explore the real water-saving potential in the Hetao Irrigation Area of Inner Mongolia of China. The distributed water cycle and salinity models were constructed using machine learning. A series of water-saving schemes were established to quantitatively analyze the water intake, water consumption, groundwater depth, and salt accumulation. The results were as follows: (1) The distributed water cycle model was used to calibrate and verify some indicators, such as evaporation, runoff, and groundwater depth in the water cycle process. The Nash coefficients of water surface evaporation, drainage processes, and groundwater depth were no less than 0.654, 0.600, and 0.628, respectively, where the absolute relative errors were no higher than 4.82%, 5.11%, and 5.12%, respectively, and the correlation values were 0.88, 0.82, and 0.86, respectively, fully meeting the accuracy requirements. Three algorithms of machine learning were selected to construct the soil salinity model. The Nash coefficients of soil salt accumulation were no less than 0.76, compared with the measurement. (2) Canal and field water-saving measures were optimized to screen the crop structure adjustment. Seven water-saving schemes and combinations were constructed for the main water-saving measures. In Scheme S1, the water utilization coefficient of the canal increased to 0.60, with a water-saving amount of 293 million cubic meters. Scheme S2 was used to implement the field water-saving regulation, particularly with a water-saving amount of 302 million cubic meters. In Scheme S3, the crop structure was adjusted without the reduction in the amount of water that diverted from the Yellow River, where the water-saving amount of 254 million cubic meters was obtained. Among different scheme combinations, Scheme S1+S2+S3 shared the highest watersaving amount of 911 million cubic meters, followed by Schemes S2+S3 and S1+S3 with a water-saving amount of 569 and 557 million cubic meters, respectively. (3) An increase in the canal water utilization coefficient led to a decline in groundwater levels, which was unfavorable for salt drainage. In Scheme S1, the proportion of areas with a groundwater depth greater than 3 meters increased by 7.59%, compared with the baseline scheme, whereas, the proportion with a groundwater depth between 2.5 and 3.0 meters increased by 4.44%, which was not conducive to the salt drainage. The field engineering measures reduced the infiltration rate of farmland, leading to a decline in the groundwater levels, which was beneficial for the salt drainage. In Scheme S2, the groundwater recharge in the irrigation area decreased by 257 million cubic meters, compared with the baseline scheme, indicating a more significant decline in groundwater level. Scheme S2 was favorable for the salt drainage. In Scheme S3, the groundwater recharge slightly decreased with the relatively stable groundwater level, which was also favorable for salt drainage. Among them, the S1+S2 and S1+S2+S3 combination shared a greater impact on the groundwater depth, especially S1+S2+S3 in the northwest part of the irrigation area. A high-value area of continuous buried depth was formed to dominate the growth of crops and vegetation during the growing season. There was a 5.46% increase in the proportion of naturally vegetated areas with an average buried depth exceeding 2.5 meters in Scheme S1+S2, compared with the baseline scheme. Therefore, the scheme S2+S3 was recommended with the largest water-saving amount, where the suitable water-saving potential of the irrigation area was 569 million cubic meters, considering the constraints of the ecological environment. Consequently, this scheme can be the most favorable for salt drainage in the irrigation area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A cloud model of water resources has been explored in the early stages in recent years. However, it is still lacking on the cloud model service platforms for the water cycle simulation and water resources allocation. This study aims to construct the water cycle models for water resource allocation using multi-objective optimization. A modular modeling approach was also adopted with the model library as the core. The B/S architecture pattern was utilized to configure the basic network structure. The cloud model service platform was designed using the classic cloud computing architecture. Four layers were divided into: IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service), PaaS (Platform as a Service), SaaS (Software as a Service), and Visualization Service Layer. The calculation services were provided by the water cycle model and water resources optimization model (SaaS layer) on the server side. The core of the entire system included the solving methods, numerical models, file systems, and database components. The backend database selected MySQL to support data for the entire system, including graphical, modeling, calculation, and hydrological data. Two parts were on the browser side: 1) Modeling and flow field display module included the numerical model building, parameter setting, simulation statistics and querying, and flow field display; 2) Data transmission and calls between the browser and Web server was achieved via the Python interface in HTML, enabling the seamless data exchange. Once an external request was initiated from the browser, it was sent to the server via the Python interface. Subsequently, the Python logic on the server side invoked Python models to perform analysis and calculations using the received request. The computed data from the models was then presented within the HTML framework through the server, indicating the seamless integration and display of the calculation on the user interface. Taking the Shaanxi section of the Weihe River Basin as an example, the new platform was used to simulate the water cycle evolution after multi-objective optimization for the water resources allocation in the long-term planning. The results show that: 1) The relative errors of monthly average runoff were -4.32% and -1.02%, respectively, in the periods of calibration and verification. The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients of monthly average runoff were 0.82 and 0.85, respectively. It infers that the water cycle model of the cloud model service platform was effectively characterized by the runoff during the verification period. The total rainfall and the total evaporation values were 21.78, and 17.97 billion cubic meters, respectively, under the multiple-year average inflow frequency in 2025. The average depth of annual runoff was 121.80 mm with a total runoff volume of 5.63 billion cubic meters. The inflow and outflow water volume values were 3.39, and 7.20 billion cubic meters, respectively. The total water withdrawal was 5.10 billion cubic meters for economic and social purposes, where 2.767, 2.369, and 0.40 billion cubic meters were from the surface water, shallow groundwater, and deep groundwater, respectively. The water outputs in the Shaanxi Province of the Wei River Basin were evaporation and socio-economic water withdrawal, accounting for 77.89% and 22.11%, respectively. The spatial distribution of runoff depth depended mainly on the distribution of rainfall. A significant decreasing trend was also found in the runoff volume at various hydrological stations. 2) The Pareto optimal frontier was obtained using the NSGA-III (Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm III). An optimal plan of water resources allocation was obtained using a population multi-attribute decision-making model, where five decision-makers were assumed to participate in the decision-making. As such, the water shortage rate, grain yield reduction rate, and GDP reduction were 7.95%, 1.23%, and 0.15%, respectively, in the entire region in 2025. The agricultural water deficit reached 438 million cubic meters, accounting for 87.04% of the total water deficit. Water shortages were concentrated mainly in the areas from Baoji Gorge to Xianyang North, Xianyang to Tongguan South, and Xianyang to Tongguan North. The findings can provide technical references and insights for the smart water conservancy system and the refined allocation of water resources in the Weihe River Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Asian Journals of Ecotoxicology is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To compare the incidence of radiation-related toxicities between conventional and hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for limited-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and to explore the risk factors of hypofractionated radiotherapy-induced toxicities. Methods Data were retrospectively collected from consecutive limited-stage SCLC patients treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy in Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from March 2016 to April 2022. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups according to radiation fractionated regimens. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE, version 5.0) was used to evaluate the grade of radiation esophagus injuries and lung injuries. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with radiation-related toxicities in the hypofractionated radiotherapy group. Results Among 211 enrolled patients, 108 cases underwent conventional IMRT and 103 patients received hypofractionated IMRT. The cumulative incidences of acute esophagitis grade ≥2 [38.9% (42/108) vs 35.0% (36/103), P=0.895] and grade ≥ 3 [1.9% (2/108) vs 5.8% (6/103), P=0.132] were similar between conventional and hypofractionated IMRT group. Late esophagus injuries grade ≥2 occurred in one patient in either group. No differences in the cumulative incidence of acute pneumonitis grade ≥2[12.0% (13/108) vs 5.8% (6/103), P=0.172] and late lung injuries grade ≥2[5.6% (6/108) vs 10.7% (11/103), P=0.277] were observed. There was no grade ≥3 lung injuries occurred in either group. Using multiple regression analysis, mean esophageal dose ≥13 Gy (OR=3.33, 95% CI: 1.23-9.01, P=0.018) and the overlapping volume between planning target volume (PTV) and esophageal ≥8 cm3(OR=3.99, 95% CI: 1.24-12.79, P=0.020) were identified as the independent risk factors associated with acute esophagitis grade ≥2 in the hypofractionated radiotherapy group. Acute pneumonitis grade ≥2 was correlated with presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, P=0.025). Late lung injuries grade ≥2 was correlated with tumor location(P=0.036). Conclusions Hypofractionated IMRT are tolerated with manageable toxicities for limited-stage SCLC patients treated with IMRT. Mean esophageal dose and the overlapping volume between PTV and esophageal are independently predictive factors of acute esophagitis grade ≥2, and COPD and tumor location are valuable factors of lung injuries for limited-stage SCLC patients receiving hyofractionated radiotherapy. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The types of insects that feed on plastic, and the types of plastic they feed on, the feeding ability of different kinds of insect larvae on plastic, including Tenebrio molitor L・, Zophobas atratus Fab・, and Galleria mellonella L・, the microbial diversity in intestinal tract of insect larvae and the self-growth status of insects after feeding on plastic were compared and reviewed・ It is hoped that the degradation ability of insects on plastics can be reasonably utilized and practically applied to solve the problem of global waste plastic pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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